人教课标版高中英语必修4 Unit2_Reading_重难点词汇详解

1 / 29 Unit2 Reading 重难点词汇详解

1. struggle n. &vi.

斗争；拼搏；努力

教材原文

Indeed, his sunburnt face and arms and his slim, strong body are just like

those of millions of Chinese farmers, for whom he has struggled for the past

five decades. 的确，他那被太阳晒黑的脸庞和手臂以及他那瘦削而结实的身躯，就跟其他千百万中国农民一样，在过去50年里，他一直在努力帮助他们。

经典例句

①After 6 years’ struggle, people in Wenchuan are living a normal life

now.

经过六年的努力，现在的汶川人民的生活步入了正轨。

②We've all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane,

surrounded by people who are, like us, deeply focused on their smartphones or,

worse, struggling with the uncomfortable silence. 我们都有过这样的经历：在电梯里，在银行排队，或者在飞机上，周围都是像我们一样深切专注智能手机的人，或者，更糟糕的是，在令人不安的沉默中挣扎。

③They had to struggle for their lives against weather and wild animals.

为了生存，他们必须和天气和野兽做斗争。 2 / 29 ④There were no signs of a struggle at the murder scene.

凶杀现场没有搏斗痕迹。

温馨提示

（1）achievement既可作可数名词，也可作不可数名词。

（2）achieve 后常接success，ambition，aim，goal，victory 等词。

2. hunger n. 饥饿；欲望vt. &vi. （使）饥饿 3 / 29

教材原文

At that time, hunger was a disturbing problem in many parts of the

countryside.

当时，饥荒是许多农村地区面临的严重问题。

经典例句

①His hunger for knowledge drove him to the library.

他对知识的渴望驱使他去了图书馆。

②These students hunger for new knowledge and ideas.

这些学生渴望学到新知识，获得新思想。

③He was hungry for success after a long time of struggles.

经过长时间的努力，他渴望得到成功。

④Nowadays the whole world has a hunger for peace.

如今全世界渴望和平。 4 / 29

3. disturbing adj. 令人不安的；引起烦恼的

disturb t. 打扰；使焦虑

disturbed adj. 心烦意乱的；心神不安的

disturbing adj. 引起烦恼的；令人不安的

教材原文

At that time, hunger was a disturbing problem in many parts of the

countryside. 5 / 29 当时，饥荒是许多农村地区面临的严重问题。

经典例句

①The mother opened the door quietly so as not to disturb the sleeping

baby.

这位母亲轻轻地打开门，以便不打扰正在睡觉的婴儿。

②There are disturbing reports of killings in the city centre.

对市中心发生的谋杀的报道令人不安。

③It's disturbing that she becomes seriously ill.

她病得很厉害，这令人不安。

④I was disturbed to hear that they were getting divorced.

听说他们要离婚，我感到不安。 6 / 29

温馨提示

在英语中有很多意为“使……”的动词，可以加上-ing或-ed变成形容词。

例如：

interest /interesting/interested, excite/exciting/excited, worry/worrying/

worried. . .

tire/tiring/tired,bore/boring/bored,disappoint/disappointing/disappointed等。

7 / 29 4. expand vt. &vi.

使变大；伸展

教材原文

Yuan Longping searched for a way to increase rice harvests without

expanding the area of the fields. 袁隆平要在不增加土地面积的基础上寻求达到增收稻谷的途径。

经典例句

①In ten years the city's population expanded by 12?

十年之内，该市人口增加了百分之十二。

②As is known to us all, metals expand when they are heated.

众所周知，金属受热会膨胀。

③I repeated the question and waited for her to expand.

我把问题重复了一遍，等待她详细回答。

④We've expanded the business by opening two more stores.

我们增开了两个商店来扩展业务。

(易混辨析)

expand/spread/stretch

expand意为“展开，扩大”，不仅指尺寸的增加，还可指范围和体积的扩大

spread意为“传播；蔓延；铺开”，般指向四面八方扩大传播的范围， 8 / 29 如播（疾病），散布（信息）等

stretch意为“伸展（身体等），拉长；绵延”，一般指由曲变直、由短变长的伸展，不是加长

5. thanks to 幸亏；由于；因为

表示“因为，由于”的短语还有：because of, owing to, on account of, due

to, as a result of。以上这些都是介词短语，后面可以跟名词或动名词，但不可以跟从句。 9 / 29

教材原文

Thanks to his research, the UN has more tools in the battle to rid the world

of hunger. 多亏了他的研究，联合国在消除世界饥饿的战斗中又多了些方法。

经典例句

①Thanks to your advice, much trouble was saved.

多亏你的建议，省了很多麻烦。

②She was told to wear flat shoes, on account of her back problem.

由于背部问题，她被告知要穿平底鞋。 10 / 29 ③Because of my bad leg, I couldn't walk so fast as the others.

由于我的腿不好，我不能像其他人走得那么快。

④Owing to his careless driving, we had a bad accident.

由于他驾驶粗心，我们发生了严重的车祸。

⑤Joe's application for the university was not accepted due to his poor

English.

乔因英语不好申报那所大学没被录取。

⑥As a result of the flood, thousands of people lost their homes.

因为洪水，成千上万的人失去了家园。

6. rid vt.

使摆脱：除去

教材原文

Thanks to his research, the UN has more tools in the battle to rid the world

of hunger. 多亏了他的研究，联合国在消除世界饥饿的战斗中有了更多的方法。

经典例句

①Further measures will be taken to rid our streets of crime.

将采取进一步的措施来防止街头犯罪。

②You are supposed to rid yourself of carelessness, for it often leads to

trouble. 11 / 29 你应该克服粗心，因为粗心常常引起麻烦。

③It's easy to get into the habit of smoking but hard to get rid of it.

染上吸烟的习惯很容易，但要戒掉很困难。

④You must rid yourself of these old-fashioned ideas.

你必须摒弃这些陈旧的观念。

⑤I wanted to rid myself of the burden of the secret.

我想说出这个秘密，让自己得到解脱。

7. be satisfied with 对……. 感到满意