2019-2020学年三明市普通高中第一学期期末质量检测高三英语试题及答案(16页)

福建省三明市2020届高三上学期期末质量检测英语试题二、阅读理解（本大题共15小题）AMiddle School Academic Summer Camp CoursesEnrichment Theme：Creative MindsAugust 15- August 27A wide variety of enrichment courses await you at R-MA's Summer Academic Camp in the Northern Shenandoah Valley of Virginia．Come and explore the galaxy，master technology，broaden your reading base…It's a summer that you'll never forget!Science Explorer：Students will uses simple machines to invent Rube Goldberg challenges．Weekly creations will provide students chances to work together and think creativity with others．This course is our most popular，apply early to reserve your space!Reading & Writing：Get occupied with non-fictional text that describes some of the greatest inventors of all time．Create digital text that is both interactive and animated （交互的和动态的）．History in Action：Recreate some of the most influential architectural features from the early civilizations by using everyday materials．Let your imagination head to another world with hands-on activities on a daily basis．Music：You can use our digital keyboarding software to make a variety of music Are there chances to play instruments in space？How does it sound and What are the challenges？Learn about how music plays a role in space．Middle School Academic Enrichment．Camp FeesTuition（学费）：For one two-week session：645Forbothtwo-weeksessions：1180 Personal account：﹩565Notes：*There are four periods each day and each course runs for two periods．Students can only choose one or two topics for the summer．*All courses are for enrichment only．This is a learning enrichment camp，not a summer school program．Students cannot take these courses to make up for courses failed during the normal school year．*Tuition does not include the cost of meals or uniforms．Personal account covers board，uniforms and trips．21.What do the courses focus on for students？______A. Their teamwork．B. Their creativity．C. Their failed courses．D. Their school grades．22.How much will Steven pay for both History in Action and Music in total？______A. ﹩1180．B. ﹩1210．C. ﹩1290．D. ﹩1745．23.What will students have the chance to do at the Summer Camp？______A. Play various musical instruments．B. Turn ancient materials into products．C. Invent some stories about great scientists．D. Explore some simple machines for challenges．【解析】21．B．细节理解题．根据文章Science Explorer-Students will uses simple machines to invent Rube Goldberg challenges．学生们将使用简单的机器来发明Rube Goldberg挑战；Reading & Writing-Create digital text that is both interactive and animated （交互的和动态的）．创建交互式和动态的数字文本；History in Action- Let your imagination head to another world with hands-on activities on a daily basis让你的想象力走向另一个世界，每天都有动手的活动；Music-You can use our digital keyboarding software to make a variety of music 您可以使用我们的数字键盘软件制作各种音乐．由此可知，这几个课程都是为了锻炼学生的动手和创造能力，结合选项，故选B．22．D．细节理解题．根据文章Tuition（学费）：介绍内容；For both two-week sessions：1180，Personal account：﹩565-Tuition does not include the cost of meals oruniforms．Personal account covers board，uniforms and trips．两周课程：1180，个人账户：565．学费不包括膳食或制服费用．个人账户包括食宿、制服和旅行费用．可知，如果史蒂芬报名了History in Action 和Music ，则他应该付费为1180+565=1745，结合选项，故选D．23．D．推理判断题．根据文章Science Explorer介绍内容，Students will uses simple machines to invent Rube Goldberg challenges．学生们将使用简单的机器来发明Rube Goldberg挑战．可知，参加该夏令营的话，学生有机会探索一些简单的机器来应对挑战，结合选项，故选D．本文章主要讲述了中学学术夏令营课程，对课程时间，课程安排以及收费等进行了说明．阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释．考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点．BEleven-year-old Ruby Kate Chitsey loves asking the question"If you could have any three things，what would you want？" at nursing homes in Harrison．Even more amazing，she then sets out to make the residents who live in the nursing home realize their dreams．Last May，Ruby Kate noticed a resident named Pearl staring out a window．She seemed sad．"What are you looking at？' Ruby Kate asked．Pearl said her dog was led away by his new owner because she couldn't afford to raise it．Ruby Kate and her mother，Amanda，asked around and discovered that many nursing home residents are unable to afford even the smallest luxuries．So Ruby Kate decided to do something about it．She started by asking residents what three things they wanted most in the world．Amanda worried that people would ask for cars and other things an 11-year-old wouldn't be able to provide．Instead，they asked for chocolate bars，McDonald fries，pants that ft properly and even just prayer．Using heir own money，the Chitseys granted the wishes of about 100 people in three months．Then they started asking for donations．The good people of Harrison responded enthusiastically，so much so hat Amanda set up a GoFundMe page，Three Wishes for Ruby's Residents，hoping to collect%5，000．They hit their goal in a month．After GoFundMe named Ruby Kate a Kid Hero and promoted her storyinternationally this past January，Three Wishes raised ﹩20，000 in 24 hours and more than ﹩250，000 in five months．Earlier this year，Three Wishes for Ruby's Residents became a nonprofit and launched its first nationwide chapters．Ruby Kate doesn't plan to stop there．"I consider kindness to be my hobby，"she says，"and I'm very good at it．"24.What inspired Ruby Kate to help residents at nursing homes？______A. Pearl's sadness for missing her dog．B. The kindness of residents at nursing homes．C. Many nursing home residents' lack of luxuries．D. Her experience of working in a nursing home．25.What can we learn from the passage？______A. Three Wishes has set up its worldwide branches．B. The Chitseys helped satisfy the residents' wishes．C. The nursing home introduced Ruby's story around the world．D. The Chitseys are wealthy enough to afford all residents' wishes．26.What do the numbers listed in Paragraph 4 indicate？______A. People were supportive．B. Ruby Kate was generous．C. Raising money was quite easy．D. The programme was profitable．27.Which of the following can best describe Ruby Kate？______A. Proud and enthusiastic．B. Creative and imaginative．C. Warm-hearted and selfless．D. Ambitious and modest．【解析】24．C．细节理解题．根据文章第二段Amanda，asked around and discovered that many nursing home residents are unable to afford even the smallest luxuries．So Ruby Kate decided to do something about it．阿曼达，四处打听，发现许多养老院的居民连最小的奢侈品都买不起，于是露比•凯特决定做点什么．可知许多疗养院居民缺乏奢侈品激发了鲁比•凯特帮助疗养院的居民激发了鲁比•凯特帮助疗养院的居民；故选C．25．B．推理判断题．根据文章第三段Using heir own money，the Chitseys granted the wishes of about 100 people in three months．Then they started asking for donations．用他们自己的钱，奇西夫妇在三个月内答应了大约100人的愿望，然后他们开始要求捐款．可知奇西夫妇帮助满足了居民的愿望；故选B．26．A．细节理解题．根据文章第四段After GoFundMe named Ruby Kate a Kid Hero and promoted her story internationally this past January，Three Wishes raised ﹩20，000 in 24 hours and more than ﹩250，000 in five months．在GoFundMe将鲁比•凯特命名为"儿童英雄"之后，今年1月，她在国际上推广了她的故事，三个愿望在24小时内筹集了20，000美元，在五个月内筹集了超过250，000美元．可知第4段所列数字表明人们都很支持；故选A．27．C．推理判断题．根据文章最后一段 "I consider kindness to be my hobby，"she says，"and I'm very good at it．"我认为善良是我的爱好，她说，而且我很在行．可知鲁比•凯特是热心无私的；故选C．本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了鲁比•凯特帮助养老院的居民实现他们的愿望，得到了许多同样好心的人的支持．考察学生的推理判断能力和联系上下文的的能力，在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．此类的填空题一定要联系上下文，根据上下文的内容加上自己的理解，再作出正确的判断CNew South Wales，Australia，is setting up cameras as part of an effort to reduce the number of people preoccupied with wireless devices while they drive．It will be the first area in the world to use the technology to punish drivers distracted （分心）with telephone calls，social media or text messages．Road Safety experts are concerned about the growing number of accidents involving drivers using smart phones on the state's roads．They say drivers who use phones while driving greatly increase their chances of being involved in an accident．The New South Wales government plans to place 45 Mobile Phone Detection Cameras across the state by December．Each phone detection unit contains two cameras．One camera takes pictures of a vehicle's registration plate （牌照）．A second camera looks through the front windrow of a car or truck to see what drivers are doing with their hands．The units use artificial intelligence to set aside drivers who are not touching their phones．Human beings then confirm if the pictures show illegal behavior before notice is sentto the vehicle's registered owner．A violation（违反）carries fine of ﹩232．Some cameraswill be permanently set up on roadsides．Others will be moved，from time to time，around the state．Two fixed cameras took photographs of 8.5 million vehicles as part of a six-month test earlier this year．The cameras took photos of more than 100，000 drivers with their hands on phones．One driver was using a phone and another electronic device，an Apple iPad，at the same time．Another driver had a passenger guide the vehicle while they both held phones，the state government said．28.What is the real purpose to set up cameras in New South Wale？______A. To keep records of the accidents．B. To promote the latest technology．C. To find illegal behavior of the drivers．D. To force drivers to focus more on driving．29.What can we infer from the road safety experts？______A. Smart-phones are main killers on the road．B. All accidents result from drivers' using cell-phones．C. Measures are badly needed to ban using phones while driving．D. Carrying a smart-phone while driving will cause an accident．30.How does the phone detection unit function effectively？______A. It corrects the drivers' wrong behavior．B. It has two cameras to record the plates．C. It sends a notice to the legal diver autonomously．D. It combines artificial intelligence with human's efforts．31.What did a six-month test show？______A. Electronic devices could help divers indeed．B. Mary passenger helped operate the vehicles．C. Many drivers used electronic devices while driving．D. It was common to be busy with two wireless devices．【解析】28．D 推理判断题．根据第一段"New South Wales， Australia， is setting up cameras as part of an effort to reduce the number ofpeople preoccupied with wireless devices while they drive． It will be the first area in the wo rld to use the technology to punish drivers distracted （分心） with telephone calls， social media or text messages．澳大利亚新南威尔士州正在设置摄像头，以减少开车时全神贯注于无线设备的人数．这将是世界上第一个使用这项技术惩罚那些通过电话、社交媒体或短信分心的司机的领域．"可知新南威尔士设置摄像头的真正目的是迫使司机更专注于驾驶．故选D．29．C 推理判断题．根据第二段"Road Safety experts are concerned about the growing number of accidents involving drivers using smart phones on the state's roads． They say drivers who use phones while driving grea tly increase their chances of being involved in an accident．道路安全专家对越来越多的司机在州内道路上使用智能手机的事故表示关注．他们说，司机在开车时使用手机，大大增加了发生事故的可能性．"可知道路安全专家认为急需采取措施禁止开车时使用手机．故选C．30．D 细节理解题．根据第四段"The units use artificial intelligence to set aside drivers who are not touching their phones．Human beings then confirm if the pictures show illegal behavior before notice is sent to the v ehicle's registered owner．这些单位使用人工智能技术，将不接触手机的司机隔离开来．然后，在通知车主之前，由人类确认照片上是否有违法行为．"可知手机检测单元是它把人工智能和人类的努力结合起来．故选D．31．C 细节理解题．根据最后一段"Two fixed cameras took photographs of 8.5 million vehicles as part of a six-month test earlie r this year． The cameras took photos of more than 100，000 drivers with their hands on phones． One driver was using a phone and another electroni c device， an Apple iPad， at the same time． Another driver had a passenger guide the vehi cle while they both held phones， the state government said．今年早些时候，作为为期6个月的测试的一部分，两个固定摄像头拍摄了850万辆汽车的照片．这些摄像头拍摄了10万多名驾驶员的手拿着手机的照片．一名驾驶员同时使用手机和另一个电子设备苹果iPad．另一名驾驶员在驾驶汽车时有乘客指引他们都有电话，州政府说．"可知六个月的测试显示了许多司机在开车时使用电子设备．故选C．本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了澳大利亚新南威尔士州正在设置摄像头，以减少开车时全神贯注于无线设备的人数．这将是世界上第一个使用这项技术惩罚那些通过电话、社交媒体或短信分心的司机的领域．阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释．考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点．DBEIJING/SAO PAULO-Chinese traditions like cockfighting，like-flying and fireworks have been quite common in Brazil for many years．Despite the thousands of kilometers between them，China's historical and artistic mark on Brazil has existed for about 300 years，said Brazilian sinologist （汉学家）Jose Roberto Teixeira Leite in his book China in Brazil．Influences from China can date from the colonial period，even up to the time after after Brazil's independence．"The commercial relationship between the two countries has existed for a long time，he noted，adding that incoming ships would fill up Brazilian cities like Salvador，Rio de Janeiro andRecife with Chinese products like porcelain（瓷器），silk and fans He also found Chinese influence not only in the arts and architecture of Brazil but also in the most diverse areas of Brazilian society，like the economy，medicine and popular culture．"At the end of the 19th century，in Pernambuco，（a state in northeastern Brazil），there was a custom that children slept with clothes decorated with Chinese dragons．" Teixeira added．The book took him about 15 years to finish．"The impact of the book surprised me，though it was published by a university publisher and it had a print run of just 1，000 copies，" he said．"Some have said that the book represents a turning point in Chinese studies in Brazil．" Besides，the sinologist did research on the mark and presence of China in the architecture and arts of Brazil．"It was through art that China awoke in me，first，curiosity，after that，interest，and finally，passion，" Teixeira said．In 1992，the sinologist visited Macao to do research for his doctoral thesis about the marks and presence of China in Brazil，and that trip impressed him a lot．In 2013，Teixeira had a chance to visit the Chinese cities of Bejing，Shenzhen and Shanghai，and got to know"the past and present of the great country culturally，as well as its incredible material development．"32.What does the underlined sentence imply？______A. Brazilian children's love for dragons as Chinese children．B. The development of China-Brazil frequent trade cooperation．C. A further understanding of the cultures of the two countries．D. China's influence on most diverse areas of Brazilian society．33.What marks a new stage of Chinese studies for Brazilian？______A. Children's clothes．B. The siniogist's traveling．C. The sinologist's book．D. China's porcelain．34.What fired the sinologist's passion for Chinese studies？______A. Chinese art．B. Chinese customs．C. The history of China．D. China's development．35.What is the best title for this passage？______A. The Impression of China on Sinologist．B. China and Brazil in Eyes of SinologistC. An Introduction to Sinologist's New BookD. The Future of China-Brazil Trade Relations【解析】32．D 句意理解题．根据画线句所在的段落"At the end of the 19th century， in Pernambuco，（a state in northeastern Brazil），ther e was a custom that children slept with clothes decorated with Chinese dragons．" Teixeira a dded．19世纪末，在巴西东北部的一个州，在伯南布哥，有一个习俗，孩子们睡在装饰有中国龙的衣服上．"可知划线句子表示的是：中国对巴西社会各个领域的影响．故选D．33．C 细节理解题．根据第四段"The book took him about 15 years to finish． "The impact of the book surprised me， thoug h it was published by a university publisher and it had a print run of just 1，000 copies，" he said．"Somehave said that the book represents a turning point in Chinese studies in Brazil．"这本书花了他大约15年的时间才写完．他说："这本书的影响令我吃惊，尽管它是由一家大学出版社出版的，印刷量只有1000册．有人说这本书代表了巴西中国研究的一个转折点．"可知The sinologist's book标志着巴西人的汉语研究进入了一个新的阶段．故选C．34．A 细节理解题．根据倒数第二段"．"It was through art that China awoke in me， first， curiosity， after that， interest， andfinally， passion，" Teixeira said．"正是通过艺术，中国在我心中觉醒，首先是好奇心，然后是兴趣，最后是激情，"特谢拉说．"可知艺术激发了这位汉学家对中国研究的热情．故选A．35．B 文章题目．阅读全文可知本文主要是讲述了巴西汉学家（若泽）罗伯托•特谢拉•莱特对于中国文化的热爱，所以"China and Brazil in Eyes of Sinologist"作为题目最好．故选B．本文是一篇说明文，主要是讲述了巴西汉学家（若泽）罗伯托•特谢拉•莱特对于中国文化的热爱．阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释．考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点．二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）China's General Administration of Press and Publication （GAPP）has issued a new Circular about Preventing the Teenagers from Online Game Addictions．(36) They will control the time and money spent by underage gamers．to prevent Teenagers from getting addicted to video games．Further，a real-name registration system will be created to check the identity of gamers against the national database．It was estimated about 620 million gamers had brought in as much as ﹩38 billion in revenue（收入）---out of which 60 percent came from mobile games．(37) In the first half of 2018，China accounted for 26.1 percent of global revenues in this industry space．According to a report last year，there are more than 800 million netizens in China and over 98 percent are smart phone users．Mobile games and PC games are the primary type of products in China's gaming market，and account for 66 percent and 28.5 percent of revenues．The new measures specifically target youth online gaming．It bans users aged under 18 from playing online games between 10 p．m．and 8 a．m．(338) A maximum of three hours per day on weekends and public holidays．The government is also targeting the profitable parts of online micro transactions （微交易）．Gamers aged between 8 and 16 will only be able to add up to RMB 200 （﹩29）per month into their account．Gamers between 16 and 18 years old will be able to top up a maximum of RMB 400（﹩57）．(39) Regulators will be allowed to check the identity of users with the national database．Users will be required to register their accounts with their real name and phone number．Commenting on the newest measures，the GAPP says it wants to clean up China's internet【解析】36．B．细节理解题．根据下文"They will control the time and money spent by underage gamers他们将控制未成年玩家的时间和金钱"．可知此处应填"已经提出了一些新措施"．故选B．37．E．细节理解题．根据前文"It was estimated about 620 million gamers had brought in as much as ﹩38 billion in revenue out of which 60 percent came from mobile games据估计，约6.2亿玩家带来了高达380亿美元的收入，其中60%来自手机游戏"．可知此处应填"2018年，中国是世界上最大的游戏市场"．故选E．38．F．细节理解题．根据前文"It bans users aged under 18 from playing online games between 10 p．m． and 8 a．m它禁止18岁以下的用户在晚上10点到早上8点之间玩网络游戏．"．可知此处应填"青少年在工作日只能玩1.5小时"．故选F．39．D．推理判断题．根据下文"Regulators will be allowed to check the identity of users with the national database监管机构将被允许在国家数据库中检查用户的身份"．可知此处应填"此外，一套实名制的登记系统也正在建设中．"．故选D．40．G．推理判断题．根据前文"Commenting on the newest measures， the GAPP says it wants to clean up China's internet space新闻出版总署在评论最新措施时说，它希望清理中国的互联网空间"．可知此处应填"它还希望保护青少年的身心健康"．故选G．本文是一篇选句填空，文章主要介绍了中国新闻出版总署近日发布了一份关于防止青少年沉迷网络游戏的新通知．考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）It was late，about 10：15 p．m．Janice Esposito jumped into her minivan （小货轩）and began the 20-minute(41) home to her husband and seven-year old Son．She'd just returned from (42) her mother and had traveled the(43) so many times．Out of (44)on that awful night，a car knocked into Esposito's minivan，pushing her backward(45)100 feet onto the railroad tracks．As it happened，Pete DiPinto was getting ready for bed．(46)he heard the sharp clang （哐当声）of metal on metal and breaking glass coming from not far outside his bedroom window．A volunteer firefighter and retired teacher，DiPinto，64，never (47)to think．He grabbed a flashlight and，still wore his pajamas （睡衣），(48) the door．The first car he(49)，2，000 feet from his front yard，was the one that had hit Esposito．Once DiPinto(50)he driver was OK，he looked around and(51)Esposito's minivan sitting on the railroad tracks．And then he heard the urgent sound：an(52)train．DiPinto(53)to Esposito's minivan and banged on the driver's side window．She just looked at him and she seemed(54)．"Honey，you're on the railroad tracks，" DiPinto shouted．"We have to get you(55) right now!" He pulled the handle(56)，but the door was jammed．A heavy train，(57)at 65 miles per hour，was speeding up toward them．DiPinto ran to the passenger side and threw open the door．Please，God，don't let her be trapped，he thought．He pulled her toward him across the seat and rapidly walked her to(58)a few feet away Within Six seconds，the train ran into the minivan．"It was like a Hollywood movie．"But this story had a（n）(59)．"Last night．" South County Ambulance chief told CBS New York，"the (40)arrived in pajamas，not in a fire truck．"41. A. walking B. arriving C. driving D. running42. A. visiting B. treating C. assisting D. finding43. A. field B. forest C. space D. route44. A. somewhere B. nowhere C. anywhere D. everywhere45. A. some B. only C. exactly D. enough46. A. while B. after C. when D. until47. A. failed B. began C. chose D. stopped48. A. held on to B. ran out ofC. stayed away fromD. came up to49. A. came upon B. waited for C. pulled up D. looked for50、 A. blessed B. informed C. concluded D. described51. A. followed B. searched C. reached D. spotted52. A. uprising B. oncoming C. ongoing D. outgoing53. A. rushed B. returned C. wandered D. escaped54. A. unlocked B. unaware C. unhealthy D. unhurt55. A. around B. off C. in D. down56. A. carefully B. roughly C. violently D. naturally57。

2020届三明市第一中学高三英语上学期期末考试试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AChildren under the age of 18 will be allowed up to three hours per week to play video games, according to a notice issued by China's National Press and Publication Administration. Online game companies are required to provide services to minors — from8 to 9 p. m. on Fridays, Saturdays, Sundays and legal holidays — as a way to safeguard their physical and mental health. Children are playing more and more online games these days. Is it time to limit their online gaming time? What role do parents have? Readers share their opinions.RizlaredOnline games are addictive, but if children are taught how to manage in a sensible and responsible manner then it is no longer a threat(威胁).To achieve this, parents need to set examples for not being glued to their phones. Teaching is and always will be the best solution to such problems.AndrewGood policy. By limiting time spent on online games, kids can spend time doing more useful things to develop their potential. They can go outside and run, jump and swim instead of sitting on a couch at home and playing with a smart phone.AdamIt is often seen that parents argue with children over cellphones. Most parents can hardly set and enforce the time limit for its daily usage. Some forcibly take away their cellphones, but it will ruin trust and relationship. Even worse, it will make their kids hate them.PinkExcessive(过度的）gaming is purely a waste of time and energy for minors and has a negative effect on both physical and mental health. The gaming industry should not put profit- flaking interests as its priority (优先事项) . They should act in a socially responsible way toprovide an environment for children to ensure their well-being and development.LaurenThere would be a loophole(漏洞). Children could use their parents’ or other adults’ IDs to avoid real-name registration, thus making it impossible to put this policy in effect. Parents ly need to strengthen guidance andsupervision to keep their children from gaming addiction.1. What should kids do according to Andrew?A. Play online games.B. Play with a smart phone.C. Study all the time.D. Go in for outside activities.2. What does Pink advise the gaming industry to do?A. Pay attention to its profit.B. Focus on kids’ health.C. Be responsible for kids’ surroundings.D. Persuade kids lo play more games.3. What role do parents have according to the passage?A. They keep hold of their phones.B. They set examples for their kids.C. They limit their kids’ time.D. They blame kids for addiction.BScientists have made great discoveries. But how have they influenced our personal lives? Do kids in your classroom even know when Einstein lived? You may be wondering: but why is it important to teachkids about modern-day scientists?First, stories of scientists can encourage kids. Chris Hadfield is a Canadian who went to space, and he’s a real, guitar-playing person. He makes singing videos on YouTube! His story can make kids think scientists are also common people. Hearing scientists’ stories makes kids think “I can do that too!”But not only that, the stories of famous scientists can encourage kids to never give up. Bill Nye was always refused when trying to be an astronaut. But today, he’s made a lot of successes in his role as a popular science educator and engineer. Besides, it’s no secret that scientific discoveries require trying, and trying again.Another way some scientists can encourage kids is through their diversity. Neil deGrasse Tyson, for example, is an African-American, which is not common in his field. Such stories can make kids think anyone can be a scientist.It’s important to know that scientists don’t need to be “gifted” or “good” at school. Often we consider a scientist as being an extremely smart kid at school. That doesn’t have to be true. They just need to have a great interest in science. Telling students stories of scientists can encourage them to show interest in science. As long as they’re interested, they are likely to become a scientist in the future.Modern scientists teach kids that knowledge builds upon the foundation others have laid. This is important — no one can do it alone. Scientists’ stories can encourage today’s young scientists to keep trying. They’ll be encouraged not to give up on the dream of making discoveries. Even if they haven’t made important discoveries,their research may help the following scientists.4. What can Chris Hadfield’s story tell students?A. Scientists are interested in different things.B. Students should have a hobby of their own.C. Scientists can be ordinary like people around us.D. Students should consider scientists as their models.5. Which of the following would the author agree with?A. African-Americans are more likely to become scientists.B. Scientists are not necessarily very smart at school.C. Not all scientists really show interest in science.D. Scientists are usually good at their schooling.6. The last paragraph shows us that ________.A. scientists should help each otherB. a scientist should never give up tryingC. making discoveries is necessary for scientistsD. new scientific discoveries may be based on others’ findings7. What is the text mainly about?A. Why scientists are important to us.B. Why students should be taught about scientists.C. Why students love stories of scientists.D. Why scientists can encourage students.CThe Great Barrier Reef's outlook remains “very poor” despite coral (珊瑚) recovery over the past year, Australian government scientistssaid Monday, just days before a UNESCO ruling on the site's world heritage (遗产) status.The United Nations cultural agency recommended last month that the world's largest reef (珊瑚礁) system be placed on its endangered list because of damage to the corals largely caused by climate change.The Australian Institute of Marine Science (AIMS) said the corals were now in a “recovery window” after a decade of harmful heat stress and cyclones (旋风). But such opportunities were becoming rarer due to the influence ofclimate change, the government agency, which has monitored the reef for 35 years, said in its annualreport released today. “The increasing emergence of climate-related extreme weather events and starfish outbreaks is causing more severe and frequent pressures, giving the reef fewer opportunities like this to recover,”CEO Paul Hardisty said. The scientists surveyed 127 reef sites in 2021 and found hard coral cover had increased at 69 of the 81 locations surveyed in the past two years.Separate scientific research released last October found the 2, 300-kilometre (1, 400 miles) system had lost half its corals since 1995, with a series of ocean heatwaves causing mass coral death.Britta Schaffelke, research program director at AIMS, said the latest findings provided a slight hope that the reef still has the power of recovering. But she added that its future is still very poor because of the dangers of climate change and other factors that are affecting the reef.UNESCO has urged Australia to take urgent climate action but the government has long resisted calls to commit to net zero emissions (排放) by 2050. The government has said it hopes to meet the target “as soon as possible” without harming its economy, insisting dealing with climate change requires a global effort. The reef was worth about US $4. 8 billion a year in tourism for the Australian economy and there are fears that an “in danger” listing could weaken its tourist appeal.8. What is the major cause of the damage to the corals?A. The climate change.B. Lack of money.C. Over development.D. Too many tourists.9. What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 3?A. The result of the survey.B. The efforts AIMS has made.C. The slight chance of the recovery.D. The terrible situation of the climate.10. What is Britta Schaffelke's attitude towards the future of the reef?A. Unclear.B. Positive.C Intolerant. D. Anxious.11. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. Australia wants to put the reef on the endangered list.B. The Australian government has ignored UNESCO's demand.C. Australia hopes to keep a balance between emission target and its economy.D. The Australian government refuses to take its share of responsibility of climate change.DYou've probably heard it suggested that you need to move more throughout the day, and as a general rule of thumb, that "more" is often defined as around 10,000 steps. With many Americans tracking their stepsvia new fitness-tracking wearables, or even just by carrying their phone, more and more people use the 10,000-step rule as their marker for healthy living. Dr. Dreg Hager, professor of computer science at Johns Hopkins, decided to take a closer look at that 10,000-step rule, and he found that usingitas a standard may be doing more harm than good for many.“It turns out that in 1960 in Japan they figured out that the average Japanese man, when he walked 10,000 steps a day burned something like 3,000 calories and that is what they thought the average person should consume so they picked 10,000 steps as a number” Hager said.According to Hager, asking everyone to shoot for 10,000 steps each day could be harmful to the elderly or those with medical conditions, making it unwise for them to jump into that level of exercise, even if it's walking. The bottom line is that 10,000 steps may be too many for some and too few for others. He also noted that those with shorter legs have an easier time hitting the 10,000-step goal because they have to take more steps than people with longer legs to cover the distance. It seems that 10,000 steps may be suitable for the latter.A more recent study focused on older women and how many steps can help maintain good health and promote longevity (长寿).The study included nearly 17,000 women with an average age of 72. Researchers found that women who took 4,400 steps per day were about 40% less likely to die during a follow-up period of just over four years: Interestingly, women in the study who walked more than 7,500 steps each day got no extra boost in longevity.12. What does the underlined word "it' in Paragraph 1 refer to?A. The phone recording.B. The 10,000-step rule.C. The healthy living.D. The fitness-tracking method.13. What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about?A. How many steps a Japanese walks.B. How we calculate the number of steps.C. If burning 3,000 calories daily is scientific.D. Where 10,000 steps a day came from.14. Who will probably benefit from 10,000 steps each day according toHager?A. Senior citizens.B. Young short-legged people.C. Healthy long-legged peopleD. Weak individuals.15. How many steps may the researchers suggest senior citizens take each day?A. 4,400 steps.B. 10,000 steps.C. 2,700 steps.D. 7,500 steps.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020届三明市第一中学高三英语上学期期末考试试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AI started working with my hands at a young age. The youngest of five brothers, I took on the role as a “maintenance (维修) man” at an early age for our family’s small grocery store. Often my dad wouldn’t give me a clear idea of how something shouldbe done, so I just had to figure it out by researching or through trial and error.Fast forward to 2016 and those problem-solving skills would become the focus of Tippecanoe High School’s Homebuilding class. I knew I wanted to teach the students skills that went beyond just being able to hammer nails or cut pieces of two-by-fours. The problem was that we didn’t have the resources at the time to do much else. The idea of attracting some type of funding seemed very important. Designing, building and selling a tiny house on wheels seemed like the perfect project to accomplishthe task. I reached out to a number of local businesses and most of them responded with the greatest support for what x k w we were doing.This year we added a new element to the program. Through one of our partners, we were able to connect with the nonprofit Veteran’s Ananda Incorporated. Students in the Homebuilding class are leading the design and production of micro houses to be donated to this organization. The new partnership gives the students another focus to consider when designing and building the houses.There has been no shortage of students since our first year. Three years ago we had 41 students, the next 191, and this year it was limited to just over 160 students so we could have a safe and manageable classroom environment. The number of girls taking the class has risen steadily over the last few years as well. This class offers something for everyone and the skills are universal.1. How can we describe the young author?A. He opened a small grocery store.B. He did a lot of research in the lab.C. He enjoyed doing hands-on activities.D. He learnt about maintenance from his father.2. What do the underlined words “the task” in paragraph 2 refer to?A. Getting some financial support.B. Selling a tiny house on wheels.C. Reaching out to many local businesses.D. Offering the students some problem-solving skills.3. What can be inferred about the Homebuilding class from the last paragraph?A. Its size needs increasing.B. Itis popular with the students.C. It has caused some safety concerns.D. Its classroom environment is hard to manage.BYu Chenrui, 29, is a maker of automata (机关人偶) in Chengdu, Sichuan province. Automata are built to look like humans or animals and give the illusion (错觉) of being able to move ontheir own, “The art form amazes me, because it combines various skills, from storytelling to mechanics, and the pieces are built with a sense of humor,” Yu says. His creations have caught the attention of well-known artists and his fancy pieces of art have attracted collectors worldwide.Interested in handcrafts as a boy, Yu first encountered automata designed by Japanese artist Kazuaki at an exhibition in 2015 when he studied at the Communication University of China in Beijing. “It was like meeting a like-minded friend, ” Yu says, recalling the moment. As an art and design major, he began to learn the craft by himself and, with the support of his tutor, he kept studying and examining automata in school.When he graduated in 2016, Yu landed a job at an advertising agency in Beijing. He stayed on at the company for three years because, at that time, he was not sure that he could make a living out of his hobby. While working as a designer Yu kept exploring and advancing his skills in wood carving and mechanics. Eventually, despite the job’s good salary, it was not enough to make up for not following his true passion. Finally, in 2018, Yu quit his job and returned to Chengdu to open his automata workshop.To keep himself occupied while running his workshop, he planted blueberries, raspberries and cherries. He watered, weeded and added fertilizer (肥料) every day. “Daily routines helped me calm down and inspire my creativity, which resulted in an automaton called To Observe the Autumn,” Yu says.Over time, Yu’s reputation grew and his business flourished (兴旺). Many of Yu’s creations are built with a dash of wisdom, a sprinkle of humor and are inspired by observations of real life. Yu knows that there are many more creative ideas waiting to be expressed. “It feels quite good to be fully devoted to automata creation and I am still searching for myself.”4. What can we learn from the first paragraph?A. Yu is equipped with various skills.B. Yu is a person full of sense of humor.C Yu is now gaining recognition worldwide.D. Yu is following the latest trend in handcraft.5. Why did Yu quit his job in Beijing?A. He couldn't make a living out of it.B. He wanted to pursue his own dream.C. He missed his family in Chengdu.D. He thought he had a lot experience.6. According to Yu, what contributes to his creativity as an automata artist?A. The fruits he grows.B. Success of his business.C. His devotion to the job.D. Observation from daily life.7. Which of the following can best describe Yu’s story?A. There is no end to learning.B. Great hopes make great man.C. Actions speak louder than words.D. Experience is the mother of wisdom.CA male tiger was rescued in Mishan city, Northeast China's Heilongjiang province, on Friday. A tiger was recently seen on the Siner Russian border（边界），but there is no evidence to suggest this is the same tiger or that it had lost its way from Russia.Wherever it may have come from, cross-border protection of endangered species is a problem. According to Ma Jianzhang, a senior wild animal researcher in China, tigers know no borders, which have been built to stop humans from illegally crossing over. However, these borders also stop the free movement of tigers, thus preventing their breeding（繁殖）and exchange of genes.The Sino-Russian border alsocomes in the way ofprotecting tigers in the region. Data show about 500 to 550 Siberian tigers, or over 90 percent of the species, live in the wild in Russia; 27 live in the wild in China, and 50 inthe border region. Sometimes tigers lose their way across the border and that is hindering（妨碍）efforts to stop illegal hunting and protecting them.Fortunately, both China and Russia have realized this problem and are working toward solving it. As early as 2010, the two countries established a cross-border protection network aimed at strengthening communication on protecting tigers in the northeast. The countries have also held anti-poaching（反偷猎）activities together. In 2019,two national parks from the two countries signed a three-year deal to share research data on tigers, greatly improving the living conditions of Siberian tigers in the wild.However, much more needs to be done to protect the species. It is necessary to combine the tiger protection areas in the two countries. That will require greater efforts from both sides and some difficulties might remain even then. Fortunately, both countries have been taking effective measures to provide the endangered species a better home.8. What's the original purpose of setting up the Sino-Russian borders?A. To ban people from illegal crossings.B. To help protect tigers in the region.C. To protect tigers from losing their way.D. To stop tigers' breeding and exchange of genes.9. What does the underlined phrase “comes in the way of” probably mean?A. keeps from.B. is on the way toC. is aimed atD. keeps up10. What is the focus of Paragraph 4 ?A. Recent studies and researches on tigers.B. Joint efforts by China and Russia to protect tigers.C. The possible effects of establishing a networkD. Reasons for improving the living conditions of tigers.11. What's the author's purpose in writing the text?A. To inform the possible dangers of tiger protection.B. To cover the news about a missing tiger on the border.C. To put forward suggestions on finding the missing tiger.D. To report the problems and measures of cross-border tiger protection.DOne day, when I was working as a psychologist（心理学家）in England, an adolescent boy showed up in my office. It was David. He kept walking up and down restlessly, his face pale, and his hands shaking slightly. His head teacher had referred him to me.“This boy has lost his family,” he wrote. “He is understandably very sad and refuses to talk to others, and I’m very worried about him. Can you help?”I looked at David and showed him to a chair. How could I help him? There are problems psychology doesn’t have the answer to, and which no words can describe. Sometimes the best thing one can do is to listen openly andsympathetically（同情）The first two times we met, David didn’t say a word. He sat there, only looking up to look at the children’s drawings on the wall behind me. I suggested we play a game of chess. He nodded. After that he played chess with me every Wednesday afternoon---in complete silence and without looking at me. It’s not easy to cheat in chess, but I admit I made sure David won once or twice.Usually, he arrived earlier than agreed, took the chess board and pieces from the shelf and began setting them up before I even got a chance to sit down. It seemed as if he enjoyed my company（陪伴）. But why did he never look at me?“Perhaps he simply needs someone to share his pain with,” I thought. “Perhaps he senses that I respect his suffering.” Some months later, when we were playing chess, he looked up at me suddenly.“It’s your tum,” he said.After that day, David started talking. He got friends in school and joined a bicycle club. He wrote to me a few times, about his biking with some friends, and about his plan to get into university. Now he had really started to live his own life.Maybe I gave David something. But I also learned that one…without any words---can reach out to another person. All it takes is a hug, a shoulder to cry on, a friendly touch, and an ear that listens.12. When he first met the author, David .A. felt a little excitedB. looked a little nervousC. walked energeticallyD. showed up with his teacher13. David enjoyed being with the author because he .A. wanted to ask the author for adviceB. liked the children’s drawings in the officeC. beat the author many times in the chess gameD. needed to share sorrow with the author14. What can be inferred about David?A. He liked biking before he lost his family.B. He recovered after months of treatment.C. He went into university soon after starting to talk.D. He got friends in school before he met the author.15. What made David change?A. The author’s silent communication with him.B. His teacher’s help.C. The author’s friendship.D. His exchange of letters with the author.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019-2020 学年三明市普通高中第一学期期末质量检测高三英语试题第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

AMiddle School Academic Summer Camp CoursesEnrichment Theme: Creative MindsAugust 15- August 27A wide variety of enrichment courses await you at R-MA's Summer Academic Camp in the Northern Shenandoah Valley of Virginia. Come and explore the galaxy, master technology, broaden your reading base....It's a summer that you'll never forget!Science Explorer:Students will uses simple machines to invent Rube Goldberg challenges. Weekly creations will provide students chances to work together and think creativity with others. This course is our most popular,apply early to reserve your space!Reading & Writing:Get occupied with non-fictional text that describes some of the greatest inventors of all time. Create digital text that is both interactive and animated (交互的和动态的).History in Action:Recreate some of the most influential architectural features from the early civilizations by using everyday materials. Let your imagination head to another world with hands-on activities on a daily basis.Music:You can use our digital keyboarding software to make a variety of music Are there chances to play instruments in space? How does it sound and What are the challenges? Learn about how music plays a role in space.Middle School Academic Enrichment.Camp FeesTuition(学费): For one two-week session:$ 645For both two-week sessions: $1180Personal account: $565Notes:*There are four periods each day and each course runs for two periods. Students can only choose one or two topics for the summer.*All courses are for enrichment only. This is a learning enrichment camp, not a summer school program. Students cannot take these courses to make up for courses failed during the normal school year.* Tuition does not include the cost of meals or uniforms. Personal account covers board, uniforms and trips.21 What do the courses focus on for students?A.Their teamwork.B. Their creativity.C. Their failed courses.D. Their school grades.22. How much will Steven pay for both History in Action and Music in total?A. $1180.B. $1210.C. $1290.D. $1745.23. What will students have the chance to do at the Summer Camp?A .Play various musical instruments.B. Turn ancient materials into products.C. Invent some stories about great scientists.D. Explore some simple machines for challenges.BEleven-year-old Ruby Kate Chitsey loves asking the question”If you could have any three things, what would you want?" at nursing homes in Harrison. Even more amazing, she then sets out to make the residents who live in the nursing home realize their dreams.Last May, Ruby Kate noticed a resident named Pearl staring out a window. She seemed sad. "What are you looking at?' Ruby Kate asked. Pearl said her dog was led away by his new owner because she couldn't afford to raise it. Ruby Kate and her mother, Amanda, asked around and discovered that many nursing home residents are unable to afford even the smallest luxuries. SoRuby Kate decided to do something about it.She started by asking residents what three things they wanted most in the world. Amanda worried that people would ask for cars and other things an 11-year-old wouldn't be able to provide . Instead, they asked for chocolate bars, McDonald fries, pants that ft properly and even just prayer. Using heir own money, the Chitseys granted the wishes of about 100 people in three months. Then they started asking for donations.The good people of Harrison responded enthusiastically, so much so hat Amanda set up a GoFundMe page, Three Wishes for Ruby's Residents, hoping to collect %5,000. They hit their goal in a month. After GoFundMe named Ruby Kate a Kid Hero and promoted her story internationally this past January, Three Wishes raised $20,000 in 24 hours and more than $250,000 in five months.Earlier this year, Three Wishes for Ruby's Residents became a nonprofit and launched its first nationwide chapters. Ruby Kate doesn't plan to stop there. “I consider kindness to be my hobby," she says,“and I'm very good at it."24. What inspired Ruby Kate to help residents at nursing homes?A. Pearl's sadness for missing her dog.B. The kindness of residents at nursing homes.C. Many nursing home residents' lack of luxuries.D. Her experience of working in a nursing home.25. What can we learn from the passage?A. Three Wishes has set up its worldwide branches.B. The Chitseys helped satisfy the residents' wishes.C.The nursing home introduced Ruby's story around the world.D. The Chitseys are wealthy enough to afford all residents' wishes.26. What do the numbers listed in Paragraph 4 indicate?A. People were supportive.B.Ruby Kate was generous.C Raising money was quite easy. D.The programme was profitable.27. Which of the following can best describe Ruby Kate?A .Proud and enthusiastic. B.Creative and imaginative.C. Warm-hearted and selfless.D.Ambitious and modest.CNew South Wales, Australia, is setting up cameras as part of an effort to reduce the number of people preoccupied with wireless devices while they drive. It will be the first area in the world to use the technology to punish drivers distracted (分心) with telephone calls, social media or text messages.Road Safety experts are concerned about the growing number of accidents involving drivers using smart phones on the state's roads. They say drivers who use phones while driving greatly increase their chances of being involved in an accident.The New South Wales government plans to place 45 Mobile Phone Detection Cameras across the state by December. Each phone detection unit contains two cameras. One camera takes pictures of a vehicle's registration plate (牌照). A second camera looks through the front windrow of a car or truck to see what drivers are doing with their hands.The units use artificial intelligence to set aside drivers who are not touching their phones. Human beings then confirm if the pictures show illegal behavior before notice is sent to the vehicle's registered owner. A violation(违反) carries fine of $232. Some cameras will be permanently set up on roadsides. Others will be moved, from time to time, around the state.Two fixed cameras took photographs of 8.5 million vehicles as part of a six-month test earlier this year. The cameras took photos of more than 100,000 drivers with their hands on phones. One driver was using a phone and another electronic device, an Apple iPad, at the same time. Another driver had a passenger guide the vehicle while they both held phones, the state government said.28. What is the real purpose to set up cameras in New South Wale?A. To keep records of the accidents.B.To promote the latest technology.C. To find illegal behavior of the drivers.D. To force drivers to focus more on driving.29. What can we infer from the road safety experts?A. Smart-phones are main killers on the road.B. All accidents result from drivers' using cell-phones.C. Measures are badly needed to ban using phones while driving.D. Carrying a smart-phone while driving will cause an accident.30. How does the phone detection unit function effectively?A. It corrects the drivers' wrong behavior.B. It has two cameras to record the plates.C.It sends a notice to the legal diver autonomously.D.It combines artificial intelligence with hum an’s efforts.31. What did a six-month test show?A. Electronic devices could help divers indeed.B. Mary passenger helped operate the vehicles.C. Many drivers used electronic devices while driving.D. It was common to be busy with two wireless devices.DBEIJING/SAO PAULO-Chinese traditions like cockfighting, like-flying and fireworks have been quite common in Brazil for many years.Despite the thousands of kilometers between them, China's historical and artistic mark on Brazil has existed for about 300 years, said Brazilian sinologist (汉学家) Jose Roberto Teixeira Leite in his book China in Brazil. Influences from China can date from the colonial period, even up to the time after after Brazil's independence."The commercial relationship between the two countries has existed for a long time, he noted, adding that incoming ships would fill up Brazilian cities like Salvador, Rio de Janeiro and Recife with Chinese products like porcelain（瓷器）, silk and fans He also found Chinese influence not only in the arts and architecture of Brazil but also in the most diverse areas of Brazilian society, like the economy, medicine and popular culture. "At the end of the 19th century, in Pernambuco, (a state in northeastern Brazil), there was a custom that children slept with clothes decorated with Chinese dragons." Teixeira added.The book took him about 15 years to finish. "The impact of the book surprised me, though it was published by a university publisher and it had a print run of just 1,000 copies," he said.“Some have said that the book represents a turning point in Chinese studies in Brazil."Besides, the sinologist did research on the mark and presence of China in the architecture and arts of Brazil.“It was through art that China awoke in me, first, curiosity, after that, interest, and finally, passion," Teixeira said.In 1992, the sinologist visited Macao to do research for his doctoral thesis about the marksand presence of China in Brazil, and that trip impressed him a lot. In 2013, Teixeira had a chance to visit the Chinese cities of Bejing, Shenzhen and Shanghai, and got to know“the past and present of the great country culturally, as well as its incredible material development."32. What does the underlined sentence imply?A Brazilian children's love for dragons as Chinese children.B. The development of China-Brazil frequent trade cooperation.C. A further understanding of the cultures of the two countries.D. China's influence on most diverse areas of Brazilian society.33. What marks a new stage of Chinese studies for Brazilian?A. Children's clothes.B. The siniogist's traveling.C. The sinologist's book.D. China's porcelain.34. What fired the sinologist's passion for Chinese studies?A. Chinese art.B. Chinese customs.C.The history of China.D. China's development.35.What is the best title for this passage?A. The Impression of China on Sinologist.B. China and Brazil in Eyes of SinologistC. An Introduction to Sinologist's New BookD. The Future of China-Brazil Trade Relations第二节(共5小题:每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019-2020 学年三明市普通高中第一学期期末质量检测高三英语试题第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

AMiddle School Academic Summer Camp CoursesEnrichment Theme: Creative MindsAugust 15- August 27A wide variety of enrichment courses await you at R-MA’s Summer Academic Camp in the Northern Shenandoah Valley of Virginia. Come and explore the galaxy, master technology, broaden your reading base….It’s a summer that you’ll never forget!Science Explorer:Students will uses simple machines to invent Rube Goldberg challenges. Weekly creations will provide students chances to work together and think creativity with others. This course is our most popular, apply early to reserve your space!Reading & Writing:Get occupied with non-fictional text that describes some of the greatest inventors of all time. Create digital text that is both interactive and animated (交互的和动态的).History in Action:Recreate some of the most influential architectural features from the early civilizations by using everyday materials. Let your imagination head to another world with hands-on activities on a daily basis.Music:You can use our digital keyboarding software to make a variety of music Are there chances toplay instruments in space? How does it sound and What are the challenges? Learn about how music plays a role in space.Middle School Academic Enrichment. Camp FeesTuition (学费): For one two-week session:$ 645For both two-week sessions: $1180Personal account: $565Notes:* There are four periods each day and each course runs for two periods. Students can only choose one or two topics for the summer.* All courses are for enrichment only. This is a learning enrichment camp, not a summer school program. Students cannot take these courses to make up for courses failed during the normal school year.* Tuition does not include the cost of meals or uniforms. Personal account covers board, uniforms and trips.1. What do the courses focus on for students?A. Their teamwork.B. Their creativity.C. Their failed courses.D. Their school grades.2. How much will Steven pay for both History in Action and Music in total?A. $1180.B. $1210.C. $1290.D. $1745.3. What will students have the chance to do at the Summer Camp?A. Play various musical instruments.B. Turn ancient materials into products.C. Invent some stories about great scientists.D. Explore some simple machines for challenges.【答案】1. B 2. D 3. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。

2019-2020学年三明市第一中学高三英语期末考试试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AAmid the coronavirus outbreak, the U. S. Department of Homeland Security recommends having at least a two - week supply of water and food.PotatoesShelf life：2 to 5 weeks if stored in a cool, dry, dark placeYukon Gold, red, and fingerling potatoes will last from two to three weeks. Larger white potatoes can last for three to five weeks. Sweet potatoes have about the same shelf life. Don't store them next to onions, however. The two might go together well in cooking, but raw, each gives off gases and moisture that might cause the other to spoil faster.Tea※Shelf life：6 to 12 months past "sell - by" dateDried tea leaves, whether loose (in a sealed container) or in teabags (in an unopened box) can easily last a year or more if they' re not subjected to damp or humidity. However, the tea does tend to lose flavor over time.Peanuts● Shelf life：1 to 2 monthsPeanuts in their shell, especially when kept cool and dry, are perfectly happy in the cupboard for as long as two months.Canned fruits and vegetables● Shelf life：1 to 2 years past "sell - by” dateCanningis an extremely efficient means of preserving food. Generally speaking, if canned foods aren't subjected to extreme heat, their contents should stay good for two years or more. Be aware, however, of dented cans or those with swollen tops, which may indicate the presence of bacteria inside.1. Which can go bad faster if stored with onions?A. Potatoes.B. Tea.C. Peanuts.D. Canned fruits and vegetables.2. What is special about tea?A. The flavor of tea can always remain the same.B. Tea leaves are better to be preserved in an open jar.C. Tea leaves should be kept away from the state of being wet.D. The maximum length of time that tea can be stored is 6 months.3. What may shorten the "sell - by” date of canned foods ?A. Shapes of cans.B. Categories of foods.C. Decline of the temperature.D. Exposure to high temperature.BIn the past, most people received their news from newspapers, magazines, radio and TV. But now, almost anyone can report and publish on the Internet and share it as news through social media. But the problemis that not all of the information is true and not all of the reporting is trustworthy.Howard Schneider, a former editor of the newspapersNewsday,started the Center for News Literacy (素养) at Stony Book University in 2007. The center has multiple projects, but the most famous one is a course to teach news literacy. The course trains students to look for various details that may indicate the truth of the story.Michelle Sheng is a third-year student at theUniversityofMichigan. Sheng finds that students either just stop reading the news or only take news from one source that they trust. "A lot of people are tired of the news. People are too busy to keep up with the news, and it is really easy to take whatever news is given to you because you don’t have the time to figure it out yourself,“ she says.For her part, Sheng recently created a digital exhibit for the university library of images to educate students on steps they can take to better analyze the news.It is important to educate an even larger audience, beyond American university students. The Center for News Literacy has developed teaching resources, as well as a free online news literacy course. It is also trying to reach a younger audience. It has partnered with several secondary schools in the American state ofNew Yorkto teach news literacy.People should research and confirm what they read online. However, to change human behavior is a difficult thing, but that really is the only thing that is going to help. The biggest problem is not getting people to be able to recognize bad journalism or false news, but getting people to want to recognize it. Our brains are wired to the Internet to seek out information that agrees with our current beliefs.4. What’s purpose of the course “News Literacy”？A. To get rid of false information on the Internet.B. To make people realize the risk on the Internet.C. To train students to tell true information from the false.D. To teach students good habits of using information online.5. Why do students have difficulty judging the truth of news?A. They are too lazy.B. They are bored with news.C. They lack news resources.D. They lack time to check its realness.6. What does the Center try to do besides teaching university students?A. Educate the public.B. Improve the service online.C. Prevent children going online.D. Set up several secondary schools.7. What did the author suggest doing to solve the problem of false news?A. Believing whatever you see.B. Changing human behaviors.C. Questioning all the news online.D. Only trusting reliable information.CMore than 10,000 people were made homeless in Ternang when the Sungai Mas overflowed its banks yesterday after six days of continuous heavy rain.The wooden bridge across the river has been washed away. The town is cut off by flood waters. At the fifth mile, Jalan Tengkn, the water is two meters deep. It is closed to all traffic. Flooding first happened at mid-afternoon yesterday along the river banks. People trying to get to higher ground were just in time to escape the destroying of the flood. Most of the flood victims(受害者) had to leave all their things behind.The National Flood Relief(救济) Center was reported to give its help and by early evening the whole town was moved out, helped by the army, police, Red Cross Society and volunteers(志愿者).The flood victims are now housed in different simple relief centers in the nearby town of Ternang. “Everything possible is being done to help the unlucky people,” a government spokesman said, “In fact, money, food and clothing have begun to come in from public organizations and helpful people. A Disaster Relief Fund(救灾基金会) will be started as soon as possible.”According to the latest reports it is still raining heavily at Ternang. The whole town is expected to be wholly covered by the water. So far no deaths have been reported.8. This passage is probably taken from______.A. a storybookB. a textbookC. a magazineD. a newspaper9. It seems that the flood happened just because ______.A. the banks were too lowB. the wooden bridge is solid (坚固)C. the river was too narrowD. they had had wet days for some time10.From the passage we know that ______.A. though the town was flooded, you could still go there by busB. as soon as the water flowed over the banks, people began to go to higher landsC. the government and the whole society are taking great care of the flood victimsD. the flood hasn't brought a large loss to the town as nobody died in the flood11. What is the best title for this passage?A. A Big FloodB. Ternang Is destroyedC. Over 10,000 People Are HomelessD. Rescue Team ArrivedDLosing your ability to think and remember is pretty frightening. We know the risk of dementia (痴呆症) increases with age. But if you have memory slips you probably needn’t worry. There are pretty clear differences between signs of dementia and age-related memory loss.After age 50, it’s quite common to have trouble remembering the namesof people, places and things quickly, says Dr. Kirk Daffner of Brigham and Women’s Hospital inBoston.The brain ages just like the rest of the body. Certain parts become smaller, especially areas in the brain that are important to learning, memory and planning. Changes in brain cells can affect communication between different regions of the brain. And blood flow can be reduced as blood vessels narrow.Forgetting the name of an actor in a favorite movie, for example, is nothing to worry about. But if you forget the plot of the movie or don’t remember even seeing it, that’s far more concerning, Daffner says.When you forget entire experiences, he says, that’s “a red flag that something more serious may be involved”. Forgetting how to operate a familiar object like a microwave oven, or forgetting how to drive to the house of afriend you’ve visited many times before can also be signs of something going wrongBut even then, Daffner says, people shouldn’t panic. There are many things that can cause confusion andmemory loss, including health problems like temporary stoppage of breathing during sleep, high blood pressure, or depression, as well as medications (药物) like antidepressants.You don’t have to figure this out on your own. Daffner suggests going to your doctor to check on medications, health problems and other issues that could be affecting memory. And the best defense against memory loss is to try to prevent it by building up your brain’s cognitive(认知的) reserve, Daffner says.“Read books, go to movies, take on new hobbies or activities that force one to think in novel ways, ” he says. In other words, keep your brain busy and working. And also get physically active, because exercise is a known brain booster12. Why does the author say that one needn’t be concerned about memory slips?A. Not all of them are related to one’s age.B. Not all of them are symptoms of dementia.C. They occur only among certain groups of people.D. They are quite common among fifty-year-old people.13. Which memory-related symptom should people take seriouslyA. Totally forgetting how to do one’s daily routines.B. Inability to recall details of one’s life experiencesC. Failure to remember the names of movies or actorsD. Occasionally confusing the addresses of one’s friends.14. What should people do when signs of serious memory loss show up?A. Check the brain’s cognitive reserve.B. Stop medications affecting memory.C. Turn to a professional for assistance.D. Exercise to improve their well-being15. What is Dr. Daffner’s advice forfight against memory loss?A. Having regular physical and mental checkups.B. Taking medicine that helps boost one’s brain.C. Engaging in known memory repair activities.D. Staying active both physically and mentally第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019-2020学年三明市第九中学高三英语上学期期末试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIt was a weeknight and one of my twin daughters marched into the room, waving a book she'd finished. “Dad, why are books with science in them always about boys?” she asked.I told her that simply wasn't true; there were loads of great science fictions with girls in them. She agreed, but argued that in those stories it was the boys who were doing science, and the girls were justalong for the ride. My other daughter took her sister's side and challenged me to give an example.This left me in a difficult position. I could either go through our library to point out some wonderful examples of female-led science fictions, or just admit they were right and remain in my comfortable chair.I've been asked several times how I came up with the idea forA Problematic Paradoxand my answer is always the same: it came to me in a moment of inspiration. I like that answer because it's simple and makes me seem very creative. The fact that this explanation is not true bothers me from time to time. Here's the truth: the story wasn't my idea. It was my daughters who suggested I write something for them that had a girl doing science.My daughters were at an age when many young women turn away from STEM (science, technology, engineering, and math), believing those areas of study unfriendly or out-of-the-norm for girls. I also read about how important role models can be to young people. It's one thing to tell a person they can do something, but seeing someone like them doing that thing can be more powerful.So, I kept two guidelines for the book in mind: First, the story had to be fun for anyone, because it's as important for boys to understand that science is for everyone. Second, I wanted the main character, Nikola, to be imperfect. She should be someone with shortcomings as we all have. I think this not only makes a story more interesting to read, but also helps make it clear that the most extraordinary things can be done by ordinary people.1. What does the underlined phrase “along for the ride” in paragraph 2 probably mean?A. Entering a bike race.B. Offering vital help.C. Doing unimportant things.D. Playing the leading role.2. What do we know about the bookA Problematic Paradox1?A. Its main character is perfect.B. It is a female-led science fiction.C. It is intended to appeal to girls only.D. Its idea comes from the author's inspiration.3. Which of the following best describes the author's book?A. Serious and abstract.B. Simple and practical.C. Creative and well-organized.D. Inspiring and interesting.BOne billion people in the world are short of water. How can this problem be solved. Some suggestions have been to desalinate ocean water or to build enormous water pipelines from areas where water is abundant. (Suggestions such as these prove extremely expensive when they are actually used.) One possibility that scientists are considering is pulling icebergs from either the North Pole or the South Pole to parts of the world with a water shortage. Although many questions must be answered before such a project could be tried, moving icebergs seems a reasonable possibility in the future.Engineers, mathematicians, and glaciologists from a dozen countries have been considering the iceberg as a future source of water. Saudi Arabia is particularly interested in this project because it has a great water shortage. Scientists estimate that it would take 128 days to transport a large iceberg (about 1/2 square mile) to Saudi Arabia. Yet the iceberg would be completely melted by the 104th day. Therefore, insulation would be essential, but how to insulate the iceberg remains an unsolved problem.The problems in transporting an iceberg are numerous. The first problem is choosing the iceberg to pull. The icebergs that form in the North Pole are quite difficult to handle because of their shape. Only a small portion extends above the water — most of the iceberg is below the surface, which would make it difficult to pull. South Pole icebergs, on the other hand, are flat and float like table tops. Thus they would be much easier to move.How can a 200-million-ton iceberg be moved. No ship is strong enough to pull such enormous weight through the water. Perhaps several ships could be used. Attaching ropes to an iceberg this size is also an enormous problem. Engineers think that large nails or long metal rods could be driven into the ice. What would happen if the iceberg splits into several pieces during the pulling. Even if an iceberg with very few cracks were chosen, how could it be pulled through stormy waters. Furthermore, once the iceberg reached its destination, very few ports would be deep enough to store it.All of these problems must be solved before icebergs can become a reasonable source of water. Yet scientists estimate that it will be possible to transport them in the near future. Each year, enough icebergs form to supply the whole world with fresh water for a full year. In addition, icebergs are free and nonpolluting. As a solution to the world’s water problems, icebergs may be a workable possibility.4. What is a problem in transporting iceberg?A. The size of the iceberg.B. The colour of the iceberg.C. The salt in the iceberg.D. The movement of air and water.5. What is the author’ attitude towards transporting iceberg?A. Pessimistic.B. Objective.C. Optimistic.D. Unconcerned.6. What does the last paragraph mainly tell us?A. It is hard to use iceberg.B. Iceberg are a good choice.C. There are problems with iceberg.D. Man finds no other ways to solve water shortage.7. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Shortage of water.B. Icebergs for water.C. Scientists and icebergs.D. Iceberg—scientists headache.CA North Atlantic right whale calf(幼崽) was discovered dead on the beach of an island off North Carolina. The male newborn was found on North Core Banks, part of the Cape Lookout National Seashore. The reports indicate that the animal died during birth or shortly after, according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration(NOAA). Scientists took DNA to determine the calf’s mother.This is the beginning of the right whale’s reproduction(繁殖) season, which begins mid-November and runs through mid-April. NOAA called this death a disastrous start to the season. Each new right whale calf brings so much hope for this badly endangered animals, and losses like this have a great impact on their recovery, NOAA said.The right whale is one of the rarest marine mammals(哺乳动物) in the world, according to NOAA. They will soon be extinct unless something is done to save it, researchers warn. This kind of whale has been experiencing an Unusual Death Event over the past three years, according to NOAA. Since 2017, at least 32 dead and 13 seriously wounded whales have been documented by the organization. “This means more than 10 percent of the remaining population,” according to NOAA.NOAA posted a piece of news on Monday, the same day they announced the calf’s death, warning boaters to be watchful as the whales are migrating(迁徙) nearly 1,000 miles along the Atlantic Coast. The organization calls for boaters to be watchful, slow down and to give these endangered whales plenty of room. They also ask allfishermen to remove their unused nets from the ocean to help avoid possibledamage.8. Why did scientists take DNA of the calf?A. To save its mother.B. To confirm its identity.C. To determine the time of its death.D. To uncover the cause of its death.9. How many right whales are left according to the passage?A. About 40.B. About 50.C. About 400.D. About 500.10. What do we know aboutNorth Atlanticright whales?A. Their reproduction season usually last about half a year.B. They are the rarest marine mammals in the world.C. They are experiencing a high death rate of newborns.D. Their habitat runs nearly 1,000 miles along the coast.11. What’s the main purpose of the news posted on Monday?A. To announce the calf’s unusual death.B. To remind boaters to watch the whales.C. To protect the boats against the whales.D. To assist the whales’ seasonal migration.DTofight for the conservation of forest ecosystem, several ecologists including Daniel Janzen convinced Del Oro, an orange juice producer, to donate part of their forestland to a national park. In return, Del Oro was allowed to throw large amounts of waste in the form of orangepeels(皮) on a 3-hectare piece of land within the national park at no cost. Dealing with tons of leftover peels usually involved burning them or paying to have them poured into a landfill, so the proposal was very attractive.But a year later, another juice company challenged the deal in court, arguing that their competitor was "polluting a national park". They ended up winning, and the deal between Del Oro and the national park fell through.Then in 2013, while discussing possible research avenues（途径，手段）with Timothy Treuer, Daniel Janzen mentioned the orange story. Feeling interested, Treuer decided to stop by that piece of land that had been covered with fruit waste 15 years earlier. What he found shocked him."While I would walk over exposed rock and dead grass in the nearby fields, I'd have to climb throughundergrowth and cut paths through walls ofvines(藤) in the orange peel site itself," said Timothy Treuer.Treuer and his team spent months picking upsamples(样品), analyzing and comparing them. They found great differences between the areas covered with orange peels and those that were not. The area withorange waste had richer soil.The effect that the orange peels had on the land is probably not that surprising to people familiar withcomposting(施肥), but what is really shocking is that a judge actually thought the waste of orange "mined" a national parkand stopped it from going forward. Now that Timothy Treuer's study has received worldwide attention, this type of "ruining" is being seriously considered as a way of bringing forests back to life.12. What did Del Oro usually do with orange peels?A. Add them to fuel.B. Feed them to animals.C. Burn or bury them.D. Make them into cakes.13. What can we know about the deal between Del Oro and the national park?A. It lasted 15 years.B. It was signed by Treuer.C. It was made in about 1998.D. It was broken by Del Oro.14. What was Treuer's finding?A. Orange peels contain much fibre.B. Orange peels can make soil richer.C. Orange peels rot away in a short time.D. Orange waste ruined the national park.15. What is the author's attitude toward the judge mentioned in the last paragraph?A. Disapproving.B. Positive.C. Worried.D. Admirable.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019-2020学年三明市第一中学高三英语上学期期末试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AYou have to praise the smoothness（顺畅）of ants on the move. No matter how many of them are going toward a place, there's never a hold-up. A new research paper shows how ants keep traffic flowing by changing their behavior to meet changing conditions.For their experiments, researchers from the University of Toulouse focused on Argentine ants, animals that often move from colony（群落）to colony depending on where the food is. Making use of Argentine ants' talent for fast travel, the researchers built bridges connecting their colonies. The bridges were different in width from a fifth to three-quarters of an inch. The colonies, too, were of different sizes, ranging from 400 to more than 25,000 ants.Then the researchers sat back andmonitoredthe traffic. To their surprise, even when those narrower bridges were full of ants, there were no "traffic accidents". "When the number of ants on the bridge increased, ants seemed to be able to understand the situation and adjusted（调整）their speed accordingly to avoid making the traffic flow stop. "the authors note. "Moreover, ants avoided entering a busy road and made sure that the bridge was never too packed to cross.”The lesson for humans? The traffic problem may lie in our inability to adjust our driving habits for the good of the whole. Driving is fun when there are few cars on the road. Then the traffic moves very slowly. And yet, some impatient driver still acts like he's alone on the road.The research suggests that projects, like the ever-widening of highways, may never free us from traffic jams. As long as we drive along with our own habits, no matter how many other people are on the road, we'll always end up in a traffic jam. Indeed, less space may actually be a good thing. It leaves less room for individual choice and forces us to take a page from the driving book of ants.1. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?A. The results of the experiments.B. The purpose of the experimentsC. The preparation of the experiments.D. The requirements of the experiments2. What does the underlined word "monitor" in paragraph 3 probably mean?A. watch and check.B. seek and improveC. design and planD. discuss and practise3. What is the best title for the text?A. Is widening highways a solution?B. Why don't ants need traffic lights?C. Can we learn safe driving from ants?D. What can ants teach us about traffic jams?BIt was very cold and I had been watching a homeless man make himself comfortable in a “shelter” on the river bank. His “shelter” was a tarpaulin (油布)tied to rocks to keep the wind from blowing it away. He had been living there for over a month. I never saw him with warm clothing or food. I knew what I wanted to do.When I told my parents what I wanted to do they werealarmed. They said I could be putting myself at risk, taking a box to a homeless person at night! But I knew, in my deep heart, that I would be safe.I got a box. My parents watched as I added warm gloves, a heavy blanket ... into the box until it was full! Then, I put a Christmas card on top. It said, “Even though we hardly know each other, I want to wish you a Merry Christmas!” I put ten one-dollar bills inside it as well.My father insisted he went there with me as it was 10 pm on Christmas Eve. I said he could drive me but he had to stay in the car. He agreed.I took the box and walked towards his “house”. I called, “Sir, I have a Christmas box for you!”“Go away!” he shouted.“Sir,” I repeated.“Go away!” he shouted.“Why?” I asked him.He walked over and I expected to see an angry face. Instead I saw two of the most beautiful, gentle, blue eyes I have ever seen.“Merry Christmas!” I said.“Why are you doing this?” he asked.“Because you matter to me,” I said. With that I gave him the box.Tears came to his eyes and he thanked me. I got back to the car and watched him carry the box like it was filled with gold. I didn’t want to embarrass (使困窘) him by watching him any more so Dad and I left.4. The underlined word “alarmed” can best be replaced by _____.A. pleasedB. worriedC. disappointedD. surprised5. Why did the author ask his father to stay in the car?A. Because he wanted to prove he was brave.B. Because he believed the homeless man was bad.C. Because he wanted to protect his father from being hurt.D. Because he didn’t want the homeless man to feel bad.6. When the homeless man saw the author first, he was _____.A. quite angryB. very excitedC. quite puzzledD. very curious7. The author’s purpose in writing the text is to tell readers that _____.A. it is easier said than doneB. poverty is the mother of healthC. where there is a will, there is a wayD. a willing helper doesnot wait until he is askedCTrees are “social creature” that communicate with each other in cooperative ways that hold lessons for humans, too, ecologist Suzanne Simard says. Simard grew up in Canadian forests as a child of loggers before becoming an ecologist. She's now a professor of forest ecology at theUniversityofBritish Columbia.Trees are linked to neighboring trees by a network of fungi below the surface of the earth that resembles the nervous networks in the brain, she explains. In one study, Simard watched as a Douglas fir tree that had been injured by insects appeared to send chemical warning signals to a pine nearby. The pine tree then produced defense enzymes to protect against the insect.“This was a breakthrough,” Simard says. The trees were sharing “information that actually is important to the health of the whole forest.”In addition to warning each other of danger, Simard says that trees have been known to share nutrients at critical times to keep each other healthy. She says the trees in a forest are often linked to each other via an older tree she calls a “mother” or “hub” tree.“In connecting with all the trees of different ages, the mother trees can actually ease the growth of these young trees,” she says. “The young trees will link into the network of the old trees and benefit from that huge resource capacity. And the old trees would also pass a little bit of carbon and nutrients and water to the youngtrees, at crucial times in their lives, that actually help them survive.”The study of trees took on a new resonance for Simard when she suffered from breast cancer. During her treatment, she learned that one of the medicines she relied on was actually obtained from what some trees produce for their own mutual defense. She explains her research on cooperation in the forest, and shares her personal story in the new bookFinding the Mother Tree: Discovering the Wisdom of theForest.8. How could a Douglas fir tree send chemical warning signals to a pine nearby?A. By an underground network of fungi.B. By the nervous networks in the brain.C. By making cooperation with each other.D. By holding lessons to it as human beings.9. According to Simard, what was a breakthrough?A. Simard was-brought up in Canadian forests.B. She became a professor of forest ecology.C. The pine tree produced defense enzymes.D. Vital information was shared among trees.10. What helped Simard understand trees further?A. Her rich knowledge of trees.B. Her childhood in the forest.C. Her medicine gained from trees.D. Her research on cooperation.11. In Simard's book we may discover the wisdom of the forest except .A. communicating cooperativelyB. warning each other of dangerC. sharing nutrientsat critical timesD. sacrificing mother trees for survivalDIt's a popular belief that a fish's memory lasts for only seven seconds. It may seem sad to think that they don't remember what they've eaten or where they’ve been, and they don't identify you or any of their friends--every moment intheir life would be like seeing the world for the first time.But don't be so quick to feel sorry for them. A new study has found that fish have a much better memory than we used to think. In fact, certain species of fish can even remember events from as long as 12 days ago. In the study, researchers from Mac Ewan University in Canada trained a kind of fish called African cichlids to go to a certain area of their tank to get food.They then waited for 12 days before putting them back in the tank again. Researchers used computer software to monitor the fish’s movements.They found that after such a long break thefish still went to the same place where they first got food. This suggested that they could remember their past experiences.In fact. scientists had been thinking for a long time that African cichlids might have a good memory. An earlier study showed that they behaved aggressively(挑衅地) in front of certain fish, perhaps because they remembered their past "fights".But until the latest findings, there was no clear evidence.Just as a good memory can make our lives easier, it also plays an important part when a fish is trying to survivein the wild. "If fish are able to remember that a certain area contains safe food, they will be able to go back to that area without putting their lives at risk,"lead researcher Trevor Hamilton told Live Science.For a long time, fish were placed far below chimpanzees, dolphins and mice on the list of smart animals.But this study has given scientists a new understanding of their intelligence.12. According to the text, people commonly believe that ______.A. fish don't recognize any of their friendsB. a fish's memory lasts for only seven minutesC. fish can only remember part of their past experiencesD. fish can remember things that happened long ago13. How can fish benefit most from a good memory?A. They can remember their enemies and fight.B. They can remember where to get food and survive.C. They can remember their friends and help each other.D. They can remember where to go when in danger.14. What can we learn from the text?A. Only African cichlids have a good memory.B. African cichlids can remember things for 12 days.C. African cichlids always treat other fish aggressively.D. African cichlids don't belong to the list of smart animals.15. What is the text mainly about?A. What we can learn from fish.B. Fish having a very bad memory.C. How fish improve their memory.D. Fish being smarter than we thought.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019-2020学年三明市第九中学高三英语上学期期末考试试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AI once taught in a small private school. Each morning at nine o’clock all the students, ranging in age from three to seven years old, gathered in the Great Room for a warm-up in preparation for the day.One morning the headmistress made an announcement to all the children gathered,“Today we begin a great experiment of the mind.” She held up two ivy(常春藤) plants, each potted in an identical container. She continued, “Do they look the same?”All the children nodded. So did I, for, in this way, I was alsoa child.“We will give the plants the same amount of light, the same amount of water, but not the same amount of attention,” She said. “Together we are going to see what will happen when we put one plant in the kitchen away from our attention and the other plant right here in this room. Each day for the next month, we shall sing to our plant in the Great Room and tell it how much we love it, and how beautiful it is. We will use our good minds to think good thoughts about it.”Four weeks later my eyes were as wide and disbelieving as the children’s. The kitchen plant was leggy and sick-looking, and it hadn’t grown at all. But the Great Room plant, which had been sung to and surrounded by positive thoughts and words, had increased threefold in size with dark leaves that were filled with energy.In order to prove the experiment, the kitchen ivy was brought to the Great Room to join the other ivy. Within three weeks, the second plant had caught up with the first ivy. Within four weeks, they could not be distinguished, one from the other.I took this lesson to heart and made it my own.1. Why did the headmistress do the experiment?A. She wanted to teach me a lesson.B. She expected the students to learn to grow plants.C. She meant to prove the impact of good minds on growth.D. She intended to show students how to save a sick-looking plant.2. What happened to the ivy in the kitchen at last?A. It stopped growing and died.B. It was leggy and sick with dark leaves.C. It looked almost the same as the other one.D. It grew better than the one in the Great Room.3. What can be a suitable title for the passage?A. Life Means GrowthB. Things Grow with LoveC. Equality Makes a DifferenceD. Positive Thoughts Really CountBIn someareas ofCalifornia, it’s so dry that farmers aren’t willing to plant crops this season. Growers, north ofSan Francisco, have begun pulling out of local farmers markets.CountyLineHarvest, which farms more than 30 acres inPetaluma, hasn’t had enough water to grow all the peppers, lettuces and other produce for a long time, according to a video on its Instagram page. Nearby farms arc saying the same, emphasizing (强调) the effect of theextendeddry periods.Californiagrows a third of theUnited States' vegetables and two-thirds of the nation's fruits and nuts. If dry weather prevents farmers from growing plants, that could lead to pushing up the price of food that's already starting to affect theU.S.economy.“Due to severe drought, for the first time in 21 years, we will not be able to grow this summer inPetaluma,"CountyLinesaid in its post.Drew Lerner, president of World Weather Inc. inKansas, saidCalifornia“missed the rainy season" and won't see much moisture (水分) over the next several months.A La Nina weather pattern in the Pacific pushed winter storms north and away from the state, leaving it with less moisture than usual. AsCaliforniagets most of its water from winter storms, little relief is expected before October.That has left growers such as Shao Shan Fann in a bind. The business can’t offer the selection of Asian vegetables and Bay Area staples it usually grows at its Bolinas location, according to its website.Nearby, Green Valley Community Farm has access to only about 5% of the water it usually relies on, owner David Plescia said. He’s looking for new land with enough water to use, and also has a permit in the works to grow cannabis to make up for the lost income. If it doesn’t make it, he’ll leave the fields empty.“It’s part of our generation’s cross to bear, figuring out how to run small — or medium-scale farm businesses in this kind of atmosphere of highly variable rainfall,” Andrew said.4. What does the underlined word “extended” in the second paragraph mean?A. Hot.B. Short.C. Long.D. Wonderful.5. Which is the result if the dry weather stops famers from planting crops?A. Theincreaseinthe priceof food.B. The growth of economy inU.S.C.Lessmoisture than usual.D. The low price of Asian vegetables.6. From what Andrew said, we can infer (推断) all of the following statements EXCEPT that________.A. The climate is not very goodB. It is part of the burden for people of his generationC. It is hard for him to run his farm businesses insuch bad climateD. He is sure that the serious drought will come to an end soon7. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. How do the famers run businesses inCalifornia.B. How does the owner look for new land with enough waterC. California farmers facing drought choose not to plant crops.D. The farm economy of theUnited Stateshas changed a lot.CElizabeth Spelke, a cognitive psychologist at Harvard, has spent her career testing the world’s most complex learning system-the mind of a baby. Babies might seem like no match for artificial intelligence (AI). They are terrible at labeling images, hopeless at mining text, and awful at video games. Then again, babies can do things beyond the reach of any AI. By just a few months old, they’ve begun to grasp the foundations of language, such as grammar. They’ve started to understand how to adapt to unfamiliar situations.Yet even experts like Spelke don’t understand precisely how babies or adults learn. Consider one of the most impressive examples of AI, Alpha Zero, a programme that plays board games with superhuman skill. After playing thousands of games against itself at a super speed, and learning from winning positions, Alpha Zero independently discovered several famous chess strategies and even invented new ones. It certainly seems like a machineeclipsinghuman cognitive abilities. But Alpha Zero needs to play millions more games than a person during practice to learn a game. Most importantly, it cannot take what it has learned from the game and apply it to another area.To some AI experts, that calls for a new approach. In a November research paper, Francois Chollet, a well-known AI engineer, argued that it’s misguided to measure machine intelligence just according to its skills at specific tasks. “Humans don’t start out with skills; they start out with a broad ability to acquire new skills,” he says. “What a strong human chess player is demonstrating is not only the ability to play chess, but the potential to fulfill any task of a similar difficulty.”8. Compared to an advanced AI programme, a baby might be better at ________.A playing games B. identifying locations C. labeling pictures D. making adjustments9. What does the underlined word “eclipsing” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Imitating.B. Beating.C. Limiting.D. Promoting.10. According to the text, Francois Chollet may agree that ________.A. AI is good at completing certain assignments.B. AI is likely to gain abilities with less training.C. AI lacks the ability of acquiring specific skills.D. AI performs better than humans in cognitive ability.11. Whichwould be the best title for this passage?A. What is exactly intelligence?B. Why is modern AI advanced?C. Where is human intelligence going?D. How do humans face the challenge of AI?DGrowing up as kids we are told to share our toys and notto be selfish. We also live in an age when discussing our feelings is encouraged. But when does it all become too much? With new crazes trending all the time, such as dance challenges and wearing a carpet as a dress, the question is: when can sharing become oversharing on social media?“Oversharing” has become associated with social media, but it isn'texclusiveto this platform. Imagine you head to a party and meet x k w someone. Within five minutes they have revealed private details about their life. While some of us may try to escape these people, according to marriage advisor Carolyn Cole, this form of oversharing could come from a strong desire to connect with someone. But how does this translate to social media?Dr. Christopher Hand, a lecturer in cyberpsychology (网络心理学），says the more details people disclose, the less sympathy we express when things go wrong. It seems that searching for sympathy by oversharing is generallyconsidered as negative rather than the cry for help it could really be.However, Dr. Hand's research also seems to suggest that the more we post on a platform, the more socially attractive we become-provided that the posts that we bang out are positive. Even back in 2015, Gwendolyn Seidman PhD said that we should avoid complaining and being negative online. We should also avoid showing off, especially about our love lives. It makes sense-if your date is going “that well", would you really have time to share a photo with text?So, how can you know if you are oversharing? Well, why not ask your friends in real life. They would probably be happy to tell you if your posts about your breakfast or your complaints about your lack of money really are too much.12. What does the underlined word “exclusive" in paragraph 2 mean?A. Unique.B. Similar.C. Relevant.D. Fundamental.13. Why do some people prefer oversharing at parties?A. To draw others' attention.B. To satisfy others' curiosity.C. To remove negative feelings.D. To develop good relationships.14. Which of the following may Dr. Hand agree with?A. Sharing more details online can attract more sympathy.B. Oversharing negative experiences is equal to crying for help.C. Sharing negative posts can't help one become socially attractive.D. Oversharing isn't likely to happen online when things go wrong.15. According to the text, what should be avoided for online sharing?A. Reflecting on past bad manners.B. Showing a great many expensive goods.C. Writing a recipe for a balanced breakfast.D. Recording unforgettable moments with friends.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019-2020学年三明市第十一中学高三英语上学期期末试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ASwimming Holes in AmericaIn America, these secret swimming holes are hidden and hard to reach but well worth the adventure.Cummins FallsLooking for the best place to escape the summer heat in the heartland of America? For more than 100 years, Cummins Falls, a scenic,75-foot waterfall located in Jackson County, TN, has been a treasure for Tennessee natives. But now, the secret is out! Although it’s a bit tough to get to, once in the park, the mountains and river provide unmatched beauty on your way to taking a swim in Tennessee's eighth-largest waterfall.Sliding RockA popular place to cool off during those hot North Carolina summers, Sliding Rock waterfall is located in the Pisgah National Forest in Transylvania County. A flattened rock about 60 feet lies in a nearly 7-foot-deep pool at the bottom, making this natural waterslide a great place to visit with people of all ages.Mooney FallsIt is the tallest water feature in the Grand Canyon, rising 190 feet above the surface. Named after an explorer in the 1800s, Mooney Falls is accessible only by crawling（爬）through 2 underground passages and then climbing down a sheer cliff（峭壁）face with just a couple of chains to hold on to. Although it is tough to get to, the view and the cool alone make it worth the trip.Lihue EstateA private swimming hole at the old Lihue Sugar Farm on Kauai, HI, was changed into an inner-tube water ride by Kauai Backcountry Adventures in 2003 and opened to adults. The waters for this 2.5-mile journey, which come from near the top of Mount Waialeale—one of the wettest spots in the world—are channeled through ditches（沟渠）that were hand-dug by farm workers over a century ago.1. Which hole may be the favourable destination for families?A. Lihue Estate.B. Sliding Rock.C. Mooney Falls.D. Cummins Falls.2. What can we learn about Mooney Falls from the text?A. It wasfound by an explorer.B. It was hand-dug in the 1800s.C. It is dangerous to arrive there.D. It is the tallest fall in the world.3. What is special about Lihue Estate?A. It is man-made.B. It is a private area.C. Its water is from underground.D. It lies on the top of Mount WaialealeBSelf-esteem is an abstract concept, which refers to people’s beliefs about their own worth and value. American psychologist Abraham Maslow thought self-esteem was a basic human need and included self-esteem in his hierarchy of human needs. He described two different forms of “esteem”: the need for respect from others in the form of recognition, success, and admiration, and the need for self-respect in the form of self-love, self-confidence, and skill. Respect from others was believed to be more fragile and easily lost than inner self-esteem. According to Maslow, without the fulfillment of the self-esteem need, individuals will be driven to seek it and unable to grow and obtain self-realization.Basically, high self-esteem is achieved through a series of real accomplishments, which is good for people. However, the excessive high self-esteem, based more on a sense of entitlement than on any accomplishment, is considered to be less psychologically healthy. And just as self-esteem can be too high, it can also be “under-inflated”. Those having poor self-esteem do have a basis for feeling good about themselves but they may not recognize their accomplishments and actions as meaningful.To appreciate what it would be like to have high self-esteem, one can consider how they may feel about things in their lives that they value. For instance, some people really like cars. They take good care of their cars. They may even decorate the car and then show it off to other people with pride. Similarly, people with high self-esteem love, care for and feel proud of themselves. Take children for example. When they have high self-esteem, they believe they are valuable and important. They enjoy different activities and can handle criticism easily without taking it personally.People need to develop positive self-esteem. This can convince them they deserve happiness. Besides, the development of positive self-esteem increases the capacity to treat other people with respect, thus favoring a variety of interpersonal relationships and avoiding destructive ones.4. What can we infer from Abraham Maslow’s theory about self-esteem?A. Self-esteem ensures us a successful life.B. Self-esteem is essential to self-realization.C. Self-esteem means little to psychological health.D. Others’ respect is more important than self-respect.5. What does the underlined word “under-inflated” in paragraph 2 mean?A. Adequate.B. Insufficient.C. Moderate.D. Lifelong.6. How does the author explain the feelings of having high self-esteem?A. By giving examples.B. By analyzing causes.C. By providing figures.D. By making contrasts.7. Which of the following does the author support?A. Self-esteem ultimately leads to happiness.B. Self-esteem earns you respect from others.C. Positive self-esteem benefits people’s social lives.D. Positive self-esteem helps people out of difficulties.CThe term "bird brain" is frequently used to describe a person's lack of intelligence and good decision-making ability. However, some scientists believe it should be considered a praise, given that many birds can perform human tasks like producing and using tools, solving problems, and planning for future needs. Now,Griffin, an African Grey parrot, has proved that birds may even possess better visual memories than human adults and children.The study, led by Hrag Pailian, a researcher at Harvard University, had the parrot compete in the game against twenty-one undergraduate students and twenty-one 6 to 8-year-old children. The popular challenge involves hiding a small object under one of three or more upside-down cups, which are moved around. Participants are required to accurately identify the cup under which the object lies. To make the task more challenging, the researchers required participants to track two, three, and four objects at the same time.An analysis of the results showed thatGriffinoutperformed the 6 to 8-year-olds across all levels on average. Even more impressive, the "bird brain" performed as well as, or slightly better than, the 21 Harvard students on 12 of the 14 trials! It was only in the final two tests, which had the most objects and most movement, that the parrot fell behind the adults. However,Griffin's performance was never below that of the children.Griffinwas the candidate of choice because the scientists needed an animal that had a brain functionality similar to that of humans. "The fact that the smart parrot loves to show off his brain power in exchange for a few cashews (腰果) did not hurt either", said Irene Pepperberg, a Harvard lecturer, who has trained Griffin and severalother African Grey parrots, has been studying the species for over four decades and is considered a pioneer in the study of bird intelligence.8. Whatwere the participants required to do in the study?A. Identify different kinds of objects.B. Tell where the hidden object lies.C. Track other participants' performance.D. Move around upside-down cups.9. What did the results of the study indicate?A. 6 to 8-year-olds did better thanGriffin.B. Parrots have a better memory than other birds.C. Harvard students have a better visual memory.D.Griffinoutsmarted Harvard students in some trials.10. Why wasGriffinchosen for the experiment?A. It was good at making decisions.B. It was specially trained for experiments.C. It had similar brain functions to human beings.D. It loved to show off his language power for some treats.11. What is the best title for the text?A. "Bird brain" becomes a term for a stupid person.B. Harvard lecturer pioneers in bird intelligence study.C. Parrot outsmarted Harvard students in visual memory test.D. Researchers made new discoveries about human intelligence.DEven as Google plans to test its fleet (车队) of self-driving cars on public roads this summer, its business model remains abit of a mystery. By 2025, as many as 250,000 self-driving vehicles could be sold each year globally, according to a study by an industry research firm.“Vehicles that can take anyone from A to B at the push of a button could transform mobility for millions of people,” said Chris Urmson, director of Google’s self-driving car project. For now, Google has no plans to sell any of its self-driving cars. They are strictly for research. But they will hit public roads this summer near Google’s headquarters inMountain View,California. Previous testing has taken place only on closed courses.The cars are built to operate without a steering wheel, accelerator (油门) or brake pedal. “Our software and sensors do all the work,” Urmson said. “The vehicles will be very basic — we want to learn from them and adaptthem as quickly as possible — but they will take you where you want to go at the push of a button.” The prototype (雏形) is the first of a 100-car fleet the tech giant is building.In the long run, Urmson sees a future of safer roads — the majority of auto accidents are caused by human error — and fewer traffic jams. Robotic cars could also shuttle people who can’t drive because of age or illness.Google has said that self-driving cars could launch new business models in which people buy the use of vehicles they don’t own. The company has already tested other types of self-driving cars on public streets, including modified Lexus sport-utility vehicles, under a special permit program by the California Department of Motor Vehicles that requires a human driver at the controls.The state has issued six other companies permits to operate such cars, includingDelphi, Mercedes-Benz, Volkswagen, Tesla, Bosch and Nissan. The vehicles that will be tested on open roads this summer will have removable steering wheels, accelerators and brake pedals to allow “safety drivers” to take control if needed.12. According to Chris Urmson, __________.A. self-driving cars can give driving orders to humansB. self-driving cars are specially designed for the elderlyC. software and sensors are vital for self-driving carsD. ordinary vehicles will be replaced by self-driving cars13. Paragraph 4 is meant to tell us that __________.A. many traffic accidents are caused by human errorB. some people can’t drive because of illness or ageC. Urmson has promised to create safer roads in the futureD. self-driving cars will probably help to make safer roads and decrease traffic jams14. The underlined word “issued” in the last paragraph can probably bereplaced by__________.A. givenB. claimedC. awardedD. prohibited15. What’s the author’s attitude towards self-driving cars?A. Objective.B. Indifferent.C. Subjective.D. Favorable.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。