Lesson 11．"We can batten down and ride it out," he said. (Para. 4)metaphor2 .Wind and rain now whipped the house. (Para. 7) personification3. The children went from adult to adult like buckets in a fire brigade.、metaphorsimile4. He held his head between his hands, and silently prayed:“ Get us through this mess, will You”(Para. 17)alliteration5. It seized a 600,000-gallonpersonificationGulfport oil tank and dumped it miles away.6.Telephone poles and 20-inch-thick pines cracked like guns as the winds snapped them. simile 、onomatopoeia( 拟声 )7.Several vacationers at the luxurious Richelieu Apartments there held a hurricane party towatch the storm from their spectacular vantage point.（Para. 20）transferred epithet8 8. Richelieu Apartments were smashed apart as if by a gigantic fist, and 26 people perished.（P ara. 20） simile 、 personification9.and blown down power lines coiled like black spaghetti over the roads.simileand medical supplies streamed in by plane, train, truck and car. (Para. 31) metaphorLesson 41. Darrow had whispered throwing a reassuring arm around my shoulder as we were waiting forthe court to open. (para2)Transferred epithet2. The case had erupted round my head not long after I arrived in Dayton as science master and football coach at secondary school.(para 3)Synecdoche3.After a while, it is the setting of man against man and creed against creed until we are marching backwards to the glorious age of the sixteenth century.(para14)Irony4.'' There is some doubt about that'' Darrow snorted.(para 19)Sarcasm5.The Christian believes that man came from above . The evolutionist believes that he must have come from below .(para 20)Antithesis6.Gone was the fierce fervor of the days when Bryan had swept the political arena like a prairie.(para 22)Alliteration; Simile7.The crowd seemed to feel that their champion had not scorched the infidels with the hot breadth of his oratory as he should have. (Para 22)He appealed for intellectual freedom, and accused Bryan of calling for a duel to the death between science and religion. (Para 23)The court broke into a storm of applause that surpassed that Bryan.Snowball: grow quickly; spar: fight with words; thunder : say angrily and loudly; scorch: thoroughly defeat; duel: life and death struggle; storm of applause: loud applause by manypeople; the oratorical duel ; spring the trump card.Metaphor8. Dudley Field Malone called my conviction a ''victorious defeat '' (para 45)A woman whispered loudly as he finished his address Oxymoron9. My heart went out to the old warrior as spectators pushed by him to shake Darrow's hand. Metonymy10. It is not going to be driven out of this court byThe spectators chuckled and Bryan warmed to his work. -- Line 101 Ridicule⋯Carrying a palm fan like a sword to repel his enemies.Ridicule11. With a fan blowing on him punLesson 5 The libido for the ugly1 Here was the very heart of industrial America , the center of its most lucrative and characteristic activity (line 6)metaphor; transferred epithet2 Here was wealth beyond computation , almost beyond imagination --and here were human habitations so abominable that they would have disgraced a race of alley cats.Antithesis ( 对偶句） Repetition ( line 10)3There was not one in sight from the train that did not insult and lacerate the age. Synecdoche(提喻） (line 16)4There was not a single decent house within eye range from the Pittsburgh to the Greensburg yards. There was not one that was misshapen,and there was not one that was not shabby. Understatement; Litotes( 曲言） (line 26)5The country is not uncomely, despite the grim of the endless mills .Litotes; Overstatement (line 29)6. They would have perfected a chalet to hug the hillsides.Metaphor (line 36)On their low sides they bury themselves swinishly in the mud. Metaphor(line 46)And one and all they are streaked in grim, with dead and eczematous patches of paint peeping through the streaks.Metaphor (line 49)When it has taken on the patina of the mills,it is the color of a fried egg. When it has taken on the patina of the mills, it is the color of an egg long past all hope or caring.Line 52 Metaphor7I award this championship only after laborious research and incessant prayer. Irony (line 60)8. and Newport News , in a Pullman , I have whirled through the gloomy(line67)Metonymy9But in the American village and small town the pull is always towards ugliness, and in that Westmoreland valley it has been yielded to with an eagerness bordering upon passion. Ridicule (line 88)10 It is incredible that mere ignorance should have achieved such masterpieces of horror. Irony (line 90)11 On certain levels of the American race, indeed, there seems to be positive libido for the ugly,as on the other and less Christian levels there is a libido for the beautiful.line 91Antithesis 12 The taste for them is as enigmatical and yet as common as the taste for the dogmatic theology and the poetry of Edgar .Metaphor13And some of them are appreciably better.Line 109Sarcasm14They let it mellow into its present shocking depravity.Metaphor; sarcasm15The effect is that of a fat woman with a black eye.MetaphorLesson 61.Most Americans remember Mark Twain as the father of Huch Finn ’s(synecdoche ) idyllic cruisethrough the eternal boyhood and Tom Sawyer ’endless summer of freedom and adventure.Hyperbole2. I found another Twain as well synecdoche3. a man who became obsessed with the frailties of the human race, who saw clearly ahead aback wall of night.metaphor4.The geographic core, in Twain ’searly years, was the great valley of the Mississippi River, mainartery of transportation in the young nation’sheart.metaphor5.Lumber, corn, tobacco, wheat, and furs moved downstream to the delta country; sugar,molasses, cotton, and whisky traveled north.(antithesis—a cosmos 6. the cast of characters set before him in his new profession was rich and variedalliteration metaphor7.Steamboats decks teemed not only with the main current of pioneering humanity, but itsflotsam of hustlers, gamblers, and thugs as well.Metaphor8.For eight months he flirted with the colossal wealth available to the lucky and persistent,metaphor9.He went west by stagecoach and succumbed to the epidemic of gold and silver fever inNevada’sWashoe region. metaphor10.From the discouragement of his mining failures, Mark Twain began digging his way toregional fame as a newspaper reporter and humorist.metaphor11.The instant riches of a mining strike would not be his in the reporting trade, but for makingmoney, his pen would prove mightier than his pickax.metonymy12.in the spring of 1864, less than two years after joining the Territorial Enterprise, he boardedthe stagecoach for San Francisco, then and now a hotbed of hopeful young writers.metaphor13.Mark Twain honed and experimented with his new writing(metonymy) muscles⋯ metaphor14.It was a splendid population ——for all the slow, sleepy, sluggish-brained sloths stay athome⋯alliteration15.“ Itwas a splendid population ——for all the slow, sleepy, sluggish-brained sloths stayed athome⋯” alliteration16.“ It was that population that gave to California a name for getting up astounding enterprises andrushing them through with a magnificent dash and daring (alliteration) and arecklessness of coat or consequences, which when she projects a new surprise,she (synecdoche) bears onto this day ——and the grave world ( transferred epithet)smiles(personification) as usual, and says‘ Well, this is California all over.’”17.Two years later the opportunity came for him to take a distinctly American look at the oldworld.transferred epithet pleasure cruise( metaphor)18.Bitterness fed on the man who had made the world laugh.personification19.America laughed with him.personification and synecdoche20.Tom Sawyer quickly became a classic tale of American boyhood. (Para. 13) synecdoche21.Tom’ s mischievous daring, ingenuity, and sweet innocence of his affection for⋯ ..(transferred epithet22.Six chapters into Tom Sawyers, he drags in“ the juvenile pariah metaphor⋯.”23.I have tried it, and I don’ t work; it don’ t work, Tom. It ain s’byt aforbell;me ⋯ The widder eatshe goes to bed by a bell; she gits up by a bell — everything’ s so awful reg’ lar body can’ t stand it. alliteration parallelism repetition24.Nine years after Tom Sawyer swept the nation. (metaphor25.Bitterness fed on the man who had made the world laughed.metaphor26.Now the gloves came off with biting satire. transferred epithet metaphor27.dictating his autobiography late in life, he commented with a crushing sense of despair onmen’ s final release from earthly struggles.metaphor28. where the have left no sign that they had existed—a world which will lament them a day andforget them forever.antithesis personificationLesson 11Alliteration1.brittle and brown2.willow and witch hazel3.great green-and-yellow grasshoppers4.the eagle and the elk5.the badger and the bear6.bent and blind7.sad in the sound, syllables of sorrow8.lean and leather9.jest and gesture10.fright and false alarm, fringed and flowered shawls, bright beadwork11.At a distance in July or August the steaming foliage seems almost to writhe in fire. （）不得是哪个充一下12.It was a long journey toward the dawn, and it led to a golden age.（） metaphor13.no longer were they slaves to the simple necessity of survival; （） metaphor14.I wanted to see in reality what she had seen more perfectly in the mind’seye, and traveledfifteen hundred miles no begin my pilgrimage. （） metaphor15.Descending eastward, the highland meadows are a stairway to the plain.（） metaphor16.The earth unfolds and the limit of the land recedes. （） metaphor17.going out upon a cane, very slowly as she did when the weight of age came upon her;（）metaphor18.transported so in the dancing light among the shadows of her room,（） metaphor19.houses are like sentinels in the plain, （） metaphorLesson 13 No Signposts in the Sea ★后中的修辞目1. I have never had much of an eye for noticing the clothes of women⋯(Para 1 )Metonymy2.in the evening she wears soft rich colours, dark red, olive green, midnight blue ⋯(Para 1 )Metonymy ★3.He says he used to read me⋯ (Para 2 ) Metonymy ★4.Protests about damage to ‘natural beauty ’froze me with contempt. (Para 3) Metaphor5.And now see how I stand, as sentimental and sensitive as any old maid. (Para 4) Alliteration6.I am gloriously and adolescently silly. (Para 4)Transferred Epithet7.⋯ I want my fill of beauty before I go. (Para 4)Euphemism ★8.The young moon lies on her back tonight as is her habit in the tropics, and as, I think, issuitable if not seemly for a virgin. (Para 5)Personification★9.Not a star but might not shoot down and accept the invitation to become her lover. (Para 5 )Personification ★10. ...even as I enjoy the clean voluptuousness of the warm breeze on my skin and the coolsupport of the water⋯(Para 5) Transferred Epithet ★11.It may be by daylight, looking at the sea, rippled with little white ponies，or with no ripples atall but only the lazy satin of blue, marbled at the edge where the passage of our ship hasdisturbed it. (Para 6)Metaphor12.The stars seemed little cuts in the black cover ⋯ (Para 6)Metaphor13.⋯no sign of habitation, very blenched and barren. (Para 8)Alliteration★14.What I like best are the ① stern cliff, with ranges of mountains ② soaring behindthem ⋯(Para 8)① Personification② Metaphor15.What plants of the high altitudes grow unravished among their crags and valleys (Para 8)Metonymy16...., like delicate flowers, for the discovery of the venturesome. (Para 8) Metaphor17.I wondered what mortal controlled it, in what must be one of the loneliest, most forbiddingspots on earth.(Para 12) Hyperbole18. ...but I must say I find it refreshing to think there are still a few odd fish left in the world.(Para 16)Metaphor19. ...follows a ship only to a certain latitude and then turns back⋯(Para 17) Metonymy20.We might all take a lesson from him, knowing the latitude we can permit ourselves. (Para 17)Metaphor21. ...and the scratchy little flying-fish have the vast circle a ll to themselves⋯(Para 18)Metonymy22.This is the new Edmund Carr with a vengeance. (Para 19)Synecdoche23.God, is there no escape from suffering and sin (Para 25)Rhetorical Question24.⋯we wait for it while the① red ball, cut in half as though by a knife, sinks to its daily②doom. (Para 26)① Innuendo ② Metaphor25.Then come the① twilight colours of sea and heaven(⋯suddenly in ② these latitudes,atany tare on sea level), the winepink width of water merging into③ lawns of aquamarine, and the sky ④ a tender palette of pink and blue⋯(Para 26 ) ①Metaphor② Metonymy③M etaphor ★ ④ Metaphor ★26.Now the indolence of southern latitudes has captured me. (Para 33 )Metonymy27.Blue, the colour of peace. (Para 33 )Metaphor28.⋯I had no temptation to take a flying holiday to the South⋯(Para 33 ) Transferred Epithet★29.And then I like all the small noises of a ship: the faint creaking, as of the saddle-leather to ahorseman riding across turf, the slap of a rope, the hiss of sudden spray. (Para 34 )Onomatopoeia ★30.But above all I love these long purposeless days in which I shed all that I have ever been.(Para 34 )Transferred Epithet1.Lesson 14 Speech on Hitler ’Invasion of the changed conviction into certainty. (Para 1)Alliteration2.I had not the slightest doubt where our duty and policy lay. (Para 1)Litotes3.I suppose they will be rounded up in hordes. (Para 1)Metaphor4.⋯ I asked whether for him, the arch anti-Communist, this was not bowing down in the House5.If Hitler invaded Hell I would make at least a favorable reference to the Devil in the Houseof Commons. (Hitler is much eviler than the devil.) (Para 5) Hyperbole6.The Maze regime is devoid of all theme and principle except appetite and racial domination.(Para 8)Metaphor7.It excels all forms of human wickedness in the efficiency of its cruelty and ferociousaggression. (Para 8)Irony8. I see the Russian soldiers standing on the threshold of their native land⋯. (Para 8) Metaphor9.–for the safety of their loved ones, the return of the bread-winner, of their champion, oftheir protector. (Para 8)Innuendo10.I see the ten thousand villages of Russia where the means of existence is wrung so hardlyfrom the soil ⋯ (Para 8)Metaphor11.I see advancing upon all this in hideous onslaught the Nazi war machine, with its clanking,heel-clicking, dandified Prussian officers,⋯ (Para 8)Metaphor12.I see all the ① dull, drilled, docile, brutish, masses of the Hun soldiery plodding on② like aswarm of crawling locusts. (Para 8)① Alliteration② Simile\Ridicule13.I see the German ① bombers and fighters in the sky, still②smarting from many a British③whipping, ④ delighted to find what they believe is an easier and safer ⑤ prey (theRussian soldiers). (Para8)① Synecdoche② ③ ④ Metaphor\Personification⑤Metaphor14.Behind all this ① glare, behind all this ② storm,I see that small group of villainous menwho plan, organize, and launch this③ cataract of horrors upon mankind⋯ (Para 9)①Metaphor ② Metaphor③ Metaphor15.I have to declare the decision of His Majesty ’sGovernment ⋯ (Para 10) Antonomasia16.–for we must spread out now at once, without a day’sdelay. (Para 10) Repetition17.I have to make the declaration,but can you doubt what our policy will be(Para 10)Rhetorical Question18.We have but one aim and one single, irrevocable purpose. (Para 10)Repetition19.We are resolved to destroy Hitler and every vestige of the Nazi regime. (Para 10)Metaphor20.From this nothing will turn us—nothing. (Para 10)Inversion21. We will never parley, we will never negotiate⋯(Para 10)Repetition22.We have rid the earth of his shadow (influence) and liberated its peoples from his yoke(control). (Para 10) Metaphor23.① Any man or state who② marches with Hitler is our foe. (Para 10)① Antithesis② Metaphor24.It follows therefore that we shall⋯.We shall⋯, as we shall faithfully and steadfastly to theend⋯ (Para 10)Parallelism25. But when I spoke ⋯ which have impelled or lured him on his Russian adventure I said therewas one deeper motive behind his outrage. (Para 12)Euphemism26.He wishes to destroy the Russian power ⋯.from the East and hurl it upon this Island, whichhe knows ⋯.of his crimes. (Para 12) ① Metaphor② Synecdoche27.⋯ and that he can overwhelm Great Britain before the Fleet and airpower of the United Statesmay intervene. (Para 12) Synecdoche28.He has so long thrived and prospered. (Para 12)Repetition29.⋯ and that then the ① scene will be clear for the final ② act,⋯(Para 12)①Metaphor② Euphemism30.⋯, just as the cause of any Russian fighting for his hearth and home is the cause of free menand free peoples in every quarter of the globe. (Para 13)Alliteration31. Let us learn the lessons already taught by such cruel experience. (Para 13) Alliteration。
