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高三英语语法复习虚拟语气说课稿Step 1: Lead-inMatch the following sentences with A。
B。
or C:A。
Used to state facts。
with forms including affirmative。
negative。
interrogative。
or XXX.B。
Used to express requests。
commands。
or advice。
etc.C。
Indicates that what is said is not a fact。
or XXX。
XXX wishes。
ns。
or facts。
etc.1.My father and I drove over to the village to see Mr。
Wu。
(A)2.What a strange-looking person he is。
(A)3.I would rather they didn't hear the news。
(C)4.Stand over there。
and you'll be able to see it better。
(A)二．Analysis of Teaching ContentThe subjunctive mood has XXX curriculum standards and a test point in the XXX。
and its semantics are very rich。
Although there are many ns。
there are rules to follow。
A XXX.三．Student MasteryStudents in the third year of high school have learned several forms of the subjunctive mood in several units in the first and second years。
高三英语虚拟语气知识点虚拟语气是英语语法中的一种特殊语气，用来表示与事实相反、与现实不一致、或者表达愿望、建议、命令、要求等情态。
掌握虚拟语气的用法对于高三英语考试非常重要。
本文将介绍虚拟语气的常见用法及例句。
一、与现在事实相反的虚拟语气虚拟语气常用于表示与现在事实相反的情况。
以下是一些常见的虚拟语气用法：1. 与现在事实相反的虚拟语气：如果主句是现在时，从句用过去时。
例句：- If I were you, I would study harder.（与现实相反）- I wish I had more time to travel.（与现实相反）2. 表达建议、要求或命令等的虚拟语气：主句用“should”或“ought to”引导，从句用动词原形。
例句：- It is necessary that she should arrive on time.（建议）- He demanded that they leave immediately.（命令）二、与过去事实相反的虚拟语气虚拟语气还可以用来表示与过去事实相反的情况。
以下是一些常见的虚拟语气用法：1. 与过去事实相反的虚拟语气：如果主句是过去时，从句用过去完成时。
例句：- If he had studied harder, he would have passed the exam.（与过去事实相反）- I wish I hadn't eaten so much.（与过去事实相反）2. 表达愿望、建议或命令等的虚拟语气：主句用“should”或“ought to”引导，从句用动词原形或过去时。
例句：- It is high time that he applied for a job.（建议）- I wish he would stop talking.（愿望）三、与将来事实相反的虚拟语气虚拟语气还可以用来表示与将来事实相反的情况。
以下是一些常见的虚拟语气用法：1. 与将来事实相反的虚拟语气：如果主句是将来时，从句用过去完成时。
虚拟语气英语动词有三种语气：陈述语气：陈述事实或提出疑问，用于陈述句，疑问句和感叹句；祈使语气：表示请求、命令，指示或劝告等；虚拟语气：①表示说话人所说的不是事实，②一种假设、猜测、怀疑等（在条件从句中或让步状语从句中）；③一种表示说话人愿望、要求、命令、建议等（在宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句）。
一、条件状语从句(2) 混合虚拟语气有时主句与从句所指的时间不一致，这叫错综虚拟语气或混合虚拟语气，它要求从句的时态根据实际的时间概念来确定。
如：If I had finished my homework last night, I would be allowed to watch TV now.（从句是过去情况，而主句说明现在情况。
）If you told me the truth now, I would not send for your parents tomorrow.（从句说明现在情况，主句说明将来情况。
）(3) 含蓄虚拟语气有时假设的条件不通过if条件句表达出来，而隐含在某些介词短语中，如with, without, but for 等，或者通过副词or, otherwise等上下文表示。
如：Without your encouragement, I wouldn’t have succeeded.=If you hadn’t encouraged me, I wouldn’t have succeeded.二、宾语从句【特别注意】一定要是从句才用虚拟语气，否则根据固定搭配用陈述语气。
I would rather had you hadn’t told me. （宾语从句，用虚拟）I would rather have some water. （不是从句，用would rather do固定搭配）1、表示“希望、宁愿”wish, would rather注意：wish与hope接宾语从句的区别在于：hope表示一般可以实现的希望，宾语从句用陈述语气。
高三英语虚拟语气试题答案及解析1. -- How was your trip to London ?-- Great . I was helped by an organization . Otherwise , I _____ it.A．Wouldn’t afford B．hadn’t affordedC．wouldn’t have afforded D．needn’t have afforded.【答案】C【解析】句意为：——你的伦敦之旅怎么样？——很好，我得到了一个机构的帮助。
否则，我是支付不起这个费用的。
根据Otherwise 和was 可知，此处表示的是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，故用would/could/might have done 结构，再结合选项可知应选C。
考点: 考查虚拟语气2. Thanks a lot. But for your text message, I＿＿＿my ID card at home this morning.A．would leave B．might forgetC．would have left D．should have forgotten【答案】C【解析】考查虚拟语气。
过去事实相反的虚拟语气，因为事情已经发生了，所以用与过去的事实相反的虚拟语气，主句要用would have + 过去分词。
句意：非常感谢，要不是你的短信，今天早上我会忘记我的身份证在家的。
故C正确。
【考点】考查虚拟语气3.—Pity you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution.—I________it, but I was busy preparing for a job interview.(2011·福建)A．attended B．had attendedC．would attend D．would have attended【答案】D【解析】D[考查虚拟语气。
It is advisable that a general announcement ____to the teaching staff.A.Will be madeB.Should makeC.Be madeD.Have been madeIt is imperative on us____.A.To be tolerant of himB.That we should be tolerant of himC.To tolerant of himD.To tolerant himThese facts suggested that women_______in opportunity for physical exercise by cultural taboos.A.Should been limitedB.Had been limitedC.Be limitedD.Have been limitedThe women’s magazines,deploring the statistics,urged that courses on marriage,and marriage councelors____in high scools.A.InstalledB.Be installedC.Have been installedD.InstallingAt the conference,it has been decided that she_____an opportunity to go abroad as a sales representitive.A.Is going to haveB.HaveC.Will haveD.HasI second Mr.Wang’s motion that a special committee ____to examine the problem.A.Be establishedB.EstablishedC.Was to establishD.Was establishedHe must have had an accident,or he___then.A.Would have been thereB.Had to be thereC.Should be thereD.Would be thereSally can’t have been in Paris,or____.A.I met himB.I’d meet himC.I’ll meet himD.I’d have met himI would very much like to have gone to see the movie,but I____ a ticket.A.Shall not haveB.Haven’t hadC.Don’t haveD.Didn’t haveThe party____at my house,but the central heating broke down,and we had to have it at John’s place.A.Would beB.Would have beenC.Was to beD.WereWithout computers,the world ____what it is today.A.Would beB.Would not beC.Will beD.Hadn’t beenIf only we___a phone! I’m tired of queuing outside the public phone box.A.HadB.Had hadC.Would haveD.Have had--I wish you___the play last night.--It is a shame that I____.A.Had attended/didn’tB.Attended/didn’tC.Had attended/hadn’tD.Could attend/haven’tDanis raised the essential paradox(事实而非的话）and asked how people could have fought so hard for environmental degradation____themsevlves now on the verge(边缘）of losing the war.A.Only foundB.Finding onlyC.Only to findD.Have only found。
高三英语复习：虚拟语气一、语气的定义和种类：l. 语气：语气是动词的一种形式，它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。
2. 语气的种类：（1）陈述语气：表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。
We are not ready.What a fine day it is！We had something to eat after the show.（2）祈使语气：表示说话人的建议、请求、邀请、命令等。
Open the door, please.John, follow me.Never say die. 永不言败。
Be still, and have your will. 坚持就能遂愿。
（3）虚拟语气：表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。
If I were you，I should study English.May you succeed！⑷疑问语气：用来提出问题或询问情况。
If winter comes, can spring be far behind?What is a man’s first duty? The answer is brief: to be himself.Which do you prefer, tea or coffee?二、虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法：1. 条件句有两类，一类是真实条件句，一类是虚拟条件句。
如果假设的情况是有可能发生的，就是真实条件句。
在这种真实条件句中的谓语用陈述语气。
If it doesn't rain tomorrow，we will go to the park.2. 如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的，或将来不大可能发生的，则是虚拟条件句。
If he had seen you yesterday，he would have asked you about it.3. 在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中，主句和从句的谓语都要用虚拟语气。
现将虚拟条件从句和主句的动词形式列表如下：从句主句与现在事实相反were/did would/ should / could / might do与过去事实相反had done would/ should / could / might have done与将来事实相反did / should do / were to do would/ should / could / might do注：主句中的should只用于I、we，但在美国英语中，should常被would代替；从句中的should 可用于各种人称。
If my brother were here，everything would be all right.If you had taken my advice，you wouldn't （couldn't）have failed in the exam.If it were Sunday tomorrow, I should /would/could/might go to see my grandmother.If it were to snow this evening，they would not go out.4. 有时条件从句中的动作和主句中的动作发生的时间不一致（表示错综时间的虚拟语气），这时动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间加以调整。
If you had listened to the doctor，you would be all right now.5. 虚拟条件句可以转换成下列形式：（l）省略连词if：在书面语中，如果虚拟条件从句中有were，had 或should，可以把if省略，把这几个词放到主语之前，构成主谓倒装。
Should he come, tell him to ring me up.Were I you, I would not do it.（2）用介词短语代替条件状语从句。
有时假设的情况并不用条件从句表示出来，而是通过介词短语来表示。
Without air, there would be no living things.But for your help, I couldn't have done it.⑶假设的情况有时可以通过上下文或其他方式表现出来。
I was busy that day. Otherwise I would have gone there with them.（If I hadn't been busy that day，I would have gone there with them.）I would have finished the work，but I have been ill.（If I hadn't been ill，I would have finished the work.）6. 省去条件从句或主句：表示虚拟语气的主句或从句有时可以省略，但其含义仍可以推知。
⑴省去条件从句：You could have washed your clothes yourself.⑵省去主句（常用以表示愿望）：If my grandmother were with me！If only she had not left！三、虚拟语气在其他状语从句中的用法1、在带有even if/ even though引导的让步状语从句的主从复合句中，主句和从句都用虚拟语气，动词形式与含有非真实条件句的虚拟语气相同。
Even if he had been ill，he would have gone to his office.2、由as if或as though引导的状语从句表示比较或方式时, 从句谓语形式为动词的过去式（be用were）或“had十过去分词”。
He treated me as if I were a stranger.She talked about the film as if she had really seen it.注：如果表示的事情可能会发生，那么方式状语从句中的谓语动词可用陈述语气。
3、有些让步状语从句可能用现在的虚拟语气，特别是某些句型，有些用现在的虚拟语气，有些用may, might, would构成谓语。
Though he be the President himself, he shall hear us.Whatever be the reason for his action, we can’t tolerate such disloyalty.Come what may, we will go ahead with out plan.Poor though you might be, you can’t live all your life on charity.4、在in order that, so that, for fear that, in case, lest引导的目的状语从句中，谓语动词多用“c ould/might/may/would（有时也用should）+ 动词原形”。
Mr. green spoke slowly so that his students could（might）hear clearly.Bring some money in case you might use it later.He left early in order that the children wouldn’t be alone in the house.有些目的状语从句可用虚拟语气作谓语，主要用动词原形：They removed the prisoners in order that they not disturb the others.Lest anyone should think it strange, let me assure you that it is true.They built defense works lest an attack (should) be launched that night.The president must reject the proposal, lest it cause strife and violence.四、虚拟语气在名词性从句中的用法：l. 虚拟语气在主语从句中的用法：⑴在“It is/was important （natural，necessary, appropriate, proper, right, essential, vital ）that……”这类句型里，that所引导的主语从句中的谓语动词常用“should十动词原形”结构，表示某事是“重要”, “自然”,“必要”等意义, should可省略。
It is important that every member （should）inform himself of these rules.It is appropriate that the tax be abolished.It is vial to your health that you take the medicine.⑵在“It is/was unnatural / unthinkable / strange / surprising /dreadful / a surprise that……”这类句型里，that所引导的主语从句中的谓语动词常用“should十动词原形”结构，should 意为“竟然”，表示一种不可思议的状况，should可省略。
It is strange that he (should) be so rude.It seems unthinkable that you (should) make such a mistake.⑶在“It is/was suggested/ requested/ required/ ordered/ proposed/ decided that……”这类句型里，that所引导的主语从句中的谓语动词常用“should十动词原形”结构，should可省略。
It is suggested that parents (should) spend more time with their children alone.It is required that students (should) learn a foreign language.It is proposed that we (should ) take the 9:00 train.2. 虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法：（1）在动词wish后的宾语从句中，表示与现在或过去的事实相反，或对将来的主观愿望，从句通常省略连词that.I wish I knew the answer to the question.I wish（wished）I hadn't spent so much money.I wish it would stop raining.I wish you could come tomorrow.（2）在suggest，demand，order，propose，insist，command，request，desire等动词后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用“should + 动词原形”，表示建议、要求、命令等。
