研究生学位英语试题样卷

1、Which of the following is NOT a type of conditional sentence in English grammar?A. Zero conditionalB. First conditionalC. Second conditionalD. Absolute conditional (答案：D)2、In academic writing, which verb tense is typically used to describe actions or states that are generally true or always happening?A. Present simpleB. Past simpleC. Present continuousD. Future perfect (答案：A)3、Which phrase is used to express contrast between two ideas in a sentence?A. In spite ofB. Because ofC. Due toD. As a result of (答案：A)4、What is the purpose of a thesis statement in a research paper?A. To summarize the entire paperB. To provide background informationC. To state the main argument or point of the paperD. To list the sources used in the paper (答案：C)5、Which of the following is an example of a transitive verb?A. SleepB. ArriveC. WriteD. Laugh (答案：C)6、In a formal email, which of the following greetings is appropriate?A. Hey there!B. Hi,C. Dear [Recipient's Name],D. Yo! (答案：C)7、Which pronoun is used to refer to a non-specific person or thing, often used in general statements?A. OneB. TheyC. ItD. You (答案：A)8、Which of the following is a common mistake in sentence structure known as a "dangling modifier"?A. Walking to the park, the flowers were beautiful.B. After finishing her homework, she watched a movie.C. Seen from the top of the mountain, the view was breathtaking.D. Driving carefully, the car reached its destination. (答案：A)。

PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (25 minutes, 20 points) Section A (1 point each)1. A. He fixed the tape recorder.B. Although old, he is still working.C. His love for music surprised the two speakers.D. He picked up the tape recorder from the garbage can.2. A. He can't imagine what his friends have got for him.B. He always knows what Mary will say.C. He is anxious to see Mary's reaction to the gift.D. He is too busy to wait.3. A. His car broke down.B. He is usually late.C. He never leaves his house before 9:00.D. He might be late because of the bad traffic.4. A. No, because the man will have guests.B. No, because the man has seen the movie.C. No, because the man will go out.D. No, because the man wants to see the movie alone.5. A. She will continue with her diet.B. She can't afford expensive food.C. She might die any day.D. She is overweight.6. A. He should be thinking about something more important.B. He has enough money for a car.C. He spends money like water.D. He can't afford a car.7. A. People have different tastes.B. Each of them owns a restaurant.C. The woman should tell him her own opinion.D. Many customers like the restaurant.8. A. She has already seen it.B. She enjoys the movie.C. She regrets missing the movie.D. She doesn't care for the movie.9. A. Setting the table.B. Polishing silver.C. Sewing napkins.D. Putting the food away.Section B ( 1 point each)Mini-talk One10. A. A residential college.B. A family house,C. A university,D. An office block.11. A. It is the same as the old Smith House.B. It has become smaller.C. It has become larger.D. It is the same as it was in the 1840s.12. A. Wing 2-3rd Floor - Room 4.B. West - 2nd Floor - Room 34.C. West Wing 2 - 3rd Floor - Room 4.D. West Wing - 2nd Floor - Room 34.Mini-talk Two13. A. Smoking rooms.B. A gymnasium.C. Assembly roomsD. Dining rooms.14. A. April 10, 1912.B. April 11. 1912.C. April 13, 1912.D. April 14, 1912.15. A. There were not enough lifeboats.B. The water was cold.C. There was too much panic.D. People were disorganized.Section C ( 1 point each)The Film-making Process: Six steps16. Step 1: ____________________________17. Step 2:____________________________18. Step 3:____________________________19. Step 4:____________________________20. Step 5:____________________________Step 6: Composing the musicPART II VOCABULARY (10 minutes, 10 points)Section A (0.5 point each)21. If innovators are not financially rewarded for their innovations, the incentive for path-breaking innovation will eventually dry up.A. investmentB. resourceC. inspirationD. stimulus22. These illegal immigrants have to work long hours a day despite the appalling working conditions.A. bewilderingB. exasperatingC. dismayingD. upsetting23. Many critics agreed that by and large, this movie was a success in terms of acting and photography.A. all at onceB. by and byC. to some extentD. on the whole24. The country carried on nuclear tests without feeling apprehensive about the consequences.A. optimisticB. anxiousC. uncertainD. scared25. There is the fear that babies might be genetically altered to suit the parents' wishes.A. enhancedB. revisedC. alternatedD. modified26. The American Civil War is believed to have stemmed from differences over slavery.A. arisen fromB. contributed toC. patched upD. participated in27. Experts said the amount of compensation for sick smokers would be reduced if cooler jurors prevailed.A. resignedB. compromisedC. persistedD. dominated28. Hamilton hoped for a nation of cities while Jefferson contended that the country should remain chiefly agricultural.A. inclinedB. struggledC. arguedD. competed29. There have been some speculations at times as to who will take over the company.A. on occasionB. at presentC. by nowD. for sure30. TWA was criticized for trying to cover up the truth rather than promptly notifying victims' families.A. brieflyB. quicklyC. accuratelyD. earnestlySection B (0.5 point each)31. New York probably has the largest number of different language _________ in the world.A. neighborhoodsB. communitiesC. clustersD. assemblies32. Nuclear wastes are considered to _____ a threat to human health and marine life.A. composeB. imposeC. exposeD. pose33. Some states in the US have set _____ standards concerning math and science tests.A. energeticB. vigorousC. rigorousD. grave34. This school promised to make classes smaller and offer more individualized ___________.A. presentationB. instructionC. convictionD. obligation35. Because of ______ ways of life, the couple has some difficulty getting along with each other.A. incomprehensibleB. incomparableC. inconceivableD. incompatible36. As __________ China and other emerging export powers, efforts to strengthen anti-corruption activities are gaining momentum.A. in the light ofB. in the event ofC. in the case ofD. in the course of37. According to an Australian research, moderate drinkers ________ better thinkers than heavy drinkers or those who never drink.A. end upB. take upC. put upD. turn up38. Strangely enough, an old man ______ me and introduced himself, who turned out to be a friend of my father’s.A. stood up toB. walked up toC. lived up toD. added up to39. Many children often _____ why airplanes can fly like birds while we humans cannot.A. assumeB. anticipateC. assureD. wonder40. The FDA was created to _______ the safety of products, review applications and grant approvals.A. manipulateB. adjustC. regulateD. managePART III CLOZE TEST (10 minutes, 10 points, 1 point each)Tall people earn considerably more money throughout their lives than their shorter co-workers, with each inch adding about US$789 a year in pay, according to a new study. "Height 41 career success," says Timothy Judge, a University of Florida professor of management, who led the study. "These findings are troubling since, with a few 42 , such as professional basketball, no one could argue that height is something essential required for job 43 ," Judge points out.Judge analyzed results of four large-scale studies in the US and Britain that followed thousands of people from childhood to adulthood, examining details of their work and personal lives. "If you take this 44 the course of a 30-year career, we're talking about literally hundreds of thousands of dollars of earnings 45 that a tall person enjoys," Judge said.Greater height boosted both subjective ratings of work performance--a supervisor's 46 of how effective someone is-- and 47 measures of performance--such as sales volume. Being tall may boost self-confidence, improving performance. Other people may also give higher 48 and greater respect to a tall person, giving them an edge in negotiating states, he says.The commanding influence of height may be a remainder of our evolutionary 49 . Maybe from a time when humans lived among animals and size was 50 power and strength used when making "fight or run" decisions.41. A. makes out B. works in C. takes on D. matters for42. A. cases B. exceptions C. examples D. problems43. A. performance B. operation C. condition D. environment44. A. on B. with C. over D. to45. A. deficiency B. advantage C. loss D. necessity46. A. imagination B. decision C. judge D. evaluation47. A. relative B. absolute C. objective D. initiative48. A. state B. status C. situation D. statue49. A. origins B. sources C. courses D. organizations50. A. a time in B. a hold on C. a work at D. a sign ofPART IV READING COMPREHENSION (45 minutes, 30 points, 1 point each)Passage OneAt the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA), a student loaded his class notes into a handheld e-mail device and tried to read them during an exam: a classmate turned him in. At the University of Nevada at Las Vegas (UNLV) students photographed test questions with their cellphone cameras and transmitted them toclassmates. The university put in place a new examination-supervision system. "If they'd spend as much time studying, they'd all be A students," says Ron Yasbin, dean of the College of Sciences of UNLV.With a variety of electronic devices, American students find it easier to cheat. And college officials find themselves in a new game of cat and mouse. They are trying to fight would-be cheats in the exam season by cutting off Internet access from laptops, demanding the surrender of cellphones before tests or simply requiring that exams be taken with pens and paper."It is annoying. My hand-writing is so bad," said Ryan Dapremont, 21 who just finished his third year at Pepperdine University in California. He had to take his exams on paper. Dapremont said technology has made cheating easier, but plagiarism (剽窃) in writing papers was probably the biggest problem. Students can lift other people's writings off the Internet without attributing them.Still, some students said they thought cheating these days was more a product of the mindset, not the tools at hand. "Some people put too much emphasis on where they're going to go in the future, and all they're thinking about is graduate school and the next step," said Lindsay Nicholas, a third-year student at UCLA. She added that pressure to succeed "sometimes clouds everything and makes people do things that they shouldn't do."Some professors said they tried to write exams for which it was hard to cheat, posing questions that outside resources would not help answer. Many officials said that they rely on campus honor codes. They said the most important thing was to teach students not to cheat in the first place.51. One student at UCLA was found cheating ________________.A. when he was loading his class notes into a handheld e-mail deviceB. when he was trying to tell the answers to his classmatesC. after the university put in place a new examination-supervision systemD. after his classmate reported his cheating to the authority52. According to Ron Yasbin, all the cheating students _____________.A. should be severely punished for their dishonestyB. didn't have much time to study before the examC. could get the highest grades if they had studied hard enoughD. could be excused because they were not familiar with the new system53. To win the new game of cat and mouse in examinations, the college officials have to______________.A. use many high-tech devicesB. cut off Internet access on campusC. turn to the oral exanimation formsD. cut off the use of high-tech devices54. According to Ryan Dapremont, ______________.A. examinations taken with pens and paper were useless in fighting cheatingB. his examination paper was under-graded because of his bad hand-writingC. cheating was more serious in writing papers than in examinationsD. it was more difficult for him to lift other people's writings off the Internet55. Which of the following is probably the most Significant measure to fight cheating?A. Putting less emphasis on where the students are going to go in the future.B. Letting students know that honesty is more important.C. Writing examinations for which it is hard to cheat.D. Setting up more strict campus honor codes.56. The best title of the passage might be_____________.A. Cheating Has Gone High-techB. Game of Cat and MouseC. A New Examination-supervision SystemD. Measures to Fight Against DishonestyPassage TwoTop marathon runners tend to be lean and light, star swimmers are long thighs with huge feet and gold medal weightlifters are solid blocks of muscle with short arms and legs. So, does your physical shape--and the way your body works--fit you for a particular sport? Or does your body develop a certain way because of your chosen sport?"It's about 55:45, genes to the environment," says Mike Rennie, professor of clinical physiology at Britain's University of Nottingham Medical School. Rennie cites the case of identical twins from Germany, one of whom was a long-distance athlete, the other a powerful sportsman, so, "They look quite different, despite being identical twins."Someone who's 1.5-meters tall has little chance of becoming an elite basketball player. Still, being over two meters tall won't automatically push you to Olympic gold. "Unless you have tactical sense where needed, unless you have access to good equipment, medical care and the psychological conditions, and unless you are able to drive yourself through pain, all the physical strength will be in vain," said Craig Sharp, professor of sports science at Britain's Brunel University.Jonathan Robinson, an applied sports scientist at the University of Bath's sports development department, in southwest England, points to the importance of technique. "In swimming only 5-10 per cent of the propelling force comes from the legs, so technique is vital."Having the right physique for the right sport is a good starting point. Seventeen years ago, the Australian Institute of Sport started a national Talent Search Program, which searched schools for 14-16-year-olds with the potential to be elite athletes. One of their first finds was Megan Still, world champion rower. In 1987, Still had never picked up an oar in her life. But she had almost the perfect physique for a rower. After intensive training, she won gold in women's rowing in the 1996 Atlanta Olympics.Other countries have followed the Australian example. Now the explosion of genetic knowledge has meant that there is now a search, not just for appropriate physique but also for "performance genes."57. It can be concluded from the passage that__________.A. physical strength is more important for sportspersons' successB. training conditions are more important for sportspersons' successC. genes are more important for sportspersons' successD. psychological conditions are more important for sportspersons' success58. The case of identical twins from Germany shows that_________.A. environment can help determine people's body shapeB. genes are the decisive factors for people's body shapeC. identical twins are likely to enjoy different sportsD. identical twins may have different genes for different sports59. Which of the following is NOT mentioned by Craig Sharp as a required quality for a sportsperson to win an Olympic gold medal?A. The physical strength.B. The right training conditions.C. The talent for the sports.D. The endurance for pains.60. Seventeen years ago Megan Still was chosen for rowing because____________.A. she had the talent for rowingB. her body shape was right for a rowerC. she had the performance genesD. she was a skillful rower61. The word "elite" in Paragraph 5 means ________ .A. the most wealthyB. the most skilledC. the most industriousD. the most intelligent62. The elite athletes of the future may come from people who naturally possess___________.A. the best body shapes and an iron purposeB. the extremes of the right physique and strong willsC. the right psychological conditions and sports talentsD. the right physique and genes for sportsPassage ThreeFor years, a network of citizens' groups and scientific bodies has been claiming that science of global warming is inconclusive. But who funded them?Exxon's involvement is well known. ExxonMobil is the world's most profitable corporation. It makes most of its money from oil, and has more to lose than any other company from efforts to tackle climate change. To safeguard its profits, ExxonMobil needs to sow doubt about whether serious action needs to be taken on climate change. But there are difficulties: it must confront a scientific consensus as strong as that which maintains that smoking causes lung cancer or that HIV causes Aids. So what's its strategy?The website , using data found in the company's official documents, lists 124 organizations that have taken money from the company or work closely with those that have. These organizations take a consistent line on climate change: that the science is contradictory, the scientists are split, environmentalists are liars or lunatics, and if governments took action to prevent global warming, they would be endangering the global economy for no good reason. The findings these organizations dislike are labeled "junk science". The findings they welcome are labeled "sound science".This is not to claim that all the science these groups champion is bogus. On the whole, they use selection, not invention. They will find one contradictory study - such as the discovery of tropospheric (对流层的) cooling - and promote it relentlessly. They will continue to do so long after it has been disproved by further work. So, for example, John Christy, the author of the troposphere paper, admitted in August 2005 that his figures were incorrect, yet his initial findings are still being circulated and championed by many of these groups, as a quick internet search will show you.While they have been most effective in the United States, the impacts of the climate-change deniers sponsored by Exxon have been felt all over the world. By dominating the media debate on climate change during seven or eight critical years in which urgent international talks should have been taking place, by constantly seeding doubt about the science just as it should have been most persuasive, they have justified the money their sponsors have spent on them many times over.63. Which of the following has NOT been done by the organizations to establish their position on climate change'?A. Damaging the reputation of environmentalists.B. Emphasizing the lack of consensus among scientists.C. Stressing the unnecessary harm to tile global economy.D. Protecting the scientific discoveries from being misused.64. Which of the following is closest in meaning to "bogus' (in Paragraph 4)?A. Reasonable.B. Fake.C. Limitless.D. Inconsistent.65. John Christy is mentioned to show_______________.A. how closely these organizations work with scientistsB. how these organizations select scientific findings for their own purposeC. how important correct data are for scientists to make sound discoveriesD. how one man's mistake may set back the progress of science66. The organizations sponsored by Exxon ___________.A. have lived up to their promisesB. have almost caused worldwide chaosC. have failed to achieve their original goalD. have misunderstood the request of the sponsor67. The passage is mainly focused on____________.A. Exxon's involvement in scientific scandalsB. Exxon's contributions to the issue of climate changeC. Exxon's role in delaying solutions to global warmingD. Exxon's efforts to promote more scientific discoveries68. What is the author's tone in presenting the passage?A. Factual.B. Praiseful.C. Biased.D. Encouraging.Passage FourWhere anyone reaching the age of 60 was considered to be near death's door at the turn of the 20th century, it is barely old enough for retirement at the turn of the 21st century. And scientists are still not holding back. They say that as new anti-ageing treatments become available, our species will get even older. While few would argue。

硕士学位英语考试题一、阅读理解（共30分）阅读下列短文，然后回答1-5题。

每题2分。

In recent years, the number of people who commute to work by bicycle has been increasing significantly. This trend is not only beneficial for the environment but also for the health of the individuals involved. Bicycling to work can reduce traffic congestion and air pollution, as fewer cars are needed on the road. Moreover, it provides a regular source of exercise, which can help to improve cardiovascular health and reduce the risk of chronic diseases.1. What is the main reason for the increase in bicycle commuting?A. Health benefitsB. Environmental concernsC. Traffic congestionD. Cost savings2. Which of the following is NOT a benefit of bicycling to work mentioned in the passage?A. Reduced traffic congestionB. Lower air pollutionC. Improved public transportationD. Better health outcomes3. According to the passage, what is the effect of bicycling on the environment?A. It increases pollution.B. It decreases pollution.C. It has no effect.D. It is harmful to the environment.4. How does bicycling to work contribute to personal health?A. By reducing the risk of chronic diseasesB. By causing more traffic accidentsC. By increasing stress levelsD. By causing more air pollution5. What can be inferred from the passage about the future of bicycle commuting?A. It will continue to increase.B. It will decrease in popularity.C. It will be replaced by electric cars.D. It will have no impact on the environment.二、词汇与语法（共20分）6-15题，每题2分。

硕士学位英语试题及答案一、词汇与语法（共20分）1. The word "innovative" is most closely related to which of the following?A. InnovativeB. ConservativeC. TraditionalD. Progressive答案：A2. The correct form of the verb in the sentence "She _______ the bookshelf yesterday" is:A. paintedB. was paintingC. is paintingD. will paint答案：A3. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate prepositions:The children were playing _______ the swings in the park.A. inB. onC. atD. with答案：B4. Choose the sentence that is grammatically correct:A. Neither of the students have finished the assignment.B. Neither of the students has finished the assignment.C. None of the students have finished the assignment.D. None of the students has finished the assignment.答案：B5. Which of the following is the correct use of the subjunctive mood?A. I suggest that he goes to the doctor.B. I suggest that he go to the doctor.C. I suggest that he went to the doctor.D. I suggest that he will go to the doctor.答案：B二、阅读理解（共30分）Passage 1In the last few decades, the use of technology has become an integral part of our daily lives. From smartphones to computers, technology has transformed the way we communicate, work, and learn.Questions:6. What is the main topic of the passage?A. The history of technologyB. The impact of technology on daily lifeC. The types of technology availableD. The future of technology答案：B7. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a way technology has transformed our lives?A. CommunicationB. WorkC. LeisureD. Learning答案：CPassage 2The concept of sustainable development has gained significant attention in recent years. It refers to the ability to meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.Questions:8. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The definition of sustainable developmentB. The history of sustainable developmentC. The challenges of sustainable developmentD. The benefits of sustainable development答案：A9. The passage suggests that sustainable development isimportant because it:A. Ensures economic growthB. Protects the environmentC. Balances the needs of the present and futureD. Provides resources for future generations答案：C三、完形填空（共20分）[文章略]10-15题根据文章内容选择或填写。

学术性硕士研究生学位英语试卷一、选择题（每题1分，共15分）请在每道题的四个选项中选择一个最正确的答案。

1、下列哪个国家是英语的发源地？A.美国B.英国C.加拿大D.澳大利亚2、在英语中，“do”是一个助动词，它的基本意思是“做”。

下列哪个选项是“do”的正确用法？A.我做了饭。

B.我做饭了。

C.我做的是饭。

D.做饭给我。

3、下列哪个单词是名词？A.bookB.chairC.tableD.bookcase4、下列哪个单词是动词？A.writeB.readC.countD.check5、下列哪个短语是正确的？A.in the morningB.at noonC.in the nightD.at nightfall6、下列哪个选项是一个完整的句子？A.The cat is on the mat.B.The mat is on the table.C.The table is in the room.D.The room is in the building.7、下列哪个单词有比较级形式？A.beautifulB.uglyC.tallD.short8、下列哪个选项是一个正确的问句？A.What's your name?B.How are you?C.Where are you from?D.Who are you?9、下列哪个单词的意思是“也”？A.yesB.noC.eitherD.neither10、下列哪个单词的意思是“一”？A.oneB.twoC.threeD.four11-15题略。

学术性学位与专业学位研究生培养模式的特性比较随着高等教育的不断发展，学术性学位与专业学位研究生培养模式成为的焦点。

这两种培养模式在目标、招生制度、教育过程、考核方式等方面存在一定的差异，本文将对其进行比较分析。

在培养目标方面，学术性学位研究生注重学术素养和科研能力的培养，以培养学术研究型人才为主。

此类研究生需要具备扎实的理论基础和较高的研究能力，能够独立承担科学研究任务，具备创新意识和团队协作精神。

EST 1Part I Listening ComprehensionSection 1, Conversation (10 minutes, 10 points)Section 2, Passages (10 minutes, 10 points)Part II: Cloze Test (10 minutes, 15 points)Scientists who study the Earth's climate are convinced that volcano eruptions have a significant effect on general weather patterns. In fact, one of the many (36) which attempt to explain how an ice age begins holds that the (37) is a dramatic increase in volcanic eruptions. The volcanic explosions, besides causing local thunderstorms and lightning, inject great amounts of gas and (38)_into the stratosphere (同温层). At this (39)，the volcanic material spreads all the way around the Earth. This volcanic material (40) a certain amount of sunlight and (41) some back into space. The net result is to (42) the planet's surface. For instance, 43 was perhaps the largest eruption occurred in 1883 when the Indonesia volcano Krakatoa exploded. The following year was (44) in Europe as the "year without summer" because the (45) was so cool and rainy.While there is (46) scientific agreement that volcanic eruption can lead to cooling, (47) of how this happens are not clear. As a result, scientists cannot (48) whether the volcanic activity which (49) past ice ages would result (50) sufficient cooling to cause a glacial period. Similarly, it is not possible for scientists to predict the climate effect of a future volcanic eruption with any confidence.36. A. theories B. inventions C. judgments D. discoveries37. A. cause B. course C. means D. case38. A. petroleum B. ash C. flame D. garbage39. A. relation B. instance C. moment D. altitude40. A. scatters B. releases C. constitutes D. absorbs41. A. carries B. converts C. reflects D. gathers42. A. cool B. warm C. freeze D. heat43. A. such B. what C. there D. that44. A. known B. reported C. marked D. testified45. A. air B. temperature C. sky D. weather46. A. committed B. optimistic C. general D. absolute47. A. indexes B. predictions C. details D. decisions48. A. analyze B. determine C. assure D. assume49. A. confronted B. promoted C. proceed D. preceded50. A. in B. from C. to D. withPart I ReadingPassage OneWe use emotive language to express our own attitudes and feelings. We also direct emotive language at other people to persuade them to believe as we do or to do as we want them to do; and, of course, other people direct emotive language at us to get us to believe or to do what they want.We are subjected to a constant stream of persuasion day in, day out, at home and in school, on the radio and on television. It comes from parents and teachers, from preachers and politicians, from editors and commentators, but, most of all, of course, from advertisers. Most of this persuasion is expressed in emotive language and is intended to appeal to our feelings rather than to be weighed up by our powers of reasoning.We should look at the motives behind all this persuasion. Why do they want to persuade us? What do they want us to do? We are not thinking very clearly unless we try to see through the veil of words and realize something of the speaker's purpose.An appeal to emotion is in itself neither good or bad. Our emotions exist and they are part of our personality. On some occasions people appeal to our emotions on the highest levels and from the best of motives. A case in point is Churchill's wartime speeches: whatever people thought of Churchill as a politician, they were united behind him when he spoke as national leader in those dark days --- their feelings responded to his call for resolution and unity.It is a characteristic of social groups that the members have a feeling of personal attachment to the group --- to the family in earliest childhood and extending later to the school, the team, the church, the nation, in patterns that vary from time to time. Hence a speaker from our group will find in us feelings to which he can readily and genuinely appeal, whether our reaction is favorable or not. We are at least open to the appeal and we appreciate the context in which it is made.1. The major functions of emotive language discussed in the passage are to - .A. extend our powers of reasoning and carry out a purposeB. advertise and produce the wanted social effectsC. show one's feelings and appeal to those of othersD. make others believe in us and respond to our feelings2. It is suggested in the third paragraph of this passage that we - .A should keep a cool head when subjected to persuasion of various kindsB need to judge whether a persuasion is made for good or badC. have to carefully use our emotive languageD. should avoid being easily seen through by an appeal from others3. The source from which emotive language flows upon us in its greatest amount is - .A. the mass mediaB. the educational institutionsC. the religious circlesD. the advertising business4. Churchill is mentioned in the passage as -'A. an example of how people weighed up persuasion with reasoningB. a national leader who brought out people's best feelingsC. a positive example of appealing to people's motionD. a politician who has been known as a good speaker5. What is NOT mentioned as relevant to our emotions in this passage?A. Social contextB. Personal experienceC. The personality of national leadersD. Religious belief6. It can be inferred from the passage that a persuasive speaker must .A. find out what group his audience is attached toB. vary his speech patterns from time to timeC. know how to adapt his way of speaking to the needs of the audienceD. be aware whether the listeners are favorable to his opinion or notPassage TwoAs goods and services improved, people were persuaded to spend their money on changing from old to new, and found the change worth the expenses. When an airline equipped itself with jets, for example, its costs ( and therefore air fare) would go up, but the new planes meant such an improvement that the higher cost was justified. A new car ( or wireless, washing machine, electric kettle) made life so much more comfortable than the old one that the high cost of replacement was fully repaid. Manufacturers still cry their wares as persuasively as ever, but are the improvements really worth paying for? In many fields things have now reached such a high standard of performance that further progress is very limited and very expensive. Airlines, for example, go to enormous expense in buying the latest prestige jets, in which vast research costs have been spent on relatively small improvements. If we scrap these vast costs we might lose the chance of cutting minutes away from flying times, but wouldn't it be better to see air fares drop dramatically, as capital costs become relatively insignificant? Again, in the context of a 70mph limit, with platoons of cars traveling so densely as to control each other's speeds, improvements in performance are virtually irrelevant; improvements in handling are unnecessary, as most production cars grip the road perfectly; and comfort has now reached a very high level indeed. Small improvements here are unlikely to be worth the thousands that anybody replacing an ordinary family car every two years may ultimately have spent on them. Let us instead have cars --- or wireless, electric kettles, washing machines, television sets --- which are made to last, and not to be replaced. Significant progress is obviously a good thing; but the insignificant progression from model-change to model-change is not.7. The author obviously is challenging the social norm that - .A. it is. important to improve goods and servicesB. development of technology makes our life more comfortableC. it is reasonable that prices are going up all the timeD. slightly modified new products are worth buying8. According to this passage, air fares may rise because -'A people tend to travel by new airplanesB. the airplane has been improvedC. the change is found to be reasonableD. the service on the airplane is better than before9. According to the author, passengers would be happier if they -'A. could fly in the latest model of reputable planesB. could get tickets at much lower pricesC. see the airlines make vital changes in their servicesD. could spend less time flying in the air10. When manufacturers have improved the performance of their products to a certain level, thenit would be_. .A. justified for them to cut the priceB. unnecessary for them to make any new changesC. difficult and costly to further better themD. insignificant for them to cut down the research costs11. In the case of cars, the author urges that we - .A. cancel the speed limitB. further improve the performanceC. improve the durabilityD. change models every two years12. The author's criticism is probably based on the fact that - .A. we have been persuaded to live an extravagant life todayB. many products we buy turn out to be substandard or inferiorC. inflation is becoming a big problem in the world todayD. people are wasting their money on trivial technological progressPassage ThreeRecent studies on the male-female wage gap predict that even though entry salaries for males and females in the same occupation are nearly equal because women's market skills have improved vastly, the chances of the overall gap closing in the foreseeable future are minimal. This is due to several factors that are likely to change very slowly, if at all. An important reason is that women are concentrated in occupations --- service and clerical --- that pay less than traditional male jobs. It is possible that more women than men in their twenties are hesitant to commit themselves to a year-round, lifetime career or job for many reasons There is lingering attitude on both the part of women and their employers that women are not cut out for certain jobs. Not only does this attitude channel women into lower-paying work, but it also serves to keep them from top management positions.Another significant factor in the widening wage gap between men and women entering the work force, even in comparable jobs, is that women often drop out at critical points in their careers to have a family. Women still have the primary responsibility for child-bearing; even if they continue to work, they often forgo overtime and promotions that would conflict with home responsibilities. The ages of25 to 35 have been shown repeatedly to be the period when working consistently and hard is vital to advancement and job security. These are precisely the years when women are likely to have children and begin to slide away from men in earning power. Consequently, a woman's income is more likely to be seen as secondary to her husband's.13.According to recent studies on the male-female wage gap, -'A. there is much hope of narrowing the male-female wage gap in the near futureB. working women will have many opportunities to hold high-paying jobs in the near futureC. women's pay will still stay at a level below that of men in the near futureD. salaries for males and females in the same occupation will be equal in the near future14. Women are kept from top management positions partly because they - .A. decide to devote themselves to certain lifetime jobs in their twentiesB. are inclined to rank family second to workC. tend to have more quarrels with their employersD. still take an incorrect attitude towards themselves15. Which of the following is implied in the passage as a partial reason for women's concentration in certainoccupations?A. Social division of labor.B. Social prejudice against themC. Employment laws.D. Physiological weakness.16. The word" forgo" in Paragraph 2 could be best replaced by - .A. give upB. drop outC. throwawayD. cut out17. It can be inferred from the second paragraph that - .A. men's jobs are subject to changeB. women tend to be employed off and on at the same jo bC. men' chances of promotion are minimalD. women used to be employed all the year round18. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. Women's market skills have improved greatly.B. Child care is still chiefly women's workC. Women are typically employed in clerical and service jobs.D. Domestic duties no longer conflict with women's jobs.Passage FourIt seems that the life of a television reporter is fantastically admired by many people. But this is only one side of the coin. First, he never goes deeply into anyone subject --- he may be expert at mastering a brief in a short time and "getting up" a subject, but a week later he is on to the next subject, and a week later still he is on to the subject after that. He seldom grasps with a full-scale investigation anyone thing. He has to be able to forget what he was working on a few weeks before, otherwise his mind would become messed up.Second, a reporter does not have anything lasting to show for what he does --- there is no shelf of books, no studio full of paintings. He pours his life into something which flickers in shadows across a screen and is gone forever. I have seen people in many television jobs turn at the end of watching one of their own programs and saysomething like: " Well, that's all those days/weeks/months of work. Travel and worry sunk without trace." As a way of life it comes to seem like blowing bubbles --- entertaining to do, and the bubbles numerous and pretty to look at, and all different, but all disappearing into thin air.Third, the pace of life is too fast. Not only is it destructive of one's private life, one does not even have time to give proper consideration to the things one is professionally concerned with --not enough time to think, not enough time to read, not enough time to write one's commentary, prepare one's interviews and so on. When one disengages from it and allows one's perceptions, thinking, reading and the rest to proceed at their natural pace one gets an altogether unfamiliar sense of solidarity and well-being.Fourth, the reporter is at the mercy of events. A revolution breaks out in Cuba so he is off there on the next plane. Somebody shoots President Reagan so he drops everything he is doing and flies to Washington. He is like a puppet pulled by strings --- the strings of the world's affairs. He is not motivated from within. He does not decide for himself what he would like to do, where he would like to go, what he would like to work on. He is activated from without, and his whole life becomes a kind of reflex action, a series of high-pressure responses to external stimuli. He has ceased to exist as an independent personality.19.A TV reporter never makes an in-depth study of a subject because -'A. he usually gets one side of the pictureB. the subjects that he has to attend to often switch from one to anotherC. he does not know how to develop it to its full scaleD. that is the life that suits him20. A. it is implied but not stated that many people - .A. know nothing about the work of a TV repor1erB. think the life of a TV reporter dull and boringC. have a biased opinion against the job of a TV reporterD. tend to underestimate the hard part of being a TV reporter21 TV reporting, according to this passage, is something_______.A. profitable for a person to take upB. interesting to do but quick to fade outC. causing a person to forget his previous workD. producing a lasting effect22.A TV reporter is in most need of - .A. being a master of his timeB. proper consideration of his professionC. a comfortable life of his ownD. disengaging himself from work23. The activities of a TV reporter are largely geared to - .A. his motivationB. his working styleC. current affairsD. reflex to pressures24. The title of this passage would best be given as - .A. What a TV Reporter Can and Cannot AccomplishB. The Sorrows of TV ProfessionalsC. The Confession of a TV ReporterD. The Drawbacks in the Life of a TV ReporterPaper TwoPart IV Reading and Answering Questions (25 minutes, 10 points)The conflict between what in its present mood the public expects science to achieve in satisfaction of popular hopes and what is really in its power is a serious matter because. even if the true scientists should all recognize the limitations of what they can do in the field of human affairs, so long as the public expects more there will always be some who will pretend, and perhaps honestly believe, that they can do more to meet popular demands than is really in their power. It is often difficult enough for the expert, and ce11ainly in many instances impossible for the layman, to distinguish between legitimate and illegitimate claims advanced in the name of science. The enormous publicity recently given by the media to a report pronouncing in the name of science of The Limits to Growth, and the silence of the same media about the devastating criticism this report has received from the competent experts, must make one feel somewhat apprehensive about the use to which the prestige of science can be put. But it is by no means only in the field of economics that far-reaching claims are made on behalf of a more scientific direction of all human activities and the desirability of replacing spontaneous processes by "conscious human control".If I am not mistaken, psychology, psychiatry and some branches of sociology, not to speak about the so-called philosophy of history, are even more affected by what I have called the scientistic prejudice, and by specious claims of what science can achieve.Questions :What is the main thought of the passage? What should be our correct attitude towards science?回答该项问题一般要注意，第一问主要是结合文章回答问题，可以或多或少的引用文中内容回答，第二问主要是考察我们研究生对某个现象的认识。

2024年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题2024 National Master's Entrance Examination English TestPart I Listening Comprehension (30 points)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear five short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. (A) The library.(B) The gym.(C) The cafeteria.(D) The bookstore.2. (A) To attend a conference.(B) To discuss a project.(C) To meet with a professor.(D) To take an exam.3. (A) He missed the test.(B) He got a good grade.(C) He studied hard for it.(D) He was ill that day.4. (A) At a hotel.(B) In a restaurant.(C) At a friend’s house.(D) In a classroom.5. (A) The library.(B) The museum.(C) The theater.(D) The park.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear several questions. After you hear a conversation and the questions about it, read the five possible answers on your paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the questions you have heard.Conversation 16. What is the woman’s occupation?(A) A teacher.(B) A writer.(C) A journalist.(D) A lawyer.7. What does the man suggest the woman do?(A) Start a blog.(B) Write a book.(C) Take up painting.(D) Travel more.Conversation 28. Where is the man originally from?(A) Canada.(B) China.(C) Japan.(D) Australia.9. Why did the man move to the United States?(A) For work.(B) For school.(C) For vacation.(D) For family.10. What does the woman offer to do for the man?(A) Help him find a job.(B) Drive him to the airport.(C) Show him around the city.(D) Cook him dinner.Part II Reading Comprehension (40 points)Section ADirections: In this section, there are four passages followed by questions or incomplete statements. Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question or the best completionto each statement. You are allowed to select one, two, three, or four answers.Passage 1Mark Zuckerberg, founder of Facebook, has revolutionized the way we communicate and interact with each other. His social networking site has over 1 billion active users, making it one of the most popular websites in the world. However, with its popularity come concerns about privacy and security. Critics argue that Facebook’s data collection practices invade users’ privacy, while supporters claim that the site offers a valuable platform for connecting with friends and family.11. What is the main topic of the passage?(A) Mark Zuckerberg’s hobbies.(B) The history of Facebook.(C) Privacy concerns about Facebook.(D) How to create a social networking site.12. How many active users does Facebook have?(A) 1,000(B) 100,000(C) 1,000,000(D) 1,000,000,00013. Why do critics have concerns about Facebook?(A) Its data collection practices.(B) Its user-friendly interface.(C) Its mobile app.(D) Its virtual reality technology.14. What do supporters argue about Facebook?(A) It invades users’ privacy.(B) It is not popular.(C) It is a valuable platform.(D) It is a waste of time.Passage 2The internet has changed the way we live, work, and play. With just a few clicks, we can access a wealth of information and connect with people all around the world. However, this convenience comes with risks, such as identity theft and onlinescams. It is important to be vigilant and protect your personal information when using the internet.15. What impact has the internet had on society?(A) Positive only.(B) Negative only.(C) Positive and negative.(D) No impact.16. What risks are associated with the internet?(A) Identity theft and online scams.(B) Increased productivity.(C) Healthy lifestyle choices.(D) Career opportunities.17. Why is it important to protect your personal information online?(A) To make friends.(B) To win prizes.(C) To avoid scams.(D) To increase your social media following.18. How can you protect your personal information online?(A) Share it with everyone.(B) Use a strong password.(C) Click on suspicious links.(D) Post it on social media.Passage 3Global warming is a pressing issue that affects us all. The rise in temperatures has led to extreme weather events, such as hurricanes and droughts, which have devastating effects on communities around the world. It is crucial for individuals and governments to take action to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and combat climate change.19. What is the main topic of the passage?(A) Global warming and its effects.(B) Various weather patterns.(C) Importance of recycling.(D) Industrial growth.20. What have extreme weather events led to?(A) Increased oil production.(B) More snow days.(C) Devastating effects on communities.(D) Renewable energy sources.21. What is crucial for individuals and governments to do?(A) Nothing.(B) Increase greenhouse gas emissions.(C) Take action to reduce emissions.(D) Support fossil fuel industries.22. How can individuals combat climate change?(A) Drive gas-guzzling vehicles.(B) Use energy-efficient appliances.(C) Waste water.(D) Cut down trees.Passage 4Artificial intelligence (AI) is a rapidly growing field that has the potential to revolutionize industries such as healthcare, transportation, and education. AI technologies, such as machinelearning and natural language processing, are being used to develop innovative solutions to complex problems. While AI offers great promise, there are ethical concerns about its impact on jobs and privacy.23. What is a rapidly growing field?(A) Medicine.(B) Agriculture.(C) Artificial intelligence.(D) Accounting.24. How are AI technologies, such as machine learning and natural language processing, being used?(A) To develop innovative solutions.(B) To create problems.(C) To decrease productivity.(D) To increase unemployment.25. What concerns are there about AI?(A) Ethical concerns.(B) Environmental concerns.(C) Social concerns.(D) Political concerns.26. What impact does AI have on jobs and privacy?(A) Positive only.(B) Negative only.(C) No impact.(D) Positive and negative.Section BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements about it. Each statement has a word or phrase missing. Choose the best answer from the options A, B, C, and D to complete the statement. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.Passage 527. The passage is mainly about __________.(A) the history of chocolate.(B) the health benefits of chocolate.(C) different types of chocolate.(D) how chocolate is made.28. The Aztecs considered chocolate to be a special food reserved for __________.(A) women(B) children(C) the elderly(D) warriors29. The Europeans were introduced to chocolate by the __________.(A) Aztecs(B) Mayans(C) Spaniards(D) Incas30. The Spaniards added sugar to chocolate, making it a drink __________.(A) for the poor(B) for the rich(C) for everyone(D) for royalty31. Today, chocolate is enjoyed __________.(A) during holidays(B) only in the winter(C) throughout the year(D) only in certain regions32. Dark chocolate contains a higher percentage of cocoa solids than __________.(A) milk chocolate(B) white chocolate(C) semi-sweet chocolate(D) artisanal chocolate33. Consuming chocolate in moderation may have __________ effects.(A) negative(B) neutral(C) positive(D) harmful34. Chocolate is believed to help __________ due to its antioxidant properties.(A) reduce stress(B) lower blood pressure(C) increase cholesterol(D) fight infections35. The flavonoids in dark chocolate may help improve__________.(A) vision(B) sleep(C) memory(D) digestion36. Eating chocolate can trigger the release of __________ in the brain, making you feel good.(A) serotonin(B) cortisol(C) estrogen(D) adrenalinePart III Writing (30 points)Directions: In this part, you are to write an essay of 150-200 words within 10 minutes. Your essay should be based on the information provided in the following passage.The Importance of EducationEducation plays a crucial role in shaping individuals and societies. It provides knowledge, skills, and values that help people lead productive and fulfilling lives. Education opens doors to opportunities and empowers individuals to achieve their goals. It also promotes social and economic development by creating a knowledgeable and skilled workforce. In today’s fast-paced and ever-changing world, education is more important than ever.In your essay, discuss the importance of education in today’s society. Provide examples and explain how education can benefit individuals and communities. Offer suggestions on how to improve the quality of education and make it more accessible to all.---This concludes the 2024 National Master's Entrance Examination English Test. Good luck!。

青海大学研究生学位英语考试真题及答案Qinghai University Postgraduate Degree English Exam1. Listening ComprehensionPart OneDirections: This part is to test your listening ability. There are 20 statements in this section, and you need to determine whether these sentences are true (T) or false (F).Example: The weather in Qinghai is usually hot in summer.(F)1. Qinghai University was founded in 1958. (T)2. The university offers undergraduate programs only. (F)3. The exam will be held on a Saturday. (T)4. Qinghai is known for its beautiful natural scenery. (T)5. The university has a strong focus on environmental studies. (T)Part TwoDirections: In this section, you will hear a short passage. After listening to the passage, you need to answer a few questions about it. Now listen to the passage.Questions:6. What is the speaker's opinion on studying at Qinghai University?7. What are some advantages of studying at Qinghai University?8. What are some popular majors at the university?9. Why does the university attract students from around the world?10. How can students apply for admission to Qinghai University?2. Reading ComprehensionPart OneDirections: This part is to test your reading comprehension. There are 5 passages with multiple-choice questions.Passage 1Qinghai University is located in the beautiful province of Qinghai, known for its stunning natural landscapes and unique culture. The university offers a wide range of programs, including undergraduate and postgraduate degrees in various fields.Questions:11. Where is Qinghai University located?A. BeijingB. ShanghaiC. QinghaiD. Chengdu12. What is Qinghai known for?A. Its technology programsB. Its natural landscapes and cultureC. Its urban developmentD. Its population densityPassage 2The university is committed to promoting environmental sustainability and green living. Students at Qinghai Universityhave the opportunity to engage in research projects that focus on protecting the environment and preserving natural resources.Questions:13. What is one of the university's focuses?A. TechnologyB. Environmental sustainabilityC. BusinessD. Medicine14. What do students have the chance to participate in?A. Cultural eventsB. Job fairsC. Research projectsD. Sporting competitions3. Writing SkillsPart OneDirections: In this section, you need to write a short essay on the following topic:"In your opinion, what are the advantages of studying abroad at Qinghai University? Provide examples to support your argument."Word limit: 200-300 wordsSample Answer:Studying abroad at Qinghai University offers a unique experience that combines academic excellence with a rich cultural environment. One advantage of studying at Qinghai University is the opportunity to immerse oneself in the stunning natural landscapes of the province. The university's strong focus on environmental studies provides students with hands-on experience in protecting the environment and promoting green living.Another advantage of studying at Qinghai University is the chance to engage with a diverse student body from around the world. The university attracts students from different countries, creating a multicultural learning environment. This exposure to different perspectives and backgrounds enhances students' understanding of global issues and prepares them for international careers.Overall, studying abroad at Qinghai University is a rewarding experience that offers academic, cultural, and personal growth opportunities.4. Answer KeyListening Comprehension1. T2. F3. T4. T5. T6. (Sample answer: The speaker believes that studying at Qinghai University is a great opportunity for academic and personal growth.)7. (Sample answer: Some advantages of studying at Qinghai University include its beautiful natural landscapes, strong environmental focus, and diverse student body.)8. (Sample answer: Popular majors at Qinghai University include environmental studies, engineering, and international relations.)9. (Sample answer: The university attracts students from around the world due to its academic excellence, cultural richness, and unique programs.)10. (Sample answer: Students can apply for admission to Qinghai University by submitting an online application form, academic transcripts, and letters of recommendation.)Reading Comprehension11. C12. B13. B14. CWriting SkillsSample essay provided aboveOverall, the postgraduate degree English exam at Qinghai University assesses students' listening, reading, and writing skills in English. It also tests their understanding of the university's programs, values, and opportunities. Studying abroad at Qinghai University is a rewarding experience that prepares students for successful careers in a globalized world.。

硕士研究生学位英语考试（模拟试题Part II Cloze (10 points)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the one that best fits in to the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter with a single line through the center.Mankind’s fascination with gold is as old as civilization itself. The ancient Egyptians respected gold, which had a religious 1 to them, and King Tutankhamun was buried in a sold-gold coffin 3,300 years ago. The wandering Israelites 2 a golden calf, and the legendary King Midas asked that everything he touched 3 into gold.4 only is gold beautiful, but it is5 indestructible. It will not rust or corrode; gold coins and products6 from the metal have survived undamaged for centuries. Gold is extremely easy to7 ; one ounce, which is about the size of a cube of sugar, can be beaten into a sheet nearly 100 square feet in size, and become to thin that light passes through it. An ounce of gold can also be8 into a wore 50 miles long. Gold9 electricity better than any other10 and it is particularly important in the modern electronics industry.People have always longed to 1 gold. Unfortunately, this longing has also 12 the worst in the human character. The Spanish conquerors of the 16th century robbed palaces, 13 and graves, and killed thousands of Indians in their 14 search for gold. Even today, the economic running of South Africa’s mines depends largely on the employment of black laborers who are paid about 40 pounds a month, plus room and board, and who must work in condition that can only be 15 as cruel.Historically, the desire to keep gold at home has been primarily 16 of the working and peasant chasses, who have no 17 in paper money. George Bernard Shaw 18 their instincts eloquently: “You have to choose between trusting to the natural stability of gold and the natural stability of the 19 and intelligence of members of the government”, he said, “and with due respect to these gentlemen, I advise you … to 20 for gold.”1. A. significance B. capability C. conception D. qualification2. A. bred B. grazed C. prayed D. worshiped3. A. turned B. was turned C. be turned D. to be turned4. A. It B. If C. Even D. Not5. A. apparently B. reversibly C. virtually D. actually6. A. fabricate B. to fabricate C. fabricating D. fabricated7. A. hand down B. work with C. wear out D. pay off8. A. expanded B. amplified C. stretched D. prolonged9. A. conveys B. conducts C. handles D. transplants10. A. substance B. component C. essence D. ingredient11. A. possess B. preserve C. explore D. rob12. A. backed up B. pulled out C. brought out D. amounted to13. A. churches B. temples C. nurseries D. cathedrals14. A. ruthless B. merciful C. aggressive D. maximal15. A. considered B. described C. illustrated D. characterized16. A. a commitment B. a job C. a profession D. an occupation17. A. royalty B. faith C. fidelity D. credit18. A. defended B. criticized C. commented D. narrated19. A. honesty B. delicacy C. capability D. confidence20. A. select B. choose C. elect D. votePart III Reading Comprehension (35 points)Passage 1One of the greatest mysteries of the world, for which scientists have so far been unable to find any satisfactory explanation, is the Bermuda Triangle, sometimes called “The Graveyard of the Atlantic.” This is an area of the Western Atlantic between Bermuda and Florida, roughly triangular in shape, where since 1845 at least a hundred ships and planes and over a thousand people have disappeared. No wreckage has been found, no bodies, lifebelts or any other evidence of disaster. It is as if these planes, ships and people had never existed. In some cases a routine radio message has been received from aircraft reporting everything in order a few minutes before all contact was lost, in others a weak S.O.S. message has been picked up and in perfect weather, inexplicable references to fog and loss of bearings. In the extraordinary case of five U.S. navy planes disappearing on a routine mission from Florida, the rescue plane sent to locate them vanished also. There have been references to the curious white light which is a feature of the sea in part of this area, and it is interesting to note that not only was this light observed by the astronauts o their way to space, but was also noted by Columbus, five centuries ago. Whether this light has any connection with the mysterious disappearances is unknown — it is just another curious circumstance as yet unexplained.Many theories, some bordering on the fantastic, have been advanced to account for the disturbing incidents that occur in the area of the Bermuda Triangle. It has been asked whether these disappearances are caused by extraterrestrial activity, by some undiscovered source of energy, or some dimension of time or space unguessed at by Man. There is no answer and speculation continues as anxiety increases.21.What is the most puzzling feature of the incidents that have occurred in the Bermuda Triangle area?A.The unexplained wreckage found in the area.B.The lack of evidence of disaster.C.The appearance of the wreckage.D.The disastrous losses in the area.22.Before contact with missing aircraft has been lost _______.A.unidentified signals have sometimes been received.B.confusing signals have sometimes been receivedC.the pilot has invariably reported bad weather conditionsD.the pilot has never made any request for assistance23.The five United States Navy planes that disappeared were _______.A.trying to locate a missing planeB.trying to rescue a plane in troubleC.on a special missionD.on a normal flight24.The curious white lights observed on the surface of the sea in the Bermuda Triangle area _______.A.were only seen by astronautB.were unearthed by ColumbusC.were seen from a spacecraftD.were not discovered for five centuries25.The cause of the disappearances of ships and planes in the area is ____.A.known only by laymenB.inexplicable to scientistsC.known only to scientistsprehensible only to scientistPassage 2Automation refers to the introduction of electronic control and automatic operation of productive machinery. It reduces the human factors, mental and physical, in production, and is designed to make possible the manufacture of more goods with fewer workers. The development of automation in Americanindustry has been called the “Second Industrial Revolution”.Labor’s concern over automation arises from uncertainty about the effects on employment, and fears of major changes in jobs. In the main, labor has taken the view that resistance to technical change is unfruitful. Eventually, the result of automation my well be an increase in employment, since it is expected that vast industries will grow up around manufacturing, maintaining, and repairing automation equipment. The interest of labor lies in bringing about the transition with a minimum of inconvenience and distress to the workers involved. Also, union spokesmen emphasize that the benefit of the increased production and lower costs made possible by automation should be shared by workers in the form of higher wages, more leisure, and improved living standards.To protect the interests of their members in the era of automation, unions have adopted a number of new policies. One of these is the promotion of supplementary unemployment benefit planes. It is emphasized that since the employer involved in such a plan has a direct financial interest in preventing unemployment, he will have a strong drive for planning new installations so as to cause the least possible problems in jobs and job assignments. Some unions are working for dismissal pay agreements, requiring that permanently dismissed workers be paid a sum of money based on length of service. Another approach is the idea of the “improvement factor”, which calls for wage increases based on increases in productivity. It is possible, however, that labor will rely mainly in reduction in working hours in order to gain a full share in the fruits of automation.26.Though labor worries about the effects of automation, it never doubts that _______.A.automation will eventually prevent unemploymentB.automation will help workers acquire new skillsC.automation will eventually benefit the workers no less than the employersD.automation is a trend which cannot be stopped27.The idea of the “improvement factor”(para.3) implies roughly _______.A.wages should be paid on the basis of length of serviceB.the benefit of the increased production and lower costs should be shared by workersC.supplementary unemployment benefit plans should be promotedD.about with the minimum of inconvenience and distress to workers28.In order to get the full benefits of automation, labor will depend mostly on _______.A.additional payment to the permanently dismissed workersB.the increase of wages in proportion to the increase in productivityC.shorter working hours and more leisure timeD.strong drive for planning new installations29.Which of the following can best sum up the passage?A.Advantages and disadvantage of automation.bor and the effects of automation.C.Unemployment benefit plans and automation.D.Social benefits of automation.Passage 3President Lincoln was leaning lightly forward with his hand on the railing. He had turned his head to look into the audience. Pulling around the flag that decorated the box, he was looking between the pillar and the flag. It was at this moment, 10:15 P.M., that John Wilkes Booth entered the door to box 8 and fired the fatal shot. A single-shot derringer, about six inches long, was fired by Booth at close range. The bullet entered Lincoln’s head and lodged close behind the right eye. The President slumped forward in his chair and then backward, never to regain consciousness.Quickly Major Rathbone sprang upon the assassin. Booth dropped the gun, broke from Rathbo ne’s grasp, and lunged at him with a large knife. Rathbone received a deep wound in his left arm above the elbow. Booth placed one hand on the railing to the left of the centre pillar, and jumped over the railing.Pathnone again seized Booth but caught onl y his clothing. As he leaped, Booth’s right boot struck the framed picture of George Washington. The spur on his heel caught in the fringe of the flag and brought it down, tearing a strip with it. These obstacles caused the assassin to lose his balance, and he fell awkwardly on the stage, He landed in a kneeling position with his left leg resting on the stage. In the fall, the large bone of his left leg was fractured about two inches above the ankle.The actor regained his balance like an athlete, and was supposed to have waved his dagger and shouted, “Sic Semper Tyrannis” (Thus always with tyrants), before dashing across the stage. Harry Hawk, seeing Booth coming toward him with a knife, ran through the centre doorway on the stage and up a flight of stairs.Leaving the stage on the north side of the theatre, Booth passed between Laura Keene and young William J. Ferguson, standing near a desk. In the narrow aisle leading from the stage to rear door, Booth bumped into William Withers Jr., the orchestra leader. He slashed twice at Withers, cutting his cost and knocking him to the floor before rushing out of the door. Grasping the horse’s reins from Mr. Burroughts, Booth felled him with the butt end of his knife. He then mounted his hose and rode swiftly from the alley. History had been made.30.Lincoln was shot while he was sitting in _______.A.the balconyB. the front rowC. the back rowD. a box seat31.The person who first tried to stop Booth was _______.A.FergusonB. WithersC. KeeneD. Rathbone32.In a fall to the stage, Booth fractured his _______.A.ArmB. ankleC. backD. leg33.The author arranges details _______.A.in order of importanceB. in order of timeC. in order of interestD.in order of space34.When Booth shouted “Sic Semper Tyrannis”, _______.A.he was scolding Major RathboneB. he was referring to himselfC. he was calling Lincoln a tyrantD. he was making a reference to his enemies35.The author develops his writhing through _______.A.personal opinionsB. vivid descriptionsC. scientific factsD. logical reasoningPassage 4Testing has replaced teaching in most public schools. My own children’s school week is framed by pretests, drills, tests, and retests. They know that the best way to read a textbook is to look at the questions at the end of the chapter and then skim the text for the answers. I believe that my daughter Erica, who gets excellent marks, has never read a chapter of any of her school textbooks all the way through. And teachers are often heard to state proudly and openly that they teach to the mandated state test.Teaching to the test is a curious phenomenon. Instead of deciding what skills students ought to learn, helping students learn them, and then using some sensible methods of assessment to discover whether students have mastered the skills, teachers are encouraged to reverse the process. First one looks at a commercially available test. Then one distills the skills needed not to master reading, say, or math, but to do well on the test. Finally, the test skills are taught.The ability to read or write or calculate might imply the ability to do reasonably well on standardized tests. However, neither reading nor writing develops simply through being taught to take tests. We must be careful to avoid mistaking preparation for a test of a skill with the acquisition of that skill. Too many discussions of basic skills make this fundamental confusion because people are test-obsessed rather than concerned with the nature and quality of what is taught.Recently, many schools have faced what could be called the crisis of comprehension or, in simpleterms, the phenomenon of students with phonic and grammar skills still being unable to understand what they read. These students are competent at test taking and filling in workbooks and ditto masters. However, they have little or no experience reading or thinking, and talking about what they read. They know the details but can’t see or understand the whole. They are taught to be so concerned with grade that they have no time or ease of mind to think about meaning, and reread things if necessary.36.The author gives an account of Erica’s performance in her study in order to _______.A.illustrate her cleverness in test-takingB.reveal the incompetence of teachersC.show there is something wrong with the current practice in teachingD.demonstrate the best way to read textbooks.37.Which of the following is true according to the passage?A.The phenomenon of teaching to the test has aroused curiosity in many educators.B.Skills in general are not only useless but often lead students astray.C.Ability to read and write is one thing, and ability to do well on standardized tests is quiteanotherD.Preparation for a test of a skill does not necessarily mean the acquisition of that skill.38.The author insists that _______.A.mandated state tests be replaced by some more sensible methods of assessment.B.Teachers pay more attention to the nature and quality of what is taught.C.Students not be concerned with grades but do more reading and thinking.D.Radical changes be brought about in the general approach to teaching39.We can safely conclude that _______ may cause educational problems.A.test obsessionB. standardized testsC. test-takingD. preparation for mandated state tests40.By “crisis of comprehension ” the author means ma ny students _______.A.are too much concerned with gradesB.fail to understand the real goal of educationck proper practice in phonic and grammar drillsD.are unable to understand what they read, though they do reasonably well on standardized testsPassage 5Do we need laws that prevent us from running risks with our lives? If so, then perhaps laws are needed prohibiting the sale of cigarettes and alcoholic drinks. Both products have been known to kill people. The hazards of drinking too much alcohol are as bad or worse than the hazards of smoking too many cigarettes. All right then, let’s pass a law closing the liquor stores and the bars in this country. Let’s put and end once and for all to the ruinous disease from which as many as 10 million Americans currently suffer — alcoholism.But wait. We’ve already tried that. For 13years, between 1920 and 1933, there were no liquor stores anywhere in the United States. They were shut down—abolished by an amendment to the Constitution (to18th) and by a law of Congress (the Volstead Act). After January 20, 1920, there was supposed to be no more manufacturing, selling, or transporting of “intoxicating liquors.” Without any more liquor, people could not drink it. And if they did not drink it, how could they get drunk? There would be no more dangers to the public welfare from drunkenness and alcoholism. It was all very logical. And yet prohibition of liquor, beer, and wine did not work. Why?Because, law or no law, millions of people still liked to drink alcohol. And they were willing to take risks to get it. They were not about to change their tastes and habits just because of a change in the law. And gangs of liquor smugglers made it easy to buy an illegal drink — or two or three. They smuggled millions of gallons of the outlawed beverages across the Canadian and Mexican borders. Drinkers were lucky to know of an illegal bar that served Mexican or Canadian liquor. Crime anddrunkenness were both supposed to decline as a result of prohibition. Instead, people drank more alcohol than ever — often poisoned alcohol.On December 5, 1933, they repealed Prohibition by ratifying the 21th Amendment to the Constitution.41.Which of the following was NOT characteristic reason for the proposal of the 18th Amendment tothe Constitution and the Volstead Act?A.There would no further danger to the public from alcoholism.B.There would be a rise in the cost of alcoholic beverages.C.Without liquor, people would not drink.D.People would not become drunk or create a public nuisance.42.During Prohibition, illegal alcohol was _______.A.sold openlyB.no longer a temptationC. a major factor in the passage of the Volstead ActD.brought across the Mexican and Canadian borders43.During Prohibition, people _______.A.lived in fear of the law.B.were willing to risk arrest for the pleasure of liquorC.recklessly endangered their communitiesD.were respectful of the legal sanctions placed on them44.When enacting the prohibition laws, government officials assumed that _______.A.every American would buy alcohol illegallyB.all criminal activities would ceaseC.patrols of the Canadian border would halt the sale of alcoholD.the social threat from drunkenness would decline45.It can be inferred from the passage that _______.A.the Congress was wise to repeal ProhibitionB.the Prohibition Era was characterized by a decrease in crime and drunkennessC.during Prohibition, most Americans stopped drinkingws should be passed to ban the sale of alcoholic beveragesPassage SixIs it possible to persuade mankind to live without war? War is an ancient institution which has existed for at least six thousand years. It was always bad and usually foolish, but in the past the human race managed to live with it. Modern ingenuity has changed this. Either Man will abolish war, or war will abolish Man. For the present, it is unclear weapons that cause the most serious danger, but bacteriological or chemical weapons may, before long, offer an even greater threat. If we succeed in abolishing nuclear weapons, our work will not be done. It will never be done until we have succeeded in abolishing war. To do this, we need to persuade mankind to look upon international questions in a new way, not as contests of force, in which the victory goes to the side which is most skilful in killing people, but by arbitration in accordance with agreed principles of law. It is not easy to change very old mental habits, but this is what must be attempted.There are those who say that the adoption of this or that ideology would prevent war. I believe this to be a big error. All ideologies are based upon dogmatic statements which are, at best, doubtful, and at worst, totally false. Their adherents believe in them so fanatically that they are willing to go to war in support of them.The movement of world opinion during the past few years has been very largely such as we can welcome. It has become a commonplace that nuclear war must be avoided. Of course very difficult problems remain in the world, but the spirit in which they are being approached is a better one than it was some years age. It has begun to be thought, even by the powerful men who decide whether we shall live or die,that negotiations should reach agreements even if both sides do not find these agreements wholly satisfactory. It has begun to be understood that the important conflict nowadays is not between different countries, but between Man and the atom bomb.46.This passage implies that war is now _______.A.worse than in the pastB.as bad as in the pastC.not so dangerous as in the pastD.as necessary as in the past47.In the sentence “To do this, we need to persuade mankind.” (Paragraph 1), “this” refer to ____?A.abolish warB.improve weaponsC.solve international problemsD.live a peaceful life48.From paragraph 2 we learn that the writer of the passage _______.A.is an adherent of some modern ideologiesB.does not think that the adoption of any ideology could prevent warC.believes that the adoption of some ideologies could prevent warD.does not doubt the truth of any ideologies49.According to the writer, ____.A.war is the only way to solve international disputesB.war will be less dangerous because of the improvement of weaponsC.it is impossible for people to live without warD.war must be abolished if man wants to survive50.The last paragraph suggests that _______.A.international agreements can be reached more easilyB.man begins to realize the danger of nuclear warC.nuclear war will definitely not take placeD.world opinion welcomes nuclear warPassage SevenFor years there have been endless articles stating that scientists are on the verge of achieving artificial intelligence, that it is just around the corner. The truth is that it may be just around the corner, but they haven’t yet found the right block.Artificial intelligence aims to build machines that can think. One immediate problem is to define thought, which is harder than you might think. The specialists in the field of artificial intelligence complain, with some justification, that anything that their machines do is dismissed as not being thought. For example, computers can now play very, very good chess. They can’t beat the greatest players in the world, but they can beat just about anybody else. If a human being played chess at this level, he or she would certainly be considered smart. Why not a machine? The answer is that the machine doesn’t do anything clever in playing chess. It uses its blinding speed to do a brute-force search of all possible moves for several moves ahead, evaluates the outcomes and picks the best. Humans don’t play chess that way. They see patterns, which computers don’t.This wooden approach to thought characterizes machine intelligence. Computers have no judgment, no flexibility, no common sense, So-called expert systems, one of the hottest areas in artificial intelligence, aim to mimic the reasoning processes of human experts in a limited field, such as medical diagnosis or weather forecasting. There may be limited commercial applications for this sort of thing, but there is no way to make a machine that can think about anything, under the sun, which a teenager can do.The hallmark of artificial intelligence to date is that if a problem is severely restricted, amachine can achieve limited success. But when the problem is expanded to a realistic one, computers fall flat on their display screens. For example, machines can understand a few words spoken individually by a speaker that they have been trained to hear. They cannot understand continuous speech using an unlimited vocabulary spoken by just any speaker.51.From the passage, we know that the writer _______.A.think that scientists are about to achieve artificial intelligenceB.doubts whether scientists can ever achieve artificial intelligenceC.does not think that scientists have found real artificial intelligenceD.is sure that scientists have achieved artificial intelligence52.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to paragraph 2?A.The writer thinks that the specialists’ complaints don’t have any reasons.B.Anything that the computer does can be regarded as thought.C.It is very hard to define thoughtputer play chess in exactly the same way as humans.53.The advantage of the computer in playing chess lies in _______.A.its cleverness in thinking out original movesB.its ability to pick up the best out of all possible moves very quicklyC.its flexibility in choosing several different movesD.its ability to see patterns54.What is the characteristic of machine intelligence?A.Its correct judgment.B.Its high flexibility.C.Its ability to think about anything.D.Its rigid approach to thought.55.Which of the following statements about computers is TRUE according to the passage?puters can beat any chess player in the world.puters can never be used to forecast weather.puters can be trained to understand some words spoken by a speaker.puters can be made to think as a teenager does.Part IV Translation (20 points)Section A Put the following into Chinese on your Answer sheet.The U.S. side stated: Peace in Asia and peace in the world requires efforts both to reduce immediate tensions and to eliminate the basic causes of conflict. The U.S. will work for a just and secure peace: just, because it fulfills the aspirations of peoples and nations for freedom and progress; secure, because it removes the danger of foreign aggression. The U.S. supports individual freedom and social progress for all the peoples of the world, free of outside pressure or intervention. The U.S. believes that the effort to reduce tensions is served by improving communication between countries that have different ideologies so as to lessen the risks of confrontation through accident, miscalculation or misunderstanding. Countries should treat each other with mutual respect and be willing to compete peacefully, letting performance be the ultimate judge.Section B Put the following into English on your Answer sheet.实行科教兴国战略和可持续发展战略。

研究生英语学位课统考（GET）模拟试卷1(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1.B．Paragraph 2.C．Paragraph 3.D．Paragraph 4.正确答案：C解析：文章第三段最后两句都是在讲“the destruction done by oil companies”，故选C项。

TRANSLATIONSection A Put the following paragraph into Chinese.61．The main impression growing out of twelve years on the faculty of a medical school is that the No. 1 health problem in the U.S. today, even more than AIDS or cancer, is that Americans don’t know how to distinguish between health and illness. We fear the worst, expect the worst, thus invite the worst and the result is that we are becoming a nation of weaklings and hypochondriacs, a self-medicating society incapable of distinguishing between casual, everyday symptoms and those that require professional attention.正确答案：一所医学院的工作人员历时十二年形成了这样的大致印象：如今美国的头号健康问题是美国人分不清健康与疾病。

这种症状比艾滋病或癌症更为严重。

我们担心会染上重病，设想自己得了重病，因此就真的染上了重病。