外贸函电18 外贸单证

实验三单证业务【实验项目编号】4161304620003【实验项目名称】单证业务【实验目的】1.掌握国际贸易的基本流程2.OFFER以及COUNTER OFFER的应用；3.信用证的应用；【实验设备】1.微型计算机；2.Windows2000操作系统；【实验步骤及内容】Offer(报盘)An offer is a promise to supply goods on the terms and conditions stated. It is usually made either by way of advertisements, circulars and letters or in reply to inquiries.In international business, offers can be divided into two kinds: firm offer and non-firm offer. A firm offer is capable of acceptance and once it has been accepted it cannot be withdrawn. Non-firm offers don’t have binding force on offerors and offers.Counter-Offer(还盘)If an offeree does not agree with any of some of the transaction terms of quotation or a firm offer, he sent a counter offer.A counter offer is virtually a partial rejection of the original offer and also a counter proposal initiated by the offeree.When we write a counter offer, which should include:(1)An expression of thanks for the offer(2)Express regret at inability to accept(3)Reasons for inability to accept the offer(4)Our own terms and conditions upon which business is likely to materialize(5)A wish of business opportunities in futureLetter of Credit(信用证)Letter of credit is a written undertaking by the issuing bank to the beneficiary (exporter), under which the bank undertakes to pay the beneficiary a sum certain in money within a designated time period and against any stipulated terms and conditions. L/C is based on banking credit. In China, it is the most common method of payment. (参看信用证样本)Useful Expressions:(1)We counter offer as follows: …(2)Our counteroffer is well founded.(3)Owing to shortage of stock, we regret that we are unable to accept your quotation.(4)We regret to note that you have turned down our counteroffer.(5)If you accept our counteroffer, we will inform our end-users to buy from you.(6)This is our lowest price; we can’t make any further reduction.(7)Y our quotation is on high (low) side.(8)The price you quoted are much higher than those of other suppliers.(9)Please quote us for the goods listed on the enclosed inquiry sheet, giving your prices CIF Shanghai. Please also state your earliest delivery date, your terms of payment, and discounts for regular purchases.(10)Will you please send us a copy of your catalogue, with details of your prices and terms of payment?(11)Thank you for your letter of February 15th, 2010. As requested, we submit our quotation in triplicate and wish for you to place your order with us as early as possible.(12)We have sent you by airmail some samples. We are sure after you have studied them you are certain to agree that our products are excellent in quality and reasonable in price.(13)The profit margin for these products is so thin that any price reduction would make business transactions pointless.(14)We are not in a position to entertain business at your price, since it appears to be on the high sight.例1：报盘China National Textile Imp. & Exp. CorporationShanghai Home Textiles BranchShanghai, China25th July, 2010Vancouver Textile Corp.356 Madison StreetVancouver, CanadaGentlemen,We welcome you for your inquiry of 15th July and thank you for your interest in our export commodities. We are enclosing some copies of our illustrated catalogues and a price list giving the details you ask for. Also under separate cover, we are sending you some samples which will show you clearly the quality and craftsmanship. We trust that when you see them you will agree that our products appeal to the most selective buyer.We allow a proper discount according to the quantity ordered. As to the terms of payment we usually require letter of credit payable by sight draft.Thank you again for your interest in our products. We are looking forward to your order and you may be assured that it will receive our prompt and careful attention.Truly yours,例2：还盘A.B.Greenwood & Co., Ltd315 Lens RoadLondon, EnglandFebruary 24, 2010China National Import & Export Corp.TianjinChinaDear Sirs,We wish to thank you for your letter of the 20th Feb. Offering us 50 long tons of the captioned goods at USD 105.00 per long ton CIF London, usual terms.In reply, we very much regret to state that our end-users here find your price too high and out of line with the prevailing market level. Information indicates that the sugar of England market have been sold at the level of USD 98.00 per long ton.Such being the case, it is impossible for us to persuade our end-users to accept your price, as good of similar quality is easily obtainable at a much lower figure. Should you be prepared to reduce your limit by, say 8%, we might come to terms.It is in view of our long standing business relationship that we make you such a counter-offer. As the market is declining, we hope you will consider our counter-offer most favorably and fax us acceptance at your earliest convenience.We are anticipating your early reply.Yours faithfully,Exercises:中国A方，英国B方。

外贸英语函电范文(推荐十篇)外贸英语函电范文(篇一)Exporter Writes to Importer出口商给进口商的信(1)Dear Sirs,Your firm has been recommended to us by John Morris&Co., with whom we have done business for many years.We specialize in the exportation of Chinese Chemicals and Pharmaceuticals, which have enjoyed great popularity in world market. We enclose a copy of our catalogue for your reference and hope that you would contact us if any item is interesting to you.We hope you will give us an early reply.Yours faithfully,Notesin 专门(从事)，专门(经营)We specialize in the import an export of Arts and Crafts. 我们专门经营工艺品的进出口。

n. 常用复数，化工产品、化学制品 (=chemical products)n. 药品，药剂，成药great popularity 享有盛誉类似的表达方法有：The goods are most popular with our customers.The goods have commanded a good market.The goods are selling fast (or enjoy fast sales).The goods are universally acknowledged.The goods are unanimously acclaimed by our customers.“畅销品〞有如下表达法：ready seller;quick seller;quick-selling product.Judging from our experience in marketing our garden tools in Australia, we are rather confident that they will soon become quick-selling products in your market. 根据我们在澳大利亚销售园林工具的经验，我们相信这些产品将很快在你方市场上成为畅销品。

外贸英语函电与单证English for International Business Correspondence & Documents一、基本信息课程代码：b02221506课程学分：面向专业：电子商务、工商管理、物流管理、国际经济与贸易课程性质：学科基础必修课开课院系：商贸系使用教材：主教材：商务英语函电与单证杨乐梅编南开大学出版社第1版辅助教材：外贸函电与单证黄丽威编高等教育出版社第一版参考教材：国际商务函电刘惠玲等编对外经济贸易大学出版社第二版先修课程：国际贸易理论与实务并修课程：后续课程：二、课程简介《外贸英语函电与单证》以增强学生外贸英语交流能力为主旨，根据现代外贸英语函电的特点，结合外贸业务实际情况和需要，确定课文场景、业务环节，将信文与有关单证的学习合为一体，按照进出口业务各主要环节的顺序，较系统介绍了外贸英语函电、基本单证的写作特点与技巧。

通过此课程的学习使学生可以用英文方式描述货物进出口的业务流程、操作，能准确理解客户来电目的，并熟练回复，能够阅读、理解、起草、审核相关业务单证等，提高在国际商务活动中的运用英语进行交流的能力。

三、选课建议本课程适合对外贸易、商务英语、经济类本科专业学生选修。

四、课程基本要求通过此课程的学习1. 让学生能读懂并会写进出口业务中常用的英语函电如建立贸易关系、询盘、发盘、还盘、信用证修改、装运、保险、索赔与理赔函2. 能制作业务相关的单证如合同、发票、箱单、提单、保单、装箱单、产地证等，3. 能用英文商务函电和单证进行国际商务工作五、课程内容Unit One Business Letter Writing基本要求：通过本章学习，应准确掌握商务信函的基本格式；了解商务往来中的传真、信函、邮件格式的略微差异并区别运用。

教学内容:1.E-MAIL2.FAX3.LETTERPriciples of Business Letter WritingLayout of Business LettersEnvelopUnit Two Establishing Business Relations基本要求：通过本章学习掌握进出口业务中首次联系、建立贸易关系时起草相关信函的格式、主要内容以及注意事项，写出独具特色的首次沟通函。

BILL OF LADING P.167LADEN ON BOARD THE BESSELDateBy …………………………………ORIGINAL P.169广东外贸开发公司GUANGDONG FOREIGN TRADE IMPORT & EXPORT CORPORATION123 TIANHE ROAD. GUANGZHOW/P. R. CHINA商业发票COMMERCIAL INVOICE ORIGINALMessrs:RAIN DREANS I/E CORP INVOICE NO. GD-88987NO. 80, MOSQUE ROAD , GORAKANA, INVOICE DATE. DEC. 10,1997 MORATUWA. SRI LANKA S/C NO. : A97 -2360L/C NO. : CBCL34.152 Exporter:GUANGDONG FOREIGN TRADE IMPORT &EXPORT CORPORATION123 TIANHE ROAD. GUANGZHOU/P.R.CHINATransport details: Terms of payment: FROM GUANGZHOU PORTS TO BY L/CCOLOMBO BY VESSEL__________________________________________________________________ Marks &numbers Descrop. Of goods Quantity Unit price Amount __________________________________________________________________ENERGY SAVING LAMP CIF COLOMBO (INCOTERMS 1990)RAIN DREANS FCL-22 ELECTRIC ADAPTORSA97 – 2360 22W/B22 1 000OCS @USD8.00 USD8 000.00 COLOMBO FCL-32 ELECTRIC ADAPTORS32W/B22 2 000PCS @USD11.00 USD22 000.00……………………………………………………………………………………………………..3 000PCS USD30 000.00TOTAL QUANTITY: 3 000 PIECES PACKING: 300 CTNSTOTAL WEIGHT: N WT.: 4 500KGS G WT.: 5 400KGSTOTAL AMOUNT: US DOLLARS THIRTY THOUSAND ONLYGUANGDONG FOREIGN TRADE IMPORT &EXPORT CORPORATION123 TIANHE ROAD. GUANGZHOU/P.R.CHINALi Shaan (签名)广东外贸开发公司GUANGDONG FOREIGN TRADE IMPORT & EXPORT CORPORATION123 TIANHE ROAD. GUANGZHOW/P. R. CHINA装箱单PACKING LIST ORIGINAL Exporter: DATE : DEC.10,1997GUANGDONG FOREIGN TRADE IMPORT & INVOICE NO: GD - 88987EXPORT CORPORATION B/L NO. : GFT23556123 TIANHE ROAD. GUANGZHOU/P.R.CHINA S/C NO. : A97 - 2360L/C NO. :CBCL34.1520 Transport details:FROM GUANGZHOU PORTS TO COLOMBO PORTBY VESSEL_________________________________________________________________ 标记货名件数净重毛重尺码Marks & numbers Descrip. ofgoods Quantity N.W. G.W. MeasurementENERGY SAVING LAMPRAIN DREANS FCL-22 ELECTRIC ADAPTORSA97 – 2360 22W/B22 1 00CTS @15KGS @18KGS @(20×20×30)CM COLOMBO FCL-32 ELECTRIC ADAPTORS32W/B22 2 00CTS @15KGS @18KGS @(20×20×30)CM……………………………………………………………………………………………………..3 00CTS 4500KGS 5400KGS 3.6CBMSTOTAL QUANTITY: 3 000 PIECESTOTAL: THREE HUNDRED CARTONS ONLYGUANGDONG FOREIGN TRADE IMPORT &EXPORT CORPORATION123 TIANHE ROAD. GUANGZHOU/P.R.CHINA(签名)中保财产保险有限公司The people’s insurance (property) company of China,Ltd发票号码保险单号次Invoice No.: GD - 88987 Policy No. FC97 - 3491海洋货物运输保险单MARINE CARGO TRANSPORTATION INSURANCE POLICY被保险人:Insured: GUANGDONG FOREIGN TRADE IMPORT & EXPORT CORPORATION……………………………………………………………………This policy of Insurance witnesses that the People’s Insurance (Property) Company of China, Ltd. (herteinafter ca lled “The Company”), at the request of the Insured and in consideration of the agreed premium paid by the Insured, undertakes to insure the undermentioned goods in transportation subject to the conditions of this Policy as per the Clauses printed overleaf and other special clauses attacvhed hereon.Conditions Marks of GoodsCOVERING RISKS AS PER ‘INSTITUTE CARGO CLAUSES (A)’ RAIN DREANSAND ‘INSTITUTE WAR CLAUSES (CARGO)’ INCLUDING A97 – 2360WAREHOUSE TO WAREHOUSE CLAUSE UP TO FINAL COLOMBODESTINATION AT COLOMBO总保险金额Total Amount Insured: DOLLARS THIRTY-THREE THOUSAND ONLY保费Premium …...........载运工具.Per conveyance S.S. ...... 开航日期Slg. on or abt………PAID DIANG FENG V032 DEC.28,1997起运港From ………GUANGZHOU……….. 目的港To …………COLOMBO…………In the event of loss or damage which may result in a claim under this Policy, immediate notice must be given to the Company’s Agent as mentioned here under. Claims, if any, one of the Original Policy which has been issued in …TWO… Original(s) to gether with the relevant ducument shall be surrendered to the Company. If one of the Orilginal Policy has been accomplished, the others to be void.中保财产保险有限公司The people’s insurance (property) company of China,Ltd赔款偿付地点Claim payable at …………COLOMBO………………(一定是目的港或目的地)日期date ……DEC.28,1997………….在at ……GUANGZHOU………(投保地点和日期) 地址Address: ………………………………………………………………………..保险单背书:GUANGDONG FOREIGN TRADE IMPORT & EXPORT CORPORATION123 TIANHE ROAD. GUANGZHOU/P.R.CHINA凭COMMERCIAL BANK OF CEYLON LIMITEDDrawn under …………………………………………………………..信用证第号L/C No.CBCL134,1520………………………..日期年月日Dated……… NOV.18,1997……………………………….. (以上三项是出票依据)按息付款Payable with interest @…………% per annum号码汇票金额中国，广州年月日No…GD-88987….Exchange for…USD30 000.00….Guangzhou,China ………….19…..见票日后（本汇票之副本未付）付At …30 DAYS…….sight of this first of Exchange ( Second of exchange being unpaid)Pay to the order of……………BANK OF CHINA………………………….或其指定人金额The sum of………US DOLLARS THIRY THOUSAND ONLY……………………….………………………………………………………………………………………………………………此致To…COMMERCIAL BANK OF CEYLON LIMITED….(不能填错).GUANGDONG FOREILGN TRADE IMPORT& EXPORT CORPORATION123 TIANHE ROAD. GUANGZHOU/P.R.CHINA.(sign…….)..自编教材Enquiry询价（大意）我们知道贵司是出口商，欲购花生，今写信请你报我2006年一，二级各300公吨有竞争价，麻袋包装，每袋50公斤，五月份装运，我们通常的付款条件为即期信用证。

国际贸易单证学习 (1)国际贸易单证学习 (1)什么是国际贸易单证国际贸易单证是指在国际贸易中用来证明买卖双方权益、确认交易内容和完成交易支付的文件。

它是国际贸易中至关重要的一环，对于保证信用、减少风险、促进交易顺利进行起着至关重要的作用。

主要国际贸易单证类型1. 商业发票（Commercial Invoice）商业发票是国际贸易中最基本的单证之一，用于确认买卖双方关于商品的数量、价格、质量、品牌等商业条款。

商业发票通常包括卖方和买方的详细信息、商品描述、发货和付款方式等内容。

买卖双方在交易过程中会根据商业发票进行结算和支付。

2. 装箱单（Packing List）装箱单是描述货物装箱情况的单证，包括货物的详细描述、数量、重量、包装方式等信息。

装箱单通常由卖方提供给买方，买方可以根据装箱单来核实货物的数量和质量。

3. 提单（Bill of Lading）提单是海、陆、空运输中最常用的单据，用于确认货物的收发和所有权转移。

提单一般分为海运提单和空运提单。

海运提单由船公司或其代理商签发，记录货物从起运港到目的港的详细过程和相关信息。

空运提单由航空公司签发，在货物从起运机场到目的机场的过程中记录货物的相关信息。

提单对于买卖双方来说具有法律效力，是货物的所有权转移的依据。

4. 保险单（Insurance Policy）保险单用于购买货物运输保险，保护货物在运输过程中发生的潜在风险。

保险单涵盖了保险公司、被保险人、货物名称和数量、保险金额、费用等信息。

买卖双方在交易过程中可以根据保险单来确保货物的安全以及在风险发生时能够获得合理的赔偿。

5. 证书（Certificate）证书是针对特定商品的质量、卫生、安全等方面的认证文件。

根据不同的商品和国家的要求，证书种类繁多，包括质量证书、卫生证书、产地证书、采样证书等。

证书的目的是为了证明商品符合特定标准和要求，提高买卖双方对商品的信任度和交易的顺利进行。

国际贸易单证的重要性国际贸易单证的重要性不可忽视，它直接关系到交易的顺利进行和买卖双方的信任度。

外贸英语单证样式
外贸英语单证样式如下：
1、商业发票(COMMERCIAL INVOICE)：是卖方在发货时，向买方开立的发货价目清单，是对所装运货物及整个交易的总说明，并凭以向买方收取货款、清算债权债务。

它是进出口贸易结算中使用的最主要的单据之一。

2、形式发票(PROFORMA INVOICE)：形式发票，也称预开发票，是出口商应进口商的请求出具的，供进口商向本国贸易或外汇管理局等部门申请进口或批准给予支付外汇只用的非正式的参考性发票。

形式发票只是一张报价单或意向书，不能用于托收和议付。

3、包装单据(PACKING DOCUMENTS)：是记载或描述商品包装情况的单据，是对商业发票内容的重要补充。

4、运输单据(Transpotr Documents)：是承运人收到承载货物后签发的，表明货物已经装上运输工具或已将货物发运或者收妥货物待运的证明文件，是承运人与托运人(货主)之间的运输契约的证明。

外贸单证知识点总结第一章外贸单证的概念及作用1. 外贸单证的概念外贸单证是外贸交易中用以证明交易双方权利义务、履约情况以及获取货款的重要文件。

包括商业发票、提单、装箱单、保险单等多种单证。

2. 外贸单证的作用（1）证明货物的真实性和数量及质量（2）履行海关放行程序（3）实现货款的支付（4）用于向托运方和托运人进行结算（5）用于报关、投保、支付货款及办理货物的提单、装箱单等手续第二章外贸单证的种类及内容1. 商业发票商业发票是出口货物的开立方向进口货物的收到方所开立的关于货物买卖的证明文件。

商业发票是外贸单证中最重要、最基本的单证，它是报关的必备单据，也是信用证交单的基础。

商业发票关键信息：货物名称、规格型号、数量、价格、总值、付款条件等。

2. 提单提单是海运业务中的重要单证，主要是载明船舶的名称、货物的收发地点、货物的数量、质量、运费的支付、货运事项的约定等。

提单种类：海洋提单、空运提单、多式联运提单、铁路提单3. 装箱单装箱单是装运货物的详细记录，它是“空运货物装箱清单”的一部分，是国际空运的标准证明文件，包括出发地、目的地、总单号、卸载港、集装箱号、件数、毛重、体积等内容。

4. 保险单保险单是由出口商或外汇兑付自己（向其经营的贸易行为所相应的风险）的公司购买货物，并与货物的购销合同同步经不异期，按照商定的所述中规定的条件办理的保险单。

保险单主要内容：货物名称、数量、价值、保险金额、起运日期、保险标记与附加货运单证等。

第三章外贸单证的编制和操作1. 外贸单证的编制编制外贸单证应根据实际情况，包括合同内容、出口商品特性、贸易方式、交货期、付款方式等进行综合考虑，充分了解对方国家及地区的外贸法规政策，严格按照要求准备。

2. 外贸单证的操作流程（1）接到订单后，根据合同内容准备相应的单证（2）咨询公司或部门以确认客户需要哪些单证（3）准备单证前，留意进口国政府及银行及进口商要求相应的法律、银行条例和公司规定（4）编制单证，确认无误后发运货物，随后将单证一起寄出（5）及时通知出口商收到汇票或承兑汇票的情况（6）协助支付返点信用置的问题第四章外贸单证的注意事项1. 准确性外贸单证的准确性很重要，发运方应确保每一个单证内容都是准确的，否则可能导致货物被拒绝入境，或者影响货款的收取。

范文Dear Pater,Thank you for your inquiry.Here is Linia, from Beijing ABC IMP&EXP Co., Ltd, who offer high quality glass cup.Price : $2.25/piece FOB Tianjin, China.The price is just for reference, final price is based on the real quantity.Based on the advanced equipment, high technology, improved process, and professionalstaff, we are sure the quality is very good and stable, and supplier ability is enough.We sincerely want to make a long term relation with you.Hope we can have a happy and long term relation!Thanks & regardsLiniaSale ManagerBeijing ABC IMP&EXP Co., LtdTel: 86-010-27057xxx| Fax: 86-010-58675xxxEmail: liniaABC@Web: 报虚盘Dear Sirs,We are in receipt of your letter dated and appreciate very much your interest in our product. As requested, We are offering you the following subject to our final confirmation:Commodity:Specification:Quantity:Price:Shipment:Payment:As you know ,our stock is limited and the demand is brisk. Your early decision is necessary. We trust the above will be acceptable to you and await with keen interest your trail order.Yours sincerely,Tina ZhaoDear Sirs,Thank you for your letter of inquiring for our products.In order to start a concrete transaction between us, we take pleasure in offering you, subject to our final confirmation, 多少轮胎at USD / pet set ,FOB ////. Shipment will be effected within ////days after receipt of the confirmed, irrevocable L/C payable at sight in our favor for the full invoice value.As we received large number of orders from our clients, It is quite probable that our present stock may soon run out. This is an exceptional opportunity to purchase tires of high quality at the price we cannot repeat. We would suggest that you place your order with us at an early date.Sincerely yours,Tina Zhao实盘Dear Sirs,We have for acknowledgement you letter dated ////////requesting us to offer you our /////As requested, we submit to you firm offer on the following terms and conditions subject to your reply here by////////(subject to your reply reaching us with in ///days)CommodityGross weightNetweightPricePackingPaymentShipmentYour attention is drawn to the fact that there has been presently a large demand for our product in your market and the growing demand will result in increased price. [You may be aware that there has been a heavy demand for the above commodity. Therefore we are unable to hold the offer open for too long.] So , we trust that you will not overlook this opportunity and hope to receive your prompt order.Best regards,Tina ZhaoDear Sirs,Thank you for your letter of ///////.We are indeed sorry that you find our prices too high. Our quoted prices of the tires leave us with a small profit and if it were not for the regular orders we receive from a number of our customers, we could not have quoted for supplier even at those price.Our prices already make full allowance for large orders and, as I am sure you know, we operate in a highly competitive market in which we have been forced to cut our prices to the minimum. We wish we could lower the our prices but unfortunately we can not do so.We should welcome you as one of our customers and, despite our inability to offer you lower prices, we stillhope wemay receive an order from you..Faithful yours,Tina Zhao还盘counter-offersRequest for lower pricePayment D/P at sightAs an exceptional caseLong-term order regular orderIn view of 鉴于In view of friendly cooperation, we are prepared to accept payment by D/P at 60 days’ sight.We are prepared to accept payment of your trail order on D/P basis.As a special accommodation, we agree to your proposal and accept your payment by D/P at sight, but this should not be regarded as a precedent.D/P is applicable only if the amount involved for each transaction is less than 2000 dollars.We suggest payment by bill of exchange drawn on us at 60 days’ sight. Please let us know whether this is agreeable to you.It has been our usual practice to do business with payment by D/P at sight instead of by L/C. We should, therefore, like you to accept D/P terms for this transaction and for future ones.We regret that we could not ship the goods at the due course because of the delay of your L/C. Please attend this matter with all speed.Place an orderOrder sth from sbAn order for sthTo place/book an order for sth with sbOrder sheet/order form订单Place/ give / send an order下订单Accept/ enter/ receive/ take up/ confirm/ entertain/ close/ book an order接受订货Delay/ postpone an orderRevoke/ withdraw/cancel an order 取消订单Decline、refuse、turn down an orderCable/ telex/ fax/ verbal/ written orderInitial/ first/ fresh/ trail/ new orderOrder sth at a ///priceLarge/ heavy/ substantial/ important orderWe find both the quality and price are up to our expectations.Attractive price 诱人的价格Keen price 低廉的价格Moderate price 适中的价格，合理价格Rock-bottom price 最低价，底价Make the timely possible delivery及时交货You may rest assured that your order is ready for delivery.请放心，正在准备贵方订单的交货。

外贸单证与函电期末总结一、引言随着国际贸易的不断发展，外贸单证与函电在国际贸易中起到了至关重要的作用。

本文将对外贸单证与函电的概念、种类、使用方法以及注意事项进行总结与归纳，为从事国际贸易的人员提供参考和指导。

二、外贸单证1. 外贸单证的概念外贸单证是指在国际贸易中，买卖双方为了落实合同、履行贸易义务而交换的各种书面文件。

外贸单证的主要作用是确保买卖双方的交易顺利进行，减少交易风险。

2. 外贸单证的种类外贸单证主要分为商业发票、装箱单、提单、保险单和证书等几个方面。

(1) 商业发票商业发票是买卖双方之间交换的最基本的贸易凭证，表明了货物或服务的种类、数量、价格等信息。

(2) 装箱单装箱单是在装运货物前，货物供应商出具的一份清单，详细列明了每个箱子中所装载的货物的数量、重量等信息。

(3) 提单提单是指海运货物的装卸作业单据，证明了货物的所有权，并且是货物的承运人对买卖双方的交易的确认。

(4) 保险单保险单是买卖双方为货物投保而交换的凭证，保证了在货物运输过程中发生意外或损失时的损失赔偿。

(5) 证书证书是指买卖双方为了满足法律、质量、数量、原产地等方面的要求而交换的文件，包括目的地证书、质量证书、检验证书等。

3. 外贸单证的使用方法外贸单证的使用方法主要有两种，即传统的纸质单证和电子单证。

(1) 传统纸质单证传统纸质单证是指通过邮寄或快递方式将单证以实物形式寄送给买卖双方。

这种方式的优点是操作简单、便于查证，但缺点是耗时耗力，成本较高。

(2) 电子单证电子单证是指通过电子邮件、电子数据交换等电子方式交换的单证。

这种方式的优点是操作便捷、快速，同时减少了物流成本，但在使用过程中需要注意信息安全和可信度的问题。

三、函电1. 函电的概念函电是指买卖双方在国际贸易中为了统一、有效地沟通、交流和落实合同内容而使用的书信形式。

2. 函电的种类函电主要分为询盘函、报盘函、确认函、议付函和索赔函等几个方面。

(1) 询盘函询盘函是买方向卖方提出贸易询问的信函，内容包括产品名称、规格、数量、价格等。

外贸函电英语格式外贸英语函电范文：询价篇篇一cathay Business Machines Import & Export Corporation2023 Century Boulevard Pudong, Shanghai , ChinaTel：(021) Fax：(021)September 5, 20某某Universal Software, Inc.2468 Oak StreetSan Francisco en：From the latest issue of Computer World we have learned about your Business Guide software package for IBM-compatible PCs. We would like to find out more information about the package because we think it might be appropriate to the needs of our customers.Would you mind answering the following questions?1、 Is the program an integrated package, or does it come in several modules?2、 Can the user swith from function to funtion without down-loading?3、 Can the user customize the billing periods?4、 Is there any provision for security?5、 What is the price of the software?If you have a brochure that describes the package, we would appreciate you sending it along.Sincerely yours.SHEN Husheng（Mr.）Import Manager外贸英语函电范文：祝贺信篇篇二Dear Mr. / Ms,On the occasion of the 35th anniversary of your National Day, please accept our heartiest congratulations. May the trade connections between our countries continue to develop with each passing day!Yours faithfully尊敬的先生/小姐，值此国庆三十五周年之际，请接受我们最真诚的祝贺。