山东省五莲县第三中学2019-2020年高三模拟试题

2019-2020学年山东省五莲县第三中学高三生物上学期期中考试试卷及参考答案一、选择题：本题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分。

每小题只有一个选项符合题目要求。

1. 下列关于A TP的叙述，正确的是（）A.细胞内A TP与ADP相互转化的能量供应机制体现了生物界的统一性B.吸能反应往往伴随着ATP合成，放能反应往往伴随着ATP水解C.ATP分子由腺嘌岭、脱氧核糖和磷酸组成D.线粒体、叶绿体合成的ATP均可用于物质跨膜运输2. 下列有关检测生物组织中还原糖、脂肪和蛋白质三个实验的叙述中，不正确的是（）A. 进行蛋白质鉴定实验时，向2 mL蛋白质溶液中加入适量的CuSO4溶液后，摇匀，再注入4滴NaOH溶液，摇匀，溶液呈紫色B. 只有脂肪检测需要使用显微镜C. 检测还原糖、蛋白质所用试剂成分相同，但是溶液浓度、使用比例和方法不同D. 三个实验的显色反应均不相同3. 神经细胞甲释放多巴胺会导致神经细胞乙产生兴奋，甲细胞膜上的多巴胺运载体可以把发挥作用后的多巴胺运回细胞甲。

某药物能够抑制多巴胺运载体的功能，干扰甲、乙细胞间的兴奋传递(如图)。

下列有关叙述错误的是（）A.①中多巴胺的释放过程依赖于细胞膜的流动性B.药物会导致突触间隙多巴胺的作用时间缩短C.①释放的多巴胺与①结合会导致细胞乙的膜电位改变D.多巴胺只能由细胞甲释放，作用于细胞乙使兴奋单向传递4. 细胞的结构复杂而精巧，各种结构组分协调配合，使生命活动能够在变化的环境中自我调控、高度有序地进行。

下列有关细胞结构与功能的描述错误的是（）A.破坏小鼠胰岛B细胞的高尔基体，小鼠的血糖浓度上升B.破坏果蝇卵巢细胞的无膜细胞器，细胞内染色体组数目会加倍C.溶酶体膜发生破裂后，其含有的多种水解酶可导致细胞凋亡D.线粒体内嵴的面积减少会导致有氧呼吸减慢5. 下列有关体液调节叙述正确的A.垂体能分泌各种促激素释放激素，是调节内分泌的枢纽B.一些多细胞低等动物只有体液调节C.体液调节中的信息分子被定向运输到靶细胞发挥作用D.激素发挥作用后就会被灭活，所以体内的激素含量总处于剧烈变化中6. 科学家利用人类干细胞在实验室中培育出了“微型人脑”，该组织已经达到9周胎儿大脑的发育水平，但不能独立思考。

2019-2020学年山东省五莲县第三中学高三语文上学期期中考试试题及参考答案一、现代文阅读（36分）(一)现代文阅读I(9分)阅读下面的文字，完成各题。

补丁旧景宗崇茂晚上看电视，女主人公衣服上的那些补丁，怎么看都只是假假的道具。

真正的补丁，应该是散发着朴素的泥土气息的一景，像水墨的村庄，自自然然散落于原野之上。

我之所以把补丁称为一景，是因为它实在过于久远，久远得令人心生怀念。

那时的村庄，有谁没有穿过补丁衣服？大人们衣服上的补丁，大多打在两肩。

不用说，那时因为长年累月重担压肩的缘故。

旧补丁打新补丁，叠了一层又一层，像是生活起的茧。

记忆中，和村里的其他丫头们一样，妹妹穿的补丁衣服最少。

倒不是父母偏心，而是丫头们相对要文静得多。

诸如我这样的小伙头子则是另一番情形了，往往是浑身上下都被补丁全副武装，像是满身铠甲的战士。

不到迫不得已，乡下孩子大多是不穿鞋的。

母亲在腊月里紧追慢赶做好的新布鞋，过年后不长的日子里，就会咧开嘴，脚趾头探了出来，像调皮的小脑袋。

母亲训斥一声：没出息的东西！给破洞镶上补丁，可不久又再度绽开。

因为我们总是按捺不住穿新鞋的兴奋，抑或是不习惯鞋的束缚，按大人的说法，老是坐没坐相，走没走相。

那时还不知足球的方圆，可走路时我们总爱一路踢踏着什么东西，一块硬泥巴，或是一截老树棍，不然脚趾头就发拜。

大人真的生气了。

做鞋的布料并不容易找到，也没有那么多做鞋的工夫，一气之下，就把鞋没收了。

于是一年之中，有大半年的光景，我们总是赤足走进课堂或田埂。

虽然没穿鞋，但我们走路时疯疯癫癫的模样依然如故，脚就免不了有被划得皮开肉绽鲜血淋漓的时候，还不能哭，只是咧咧嘴，呲呲牙，草草包扎的纱布，突兀得就像一块白色的补丁。

用不着打破伤风针，翻出已被母亲洗净补好的鞋子套上。

想不到，没几天伤口就好了，很神奇，是不是重新穿上鞋子的缘故呢？上衣口袋因老是撕破，一年到头总是聋拉着。

而最容易磨破的地方是裤子膝盖。

放学后，母亲让我去打猪草。

2020届山东省五莲县第三中学高三英语三模试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AReturns & Refund Guarantee（保证；保证书）The “Returns & Refund Guarantee” is a promise provided by sellers for every item they sell on DHgate. com. When you receive an item that was bought and paid for on our site, and you find it is not as described or isof low quality, you can contact the seller to resolve these problems. DHgate will offer additional assistance if the seller is not cooperative.Scope（范围）The following points should not be included in the “Returns & Refund Guarantee”：▲The seller didn't make any promise.▲The seller can provide evidence to prove the items are as described.▲You didn't contact the seller within the promised time.▲You have released the payment to the seller before asking DHgate for help.Sellers are able to set up the following promises：Returning items for any reasonBuyers can return items for a refund within a specific date which has been set up by sellers, such as 3 days, and 7 days from the day when the items are received. The items' receiving date is the date that is indicated on the shipping carrier's official website. Buyers should prepay any return shipping cost, which will be given back to the buyers after the seller receives the items as long as the items are returned in the same exact condition as when they were delivered.Returns or Refunds accepted if the product has quality issuesBuyers can return the items for a refund when they are not as described or possess quality issues by communicating directly with the seller. The seller is responsible for the return shipping cost.Buyers can get a refund and keep the items when the items are not as described or possess quality issues by negotiating directly with sellers.1.Who can get additional assistance from DHgate in the guarantee?A.The buyers in physical stores.B.The buyers on DHgate. com.C.The sellers on DHgate. com.D.Both the buyers and the sellers.2.Which situation is within the scope of the guarantee?A.The seller didn't make any promise.B.The buyer has paid the seller in advance.C.The buyer asked for help within the promised time.D.The seller proves that there is nothing wrong with the item.3.Which of the following is true according to the passage?A.Not all the sellers make promises.B.DHgate sometimes will pay the buyers.C.Sellers should prepay return shipping cost.D.The buyer can't keep the items after getting a refund.BI am a part of the Windward Robotics team known as the Omnicats, one of the many clubs offered at my school. My eight teammates and I started out by watching the robotics qualifiers and finals of Chinese teams. We used these robotics videos for inspiration and drew up mind maps of what our team wanted to do.We meet every day for two hours after school in order to build our robots. Typically, adultsoverseewhat students are building, but my school lets teens take control. It leaves room for more errors, but we're prouder of our final product.Before our first real match, a practice was offered at the actual site. My sub-team had been further along than other teams but quickly fell behind. When we arrived on that big day, I immediately felt my teammates' nervousness. Our first match was in three minutes. All of us glanced around at each other since we were not prepared at all. Our robot was still sitting in a box. Two of our teammates rushed to take the robot for an official examination as the rest of us discussed our strategy (策略).Our team captain explained that we all should try driving the robot now, while it was early in the season. She gave me the remote. I had only driven for a limited amount of time in practice so I was extremely nervous. Our autonomous code (自动代码) beganto run almost immediately after our short discussion. Despite all the drama, we ended up winning the match.Not too bad for the first match! I was so proud. I did not enjoy the pressure of driving but liked building the robot behind the scenes instead.We have transferred to a different type of robotics at the end of the semester, which involves the whole teamdesigning one giant robot with large tools. I am a part of the electrical team now, so I make sure the motherboard (母板) can supply the robot's energy needs. We have all enjoyed the rest of the season and learned that robotics it never dull!4. What does the underlined word in paragraph 2 probably mean?A. InspectB. AdmireC. OverlookD. Assume5. Why did her teammatesfed so nervous before first match?A. Because it was really too difficult for them.B. Because they didn't prepare for it at all.C. Because they didn't know what the match would be like.D. Because they didn't make full preparations before the match.6. How did the author feel about their first robotics match?A. It was tiring but exciting.B. It was stressful but wonderful.C. It was terrible but powerful.D. It was boring but professional7. What is the best title for the text?A. A Girl Who Loves RobotsB. My First Robotics MatchC. Teamwork for RobotsD. Robotics Is Never DullCSpain's tourism industry is looking to Chinese tourists for its high-endmarket, according to Rafael Cascales, president of the Spain-China Tourism Association (ATEC). “It is the kind of tourism that is not only interested in the sun, beach and the “all-included” culture. They enjoy culture, wine, history and nature, and the new Chinese tourists would also want to spend more money in Spain," said Cascales in a recent interview with Xinhua.“They are younger, more women travel and they are more cosmopolitan (见多识广的).They also travel on their own or in couples or in smaller groups. The old-fashioned large groups of visitors have not disappeared, but this new form of traveling is becoming more important,55he said.Speaking of the consumption pattern of the new kind of Chinese tourists, Cascales said, “The money they spend is distributed better because they will book one flight with one airline, the hotel with another company and the restaurant with another.” In his eyes, “Chinese tourists are very important because they combine two things: there are a large number of them and they spend more money than anyone else — almost four times more than tourists from other countries." They not only travel abroad in the summer months when Spain has to competewith the sun and beaches in countries such as Turkey and Egypt, but also travel in the off-peak seasons of a year, according to Cascales.In 2017, Spain is the second most popular tourist destination in the world, only after France. It attracted about 82 million visitors, 700,000 of them from China, a number which is estimated to rise to about 2.2 million by 2022.“We are ready; we have the infrastructure (基础设施) at every level, especially in hotel capacity. Here those visitors can find what they are looking for, including the luxury items which distinguish them,” Cascales noted.8. What are the features of the new Chinese tourists according to Cascales?A. They are cautious about spending money in Spain.B. They are likely to travel in smaller groups now.C. They are only interested in the sun and beach.D. They are mainly male visitors of middle age.9. What can we learn about the consumption pattern of new Chinese tourists?A. They will reserve flights and hotels with different companies.B. They will spend less money than tourists from other countries.C. They will travel abroad only during the off-peak seasons.D. They will spend the money in different cities.10. What is done to meet the demands of Chinese tourists?A. Local cultures in Spain are promoted.B. Well-furnished hotels are provided.C. Best and expensive items are offered for free.D. More shopping sites are constructed.11. What is the purpose of this text?A. To introduce the tourism industry of Spain.B. To show Spain's desire to attract Chinese tourists.C. To describe the features of Chinese tourists.D. To advertise Spain as a top tourist destination.DPaper is one of our oldest, simplest and most important inventions. But it also presents a danger to the world in two important ways. First, the making of paper requires the loss of many millions of trees each year. Andworldwide use of paper is expected to double in the next 40 years. Clearly, the planet cannot stand such a high rate of forest loss. The second great problem with paper is what happens once it is no longer useful. A large amount of wastepaper ends up in landfills, where it can produce harmful gases and finally contribute to global climate change.One simple solution can greatly reduce both of these problems: paper recycling. Instead of cutting down trees, recycle existing paper to feed the paper-making process.Paper is mainly made from cellulose (纤维素)，which can be used repeatedly in papermaking. Unfortunately, it also means that paper waste takes a surprisingly long time to break down in landfills. So far, trees are the only source(来源) of cellulose that can fill the great demand for paper products. Therefore, recycling paper is simply one of the best ways to save trees. Thanks to advances in processing, recycled paper need not be the dark-color1 edstuff many of us are familiar with. It now can offer the same print performance as non-recycled paper.Effective recycling requires a continuous effort from everyone at all levels of society. The way to begin is with education and understanding. Once enough people realize the need for recycling, more effective recycling systems can be developed.The need is real. The massive loss of trees affects everybody on earth. Everyone should do their part to recycle paper and encourage government and industry to do the same. The world will be a better place for it!12. What can we infer from the text?A. The use of recycled paper will double in 40 years.B. Recycling paper helps relieve global climate change.C. Wastepaper can easily break down in landfills.D. There are not enough landfills for wastepaper.13. What makes recycled paper more acceptable?A. The great demand of trees.B. The low processing cost.C. Its dark-color1 ed feature.D. Its improved print performance.14. What does the author propose?A. Punishing the act of cutting trees.B. Recycling paper.C. Improving recycling system.D. Promoting paper industry.15. How is the text mainly developed?A. By analyzing causes and effects.B. By offering research plans and data.C. By discussing problems and solutions.D. By comparing strengths and weaknesses.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020年山东省五莲县第三中学高三英语三模试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIt's time to put your two-wheeler to good use on these fun bike paths — each varying in distance and difficulty. Just choose one fit for you.• Paulinskill Valley TrailCheck out Paulinskill Valley Trail, filled with forests, wetlands, and small townsalong this 25- mile route. While the trail is mostly flat, you can do a quick ride. You're likely to catch sight of beautiful birds, considering more than 100 species find a home in the land near the path. Check out the trail in the fall - prime time for pretty sights.•AlaHele MakalaeOn theislandofKaui, you'll find a bike path with lots of beachy views that'll leave you feeling accomplished yet calm. The name translates to “The Path that Goes By Coast,” and, as you might guess, the seven-mile path hugs the shoreline. Start early enough and you'll witness an incredible sunrise to make it even more amazing,• TheCheaha RouteThis ride covers up to 126 miles, with steep climbs and extreme downhills along the way. So prepare for a thrilling ride - one that’s not necessarily for the inexperienced or those looking for an easy, casual ride. Along the route, you'll pedal through five towns. The journey is worth it, though, because you get some of the most scenic views in the state.• The Whitefish TrailFamous for its countless route options, whether you’re a new biker looking for smooth tracks or you have more experience and want to play around on rocky, more technical land, this bike path brings in lots of visitors. The 43-mile route offers beautiful green scenery. Around every comer, you’ll see a new jaw-dropping landscape, from glassy lakes to green mountains.1. When is the best time to visit Paulinskill Valley Trail?A. In Autumn.B. All year round.C. On early mornings.D. On sunny days.2. Which route is not fit for someone new to cycling?A. The Whitefish Trail.B. Ala Hele Makalae.C. Paulinskill Valley Trail.D. TheCheaha Route.3. What's the common feature of the four routes?A. They are full of challenges.B. Various route options are offered.C. They have beautiful scenery.D. Different species can be found there.BI got my first bike when I was nine years old. Jimmy, the bike, was my first love. I rode it everywhere. The suburb, the back lanes, the fields and forests, the river paths and swampland were far more exciting than any adventure novel or television series.There’s nothing quite like the relationship between a child and his bicycle and the endless happiness two wheels and a pair of strong legs offer. No video or computer game can replace the liberation of being alone on a bicycle.As parents, to deny children the simple pleasure of riding a bike is a failure of our responsibilities to raise independent and stable young citizens. We should offer our children a healthy alternative to hours in front of an addictive screen. Studies have shown that cycling promotes not only muscle growth but brain growth. Guess which country has children with the best mental health outcomes and is regularly the top of listings of the happiest young people. No surprise it’s theNetherlands, the unquestioned leader among industrial countries in encouraging bicycle use.Our dependence on cars has degraded the public transport system, polluted our sky, led to the untimely death of thousands every year, and denied children safe access to their suburbs. A recent study found that 69% of children were accompanied to school. The same study found that a similar number of parents drove to work.In some regions ofJapan, when children start their first year of school, parents are expected to walk with them for the first few weeks, introducing them to residents and shopkeepers along the chosen route, letting the community take care of these children. However, driving children to school isproscribed. Children can choose to ride a bike or walk to school after they are familiar with the community, and it’s the community’s role to keep them safe.Therefore, I strongly advise the government to provide better infrastructure (基础设施). Build separated cycle lanes, decrease speed limits, and design street scapes that favour people over cars. The results will be less pollution, quieter suburbs, a healthier population and, best of all, happy and independent children.4. What can we infer about the author from the text?A. He was addicted to computer games.B. He liked taking adventurous trips in nature.C. He had great fun exploring the outside by cycling.D.He got his first birthday present at the age of nine.5. Why does the author mention theNetherlandsin Paragraph 3?A. To introduce his good way of raising independent children.B. To illustrate the great influence riding has on mental health.C. To stress the importance of being physically and mentally healthy.D. To explain cycling does best in city development in theNetherlands.6. What does the underlined word “proscribed” in Paragraph 5 probably mean?A. Recommended.B. Protected.C. Delayed.D. Forbidden.7. How does the author mainly support his idea?A. By analyzing causes.B. By listing examples.C.By giving definitions.D. By analyzing scientific data.CHoneybees can’t swim, and when their wings are wet, they can’t fly, either. But Chris Roh and other researchers at the California Institute of Technology found that when bees drop into bodies of water, they can use their wings toproduce little waves and slide toward land-like surfers who create and then ride their own waves.As with many scientific advances-IsaacNewton’s apple or Benjamin Franklin’s lightning bolt-Dr. Roh’s experiment began with a walk. Passing Caltech’s Millikan Pond in 2016, he observed a bee on the water’s surface producing waves. He wondered how an insect known for flight could push itself through water.Dr. Roh and his co-worker, Morteza Gharib, used butterfly nets to collect localPasadenahoneybees and observed their surf-like movements. The researchers used a wire to restrict each bee’s bodily movement, allowing close examination of their wings. They found that the bee bends its wings at a 30-degree angle, pulling up water and producing a forward force. Bees get trapped on the surface because water is roughly three times heavier than air. But that weight helps to push the bee forward when its wings move quickly up and down. It’s a tough exercise for the bees, which the researchers guess could handle about 10 minutes of the activity.The researchers said the surf-like movement hasn’t been documented in other insects and most semiaquatic insects use their legs forpropulsion, which is known as water-walking. It may have evolved in bees, they-predicted.Dr. Roh and Dr. Gharib have imagined many practical applications for bees’ surfing. One plan is to use their observations to design robots able to travel across sky and sea. “This could be useful for search and rescues, or forgetting samples of the surface of the ocean, if you can’t send a boat or helicopter,” Dr. Gharib said.8. What does the author intend to show by mentioningNewtonandFranklin?A. Roh’s admiration for them.B. Roh’s chance discovery about bees.C. Their outstanding talent for science.D. Their similar achievements in discovery.9. What plays the most vital role in a bee’s moving forward on water?A. The air weight.B. Its leg extension.C. The water movement.D. Its continuous wingbeat.10. What does the underlined word “propulsion” in Paragraph 4 mean?A. Fast flightB. Driving force.C. Pulling speed.D. Explosive power.11. What does the text mainly tell us?A. Honeybees can surf to safety.B. Bees help scientists make inventions.C. Insects can adapt to the environment.D. Nature is a helpful guide for discovery.DDragon boating is a team sport that has its root in ancient China. The boats are decorated with a dragon head and tail. In recent years cancer survivor groups have got involved in the sport to help make friends and help rebuild their lives.On a recent Saturday morning, a group of 20 women were on a boat in the Anacostia River in Washington DC. They moved their paddles(船桨)in rhythm to the call of a coach. The women belong to the dragon boat team GoPink! DC, which trains weekly. It also races against other breast cancer survivor teams in dragon boat festivals. As a result, GoPink! DC won medals in this Washington dragon boat festival.Lydia Collins joined five years ago after finding out she had breast cancer. “I was diagnosed with breast cancer.I was demoralized because of my illness - I lost all interest in life and wouldn't even get out of bed to eat. But now I love the team spirit. I just love everything about it. It is like a floating support group on the water.”The paddles are breast cancer survivors and their supporters. Annette Rothemel helped establish(建立)the group in 2006. She is a researcher with the National Institutes of Health as well as a breast cancer survivor. “It is sort of an easy entry sport because on the same boat people at different levels can be doing the same sport.” But Ms Rothemel saysdragon boating can be physically demanding, especially for someone who is sick and getting treatment for cancer.“It’s hard but I think you have to challenge yourself in life. This is something I look forward to. I get to be out here with my sisters and supporters that understand what I’m going through and help motivate me. So it makesme stronger and it makes me feel better,” another cancer survivor Rhonda Hartzel said.Annette Rothemel says the cancer survivors feel a sense of sisterhood and share good times when they paddle together. She says both feelings are treasured by the team.12. What do the underline wordsdemoralizedIn para.3 probably mean?A. depressedB. anxiousC. astonishedD. awkward13. What can we know about Lydia Collims from the text?A. she helps establish Go Pink !DCB. she tries to find a cure for the cancerC. she benefits from the dragon boat raceD. she gives up hope because of her illness14. How can the dragon boat race help the cancer survivorsA. forget their tough experiencesB. recover physically and mentallyC. get rid of the pains of their cancerD. enjoy their rest life without sufferings15. What does the text tell us about Annette Rothemel?A. she is an expert in studying the cause of the cancerB. she helps the cancer survivors in financial difficultiesC. she believes there is a healthful result from the dragon boat raceD. she thinks it unwise for the patient to join in the dragon boat race第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019-2020学年山东省五莲县第三中学高三生物模拟试题及参考答案一、选择题：本题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分。

每小题只有一个选项符合题目要求。

1. 关于人体神经调节和体液调节的叙述正确的是（）A.体液调节也称为激素调节B.体液调节作用范围比较广泛，通常都会作用全身细胞C.二者共同协调、相辅相成，体液调节占主导地位D.体液调节受中枢神经系统的调节，也能影响神经系统2. 下列关于细胞结构的叙述，正确的是（）A.一般地说，细胞与环境间的物质交换速率随着细胞体积的增大而增大B.细胞生物都含有DNA和RNA，其遗传物质是DNAC.与动物细胞相比，植物细胞有胞间连丝、高尔基体等结构D.核糖体是合成蛋白质的场所，其形成过程受核仁的控制3. 血浆脂蛋白是存在于哺乳动物血浆中的脂-蛋白复合物，载脂蛋白B（apoB）是血浆脂蛋白中的蛋白质部分，其基本功能是运载脂类。

人体中载脂蛋白B有apoB48和apoB100两种类型，apoB100在肝脏中合成，apoB48在小肠中合成。

若apoB100的mRNA上某一特定位点的胞嘧啶变为尿嘧啶，导致CAA密码子被终止密码子UAA替换，最终编码产生apoB48。

这样通过RNA编辑，就产生了两种不一样的蛋白质。

以下相关叙述正确的是（）A.apoB48基因是由apoB100基因中的碱基发生替换产生的B.apoB48的相对分子量比apoB100的大C.apoB48和apoB100的mRNA分别由不同的模板DNA链转录形成D.RNA编辑增加了基因产物的多样性，有利于生物的进化4. 在搭建DNA分子模型的实验中，模型零件中有4个碱基C，6个碱基G，3个碱基A，7个碱基T，脱氧核糖40个，磷酸100个，脱氧核糖和磷酸之间的连接物14个，代表氢键的连接物和脱氧核糖和碱基之间的连接物充足，能搭建一个DNA分子片段的碱基对是（）A.4对B.5对C.6对D.7对5. 完成反射的结构基础是（）A. 刺激B. 兴奋C. 神经中枢D. 反射弧6. 关于生物的激素调节及其应用方面的有关说法正确的是（）A.胰岛素分泌不足的成年人排尿量会相应增加，逐渐消瘦，体重减少B.胰岛素与胰高血糖素的协同作用对人体正常的生命活动是有利的C.切除动物的垂体后，血液中促甲状腺激素释放激素和甲状腺激素均会减少D.摄盐过多后再增加饮水量，不利于维持细胞外液渗透压的相对恒定7. 许多生物学知识在我国源远流长的传统文化中都留下了浓重的一笔，下列说法与所蕴含的生物学道理不符的是（）A.4世纪葛洪所著《抱朴子》一书中记有“海藻酒疗瘿”，是利用了海藻中的“碘”治疗甲状腺肿大B.7世纪的孙思邈用猪肝治疗雀目，现在看来就是用猪肝中储存的维生素A治疗色盲症C. 《诗经·小雅·小宛》中的“螟蛉有子，蜾蠃负之”体现了物种间的捕食关系D. 思想家孟子、庄子等提出的“天人合一”的观念，体现了人与自然的和谐统一8. 选取长度相同的幼苗，实验装置如图甲所示，给予光照，在不同时间测定胚芽鞘伸长的长度，结果如图乙。

2020年山东省五莲县第三中学高三英语模拟试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AI truly thought thatI might die that day. Had I not seen three bears and a few wolves over the last couple of days near the road, I might have just lain down and called it quits. What in the world was I thinking, dragging my bike up to Yellowstone and thinking I could ride from West Yellowstone to Old Faithful in the snow? No less!I had planned this trip for more than two months, and I wasn't about to give up so easily. The first few miles were beautiful. Ten miles in, I started sucking wind. Fifteen miles and my legs felt like they were made of lead. By twenty miles, my lungs were burning and felt like there was nothing left in the tank. That was when I turned around and saw my husband and three children cheering me on in the van behind me. I knew I couldn't quit because I tell my children all the time that just because something is hard doesn't mean that you stop doing it. I had to live what I'd been preaching(说教). That thought got me up that mountain and to the end of the ride.The importance of that ride was apparent after only a week. My eight-year-old daughter Emalee wanted to ride in a twelve-mile charity ride. That day was cold as well. She was the youngest rider. About four miles into the ride, she started feeling cold. The chill(寒冷)was making her muscles cramp a little and she began to struggle. By six miles, she had tears running down her face. It broke my heart to see her suffering like that.I told herthat she didn't have to finish. She said that she wouldn't quit. I told her how I had wanted to quit the week before, but perseverance had gotten me to the end and I knew she could do it, too.The look on her face as she pulled into the finish was priceless. She threw her arms around me and said, “You didn't quit, Mommy, so neither did I.”1. What motivated the author to finish her ride?A. Her family's encouragement.B. Her own instruction for children.C. The beautiful scenery and weather.D. The careful and thorough preparation.2. By describing the conditions Emalee met, the author wanted to________.A. show her guilt for her daughterB. prove that riding is a tough taskC. persuade her daughter to give upD. indicate she was proud of Emalee3. What does the author want to tell us according to the story?A. Never say die.B. Do nothing by halves.C. Children are what the mothers are.D. Every mother's child is handsome.BHoneybees can’t swim, and when their wings are wet, they can’t fly, either. But Chris Roh and other researchers at the California Institute of Technology found that when bees drop into bodies of water, they can use their wings toproduce little waves and slide toward land-like surfers who create and then ride their own waves.As with many scientific advances-IsaacNewton’s apple or Benjamin Franklin’s lightning bolt-Dr. Roh’s experiment began with a walk. Passing Caltech’s Millikan Pond in 2016, he observed a bee on the water’s surface producing waves. He wondered how an insect known for flight could push itself through water.Dr. Roh and his co-worker, Morteza Gharib, used butterfly nets to collect localPasadenahoneybees and observed their surf-like movements. The researchers used a wire to restrict each bee’s bodily movement, allowing close examination of their wings. They found that the bee bends its wings at a 30-degree angle, pulling up water and producing a forward force. Bees get trapped on the surface because water is roughly three times heavier than air. But that weight helps to push the bee forward when its wings move quickly up and down. It’s a tough exercise for the bees, which the researchers guess could handle about 10 minutes of the activity.The researchers said the surf-like movement hasn’t been documented in other insects and most semiaquatic insects use their legs forpropulsion, which is known as water-walking. It may have evolved in bees, they-predicted.Dr. Roh and Dr. Gharib have imagined many practical applications for bees’ surfing. One plan is to use their observations to design robots able to travel across sky and sea. “This could be useful for search and rescues, or for getting samples of the surface of the ocean, if you can’t send a boat or helicopter,” Dr. Gharib said.4. What does the author intend to show by mentioningNewtonandFranklin?A. Roh’s admiration for them.B. Roh’s chance discovery about bees.C. Their outstanding talent for science.D. Their similar achievements in discovery.5. What plays the most vital role in a bee’s moving forward on water?A. The air weight.B. Its leg extension.C. The water movement.D. Its continuous wingbeat.6. What does the underlined word “propulsion” in Paragraph 4 mean?A. Fast flightB. Driving force.C. Pulling speed.D. Explosive power.7. What does the text mainly tell us?A. Honeybees can surf to safety.B. Bees help scientists make inventions.C. Insects can adapt to the environment.D. Nature is a helpful guide for discovery.CIn the U. S., speaking more than one language fluently is not very common except in Los Angeles, California.The city has one of the largest population in the U. S. of young people between the ages of 18 and 34. This generation is often called millennials (新千年一代). More than half of millennials in Los Angeles are bilingual (双语的), which means they speak more than one language.Maria Elena Burgos is cooking a Mexican breakfast. She says making Mexican food is just one of the many traditions in her home. Another is speaking Spanish to her children.“We want them to be bilingual. We want to keep the Spanish somewhere in their learning too, not only at home.”When Ms Burgos first came to the United States from Mexico, she learned English. She knew her children would learn English quickly. So she wanted them to speak Spanish at home and study the language at school.She says being bilingual will give them more opportunities in the future. Knowing Spanish also means the children can talk with their s in Mexico.“When we had our children, one of the decisions we as parents made was to name them with a name that was easily pronounced in English and Spanish.”Elizabeth wants to know her family’s culture.” “The culture-to go back to our roots because that’s part of who we are.”Monica wants to pass on the culture to her children“It’s nice to know our culture and then to be able to pass it onto our children and grand-children and everyone to let them know where we come from.”And, Monica says she does not speak only English and Spanish. She has even learned some Korean in school.8. Which of the following is a tradition of Maria?A. Cooking breakfast for her s.B. Talking with her children in Spanish.C. Talking with her s in Spanish.D. Forcing her children to speak Spanish.9. What can be inferred from Monica’s words?A. She doesn’t care where she comes from.B. She looks forward to learning Spanish.C. Everyone should know his own culture.D. She doesn’t like American culture.10. Which of the following is mentioned about children speaking more languages?A. It can give children more chances in the future.B. It can make children feel proud before their friends.C. It can give the children a chance to go to a good college.D. It can let children go to the places where they want to go.11. What’s the main purpose of this passage?A. To entertain the readers with a funny story.B. To inform the readers of a shocking experiment result.C. To encourage more persons to learn a second language.D. To tell a truth that many people in Los Angeles are bilingual.DImprovements to energy efficiency, such as LED lights, are seen by many authorities as a top priority for cutting carbon emissions. Yet a growing body of research suggests that arebound effect could wipe out more than half of the savings from energy efficiency improvements, making the goals of the Paris Agreement on climate change even harder to hit.A team led by Paul Brockway at the University of Leeds, UK, looked at the existing 33 studies on the impact of the rebound effect. First comes the direct rebound: for instance,when someone buys a more efficient car, they may take advantage of that by driving it further. Then comes the indirect rebound: fuel savings leave the owner with more money to spend elsewhere in the economy, consuming energy.Although the 33 studies used different methods to model the rebound effect, they produced very consistent estimates of its impact, leading the team to conclude that the effect wipes out, on average, 63 percent of the anticipated energy savings.“We're not saying energy efficiency doesn't work. What we're saying is rebound needs to be taken moreseriously,” says Brockway.The idea that increased efficiency may not deliver the hoped­for savingsdates back to the Jevons paradox(悖论), named after the economist William Stanley Jevons, who, in 1865,observed that more efficient coal use led to more demand for coal.If the rebound effect does prove to be as big as suggested, it means future global energy demand will be higher than expected and the world will need far more wind and solar power and carbon­capture technology than is currently being planned for.But that doesn't mean nothing can be done to limit the rebound effect. One answer is to double down on energy efficiency and do twice as much to achieve the same effect.12. Which of the following is a rebound effect?A. A man uses LED lights to cut carbon emissions.B. A company uses coal more efficiently to reduce waste.C. A family saves money by using energy­saving devices.D. A lady spends savings from her fuel efficient car on more clothes.13. How did Paul Brockway's team carry out their research?A. By interviewing economists.B. By analyzing former studies.C. By modeling the rebound effect.D. By debating about the Jevons paradox.14. What would Paul Brockway probably agree with?A. Authorities should dismiss energy efficiency.B. Worldwide efforts to preserve energy are in vain.C. The rebound effect helps protect the environment.D. More attention should be paid to the rebound effect.15. What's the author's attitude towards limiting the rebound effect?A. Positive.B. Pessimistic.C. Doubtful.D. Disapproving.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

山东省日照市五莲县2019-2020学年高三上学期模块诊断性检测数学试题一、单项选择题：本大题共10小题，每小题4分，共40分.在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的.1.已知集合{}|2,0xA y y x -==<，集合12|B x y x ⎧⎫==⎨⎬⎩⎭，则A B ⋂=（ ）A. [)1,+∞B. ()1,+∞C. ()0,+∞D. [)0,+∞ 2.设()()()2i 3i 35i x y +-=++(i 为虚数单位），其中,x y 是实数，则i x y +等于( )A. 5B.C. D. 23.若角α的终边过点(-1,2),则cos2α的值为A.35B. -35C.4.向量a 、b 满足1a =,32a b -=，a 与b 的夹角为60︒，则b =（ ）A. 1B.C.12D. 25.函数()sin xf x e x =的图象在点(0,(0))f 处的切线的倾斜角为A. 0B.4π C. 1D.326.设g (x )的图象是由函数f (x )＝cos2x 的图象向左平移3π个单位得到的，则g (6π)等于( )A. 1B. 12- C. 0 D. －17.等差数列{}n a 中的1a 、4025a 是函数321()4613f x x x x =-+-的极值点，则22013log a =（ ）A. 2B. 3C. 4D. 58.若函数()()()()213f x x x x mx n =++++满足()()fx f x =，则()f x 的最小值为（ ）A. 2-B. 16C. 16-D. 29.已知数列{}{},n n a b 满足1n n n b a a +=+，则“数列{}n a 为等差数列”是“数列{}n b 为等差数列”的 A 充分不必要条件B. 必要不充分条件C. 充分必要条件D. 即不充分也不必要条件10.将函数()4cos 2f x x π⎛⎫=⎪⎝⎭和直线()1g x x =-的所有交点从左到右依次记为1A ，2A ，…，5A ，若P 点坐标为(0,3)，则125...PA PA PA +++=（ ） A. 0B. 2C. 6D. 10二、多项选择题：本大题共3小题，每小题4分，共12分.在每小题给出的四个选项中，有多项符合题目要求的，全部选对得4分，选对但不全的得2分，有选错的得0分.11. 下列命题中，假命题是（ ） A. 2,30x x R -∀∈> B. 00,tan 2x R x ∃∈= C .00,lg 2x R x ∃∈<D. 2*,(2)0x N x ∀∈->12.已知函数()()1lg ,0,,0.x x x f x e x -⎧-<=⎨≥⎩，若()()12f f a +=，则a 的所有可能值为（ ）A. 1B. 1-C. 10D. 10-13.定义平面向量之间的一种运算“”如下：对任意的(),a m n =，(),b p q =，令ab mq np =-.下面说法正确的是（ ） A. 若a 与b 共线，则0ab = B. a b =baC. 对任意的R λ∈，有()()a b a b λλ=D. ()()2222aba b a b +⋅=三、填空題：本大题共4小题，每小题4分，共16分.14.已知向量(1,2),(,2)a b x ==-，且()a a b ⊥-，则实数x 等于_______. 15.等差数列{}n a 的前n 项和是n S ，若125a a +=，349a a +=，则的值为16.已知0,1a a >≠，若函数2()log ()a f x x ax =-在[3,4]是增函数，则a 的取值范围是_______.17.已知奇函数()()2221x x a a f x x R ⋅+-=∈+，则函数()f x 的值域为__________.四、解答题：共82分.解答应写出文字说明，证明过程或演算步骤.18.已知复数()z bi b R =∈，21z i-+是纯虚数，i 是虚数单位.（1）求复数z 的共轭复数z ；（2）若复数()2m z +所表示的点在第二象限，求实数m 的取值范围.19.已知函数()22xxf x k -=+⋅，k ∈R .（1）若函数()f x 满足()()f x f x -=-，求实数k 的值；（2）若对任意的[)0,x ∈+∞，都有()21xf x >成立，求实数k 的取值范围20.已知数列{}n b 是首项为1，公差为2的等差数列，数列{}n a 的前n 项和n n S nb =． (I)求数列{}n a 的通项公式；(II)设1(23)n n n c a b =+, 求数列{}n c 的前n 项和n T ．21.已知()cos22f x x x ωω=，其中（0>ω），若()f x 图象中相邻的两条对称轴间的距离不小于π.（1）求ω的取值范围；（2）在ABC 中，a ，b ，c 分别为角A ，B ，C 的对边，a =2ABCS =.当ω取最大值时，()1f A =，求b ，c 的值.22.已知函数()ln p x x =.（1）函数()()q x px x =-，确定()q x 的单调区间： （2）函数()()()232213f x p x x ax =--，若对于任意的1x ，()21,x ∈+∞，12x x ≠，总有()()121220f x f x x x -+<-，求a 的取值范围. 23.某市为了改善居民的休闲娱乐活动场所，现有一块矩形ABCD 草坪如下图所示，已知：120AB =米，BC =拟在这块草坪内铺设三条小路OE 、EF 和OF ，要求点O 是AB 的中点，点E 在边BC 上，点F 在边AD 时上，且EOF 90∠=.（1）设BOE α∠=，试求OEF ∆的周长l 关于α的函数解析式，并求出此函数的定义域；（2）经核算，三条路每米铺设费用均为300元，试问如何设计才能使铺路的总费用最低？并求出最低总费用.答 案一、单项选择题：本大题共10小题，每小题4分，共40分.在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的.1.已知集合{}|2,0xA y y x -==<，集合12|B x y x ⎧⎫==⎨⎬⎩⎭，则A B ⋂=（ ）A. [)1,+∞B. ()1,+∞C. ()0,+∞D. [)0,+∞ 【答案】B 【解析】 因为，，所以A B ⋂=()1,+∞.故选B.2.设()()()2i 3i 35i x y +-=++(i 为虚数单位），其中,x y 是实数，则i x y +等于( )A. 5B.13 C. 22 D. 2【答案】A 【解析】由()()()2i 3i 35i x y +-=++，得()()632i 35i x x y ++-=++，∴63325x x y +=⎧⎨-=+⎩，解得34x y =-⎧⎨=⎩，∴i 34i 5x y +=-+=．故选A ． 3.若角α的终边过点(-1,2),则cos2α的值为A.35B. -35C.【答案】B 【解析】 【分析】根据三角函数的定义求出cos α后再根据倍角公式求出cos2α即可． 【详解】∵角α的终边过点(-1,2)，∴cosα==，∴223cos 22cos 12(155αα=-=⨯--=-． 故选B ．【点睛】本题考查三角函数的定义和倍角公式，考查对基本知识的理解和对基本公式的掌握情况，属于基础题．4.向量a 、b 满足1a =,3a b -=，a 与b 的夹角为60︒，则b =（ ） A. 1 B.C.12D. 2【答案】C 【解析】 【分析】因为1a =，a 与b 的夹角为60︒，由1cos602a b a b b ︒⋅=⋅=，根据32a b -=，可得23||4a b -=，即可求得答案.【详解】1a =，a 与b 的夹角为60︒∴1cos602a b a b b ︒⋅=⋅=3a b -=∴23||4a b -=可得：22324a ab b -⋅+=∴2312||||cos60||4a b b ︒+-⋅= ∴21||||||04b a b -+= ∴21||02b ⎛⎫-= ⎪⎝⎭故1||2b =故选：C.【点睛】本题主要考查了求向量的模长，解题关键是掌握向量的数量积公式，考查了分析能力和计算能力，属于基础题.5.函数()sin xf x e x =的图象在点(0,(0))f 处的切线的倾斜角为A. 0B.4π C. 1D.32【答案】B 【解析】试题分析：欲判别切线的倾斜角的大小，只须求出其斜率的正负即可，故先利用导数求出在x=4处的导函数值，再结合导数的几何意义即可求出切线的斜率．从而问题解决，根据题意，由于()sin xf x e x =，则可知'(sin cos (sin cos )xxxf x e x e x e x x =+=+），那么可知f ’(0)=1,可知该点的切线的斜率为1，可知倾斜角为4π，选B. 考点：导数研究曲线上某点切线方程点评：本小题主要考查直线的倾斜角、利用导数研究曲线上某点切线方程、三角函数值的符号等基础知识，考查运算求解能力，考查数形结合思想、化归与转化思想．属于基础题 6.设g (x )的图象是由函数f (x )＝cos2x 的图象向左平移3π个单位得到的，则g (6π)等于( ) A. 1 B. 12-C. 0D. －1【答案】D 【解析】 【分析】由条件直接利用左加右减的原则得到g (x )，再代入x=6π求值即可. 【详解】由f (x )＝cos2x 的图象向左平移3π个单位得到的是g (x )＝cos[2（x 3π+）]的图象， 则g (6π)＝cos[2（63ππ+）]=cos π=-1. 故选D ．【点睛】本题主要考查三角函数的平移以及特殊三角函数值，属于基础题． 7.等差数列{}n a 中的1a 、4025a 是函数321()4613f x x x x =-+-的极值点，则22013log a =（ ） A. 2 B. 3C. 4D. 5【答案】A 【解析】试题分析：2()86f x x x -'=+.因为1a 、4025a 是函数321()4613f x x x x =-+-的极值点，所以1a 、4025a 是方程2860x x -+=的两实数根，则140258a a +=.而{}n a 为等差数列，所以140252013828a a a +===，即20134a =，从而22013log 2a =，选A. 考点：8.若函数()()()()213f x x x x mx n =++++满足()()fx f x =，则()f x 的最小值为（ ）A. 2-B. 16C. 16-D. 2【答案】C 【解析】由()()fx f x =，可得()f x 为偶函数，则()()()()()()221313=x x xmx n x x x mx n ++++-+-+-+，求得,m n ，即可求得答案. 【详解】()()f x f x =可得()()f x f x -=-即()()fx f x =-∴()()f x f x -=故()()()()()()221313=x x x mx n x x x mx n ++++-+-+-+∴()()()()22224343x x x mx n x x x mx n ++++=-+-+∴()()()()22223434x x x n mx x x x n mx ⎡⎤⎡⎤⎡⎤⎡⎤++++=+-+-⎣⎦⎣⎦⎣⎦⎣⎦整理可得：()()()()22223344x x n x mx x x n x mx ++++⋅+++⋅()()()()22223344x x n x mx x x n x mx =++-+⋅-++⋅故：()()22340x mx x x n +⋅+⋅+= 即：333440mx mx x xn +++=3(4)(34)0m x m n x +++=，对x ∈R 都成立∴43m n =-⎧⎨=⎩()()()()213f x x x x mx n =++++()()224343x x x x =++-+()()2219x x =--42109x x =-+()225259x =--+()22516x =--【点睛】本题主要考查了根据奇偶性求参数和求函数最值，解题关键是掌握奇偶性定义和求函数最值的方法，考查了分析能力和计算能力，属于中档题.9.已知数列{}{},n n a b 满足1n n n b a a +=+，则“数列{}n a 为等差数列”是“数列{}n b 为等差数列”的 A. 充分不必要条件 B. 必要不充分条件 C. 充分必要条件 D. 即不充分也不必要条件【答案】A 【解析】分析：根据等差数列的定义，“数列{}n a 为等差数列”能推出“数列{}n b 为等差数列”， “数列{}n b 为等差数列”不能推出“数列{}n a 为等差数列”，从而可得结果. 详解：若数列{}n a 是等差数列，设其公差为1d ，则112121()()2n n n n n n n n b b a a a a a a d +++++-=+-+=-=，所以数列{}n b 是等差数列. 若数列{}n b 是等差数列，设其公差为2d ，则112122()()n n n n n n n n b b a a a a a a d +++++-=+-+=-=， 不能推出数列{}n a 是等差数列.所以“数列{}n a 为等差数列”是“数列{}n b 为等差数列”的充分不必要条件，故选A.点睛：判断充要条件应注意：首先弄清条件p 和结论q 分别是什么，然后直接依据定义、定理、性质尝试,p q q p ⇒⇒.对于带有否定性的命题或比较难判断的命题，除借助集合思想化抽象为直观外，还可利用原命题和逆否命题、逆命题和否命题的等价性，转化为判断它的等价命题；对于范围问题也可以转化为包含关系来处理.10.将函数()4cos 2f x x π⎛⎫=⎪⎝⎭和直线()1g x x =-的所有交点从左到右依次记为1A ，2A ，…，5A ，若P 点坐标为(0,3)，则125...PA PA PA +++=（ ） A. 0 B. 2C. 6D. 10【答案】D 【解析】 【分析】由题得1A 和5A ，2A 和4A ，都关于点3A 对称，所以1253...5PA PA PA PA +++=，再求125...PA PA PA +++的值得解.【详解】函数()4cos 2f x x π⎛⎫=⎪⎝⎭与()1g x x =-的所有交点从左往右依次记为1A 、2A 、3A 、4A 和5A ，且1A 和5A ，2A 和4A ，都关于点3A 对称，如图所示；则1253...55(1,3)=53)PA PA PA PA +++==-（，-5， 所以12...10n PA PA PA +++=. 故选D.【点睛】本题主要考查余弦函数的图像，考查函数的图像和性质，考查平面向量的运算和模的计算，意在考查学生对这些知识的理解掌握水平和分析推理能力.二、多项选择题：本大题共3小题，每小题4分，共12分.在每小题给出的四个选项中，有多项符合题目要求的，全部选对得4分，选对但不全的得2分，有选错的得0分.11. 下列命题中，假命题是（ ） A. 2,30x x R -∀∈>B. 00,tan 2x R x ∃∈=C. 00,lg 2x R x ∃∈<D. 2*,(2)0x N x ∀∈->【答案】D 【解析】试题分析：特殊值验证22,(2)0x x =-=，∴2*,(2)0x N x ∀∈->是假命题，故选D ．考点：命题真假的判断12.已知函数()()1lg ,0,,0.x x x f x e x -⎧-<=⎨≥⎩，若()()12f f a +=，则a 的所有可能值为（ ）A. 1B. 1-C. 10D. 10-【答案】AD 【解析】 【分析】利用函数的解析式，通过讨论a 的范围，列出方程求解，即可求得答案. 【详解】()()1lg ,0,,0.x x x f x e x -⎧-<=⎨≥⎩∴()1111f e -==()()12f f a +=∴()1f a =当0a ≥时，由()11f = 可得1a =当0a <，()1f a = 可得()lg 1a -= 解得10a =-∴a 的所有可能值为：1a =或10a =-故选：AD.【点睛】本题解题关键是掌握分段函数定义和对数基础知识，考查了分析能力和计算能力，属于基础题.13.定义平面向量之间的一种运算“”如下：对任意的(),a m n =，(),b p q =，令ab mq np =-.下面说法正确的是（ ） A. 若a 与b 共线，则0ab =B. ab =baC. 对任意的R λ∈，有()()a b ab λλ=D. ()()2222aba b a b +⋅=【答案】ACD 【解析】 【分析】根据新定义(),a m n =，(),b p q =，ab mq np =-.依次代入验证即可求得结果.【详解】若(),a m n =，(),b p q =，共线，则0mq np -=，依运算“”知0ab =，故A 正确；由于ab mq np =-，又ba np mq =-，因此ab b a =-，故B 不正确；对于C ，由于(),a m n λλλ=，因此()a b mq np λλλ=-，又()()ab mq np mq np λλλλ=-=-，故C 正确；对于D ，()()()()22222222222222()aba bm q mnpq n p mp nq m p q n p q +⋅=-+++=+++()()222222=m n p q a b ++=,故D 正确.故选: ACD.【点睛】本题考查新定义向量运算,意在考查分析新定义,推理和证明,难度一般.三、填空題：本大题共4小题，每小题4分，共16分.14.已知向量(1,2),(,2)a b x ==-，且()a a b ⊥-，则实数x 等于_______. 【答案】9 【解析】试题分析：因为a (1,4)b x -=-，由a a b ⊥-得1(1)240x ⨯-+⨯=，解得9.x =故本题正确答案为9. 考点：考查向量的位置关系．15.等差数列{}n a 的前n 项和是n S ，若125a a +=，349a a +=，则的值为【答案】65 【解析】试题分析：根据题意，由于等差数列{}n a 的前n 项和是n S ，若125a a +=，349a a +=，可知公差为2d=4,d=2,首项为1132a +d 5a =2=∴，故可知103109S =1026522⨯⨯+⨯=,故可知答案为65. 考点：等差数列点评：主要是考查了等差数列的前n 项和的运用，属于基础题．16.已知0,1a a >≠，若函数2()log ()a f x x ax =-在[3,4]是增函数，则a 的取值范围是_______.【答案】13a << 【解析】 【分析】x 2﹣ax 的对称轴为x 2a =，由题意可得，当a ＞1时，2a≤3，且 9﹣3a ＞0，求得a 的取值范围；当1＞a ＞0时，2a≥4，且16﹣4a ＞0，求得a 的取值范围，将这两个范围取并集即可． 【详解】x 2﹣ax 的对称轴为x 2a =，由题意可得，当a ＞1时，2a≤3，且 9﹣3a ＞0，∴1＜a ＜3．当1＞a ＞0时2a≥4，且16﹣4a ＞0，故a 无解．综上，1＜a ＜3， 故答案为1＜a ＜3．【点睛】本题考查对数函数的单调性和定义域，体现了分类讨论的数学思想，属于中档题．17.已知奇函数()()2221x x a a f x x R ⋅+-=∈+，则函数()f x 的值域为__________.【答案】()1,1- 【解析】 【分析】因为奇函数()f x 的定义域为R ，可得()00f =．解得1a =，故21()21x x f x ，变形为212()12121x x xf x -==-++，即可求得答案. 【详解】奇函数()f x 的定义域为R ，∴()()f x f x -=-，∴()()00f f -=-，即()00f =． ∴2202a -=，解得1a = 此时21()21x xf x ， 212()12121x x xf x -==-++ 211x +>，∴20221x <<+ 即()f x 的值域为(1,1)- 故答案为：(1,1)-.【点睛】本题主要考查了求函数的值域，解题关键是掌握奇函数性质和常见函数值域的求法，考查了分析能力和计算能力，属于中档题.四、解答题：共82分.解答应写出文字说明，证明过程或演算步骤.18.已知复数()z bi b R =∈，21z i-+是纯虚数，i 是虚数单位. （1）求复数z共轭复数z ；（2）若复数()2m z +所表示的点在第二象限，求实数m 的取值范围. 【答案】（1）2i -；（2）()0,2. 【解析】 【分析】（1）将z bi =代入21z i -+，利用复数的除法法则将复数21z i-+表示为一般形式，由实部为零求出b 的值，可得出复数z ，即可得出复数z 的共轭复数z ；（2）由（1）得出2z i =，利用复数的乘方法则得出()()2244m z m mi +=-+，由该复数所表示的点在第二象限得出24040m m ⎧-<⎨>⎩，从而求出实数m 的取值范围.【详解】（1）()z bi b R =∈，()()()()()()212222221111222bi i b b i z bi b b i i i i i ---++---+∴====++++-， 由于复数21z i -+是纯虚数，则202b -=，2z i ∴=，因此，2z i =-； （2）2z i =，m R ∈，()()()222244m z m i m mi ∴+=+=-+，又复数()2m z +所表示的点在第二象限，则24040m m ⎧-<⎨>⎩，解得02m <<.因此，当()0,2m ∈时，复数()2m z +所表示的点在第二象限.【点睛】本题考查复数的基本概念以及复数的几何意义，解题的关键在于利用复数的四则运算将复数表示为一般形式，确定复数的实部与虚部，利用实部与虚部来求解，考查运算求解能力，属于基础题. 19.已知函数()22xxf x k -=+⋅，k ∈R .（1）若函数()f x 满足()()f x f x -=-，求实数k 的值；（2）若对任意的[)0,x ∈+∞，都有()21xf x >成立，求实数k 的取值范围【答案】（1）1k =-；（2）0k > 【解析】 【分析】（1）因为()22xxf x k -=+⋅是奇函数，所以()()f x f x -=-，k ∈R ,即()2222xx x x k k --+⋅=-+⋅，所以()()21120xk k +++⋅=，即可求得答案；（2）因为均有[)0,x ∈+∞，()21xf x >，所以212x k -<对0x ≥恒成立，所以()2min12x k -<，即可求得答案.【详解】（1）()22x x f x k -=+⋅是奇函数，∴()()f x f x -=-，k ∈R即()2222xx x x k k --+⋅=-+⋅∴()()21120x k k +++⋅=，对一切x ∈R 恒成立， ∴1k =-.（2）均有[)0,x ∈+∞，()21xf x >∴212x k -<对0x ≥恒成立， ∴()2min 12x k -<.22xy =[)0,+∞上单调递增，∴()2min 21x =. ∴0k >.【点睛】本题主要考查了根据奇偶性求参数和根据不等式恒成立求参数范围，解题关键是掌握奇函数性质和根据不等式恒成立求参数范围解法，考查了分析能力和计算能力，属于中档题. 20.已知数列{}n b 是首项为1，公差为2的等差数列，数列{}n a 的前n 项和n n S nb =． (I)求数列{}n a 的通项公式； (II)设1(23)n n n c a b =+, 求数列{}n c 的前n 项和n T ．【答案】（Ⅰ）43n a n =-.（Ⅱ）由（Ⅰ）41n nT n =+． 【解析】试题分析：（Ⅰ）根据.得到．从而通过确定1a ，当2n ≥时,1n n n a S S -=-，验证11a =也适合上式,得到所求通项公式. （Ⅱ）利用“裂项相消法”求和.难度不大，对基础知识的考查较为全面. 试题解析：（Ⅰ）由已知，. 2分所以．从而111;a S ==当2n ≥时,2212[2(1)(1)]43n n n a S S n n n n n -=-=-----=-，又11a =也适合上式,所以43n a n =-. 6分 （Ⅱ）由（Ⅰ）， 8分所以． 12分考点：等差数列的通项公式，裂项相消法.21.已知()cos23sin 2f x x x ωω=，其中（0>ω），若()f x 图象中相邻的两条对称轴间的距离不小于π. （1）求ω的取值范围；（2）在ABC 中，a ，b ，c 分别为角A ，B ，C 的对边，7a =3ABCS =.当ω取最大值时，()1f A =，求b ，c 的值.【答案】（1）10,2ω⎛⎤∈ ⎥⎝⎦；（2）1b =，2c =或2b =，1c =【解析】 【分析】（1）()cos 2322sin 26f x x x x πωωω⎛⎫=+=+⎪⎝⎭，因为()f x 图象中相邻的对称轴间的距离不小于π，2T≥π，即可求得答案； （2）当12ω=时，()2sin 6f x x π⎛⎫=+ ⎪⎝⎭，可得()2sin 16f A A π⎛⎫=+= ⎪⎝⎭，故1sin 62A π⎛⎫+= ⎪⎝⎭，结合已知，即可求得答案.【详解】（1）()cos 2322sin 26f x x x x πωωω⎛⎫==+⎪⎝⎭，()f x 图象中相邻的对称轴间的距离不小于π，2T∴≥π， 2ωπ∴≥π， 10,2ω⎛⎤∴∈ ⎥⎝⎦.（2）当12ω=时，()2sin 6f x x π⎛⎫=+ ⎪⎝⎭，()2sin 16f A A π⎛⎫∴=+= ⎪⎝⎭，1sin 62A π⎛⎫∴+= ⎪⎝⎭，0A π<<，666A ππ7π∴<+<，23A π=.由1sin 2ABCSbc A ==，可得2bc =——① 又222222cos 7a b c bc A b c bc +=+-=+=——② 由①②得：1b =，2c =或2b =，1c =.【点睛】本题主要考查了辅助角公式和余弦定理解三角形，解题关键是灵活使用辅助角公式和余弦定理公式，考查了分析能力和计算能力，属于中档题. 22.已知函数()ln p x x =.（1）函数()()q x p x x =-，确定()q x 的单调区间： （2）函数()()()232213f x p x x ax =--，若对于任意的1x ，()21,x ∈+∞，12x x ≠，总有()()121220f x f x x x -+<-，求a 的取值范围.【答案】（1）在区间()0,1上为增函数，在区间()1,+∞上为减函数；（2）1a ≥ 【解析】【分析】（1）()ln q x x x =-，可得()1x q x x-'=，又0x >，故当()0,1x ∈时，()10xq x x -'=>，()q x 在区间()0,1上为增函数，当()1,x ∈+∞时，()10xq x x-'=<，()q x 在区间()1,+∞上为减函数，即可求得答案；（2）因为12x x ≠，不妨设12x x >，可得()()121220f x f x x x -+<-，故()()112222f x x f x x +<+，设()()2g x f x x =+，则()g x 在()1,+∞单调递减，结合已知，即可求得答案.【详解】（1）()ln q x x x =-，()1xq x x-'∴=，又0x >， ∴当()0,1x ∈时，()10xq x x -'=>，()q x 在区间()0,1上为增函数，当()1,x ∈+∞时，()10xq x x -'=<，()q x 在区间()1,+∞上为减函数， 即()q x 在区间()0,1上为增函数，在区间()1,+∞上为减函数. （2）12x x ≠，不妨设12x x >，()()121220f x f x x x -+<-.()()()121220f x f x x x -+-<∴ ()()112222f x x f x x ∴+<+设()()2g x f x x =+， 则()g x 在()1,+∞单调递减，()0g x '∴≤在()1,+∞恒成立.由已知，()24ln 2f x x x ax '=-，()24ln 22g x x x ax '=-+，()0g x '≤，22ln 1x a x x ∴≥+在()1,+∞恒成立. 令()22ln 1x h x x x=+，则()()32ln 1x x x h x x --'=，令()ln 1F x x x x =--，()ln F x x '=-，∴当()1,x ∈+∞时，()0F x '<，即()F x 在()1,+∞单调递减，且()()10F x F <=，()0h x '∴<在()1,+∞恒成立，()h x ∴在()1,+∞单调递减，且()()11h x h <=， 1a ∴≥.【点睛】本题主要考查了根据导数求单调区间和根据不等式恒成立求参数范围，解题关键是掌握导数求单调区间求法和根据不等式恒成立求参数范围解法，考查了分析能力和计算能力，属于难题.23.某市为了改善居民的休闲娱乐活动场所，现有一块矩形ABCD 草坪如下图所示，已知：120AB =米，603BC =米，拟在这块草坪内铺设三条小路OE 、EF 和OF ，要求点O 是AB 的中点，点E 在边BC 上，点F 在边AD 时上，且EOF 90∠=.（1）设BOE α∠=，试求OEF ∆的周长l 关于α的函数解析式，并求出此函数的定义域；（2）经核算，三条路每米铺设费用均为300元，试问如何设计才能使铺路的总费用最低？并求出最低总费用.【答案】（1）()60cos sin 1cos sin l αααα++=，定义域为,63ππ⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦；（2）当60BE AF ==米时，铺路总费用最低，最低总费用为)3600021元．【解析】【分析】（1）利用勾股定理通过l OE OF EF =++，得出()60cos sin 1cos sin l αααα++=，结合实际情况得出该函数的定义域；（2）设sin cos t αα+=，由题意知，要使得铺路总费用最低，即为求OEF ∆的周长1201l t =-最小，求出t 的取值范围，根据该函数的单调性可得出l 的最小值.【详解】（1）由题意，在Rt BOE ∆中，60OB =，2B π∠=，BOE α∠=，60cos OE α∴=， Rt AOF ∆中，60OA =，2AFO π∠=，60sin OF α∴=，又2EOF π∠=，60cos sin EF αα∴===， 所以606060cos sin cos sin l OE OF EF αααα=++=++，即()60cos sin 1cos sin l αααα++=. 当点F 在点D 时，这时角α最小，求得此时6πα=； 当点E 在C 点时，这时角α最大，求得此时3πα=. 故此函数的定义域为,63ππ⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦； （2）由题意知，要求铺路总费用最低，只需要求OEF ∆的周长l 的最小值即可．由（1）得()60cos sin 1cos sin l αααα++=，,63ππα⎡⎤∈⎢⎥⎣⎦，设sin cos 4t πααα⎛⎫=+=+ ⎪⎝⎭，21sin cos 2t αα-∴⋅=， 则()()260cos sin 16011201cos sin 12t l t t αααα+++===--， 由,63ππα⎡⎤∈⎢⎥⎣⎦，得5712412πππα≤+≤，12t +≤≤1112t ≤-≤，1111t ≤≤-，当4πα=，即当60BE =时，)min 1201l =，答：当60BE AF ==米时，铺路总费用最低，最低总费用为)360001元． 【点睛】本题考查三角函数模型的实际应用，同时也考查了正弦定理、勾股定理的应用，要根据题意构建函数解析式，并利用合适的方法求解，考查分析问题与解决问题的能力，属于中等题.。

山东省日照市五莲县第三中学2019-2020学年学业水平考试模拟地理试题一、选择题1. 一架飞机从上海起飞，如果途中不改变方向，以下叙述正确的是（）A.如果沿经线飞行，最终可以回到上海B.如果沿经线飞行可以经过两个极点C.如果沿纬线飞行可以飞回上海D.无论沿经线还是纬线飞行都不能飞回上海2. 下列四幅图中，同时符合“南半球、西半球、低纬度、有阳光直射现象”的G点是（）A. B. C. D.3. 7月1 日一游客在天安门广场观看升国旗仪式，仪式结束后，该游客的影子偏向：A.正东方B.正西方C.西北方D.西南方4. 小明在旅游时认识了来自澳大利亚的小朋友波比，波比告诉了小明许多地理名称：①大自流盆地、②德干高原、③科罗拉多大峡谷、④大堡礁、⑤维多利亚大沙漠。

小明仔细地地在地图上查找，属于澳大利亚的是：A.①③④B.①②④C.③④⑤D.①④⑤5. 读“南极图”，下列说法正确的是（）A.A为长城站，C是中山站，其中中山站在极圈内，有极昼极夜现象B.E在印度洋沿岸，B在太平洋沿岸C.图中除南极大陆外，另一块大陆是非洲大陆D.站在南极上，四面八方都是朝南6. 陈毅同志赠友人诗句“…山山皆向北，条条南流水”，描述的是什么地方的山河特点？（）A.印度半岛B.俄罗斯C.马来群岛D.中南半岛7. 读“巴西简图”。

对巴西的叙述，正确的一项是（）A.B河是亚马孙河，该河流域内分布着世界上面积最大的热带雨林B.巴西高原是世界上面积最大、地势最高的大高原C.绝大部分地区在热带，热带经济作物产量常为世界第一位D.巴西人口绝大多数都分布在北部的平原地区8. 某采购员采购的商品与其产地对应正确的是（）A.大米-丙甘蔗--甲甜菜--乙花生-丁B.大米-甲甘蔗--乙甜菜--丙花生-丁C.大米-乙甘蔗--甲甜菜--丙花生-丁D.大米--甲甘蔗--丙甜菜--乙花生-丁9. 某企业家计划投资建设一个大型柑橘种植园，你认为他考虑的地区中，较适宜的是A.①③⑥B.①②③C.②④⑤D.④⑤⑥10. 秦岭—淮河一线大致同哪些界线相一致（）①1月0℃等温线②400毫米年等降水量线③800毫米年等降水量线④热带与亚热带的分界线⑤季风区与非季风区的分界线⑥湿润区与半湿润区的分界线A.①②③B.②④⑥C.①③⑥D.①④⑤11. 台湾从60年代以来，其经济发展特点是（）A.农业和农产品加工业为主B.钢铁、机械重工业为主C.进口─加工─出口型经济D.纺织食品轻工业为主12. 我国从2016年起，全面实施一对夫妻可生育两个孩子的政策。

2019-2020学年山东省五莲县第三中学高三英语模拟试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AThis is a list of places to spend the 2020 Olympics if you aren't going to Japan.AustraliaThe fact that the summer Olympics fall during Australia's winter season is worth keeping in mind for two reasons: it makes traveling there cheaper, and it's still not too cold. As far as the Olympics are concerned, there will be no shortage of opportunities to watch the Games in between your various explorations of the country and its limitless activities.ThailandThailand is a breathtaking place 10 spend some time during any summer, and provides a perfect setting for Olympie viewing: You can go scuba diving one morning before watching sports all afternoon, or simply duck out for world-famous street food in between events. But Thai sports fans may also be taking extra interest in the Olympics these days.United StatesThe U.S. is likely to be as interested in the Olympics as any other nation, given is collection of athletes who will be taking center stage. You can rest assured it won't be difficult to watch the Games no matter where you're visiting specifically. This leaves you with all sorts of fun options. You can visit a luxury ski resort town like Aspen, which turns into a gorgeous hiking destination in the summer.Great BritainNot unlike the U, s. Britain will make for a fun place to spend the 2020 Olympics because there's a great deal of national interest in a number of different sports, and the local athletes are expected to be competitive. Summer can also be a good time to be in Britain in general," with ly mild temperatures allowing for full exploration of the country. That means you can stay in the beautiful Lake District if you like, hiking or kayaking when you're not watching the Games.1.What is special about Australia as a destination in an Olympic summer?A.Its season.B.Its activities.C.Its sports.D.Its scenery,2.Which country can you go to if you are a street food lover?A.Australia.B.Thailand.C.United States.D.Great Britain.3.What do the U. S. and Britain have in common as fun places to spend the 2020 Olympics?A.They both have a pleasant temperature.B.They are both interested in the Games.CThey both own lots of sports centers. D.They are both English-speaking countries.BA trip to thelibrary was like a great journey to a different country. To get there, we had to walk a mile. But our weekly journeys to the library were a piece of perfection. I had around me at one time all the people I loved best-my father and mother and brothers and sister--and all the things I loved best- quiet, space and books.I read a lot of books about science: not the spaceships my brothers preferred, but the birds and the bees--literally. I brought home a book of birds and searched the trees for anything other than robins (知更鸟). I went through a phrase of loving books with practical science experiments and used up a whole bottle of white vinegar by pouring it on the sides of our apartment building to prove that it was constructed of limestone (石灰石).One Saturday, as I wandered through the young adult section, I saw a title: Little Women, by Lousia May Alcott. I had learned from experience that titles weren’t everything. A book that sounded great on the shelf could be dull once you got it home. So I sat in a chair near the shelves to skim the first paragraphs.I read and read and read Little Women until it was time to walk home, and, except for a few essential interruptions like sleeping and eating, I did not put it down until the end. Even the freedom to watch weekend television held no appeal for me in the wake of Alcott' s story. It was about girls, for one thing, girls who could almost be like me, especially Jo. I had found someone who thought and felt the way I did.4. What can we say about the author’s family?A. They enjoyed traveling abroad.B. They were library frequenters.C. They were very fond of walking.D. They led a perfectly quiet life.5. What does the author mainly want to show in paragraph 2?A. Her different hobbies from her brothers.B. How she conducted science experiments.C. Why she loved books about the birds and the bees.D. Her reading interests during a particular period of time.6. What opinion does the author hold on books?A. Book titles can sometimes be misleading.B. Science books are as interesting as novels.C. The first few paragraphs of a book are attractive.D. Books seem duller when read in libraries than at home.7. How would the author describe Little Women?A. It helped her to discover her true character.B. It made her forget about food and sleep.C. It inspired confidence in her.D. It kept her absorbed.CLarry was on another of his underwater expeditions(探险)but this time, it was different. He decided to take his daughter along with him. She was only ten years old. This would be her first trip with her father on what he had always been famous for.Larry first began diving when he was his daughter’s age. Similarly, his father had taken him along on one of his expeditions. Since then, he had never looked back. Larry started out by renting diving suits from the small diving shop just along the shore. He had hated them. They were either too big or too small. Then, there was the instructor. He gave him a short lesson before allowing him into the water with his father. He had made an exception. Larry would never have been able to go down without at least five hours of theory and another similar number of hours on practical lessons with a guide. Children of his age were not even allowed to dive.After the first expedition, Larry’s later diving adventures only got better and better. There was never a dull moment. In his black and blue suit and with an oxygen tank fastened on his back, Larry dived from boats into the middle of the ocean. Dangerous areas did not prevent him from continuing his search. Sometimes, he was limited to a cage underwater but that did not bother him. At least, he was still able to take photographs of the underwater creatures.Larry’s first expedition without his father was in the Cayman Islands. There were numerous diving spots in the area and Larry was determined to visit all of them .Fortunately for him, a man offered to take him around the different spots for rry didn’t even know what the time was, how many spots he dived into or how many photographs he had taken.The diving spots afforded such a wide range of fish and sea creatures that Larry saw more than thirty varieties of creatures.Larry looked at his daughter. She looked as excited as he had been when he was her age. He hoped she wouldbe able to continue the family tradition. Already, she looked like she was much braver than had been then. This was the key to a successful underwater expedition.8. In what way was this expedition different for Larry?A. His daughter had grown up.B. He had become a famous diver.C. His father would dive with him.D. His daughter would dive with him.9. What can be inferred from Paragraph 2?A. Larry had some special right.B. Larry liked the rented diving suits.C. Divers had to buy diving equipment.D. Ten-year-old children were permitted to dive.10. What can be learned from the underlined sentence?A. Larry didn’t wear a watch.B. Larry was not good at math.C. Larry had a poor memory.D. Larry enjoyed the adventure.11. What did Larry expect his daughter to do?A. Become a successful diver.B. Make a good diving guide.C. Take a lot of photo underwater.D. Have longer hours of training.DImagine that youare a superhero. Your superpowers are activated by a special suit. The suit communicates with your brain. It allows you to do amazing things with only a thought. By concentrating on strength, for example, you can kick a soccer ball across a field. By focusing on swift actions, you can jump to the top of a tree.Such a connection between mind and machine may sound like a fantasy. To scientists, though, it is a very real goal. They are creating machines that let disabled monkeys walk. These machines may soon help disabled humans do the same. Unlike other bionic devices, these robotic “super suits” do not communicate with muscles and nerves. Instead, they have a direct line to the brain.In 2005, doctors drilled a hole in the skull of Hutchinson, who had lost her right arm in an accident. Then they inserted a sensor onto her motor cortex (大脑皮层运动区). Wires connected the sensor to a receiver on her head. After she recovered, researchers pluggedHutchinson’s receiver into a cable that relayed signals from her brain to computers. Then they connected a robotic arm to the computers. The computerscould interpretHutchinson’s brain signals to move the arm.Soon,Hutchinson, the computer, and the robotic arm became a team.Hutchinsonwas even able to lift herhand and drink from a cup. “She smiled when she put down that drink—that’s everything.” says Donoghue, a brain scientist.Today other scientists are building on that success. One of those scientists is Dr. Miguel Nicolelis, who designed a whole-body bionic equipment. In 2014, a disabled former athlete kicked the first ball of the World Cup Games wearing one of Miguel’s full-body exoskeletons.The exoskeleton was connected to brain signal sensors in the man’s cap. By thinking about kicking, he sent signals to a computer on his back. The computer then translated the signal into an exoskeleton-aided kick. Such designs may become common as scientists keep merging mind and machine.12.Which can best describe the tone of paragraph 1?A. Narrative and serious.B. Persuasive and critical.C. Informative and objective.D. Descriptive and imaginative.13. What is paragraph 3 mainly about?A. Reason of the experiment.B. Results of the experiment.C. Process of the experiment.D. Significance of the experiment.14. Why is Dr. Miguel’s exoskeleton special?A. It can be used on animals.B. It can move the whole body.C. It was supported by computers.D. It was connected directly to the brain.15. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A. Robotic suits may be widely used to help disabled people.B. Exoskeleton is more common thanHutchinson’s bionic arm.C.Scientific experiments are commonly carried out in football fields.D. Disabled athletes can now play football again with the help of computer.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019-2020学年山东省五莲县第三中学高三语文第三次联考试卷及答案一、现代文阅读（36分）(一)现代文阅读I(9分)阅读下面的文字，完成下面小题。

材料一：直播带货过程中，由于技术、文化等多因素的介入，消费者的主体性正在被重塑。

电商直播的消费玚域通过引导消费者的趋同心理，建构消费认同，影响消费者的个体选择。

2020年，中国消费小康指数调查显示，近三成受访者表示其消费行为受主播影响。

在直播过程中，主播通常扮演的是具有一定声誉和信任度的“意见领袖”角色，通过特定的称谓和互动方式，将消费者从被赋杈的主体变为自己或者品牌的“粉丝”。

而“粉丝”型消费者在主播的引导下，或在群体效应的冲动下，让渡了自己的审美个性、消费习惯和决策意识，成为单向度的消费者。

目前我国的消费结构正在转型，人们的消费观念由单纯重视商品的物质性效用转向注重商品的精神性效用，消费模式随之从生存型消费转向享受型、发展型消费。

消费已经不单单是人们用来满足基本生存需要的功能性活动，它已逐渐成为人们表达和实践某种趣味、格调、信念、价值的文化性活动。

直播带货的火爆背后正是基于消费结构的转型特点，大兴消费主义文化以拉动消费者的非必需消费。

移动互联网技术打破了虚拟世界与现实世界的边界，先进的视听技术加快了视频化生存时代的到来，算法技术将趣缘群体引入直播间，技术赋能使电商直播实现了全景式传播。

直播的算法技术基于用户的社交圈层与历史浏览数据等信息对用户进行个性化标签分类，通过过滤气泡过滤掉用户不感兴趣的主播及直播。

表面上看，算法技术是通过挖掘用户个人喜好进行个性化推送，但用户长期被大量同质化商品或同类商品的直播包围，被迫强化了对某类产品的认同，消费行为受到技术及资本的隐性控制。

在直播带货的强劲生长势头之下，直播行业面临缺乏监管带来的诸多乱象。

面对市场多元化的需求，主播群体无法对各类商品进行细致了解和试用，随着直播带货频频“翻车”，其背后的问题不容忽视。

“爆款”变“劣品”、“代购名品”变“山塞高仿”等现象屡见不鲜，甚至还存在“三无产品”，商品质量问题又连带无人售后或售后不力等问题。