非谓语动词与状语从句的转化教学内容

从句与非谓语之间的转换一、当从句的主语与主句的主语一致（定语从句的主语与先行词一致)，如果从句中是：1）从句用be动词作谓语be + doing; 省略be；（例10)be + done；省略be；（例4)be + 介词短语;省略be；(例2）be + 形容词 / 副词； be变为being；(例9)be + 名词; be变为being；（例1）2）如果从句中是其他行为动词作谓语是一般现在时或一般过去时就一律用doing的进行时化简；（例3)是完成时态或after引导的一般时态，用having done化简.(例7和11）二、当状语从句的主语与主句的主语不一致时，也可按上面第一条中方法化简复合句。

化简后的短语前加上原从句中的主语即可（既是独立主格结构）。

（例5、6、8）1.When he was a young boy,he used to ask lots of questions。

= Being a young boy， he used toask lots of questions.2.When he was in the classroom, he read his book aloud。

= In the classroom, he read his bookaloud。

3.They went to the teacher for help who taught them English. = They went to the teacher teachingthem English for help。

4.When the earth is seen from space， it looks like a huge water ball。

= Seen from space, theearth looks like a huge water ball。

5.When a guest comes to your room, you can say to him "H ave a seat, please”。

从句与非谓语动词之间的转换非谓语动词和从句可以相互转换，那么如何将复合句改为简单句呢？首先，需要分清主从复合句，然后取消从句，一般要把引导从句的连词去掉。

例如，将"When he was waiting for the bus。

he saw a dog"改为"Waiting for the bus。

he saw a dog"。

其次，如果从句的谓语动词是主动式，就要把谓语动词改为现在分词；如果从句的谓语动词是被动式，就要把谓语动词改为过去分词，并且要注意时态的变化。

例如，将"After he had finished his homework。

he went home"改为"Having finished his homework。

he went home"。

另外，使用分词短语作状语时，它逻辑上的主语必须与句子的主语一致。

如果主从句的主语不一致，在取消掉从句变为-ing或-ed形式时，要把从句的主语保留，其它部分和以前的改法一样。

例如，将"As it was hot。

we went swimming"改为"It being hot。

we went swimming"。

需要注意的是，在使用分词短语作状语时，它也可以有自己独立的逻辑上的主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构。

在很多情况下，它都表示一种伴随的动作或表示一种原因。

例如：1.If the weather allows。

I will go there.2.After the rain ped。

XXX.3.His XXX。

and he prepared to return to his institute.4.With so many comrades absent。

XXX.From the above examples。

we can see that the present participle (-ing) usually indicates an n that is happening at the same time as the main verb in the sentence。

状语从句与非谓语作状语的转换将下列非谓语作状语改成状语从句不定式1. 作__________状语:He went to Shanghai to visit his parents.To save the earth, we must prevent the earth from being polluted.I shut the door quietly, so as not to wake the baby.2. 作____________________-状语:He is too naughty to please his teachers.He is old enough to go to school.We came home after our holiday , only to find our garden neat and tidy.3. 作_________状语: 不定式做_______状语时, 一般放在句子末尾。

She burst into laughter to see his funny action.The boy was shocked to see the frightening scene分词1)作_______状语：Hearing the bad news, she burst into tears.Seen from the hill, the park looks more beautiful.Having found a seat, she left her books on it.(2) 作_______状语：Being so poor in those days, they couldn't send the boy to school.Born in a poor family, the boy could not go to school.(3) 作_______状语：Adopting this method, we will raise the average yield by 40 percent.Given more time, we could have done it much better.4) 作_______状语：Admitting what she has said, I still think that she hasn't tried her best.Admitted into the university , he was still upset.(5) 作_______状语：It rained heavily, thus causing severe flooding in that country.It rained for two weeks on end, thus completely ruining our holiday.(6) 作_______状语：The teacher came into the classroom , following a group of students.The teacher came into the classroom, followed by a group of students注意事项：a. 不定式和-ing形式作结果状语时的区别b. 祈使句+and/or+陈述句和To do…, +陈述句的区别______ the corners of the handkerchief to the points of the cross, and you will have a nice strong kite.A. To tieB. TyingC. TiedD. Tie______ the problem _____ me and I ‘ll see what I can do with it.A.When left; forB. Leaving; toC. If you leave; withD. Leave; withc. 句还子是分词：如果句中有连词（and/ but / or ..），要用句子.1) ____ but he still could not understand it.A. Told many timesB. Having been told many timesC. He has been told many timesD. Though he had been told many times2) ____ so he had no difficulty ( in ) understanding English.A. Because he had been in London for 3 yearsB. Having been in London for 3 yearsC. He having been in London for 3 yearsD. He had been in London for 3 yearsd. 要特别注意非谓语的逻辑主语1) Finding her car stolen, _____. (01 上海).A. a policeman was asked to helpB. the area was searching thoroughlyC. it was looked for everywhereD. she hurried to a policeman for help2) While watching television, __________.A．the doorbell rang B．the doorbell ringsC．we heard the doorbell ring D．we heard the doorbell rings高中非谓语动词做状语练习1.＿＿＿＿who she was, she said she was Mr.Johnson’s friend.A. AskingB. AskedC. To be askedD. When asking2.He hurried to the station,＿＿＿the 9：30 train had already left.A. findingB. foundC. only to findD. only finding3. The dog, _____, will be made a good watchdog.A. to train properlyB. being trained properlyC. properly to trainD. trained properly4. _____ the diamond, he had to look for a place to hide it.A. Having stolenB. Having been stolenC. StolenD. Stealing5. _____ the front door _____, he had to enter the room through the back door.A. Seen; paintedB. Seeing; paintedC. Being seen; being paintedD. Seeing; being painted6. And there, almost _____ in the big chair, sat her little brother, who never had to be told to keep quiet.A. having lostB. losingC. to be lostD. lost7.＿＿＿all my letters, I had a drink and went out.A.FinishedB.Having finishedC.FinishingD.To finish8.From the dates＿＿＿on the gold coin, it is conformed that it was made five hundred years ago.A. markingB. markedC. to be markedD. having been marked9. The old farmer, _____ the badly injured and burnt soldier, came out of the burning farmhouse, calling continuously for help.A. supportingB. having supportedC. being supported byD. being supported10. In January , 2004, the United States succes sfully launched “Spirit”, a Mars Exploration Rover, _____ a new milestone in the history of mankind.A. it markedB. markingC. markedD. to mark11.＿＿＿＿time and labour, cartoonists generally draw the hands of their characters with only 3 fingers and a thumb.A. To saveB. SavedC. SavingD. Having saved12.And there, almost＿＿＿in the big chair, sat her little brother, who never had to be told to keep quiet.A.having lostB.losingC.to be lostD.lost13.The policeman put down the phone, ＿＿＿with a smile on his face.A.satisfiedB.satisfyingC.to be satisfiedD.having satisfied14.＿＿＿, your composition is full of mistakes.A.Writing carelesslyB.Written carelesslyC.Having written carelesslyD.Being written carelessly15.She made a candle＿＿＿us light.A.giveB.gaveC.to giveD.given16.＿＿several times, the young scientist still kept on making his experiments.A.Having been failedB.Having failedC.Though failedD.Because of failure17. The sun was shining brightly, _____ everything there _____ more beautiful.A. making; lookB. to make; lookedC. and made; lookingD. and making; be looked18. New ideas sometimes have to wait for years before _____.A. being fully acceptingB. fully acceptingC. having fully acceptedD. fully accepted19. _____ full preparations, we decided to put off the meeting till next week.A. We did not makeB. Having not madeC. We had not madeD. Not having made20. Towards evening, the patient opened his mouth as if _____ something to his son.A. saidB. say c.to say D. to have said21. --- Would you be _____ lend me your bicycle? --- Sure.A. so kind as toB. kind enough as toC. very kind toD. so kind to22. Some of the schools in Shanghai have moved one step closer to _____ with the global education community.A. being connectedB. connectC. having connectedD. be connected23. _____ the big snake, the little girl stood under the tree _____ to death.A. Seeing; frightenedB. Seeing; frighteningC. Seen; frightenD. To see; frightening24. _____ and out of breath, we reached the top of the mountain and stopped _____ the beautiful scenery.A. Tiring; to admireB. Being tired; admiringC. Tired; to admireD. Tired; admiring25. The 18-storeyed building, when _____, will shut out the sun _____ up the rooms in my house.A. completed; lightedB. completing; lightingC. completing; lightedD. completed; lighting26. The policeman rushed into the room only ______ an old lady lying on the ground.A. foundB. findC. findingD. to find27. Each of them got up early ______ to catch the early bus.A. to hopeB. hopingC. so thatD. and28. How pleased the Emperor was ______ what the cheats said!A. hearingB. heardC. hearD. to hear29. ______ her mother had come, her face lit up.A. HearingB. Having heardC. When hearingD. When she heard30. They arrived at their university very late, ______ the gate closely shut.A. foundB. to findC. findD. finding31. After ______ for the job, you will be required to take a language test.A. being interviewedB. interviewedC. interviewingD. having interviewed32. China became the 143rd member of the World Trade Organization on December 11, 2001, thus ____ its 15-year wish to join the global trade body.A. having realizedB. realizedC. realizingD. to realize33. As early as 1647 Ohio made a decision that free, tax-supported schools must be set up in every town___ 50 households or more.A. havingB. to haveC. to have hadD. having had34. To do a bit for the motherland, ______.A. working hard is necessaryB. to learn a foreign language is neededC. it is important to master scienceD. one should serve the people whole-heartedly1._______ that she was going off to sleep, I asked if she’d like that little doll on her bed. (08北京)A. SeeingB. To see C .See D. Seen2.—Did the book give the information you needed? —yes. But ________ it, I had to read the entire book. (08北京)A. to findB. findC. to be finding D .finding3. I feel greatly honored ________ into their society. (08北京)A. to welcomeB. welcomingC. to be welcomedD. welcomed4.______ their hats into the air, the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of the victory. (08 天津)A. To throwB. ThrownC. ThrowingD. Being thrown5.________ to reach then on the phone, we sent an e-mail instead. (08重庆)A. FailB. FailedC. To failD. Having failed6.________ the project as planned, we’ll have to work two more hours a day. (08湖南)A. CompletingB. Complete.C. CompletedD. To complete7.________ that he was in great danger, Eric walked deeper into the forest. (08浙江)A. Not realizedB. Not to realizeC. Not realizingD. Not to have realized8. He was busy writing a story, only _____once in a while to smoke a cigarette. (08辽宁)A. to stopB. stoppingC. to have stoppedD. having stopped9.________ around the Water Cube, we were then taken to see the Bird’s Nest for the 2008 Olympic Games. (08陕西)A. Having shownB. To be shownC. Having been shownD. To show10._________ in the fields on a March afternoon, he could feel the warmth of spring. (08安徽)A. To walk B .Walk C. Walked D. Having walked11.________ in the queue for half an hour, the old man suddenly realized he had left the cheque in the car. (08福建)A. WaitingB. To waitC. Having waitedD. To have waited12. We had an anxious couple of weeks _______ for the results of the experiment. (08四川)A. waitB. to be waitingC. waitedD. waiting。