高级英语修辞总结

高级英语修辞总结HUA system office room 【HUA16H-TTMS2A-HUAS8Q8-HUAH1688】Rhetorical Devices一、明喻（simile）是以两种具有相同特征的事物和现象进行对比，表明本体和喻体之间的相似关系，两者都在对比中出现。

常用比喻词like, as, as if, as though等，例如：1、This elephant is like a snake as anybody can see.这头象和任何人见到的一样像一条蛇。

2、He looked as if he had just stepped out of my book of fairytales and had passed me like a spirit.他看上去好像刚从我的童话故事书中走出来，像幽灵一样从我身旁走过去。

3、It has long leaves that sway in the wind like slim fingers reaching to touch something.它那长长的叶子在风中摆动，好像伸出纤细的手指去触摸什么东西似的。

二、隐喻（metaphor）这种比喻不通过比喻词进行，而是直接将用事物当作乙事物来描写，甲乙两事物之间的联系和相似之处是暗含的。

1、German guns and German planes rained down bombs, shells and bullets...德国人的枪炮和飞机将炸弹、炮弹和子弹像暴雨一样倾泻下来。

2、The diamond department was the heart and center of the store.钻石部是商店的心脏和核心。

三、Allusion（暗引）其特点是不注明来源和出处，一般多引用人们熟知的关键词或词组，将其融合编织在作者的话语中。

引用的东西包括典故、谚语、成语、格言和俗语等。

高英修辞Lesson 11. Wind and rain now wiped the house. ----metaphor(暗喻)2. The children went from adult to adult like buckets in a fire brigade. ----simile (明喻)3. The wind sounded like the roar of a train passing a few yards away. -----simile4. …it seized a 600,00 gallon Gulfport oil tank and dumped it 3.5 miles away. ----personification(拟人)5. Rcihelieu Apartments were smashed apart as if by a gigantic fist, and 26 people perished. ---- …the6. We can batten down and ride it out. -----metaphor7. Everybody out the back door to the cars!—ellipsis (省略)8. Telephone poles and 20-inch-thick pines cracked like guns as the winds snapped them. -----simile9. Several vacationers at the luxurious Richelieu Apartments there held a hurricane party to watch the storm from their spectacular vantage point-----transferred epithet移就10. Strips of clothing festooned the standing trees, and blown down power lines coiled like black spaghetti over the roads----metaphor; simile Lesson 41.United, there is little we cannot do in a host of co-operativeventures. Divided, there is little we can do, for we dare not meet a power full challenge at odds and split asunder.—antithesis2.Let us never negotiate out of fear, but let us never fear to negotiate.—regression (回环:A-B-C)3.All this will not be finished in the first one hundred days.—allusion 引典; climax递进4. And so, my fellow Americans ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your country.—antithesis, regression回环5.We observe today not a victory of party but a celebration of freedom, symbolizing an end as well as a beginning, signifying renewal as well as change. ----parallelism6.Let the word go forth from this time and place, to friend and foe alike….—alliteration7.Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or i11, that we shall pay any price, bear any burden meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe to assure the survival and the success of liberty. ----parallelism; alliteration8.United, there is little we cannot do in a host of co-operative ventures. Divided, there is little we can do, for we dare not meet a powerful challenge at odds and split asunder. ----antithesis对句9.If a free society cannot help the many who are poor, it cannot savethe few who are rich. -----antithesis10. …to assist free men and free governments in casting off the chains of poverty. ---repetition11. And if a beachhead of co-operation may push back the jungle of suspicion…----metaphor12. Let both sides explore what problems unite us instead of belaboring those problems which divide us -----antithesis13.And let every other power know that this hemisphere intends to remain the master of its own house.-----metaphor14. The energy, the faith, the devotion which we bring to this endeavor will light our country and all who serve it, and the glow from that fire can truly light the world. -----extended metaphor15. …to strengthen its shield of the new and the weak…----metaphor16.With a good conscience our only sure reward, with history the final judge of our deeds -----parallelismLesson101.The slightest mention of the decade brings nostalgic recollections to the middle-aged and curious questionings by the young: memories of the deliciously illicit thrill of the first visit to a speakeasy, of the brave denunciation of Puritan morality, and of the fashionable experimentations in amour in the parked sedan on a country road; questions about thenaughty, jazzy parties, the flask-toting”sheik”, and the moral and stylistic vagaries of the “flapper”and the “drug-store cowboy”.—transferred epithet2. Second, in the United States it was reluctantly realized by some—subconsciously if not openly—that our country was no longer isolated in either politics or tradition and that we had reached an international stature that would forever prevent us from retreating behind the artificial walls of a provincial morality or the geographical protection of our two bordering oceans.—metaphor3.War or no war, as the generations passed, it became increasingly difficult for our young people to accept standards of behavior that bore no relationship to the bustling business medium in which they were expected to battle for success.—metaphor4.The war acted merely as a catalytic agent in this breakdown of the Victorian social structure, and by precipitation our young people into a pattern of mass murder it released their inhibited violent energies which, after the shooting was over, were turned in both Europe and America to the destruction of an obsolescent nineteenth century society.—metaphor5.The prolonged stalemate of 1915-1916,the increasing insolence of Germany toward the United States, and our official reluctance to declare our status as a belligerent were intolerable to many of our idealistic citizens, and with typical American adventurousness enhanced somewhatby the strenuous jingoism of Theodore Roosevelt, our young men began to enlist under foreign flags.—metonymy6.Their energies had been whipped up and their naive destroyed by the war and now, in sleepy Gopher Prairies all over the country, they were being asked to curb those energies and resume the pose of self-deceiving Victorian innocence that they now felt to be as outmoded as the notion that their fighting had “made the world safe for democracy”.—metaphor7.After the war, it was only natural that hopeful young writers, their minds and pens inflamed against war, Babbittry, and”Puritanical”gentility, should flock to the traditional artistic center(where living was still cheap in 1919)to pour out their new-found creative strength, to tear down the old world, to flout ht morality of their grandfathers, and to give all to art, love, and sensation.—metonymy synecdoche8. Younger brothers and sisters of the war generation, who had been playing with marbles and dolls during the battles of Belleau Wood and Chateau-Thierry, and who had suffered no real disillusionment or sense of loss, now began to imitate the manners of their elders and play with the toys of vulgar rebellion.—metaphor9.These defects would disappear if only creative art were allowed to show the way to better things, but since the country was blind and deaf to everything save the glint and ring of the dollar, there was little remedy for the sensitive mind but to emigrate to Europe where”they do things精品文库better.”—personification, metonymy ,synecdoche。

一、词语修辞格（1）simile 明喻①...a memory that seemed phonographic②“Mama,” Wangero said sweet as a bird .“can I have these old quilts?”③Most American remember M. T. as the father of...④Hair is all over his head a foot long and hanging from his chin like a kinky mule tail.⑤Impressed with her they worshiped the well-turned phrase, the cute shape, the scalding humor that erupted like bubbles in lye.⑥My skin is like an uncooked barley pancake.⑦She gasped like a bee had stung her.（2）metaphor 暗喻①It is a vast, sombre cavern of a room,…②Little donkeys with harmoniously tinkling bells thread their way among the throngs of people entering and leaving the bazaar. ③The dye-market, the pottery market and the carpenters’ market lie elsewhere in the maze of vaulted streets which honeycomb the bazaar. A④the last this intermezzo came to an end…⑤…showing just enough of her thin body enveloped in pink skirt and red blouse…⑥After I tripped over it two or three times he told me …⑦Mark Twain --- Mirror of America⑧saw clearly ahead a black wall of night...⑨main artery of transportation in the young nation's heart⑩All would resurface in his books...that he soaked up...⑪When railroads began drying up the demand...⑫...the epidemic of gold and silver fever...⑬Twain began digging his way to regional fame...⑭Mark Twain honed and experimented with his new writing muscles...⑮The Duchess of Croydon kept firm, tight rein on her racing mind.⑯Her voice was a whiplash.⑰and launch this cataract of horrors upon mankind…⑱But all this fades away before the spectacle which is now unfolding.⑲I see the German bombers and fighters in the sky, still smarting from many a British whipping, delighted to find what they believe is an easier and a safer prey.⑳I see the Russian soldiers standing on the thresthold of their native land, guarding the fields which their fathers have tilled from time immemorial.21The Nazi regime is devoid of all theme and principle except appetite and racial domination.22I suppose they will be rounded up in hordes.23We shall fight him by land, we shall fight him by sea, we shall fight him in the air, until, with God’s help, we have rid the earth of his shadow and liberated its peoples from his yoke.（3）metonymy 借代，转喻①In short, all of these publications are written in the language that the Third International describes②The Washington Post, in an editorial captioned "Keep Your Old Webster's"（4）synecdoche 提喻①The case had erupted round my head②The case had erupted round my head Or what of those sheets and jets of air that are now being used, in place of old-fashioned oak and hinges ...③But neither his vanity nor his purse is any concern of the dictionary's（5）personification 拟人①…until you round a corner and see a fairyland of dancing flashes…②Every here and there, a doorway gives a glimpse of a sunlit courtyard, perhaps before a mosque or a caravanserai, where camels lie disdainfully chewing their hay…③...to literature's enduring gratitude...④The grave world smiles as usual...⑤Bitterness fed on the man...⑥America laughed with him.⑦Personal tragedy haunted his entire life.（6）transferred epithet 移就①Darrow had whispered throwing a reassuring arm round my shoulder②The obese body shook in an appreciative chuckle.③Two high points of color appeared in the paleness of the Duchess of Croydon’s cheeks.④I have been exhilarated by two days of storms, but above all I love these long purposeless days in which I shed all that I have ever been. (V. Sackville-West, No Signposts in the Sea)（7）hyperbole 夸张①The roadway is about twelve feet wide, but it is narrowed every few yards by little stalls where goods of every conceivable kind are sold.②I feel my whole face warming from the heat waves it throws out.③If Hitler invaded Hell and would make at least a favorable reference to the Devil in the House of Commons.④I see the ten thousand villages of Russia where the means of existence is wrung so hardly from the soil, but where there are still primordial human joys, where maidens laugh and children play. ⑤...cruise through eternal boyhood and ...endless summer of freedom...⑥The cast of characters... - a cosmos.⑦America laughed with him.⑧The trial that rocked the world⑨His reputation as an authority on Scripture is recognized throughout the world."（8）oxymoron 矛盾修饰法Dudley Field Malene called my conviction a, "victorious defeat. " （9）euphemism 委婉语①… a motley band of Confederate g uerrillas who diligently avoided contact with the enemy.②...men's final release from earthly struggle（10）irony -- the use of words to express something different from and often opposite to their literal meaning. 反语用词语表达与它们的字面意思相异或相反的用法①Hiroshima—the “liveliest” city in Japan②“Maggie’s brain is like an elephant’s”. Wangero said, laughing .③… until we are marching backwards to the glorious age of the sixteenth century（11）sarcasm -- a cutting, often ironic remark intended to wound. 讽刺，挖苦意在伤害他人的尖刻的，常带讽刺意味的话语①My friend the attorney-general says that John Scopes knows what he is here for," Darrow drawled. "I know what he is here for, too. He is here because ignorance and bigotry(顽固) are, and it is a mighty strong combination.②There is some doubt about that.③a concept of how things get written that throws very little light on Lincoln but a great deal on Life④the Post’ s editorial fails to explain what is wrong with the definition, we can only infer from "so simple" a thing that the writer takes the plain, downright, man-in-the-street attitude that adoor is a door and any damn fool knows that（12）ridicule（嘲笑）Words or actions intended to evoke contemptuous laughter at or feelings toward a person or thing 愚弄有意激起对某人或某事的蔑视的笑或看不起的感情而说的话或做的事①Bryan, ageing and paunchy, was assisted②Resolutely he strode to the stand, carrying a palm fan like a sword to repel his enemies.③Bryan mopped his bald dome in silence.（13）pun 双关①DARWIN IS RIGHT – INSIDE.②Benjamin Franklin: “If we don’t hang together, we shall most assuredly hang separately.” (Peter stone and Sherman Edwards. 1776) 如果我们不能紧密地团结在一起，那就必然分散地走上绞刑架。

一．词语修辞格(1) simile 明喻它根据人们的联想，利用不同事物之间的相似点，借助比喻词(如like，as等)起连接作用，清楚地说明甲事物在某方面像乙事物I wandered lonely as a cloud. ( W. Wordsworth: The Daffodils ) 我像一朵浮云独自漫游。

They are as like as two peas. 他们两个长得一模一样。

His young daughter looks as red as a rose. 他的小女儿面庞红得象朵玫瑰花。

①―Mama,‖ Wangero said sweet as a bird . ―C an I have these old quilts?‖②Hair is all over his head a foot long and hanging from his chin like a kinky mule tail.③My skin is like an uncooked（未煮过的）barley pancake.④The oratorial（雄辩的）storm that Clarence Darrow and Dudley Field Malone blew up in the little court in Dayton swept like a fresh wind though the schools…⑤I see also the dull（迟钝的）, drilled（训练有素的）, docile（易驯服的）, brutish （粗野的）masses of the Hun soldiery plodding（沉重缓慢地走）on like a swarm（群）of crawling locusts（蝗虫）.（2）metaphor 暗喻暗含的比喻。

A是B或B就是A。

All the world’s a stage, and all the men and women merely players演员. ( William Shakespeare )整个世界是座舞台，男男女女，演员而已。

高级英语中的修辞手法总结带课文中例句
高级英语中常见的修辞手法包括：
1. 隐喻（Metaphor）：隐喻是一种不直接说明事物，而是通过比较或比喻来暗示某一事物的修辞手法。

例如，“爱情是一座城堡，每个人都在寻找自己的归属”（隐喻，将爱情比喻为城堡）。

2. 反讽（Irony）：反讽是一种表面说一套，实际上表达的却是与字面意思
相反的修辞手法。

例如，“我很喜欢去健身房锻炼，只是我的床喜欢把我困住”（反讽，表达的是作者不想去健身房）。

3. 排比（Parallelism）：排比是一种通过使用结构相似的句式来表达相近
或相同意思的修辞手法。

例如，“他跳得高，跑得快，游得远”（排比，强调他各方面都很优秀）。

4. 拟人（Personification）：拟人是一种将非人类事物赋予人类特性的修辞手法。

例如，“月亮害羞地躲进了云层里”（拟人，将月亮人格化）。

5. 夸张（Hyperbole）：夸张是一种通过夸大或缩小事物来表达强烈情感的修辞手法。

例如，“他高兴得像中了彩票一样”（夸张，强调他非常高兴）。

以上是高级英语中常见的修辞手法及例句，希望对你有所帮助。

11. There is a mixture of the tiger and the ape in the character of a Frenchman. synecdoche
'Both'一词一语双关，既指拿破仑和这位士兵都是疯子，又指这位战士参加过拿破仑指挥的两次战役。
九、拟声（onomatopoeia）是摹仿自然界中非语言的声音，其发音和所描写的事物的声音很相似，使语言 显得生动，富有表现力。
1、On the root of the school house some pigeons were softly cooing.
2、... Because good technique in medicine and surgery means more quickly—cured patients, less pain, less discomfort, less death, less disease and less deformity.
the wit and learning=the wise and learned scholars
4)以具体代表抽象 the concrete for the abstract
There is a mixture of the tiger and the ape in the character of a Frenchman.
用senior citizens代替old people
用 a slow learner或者an under achiever代替a stupid pupil
用weight watcher代替 fat people
用mental hospital 代替 madhouse或者 asylum

高级英语第一册修辞Mixed metaphor Metaphors(隐喻) Alliteration(首韵) Simile(明喻）Transferred epithet(移就）Synecdoche(题喻) Antithesis(对照）Parallelism(排比）Repetition(重复）Metonymy(借代）Personification(拟人）Euphemism（夸张）Lesson71. who ever know a Johnson with a quick tongue? （metaphor）2. She was determined to .....any disaster in her effort. (Personification)3. She put on some sunglasses.....of her nose and her chin.(Hyperbole夸张）4. ....perhaps a dog run over by ......enough to be kind of him.（Analogy类比）5. ....chin on chest,eyes on ground, feet in shuttle.(Hyperbole夸张）1. And she stops and tries to dig a well in the sand with her toe. (exaggeration)2. I feel my whole face warming from the heat waves it throws out .(exaggeration)3.“Maggie’s brain is like an elephant’s”.Wangero said ,laughing .(ironic)4.You did not even have to look close to see where hands pushing the dasher up anddown to make butter had left a kind of sink in the wood .(metaphor)5.“Mama,”Wangero said sweet as a bird .“can I have these old quilts?”(simile)Lesson141.It excel all forms of human wickedness...ferocious aggression (Hyperbole, paradox)2.But can you dout what our policy will be ? （rhetorical question）3.We have rid the earth of his shadow....from his yoke.(metaphor)4.Any man or states who fight on against ....will have our aid.(Antithesis)5.It is not for me to ...,but this i will say ...(inversion)6.With its clanking (onomatopoeia) , hell-clicking （assonance）7.Churchill ,he reverted to this theme, and I asked whether for him, the archanti-communist ,this was not bowing down in the House of common.(metaphor)8.If Hitler invaded Hell and would make at least a favorable reference to the Devil inthe House of Commons.(exaggeration)9.I see the Russian soldiers standing on the threshold of their native land ,guardingthe fields which their fathers have tilled from time immemorial.(Metaphor)10.I see the German bombers and fighters in the sky ,street smarting from many aBritish whipping to find what they believe is an easier and a safer prey.(assonance,periodic)11.We will never parley; we will never negotiate with Hitler or any of his gang. Weshall fight him by land, we shall fight him by sea, we shall fight him in the air.(Parallelism)12. But all this fades away before the spectacle which is now unfolding.(metaphor)13. After I tripped over it two or three times he told me to just call himHakim-a-barber .(metaphor)第二册Rhetorical：Lesson11 The fact that their marriages may be on the rocks,or that their love affairs have been broken or even that they got out of bed on the wrong side is simply not a concern.—metaphor,pun2 They are like the musketeers of Dumas who,although they lived side by side with each other,did not delve into,each other’s lives or the recesses of their thoughts and feeli ngs.—simile3 The Elizabethans blew on it as on a dandelion clock,and its seeds multiplied, and floated to the ends of the earth.—simile4 Even with the most educated and the most literate,the King’s English slips and slides in conversation.—metaphor ,alliteration5 When E.M.Forster writes of “the sinister corridor of our age,”we sit up at the vividness of the phrase,the force and even terror in the image.—metaphor6. … and no one has any idea where it will go as it meanders or leaps and sparkles or just gl ows. ---mixed-metaphor or metaphor7. The glow of the conversation burst into flames. ----metaphor8. I have an unending love affairs with dictionaries -----metaphor9. The conversation was on wings. ----metaphor10. The bother about teaching chimpanzees how to talk is that they will probably try to talk sense and so ruin all conversation. -----sarcasm反讽11. perhaps it is my upbring in english.....has a charm of its own-metaphor, exaggeration12. Is the phrase in Shakespeare? ----metonymy13. … that suddenl y the alchemy of conversation took place, and all at once there was a focus. ----metaphorLesson21 . Are they really the same flesh as you self ? (synecdoche, rhetorical question)2 A carpenter sitscross-legged at a prehistoric lathe,turning chair-legs at lightning speed.—Hyperbol3 Still,a white skin is always fairly conspicuous.—synecdoche4 And really it was like watching a flock of cattle to see the long column,a mile or two miles of armed men,flowing peacefully up the road,while the great white birds drifted over them in the opposite direction,glittering like scraps of paper.—simile5.Instantly, from the dark holes all round, there was a frenzied rush of Jews, many of them oldgrandfathers with flowing grey beards, all clamoring for a cigarette. -----transferred epithet6.If he calls himself a socialist thinks ahen he sees a black army marching past.(irony)1. The burying-ground is merely a huge waste of hummocky earth, like a derelict building-lot. -----simile2. They rise out of the earth, they sweat and starve for a few years, and then they sink back intothe nameless mounds of the graveyard and nobody notices that they are gone. -----alliteration3. ..and sore-eyed children cluster everywhere in unbelievable numbers, like clouds of flies. ----simile4. As the storks flew northward the Negroes were marching southward—a long,dusty column,infantry,screw-gun batteries,and then more infantry,four or five thousand men in all,winding up the road with a clumping of boots and a clatter of iron wheels.—onomatopoetic words symbolism5 Not hostile,not contemptuous,not sullen,not even inquisitive.—elliptical sentence6. This wretched boy, who is a French citizen and has therefore been dragged from the forest to scrub floors and catch syphilis in garrison towns, actually has feelings of reverence before a white skin. —-synecdoche提喻Lesson31 But this peaceful revolution of hope can’t became the prey of hostile power- metaphor2 Let every nation know,whether it wishes us well or ill,that we shall pay any price,bear anyburden,meet any hardship,support any friend,oppose any foe to assure the survival and the successof liberty.—parataxis consonance3 United,there is little we cannot do in a host of co-operative ventures.Divided,there is little wecan do,for we dare not meet a powerful challenge at odds and split asunder.—antithesis4 Let us never negotiate out of fear,but let us never fear to negotiate.—antithesis,5 All this will not be finished in the first one hundred days.—historical allusion,climax6 And so,my fellow Americans ask not what your country can do for you;ask what you can do for your country.—antithesis7 If a free society cannot help the many who are poor, it cannot save the few who are rich. -----antithesis8 And if a beachhead of co-operation m ay push back the jungle of suspicion…-----metaphor9 And let every other power know that this hemisphere intends to remain the master of its own house. -----metaphor10 The energy, the faith, the devotion which we bring to this endeavor will light our country and all who serve it, and the glow from that fire can truly light the world. -----extended metaphor1…in the past,those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended up inside.—metaphor2 We observe today not a victory of party but a celebration of freedom, symbolizing an end as well as a beginning, signifying renewal as well as change. ----parallelism3 Let both sides explore what problems unite us instead of belaboring those problems which divide us. -----antithesisWith a good cons cience our only sure reward, with history the final judge of our deeds… -----parallelism。

英语修辞手法1.Simile 明喻明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比.这种共性存在于人们的心里，而不是事物的自然属性.标志词常用like, as, seem, as if，as though, similar to, such as等.例如:1>。

He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow.2>。

I wandered lonely as a cloud。

3〉。

Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale。

2.Metaphor 隐喻,暗喻隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物，通过比较形成.例如：1>。

Hope is a good breakfast，but it is a bad supper.2>。

Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed anddigested。

3.Metonymy 借喻,转喻借喻不直接说出所要说的事物，而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称。

I。

以容器代替内容，例如:1〉.The kettle boils. 水开了。

2〉.The room sat silent。

全屋人安静地坐着。

II.以资料.工具代替事物的名称，例如:Lend me your ears，please。

请听我说。

III.以作者代替作品,例如:a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集VI.以具体事物代替抽象概念，例如:I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. 我有力气，他们就用我的力气赚钱.4.Synecdoche 提喻提喻用部分代替全体，或用全体代替部分，或特殊代替一般.例如:1〉.There are about 100 hands working in his factory.(部分代整体)他的厂里约有100名工人。

一、词语修辞格（1）simile 明喻① ...a memory that seemed phonographic②“Mama,” Wangero said sweet as a bird .“can I have these old quilts?”③Most American remember M. T. as the father of...④Hair is all over his head a foot long and hanging from his chin like a kinky mule tail.⑤Impressed with her they worshiped the well-turned phrase, the cute shape, the scalding humor that erupted like bubbles in lye.⑥My skin is like an uncooked barley pancake.⑦She gasped like a bee had stung her.（2）metaphor 暗喻①It is a vast, sombre cavern of a room,…②Little donkeys with harmoniously tinkling bells thread their way among the throngs of people entering and leaving the bazaar.③The dye-market, the pottery market and the carpenters’ market lie elsewhere in the maze of vaulted streets which honeycomb the bazaar. A④the last this intermezzo came to an end…⑤…showing just enough of her thin body enveloped in pink skirt and red blouse…⑥After I tripped over it two or three times he told me …⑦Mark Twain --- Mirror of America⑧saw clearly ahead a black wall of night...⑨main artery of transportation in the young nation's heart⑩All would resurface in his books...that he soaked up...⑪When railroads began drying up the demand...⑫...the epidemic of gold and silver fever...⑬Twain began digging his way to regional fame...⑭Mark Twain honed and experimented with his new writing muscles... ⑮The Duchess of Croydon kept firm, tight rein on her racing mind.⑯Her voice was a whiplash.⑰and launch this cataract of horrors upon mankind…⑱But all this fades away before the spectacle which is now unfolding. ⑲I see the German bombers and fighters in the sky, still smarting from many a British whipping, delighted to find what they believe is an easier and a safer prey.⑳I see the Russian soldiers standing on the thresthold of their native land, guarding the fields which their fathers have tilled from time immemorial.21The Nazi regime is devoid of all theme and principle except appetite and racial domination.22I suppose they will be rounded up in hordes.23We shall fight him by land, we shall fight him by sea, we shall fight him in the air, until, with God’s help, we have rid the earth of his shadow and liberated its peoples from his yoke.（3）metonymy 借代，转喻①In short, all of these publications are written in the language that the Third International describes ②The Washington Post, in an editorial captioned "Keep Your Old Webster's"（4）synecdoche 提喻①The case had erupted round my head②The case had erupted round my head Or what of those sheets and jets of air that are now being used, in place of old-fashioned oak and hinges ...③But neither his vanity nor his purse is any concern of the dictionary's （5）personification 拟人①…until you round a corner and see a fairyland of dancing flashes…②Every here and there, a doorway gives a glimpse of a sunlit courtyard, perhaps before a mosque or a caravanserai, where camels lie disdainfully chewing their hay…③...to literature's enduring gratitude...④The grave world smiles as usual...⑤Bitterness fed on the man...⑥America laughed with him.⑦Personal tragedy haunted his entire life.（6）transferred epithet 移就①Darrow had whispered throwing a reassuring arm round my shoulder②The obese body shook in an appreciative chuckle.③Two high points of color appeared in the paleness of the Duchess of Croydon’s cheeks.④I have been exhilarated by two days of storms, but above all I love these long purposeless days in which I shed all that I have ever been. (V. Sackville-West, No Signposts in the Sea)（7）hyperbole 夸张①The roadway is about twelve feet wide, but it is narrowed every few yards by little stalls where goods of every conceivable kind are sold.②I feel my whole face warming from the heat waves it throws out.③If Hitler invaded Hell and would make at least a favorable reference to the Devil in the House of Commons.④I see the ten thousand villages of Russia where the means of existence is wrung so hardly from the soil, but where there are still primordial human joys, where maidens laugh and children play.⑤...cruise through eternal boyhood and ...endless summer of freedom...⑥The cast of characters... - a cosmos.⑦America laughed with him.⑧The trial that rocked the world⑨His reputation as an authority on Scripture is recognized throughout the world."（8）oxymoron 矛盾修饰法Dudley Field Malene called my conviction a, "victorious defeat. "（9）euphemism 委婉语①…a motley band of Confederate guerrillas who diligently avoided contact with the enemy.②...men's final release from earthly struggle（10）irony -- the use of words to express something different from and often opposite to their literal meaning. 反语用词语表达与它们的字面意思相异或相反的用法①Hiroshima—the “liveliest” city in Japan②“Maggie’s brain is like an elephant’s”. Wangero said, laughing .③…until we are marching backwards to the glorious age of the sixteenth century（11）sarcasm -- a cutting, often ironic remark intended to wound. 讽刺，挖苦意在伤害他人的尖刻的，常带讽刺意味的话语①My friend the attorney-general says that John Scopes knows what he is here for," Darrow drawled. "I know what he is here for, too. He is here because ignorance and bigotry(顽固) are, and it is a mighty strong combination.②There is some doubt about that.③ a concept of how things get written that throws very little light on Lincoln but a great deal on Life ④the Post’ s editorial fails to explain what is wrong with the definition, we can only infer from "so simple" a thing that the writer takes the plain, downright, man-in-the-street attitude that a door is a door and any damn fool knows that（12）ridicule（嘲笑）Words or actions intended to evoke contemptuous laughter at or feelings toward a person or thing 愚弄有意激起对某人或某事的蔑视的笑或看不起的感情而说的话或做的事①Bryan, ageing and paunchy, was assisted②Resolutely he strode to the stand, carrying a palm fan like a sword to repel his enemies.③Bryan mopped his bald dome in silence.（13）pun 双关①DARWIN IS RIGHT – INSIDE.②Benjamin Franklin: “If we don’t hang together, we shall most assuredly hang separately.” (Peter stone and Sherman Edwards. 1776) 如果我们不能紧密地团结在一起，那就必然分散地走上绞刑架。

高级英语修辞手法总结归纳修辞是语言使用中的重要技巧，通过巧妙运用各种修辞手法，能使语言表达更为生动、有力或富有韵味。

以下是对常见的高级英语修辞手法的总结归纳：一、隐喻与明喻隐喻是将一个词或短语用来暗示另一个事物，而明喻则是直接将一个事物与另一个事物进行比较。

例如，“他像一只狮子一样勇猛”（明喻）和“爱情是一座城堡”（隐喻）。

二、拟人及拟物拟人是赋予非生物或抽象事物以人的特性，而拟物则是赋予人或动物以非生物的特性。

例如，“河流唱着轻快的歌曲”（拟人）和“他的怒火如野兽般狂暴”（拟物）。

三、排比与对偶排比是将三个或以上结构相似、意义相近的词、短语或句子并列使用，以增强语势。

对偶则是将意义相对或相反的词、短语或句子进行对比，以突出主题。

例如，“生命在于运动，死亡在于静止”（对偶）和“他跨越了山岭，穿越了沙漠，走过了平原”（排比）。

四、反复与交错反复是将相同的词、短语或句子重复使用，以强调某种情感或主题。

交错则是将不同的词、短语或句子相互交替使用，以达到特定的表达效果。

例如，“永远、永远、永远不要放弃”（反复）和“是与否，对与错”（交错）。

五、借代与提喻借代是用一个事物的某一部分来代替整体或其他部分，而提喻则是用整体来代替某一部分或用类属来代替个体。

例如，“我要用笔墨写下永恒”（借代）和“人是一本书”（提喻）。

六、反讽与戏谑反讽是通过说反话或正话反说来达到讽刺的效果，戏谑则是用幽默诙谐的语言来戏弄或嘲笑某人或某事。

例如，“他是一个天生的傻瓜”（反讽）和“爱情是人生的蜜糖”（戏谑）。

七、矛盾修辞法矛盾修辞法是将相互矛盾的概念或形象结合在一起，以引起读者的思考或表达复杂的情感。

例如，“孤独的狂欢”，“死亡的生命”。

八、头韵与脚韵头韵是使用相同或相似的音韵开头，脚韵是使用相同或相似的音韵结尾。

例如，“美丽的美女”（头韵）和“生活是一首歌”（脚韵）。

九、夸张与弱化夸张是通过夸大事实或形象来强调某种情感或主题，弱化则是通过缩小事实或形象来淡化某种情感或主题。

高级英语课文修辞总结（1-7课）第一课Face to Face With Hurricane CamilleSimile:1. The children went from adult to adult like buckets in a fire brigade. (comparing the passing of children to the passing of buckets of water in a fire brigade when fighting a fire)2. The wind sounded like the roar of a train passing a few yards away. (comparing the sound of the wind to the roar of a passing train)Metaphor :1. We can batten down and ride it out. (comparing the house in a hurricane to a ship fighting a storm at sea)2. Wind and rain now whipped the house. (Strong wind and rain was lashing the house as if with a whip.)Personification :1. A moment later, the hurricane, in one mighty swipe, lifted the entire roof off the house and skimmed it 40 feet through the air. (The hurricane acted as a very strong person lifting something heavy and throwing it through the air.)2. It seized a 600, 000-gallon Gulfport oil tank and dumpedit 3 1/2miles away. (The hurricane acted as a very strong man lifting something very heavy and dumping it 3 1/2 miles away.). Ⅺ.Elliptical and short simple sentences generally increase the tempo and speed of the actions being described. Hence in a dramatic narration they serve to heighten tension and help create a sense of danger and urgency. For examples see the text, paragraphs 10-18 and 21-26.Lesson 2 Hiroshima—the “Liveliest” City in Japan“Seldom has a city gained such world renown, and I am proud and happy to welcome you to Hiroshima, a town known throughout the world for its-oysters”. (anticlimax)…as the fastest train in the world slipped to a stop...…whe re thousands upon thousands of people had been slain in one second, where thousands upon thousands of others had lingered on to die in slow agony.At last this intermezzo came to an end…But later my hair began to fall out , and my belly turned to water .I felt sick ,and ever since then they have been testing and treating me .(alliteration)Each day that I escape death, each day of suffering that helps to free me from earthly cares, I make a new little paper bird, and add it to the others.Hiroshima—the “liveliest” city in JapanI felt sick, and ever since then they have been testing and treating me.The rather arresting spectacle of little old Japan adrift amid beige concrete skycrapers is the very symbol of the incessant struggle between the kimono and the miniskirt.There were fresh bows, and the faces grew more and more serious each time the name Hiroshima wasrepeated .(synecdoche)Was I not at the scene of the crime? (rhetorical question) Lesson 3 BlackmailMetaphor:...the nerves of both ... were excessively frayed...his wife shot him a swift, warning glance.The words spat forth with sudden savagery.Her tone ...withered......self-assurance...flickered...The Duchess kept firm tight rein on her racing mind.Her voice was a whiplash.eyes bored into himI’ll spell it out.Euphemism:...and you took a lady friend.Metonymy:won 100 at the tableslost it at the barthey'll throw the book,...Onomatopoeia:appreciative chuckleclucked his tongueLesson 41) The trial that rocked the world (hyperbole)2) Darrow had whispered throwing a reassuring arm round my shoulder (transferred epithet)3) The case had erupted round my head (synecdoche)4) Bryan, ageing and paunchy, was assisted (ridicule)5) and it is a mighty strong combination (sarcasm)6) until we are marching backwards to the glorious age of the sixteenth century (irony)7) There is some doubt about that.(sarcasm)8) "The Christian believes that man came from above. The evolutionist believes that he must have come from below"(antithesis)9) "His reputation as an authority on Scripture is recognized throughout the world." (hyperbole)10) Resolutely he strode to the stand, carrying a palm fanlike a sword to repel his enemies. (ridicule，simile)11) Bryan mopped his bald dome in silence.(ridicule)12) Dudley Field Malene called my conviction a, "victorious defeat. " (oxymoron )第五课The many metaphors and similes in the essay are largely ap propritately used in describing the ugliness of Westmoreland County.For example, in para. 3 the metaphor of comparing the houses there to pigs wallowing in the mud~ the metaphor in the same para. of comparing the patches of paint to dried up scales formed by a skin disease~and the simile in para. 2 as shown in the sentence "one blinks ... shot away", the sim ile in the same para. as shown in the sentence "a steel stadi um ~ -- the line", just to mention a few. Hyperboles are profusely used in the essay. They are mostly very effective in conveying what the author had to say.In para. 1, we read the sentence "Here was wealth ... alley cats", exaggerating the richness and grandeur of this region and of America as a whole, the boast and pride of the richest and grandest nation ever seen on earthin para. 5 we read "It is as if ... of them", which implies exaggeratedly that it is as if some genius of great power, who didn' t like to do the right things and who was an inflexible enemy of man, em ployed all the cleverness and skill of hell to build these ugly houses;and again in para. 2 there is the sentence "What al lude to " in sight", which suggests an exaggeration that is hard to believe. Not every house could have been that ugly.Lesson 6 Mark Twain --- Mirror of AmericaMetaphor:Mark Twain --- Mirror of Americasaw clearly ahead a black wall of night...main artery of transportation in the young nation's heartAll would resurface in his books...that he soaked up... When railroads began drying up the demand......the epidemic of gold and silver fever...Twain began digging his way to regional fame...Mark Twain honed and experimented with his new writing muscles...Simile:Most American remember M. T. as the father of......a memory that seemed phonographicHyperbole:...cruise through eternal boyhood and ...endless summer of freedom...The cast of characters... - a cosmos.America laughed with him.Personification:...to literature's enduring gratitude...the grave world smiles as usual...Bitterness fed on the man...America laughed with him.Personal tragedy haunted his entire life.Antithesis:...between what people claim to be and what they really are.. ...took unholy verbal shots at the Holy Land......a world which will lament them a day and forget them forever Euphemism:… a motley band of Confederate guerrillas who diligently avoided contact with the enemy....men's final release from earthly struggleAlliteration...the slow, sleepy, sluggish-brained sloths stayed at home ...with a dash and daring......a recklessness of cost or consequences...Metonymy...his pen would prove mightier than his pickaxeLesson 7 Everyday Use for your grandmama“Maggie’s brain is like an elephant’s”. Wangerosaid ,laughing .(ironic)“Mama,” Wangero said sweet as a bird .“can I have these old quilts?”(simile)…showing just enough of her thin body enveloped in pink skirt and red blo use…After I tripped over it two or three times he toldme …(metaphor)And she stops and tries to dig a well in the sand with her toe. (exaggeration)Hair is all over his head a foot long and hanging from his chin like a kinky mule tail. (simile)Have you ever seen a lame animal, perhaps dog run over by some careless person rich enough to own a car ,sidle up to someone who is ignorant enough to be kind of him?(metaphor) I feel my whole face warming from the heat waves it throws out .(exaggeration)Impressed with her they worshiped the well-turned phrase, the cute shape, the scalding humor that erupted like bubbles in lye. (simile)It is like an extended living room. (simile)Johnny Carson has much to do to keep up with my quick and witty tongue.My skin is like an uncooked barley pancake. (simile)She gasped like a bee had stung her.(simile)Wangero said, sweet as a bird. (simile)Who ever knew a Johnson with a quick tongue? Who can even imagine me looking a strange white man in the eye? (rhetorical question)You didn’t even have to look close to see where hands pushing the dasher up and down to make butter had left a kind of sink in the wood .(metaphor)。

一、词语修辞格（1）simile 明喻①...a memory that seemed phonographic②Most American remember M. T. as the father of...（2）metaphor 暗喻①the last this intermezzo came to an end…②Mark Twain --- Mirror of America③saw clearly ahead a black wall of night...④main artery of transportation in the young nation's heart⑤All would resurface in his books...that he soaked up...⑥When railroads began drying up the demand...⑦...the epidemic of gold and silver fever...⑧Twain began digging his way to regional fame...⑨Mark Twain honed and experimented with his new writing muscles...⑩The Duchess of Croydon kept firm, tight rein on her racing mind.⑪and launch this cataract of horrors upon mankind…⑫I see the German bombers and fighters in the sky, still smarting from many a British whipping, delighted to find what they believe is an easier and a safer prey.⑬I see the Russian soldiers standing on the thresthold of their native land, guarding the fields which their fathers have tilled from time immemorial.⑭The Nazi regime is devoid of all theme and principle except appetite and racial domination.⑮I suppose they will be rounded up in hordes.⑯We shall fight him by land, we shall fight him by sea, we shall fight him in the air, until, with God’s help, we have rid the earth of his shadow and liberated its peoples from his yoke.（3）metonymy 借代，转喻（4）synecdoche 提喻①The case had erupted round my head（5）personification 拟人①...to literature's enduring gratitude...②The grave world smiles as usual...③Bitterness fed on the man...④America laughed with him.⑤Personal tragedy haunted his entire life.（6）transferred epithet 移就①Darrow had whispered throwing a reassuring arm round my shoulder②The obese body shook in an appreciative chuckle.③Two high points of color appeared in the paleness of the Duchess of Croydon’s cheeks.（7）hyperbole 夸张①If Hitler invaded Hell and would make at least a favorable reference to the Devil in the House of Commons.②...cruise through eternal boyhood and ...endless summer of freedom...③The cast of characters... - a cosmos.④America laughed with him.⑤The trial that rocked the world⑥His reputation as an authority on Scripture is recognized throughout the world."（8）oxymoron 矛盾修饰法Dudley Field Malene called my conviction a, "victorious defeat. "（9）euphemism 委婉语①… a motley band of Confederate guerrillas who diligently avoided contact with the enemy.②...men's final release from earthly struggle（10）irony -- the use of words to expresssomething different from and often opposite to theirliteral meaning. 反语用词语表达与它们的字面意思相异或相反的用法①Hiroshima—the ―liveliest‖ city in Japan②… until we are marching backwards to the glorious age of the sixteenth century（11）sarcasm -- a cutting, often ironic remarkintended to wound. 讽刺，挖苦意在伤害他人的尖刻的，常带讽刺意味的话语①There is some doubt about that.（12）pun 双关①DARWIN IS RIGHT – INSIDE.二、结构修辞格（13）antithesis 对比①Any man or state who fights on against Nazidom will have our aid. Any man or state who marches with Hitler is our foe…②"The Christian believes that man came from above. The evolutionist believes that he must have come from below③...between what people claim to be and what they really are.④...took unholy verbal shots at the Holy Land...⑤...a world which will lament them a day and forget them forever（14）rhetorical question 修辞疑问句①Was I not at the scene of the crime?②Who ever knew a Johnson with a quick tongue? Who can even imagine me looking a strange white man in the eye?③In what conceivable way does our car concern you?三、音韵修辞格（15）头韵法（alliteration）在文句中有两个以上连结在一起的词或词组，其开头的音节有同样的字母或声音，以增强语言的节奏感。

I. Phonetic Devices语音修辞1.Onomatopoeia（拟声）: The use of words that imitate the sounds associated with the objects or actions they refer to.例：As you approach it, a tinkling and banging and clashing begins to impinge on your ear.All was quiet again in Han Mansion except for some people snoring, the horse chewing mash, and geese crackling at intervals.I can hear the water splashing, the bees humming, and the frogs croaking.2.Alliteration（头韵）: It has to do with the sound rather than the sense of words for effect. It is a device that repeats the same sound at frequent intervals and since the sound repeated is usually the initial consonant sound, it is also called “front rhyme”.例：The f air b reeze b lew, \the white f oam f lew, \The f urrow f ollowed f ree; \We were the f irst that ever burst \into that s ilent s ea.M oney m akes the m are go. A good f ame is better than a good f ace.3.Consonance (辅韵)：It refers to the repetition of the same consonants in the end of a group of words. (一组词，一句话或一行诗歌中，相同的词尾辅音重复出现)例1：He laughs be st who laughs la st.例2：With his three hundred wag ingThe battle, long he stoo d.And like a lion rag ing,Expires in seas of bloo d. (此处也称诗歌的rhyme)4.Homoeotoleuton (谐缀), meaning similarity of endings, refers to the use of identical or similar sounding suffixes (后缀) on the final words of phrases or clauses. Homoeotoleuton is usually used in a verse but it also has a wonderful effect in a prose.例：There is no secur ity but opportun ity on this earth.I need time to dr ink but I need more time to th ink.Education is not rec eived but ach ieved.5.Assonance（半谐音）：Assonance is the repetition of similar vowel sounds, preceded and followed by different consonants, in the stressed syllables of adjacent words.例：All r oa ds lead to R o me.A c i ty that is set on a h i ll cannot be h i d.城造在山上，是不能隐藏的。

高级英语修辞总结归纳Lesson 1 Pub Talk and the King’ s English1. Alliterationthe King’ s Englishslips and slides (Para. 18)2. Allusions暗指，引喻--musketeers of Dumas (Para. 3)--descendants of convicts (Para. 7)--Saxon churls (Para. 8)--Norman conquerors (Para. 8)3. ExaggerationPerhaps it is because of my upbringing in English pubs that I think bar conversation has a charm of its own. (Para. 3)4. Metaphor1.No one has any idea where it will go as it meanders or leapsand sparkles or just glows. (Para. 2)2.They got out of bed on the wrong side is simply not a concern. (Para.3)3.Suddenly the alchemy of conversation took place (Para. 4)4.The glow of the conversation burst into flames. (Para. 6)5.The conversation was on wings. (Para. 8)6.We ought to think ourselves back into the shoes of the Saxon peasant. (Para. 11)7.The Elizabethans blew on it as on a dandelion clock, and itsseeds multiplied, and floated to the ends of the earth. (Para. 14)高级英语修辞总结归纳8. I have an unending love affair with dictionaries. (Para. 17)9. Even with the most educated and the most literate, the King’s Engli slips and slides in conversation. (Para. 18)10. “ the sinistercorridor of our age⋯”(Para. 18)11.Otherwise one will bind the conversation, one will not let it flowfreely here and there. (Para. 20)12.We would never have gone to Australia, or leaped back in time tothe Norman Conquest. (Para. 20)5.Simile1.They are like the musketeers of Dumas who, although they lived sideby side with each other, did not delve into each other. 3)’ s ⋯(Para2. The Elizabethans blew on it as on a dandelion clock,⋯(Para. 14)Lesson 2 MarrakechSimile1.The burying-ground is merely a huge waste of hummocky earth, likea derelict building-lot. (Para. 2)2., ⋯ sore-eyed children cluster everywhere in unbelievable numbers, likeclouds of flies. (Para. 8)3.⋯ where the soil is exactly like broken-up brick. (Para. 18)4.Long lines of women, bent double like inverted capital Ls (Para. 18)5. ⋯ their feet squashed into boots that looked like blocks of wood⋯(Para. 23)6., ⋯ glitteringlike scraps of paper. (Para. 26)Metaphor1. They rise out of the earth,⋯(Para. 3)2.Down the center of the street there is generally running a little riverof urine. (Para. 8)Alliterationsweat and starve (Para. 3)Transferred Epithet--there was a frenzied rush of Jews (Para. 10)Onomatopoeia, winding up the road with a clumping of boots and a clatter ofiron wheels (Para. 22)Synecdoche1.a white skin is always fairly conspicuous (Para. 16)2., actually has feelings of reverence before a white skin. (Para. 24) Rhetorical Question1.Are they really the same flesh as your self Do they even have names Or are they merely a kind of differentiated brown stuff, about as individual as bees or coral insects (Para. 3)2.How much longer can we go one kidding these people Howlong before they turn their guns in the other direction (Para. 25) UnderstatementI am not commenting, merely pointing to a fact. (Para. 21)Lesson 3 Inaugural Address (January 20, 1961)Parallelism⋯,symbolizing an end as well as a beginning, signifying renewal aswell as change. (Para. 1)Paras. 6, 7, 8, 10,11 Alliteration1. ⋯friend and foe alike⋯(Para. 3)2.to assure the survival and the success of liberty. (Para. 4)3.steady spread (Para. 13)4. ⋯bear the burden⋯(Para. 22)5. ⋯strength and sacrifice⋯Metaphor1.⋯ those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended up inside. (Para. 7)2.But this peaceful revolution of hope cannot become the prey ofhostile powers. (Para. 9)3.this hemisphere intends to remain the master of its own house. (Para.9)4. to strengthen its shield of the new and the weak⋯(Para. 10)5. And if a beachhead of cooperation may push back the jungle ofsuspicion ⋯ (Para. 19)6.The energy, the faith, the devotion which we bring to this endeavorwill light our country and all who serve it, and the glow from that firecan truly light the world. (Para. 24)Consonance⋯ , whether it wishes us well or ill, ⋯(Para. 4)Synecdoche⋯ both rightly alarmed by the steady spread o f the deadly atom⋯.(Para.13)Antithesis1.United, there is little we cannot do in a host of cooperative ventures.Divided, there is little we can do, for we dare not meet a powerfulchallenge at odds and split asunder. (Para. 6)2.If a free society cannot help the many who are poor, it cannot savethe few who are rich. (Para. 8)3.And so, my fellow Americans, ask not what your country can dofor you; ask what you can do for your country. (Para. 25)Repetitionall forms of (Para. 2)the belief (Para. 2)1.Let us never negotiate out of fear, but let us never fear to negotiate.(Para. 14)2.And so, my fellow Americans, ask not what your country can dofor you; ask what you can do for your country. (Para. 25)Allusionone hundred days (Para. 20)ClimaxAll this will not be finished in the first one hundred days. Nor will it befinished in the first one thousand days, nor in the life of thisAdministration, nor even perhaps in our lifetime on this planet. (Para. 20)Hyperbolehour of maximum danger (Para. 24)Lesson 4 Love is a FallacyMetaphor1.Charles Lamb, unfettered the informal essay with....“ Dream’ s Children” . (Author’ s Note)2.There follows an informal essay....frontier. (Author’ s Note)3.Logic, far from being a dry, pedantic discipline, is a living, breathingthing , full of beauty, passion, and trauma. (Author’ s Note)4.My brain, that precision instrument, slipped into high gear. (Para. 17)5.In other words, if you were out of the picture, the field would be open.(Para. 31)6.I fought off a wave of despair. (Para. 76)7.Maybe somewhere in the extinct crater of her mind, a few embersstill smoldered. Maybe somehow I could fan them into flame. (Para. 95)8.The next fallacy is called Poisoning the Well. (Para. 112)9.” The first man has poisoned the well before anybody could drink fromit. He has hamstrung his opponent before he could even start.116)10. The rat! (Para. 148)Simile1. My brain was as powerful as a dynamo, as precise as a chemist as penetrating as a scalpel. (Para. 1)2.Same age, same background, but dumb as an ox. (Para. 2)3.First he looked at the coat with the expression of a waif at abakery window. (Para. 47)4.He looked like a mound of dead raccoons. (Para. 54)5. ...the raccoon coat huddled like a great hairy beast at his feet. (Para.94)6.It was like digging a tunnel. (Para. 120)7.I leaped to my feet, bellowing like a bull. (Para. 144)Antithesis1.“ It is, after all, easier to make a beautiful dumb girl smart than to” (Para.’ s scale,make an ugly smart girl beautiful. ” (Para. 24)2. “ Back and forth his head swiveled desire waxing,， resolutionwaning . ” (Para. 47)3.If there is an irresistible force, there can be no immovable object. If thereis an immovable object, there can be no irresistible force. (Para. 91)4. “ Look at me--a brilliant student..ing from.” (Para. 150)Hyperbole1. Logic, far from being a dry, pedantic discipline, is a living, breathingthing, full of beauty, passion, and trauma. (Author’s Note) 2. My brain was as powerful as a dynamo, as precise as a chemist’s scale, as penetrating as a scalpel. (Para. 1)3. It’ s not often that one so young has such a giant intellect. (Para. 2)4.Finally he didn’ t turn away at all; he just stood and stared with madlust at the coat. (Para. 47)5.You are the whole world⋯ of outer space (Para. 132)6.“ I will wander the face of the earth, a shambling, hollow- eyed hulk.”(Para. 132)Metonymy1.But I was not one to let my heart rule my head. (Para. 20)2.Otherwise you have committed a Dicto Simpliciter. (Para. 70)3.You are guilty of Post Hoc if you blame Eula Becker. (Para. 79)LitotesThis loomed as a project of no small dimensions. (Para. 58)SynecdocheThere is a limit to what flesh and blood can bear. (Para. 112)AnalogyJust as Pygmalion loved the perfect woman he had fashioned, so I lovedmine. (Para. 122)Transferred EpithetI said with a mysterious wink and closed my bag and left. (Para. 37) Rhetorical QuestionCould Carlyle do more Could Ruskin (Authors’Note)“(ParaNobody.73)”“ Really” said Polly, amazed.Who knew (Para. 95)Lesson 5 The Sad Young MenMetaphor:1.⋯ we had reached an international stature that would forever prevent⋯us from retreating behind the artificial walls of a provincialmorality (Para. 2)2.battle for success (Para. 3)3.And like most escapist sprees, this one lasted until the money ran out,until the crash of the world economic structure at the end of the decadecalled the party to a halt and forced the revelers to sober up and face the problems of the new age. (Para. 4)4. ⋯ once the young men had received a good taste of twentieth-century warfare. (Para. 6)5.⋯ they hadoutgrown town and families (Para. 6)6.⋯ sleepyin Gopher Prairies all over the country (Para. 6)7. ⋯ to add their own little matchsticks to the conflagration of“ flaming youth” (Para. 8)8.⋯ now began to imitate the manners of their elders and play with thetoys of vulgar rebellion. (Para. 8)9.⋯ wasthe rallying point of sensitive persons disgusted withAmerica. (Para. 9)10.⋯ but since the country was blind and deaf to everything save theglint and ring of the dollar,⋯ (Para. 9)Personification:⋯ the country was blind and deaf to everything⋯ dollar⋯ . (Para. 9) Metonymy:1.⋯ our young men began to enlist under foreign flags. (Para. 5)2.Greenwich Village set the pattern. (Para. 7)3.⋯ their minds and pens inflamed against war,⋯ (Para. 7)4.⋯ to add their own little matchsticks to the conflagration of“ flaming youth” (Para. 8)5.Before long the movement had become officially recognized by thepulpit ⋯ (Para.8)高级英语修辞总结归纳6.⋯but since the country was blind and deaf to everything save the glint⋯ (Para. 9)and ring of the dollar,Transferred epithet:The slightest mention of the decade brings nostalgic recollections to themiddle-aged and curious questionings by the young(Para⋯. 11)Simile:The war acted merely as a catalytic agent in this breakdown of the⋯ (Para. 3)Victorian socialstructure .&精心收集整理，请按实质需求再行改正编写，因文档各样差别排版需调整字体属性及大小。

Lesson one1 We can batten down and ride it out.—metaphor2. Wind and rain now wiped the house. ----metaphor(暗喻)3 Everybody out the back door to the cars!--elliptical sentence (省略句)4. The children went fro m adult to adult like buckets in a fire brigade. ----si mile (明喻)5. But the cars wouldn’t start; the electrical systems had been killed by water. personification(拟人)6. The wind sounded like the roar of a train passing a few yards away. -----simile7. …it seized a 600,00 gallon Gulfport oil tan k and dumped it 3.5 miles away. ----personification(拟人)8 Telephone poles and 20-inch-thick pines cracked like guns as the winds snapped them.-simile9 Several vacationers at the luxurious Richelieu Apartments there held a hurricane party to watch the sto rm fro m their spectacular vantagepoint--transferred epithet10. Richelieu Apartments were smashed apart as if by a gigantic fist, and 26 people perished. 明喻11. Strips of clothing festooned the standing trees, and blown down power lines coiled like black spaghetti over the roads----metaphor; simile12. …the Salvation Army’s canteen trucks and Red Cross volunteers and staffers were going wherever possible to distribute hot drinks, food, clothing and bedding.Lesson two Marrakech1 The little crowd of mourners -- all men and boys, no women--threaded their way across the market place between the piles of pomegranates and the taxis and the camels, walling a short chant over and over again. (Elliptical sentence省略句)2 提喻or are they merely a kind of undifferentiated brown stuff, about as individual as bees or coral insects?3 押头韵They rise out of the earth, they sweat and starve for a few years, and then they sink back into the nameless mounds of the gr aveyard (Para 3)4间接请求I could eat some o f that bread.5夸张移就暗喻A carpenter sits cross-legged at a prehistoric lathe, turning chair-legs at lightning speed.（Transferred epithet移就Metaphor暗喻）6移就暗喻Instantly, fro m the dark holes all round, there was a frenzied rush of Jews. (Transferred epithet 移就）7 类比in just the same way, a couple of hundred years ago, poor old women used to be burned for witchcraft when they could not even work enough magic to get themselves a square meal.7 提喻still, a white skin is always fairly conspicuous.8 明喻long lines of women, bent double like inverted capital Ls.9 暗喻she accepted her status as an old woman, that is to say as a beast of burden.10 拟声词Ono matopoeia as the strokes flew northward the Negroes were marching southward -a long, dusty column, infantry, screw- gun batteries, and then more infantry, four or five thousand men in all, winding up the road with a clumping of boots and a clatter of iron wheels.11 明喻their feet squashed into boots that looks like blocks of wood…Simile12 省略句Not hostile, not contemptuous, not sullen, not even inquisitive13 明喻And really it was like watching a flock of cattle to see the long column, a mile or two miles of armed men, flowing peacefull y up the road, while the great white birds drifted over them in the opposite direction, glittering like scrapes of paper.Lesson threeMetaphor(暗喻)1 the conversation had swung from Australian convicts of the 19th century to the english peasants of the 12th century.2 the conversation was on wings.3.And no one has any idea where it will go as it meander or leaps and sparkles or just glows .——mixed metaphor4The fact that their marriages may be on the rocks,or that their love affairs have been broken or even that they got out of bed on the wrong side is simply not a concern.——metaphor【1.on the rock 为英语习语，这里引用了隐喻的修辞手法，把婚姻比喻成触礁的船只】【2.to get out of the bed on the wrong side 也是英语习语。

高级英语第三版本册1-7课修辞整理
修辞（Rhetoric）是指修词造句的艺术，旨在使文章表达更加
生动、准确。

在英语写作中，修辞手法的运用可以为文本增添色彩
并强化文章逻辑。

以下是本文对高级英语第三版本册1-7课修辞手
法的整理：
1. 比喻（Metaphor）：通过将两种不同的事物进行比较来强化
表达。

例：“你是我的太阳”（You are my sunshine）。

2. 拟人（Personification）：将非人事物拟人化，使其表现出人
类的特性。

例：“阳光明媚”（The sunshine smiled upon us）。

3. 讽刺（Irony）：用反语强调与实际相反的意思。

例：“我今
天看起来真好看，唯一的问题是我感冒了”（I look amazing today. The only problem is that I have a cold.）。

6. 借代（Metonymy）：用一个相关的单词或短语来替代原文，起到简洁的效果。

例：“冠军”（champion）代表整个团队获胜。

7. 倍受争议的说法（Euphemism）：用含蓄、委婉和微妙的词语或说法来表达直接或难以接受的事情。

例：“真是一个有趣的人”（He is quite a character）。

以上是高级英语第三版本册1-7课修辞手法整理，希望对大家的英语写作有所帮助。

英语修辞手法１、Simｉle明喻明喻就是将具有共性得不同事物作对比、这种共性存在于人们得心里,而不就是事物得自然属性.标志词常用liｋｅ, ａs, seem, as if, ａs thｏugｈ, ｓｉmiｌar tｏ, ｓuch ａs 等。

例如:1>。

He waｓlｉke aｃｏｃk wｈo tｈouｇｈｔtｈe sunｈad ｒｉsｅｎto heａr ｈim crｏｗ、2＞、I ｗaｎdereｄlonely aｓa clouｄ。

3＞。

Eｉnstｅin oｎly had a blaｎkｅｔon, ａs iｆｈe had jｕst walkeｄｏu ｔoｆaｆairy tale、2。

Metaｐhor 隐喻,暗喻隐喻就是简缩了得明喻,就是将某一事物得名称用于另一事物,通过比较形成。

例如:1〉。

Ｈｏpe ｉｓa gｏod breaｋｆast, but ｉｔiｓ a badｓupｐｅr、２＞.Soｍe books are to be tasｔed, otｈｅrsｓwallowed, ａndｓome few ｔo beｃhewｅd and digestｅｄ。

3、Metonｙmy借喻,转喻借喻不直接说出所要说得事物,而使用另一个与之相关得事物名称、I。

以容器代替内容,例如:1>。

The kettlｅboils、水开了、2〉。

Thｅｒoom sat ｓilenｔ、全屋人安静地坐着。

II。

以资料、工具代替事物得名称,例如:Lend me your eaｒs, plｅａse.请听我说、ＩＩＩ.以作者代替作品,例如:a ｐlete Shaｋespｅare 莎士比亚全集ＶＩ、以具体事物代替抽象概念,例如:Ｉhａｄthe ｍusｃle, aｎｄtｈey mａde ｍoney ｏut of iｔ、我有力气,她们就用我得力气赚钱。

4、Syｎｅcdocｈe 提喻提喻用部分代替全体,或用全体代替部分,或特殊代替一般、例如:1>。