(word完整版)高考翻译精选模拟题6.doc
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语法填空专题湖北省武汉市2020届高三英语毕业生六月供题一第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Dear world, here is why you should care about astronomy. It’s true that its advances benefit millions of people across the world. It has developed technology now to track where your 61But all of these are mere second thoughts, 63 (benefit) that have occurred without the primary intention of the maker. And that is 64 makes astronomy beautiful. To study something — not because we’re looking to gain anything in particular, but purely 65 (enjoy) natural wonders — 66 (be) all that makes us human. Doing work for the work itself creates room for mindfulness and joy.(firm) believe that astronomy has a spiritual dimension in the sense of how it connects us with something bigger than ourselves. Because 68 astronomy we now know exactly when the Universe69 (come) into existence. And we’ve spotted thousands of planet s (confuse) us for thousands of years, but even more significant, it has opened up more mysteries than any of us can study in our lifetime.第二节 61. package 62. on 63. benefits 64. what 65. to enjoy66. is 67. firmly 68. of 69. came 70. confusing湖北省黄冈中学2020届高三英语6月模拟考试试题第二节(共 10 题;每小题 1.5 分,满分 15 分)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
2022年高考试题分项解析之专题6七选五1.【2022·全国新课标I】依据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。
Secret codes (密码)keep messages private。
Banks, companies, and government agencies use secret codes in doing business, especially when information is sent by computer.People have used secret codes for thousands of years. 36 Code breaking never lags(落后) far behind code making. The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography.There are three main types of cryptography. 37 For example, the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels”Spell out the hidden message “Meet me.”38 You might represent each letter with a number, For example, Let’s number the letters of the alphabet, in order, from 1 to 26. If we substitute a number for each letter, the message “Meet me” would read “13 5 20 13 5.”A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences. To read the message of a real code, you must have a code book. 39 For example “bridge“ might stand for “meet” and “out” might stand for “me.” The message “bridge out” would actually mean “Meet me.”40 However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long. So codes must be changed frequently.A.It is very hard to break a code without the code book.B.In any language, some letters are used more than others.C.Only people who know the keyword can read the message.D.As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.E.You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.F.With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words.G.Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.2.【2022·全国新课标II】依据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
IV. Chinese Translation of Paragraphs1. 旅行好比私通:人总受到背叛自己国家的诱惑。
拥有想象力,必定意味着对自己生活的地方不再满意。
男人都有一种离心倾向,我们渴望旅行,恰似那些寻欢的情人。
2. 也只有在旅行之时,我们才赞赏古旧之物。
在国内——至少对美国人而言,所有东西都必须得是新近的。
但是我们走出国门的时候,却只对古老的东西感兴趣,因为我们想看看那些历经时间侵袭而保存下来的遗迹。
3. 我们旅行的时候,会放下戒备和忧虑,渴望回归过去;我们是向后倒退而非向前迈进;我们培养着自己的歇斯底里。
4. 我们旅行的时候会呈现出自己最好的一面,正如我们穿上自己最漂亮的衣服出行一般,只有我们的护照才会提醒我们,实际上自己是多么平淡无奇!我们出国去认识我们那个陌生的自己,那个诞生在飞机上且令人激动的陌生人。
我们去欧洲观赏那些借便利之名已经从我们的文化中废掉或剔除的一切:宗教、皇室、古雅、差异以及激情。
我们深信其他国家的人民比我们更加热情奔放。
5. 我们每个人都在伪装——不然缘何我们会戴上墨镜并在谈吐举止中尽力模仿另一个地方的本土居民呢?在家里,我们才做回自己;出国后,我们则尽力成为自己始终想做的人。
尽管最近大家都在谈论有关根的话题,但我们中的许多人都厌倦了自己的根,而这根本身也可能入土很浅,于是我们四处旅行,寻找无根的感觉。
6. 人变得好奇起来,旅行也就开始了。
教会的影响力、传统的生活方式、缺乏钱财、难得闲暇, 都制约了人们的好奇心。
直到17世纪,在科学发现的促进之下,物质世界的大门才被撬开。
也只有那时,人们才开始旅行,寻求世俗的快慰。
7. 旅行可增长见识,可洞悉本国或异域的文化,可造就现代人的厌倦感。
类似十字军东征的元素在现代旅行者身上依然存在,只不过他是个人出征,这是驱使他远离家乡,进行说不清道不明的精神征战的一种冲动。
8. 当然,旅行最普通的原因就是为了远离家乡。
弗洛伊德说我们旅行是为了逃离父亲和家庭,而我们也可以补充说是为了逃离我们熟悉的一切。
高考历年文言文原文及翻译(2008-2020年)高考历年文言文原文及翻译(2008-2020 年)2020 一卷(一)文言文阅读(本题共4 4 小题,9 19 分)阅读下面的文言文,完成10-13 题苏轼字子瞻,眉州眉山人。
母程氏亲授以书,闻古今成败,辄能语其要。
嘉祐二年,试礼部。
主司欧阳修思惊喜,殿试中乙科。
后以书见修,修语梅圣俞曰:“吾当避此人出一头地。
” 洵卒,赠光禄丞。
既除丧,还朝,以判官告院,安时创行新法,轼上书论其不便;新政日下,轼于其间,每因法以便民,民赖以安。
徙知密州。
司农行手实法,不时施行者以违制论。
轼谓提举官曰:“违制之坐,若自朝廷,谁敢不从?今出于司农,是擅造律也。
”提举官惊曰:“公姑徐之。
”未几,朝廷知法害民,罢之。
元佑元年,轼以七品服入侍延和,即赐银绯,迁中书舍人,三年权知礼部贡举会大雪苦寒士坐庭中噤未能言轼宽其禁约使得尽技巡铺内侍每摧辱举子且持暖昧单词诬以为罪轼尽奏逐之四年,积以论事,为当轴者所恨。
轼恐不见容,请外,拜龙图阁学士、知杭州。
既至杭,大旱,饥疫并作。
轼请于朝,免本路上供米三之一,复得赐度僧牒,易米以救饥者。
明年春,又减价粜常平米,多作饘粥药剂,遣使挟医分坊治病,活者甚众。
轼曰:“杭,水陆之会,疫死比他处常多。
”乃裒羡缗得二千,复发橐中黄金五十两,以作病坊,稍畜钱粮待之。
徽宗立,更三大敖,遂提举玉局观,复朝奉郎。
轼自元佑以来,未尝以岁课乞迁,故官止于此。
建中靖国元年,卒于常州,轼师父洵为文,既而得之于天,尝自谓:“作文如行云流水,初无定质,但常行于所当行,止于所不可不止。
”虽嬉笑怒骂之辞,皆可书而诵之。
其体浑涵光芒,雄视百代,有文章以来,盖亦鲜矣。
(节选自《宋史·苏轼传》)【参考译文】苏轼,字子瞻,眉州眉山(今四川省眉山县)人。
苏轼十岁时,母亲程氏亲自教授苏轼读书。
听到古今的成败得失,常能说出其中的要害。
嘉祐二年(1057),参加礼部的科举考试,主考官欧阳修见到苏轼的文章很惊喜,参加殿试考中了乙科,后来苏轼携书信拜见欧阳修,欧阳修对梅尧臣说:“我要避开他,好让他出人头地。
unit 11.他为这次面试中可能面对的问题准备好了答案。
(confront)2.他那悲惨的遭遇深深打动了我们,使我们几乎要哭出声来。
( touch )3.他们俩沿着河边手挽着手散步,有说有笑,非常愉快。
( hand in hand )4.他听到这令人激动地消息之后,眼睛里涌出欢乐的泪水。
( well up )5.上海人容易听懂苏州话,因为上海话和苏州话有许多共同之处。
( in common )6.亨利和妻子正在研究能否在三年内买一幢新房子。
( look into )7.对女儿再三请求到国外去深造,他最终让步了。
(give in to)8.我们把所有的贵重物品都锁好了,然后才出去度假。
( lock away )9.虽然咱们分手了,但我希望咱们依然是好朋友,像以前一样互相关心,互相帮助。
( part )10.在紧急关头,军长召集全体军官开会,制定新的克敌战略战术。
( summon ) unit 21.一个有外交部长率领的政府代表团昨天抵达南非,开始对该国进行为期三天的友好访问。
( head )2.看看这些讽刺社会弊端的漫画真是很有意思,令人捧腹大笑。
( awfully funny )3.计算机是最有用的教学工具之一,所有的功课以及所有的问题和答案都可在屏幕上显示出来。
(show on a screen)4.小张的母亲前天突然病倒,他赶紧派人请来医生给他母亲治疗。
(send for)5.他去年高考失败,但他并未为感到沮丧。
他继续努力,今年考上了一所名牌大学。
(disappoint )6.这个中学生有许多英语单词发音不准,必须狠下功夫,学好音标,掌握标准的语音。
( pronounce)7.在这个知识爆炸、信息爆炸的时代,我们必须不断学习,注意知识更新,才能适应专业工作的需要。
(become adjusted to)8.那男孩吧衬衫塞进裤腰里,将皮包夹在腋下,看上去俨然一副老板模样。
(tuck)9.这位女孩虽然只有8岁,但已擅长计算分数了。
新汉语水平考试HSK(六级)模拟试卷6(题后含答案及解析)题型有:1. 听力 2. 阅读 3. 书写一、听力第一部分听力原文:第一部分第1到15题,请选出与所听内容一致的一项。
现在开始第1题:1.全球变暖将给地球和人类带来许多复杂而巨大的影响,既有正面的,也有负面的。
二氧化碳的增加会促进植物的生长,这是全球变暖的正面影响。
但随之而来的冰川融化、农业减产、疾病传播等问题则给人类带来了更大的困扰。
2.维生素A具有多种功能,它对视力、骨骼的生长、胎儿的发育等都是必需的。
缺乏维生素A会导致视力下降、牙齿停止生长、食欲下降等问题。
但是,过量的维生素A对人体具有毒性,可表现为皮肤干燥、头痛、失眠、呕吐、低热、容易疲倦、烦躁不安等。
3.西红柿炒鸡蛋是许多家庭餐桌上的一道家常菜。
它制作方法简单,营养搭配合理。
西红柿中含有丰富的维生素B和C,对心脏具有良好的保护作用,同时能够减少癌症的发生。
鸡蛋中含有丰富的DHA,能够改善记忆力。
因此,这道菜深受大家喜爱。
4.意大利人酷爱咖啡,因此在意大利,咖啡馆遍地开花。
不过你也许不知道,意大利人在不同的时间喝不同的咖啡,正宗的意大利咖啡是不加牛奶的,而且要站着喝。
如果你选择坐下喝咖啡,需要另外付服务费。
这种风俗大概有60年左右的历史。
5.英国一位15岁的中学生身高超过2.3米,而且目前他还在继续长高,以至于同学们在和他交谈时都要抬头仰视。
据了解,小学毕业的时候,他的身高就已经超过了父母,他父母的身高分别为1.82米和1.77米。
6.一项最新研究结果显示:如果3到5年持续承受高度压力,人类的记忆力就有可能衰退。
研究人员相信,压力是造成记忆受损的重要因素,过多的压力会极大地损害记忆力。
7.日前,一名来自英国的年仅14岁的“数学神童”成为剑桥大学237年历史上最年轻的大学生。
他是在通过大学入学考试之后被剑桥大学录取的。
远在1773年,剑桥大学也曾录取过一位14岁的天才少年。
8.最新研究发现,小时候被父母打过的孩子,远比那些从来没挨过打的孩子生活得更快乐,而且更可能成功。
高中英语真题:高考英语语法填空专练(6)及答案【语法填空】A Russian PoemSince childhood, Anton had often recited poems, accompani ed by pianists and violinists, at wedding ceremonies ____1____ brides and bridegrooms exchanged rings. Gradually, he found writing poems the most appropriate way ____2____(convey) his joy and sorrow. When his poem Contradictory Blank won ___3___ a national championship and a scholarship to the ___4_____ a sponsor, he was just____5____ unknown librarian. ____6____ getting his diploma, he devoted his life to writing poems. _7___(use) concrete but flexible lan guage and the minimum of words ___8___ (be) his style. He trie d out different patterns and ___9____(prefer) nursery rhyme in p articular. The following is a translation of one of his works__10_ ___ (make) up of 3 sections:Little sparrow with heavy load, Ran out of energy and very cold;No compass and all sweat salty, Can you go through the endless darkness?Little balloon let out by the thread, Flew over cottages and was very glad;With warmth transformed from sunlight, He said he could fo rever fly;Take it easy, little balloon; Don’t tease the sparrow with his wound;On the bare branch and have a rest; This diamond heart will eventually get success.27. 【参考答案】Keys:1 before2 to convey3 him4 from5 an6 After7 Using8 is9 preferred 10 made【语法填空】Let’s Help AdolescentsWhether they are male or female, adolescents feel like decidi ng on everything themselves in spite of parents’ instruction, esp ecially when they face problems like sex, mental stress, etc., w hich make them feel ashamed and embarrassed. Thus they oft en automatically get into troubles due to their ____1_____(perfe ct) comprehension and judgement. Some are addicted to cigarettes, only several packets of ___2____will hurt their lungs and m ake them breathless quickly. Others can’t quit drinking alcohol, ___3_______harmful effects include causing young pregnant wo men to abort or give birth to___4_____ (normal) babies. The wor st is drug abuse, for the withdrawal is tough once their bodies a re accustomed to the drugs. Meanwhile, those who share nee dles ____5____(buy) from illegal chemists are at great risk of___ __6___ ( infect) with desperate AIDS. If so, neither injecting nor taking pills can guarantee their survival.However, don’t be disappointed at or have prejudice __7____ o ur children so easily. After all, being awkward is ____8___ appe ndix of youth. As long as we ___9____ (strong ) communication with them instead of only banning this or banning that, we will s urely help them avoid anything ____10_____(fit).28. 【参考答案】Keys:1 imperfect2 which3 whose4 abnormal5 bought6 being infected7 against8 an9 strenthen 10 unfit广东省语法填空阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
(word完整版)⾼考英语翻译模拟题116-121[1]⾼考英语翻译模拟题1161.天看来要下⾬。
(likely)2.务必在周五之前上交你的论⽂。
(hand)3.⼀年以后他们才查明了事故的起因。
(before)4.有些⽹上的消息弄到最后不⼀定是事实。
(prove)5.不管你给他多少忠告,他依然我⾏我素。
(advice)6.我们年轻⼈应该有远⼤的志向,不应该安于现状。
(….and…)7.那时,我没有意识到他不在。
(aware)8.在森林中迷路是⼀种很可怕的经历。
(lose)9.信不信由你,他和以前判若两⼈了。
(believe)10.只有这样,你才会在学习上有所进步。
(Only…)11.我在全神贯注地看书,忘记了我有⼀个重要的会议要参加。
(absorb)12.我从未想到会在机场见到多年未曾谋⾯的⽼师。
(occur)13.⾛北边的⼩路能到达⼭顶。
(accessible)14.在法庭上,他没能说服法官相信他的⽆辜。
(convince)15.他刚⼊睡,电话铃就响了。
(Scarcely)16.据报道,昨天早上8:45左右发⽣了⼀场严重的交通事故。
(occur)17.警察抓住我以120公⾥的时速驾驶,就给我开了张罚单。
(catch)18.奥运圣⽕境外传递后,⾹港是中国第⼀座迎接其归来的城市。
(flame, journey)19.⽐赛的详细情况可以从因特⽹上获得。
(available)20.我忘了提醒他⾯试的时间。
(remain)⾼考英语翻译模拟题1171. 即使每天有48个⼩时,我也⽆法完成这么多的回家作业。
(even if)1.我肯定他会抽出时间来为这次求职⾯试作好准备。
(set aside)2.你认为这份阅读材料对仅仅学过两年英语的学⽣合适吗?(suitable)3.事实上,如果没有受过适当的训练,你要想从事这种要求⾼的⼯作是很难的。
(take up)4.她打算毕业后从事与她⽗母⼀样的职业吗?(intend)5.我们所能做的⼀件事是尽量买“绿⾊”产品。
Exercise 1 Correct mistakes in the following E-C translation (改正误译):1.He said that no one could beat him at tennis, but he had to eat his word after losing several games.原译:他说打网球谁也不能打败他,但输了几局之后,他不得不食言了。
改译:他说打网球谁也不能打败他,但输了几局之后,他不得不承认自己说错了。
(to eat one’s w ord: to retract what one has said; to admit that what one has said is not correct.)2.I bought a tape-recorder for a song.原译:我买了一台录音机来听唱歌。
改译:我廉价买了一台录音机。
(for a song: for a very small price, very cheaply)3.His uncle always remembers him on his birthday.原译:他叔叔总是记得他的生日。
改译:他叔叔总在生日那天送他礼物。
(Here “remember” means to make a present to,; give money or present to.)4.My dogs are killing me.原译:我的狗要咬死我了。
改译:我的双脚痛死了。
(dogs here means feet)5.The parents left their children feeling very depressed.原译:家长离开了他们的孩子,感到很沮丧。
改译:家长使他们的孩子很沮丧。
6.I appreciate this oil paining much more now that you have explained it to me.原译:现在我更欣赏这幅油画了。
翻译练习一、修改或润饰下列译文:1. A translator has to know everything of something and something of everything. 原译:翻译人员对一些事情要什么都懂,对什么事情都要懂一些。
改译:翻译人员对某些事情要全面了解,也要什么都懂一点。
2.If an information is translated well, it seems never translated at all.原译:真正的好译文就好像是没有经过翻译一样。
改译:3.Don’t do unto others what you don’t want others do unto you.原译:不要对别人做那些你不想别人对你做的事情。
改译:己所不欲勿施于人。
4.Who keeps company with the wolf will learn to howl.原译:近朱者赤,近墨者黑。
改译:5.We’d like to express our appreciation to you for all you’ve done for us in thetrade.原译:我们对于你们在这笔交易中为我们所做的一切表示由衷的感谢。
改译:对你6.We wish to advise you that the relative L/C has been established.原译:我们希望通知你们,相关信用证已经开出。
改译:7.Clear or cloudy skies may continue for the next week in the city.原译:本市下周将保持晴天或多云交错的天气。
改译:晴天或多云交错的天气讲持续到下周。
8.The stock market is expected to bottom out at the end of this month.原译:股市可望本月末停止下跌并随即回升。
文言翻译1、把文中画横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。
太祖尝弹雀于后园,有群臣称有急事请见,太祖亟见之,其所奏乃常事耳。
上怒,诘其故,对曰,臣以为尚急于弹雀。
”上愈怒,举柱斧柄撞其口,堕两齿,其人徐俯拾齿置怀中。
上骂曰:“汝怀齿欲讼我邪?”对曰: “臣不能讼陛下,自当有史官书之。
”上悦,赐金帛慰劳之。
(选自《涑水记闻》,有删改)1.有群臣称有急事请见,太祖亟见之,其所奏乃常事耳。
2.上怒,诘其故,对曰:“臣以尚急于弹雀。
2、把文中画横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。
楚人和氏得玉璞楚山中,奉而献之厉王。
厉王使玉人相之,玉人曰:“石也。
”王以和为诳,而刖[注]其左足。
及厉王薨,武王即位,和又奉其璞而献之武王。
武王使玉人相之,又曰:“石也。
”王又以和为诳,而刖其右足。
武王薨,文王即位。
和乃抱其墣而哭于楚山之下,三日三夜,泪尽而继之以血。
王闻之,使人问其故, 曰:“天下之刖者多矣,子奚哭之悲也?”和曰:“吾非悲刖也,悲夫宝玉而题之以石,贞士而名之以诳,此吾所以悲也。
”王乃使玉人理其墣而得宝焉,遂命曰“和氏之璧”。
(有删改) [注]刖:砍掉。
1.楚人和氏得玉璞楚山中,奉而献之厉王。
2.王闻之,使人问其故,曰:“天下之刖者多矣,子奚哭之悲也?”3、把文中画横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。
晏平仲婴者,莱之夷维人也。
事齐灵公、庄公、景公,以节俭力行重于齐。
既相齐,食不重肉,妾不衣帛。
其在朝,君语及之,即危言;语不及之,即危行。
国有道,即顺命;无道,即衡命。
以此三世显名于诸侯。
越石父贤,在缧绁中。
晏子出,遭之途,解左骖赎之,载归。
弗谢,入闺。
久之,越石父请绝,晏子戄然, 摄衣冠谢曰:“婴虽不仁,免子于厄,何子求绝之速也?”石父曰:“不然。
吾闻君子屈于不知己而伸于知己者。
方吾在缧绁中,彼不知我也。
夫子既已感寤而赎我,是知己;知己而无礼,固不如在缧绁之中。
”晏子于是延入为上客。
(选自《史记·管晏列传》,有删改)1.晏平仲婴者,莱之夷维人也。
2023年高考语文上学期9月模拟评估卷(二)本卷满分150分,考试时间150分钟。
注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。
回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上。
写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
一、现代文阅读(36分)(一)论述类文本阅读(本题共3小题,9分)阅读下面的文字,完成1-3题。
“忠”文化自其在中华大地上萌芽至今已有三千余年历史,是中华民族传统文化的重要组成部分。
与“忠”相关联的忠信、忠义、忠言等词汇长期以来广为流传,并在潜移默化中提升着人们精神生活的境界。
“忠”文化酿造了传统文化中无私奉献、舍身成仁的高尚观念,在它的深刻影响下,中国古代出现了大批忠心为国、一心为民的仁人志士,这在当时对社会稳定与进步起到了积极的作用。
在当今大力捍卫国家和平统一、维持社会稳定、维护市场经济秩序、建设廉洁政治的时代背景下,我们须再次重视“忠”文化的真正内涵和“忠”文化的社会价值,使“忠”文化在当代社会生活中发挥其应有的功用。
《说文解字》一书中对“忠”的释义为“敬也”。
段玉裁先生为《说文解字》所作注释中又将其展开,“忠,敬也。
敬者,肃也。
未有尽心而不敬者。
……尽心曰忠。
”由此可见,忠的本义是一种发自人的内心的恭谨敬重的感情。
同时回溯词源,“忠”又通“中”,取正直、不偏之意,这就使得“忠”带有了很强的原则性,而“忠”亦表示贯彻始终、坚定不移,这一层涵义又反映了“忠”具有的崇高性。
因此从词源字义上看,“忠”是全心全意待人处事的态度,是人对所认定的目标和事业的坚持与执着。
春秋时期是“忠”文化发展传播的关键阶段,在忠本源意义的基础上,古代圣贤智者又为它赋予了更加丰富的、具体的内容。
《孟子·梁惠王》中说:“壮者以暇日修其孝悌、忠信,入以事其父兄,出以事其长上。
_______级 _________系 ___________专业 _____________班 姓名____________ 学号________________ ——————————密——————————————封——————————————线————————_________________________________________________________________________________________________实,在它们之间有一道有序有效的“桥梁”,这就是维管束。
说到维管束,先要说绿色植物的发展和进化。
如果绿色植物一直生活在水中的话,那么几乎所有的细胞都可以与环境亲密接触,就谈不上谁给谁提供什么,自然也就不需要什么运输通道。
然而,植物要走上陆地,要争取更多的空间,就不能总趴在地上。
为了地上部分不至于离开水而死亡,一些细胞开始扮演专职交通员的角色。
最原始的细胞,连成了管道,管道聚合成丁管道束,一条运输养分的高速公路就此修建了起来,这就是维管束。
最先在陆地上站稳脚跟时,正是率先装备了维管束系统的蕨类植物。
它们在陆地环境中超越了苔藓,取得领先地位,开不断被继承、发展和优化。
维管束表现植物智慧的地方在于,它们不光是架设了运输桥梁,还对桥梁用途进行了划刀包含着植物进化中对提高运输效率的考量。
根据维管柬自身构造及其运输功能的差别,维束管又可以分为木质部和韧皮部。
一般来说,木质部居于树干中心,由管胞或者导管连接而严贝贡运输水分和矿物后 俗话说,“树活一层皮”,韧皮部就处在这树皮中,负责从上到下运瓞等碳水化合物。
除了运输物品有别之外,木质部和韧皮部还有一个关键的区别,就是成熟的木质部细胞都是死的,而成熟韧皮部的筛管细胞都是活的。
并且由于筛管运输的是大分子有机物,所以在精简了细胞结构、增强了透性的筛管细胞中还有一种被称为“伴胞”的小细胞,负责提供支援。
要维持正常的运输工作,维管束自身也需要营养供应,所以在维管束之间还间杂分布着“一片片”薄壁组织,从木材的横切面上可以看到从树心到树皮的一条条放射状的纹路,就是它们了。
2021届高考全国模拟题汇编——古诗鉴赏题30道(2021八省新高考模拟一)阅读下面这首古诗,完成下列各题。
故人寄茶李德裕剑外九华英,缄题下玉京。
开时微月上,碾处乱泉声。
半夜邀僧至,孤吟对竹烹。
碧流霞脚碎,香泛乳花轻。
六腑睡神去,数朝诗思清。
其余不敢费,留伴读书行。
【注】作者一说曹邺。
(1)下列对这首诗的理解和赏析,不正确的一项是()(3分)A. 开篇扣题,“缄题”扣“寄”,“剑外”“玉京”暗寓千里寄茶情意深厚。
B. 作者将茶碾碎烹煎,已至半夜还邀请僧人前来品饮,足见其爱茶之深。
C. 绿色茶汤悦人眼目,香气四溢,轻落于盏旁的花朵增添了饮茶的意趣。
D. 作者不愿耗用余茶,要留下在读书时饮用,表现了对茶和友情的珍视。
(2)“微月”“泉声”“竹”三个意象对写饮茶一事有何作用?请简要分析。
(6分)【参考答案】(1) C(曲解诗意。
“轻落于盏旁的花朵增添了饮茶的意趣”不当。
“香泛乳花轻”是说茶汤表面泛起如花般的茶沫,茶沫轻盈,茶香四溢。
)(2)“微月”点明开茶的时间,渲染了清幽的气氛;“泉声”以动衬静,突出了碾茶时环境的清静;“竹”写出了饮茶之处的雅致。
三个意象展现了烹茶饮茶的美好环境,从侧面烘托出饮茶的清雅脱俗之趣。
(2021云南省昆明市模拟)阅读下面这首元曲,完成下列各题。
【中吕】普天乐•江头秋行赵善庆稻粱肥,蒹葭莠。
黄添篱落,绿淡汀洲。
木叶空,山容瘦。
沙鸟翻风知潮候,望烟江万顷沉秋。
半竿落日,一声过雁,几处危楼。
注:危楼,高耸的阁楼。
(1)下列对这首曲的理解和分析,不正确的一项是()A. 一、二两句写江边庄稼肥硕茂密,江渚上蒹葭萧疏秀美,显现出秋景的生机与诗意。
B. 三、四句中的“添”“淡”两字,生动展现出由夏入秋时大自然色彩的渐变过程。
C. “山容”之所以“瘦”,是因为深秋时节木落千山,山峰才显露出突兀嶙峋的轮廓。
D. 整首曲写了作者江头秋行的所见所闻,透露出诗人的惊喜之情,句式整齐活泼。
(2)《江头秋行》是写景名作,作者是怎样描写景物的?请结合全曲简要分析。
(6)名篇名句默写——2023年高考语文真题模拟试题专项汇编【2023年全国甲卷】1.补写出下列句子中的空缺部分。
(1)《邹忌讽齐王纳谏》中记载,齐王接受邹忌的意见,广开言路。
一开始有很多人进谏,以至“____________”;过了几个月后,则“____________”。
(2)鲍照曾以“对案不能食,拔剑击柱长叹息”表达内心愤懑,李白《行路难》中的两句诗“____________,____________”,描写相近动作,抒写近似心情。
(3)花和雪都是古诗词中常见的物象,古代诗人常常以雪喻花,或以花喻雪,比如“____________,____________”。
【2023年全国乙卷】2.补写出下列句子中的空缺部分。
(1)白居易《琵琶行》中“_____________,_____________”两句,写琵琶女结束演奏后的动作及神态,同时也引出下文对其身世的叙述。
(2)宋代张孝祥以“玉鉴琼田三万顷,着我扁舟一叶”描写舟泛水上,境界开阔,与苏轼《赤壁赋》中“_____________,_____________”两句所写的景致非常相似。
(3)小刚因病不能参加比赛,汪教练给他发了一条信息。
写道:“人生中的机遇绝非只有一次,古诗云:‘_____________,_____________。
’我对你永远充满信心!”【2023年新课标Ⅰ卷】3.补写出下列句子中的空缺部分。
(1)司马迁在《报任安书》中说,自己编写《史记》“_____________”,便遭遇了李陵之祸,因痛惜这部书不能完成,所以“__________”。
(2)《旧唐书·音乐志》记载竖箜篌“体曲而长,二十有二弦”,而李贺《李凭箜篌引》中“__________,__________”两句,说明竖箜篌的弦数还有另一种可能。
(3)小刚临摹了一幅诸葛亮的画像,想在上面题两句诗,却一直没想好。
汪老师认为不妨直接用古人成句,比如“__________,__________”就很好。
全真模拟演练(六)第一部分:阅读判断(每题1分,共10分)下面的短文后列出了10个句子,请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断:如果该句提供的是正确信息,选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息,选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及,选择C。
Why Is Native Language Learnt So WellHow does it happen that children learn their mother tongue so well? When we compare them with adults learning a foreign language,we often find this interesting fact.A little child without knowledge or experience often succeeds in a complete mastery of the language.A grown-up person with fully developed mental powers,in most cases,may end up with a faulty and inexact command.What accounts for this difference?Despite other explanations,the real answer in my opinion lies partly in the child himself,partly in the behaviour of the people around him.In the first place,the time of learning the mother tongue is the most favourable of all,namely,the first years of life.A child hears it spoken from morning till night and, what is more important,always in its genuine(纯正的)form,with the right pronunciation,right intonation, and right use of words and right structure.He drinks in all the words and expressions which come to him in a fresh,ever bubbling spring.There is no resistance: there is perfect assimilation(同化).Then the child has,as it were,private lessons all the year round,while an adult language student has each week a limited number of hours which he generally shares with others.The child has another advantage:he hears the language in all possible situations,always accompanied by the right kind of gestures and facial expressions.Here there is nothing unnatural,as is often found in language lessons in schools,when one talks about ice and snow in June or scorching(炎热的)heat in January.And what a child hears is generally what immediately interests him.Again and again,when his attempts at speech are successful, his desires are understood and fulfilled.Finally,though a child’s “teachers”may not have been trained in language teaching,their relation with him are always close and personal.They take great pains to make their lessons pared with adults learning a foreign language,children learn their native language with ease.( A )A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given2.Adults’ knowledge and mental powers hinder(妨碍)their complete mastery of a foreign language.( C )A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given3.The reason why children learn their mother tongue so well lies solely in their environment of learning.( B )A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given4.Plenty of practice in listening during the first years of life partly ensures children’s success of learning their mother tongue.( A )A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given5.A child learning his native language has the advantage of having private lessons all the year round.( B )A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given6.Gestures and facial expressions may assist a child in mastering his native language.( A )A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given7.The study hours for adult language learners are very short,compared with the children.( A )A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given8.The language practiced on language lessons in schools is often unnatural.( A )A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given9.A child’s “teachers”are usually trained in language teaching.( B )A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given10.Different children learn their native languages at sharply different speed.( C )A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given第二部分:阅读选择(每题2分,共10分)The Definition of “Price”Prices determine how resources are to be used. They are also the means by which products and services that are in limited supply are rationed among buyers.The price system of the United States is a complex network composed ofthe prices of all the products bought and sold in the economy as well as those of a myriad of services,including labor,professional, transportation, and public-utility services. The interrelationships of all these prices make up the “system”of prices.The price of any particular product or service is linked to a broad,complicated system of prices in which everything seems to depend more or less upon everything else.If one were to ask a group of randomly selected individuals to define “price”,many would reply that price is an amount of money paid by the buyer to the seller of a product or service or,in other words, that price is the money value of a product or service as agreed upon in a market transaction. This definition is,of course, valid as far as it goes. For a complete understanding of a price in any particular transaction, much more than the amount of money involved must be known. Both the buyer and the seller should be familiar with not only the money amount,but with the amount and quality of the product or service to be exchanged, the time and place at which the exchange will take place and payment will be made, the form of money to be used, the credit terms and discounts that apply to the transaction,guarantees on the product or service,delivery terms, return privileges, and other factors. In other words,both buyer and seller should be fully aware of all the factors that comprise the total “package”being exchanged for the asked-for amount of money in order that they may evaluate a given price.11.What is the best title for the passage?( B )A.The Inherent Weaknesses of the Price System.B.The Complexities of the Price System.C.Credit Terms in Transactions.D.Resource Allocation and the Public Sector.12.According to the passage,the price system is related primarily to ________( D )bor and educationB.Transportation and insuranceC.Utilities and repairsD.Products and services13.According to the passage,which of the following is NOT a factor in the complete understanding of price?( A )A.Instructions that come with a product.B.The quantity of a product.C.The quality of a product.D.Warranties that cover a product.14.In the last sentence of the passage,“they”refers to_______( C )A.return privilegesB.all the factorsC.buyer and sellerD.money15.The paragraph following the passage most likely discusses_________( D )A.unusual ways to advertise productsB.Types of payment plans for serviceC.Theories about how products affect different levels of societyD.How certain elements of a price “package”influence its market value第三部分:概括段落大意和补全句子(每题1分,共10分)阅读下面的短文,请完成短文后的2项测试任务:(1)从第16-20题后所给的6个选项中为第①-⑤段每段选择1个正确的小标题;(2)从第21-25题后所给的6个选项中选择5个正确选项,分别完成每个句子。
(英语)高二英语试卷英语翻译题分类汇编一、高中英语翻译1.高中英语翻译题:Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.晚上别喝太多的咖啡,会睡不着觉的。
(or)2.事实证明,保持快乐的心态会降低得心脏病的风险。
(It)3.乐观的人不会过分怀念美好的旧时光,因为他们正忙着创造新的回忆。
(create)4.追求稳定并不是什么坏事,很多时候这样的态度在促使我们提升自我、挑战难度、攀登高峰。
(when)【答案】1.Don’t drink too much coffee at night, or you won’t be able to sleep.2. It is proved that keeping a happy mind reduces the risk of heart diseases. 3.Optimistic people don’t miss the good old days too m uch, because they are busy creating new memories.4. The pursuit of stability is not a bad thing. (and) There are many times when such an attitude drives us to improve ourselves, challenge difficulties, and climb peaks.【解析】【分析】本题考查翻译,用括号所给的词将中文翻译成英文。
翻译要注意句子的时态和语法的运用。
1.考查祈使句。
祈使句 + and/or,前面的祈使句表示条件,or或and引导的分句表示结果这里表示转折关系,故用or。
故答案为Don’t drink too much coffee at night, or you won’t be able to sleep.2.考查名词性从句。
高考翻译精选模拟题 61.全市公立博物馆对学生免费开放。
(open)All the public museums are open to the students, free of charge.2. 干嘛不在周末去博物馆看看?( why not + 不定式) Why notgo to the museums on weekends?3. 友谊是有来有往的事儿,它是建筑在相互帮助的基础上的。
(it, base)Friendship is a matter of give-and-take. It is based on mutual help.4.简 (Jane) 长得漂亮,有人请她拍时装广告。
我认为学生不应过早参与商业活动。
( feature,involve ) (宾语从句 )Jane is a beautiful girl, and was invited to feature in a fashion ad. However, I think students shouldn’tget involved in commercials too early.5. 我班同学每逢节假日都到周边社区去当志愿者/义工。
(make it a rule)The students in my class make it a rule to work as volunteers in the nearby neighborhood on holidays.6. 学校艺术节即将来临,戏剧社的同学都忙于排演英语短剧。
(be busy doing)The School Art Festival is drawing near, and students of the Drama Club are busy preparing English sketches.7. 开学前夕,书店结账台前排起了长队,有时长得火冒三丈。
(drive sb. mad)(so that引导的状语从句)On the eve of a new semester, the queue/ lines in bookstores are so long that often they’ll drive you mad.8. 大家都认为世上没有一种适合所有学生的教学方法。
(it, agree/accept)It is accepted/agreed that there isn’ta universal teaching method that suits students of all types.9.学习英语的最好方法之一是同母语使用者交谈。
(approach)One of the best approaches of learning English is to speak it with native speakers.10.在阅读时不要见到生词就查词典,往往生词词义在语境中可以猜出来。
(come across)When reading, don’t refer to the dictionary each time you come across a new word. Often the meaning of a new word is self-evident in the context.11. 学习方法因人而异。
适合你的不一定对我有用。
( vary )(what 从句 )Learning method varies from student to student. What is suitable for you may not be so for me.12. 现在的高分并不意味着将来的成就。
( not necessarily, mean/suggest)High scores today do not necessarily mean great achievements in the future.13. 如果把难词难句同可视事物联系在一起,记住它们就容易多了。
(associate)It will be easier to memorize difficult words or sentences if you associate them with visual things. 14. 尽管他是个孩子,但他把这道难题解了出来。
(让步状语从句)Child as he was, he worked out the difficult problem.15. 并不是所有聪明的学生将来都会成功。
在成长的过程中,还有别的因素在起作用。
( factor,at work ) (部分否定 )Not all intelligent students will become successful in the future. There are other factors at work inthe growth progress.16. 汤姆难得去老师那儿寻求解题方法;他说“自习” 可以使自己受益更多。
( seldom 倒装)Seldom did Tom go to teachers for solutions, he said self-study benefits himself more.17. 对于学英语的人来讲,英式英语和美式英语同等重要,所以你都应接触。
( be exposed to)For an English learner, both British English and American English are equally important, andyou must be exposed to both of them.18.用电子词典或者传统词典都差不多。
(difference)It makes no difference whether you use an electric dictionary or a traditional one.19.汤姆不大重视实践。
所以他同外国人交谈会紧张。
(account for)(宾语从句)Tom doesn’t pay enough attention to practice. This accounts for why he feels nervous when talking with foreigners.20.汤姆口试不及格。
这并非因为考试难,而是因为他信心不足。
(not but)Tom failed the oral test not because it was very difficult but because he had little self-confidence.高考翻译精选模拟题71.王敏归还了她拾到的巨款,可怎么也不愿接受失主的酬谢。
(decline) (定语从句 ) Wang Min returned the large sum of money she picked up to the owner and firmly declined anyreward from him.2. 大家都认为物理最难,但结果考得最好的就是物理。
(contrary to)All of us thought physics is the most difficult subject. Contrary to what we thought, we did best in the physics test.3.英语老师总是强调说英语最重要,其它学科的老师在谈及学习的重要性时往往也是这样说自己的学科。
( it’s the case)English teacher often says English is the most important subject. It is the case with the teachersof other subjects when speaking of the importance of learning.4. 牺牲睡眠来准备考试值不值?(at the cost of)Is it worth preparing exam at the cost of sleep?5. 你最好别费心找什么捷径,应该一步步地积累语言材料。
( bother about, build up ) (祈使句)Don’t bother about any shortcut! Do build up your vocabulary step by step.6. 教育学家认为网瘾是一种精神性的疾病。
(consider+双宾语)(net-addiction)Educators consider net-addition a kind of mental illness.7. 碰到要自己动手做实验,李敏总是第一个自告奋勇。
( when it comes to )When it comes to DIY experiment, Li Ming is always the first to volunteer.8. 明明在拼生词比赛中夺冠,他被称作活词典。
( come out)Min Min came out No. 1 in the spelling Contest, and was prasied as a walking dictionary.9. 正是人类活动导致今日的全球变暖。
( contribute to )(It 强调句 ) It is humanactivities that contribute to the global warming today.10.城市人口不断增长是全球各国政府共同的”烫山芋”.(系表结构)The ever-increasing population in cities is a universal hot potato to the governments worldwide。
11.禁止鸣号 (horning) 是把双刃剑。
一方面它减少了噪音,可另一方面它会导致更多交通事故。
( two-edged sword )The banning of horning is like a two-edged sword. On one hand, it reduces noise pollution; onthe other hand, it leads to more road accidents.12.随着电脑用户猛增,电脑诈骗( cyber frauds)同样猛增。