英语语法第四课时
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初三英语语法知识教案设计一、教学目标1.让学生掌握一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时和一般过去进行时的基本概念和用法。
2.培养学生运用各种时态进行句子编写和问答的能力。
3.提高学生对英语语法的兴趣,增强语法知识的应用意识。
二、教学内容1.一般现在时2.一般过去时3.一般将来时4.一般过去进行时三、教学重点与难点1.重点:掌握四种时态的基本概念和用法。
2.难点:一般过去进行时的用法和区分一般现在时与一般过去时。
四、教学过程第一课时:一般现在时1.导入利用图片或实物导入,如展示一个苹果,问学生:“Whatisthis?”引导学生回答:“Thisisanapple.”接着问:“Isthisanapple?”引导学生回答:“Yes,itis.”从而引出一般现在时的概念。
2.讲解介绍一般现在时的构成:主语+动词原形/三单形式。
通过例句展示一般现在时的用法,如:“Igotoschoolbuseveryday.”“Heplaysfootballonweekends.”3.练习让学生用一般现在时编写句子,如:“Ilikeapples.”“Shehasacat.”分组进行问答练习,如:“Doyoulikebananas?”“Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.”4.小结第二课时:一般过去时1.导入利用图片或故事导入,如讲述一个关于昨天发生的故事,引导学生用一般过去时描述故事中的动作。
2.讲解介绍一般过去时的构成:主语+动词过去式。
通过例句展示一般过去时的用法,如:“Ivisitedmygrandparentsyesterday.”“Shewatchedamovielastnight.”3.练习让学生用一般过去时编写句子,如:“IvisitedtheGreatWalllastweek.”“Heplayedbasketballyesterday.”分组进行问答练习,如:“Didyougototheparkyesterday?”“Yes,Idid./No,Ididn't.”4.小结第三课时:一般将来时1.导入利用图片或情境导入,如展示一幅未来的图片,引导学生用一般将来时描述未来的计划。
第四课时形容词和副词形容词和副词是中考的必考点,主要以“用括号中所给词的正确形式填空”的形式考查考生。
考查重点主要分布在:①形容词和副词的转换①常见形容词固定搭配①形容词和副词的比较等级①同源副词的词义辨析2.名词、动词转化为形容词的后缀饰人;以-ing结尾的形容词多表示主语所具有的特征,意为“令……的”,通常修饰物或事。
3.形容词转化为副词He made a very interesting speech last week.他上周做了一次非常有趣的演讲。
Listen to me carefully, please.请认真听我说。
1.My grandparents live (peace) in the countryside and they like the life there.【答案】peacefully此处用副词修饰谓语动词live,先把名词peace变为形容词peaceful, 再在其后加-ly构成副词peacefully。
2.At present, smart mobile phones are (wide) used in our daily lives.【答案】widely此处用副词修饰动词used,表示“广泛地”。
故填widely。
3.Douyin, which is (sudden) everywhere on the Internet, is making its way into our lives.【答案】suddenly此处用副词作状语,表示“抖音突然间在网络上随处可见”。
4.It’s (high) possible that humans have to move to Mars in the future.【答案】highly句意:很有可能人类在将来不得不搬往火星。
此处应用副词修饰形容词possible。
highly很,非常。
5.Once a week my business suit is (smooth) ironed.【答案】smoothly此处应用副词修饰动词ironed,故填smoothly,表示“平整地”。
Unit 6 When was it invented?(第4课时)教学设计一. 教材分析Unit 6 “When was it invented?” 是人教版PEP小学英语六年级上册的一单元,主题是询问发明物的发明时间。
本节课主要教授一般过去时的疑问句和回答,以及与发明物相关的词汇。
教材通过介绍各种发明物的发明时间,激发学生对科学的兴趣和好奇心。
二. 学情分析六年级的学生已经掌握了基本的英语语法和词汇,具备一定的听、说、读、写能力。
他们对新鲜事物充满好奇,善于模仿和探究。
在信息技术方面,学生已经掌握了基本的网络搜索能力和多媒体应用能力,可以利用网络资源进行自主学习。
三. 教学目标1.知识目标:学生能够听懂、会说、会读本节课的主要词汇和句型,了解一般过去时的疑问句和回答。
2.能力目标:学生能够在真实情境中运用所学知识进行交流,提高口语表达能力。
3.情感目标:学生对科学发明产生兴趣,培养创新精神和团队合作意识。
四. 教学重难点1.重点:学生能够正确运用一般过去时的疑问句和回答,以及本节课的主要词汇。
2.难点:学生能够在实际情境中灵活运用一般过去时,询问和描述发明物的时间。
五. 教学方法1.情境教学法:通过设定各种情境,让学生在实际环境中运用英语进行交流。
2.任务型教学法:学生分组完成各种任务,培养团队合作精神和创新能力。
3.信息技术辅助教学:利用多媒体课件、网络资源等手段,提高教学效果。
六. 教学准备1.教学课件:制作课件,包括本节课的主要词汇、句型和发明物介绍。
2.网络资源:收集与发明物相关的图片、视频等资料。
3.练习题:准备相关的练习题,用于巩固所学知识。
七. 教学过程1.导入(5分钟)利用网络资源展示各种发明物的图片,引导学生谈论这些发明物。
例如:“Do you like these inventions? Why?” 让学生自由回答,激发他们对本节课的兴趣。
2.呈现(10分钟)教师展示本节课的主要词汇和句型,如:“What was it invented?” “It was invented in…” 让学生跟读并模仿。
Module 4 语法1.用所给词的适当形式填空1.Most of the waste metal can (put) to use again.2.Electricity(discover) two thousand years ago.3.This part of the seabed(explore) many times.4.Much useful information about these planets(collect) since 1971.5.Outer space(not explore) by people before 1957.6.Much parking space in cities(save) by using small cars.7.The first railway in the world(design) in the last century.puter science(teach) now almost in all universities and institutes.9.Five units of this textbook(study) by the end of last month.10.In this school English(teach) through TV.答案1. be put2. was2. weis discovered3. has been explored4. has been collected5. hadn,t been explored6.will be saved/has been saved/is saved7.was designed 8. is being taught9.had been studied 1(). is taught/is being taught n.将下列句子改为被动句1.In the late 1970s, the students revived the tradition.2.Today, people in Venice celebrate carnival for five days in February.3.The government will build more roads to solve the problem of traffic jams.4.The government has taken active measures to protect the rare animals.5.People were hunting the wolves everywhere last year.答案1.In the late 1970s, the tradition was revived by the students.2.Today, carnival is celebrated by people in Venice for five days in February.3.More roads will be built to solve the problem of traffic jams by the government.4.Active measures have been taken by the government to protect the rare animals.5.The wolves were being hunted everywhere last year.III.单句改错1.The window hasn' t cleaned for weeks.2.Good medicine is tasted bitter.3.If I invited, I wi11 surely go to his birthday party.4.I was always made work overtime.5.Your handwriting should be paid special attention.答案1. hasn't 后加been2. is tasted-*tastes3.第一个I后加am4. made后加to5.句末加上toIV.用括号中单词的适当时态和语态填空I don't know what it is. No matter 1. I go to a post office and no matter where the post office is, I always find2. (me) standing in line behind someone who has a lot of business to do.One day, I had to buy a couple of stamps, but I had to wait behind an old lady who spent fifteen minutes 3. (finish)a form that a child could do in one minute.4.(feel) that I could not stand5. (wait) in such a line any longer, [decided to join another one. It seemed twice as6.as the first 1 ine. but at least it was moving. It turned out to be the worst choice I had ever made. As soon as I7.(lose)my place in the first line, the one I joined s 1 owed to a stop. I had no choice 8. to wait behind a schoolboy who was spending half 9. hour choosing anow set of postcards. At last it was my turn. I nearly jumped for joy. Then the clerk behind the counter, a middle-aged fat guy, stood up, pushed forward a printed sign saying M Position Closed” and 10.(say) without a smile, “Sorry, going to lunch. M答案1.when2. myself3. finishing4. Feeling5.waiting6. long7. had lost8. but9. an 10. saidV.完形填空Three years ago I went on a book tour for The Energy Bus. I drove thousands of miles and j_ 30 cities. My wife and kids 2 me for part of the trip. But I also spent many days driving 3 .At one point on the journey I looked in the rearview mirror (后视镜).Then I 4 I had all the things on my bus that I didn't need. "Why did I travel with all these bags of 5 things for so long? ” I wondered.I believe we all can say the same about our life 6 . We hold on to bags that 7 weigh us down. For some they are the bags of 8. For others, they are the bags of distrust, self-doubt, mistakes, fear, 9 and pain. We are often imprisoned (束缚)by our W thoughts and emotional baggage. They affect our work, our life and our relationships.lust 11 I looked in the rearview mirror of my bus» you can look in the rearview mirror of your 12 and know which bags need to be]3. Then you can do what I did. I didn't want to drive with heavy bags. I wanted to j 4 I ight. So I put the bags j 5 the bus. You can do the same. As author Max Lucado says, “You canthrow away the burdens youwere never meant to 16.”I remember the j 7 when I throw the bags away from my bus. Iwassomewhere past Phoenixdri vingthrough the desert. I found a big trash can and put the bags where they 18 . I got back in the bus with the past behind me and aroad J 9 daylight ahead. Abigsmile came upon my face. Iwasnow free to 20 the ride.I hopeyou*11 do the same.1. A. developedB.movedC. walkedD. visited2. A. wantedB.joinedC.surprisedI),we 1 corned3. A. aloneB.happilyC. ti red1y 1). si lent 1y4. A. admitted B. toldC. explained I). realized5. A. strange B. uselessC. expensiveD. ugly6. A. acti vi ty B. dreamC. changeD. journey7. A. on 1 y B. sometimesC. hardlyD. never8. A. happiness B. hopeC. pastD. future9. A. excitement B. confidenceC. joy 1). anger10. A. noi'mal B. negativeC. interesting I), great11. A. as B. whenC. howD. where12. A.story B. workC. lifeD. car13. A.thought of B. looked afterC. cared forD. left behind14. A.travel B. wonderC. flyD. breathe15. A. in B. offC. aboveD. under16. A. touch B. spreadC. carryD. forget17. A. result B. causeC. chance 1).moment18. A. belonged B. rolledC. di sappearedD. burnt19. A. lack of B. short ofC. instead ofD. full of20. consider B. enjoyC. watchD. remember答案与解析1.D逻辑推理题。
新目标英语七年级下册第十二单元第四课时教案学习目标学习目标随着社会的不断发展和进步,学习英语已经成为我们不可忽视的重要问题之一。
新目标英语七年级下册第十二单元第四课时教案-学习目标,是为了帮助学生更加有效地掌握英语知识和技能,使他们能够应对各种场合的英语交流。
一、学习目标新目标英语七年级下册第十二单元第四课时教案,主要包括以下几个学习目标:1.了解课文内容通过阅读课文并回答问题,学生可以更好地理解课文的内容和语法结构,进一步提高英语阅读能力。
2.学习新词汇通过学习课文中的生词和常用词组,学生可以丰富自己的词汇量,并掌握正确的用词方法。
3.理解语法结构通过分析课文中的语法结构,学生可以更好地理解英语语法的基本规律和用法,进一步提高英语口语和写作能力。
4.进行口语表达通过读课文、讲解题目和进行交流讨论,学生可以更加自信地进行英语口语表达,提高自身的语言能力。
5.练习听力通过听录音、听同学口语表达和课堂讲解,学生可以更加有效地练习英语听力,进一步培养听说读写综合能力。
二、课堂教学方法为了使学生更加轻松地学习英语,新目标英语七年级下册第十二单元第四课时教案-学习目标,采用了以下几种课堂教学方法:1.小组讨论教师可以将学生分成小组,由组内成员讨论指定话题,并从不同角度进行讨论和分析,以此提高学生口语表达能力。
2.课前预习在每节课前,教师可以让学生提前预习课文,并针对课文中的难点和疑问进行课堂讲解和答疑,以此提高学生学习的效率和兴趣。
3.多媒体辅助教学教师可以使用多媒体工具,如投影仪、电脑、录音机等,对教材中的内容进行呈现、讲解和演示,以此促进学生对英语知识和技能的全面掌握。
4.课上练习教师可以在课上组织学生进行练习,如听力练习、口语练习、阅读理解和写作练习等,以此提高学生对英语知识和技能的综合运用能力。
三、课后巩固在每节课结束后,教师可以适当布置一些课后作业,如阅读、翻译、写作、口语表达和听力练习等,以此巩固和强化学生对课程内容的掌握。
初中英语语法知识归纳总结(通用)第一课时名词一、概述1、名词的属性:表示人或事物的名称抽象概念的词叫名词。
2、名词分普通名词和专有名词。
普通名词是表示某一类人或事物,或某种物体或抽象概念的名称。
如:teacher, desks, plates, milk, box等,专有名词表示某一特定的人、事物、地方团体、党派、国家机关、语言、节日等专用的名称。
(运用)如:China, Chinese, Saturday, June, Green, Beijing, Olympic等。
(专有名词的第一个字母要大写)二、可数名词与不可数名词1、可数名词是指表示人或事物,可以用数来计量的名词,有单复数之分。
如:glass-----glasses; book---- books2、不可数名词是指所表示的事物不能用数来计量。
如:paper, rice, water , milk, tea等。
3、有些名词在特定情况下由不可数变为可数名词。
Light travels faster than sound; (light:光线,不可数)The lights are on. (light:灯,可数)4、不可数名词的量的表示不可数名词一般无法用数来计算,前面不能用a或an或数词来表示数量,它的量往往借助于容器来表示。
如:a glass of milk ------ four glasses of milka piece of paper ------ two pieces of papera bag of rice ------ three bags of rice三、可数名词的复数形式(识记、运用)1、可数名词在应用时有单复数之分,单数变复数有规则变化和不规则变化两种。
规则变化情况变化形式例词一般情况加-s girls; books;以s,x,ch,sh结尾的名词加-es classes; boxes; watches;brushes以辅音字母加y结尾的名词变y为i, 加es city---cities; baby---babies以f或fe结尾的名词变f,fe为v, 加es knife---knives; leaf---leaves以O结尾的名词potatoes; tomatoes;photos; kilos; bamboos; radios2、少数名词有不规则的变化形式policeman---policemen; man---men; woman---women;tooth---teeth; foot---feet; sheep---sheep; deer---deer;Japanese--- Japanese; Chinese --- Chinese; fish --- fish四、名词所有格(运用)名词的所有格是表示所有关系的形式,它也有构成上的变化。
英语语法教学课程设计案例一、课程目标知识目标:1. 学生能够理解和掌握英语一般现在时、一般过去时和一般将来时的基本用法。
2. 学生能够正确运用频率副词和时间段表达动作发生的频率和时间。
3. 学生能够区分和运用肯定句、否定句、疑问句和祈使句。
技能目标:1. 学生能够通过观察、分析和归纳,发现语法规则,并在实际情境中灵活运用。
2. 学生能够在口语交流中运用所学时态进行描述和表达。
3. 学生能够在写作中正确运用不同的句型,使文章结构丰富多样。
情感态度价值观目标:1. 学生对英语语法学习产生兴趣,形成积极的学习态度。
2. 学生在小组合作中学会倾听、尊重他人意见,培养合作精神。
3. 学生通过学习英语语法,增强跨文化交际意识,尊重不同文化。
课程性质:本课程为英语语法教学,旨在帮助学生在实际语境中掌握语法知识,提高语言运用能力。
学生特点:六年级学生已具备一定的英语基础,对语法知识有一定的了解,但需要进一步巩固和拓展。
教学要求:教师应结合课本内容,设计丰富多样的教学活动,引导学生积极参与,注重培养学生的语法意识和实际运用能力。
在教学过程中,关注学生的个体差异,给予个性化指导,确保课程目标的实现。
通过本课程的学习,使学生在知识、技能和情感态度价值观方面取得具体的学习成果。
二、教学内容本课程依据课程目标,结合课本内容,组织以下教学要点:1. 时态教学:- 一般现在时:描述习惯性动作、普遍真理和状态。
- 一般过去时:描述过去发生的动作或事件。
- 一般将来时:表达将来计划、意图或预测。
2. 句型教学:- 肯定句、否定句的构成和用法。
- 疑问句的构成及回答。
- 祈使句的结构和功能。
3. 时间表达:- 频率副词的使用:always, usually, often, sometimes, never等。
- 时间段的表达:in the morning, at night, every day等。
4. 语法规则:- 动词第三人称单数形式的变化规则。
第四课时:基本语法(四)一致原则:主谓一致,代词与先行词一致,人称代词与先行词一致主谓一致指的是谓语动词在人称和数上必须与主语保持一致。
处理主谓一致问题,可依据三项原则:语法上一致、意义上一致和就近一致。
根据这些原则,总结如下:一.谓语动词用单数(1)以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时,谓语动词一般要用单数动词。
例如:To work hard is necessary.努力工作是必要的。
Reading without comprehension is no good.只读不理解是不好的。
It pays to work hard. 天道酬勤。
(2)事件、国家、机构名称、书刊及其他作品的名称(专有名词)用作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
例如:The United States was formed in 1776.美国于1776年成立。
The New York Times still has a wide circulation.纽约时报发行量仍然很大。
Roots is a novel about a black family.《根》是一部关于(美国)黑人家庭的小说。
(3)表示时间、距离、金额、重量、面积、体积、容积等度量的名词短语做主语时,谓语用单数。
例如:Two weeks was too long.两周太长了。
Ten dollars is a small sum.十美元是个小数目。
Five times five makes twenty five.五乘以五是二十五。
One and a half bananas is left on the table.一只半香蕉留在桌子上。
4)表示学科和某些疾病名称的名词是复数形式,作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
例如:Linguistics is a branch of study on human language.语言学是人类语言中的一个分枝。
(5)有些名词形式是复数,意义为单数,作主语时,要求单数动词。
例如:The chaos was stopped by the police.混乱被警察阻止了。
The news is a great encouragement to us.这新闻对我们来说是一个很大的鼓舞。
Her present whereabouts is still unknown.她目前的行踪仍然不明。
(6)主语是单数时,尽管后面跟as well as (以及),no less than (不少于……,多达),rather than(而不是),more than(不止是,超过),but(除了),except(除……外),besides( 加之,还有),with(和……一起,和……一块儿),along with(跟……一起),accompanied by ( 由……陪同),combined with(加上),in addition to(除……以外),including(包括),together with(与……一起)等,谓语动词仍用单数形式。
(7)某些不定代词,如:either,neither,each,one,other,another,anybody,anyone, anything,somebody,someone,something,everybody,everyone,everything,nobody,no one,nothing 等,当他们作主语时,其谓语动词通常用单数形式。
例如:Each of the boys has an apple.每个孩子都有苹果。
Somebody is using the phone.有人正在用电话。
Everything around us is matter.我们周围一切都是物质。
但是口语中当either或neither后+of+复数名词(或代词)作定语时,其谓语动词也可用复数。
例如:Is (Are)either of the boys ready?两个男孩都准备好了吗?Neither of the novels is (are)interesting.哪一本小说都没意思。
(8)集合名词作主语表示整体概念时,动词用单数谓语形式。
例如:The government is made up of senior members of the four main right wing parties.这届政府由四个主要右翼党的高级官员组成。
His family is not very large.他的家庭并不太大。
The staff of our school is opposed to the drastic changes in the system of education.我们学校的教员都反对教育体制的激烈改革。
The crowd was deeply stirred by his speech.他的演说深深地打动了听众。
(9)一般用and连接的两个单词或短语做主语时候,谓语用复数,用and 连接的成份表示一个单一概念时候,动词谓语用单数形式法制law and order 肥皂水soap and water茶杯碟子a cup and saucer 刀叉fork and knife针线the needle and thread 反复尝试,不断摸索trial and error马车horse and carriage 岁月time and tide奶油面包bread and butter 盛衰,潮涨潮落the ebb and flowEg.Bread and butter is our daily food Time and tide waits for no man(10)用and连接的并列成分前面有each,every,many a,no等词修饰时,意义为单数,动词也相应地用单数形式。
例如:In China,every boy and girl has the right to compulsory education.在中国每个儿童都有权利接受义务教育。
Each man and woman who takes the TOEFL is supposed to get the score report in five weeks.参加托福考试的每个人都能在五个星期内收到成绩通知单。
Many a student and teacher has seen the film.不少老师和学生都看过这部影片。
(11) none(of+名词或代词)在正式文体中被看做单数,谓语动词用单数,但非正式文体中也可以用复数。
例如:None of us seem to have thought of it.我们中似乎没有人想到它。
“Is there any letter for me?”“Sorry,there’s none.”“有我的信吗”?“对不起,没有。
”None of the drivers has (have) turned up.一个司机都没有来。
二.谓语动词用复数(1)用and,both...and连接的并列主语,或在both,(a)few,many,several等修饰语后面谓语动词通常用复数形式。
例如:Plastics and rubber never rot.塑料和橡胶永不生锈。
He and I were classmates when we were at college.他和我大学时曾是同班同学。
Both of these novels are interesting.这两部小说都有意思。
Few people know it.几乎无人知道。
(2)集体名词people,police,public,militia,cattle,class,youth等,常用复数形式的谓语动词。
例如:The Chinese people are brave and hardworking.中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。
Most police wear uniforms.绝大多数警察穿制服。
The cattle are grazing in the sunshine.一群牛在阳光下吃草。
(3)当表示民族的词与冠词合用充当主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。
例如:The Japanese were once very aggressive.日本人曾是很具有侵略性的。
The English are more conservative and less talkative than the Americans.英国人比美国人保守且不爱说话。
(4)某些形容词前面加定冠词表示一类人。
作主语时,谓语动词用复数。
例如:The rich are not always selfish.富人不总是自私的。
The wounded are well treated here.伤员在这儿接受良好治疗。
The aged suffer from various miseries in this country.老年人在这个国家承受各种悲惨遭遇。
(5)不可数名词作主语,其前有表示数量的复数名词修饰时,谓语动词用复数。
例如:Three million tons of coal were exported that year.那年出口三百万吨煤。
Two million square meters of housing were constructed in my hometown last year.我的家乡去年盖了二百万平方米的住宅。
三.谓语动词可用单数也可以用复数1.就近一致有时谓语动词的人称和数与最近的主语保持一致,主要有以下两种情况:(1)用连词either...or,neither...nor,whether...or,not only...but(also),or等连接的并列主语,如果一个是单数,一个是复数,则谓语动词按就近一致原则,与最靠近它的主语一致。
例如:What he does or what he says does not concern me.他做什么或是他说什么与我无关。
Either the boy or the girl knows him well.不是这男孩就是那女孩了解他。
Neither money nor fame has influence on me. 钱和荣誉都不会让我动心。
Not only you but also he is wrong.你和他都错了。
(2)在倒装结构中,谓语动词往往和后面的第一个主语取得一致。
例如:Where is your mother and younger sisters?你的母亲和妹妹们在哪里?There is a book,two pencils and some buttons on the table.在桌子上,有一本书,两支铅笔和一些扣子。