常⽤试剂----RaneyNiRaney Ni是有机合成中⾮常常见的⼀种催化剂，⼴泛应⽤与还原反应。
⿊⾊固体，不溶于有机溶剂和⽔，通常保存在⼄醇或⽔中，通常保存长时间后会失去氢⽓⽽活性降低，储存及使⽤时避免接触空⽓，切记不可⼲燥条件下暴露于空⽓中。
制备⽅法：Raney Ni的催化活性取决于制备⽅法的不同，如所⽤碱的浓度，反应时间，反应温度及洗涤条件等。
采⽤不同的制备条件，可以得到不同活性的有着不同⽤途的Raney Ni。
（通常⽤符号W 表⽰，数字1-7表⽰不同的标号）。
各种型号的Raney Ni中，W-2活性适中，制法也较为简便，能满⾜⼀般需要，使⽤较⼴泛。
W-4、W-7属于⾼活性雷尼镍，特别是W-6，适⽤于低温（100℃以下）、低压（5.88MPa以下）下的氢化反应，具有相当⾼的催化氢化活性。
后处理：Raney Ni催化的⼀些对⽔不敏感的反应，可以加⼊少量的⽔搅拌后投料，⼀些对⽔敏感的反应，⼀定要在反应瓶中充满惰性⽓体才能将催化剂⼀勺⼀勺的加⼊，切不可在称量纸上直接滑⼊，否则很容易摩擦起⽕。
反应结束后抽滤过程中，布⽒漏⽃的滤纸可以先⽤粉状⽆⽔硫酸钠或硅藻⼟压住，润湿，倒反应液过滤，若产品在硅藻⼟上的吸附性较强的话建议⽤⽆⽔硫酸钠。
抽滤时⼀定不能抽⼲，催化剂快要漏出液⾯时，要及时补加相应的溶剂或解除真空，以免催化剂和空⽓摩擦起⽕。
使⽤过的废弃的Raney Ni要分别放⼊实验室中专门的催化剂回收瓶中，沾有催化剂的滤纸，擦纸绝对不能扔进垃圾桶，要先⽤⽔浸泡再倒⼊专门的回收桶中。
试剂应⽤：⼀、腈还原制备胺腈可以催化加氢还原得到伯胺，催化加氢最为常⽤的催化剂为Ranney Ni, 在使⽤Ranney Ni 做催化剂加氢还原成胺时，若⽤⼄醇作溶剂时，⼀般需要加⼊氨⽔，主要由于在此条件下，有时有微量的⼄醇会氧化为⼄醛，其与产品发⽣还原胺化得到⼄基化的产物，加⼊氨⽔或液氨可抑制该副反应。
A mixture of the material (413 mg, 1.51 mmol), Raney nickel (413 mg) and ammonia (0.9 g) in methanol (20 mL) was hydrogenated under 340 KPa (50 psi) hydrogen overnight at room temperature. The mixture was filtered and the filtrate was concentrat- ed in vacuo. The residue was partitioned between ethyl acetate (50 mL) and water (40 mL) and the ethyl acetate extract was washed with brine (30 mL), dried (sodium sulfate) and concentrated in vacuo. The residue (400 mg) was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (100 g), eluting with 85: 15 ethyl acetate/methanol to yield the title compound as an oil (321 mg, 77% yield).The starting material (1.39 g, 3.1 mmol) was dissolved in ethanol and warmed to 55 °C before it was treated with Raney-nickel (1 mL slurry in water) followed by addition of hydrazine monohydrate (1.5 mL). The resulting mixture was allowed to stir at 55°C for 30 min or until the evolution of gas had stopped. The cooled reaction mixture was filtered through diatomaceous earth, rinsed with methanol and dichloro- methane. The filtrate was diluted with saturated sodium bicarbonate (50 ML) and extracted with dichloromethane (50 mL×3). The combined organic layers were dried with sodium sulfate and concentrated. Chromatography withNH4OH: MeOH: EtOAc (5:10:85) afforded the product (1.30 g, 93%yield).利⽤异丙醇作为氢供体，Raney Ni催化还原腈制备胺，【Synth. Commun. 2003, 33, 3373】⼆、硝基化合物Raney Ni加氢还原制备胺To a suspension of the above product (6.1 g, 29.6 mmol) in ethanol (170 mL) wasadded Raney nickel (0.5 g) and the resultant mixture was hydrogenated at ambient pressureuntil the hydrogen uptake had ceased. Filtration through celite and evaporation of the solvent from the filtrate left the desired product, quantitatively.To the starting material (1.00 g, 5.88 mmol) and NaOH (0.235 g (5.88 mmol) in 5 mL of ethanol, 0.40 g of Raney nickel were added to stir the mixture under hydrogen atmosphere at 20.deg. C. for 12 hours. The catalyst was filtered off, and then the filtrate was poured into 33percentHCl/isopropanol (5.0 mL) below 20.deg. C. The reaction mixture was evaporated to dryness to give crude crystal. The crude crystal was suspended in toluene (5.0 mL) and to the suspension was introduced NH3 gas to stir at 20.deg. C. for 12 hours. The precipitate was filtered off and the filtrate was evaporated to afford 716 mg of the desired compound (Yield:86.9%).三、Raney Ni催化剂催化加氢还原叠氮化合物制备胺The material (21.7 g, 74.5 mmols) was dissolved in methanol (325 mL). Triethyl- amine (9.5 mL) and subsequently hydrazine hydrate (13.5 mL) was added. Then 10 g of raney-nickel was added portionwise to the reaction solution under agitation at room temperature. After three hours, the addition of raney-nickel is completed, the reaction mixture is agitated for another one hour, then the raney-nickel is filtered off. The filtrate was evaporated under vacuum, the residue was dissolved in methylene chloride and the solution is washed with water and sodium chloride solution (10%). Subsequently, the organic phase was dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and evaporated. 17.1 g of the product was obtained.Its dihydrochloride has a melting point of 209~213 °C.四、脱硫反应Raney Ni⾮常重要的⼀个应⽤就是脱硫，可以⽤于硫代缩醛，硫酚，硫醚，亚砜，砜，硫代酮，硫代酯等各种含硫化合物的脱硫反应。
