语法资料-10
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七年级英语语法知识总结(10篇)七年级英语语法知识总结篇一一、七年级英语语法--词法(一)名词1.名词的数我们知道名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词,而不可数名词它没有复数形式,但可数名词却有单数和复数之分,复数的构成如下:(1)在后面加s。
如:fathers, books, Americans, Germans, apples, bananas(2)x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。
如:boxes, glasses, dresses, watches, wishes, faxes(3)①以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es 如:baby-babies, family-families, duty-duties, comedy-comedies, documentary-documentaries, story-stories②以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。
如:day-days, boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys, ways(4)以o结尾加s(外来词)。
如:radios, photos, 但如是辅音加o的加es:如: tomatoes西红柿, potatoes马铃薯(5)以f或fe结尾的变f为v再加es(s)。
如:knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves, shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves, yourself-yourselves (6)单复数相同(不变的)有:fish, sheep, deer鹿子, Chinese, Japanese(7)一般只有复数,没有单数的有:people,pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clothes, socks(8)单词形式不变,既可以是单数也可以是复数的有:police警察局,警察, class班,同学, family家,家庭成员(9)合成的复数一般只加主要名词,多数为后一个单词。
第一课1、算:可以说是,可以这样认为---로여기다-----라고생각할수있다.➢在古北,三室一厅一个月九千块算便宜的。
➢今天15度,不算冷。
➢在我们部门,她算漂亮的。
2、尽管:随便,放心地做마음껏+동사/내용(부담없이)➢今天我请客,你们尽管点。
➢有什么问题,你尽管和我说。
➢大小不合适,尽管告诉我。
3、来着:用在句尾,对以前提到的事情忘了或不太确定进行提问---더라?➢你叫什么来着?➢老板刚刚说什么来着?4、一下子:表示一次动作或很短的时间한꺼번/ 아주짧은시간➢这个电饭锅很便宜,我一下子买了2个。
➢他2天没吃饭了,恨不得一下子把这么多好吃的全吃了。
5、并:并+不/没等否定词,强调实际情况和看到的、想象的不一样강조,상황을부정➢别看他住别墅、开宝马,其实并不是有钱人。
➢韩国语看起来很简单,但是学起来并不容易。
6、对了:用在句子的开头表示突然想起来什么事情,或者作插入语表示转移话题。
아참➢(老公要出门了)对了,我的手机没带,帮我找一下。
➢我女儿今年6岁了,对了,你孩子几岁了?第二课1、下来从高到低높은데부터낮은데이동➢我在楼下等你,你快下来吧➢动作持续到说话的时间或者过去的某一时刻동작이지금이나과거의어느순간까지유지➢她已经尝试过好几次要减肥,可是每次都坚持不下来。
2、下去从高到低높은데부터낮은데이동➢你男朋友在1楼等你,你快下去吧!动作持续到将来某一时刻为了能穿上这件衣服,不管减肥有多难,我都要坚持下去。
3、别提多……了얼마나----- 은/는지몰라➢感冒又发烧,别提多难受了。
➢女儿6岁生日的时候,我们带她去迪士尼乐园,那天她别提多高兴了。
4、非……不可(꼭/ 반드시...해야한)➢要想说一口流利的汉语,非学好发音不可。
➢这么冷的天,你穿这么少出去,非感冒不可。
➢酒后开车,非出事不可。
5、至于常用否定形式是“不至于”或者是反问句,表示事情没有严重到某个程度사실그정도까지아니다A:今天早上的报纸说:一对刚结婚没多久的小两口去商场买东西,因为意见不合,两个人要离婚了。
课题名称初中英语语法讲义-专题讲练:第10讲:一般现在时教学目标知识点:一般现在时考点: 1、动词三单形式变化及运用;(重点)2、区分三单和非三单;(重点)3、助动词do, does, don’t, doesn’t运用;(难点)4、一般现在时句型构成及句型转换。
(难点)能力:掌握动词三单变化规则;能准确区分三单和非三单形式;掌握一般现在时句型转换。
方法:讲练结合Step 1 Homework Checking●课后练习讲评;➢词汇听写:得分_____________首字母填空练习。
21. There is a c______ on the desk. It can tell you the time.22. How much does the bike c______?23. The first day of June is C Day.24. His father is a d_________. He works in a hospital.25. The last month of the year is D________.26. Can you tell me the d________ between the two words?27. On the evening before the Spring Festival, people usually have a big d__________ with their family.28. The d________ sits in the front of the bus.29. He usually d________ a glass of milk and eats two eggs for breakfast.30. We do eye e every day.answers: 21. clock 22. cost 23. Children’s 24. doctor 25. December 26. difference27. dinner 28. driver 29. drinks 30. exercises➢知识点回顾;用所给词的正确形式填空。
Do you like college life?你喜欢大学生活吗?(构成疑定句)He is studying English.他正在学英语。
(表示时态)A building was built beside the school.学校旁边建了一座大楼。
(表示语态)Do come to the party tomorrow evening.明天晚上一定要来参加聚会。
(加强语气)英语中的助动词主要有:do,does,did;be;have,has,had,will,would,shall,should等。
1.助动词 do,does,did的7种用法(1)do,does,did用来构成一般疑问句do,does用于一般现在时态,did用于一般过去时态;do用于主语为非第三人称单数形式的句子中,does只用于主语是第三人称单数的句子中。
如:Do you want to have a try?你想要试一试吗?Does she have any good idea?她有好主意吗?Did you study German?你们学德语了吗?(2)do,does,did+not 构成否定句do,does用于一般现在时态,did用于一般过去时态;do用于主语为非第三人称单数形式的句子中,does只用于主语是第三人称单数的句子中。
如:I do not want to go there now.我现在不想去那里。
He doesn't like playing the guitar.他不喜欢弹吉他。
In the past,many students did not know the importance of English.过去,许多学生不知道英语的重要性。
注意:①do not可以缩写为don't;does not可缩写为doesn't;did not可缩写为didn't。
②助动词do,does,did后要用动词原形。
Grammar for Unit 10条件状语从句一、定义:状语从句:在复合句中,由从句表示的状语叫做状语从句,在句子中起副词作用。
条件状语从句:由引导词if或unless等引导的状语从句叫做条件状语从句,条件是指某一件事情实现之后(状语从句中的动作),其它事情(主句中的动作)才能发生。
注意:在含有条件状语从句的复合句中,表示将来时态,主句是一般将来时态(或表示将来含义的),从句要用一般现在时、祈使句或情态动词[主将从现原则]。
二、类型:1.由if引导的条件状语从句:表示在某种条件下某事很可能发生。
如:If you ask him, he will help you. 如果你请他帮忙,他会帮你的。
If you fail in the exam, you will let him down. 如果你考试不及格,你会让他失望的。
if引导的条件状语从句既可以将从句放前面也可以将从句放后面If it rains, we will stop playing. / We will stop playing if it rains.如果天下雨,我们就不玩了。
2.unless conj.除非,若不,除非在……的时候You will fail to arrive there in time unless you start earlier.如果你不早点动身,你就不能及时赶到那儿。
Unless it rains, the game will be played. 除非下雨,比赛将照常进行。
3.as / so long as 只要So long as you’re happy, it doesn’t matter what you do.只要你高兴,你做什么都没有关系。
You may borrow my book as long as you keep it clean.只要你保持书的清洁,你就可以把我的书借去。
*4. in case 万一、以防、如果Take your umbrella in case it rains. 带着你的伞吧,以防下雨。
备战2021年高考英语经典小题考前必刷10.核心语法之名词性从句【刷重点】重点一宾语从句★★★★★1.引导宾语从句的连接词从属连词that、whether、if;连接代词what、who、whose、whatever、whichever、whoever等;连接副词when、where、why、how等;从句用陈述语序。
·We promise whoever attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.我们许诺,任何参加这个聚会的人都有跟那个电影明星合影的机会。
·I truly believe that beauty comes from within.我确信美来自内在。
·What we should take with us depends on where we'll stay.我们需要随身带什么东西,取决于我们将在什么地方停留。
2.it做形式宾语的宾语从句(1)一些动词后的宾语从句有宾语补足语时,则需要用it做形式宾语,而将that引导的宾语从句后置。
常见的这类动词有:find、feel、think、consider、believe、guess、suppose、make等。
·He has made it clear that the meeting will not be postponed.他清楚地表明会议不会被推迟。
(2)动词hate、like、dislike、appreciate、enjoy等表示“喜欢”“厌恶”等的动词以及一些动词短语see to、depend on、rely on等,常用it做形式宾语,而将宾语从句后置。
·I shall see to it that he will be taken good care of when you are absent.你不在的时候,我会确保把他照顾好。
美联英语提供:英语语法-学英语必看英语语法手册(全)10关于英语那些你不知道的事都在这里/test/quwen.aspx?tid=16-73675-0[注]在口语中,这种结构中的名词往往不用所有格,而用通格,代词往往不用物主代词,而用宾格,如上面第二、五两句可改变如下:Please excuse me interrupting you.Aunt Liu was very happy about Wang coming to see her.下面再举几例:His father agreed to him becoming an engine-driver.他父亲同意他做火车司机。
DO you remember me and my mother coming to see you?你还记得我和我母亲来看你吗?Tides are caused by the moon and sun pulling water toward them.海潮是由于月亮和太阳吸引海水而引起的。
动名词的时态1)动名词的时态形式一般式writing完成式having written2)动名词的一般式动名词的一般式所表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生,或在谓语动词表示的动作之后。
如:Children enjoy watching colour TV. 儿童喜欢看彩色电视。
(enjoy与watching同时)Would you mind opening the window and letting a little a air in?请你打开窗子,透透气好吗? (opening和letting发生在mind之后)注意下面两句中动名词所表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。
如:Do you remember cutting rice on the state farm? 你记得在国营农场割水稻的事吗? (cutting发生在remember之前)I shall never forget seeing Lu Xun for the first time in 1932.我永远不会忘记一九三二年第一次见到鲁迅的情景。
第十节定语从句I.定语从句考点和知识要点:1. 定语从句五大概念概念一、什么是定语从句?在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。
在定语从句中,被修饰的这一名词或代词叫做先行词。
在定语从句中的引导词叫做关系词。
关系词又分关系代词和关系副词。
概念二、关系词有哪些?1、关系代词:which(指sth 作主语或宾语),that(指sb或sth 作主语或宾语),who(指sb作主语或宾语),whom(指sb作宾语),whose(指sb或sth,作定语),as(指sb,sth 作主语或宾语); 注意: 做宾语的时候,关系代词可以省略。
2、关系副词:when(指时间on which),where(指地点at which),why(指原因for which)概念三、关系词通常有下列三个作用?1.引导定语从句2.代替先行词;3.在定语从句中担当一个成分。
Eg. The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman.概念四、关系代词和关系副词有何区别及方法?主要是它们在从句中所起的作用不同。
关系代词在从句中一般作主语或宾语。
而关系副词在定语从句中作状语。
Focus in:方法一:句子成份法:关系代词在句中充当主语、宾语;关系副词在从句中作状语。
方法二:句子完整法:关系代词引导的定语从句不完整;关系副词引导的定语从句是完整的。
I will never forget the days when we spent our holidays together.I will never forget the days that / which we spent together.概念五、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别A. 限制性定语从句形式上不用逗号“,”与主句隔开。
意义上是先行词不可缺少的定语,如删除,主句则失去意义或意思表达不完整。
B.非限制性定语从句只是对先行词的补充说明,如删除,主句仍能表达完整的意思。
1. I have never been to Lhasa, but that’s the city ___.A. I’d most like to visitB. which I like to visit mostlyC. where I like to visitD. I’d like much to visit2. They overcame all the difficulties and completed the project two months ahead of time, ___ is something we had not expected.A. whichB. itC. thatD. what3. ____ , he always tries his best to complete it on time.A. However the task is hardB. However hard the task isC. Though hard the task isD. Though hard is the task4. ____ I sympathize, I can’t really do very much to help them out of the difficulties.A. As long asB. AsC. WhileD. Even5. Acute hearing helps most animals sense the approach of thunderstorms long before people ___.A. doB. hearC. do themD. hearing it6. Fat con not change into muscle ___ muscle changes into fat.A. any more thanB. no more thanC. no less thanD. much more than7. The experiment requires more money than ___.A. have been put inB. being put inC. has been put inD. to be put in8 There ought to be less anxiety over the perceived risk ofmountain climbing than ___ in the public mind today.A. existsB. existC. existingD. to exist9. Language belongs to each member of the society, to the cleaner ___ to the professor.A. as far asB. the same asC. as much asD. as long as10. The physicist has made a discovery, ___ of great importance to the progress of science and technology.A. I think which isB. that I think isC. which I think isD. which I think it is11. She remembered several occasions in the past ___ she had experienced a similar feelings.A. whichB. beforeC. thatD. when12. He is __ as a “bellyacher”---he is always complaining about something.A. who is knownB. whom is knownC. what is knownD. which is known13. The indoor swimming pool seems to be a great more luxurious than ____A. is necessaryB. being necessaryC. to be necessaryD. it is necessary14. Western Nebraska generally receives less snow than ___Eastern Nebraska.A. inB. it receives inC. doesD. it does in15. This is an illness that can result in total blindness ___ left untreated.A. afterB. ifC. sinceD. unless16. Fool ___ Jane is , she could not have done such a thing.A. whoB. asC. thatD. like17. After ___ seemed an endless wait, it was her turn to enter the personnel manager’s office.A. thatB. thereC. whatD. it18. The residents, ___had been damaged by the fire, were given help by the Red Cross.A. all of their homesB. all their homesC. whose all homesD. all of whose homes19. ___ receiving financial support from family, community or the government is allowed, it is never admired.A. AsB. OnceC. AlthoughD. Lest20. Beer is the most popular drink among male drinkers, __ overall consumption is significantly higher than that of women.A. whichB. itsC. thatD. whose21. There was a teapot fashioned like a china duck, out of ___ open mouth the ten was supposed to come.A. whichB. itsC. thatD. whose22. We will visit Europe next year___ we have enough money.A. lestB. untilC. unlessD. provided23. Although he knew little about the large amount of work done in the field, he succeeded ____ other more well-informed experimenters failed.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. where24. In India more than one hundred languages are spoken, __ which only fourteen are recognized as official.A. ofB. inC. withD. within25. ___much is known about what occurs during sleep, the precise function of sleep and its different stages remains largely in the realm of assumption.A. BecauseB. SinceC. ForD. While26. Government reports, examination compositions, legal documents and most business letters are the main situations ___ formal language is used.A. in whichB. on whichC. in thatD. at what27. Although Anne is happy with her success, she wonders __ will happen to her private life.A. thatB. whatC. itD. this28. I have never been to Beijing, but it is the place___.A. where I’d like to visitB. in which I’d like to visitC. I most want to visitD. that I want to visit it most29. The course normally attracts 20 students per year, ___ up to half will be from orient.A. in whichB. for whomC. with whichD. of whom30. The fire was finally brought under control, but not ___ extensive damage had been caused.A. afterB. beforeC. sinceD. as31. __ you are leaving tomorrow, we can eat dinner together tonight.A. ForB. SinceC. BeforeD. While32. We hadn’t met for 20 years, but I recognized her ___ I saw her.A. for the momentB. the moment whenC. at the moment whenD. the moment33. The hours __ the children spend in their one-way relationship with television people undoubtedly affect heir relationship with real-life people.A. in whichB. on whichC. whenD. that34. What have I done ___you should treat me like this?A. thatB. howC. whyD. whether35. We need a chairman ___.A. for whom everyone has confidenceB. in whom everyone has confidenceC. who everyone has confidence ofD. whom everyone has confidence on36. __ difficulties we may come across, we will help one another to overcome them.A. WhereverB. WhateverC. HoweverD. Whenever37. ___ the calculation is right, scientists can never be sure that they have included all variables and modeled them accurately.A. Even ifB. As far asC. If onlyD. So long as38. Agriculture was a step in human progress__ which subsequently there was not anything compatible until our own machine age.A. inB. forC. toD. from39. ____, there was no mistake that she was displeased.A. As her words were gently spokenB. Spoken as her words were gentlyC. Were as her words gently spokenD. Gently as her words were spoken40. We grow all our own fruit and vegetables, ___saves money, of course.A. whatB. whichC. asD. that41. New York has is famous for its skyscrapers, ___ has more than100 floors.A. the highestB. the highest of thatC. the highest of whichD. the highest of them42. ___ is known to the world, Mark Twain is a great American writer.A. ThatB. WhichC. AsD. It43. This old school is still having ___ of students ___ it had a hundred years ago when it was first founded.A. the same amount; asB. the same number; asC. equal numbers ;likeD. the same number; when44. ___ surprises many youngsters.A. Butter flies are insectsB. Butter flies as insectsC. Butter flies being insectsD. The fact that butterflies are insects45. living in the western part of the country has its problems, __ obtaining fresh water is not the least.A. with whichB. for whichC. of whichD. which答案:1—5 AABCA 6—10 ACACC 11—15 DCACB 16—20 BCDCD 21—25 DDDAD 26—30 ABCDB31—35 BDDAB 36—40 BACDB 41—45 CCBDC。