大学英语4-4

大学英语4 第一次作业一、单选题 (共90.00分)1.How did the writer feel when his father advised him to try Westminster College of Law?A.He felt shameful and refused to take the advice.B.The advice was useful and realistic, but going to a much less famous school than the previous one hurthis self-esteem.C.He thought it easy to attend Westminster College of Law.D.He didn’t take it seriously and ignore the advice.正确答案：B2.What do you think resulted in the writer’s success?A.He had a strong dignity.B.The writer had the talent of a lawyer, which the dean of the University of Colorado School of Law hadmistaken him.C.Westminster College of Law is better than the University of Colorado School of Law.D.His ambition, diligence and taking advantage of chances.正确答案：B3.The writer had tried very hard and got enrolled by the University of Colorado School of Law.A.TrueB.False正确答案：B4.The writer’s father understood very well why his son had been ki cked out of the University of Colorado.A.TrueB.False正确答案：A5.The writer didn’t feel proud when he went back to the University of Colorado after graduation.A.TrueB.False正确答案：B6.We should try to _______ all educational opportunities.A.take advantages ofB.take the advantage ofC.take advantage ofD.take advantage with正确答案：C7.In given conditions, bad things can _______ good results.A.lead toB.results inC.issued inD.lead in正确答案：A8.I’ll tell our manager about it and ask him to _______ you.A.connect toB.connectC.contact withD.contact正确答案：D9.She has long been hoping to become the _______ manager.A.assistantB.assistantsC.assistanceD.assisted正确答案：A10.The earthquake _______ several stores in the business area.A.damageB.blastedC.hurtD.destroyed正确答案：D11.I’ll let you borrow it _______ you lend me your bicycle in return.A.on a conditionB.on conditionsC.on one conditionD.in one condition正确答案：C12.The doctor will see you again next week. _______ you must rest as much as possible.A.MeanwhileB.OtherwiseC.AlsoD.Moreover正确答案：A13.After the accident it took a long time before she had the _______ to get on a plane again.A.encourageB.courageousC.confidentD.confidence正确答案：D14.Is it worthwhile putting so many resources toward something that is _______ a reliable thing?A.nothing butB.anything butC.something butD.everything but正确答案：B15.What food did Amy like most?A.The roasted turkey.B.The sweet potatoes.C.The cooked fish.D.The soft fish cheek.正确答案：D16.When she knew that Robert would come for the Christmas dinner, Amy was so excited that she cried.A.TrueB.False正确答案：B17.Amy’s mother created a strange menu because Amy didn’t know what food her mother would cook.A.TrueB.False正确答案：B18.From this story we can learn from some cultural difference in dinner concepts between the Chinese andAmericans.A.TrueB.False正确答案：A二、多选题 (共10.00分)1.What did the writer learn from his being kicked out of the law school?A.Life is a road with unexpected tomorrows. If you take advantage of them, you cannot be destroyed byfailures.B.One door had closed, but others opened.C.To be successful, it is important for one to get a second chance.D.If you don’t do well in some areas, maybe you are not good at it and just to find somet hing you good at.正确答案：A B C2.What was Amy worried about before the Christmas dinner?A.The simple Chinese dinner without a roast turkey.B.She didn’t want to introduce her boyfriend to her relatives.C.Her Chinese relatives ignorant of American table manners.D.She was lack of confidence of her mother’s cooking.正确答案：A C。

Explanation
A. act as a lawyer (for an accused person) in criminal proceedings B. maintain against argument or hostile criticism C. prevent something from failing, stopping, or being taken away
3) With us you could argue about why your errors were not errors, why mediocre work really was excellent… A. The recipe works just as well you use cheese instead of butter. B. The teacher should make sure that each child has a piece of work displayed on the wall. C. There has been an increase in the number of Explanation people looking for work. A. have the desired result or effect
Part Three: Further Development >> Enriching Your Word Power
8) Neusner believes that in college we are trained to think that “failure leaves no record” because we can supposedly get away with mistakes easily. A. There’s a meeting after work, but I should be able to get away by seven. B. We’re hoping to get away to Scotland for a few days this summer. C. The thieves got away with jewelry worth over $50,000.√Expl Nhomakorabeanation

1.alter v. 改变，改动，变更2.burst vi.,n. 突然发生，爆裂3.dispose vi. 除掉；处置；解决；处理(of)4.blast n. 爆炸；气流vi. 炸，炸掉5.consume v. 消耗，耗尽6.split v. 劈开；割裂；分裂a.裂开的7.spit v. 吐(唾液等)；唾弃8.spill v. 溢出，溅出，倒出9.slip v. 滑动，滑落；忽略10.s lide v. 滑动，滑落n. 滑动；滑面；幻灯片11.b acteria n. 细菌12.b reed n. 种，品种v. 繁殖，产仔13.b udget n. 预算v. 编预算，作安排14.c andidate n. 候选人15.c ampus n. 校园16.l iberal a. 慷慨的；丰富的；自由的17.t ransform v. 转变，变革；变换18.t ransmit v. 传播，播送；传递19.t ransplant v. 移植20.t ransport vt. 运输，运送n. 运输，运输工具21.s hift v. 转移；转动；转变22.v ary v. 变化，改变；使多样化23.v anish vi. 消灭，不见24.s wallow v. 吞下，咽下n. 燕子25.s uspicion n. 怀疑，疑心26.s uspicious a. 怀疑的，可疑的27.m ild a. 温暖的，暖和的；温柔的，味淡的28.t ender a. 温柔的；脆弱的29.n uisance n. 损害，妨害，讨厌(的人或事物)30.i nsignificant a. 无意义的，无足轻重的；无价值的31.a ccelerate vt. 加速，促进32.a bsolute a. 绝对的，无条件的；完全的33.b oundary n. 分界线，边界34.b rake n. 刹车，制动器v. 刹住(车)35.c atalog n. 目录(册) v. 编目36.v ague a. 模糊的，不明确的37.v ain n. 徒劳，白费38.e xtinct a. 绝灭的，熄灭的39.e xtraordinary a. 不平常的，特别的，非凡的40.e xtreme a. 极度的，极端的n. 极端，过分41.a gent n. 代理人，代理商；动因，原因42.a lcohol n. 含酒精的饮料，酒精43.a ppeal n./vi. 呼吁，恳求44.a ppreciate vt. 重视，赏识，欣赏45.a pprove v. 赞成，同意，批准46.s timulate vt. 刺激，激励47.a cquire vt. 取得，获得；学到48.a ccomplish vt .完成，到达；实行49.n etwork n. 网状物；广播网，电视网；网络50.t ide n. 潮汐；潮流51.t idy a. 整洁的，整齐的52.t race vt. 追踪，找到n. 痕迹，踪迹53.t orture n./vt. 拷打，折磨54.w ander vi. 漫游，闲逛55.w ax n. 蜡56.w eave v. 织，编57.p reserve v. 保护，保存，保持，维持58.a buse v. 滥用，虐待；谩骂59.a cademic a. 学术的；高等院校的；研究院的60.a cademy n. (高等)专科院校；学会61.b attery n. 电池(组)62.b arrier n. 障碍；棚栏63.c argo n. (船、飞机等装载的)货物64.c areer n. 生涯，职业65.v essel n. 船舶；容器，器皿；血管66.v ertical a. 垂直的67.o blige v. 迫使，责成；使感激68.o bscure a. 阴暗，模糊69.e xtent n. 程度，范围，大小，限度70.e xterior n. 外部，外表a. 外部的，外表的71.e xternal a. 外部的，外表的，外面的72.p etrol n. 汽油73.p etroleum n. 石油74.d elay vt./n. 推迟，延误，耽搁75.d ecay vi. 腐烂，腐朽76.d ecent a. 像样的，体面的77.r oute n. 路；路线；航线78.r uin v. 毁坏，破坏n. 毁灭，[pl.]废墟79.s ake n. 缘故，理由80.s atellite n. 卫星81.s cale n. 大小，规模；等级；刻度82.t emple n. 庙宇83.t edious a. 乏味道，单调的，84.t end vi.易于，趋向85.t endency n.趋向，趋势86.u ltimate a. 极端的，最大的，最终的n. 极端87.u ndergo v. 经历，遭受88.a bundant a. 丰富的，充裕的，大量的89.a dopt v. 收养；采用；采纳90.a dapt vi. 适应，适合；改编，改写vt. 使适应91.b achelor n. 学士，学士学位；单身汉92.c asual a. 偶然的，碰巧的；临时的；非正式的93.t rap n. 陷阱，圈套v. 设陷阱捕捉94.v acant a. 空的，未占用的95.v acuum n. 真空，真空吸尘器96.o ral a. 口头的，口述的，口的97.o ptics n. (单、复数同形)光学organ n. 器官，风琴98.e xcess n. 过分，过量，过剩99.e xpel v. 驱逐，开除，赶出100.expend v. 消费101.expenditure n. 支出，消费；经费102.expense n. 开销，费用103.expensive a. 花钱多的；价格高贵的104.expand v. 扩大，扩张；展开，膨胀105.expansion n. 扩大，扩充；发展，膨胀106.private a. 私人的，个人的107.individual a. 个别的，单独的n. 个人，个体108.personal a. 个人的，私人的；亲自的109.personnel n. [总称]人员，员工；人事部门110.the Pacific Ocean 太平洋111.the Atlantic Ocean 大西洋112.the Arctic Ocean 北冰洋113.the Antarctic Ocean 南冰洋114.grant vt. 授予，同意，准予115.grand a. 宏伟大，壮丽的，重大的116.invade v. 侵入，侵略，侵袭117.acid n. 酸，酸性物质a. 酸的；尖刻的118.acknowledge v. 承认；致谢119.balcony n. 阳台120.calculate vt. 计算，核算121.calendar n. 日历，月历123.optimistic a. 乐观124.optional a. 可以任选的，非强制的125.outstanding a. 杰出的，突出的，显著的126.export n. 出口(物) v. 出口，输出127.import n. 进口(物) v. 进口，输入128.impose vt. 把...加强(on)；采用，利用129.religion n. 宗教，宗教信仰130.religious a. 宗教的131.victim n. 牺牲品，受害者132.video n. 电视，视频a. 电视的，录像的133.videotape n. 录像磁带v. 把...录在录像带上134.offend v. 冒犯，触犯135.bother v. 打搅，麻烦136.interfere v. 干涉，干扰，妨碍137.internal a. 内部的，国内的138.beforehand ad. 预先，事先139.racial a. 人种的种族的140.radiation n. 放射物，辐射141.radical a.根本的；激进的142.range n. 幅度，范围v. (在某范围内)变动143.wonder n. 惊奇，奇迹v. 想知道，对...感到疑惑144.isolate vt. 使隔离，使孤立145.issue n. 问题，争论点；发行，(报刊)一期146.hollow a. 空的，中空的，空虚道147.hook n. 钩vt. 钩住148.adequate a. 适当地；足够149.adhere vi. 粘附，附着；遵守，坚持150.ban vt. 取缔，禁止151.capture vt. 俘虏，捕获152.valid a. 有效的，有根据的；正当的153.valley n. 山谷，峡谷154.consistent a. 坚固定；一致的，始终如一的155.continuous a. 继续的，连续(不断)的156.continual a. 不断地，频繁的157.explode v. 爆炸；爆发；激增158.exploit v. 剥削；利用，开采159.explore v. 勘探160.explosion n. 爆炸；爆发；激增161.explosive a. 爆炸的；极易引起争论的162.remote a. 遥远的，偏僻的163.removal n. 除去，消除164.render vt. 使得，致使165.render 解释比较长，可要仔细体会啊！166.precaution n. 预防，防备，警惕167.idle a. 懒散的，无所事事的168.identify vt. 认出，鉴定169.identify n. 身份；个性，特性170.poverty n. 贫穷171.resistant a. (to)抵抗的，抗...的，耐...的172.resolve vt. 解决；决定，决意173.barrel n. 桶174.bargain n. 便宜货vi. 讨价还价175.coarse a. 粗的，粗糙的，粗劣的176.coach n. 教练；长途公共汽车177.code n. 准则，法规，密码178.coil n. 线圈v. 卷，盘绕179.adult n. 成年人180.advertise v. 为...做广告181.advertisement n. 广告182.agency n. 代理商，经销商183.focus v. (使)聚集n. 焦点，中心，聚焦184.forbid vt. 不许，禁止185.debate n./v. 辩论，争论186.debt n. 欠债187.decade n. 十年188.enclose vt. 围住；把...装入信封189.encounter vt./n. 遭遇，遭到190.globe n. 地球，世界；地球仪191.global a. 全球的；总的192.scan vt. 细看；扫描；浏览193.scandal n. 丑事，丑闻194.significance n. 意义；重要性195.subsequent a. 随后的，后来的196.virtue n. 美德，优点197.virtual a. 实际上的，事实上的198.orient vt. 使适应，(to,toward)使朝向n. 东方199.nuclear a. 核子的，核能的200.nucleus n. 核201.retail n./v./ad. 零售202.retain vt. 保留，保持203.restrict vt. 限制，约束204.sponsor n. 发起者，主办者vt. 发起，主办，资助205.spur n./vt. 刺激，激励206.triumph n. 胜利，成功207.tuition n. 学费208.twist vt. 使缠绕；转动；扭歪209.undergraduate n. 大学肄业生210.universal a. 普遍的，通用的；宇宙的211.universe n. 宇宙212.via prep. 经由，经过，通过213.vibrate v. 振动，摇摆214.virus n. 病毒217.voluntary a. 自愿的218.volunteer n. 志愿者v. 自愿(做) 219.vote v. 选举n. 选票220.wagon n. 四轮马车，铁路货车221.appoint vt. 任命，委派222.approach v. 靠近，接近n. 途径，方式223.appropriate a. 适当的224.bunch n. 群，伙；束，串225.bundle n. 捆，包，束vt. 收集，归拢226.ceremony n. 典礼，仪式227.chaos n. 混乱，紊乱228.discount n. (价格)折扣229.display n./vt. 陈列，展览230.equivalent a. 相等的a. 相等物231.erect a. 竖直的v. 建造，竖立232.fax n./vt. 传真233.ferfile a. 肥沃的；多产的234.fertilizer n. 肥料235.grateful a. 感激的236.gratitude n. 感激237.horror n. 恐怖238.horrible a. 可怕的239.Internet n. 国际互联网，因特网240.interpret v. 翻译，解释241.interpretation n. 解释，说明242.jungle n. 丛林，密林243.knot n. 结vt. 把...打成结244.leak v. 漏，渗出245.lean vi. 倾斜，倚，靠246.leap vi. 跳跃247.modify vt. 修改248.nylon n. 尼龙249.onion n. 洋葱250.powder n. 粉末251.applicable a. 可应用的，适当的252.applicant n. 申请人253.breadth n. 宽度254.conservation n. 保存，保护255.conservative a. 保守的256.parallel n. 平行线；可相比拟的事物257.passion n. 激情，热情258.passive a. 被动的，消极的259.pat v./n. 轻拍，轻打260.peak n. 山峰，顶点261.phenomenon n. 现象262.reluctant a. 不情愿的，勉强的263.rely vi. (on ,upon)依赖，指望264.relevant a. 有关的，切题的265.reliable a. 可靠的266.relief n. 轻松，宽慰；减轻267.reputation n. 名气，声誉268.rescue vt./n. 营救269.triangle n. 三角(形) 270.sequence n. 连续；顺序271.shallow a. 浅的272.shiver vi/n. 发抖273.shrug v./n. 耸肩274.signature n. 签名275.sincere a. 诚挚的，真诚的276.utilify n. 功用，效用277.utilise vt. 利用278.utter vt. 说出a. 完全的，彻底的279.variation n. 变化，变动280.vehicle n. 交通工具，车辆281.applause n. 鼓掌，掌声282.appliance n. 器具，器械283.consent n. 准许，同意vi (to)准许，同意284.conquer vt. 征服285.defect n. 缺点，缺陷286.delicate a. 易碎的；娇弱的；精美的287.evolve v.演变288.evolution n. 演变，进化289.frown v./n. 皱眉290.frustrate vt. 使沮丧291.guarantee vt./n. 保证292.guilty a. 内疚的；有罪的293.jealous a. 妒忌的294.jeans n. 牛仔裤295.liquor n. 酒，烈性酒296.liter/litre n. 升297.modest a. 谦虚道298.molecule n. 分子299.orbit n. 轨道v. (绕...)作轨道运行300.participate v. (in)参与，参加301.particle n. 微粒302.particularly ad. 特别，尤其303.respond vi. 回答，答复；反应304.response n. 回答，答复；反应305.sensible a. 明智的306.sensitive a. 敏感到，灵敏的307.tremble vi. 颤抖308.tremendous a. 巨大的；精彩的309.trend n. 趋向，倾向310.trial n. 审讯；试验311.apparent a. 显然的，明白的312.appetite n. 胃口；欲望313.deposit n. 存款，定金v.存放，储蓄314.deputy n. 副职，代表315.derive vt. 取得，得到；(from)起源于316.descend v. 下来，下降317.missile n. 导弹318.mission n. 使命；代表团319.mist n.薄雾320.noticeable a. 显而易见到321.notify vt. 通知，告知322.notion n. 概念；意图，想法323.resemble vt. 像，类似于324.reveal vt. 揭露325.revenue n. 收入，岁入；税收326.shelter n. 掩蔽处；住所327.shield n. 防护物，盾vt. 保护，防护328.vital a. 重要的；致命的，生命的329.vitally ad. 极度，非常；致命地330.urban a. 城市的331.urge vt. 鼓励，激励332.urgent a. 急迫的，紧急得age n. 使用，用法334.violence n. 强力，暴力335.violent a. 强暴的336.violet a. 紫色的337.weed n. 杂草，野草338.welfare n. 福利339.whatsoever ad. (用于否定句)任何340.whereas conj. 然而，但是，尽管341.essential a. 必不可少的；本质的342.estimate n./vt. 估计，估量343.evaluate vt. 评估，评价344.exceed vt. 超过，越出345.exceedingly ad. 非常，极其346.exclaim v. 呼喊，大声说347.exclude vt. 把...排斥在外，不包括348.exclusive a. 读有的，排他的349.excursion n. 远足350.flash vi. 闪光，闪耀351.flee vi. 逃走352.flexible a. 易弯曲的353.flock n. 羊群，(鸟兽等)一群；一伙人354.hardware n. 五金器具355.harmony n. 和谐，融洽356.haste n. 急速，急忙357.hatred n. 憎恶，憎恨358.incident n. 事件，事变359.index n. 索引，标志360.infant n. 婴儿361.infect v. 传染362.inferior a. 劣等的，次的，下级的363.infinite a. 无限的364.ingredient n. 组成部分365.inhabitant n. 居民366.jail n. 监狱367.jam n. 果酱；拥挤，堵塞368.jewel n. 宝石369.joint a.连接的；共同的370.junior a. 年少的；资历较浅的ser n. 激光unch vt. 发动，发起373.luxury n. 奢侈；奢侈品374.magnet n. 磁铁，磁体375.male a. 男性的，雄的376.female a. 女性的，雌的377.manual a. 用手的，手工做的n. 手册378.manufacture vt./n. 制造，加工379.marine a. 海的；海产的380.mutual a. 相互的381.naked a. 裸露的382.negative a. 否定的，消极的383.neglect vt. 忽视，忽略384.origin n. 起源，出身385.oval a. 椭圆形的n. 椭圆形386.outset n. 开始，开端387.presumably ad. 大概，可能388.prevail vi. 流行，盛行389.quit v. 停止390.quotation n. 引文，引语391.recreation n. 娱乐活动392.recruit vt. 招募，吸收(新成员) 393.rival n. 竞争对手，敌手394.shuttle n. 梭子；航天飞机397.skim vt. 搬(去)，掠过；浏览398.sketch n. 草图；梗概399.slender a. 苗条的，修长的400.theme n. 主题401.textile n. 纺织品402.tropical a. 热带的，炎热的403.kneel vi. 跪bel n. 标签405.merchant n. 商人406.mere a. 仅仅的，只不过的；纯粹的407.nuisance n. 令人讨厌的东西(或人) 408.numerrous a. 众多的，许多的409.parade n. 游行v. 列队行进410.pants[pl.] n. 长裤；内裤411.partial a. 部分的412.passport n. 护照413.prescribe vt. 开药，吩咐采用...疗法414.primitive a. 原始的，早期的415.ridge n. 脊，山脊，埂416.ridiculous a. 可笑的，荒漠的417.ridid a. 严格的；僵硬的418.withstand vt. 经受，承受419.witness n. 目击者；证据vt. 注意到；证明420.withdraw v. 收回，撤销421.slippery a. 滑的422.smash vt. 粉碎，打烂423.snap n./vt. 折断，拉断；快照424.software n. 软件425.solar a. 太阳的426.lynar a. 月的，月球的427.submerge vi. 潜入水中428.submit vi.(to)屈服，听从429.timber n. 木材，原木430.tissue n. 组织；薄纱，手巾纸431.title n. 题目，标题432.tone n. 语气，音调433.drift vi. 漂，漂流434.drip n. 滴435.durable a. 耐用的，持久的436.duration n. 持续，持续期间437.dusk n. 黄昏，薄暮438.leather n. 皮革439.legislation n. 法律，法规；立法440.leisure n. 闲暇；悠闲441.loose a. 松的，宽松的442.loosen v. 解开，放松443.tarnest a. 认真的，诚挚的444.earthquake n. 地震445.echo n. 回音，回声446.elaborate a. 精心设计的，复杂的447.elastic n. 橡皮圈(带) a. 有弹性的448.elbow n. 肘449.electron n. 电子450.volcano n. 火山451.volume n. 卷，册；体积，容量452.fatigue n. 疲劳，劳累453.faulty a. 有错误的，有缺点的454.favorable a. 称赞道；有利的，顺利的455.favorite a. 特别受喜欢的n. 喜爱的人或物456.gallery n. 画廊457.gallon n. 加仑458.gap n. 间隔，差距459.garbage n. 垃圾，废物460.gaze v. 凝视，注视461.gear n. 齿轮，传动装置462.gene n. 基因463.lest conj. 唯恐，免得464.liable a. 可能的，大概的；(to)易于...的465.liberal a. 自由得466.liberty n. 自由467.licence/license n. 许可证，执照468.moisture n. 潮湿469.motivate vt. 激励，激发470.motive n. 动机，目的471.generate vt. 生成，产生(光、热、电等) 472.genius n. 天才，天赋473.genuine a. 真的，真诚的474.gasoline n. 汽油475.germ n. 微生物，细菌476.gesture n. 姿势，手势477.giant a. 巨大的n. 巨人，巨物478.glimpse n. 一瞥，一看479.glory n. 光荣，荣誉480.glorious n. 光荣的，极好的481.golf n. 高尔夫球运动482.hydrogen n. 氢483.oxygen n. 氧484.hostile a. 敌对的，敌意大485.household n. 家庭，户486.hook n. 钩487.holy a. 神圣地，圣洁的488.hint n. 暗示，示意489.hestiate v. 犹豫492.herd n. 兽群，牧群490.highlight vt. 强调，突出491.hence ad. 因此，所以；今后，从此。

大学英语四课后练习答案及详解目录Unit One Fighting with the Forces of Nature Unit Two Smart CarsUnit Three Job InterviewUnit Four The Multicultural SocietyUnit Five CrueltyUnit Six The Pace of LifeUnit Seven TerrorismUnit Eight TravelUnit One Fighting with the Forces of Nature ComprehensionText organization1.2.Language FocusVocabulary1.1) alliance译文：劳动党以与其他较小党派结成战术同盟为根本的竞选策略已被证明是成功之举。

2) heroic译文：举国上下都在庆祝纽约消防队员在“9.11”事件中营救落难者的英勇行为。

3) stroke译文：意外的好运使得被埋于瓦砾堆下逾26个小时之久的詹尼勒活着走出来。

4) limp译文：我的兄弟受伤不重，但是他的腿骨折了，因而不得不在几周时间里都跛行。

5) minus译文：飞机面临着一次零下65摄氏度和零上120摄氏度的考验。

6) regions译文：我国将运用税收优惠政策来吸引一些公司到我国的西部地区而不是东部沿海投资。

7) declarations译文：开幕式的讲话听起来不像是和平献礼而更像是宣战。

8) siege译文：经过警方的三天包围，占据饭店的恐怖分子不得不妥协了。

9) raw译文：我们刚一走出飞机踏上草原就感受到一阵刺骨阴冷的寒风。

10) retreat译文：敌机的攻击迫使坦克从这座城市撤退了。

11) have taken their toll译文：过去几个月里令人烦恼的一些问题已影响到了她的健康，她的眼睛下面出现了黑眼圈。

12) In the case of译文：周末上班的员工拿双薪，国庆节上班的员工则拿正常工资的三倍。

大学英语四级试卷（满分120分，考试时间90分钟）一、选择题：（本题共20小题，每小题3分，共60分）1.He climbed up into the tree and picked all the fruit_____reach.A.atB.nearC.withinD.beyond2.The old man invested all his money_______a chicken farm and got rich.A.onB.intoC.inD.at3.He had approached every friend and acquaintance for help in vain,and now he was_______his wit's end.A.atB.inC.outD.on4.The fishermen gathered abalone______a depth of seven feet.A.withB.withoutC.atD.within5.All living organisms constantly absorb carbon14_______this existence.A.outB.aboutC.aroundD.throughout6.Light comes in_______the window.A.byB.throughC.out ofD.in7.The young worker expressed the indignation_______being dismissed without any reason.A.forB.atC.toD.of8.Science has brought_______many changes in our life.A.outB.intoC.aboutD.forward9.______onetime,Manchester,New Hampshire,was the home of the most productive cotton mills in the world.A.OnB.AtC.ByD.To10.If something is out_______the question,it is impossible.A.ofB.toC.withD.in11._______snobbish people______you described are to be found everywhere.A.Such…likeB.So…likeC.Such…asD.So…as12.The doctors must have spared no pains to treat the patient_______ he has recovered from his serious injury.A.butB.beforeC.forD.till13.Research into the dynamics of storms is directed toward improvingthe ability to predict these events_____to minimize damage and avoid loss of life.A.and thusB.soC.howeverD.because14.______the large amount of time devoted to listening every day,most collegestudents do not listen effectively.A.MoreoverB.NeverthelessC.DespiteD.Furthermore15.The Smithsonian Institution preserves more than sixty-five million items of scientific,historical,or artistic interest,______winning the popular title"attic of the nation."A.howeverB.thusC.andD.moreover16.The second-hand car Patrick bought was almost new;_____,it was in excellent condition.A.neverthelessB.howeverC.butD.besidesrry helped me finish my work_______was very kind of him.A.and thatB.so thatC.and thisD.which18.He called the police for help,____that the problem was more than he could deal with.A.having been realizedB.to realizeC.realizedD. realizing19.---How much is the desk?---it__ninety-nine pounds.()A.costsB.Pays toC.spendsD.Takes is20.I am afraid I won't be able to keep in touch__him.()A.To goB.For ifC.withD.By too二、完型填空（共计20分）Most people have no idea of the hard work and worry that goes into the collecting of those fascinating birds and animals that they pay to see in the zoo.One of the questions that is always asked of me is(1)I became an animal collector in the first(2).The answer is that I have always been interested inanimals and zoos.According to my parents,the first word I was able to say with any(3)was not the conventional“mamma”or“daddy”,(4)the word“zoo”,which I would(5)over and over again with a shrill(6)until someone,in groups to(7)me up,would take me to the zoo.When I(8)a little older,welived in Greece and I had a great(9)of pets,ranging from owls to seahorses,and I spent all my sparetime(10)the countryside in search of fresh specimens to(11)to my collection of pets.(12)on I went fora year to the City Zoo,as a student(13), to get experience of the large animals,such as lions,bears,bison and ostriches,(14)were not easy to keep at home.When I left,I(15)had enough money of myown to be able to(16)my first trip and I have been going(17)ever since then.Though a collector's jobis not an easy one and is full of(18),it is certainly a job which will appeal(19)all those who loveanimals and(20).1.A.how B.where C.when D.whether2.A.region B.field C.place D.case3.A.clarity B.emotion C.sentiment D.affection4.A.except B.but C.except for D.but for5.A.recite B.recognize C.read D.repeat6.A.volume B.noise C.voice D.pitch7.A.close B.shut C.stop fort8.A.grew B.was growing C.grow D.grown9.A.many B.amount C.number D.supply10.A.living B.cultivating C.reclaiming D.exploring11.A.increase B.include C.add D.enrichter B.further C.then D.subsequently13.A.attendant B.keeper C.member D.aide14.A.who B.they C.of which D.which15.A.luckily B.gladly C.nearly D.successfully16.A.pay B.provide C.allow D.finance17.A.normally B.regularly ually D.often18.A.expectations B.sorrows C.excitement D.disappointments19.A.for B.with C.to D.from20.A.excursion B.travel C.journey D.Trip三、阅读理解：(共25分)George Washington did not wish to commute far from Mount Vernon c.a tidal river nearby made for easy ocean access d.Virginia wanted to get rid of some land PETS3Text1After a busy day of work and play,the body needs to rest.Sleep is necessary for good health.During this time,the body recovers from the activities of the previous day.The rest that you get while sleeping enables your body to prepare itself for the next day. There are four levels of sleep,each being a little deeper than the one before.As you sleep,your muscles relax little by little.Your heart beats more slowly,and your brain slows down.After you reach the fourth level,your body shifts back and forth from one level of sleep to the other.Although your mind slows down,from time to time you will dream. Scientists who study sleep state that when dreaming occurs,your eyeballs begin to move more quickly(Although your eyelids are closed).This stage of sleep is called REM,which stands for rapid eye movement.If you have trouble falling asleep,some people recommend breathing very deeply.Other people believe that drinking warm milk will help make you drowsy.There is also an old suggestion the counting sheep will put you to sleep!1.A good title for this is____.A.SleepC.DreamsB.Good HealthD.Work and Rest2.The word drowsy in the last paragraph means____.A.sickC.asleepB.stand upD.a little sleepy3.This suggests that not getting enough sleep might make you_____.A.dream more often C.nervousB.have poor health D.breathe quickly4.During REM,____.A.your eyes move quickly C.you are restlessB.you dreamD.both A and B5.The average number of hours of sleep that an adult needs is______.A.approximately six hoursB.around ten hoursC.about eight hoursD.not stated here四、书面表达：草一份学校通知，用一段话说明以下要点：参观日期：5月25日，星期天时间：早上8点钟出发。

••A、Why should I?•B、By all means.•C、No, ask someone else•A、zone•B、spot•A、I’ve been dancing for a year.•B、Every other day.•C、I will go dancing tomorrow.•A、saw•B、have seen•B、did I pay how much•C、how much I paid•B、nearly•C、scarcely•B、was involved•C、got involved••A、have been writing•B、will be writing•C、will have written••A、That sounds wonderful.•B、Not at all.••A、I’m glad to hear that.•B、Remember to bring it next time.••A、Do you have chicken soup?•B、I’d like a doggy bag, please.•C、Do you take credit cards?•B、must to•C、will have to•A、I’m not a good cook in fact.•B、Be careful next time.•C、I’m glad you enjoyed it.••A、find•B、find out•C、look for••A、behavior•B、action•C、manner•D、movement•B、Where is the catalogue?•C、When is the library open?•B、When will your parents go to Paris?•C、Did your parents arrive at Paris last Wednesday?••A、What do you think of the room?•B、Why do you ask me?••A、to be disappointing•B、being disappointed•C、to disappoint••A、Who told you that?•B、Yes, I got a good mark.•C、Thanks.••A、had better to•B、don’t••A、You are fine.•B、Don’t take it seriously.•C、What’s the matter?•B、Quite right.•C、Don’t thank me.••A、Do you have chicken soup?•B、what else would you recommend?•B、scientific•C、service•B、No way!•C、I don’t think so•B、at•C、for••A、We take both cash and credit cards.•B、The restroom is on the second floor.•C、Our Kongpao Chicken is on sale. If you order one, the second one comes in half price.••A、Where are you from?•B、What’s the matter with you?•C、How did you get this?••A、of•B、to•C、with•D、for•B、your room is on the second floor.•C、let me show you the menu.••A、I’d like to sit with my family.•B、I need a single trip reservation.•B、Why was he so careless•C、What’s wrong with him•A、distinguished•B、scored•C、astonished••A、Yes, please•B、No, go ahead•C、No, go ahead•B、Oh, please don’t bother me.•C、It’s useless to ask me.••A、you come here•B、you must come here•C、you should come here••A、Fine, I never go to birthday parties.•B、Sorry, but my wife had a car accident •C、Ha…ha, I don’t like birthday parties.••A、I hate the weather here.•B、Yeah, thanks for coming.•B、Oh, no, no•C、Don’t praise me.•B、What for•C、So what••A、bean•B、bake•C、battery•A、Sorry, I can’t help•B、Well, seafood don’t suit for•B、Don’t mention it.•C、Sorry.••A、sang•B、sing•C、to sing•B、No, I can’t•C、Of course not. I have no idea.••A、supporters•B、guests•B、make use of•C、supply with•A、It’s a good idea.•B、I’m glad to hear that.•C、What a pity!••A、can you•B、will you•C、you will••A、Don’t mention it.•B、That’s alright.•C、Ok. I’m coming.•A、We take both cash and credit cards.•B、Our restaurant is open everyday, from 11 a.m. till 11 p.m.•C、Our Kongpao Chicken is on sale. If you order one, the second one comes in half price.••A、I don’t agree.•B、Either will do.•C、Certainly, why not?•A、Don’t mention it•B、Thanks•A、had better to•B、don’t•C、don’t have to•B、Great, I am very art—conscious •C、It’s fine••A、Don’t mention it•B、Thanks for coming to see me •C、You are so kind••A、No way.•B、Why should I?••A、What’s wrong with him •B、Who did that••A、Don’t ask that•B、No, I can’t say that•C、Sorry, I’m a stranger here•A、Where are you?•B、Who are you?.•C、I’m Brian Murphy and I have some questions to ask.••A、sorting•B、comparing•C、joking••A、am•B、is•C、are••A、You’ve really changed your hair style•B、Oh, I’ve heard a lot about you•C、That’s wonderful••A、is Tom•B、are some boys•C、is the boy••A、company•B、capacity•C、involved••A、Of course not.•B、Of course.•C、I am sorry to hear that••A、spot•B、string•C、boundary••A、guess•B、mass•C、mess•B、distinguished•C、annoyed•A、Sorry, speaking.•B、No. You can’t.•C、Yes, this is Brown speaking.•A、I’d love to•B、I like it•C、I think so•B、the large amount•C、a large number••A、Excuse me, my friend sent me a flower.•B、Fine, I never go to birthday parties.••A、Next year.•B、Three years ago.•C、This year.•D、About three years.••A、Yes, I got a good mark.•B、No. I didn’t do well enough.••A、few•B、a little•B、winds up•C、wound up••A、I need to take a phone call.•B、I hope so, too.•C、Is there breakfast?•B、How do you do?•C、Nice to meet you.•B、No, no, I didn’t do it well •C、It’s a pleasure••A、spoils•B、neglects•C、owes••A、Your passport, please?•B、Do you intend to stay longer than two weeks?•C、where are you staying during the visit?•A、Is there tax included?•B、May I have you name, please?•B、guests•C、supporters•B、the other•C、the third••A、address•B、solve•C、smoothen••A、behavior•B、action•A、It’s a very good idea.•B、Neither do I.•C、Yes, I don’t like English••A、assistance•B、graduate•C、continue••A、service•B、figure••A、concerned•B、faded•C、illustrated•B、Of course not. I have no idea.•C、No, I can’t•A、very darker•B、dark and dark•C、darker and darker•B、I’d prefer sit with my family.•C、I need a round trip to Frankfurt.•B、No, I couldn’t•C、No, I can’t•B、I have no idea•C、It doesnt matter••A、I’ll bring the check.•B、I’ll bring you a doggy bag when I’m back.•C、I’d recommend the chef’s club salad.••A、No way•B、By no means•C、I’d love to•A、Wow, you got the idea.•B、No, never mind.•C、Pretty well, I guess.•D、Sorry, I’m new here.。

课内阅读参考译文及课后习题答案(Book 4)Unit 1享受幽默—什么东西令人开怀？1 听了一个有趣的故事会发笑、很开心，古今中外都一样。

这一现象或许同语言本身一样悠久。

那么，到底是什么东西会使一个故事或笑话让人感到滑稽可笑的呢？2 我是第一次辨识出幽默便喜欢上它的人，因此我曾试图跟学生议论和探讨幽默。

这些学生文化差异很大，有来自拉丁美洲的，也有来自中国的。

我还认真地思考过一些滑稽有趣的故事。

这么做完全是出于自己的喜好。

3 为什么听我讲完一个笑话后，班上有些学生会笑得前仰后合，而其他学生看上去就像刚听我读了天气预报一样呢？显然，有些人对幽默比别人更敏感。

而且，我们也发现有的人很善于讲笑话，而有的人要想说一点有趣的事却要费好大的劲。

我们都听人说过这样的话：“我喜欢笑话，但我讲不好，也总是记不住。

”有些人比别人更有幽默感，就像有些人更具有音乐、数学之类的才能一样。

一个真正风趣的人在任何场合都有笑话可讲，而且讲了一个笑话，就会从他记忆里引出一连串的笑话。

一个缺乏幽默感的人不可能成为一群人中最受欢迎的人。

一个真正有幽默感的人不仅受人喜爱，而且在任何聚会上也往往是人们注意的焦点。

这么说是有道理的。

4 甚至有些动物也具有幽默感。

我岳母从前经常来我们家，并能住上很长一段时间。

通常她不喜欢狗，但却很喜欢布利茨恩—我们养过的一条拉布拉多母猎犬。

而且，她们的这种喜欢是相互的。

布利茨恩在很小的时候就常常戏弄外祖母，当外祖母坐在起居室里她最喜欢的那张舒适的椅子上时，布利茨恩就故意把她卧室里的一只拖鞋叼到起居室，并在外祖母刚好够不到的地方蹦来跳去，一直逗到外祖母忍不住站起来去拿那只拖鞋。

外祖母从椅子上一起来，布利茨恩就迅速跳上那椅子，从它那闪亮的棕色眼睛里掠过一丝拉布拉多式的微笑，无疑是在说：“啊哈，你又上了我的当。

”5 典型的笑话或幽默故事由明显的三部分构成。

第一部分是铺垫（即背景），接下来是主干部分（即故事情节），随后便是妙语（即一个出人意料或令人惊讶的结尾）。

大学英语（四）作业和答案大学英语四第一阶段单选题(共40道题)1.（2.5分）No sooner _____asleep than she heard a knock at the door.我的答案：B 此题得分：2.5分2.（2.5分）I like ______ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.我的答案：C 此题得分：2.5分3.（2.5分）–How much do I owe you? -- _________我的答案：A 此题得分：2.5分4.（2.5分）If you _____ to see Mary，what would you tell her?我的答案：D 此题得分：2.5分5.（2.5分）Lao Lin has been working in the countryside fora long time, so he _______farm work.我的答案：B 此题得分：2.5分6.（2.5分）--Who's that?--________ our boss.我的答案：B 此题得分：2.5分7.（2.5分）Mary speaks in a low voice; ____ is difficult to know what she is saying.我的答案：A 此题得分：2.5分8.（2.5分）–Would you mind giving me an introduction of your company? --________________我的答案：A 此题得分：2.5分9.（2.5分）—It was hot yesterday. —_____.我的答案：C 此题得分：2.5分10.（2.5分）I saw them _________in the river.我的答案：C 此题得分：2.5分11.（2.5分）_____ ，John would not have failed.我的答案：B 此题得分：2.5分12.（2.5分）I forgot to ring up Mr. Wang yesterday, so I _______ today.我的答案：B 此题得分：2.5分13.（2.5分）_____ today, he would get there by Thursday.14.（2.5分）–It’s our great pleasure to have you visit our company. --_________________ 我的答案：C 此题得分：2.5分15.（2.5分）He was too excited _________.我的答案：B 此题得分：2.5分16.（2.5分）____ is not everybody ____ can draw so well.我的答案：B 此题得分：2.5分17.（2.5分）We live in a time ______, more than ever before in history, people are moving我的答案：B 此题得分：2.5分18.（2.5分）She pretended _______ me when I passed by.我的答案：A 此题得分：2.5分19.（2.5分）If the United States had built more homes for poor people in 1955，the housing problems now in some parts of this country _____ so serious.我的答案：A 此题得分：2.5分20.（2.5分）The teacher told them ________ make so much noise.我的答案：D 此题得分：2.5分21.（2.5分）–Are there any morning flights to Wuhan? --_______________我的答案：B 此题得分：2.5分22.（2.5分）This morning Jack came to school late____.我的答案：B 此题得分：2.5分23.（2.5分）_____ I known it，I should have told him.我的答案：B 此题得分：2.5分24.（2.5分）1. He took the medicine, but it didn’t have any_____.我的答案：C 此题得分：2.5分25.（2.5分）Erna Hart _______ a good swimmer; she swam across the English Channelwhen she was only fourteen years old!我的答案：A 此题得分：2.5分26.（2.5分）But that he came to help me, I _____ .27.（2.5分）I_______ to get up late, but now I get up early every morningl.我的答案：A 此题得分：2.5分28.（2.5分）If you had not studied the problem carefully until recently，_____ .我的答案：C 此题得分：2.5分29.（2.5分）–Excuse me, how long can the taxi get here? -- _____________我的答案：C 此题得分：2.5分30.（2.5分）Not until his father was out of prison____ to school.我的答案：C 此题得分：2.5分31.（2.5分）The problem _______ at tomorrow’s meeting isa very difficult one.我的答案：C 此题得分：2.5分32.（2.5分）But for his help, I _____ .我的答案：A 此题得分：2.5分33.（2.5分）His illness accounts ________ his absence from class.我的答案：B 此题得分：2.5分34.（2.5分）Little _____ about his own health though he was very ill.我的答案：B 此题得分：2.5分35.（2.5分）The news quickly spread through the village ______ the war had ended. 我的答案：C 此题得分：2.5分36.（2.5分）–How much is the air ticket? -- ________________我的答案：A 此题得分：2.5分37.（2.5分）–Which flight do you want? -- _______________我的答案：D 此题得分：2.5分38.（2.5分）" The days are getting longer." " Spring_______."我的答案：D 此题得分：2.5分39.（2.5分）I hadn’t seen him for years, but I_____ his voice on the telephone.我的答案：C 此题得分：2.5分40.（2.5分）She reached the top of the hill and stopped _______ on a big rock by theside of the path.我的答案：C 此题得分：2.5分第二阶段单选题(共40道题)收起1.（2.5分）She _______ 100 pages of the book today.我的答案：A 此题得分：2.5分2.（2.5分）____，the bus started at once.我的答案：C 此题得分：2.5分3.（2.5分）I had my meals ____when I was ill in bed with abad cold.我的答案：C 此题得分：2.5分4.（2.5分）When________ that it was getting late, I put off the light and went to bed. 我的答案：B 此题得分：2.5分5.（2.5分）The library _____ next year will be more advanced than the old one.我的答案：B 此题得分：2.5分6.（2.5分）I used to sleep with the window _____.我的答案：B 此题得分：2.5分7.（2.5分）The meeting____ over，we all left the room.我的答案：C 此题得分：2.5分8.（2.5分）–What kind of account do you want to open? -- ____________.我的答案：D 此题得分：2.5分9.（2.5分）______Sunday，the library doesn' t open.我的答案：C 此题得分：2.5分10.（2.5分）Walter offered us a lift when he was leaving the office，but our work ______，we didn’t accept the offer.我的答案：A 此题得分：2.5分11.（2.5分）_____ in Beijing for quite a few years, Mr. Park had little difficulty understanding Chinese.我的答案：A 此题得分：2.5分12.（2.5分）__________ ，he can' t go out for a walk as usual．我的答案：A 此题得分：2.5分13.（2.5分）As the bus came round the corner, it ran ______a big tree by the roadside. 我的答案：A 此题得分：2.5分14.（2.5分）–Do you like Beijing opera? -- ____________.我的答案：A 此题得分：2.5分15.（2.5分）–Why don’t we go to the theater this evening? -- ______________.我的答案：B 此题得分：2.5分16.（2.5分）He _______ finding a taxi for me, even though I told him I lived nearby.我的答案：A 此题得分：2.5分17.（2.5分）He thought that ____.我的答案：C 此题得分：2.5分18.（2.5分）–Would you mind going to the theater with me? -- _________________.我的答案：C 此题得分：2.5分19.（2.5分）Do you feel like ____ out or would you rather ____ dinner at home?我的答案：D 此题得分：2.5分20.（2.5分）There ________no danger, the police went back to their police office.我的答案：D 此题得分：2.5分21.（2.5分）______in this way, the situation doesn' t seem so disappointing.我的答案：C 此题得分：2.5分22.（2.5分）The atmosphere _________certain gases mixed together in definite proportions.我的答案：C 此题得分：2.5分23.（2.5分）The thief too k away the girl’s wallet without____.我的答案：A 此题得分：2.5分24.（2.5分）It is difficult to get used ____ in a tent after having a soft, comfortable bed to lie on.我的答案：B 此题得分：2.5分25.（2.5分）There is a river in the valley，fresh flowers _________________.我的答案：D 此题得分：2.5分26.（2.5分）Your shirt needs ____. You' d better have it done today.我的答案：C 此题得分：2.5分27.（2.5分）–Where are you traveling to this summer? -- ______________.我的答案：C 此题得分：2.5分28.（2.5分）They are considering ____ before the prices go up.我的答案：C 此题得分：2.5分29.（2.5分）We all thought ____pity that you were unable to attend our meeting.我的答案：D 此题得分：2.5分30.（2.5分）–What do you think of this tour? -- _____________.我的答案：A 此题得分：2.5分31.（2.5分）It is from my grandparents_____ I learned a lot.我的答案：C 此题得分：2.5分32.（2.5分）With the price of oil _____________，our economy would be improved.我的答案：C 此题得分：2.5分33.（2.5分）–Thank you for your help. -- ______________.我的答案：D 此题得分：2.5分34.（2.5分）Tony, would you go and see if Sam has any difficulty ____ his tape recorder?我的答案：B 此题得分：2.5分35.（2.5分）I' ve enjoyed ____ to talk with you.我的答案：B 此题得分：2.5分36.（2.5分）He asked the waiter ________ the bill.我的答案：C 此题得分：2.5分37.（2.5分）The fish____ bad，the children left much of it____________ .我的答案：B 此题得分：2.5分38.（2.5分）The experiment __________，the students went on to take notes in the experiment report.我的答案：D 此题得分：2.5分39.（2.5分）–Do you like traveling? -- _____________.我的答案：A 此题得分：2.5分40.（2.5分）–How much money do you want to deposit today? -- ___________.我的答案：A 此题得分：2.5分第三阶段单选题(共40道题)收起1.（2.5分）Although he did not know London well, he made his way________ to the airport.我的答案：C 此题得分：2.5分2.（2.5分）–Can you finish this work on time? -- _____________.我的答案：A 此题得分：2.5分3.（2.5分）Neither he nor I ___ for the plan.我的答案：D 此题得分：2.5分4.（2.5分）–Who is going to chair the conference? -- _____________.5.（2.5分）The leader ordered that the task_____________ as soon as possible.我的答案：D 此题得分：2.5分6.（2.5分）It is his wife __________ left him without saying goodbye.我的答案：D 此题得分：2.5分7.（2.5分）It was _____ last year ______ he came to realize the importance of learning English.我的答案：C 此题得分：2.5分8.（2.5分）_____ to do the work, I should do it some other day.我的答案：C 此题得分：2.5分9.（2.5分）“He is a very brave man.”“Yes, I wish I ___ his courage.”我的答案：B 此题得分：2.5分10.（2.5分）Very few ___ his address in the town.我的答案：C 此题得分：2.5分11.（2.5分）–Hurry up! Or you’ll be late for the meeting. --___________.我的答案：A 此题得分：2.5分12.（2.5分）If only it_____Sunday today! We can have a good chat.我的答案：D 此题得分：2.5分13.（2.5分）It was in the small house ___ was built with stones by his father ___ he spent his childhood.我的答案：C 此题得分：2.5分14.（2.5分）Mike is better than Peter ____ swimming．15.（2.5分）T o say something _______ one thing, to do it _____ another.我的答案：A 此题得分：2.5分16.（2.5分）-Would you mind if I ask you some questions?--____________.I7我的答案：A 此题得分：2.5分17.（2.5分）It was ___ it was raining so hard that we had to stay at home all day.我的答案：D 此题得分：2.5分18.（2.5分）–I’m sorry for my mistake. -- ________________.我的答案：A 此题得分：2.5分19.（2.5分）If she had studied harder, she ____________.我的答案：D 此题得分：2.5分20.（2.5分）Every year thousands of lives _______ in road accidents because of carelessdriving.我的答案：D 此题得分：2.5分21.（2.5分）–When are you leaving? -- _________.我的答案：B 此题得分：2.5分22.（2.5分）It was ___ she was about to go out ____ the telephone rang.我的答案：A 此题得分：2.5分23.（2.5分）It’s time we ____some measures to solve this problem.我的答案：C 此题得分：2.5分24.（2.5分）–Do you agree with what I’ve said? -- ____________.我的答案：B 此题得分：2.5分25.（2.5分）You had better ________ a doctor as soon aspossible.我的答案：C 此题得分：2.5分26.（2.5分）He is talking so much about America as if he ____ there.我的答案：A 此题得分：2.5分27.（2.5分）–Would you open the door for me? -- _____________.我的答案：C 此题得分：2.5分28.（2.5分）Without petroleum human life ____quite different today.我的答案：D 此题得分：2.5分29.（2.5分）___________the English examination I would have gone to the concert last Sunday.我的答案：B 此题得分：2.5分30.（2.5分）It was ___ he said ___ disappointed me.我的答案：A 此题得分：2.5分31.（2.5分）- What personality do you admire? --__________.我的答案：C 此题得分：2.5分32.（2.5分）–Is the meeting postponed? -- _____________.我的答案：D 此题得分：2.5分33.（2.5分）- Did you have any difficulty finding our company? --____________.我的答案：C 此题得分：2.5分34.（2.5分）Each of you ______ responsible for the accident.我的答案：C 此题得分：2.5分35.（2.5分）She put a blanket over the baby for fear that he ____________cold.我的答案：D 此题得分：2.5分36.（2.5分）Tom, what did you do with my documents? Ihave never seen such a _____ and disorder!我的答案：B 此题得分：2.5分37.（2.5分）–I’m not satisfied with your product. -- ______________.我的答案：B 此题得分：2.5分38.（2.5分）–What do you think of this business plan? -- _______________.我的答案：B 此题得分：2.5分39.（2.5分）I am not used to speaking ________ public.我的答案：A 此题得分：2.5分40.（2.5分）I’d rather you ____________ anything about it for the time being. 我的答案：B 此题得分：2.5分。

大学英语4复习资料1. 她对人经常很无理，这一次尤其过分。

(go to far)1. She is often rude to people, especially she’s gone to far this time2. 他处于进退两难的尴尬境地。

(be stuck in) He was stuck embarrassingly in the middle3. The audience broke into thunderous applause. （爆发出雷鸣般的掌声。

applause）4. He had a powerful urge to compete and succeed. （有强烈竞争并获得成功的欲望have urge to5. My father always gets information from the local library.Y ou might as well go there to seewhether there is the information you need. （你不妨去那儿看看有没有你需要的资料）6. I’ve heard the terrible no ise once or twice before, but never so loud as this one.（但是从来没有这次那么大。

as）7. He denied all accuse of him. （所有对他的指控accuse of）8. They had clearly hit upon a pressing need (满足了一项迫切的需求hit upon).9. (我们不会无动于衷stand by) We would not stand by and let bribery in various forms be on the increase.10. The minute I saw him I know something was wrong. .（我一见到他就知道出事了。

大学英语41. It will be quite a long time before she is back again, so don't be too cross with her.2. They started early that morning in order that they get there before noon.3. Many local people are worried that the birds may not be able to survive the winter.4. Mr. White should have had arrived at 8:30 for the meeting, but he didn’t show up.5. Violent programs on TV may have a bad influence on children.6. While waiting in the room, we were all very excited.7. Another worry is that telecommunication systems may isolate people from each other.8. When first introduced to the market, these products enjoyed great success.9.The mayor of Beijing says that all construction work for the Beijing Olympics will have been completed by 2007.10. I finally got the job I dreamed about. Never in all my life had I felt so happy.11. Little Tom was very excited by the prospect of owning his own pony.12. Getting a college degree was the most rewarding experience of my life.13.American women usually identify their best friend as someone with whom they can talk frequently.14. The couple went to see the film without their kids, as the film is intended for adults only.15.Many people want to buy it because, for one thing, the price is low; for another, it’s rather durable (耐用的).16.The nurse took a sample of my blood to test.17. The surgeon is treating several cases of this disease.18. In his composition there were no other errors except a few misspelled words.19. Not having completed the program, they have to stay there for another two weeks.20. You should try to get a good night’s sleep however much work you have to do.21. They were more inventors than pure scientists.22. He was educated at the local high school, after which he went on to Beijing University.23.The teacher wrote an example on the blackboard to illustrate the point.24. The enemy troop suddenly took the small village by surprise on a rainy morning.25. Studies have shown that teenagers often suffer from depression.26. The principal dwelled on traffic safety in his talk.27. The relationship between parents and children is of vital importance.28. She asked if we were getting on well with our work.29. Windy days are characteristic of March in that country.30. Many people like white as a color as it is a symbol of purity.31. There is faint hope that she may be cured.32. The prices of the books range from $5 to $10 and you could choose what you like.33. The weather was fine when the plane took off.34. Don’t leave the water running while you brush yo ur teeth.35.I do every single bit of housework while my husband Bob just does the dished now and then.36. On the river there is a fine old stone bridge.37. He felt embarrassed by his lack of courage when his girlfriend suggested an adventure to the African virgin forest.38. The news reporters hurried to the airport, only to be told the film stars had left.39.The party has failed to convince the majority of voters that it is capable of governing the country.40. ---What were you doing when Tony phoned you?---I had just finished my work and was starting to take a shower.41. Define hyponymy, superordinate terms and subordinate terms with examples.(1)Hyponymy deals with relationship of inclusion, i.e. the meaning of a more specific word is included in that of another more general word. (2)The general terms are the superordinate terms and the more specific terms are the subordinate terms. (3)Forexample, tulip and rose are subordinate terms of thesuperordinate term flower, and the relation between them is hyponymy.42. List the four sources of synonyms.(1)Borrowing; (2) dialects and regional English (3) figurative and euphemistic use of words (4) coincidence with idiomatic expressions。

一、单选题(第1-50题每题2分)1、The teacher told us that we didn’t have to _____ every new word we ran into whenreading、(A) look over(B) look through(C) look up(D) look into[参考答案:C] 分值:22、No matter how hard he tried, he couldn’t ______ of w hat the old woman said、(A) work out(B) make sense(C) make sure(D) figure out[参考答案:B] 分值:23、The man loves nature and the soil、That is why he has bought a piece of land in thecountry and __________ to grow his own vegetables、(A) taken the difficulty(B) had the trouble(C) had the difficulty(D) taken the trouble[参考答案:D] 分值:24、____ publishing plete novels, he began to write stories in serial form、(A) Instead of(B) In spite of(C) Instead(D) Beside[参考答案:A] 分值:2５、The classroom was silent _____ the busy scratching of pens on paper、(A) besides(B) apart from(C) except for(D) except[参考答案:C] 分值:26、To her ____ the men in her classes didn’t deliberately try to embarrass her butaccepted her as a fellow student、(A) sorrow and disappointment(B) surprise and pleasure(C) anger and frustration(D) hatred and resentment[参考答案:B] 分值:27、Many television _____ seem to enjoy watching the World Cup、(A) spectators(B) lookers(C) audience(D) viewers[参考答案:D] 分值:28、____ could give an old man greater pleasure than to imagine he was back inchildhood again、(A) Everything(B) Nothing(C) Anything(D) Something[参考答案:B] 分值:2９、Her name was on the waiting list for an emergency liver transplant, but no organ would be ______ for a month or two、(A) reliable(B) acceptable(C) available(D) feasible[参考答案:C] 分值:2１0、Living here at the top of the mountain with no one else near, the old man must be very ____、(A) only(B) alone(C) lone(D) lonely[参考答案:D] 分值:211、This pany has the ____right to print Mr Green’s book、、(A) exclusive(B) virtual(C) flexible(D) overall[参考答案:A] 分值:212、I don’t play basketball any more, _________ when I was a child、(A) but I used to(B) I used to(C) but I used to do(D) I used to do[参考答案:A] 分值:2１３、Be careful with those explosives _______ end up killing ourselves、(A) then we won’t(B) but we won’t(C) or we will(D) and we will[参考答案:C] 分值:214、The reason _______ I did not go to the lecture yesterday was that I had somethingimportant to do、(A) which(B) for that(C) because(D) why[参考答案:D] 分值:2１5、I will give the ticket to _______ wants to have it、(A) whomever(B) whoever(C) some one(D) anyone[参考答案:B] 分值:21６、I didn’t send out my application form last week, but I ________、(A) had to(B) might have to(C) have had(D) should have[参考答案:D] 分值:217、Not until the game had begun ______ the sports ground、(A) did Peter arrive at(B) Peter arrived at(C) didn’t Peter arrive at(D) Peter didn’t arrive at[参考答案:A] 分值:218、All the task ______ ahead of time, we planned to go on holiday for a week、(A) had fulfilled(B) having fulfilled(C) were fulfilled(D) having been fulfilled[参考答案:D] 分值:2１9、____ a teacher in our college, it is necessary to have at least a master’s degree、(A) To bee(B) One bees(C) Being of(D) Who bees[参考答案:A] 分值:22０、I have no objection ______ for a hike on the mountains with Cynthia、(A) to go(B) going(C) to going(D) of going[参考答案:C] 分值:221、Mike promised to keep me ______ how our business was going on、(A) informed(B) informed of(C) to be informed(D) to be informed of[参考答案:B] 分值:2２2、Success or failure here would be ___to his prospects、(A) critical(B) crucial(C) critic(D) criticized[参考答案:B] 分值:22３、The manager would rather his daughter _____ in the same pany、(A) would not work(B) will not work(C) does not work(D) did not work[参考答案:D] 分值:224、Much research _______ into the possible causes of the disease in the past few years、(A) has been done(B) was done(C) have been done(D) were done[参考答案:A] 分值:22５、By the end of next month I ______ here for five years、(A) will work(B) have been working(C) have worked(D) will have been working[参考答案:D] 分值:226、It was _____ that we went for a picnic in the country、(A) such nic e a day(B) such nice day(C) so nice a day(D) so nice day[参考答案:C] 分值:227、As for Ann, I am not sure about her ____ in Italian、(A) fluency(B) clarity(C) coherence(D) excellency[参考答案:A] 分值:2２8、Jack is very ____ about wines、(A) aware(B) knowledgeable(C) learned(D) informed[参考答案:B] 分值:229、A highly organized system of irrigation is ____ Chinese agriculture、(A) typical of(B) consistent with(C) famous for(D) subject to[参考答案:A] 分值:230、I can’t read the marks and notes Jim made in the margin、They are too____、(A) faint(B) foggy(C) transparent(D) misty[参考答案:A] 分值:23１、The two scholars worked at the task of writing a preface to the new dictionary for three hours ____ last night、(A) at length(B) in full(C) on end(D) in time[参考答案:C] 分值:232、The girl chose some very pretty ____ paper for the present、(A) covering(B) wrapping(C) packing(D) collecting[参考答案:B] 分值:2３3、The ____of human life is short、(A) stage(B) strech(C) space(D) span[参考答案:D] 分值:234、You’d better add them up、I’m not good at ____、(A) figures(B) characters(C) summaries(D) counters[参考答案:A] 分值:235、She broke her leg, but the ____ healed quickly、(A) fracture(B) injury(C) skeleton(D) cavity[参考答案:A] 分值:236、I’ve got a big coffee ____ on the front of my dress、(A) pore(B) patch(C) stain(D) grease[参考答案:C] 分值:237、The old gardener used to keep all his tools and do it yourself equipment in a ____ inthe garden、(A) barn(B) room(C) hut(D) shed[参考答案:D] 分值:2３8、Where there is an earthquake, energy is ____ in one area along a crack in the earth crust、(A) repelled(B) released(C) run(D) rushed[参考答案:B] 分值:239、Well, that is probably all I can say about sports、Next time I’ll take up the topic ofsome other ____ activities、(A) refreshment(B) entertainment(C) pleasure(D) leisure[参考答案:D] 分值:2４0、The American people’s ____ of being polite is different from that held here in China、(A) mind(B) concept(C) consideration(D) thought[参考答案:B] 分值:241、“This house is more ____than the federal government!” Mac plained to hisparents、“You have rules for everything、”(A) systematic(B) democratic(C) bureaucratic(D) public[参考答案:C] 分值:242、My cat is a fussy eater, but my dog is so ____ that she’ll swallow down anything thatis put in front of her、(A) indiscriminate(B) choosy(C) indefinite(D) picky[参考答案:A] 分值:243、When the Cultural Revolution was launched in China, his father ______ college、(A) attended(B) had been attending(C) was attending(D) has been attending[参考答案:C] 分值:24４、The imbalance between males and females could ______ serious consequences、(A) change into(B) lead to(C) turn to(D) develop into[参考答案:B] 分值:2４５、We can make an exception ____、(A) in any case of John(B) in case of John(C) in case of John’s(D) in the case of John[参考答案:D] 分值:246、Victor took a bus and headed for home, ____ if his wife would have him back、(A) not to know(B) not known(C) not knowing(D) not having known[参考答案:C] 分值:247、In many countries now seat belts are _____ for the driver and front seat passengersat least、(A) necessary(B) in demand(C) in need(D) pulsory[参考答案:D] 分值:2４8、Mr、Zhang makes _____ a point to keep up with the latest development in his field、(A) this(B) that(C) it(D) these[参考答案:C] 分值:249、His speech was warmly received、It was several minutes before the applause_______、(A) died down(B) died of(C) died out(D) died off[参考答案:A] 分值:2５０、When he wrote to his father that he wanted to ____ his education and get married, his father cut off his allowance、(A) give up(B) give out(C) give in(D) give away[参考答案:A] 分值:2。

1、 Every advance in communications technology is a setback ____ the intimacy of human interaction、A)atB)fromC)toD)for2、 He saw the _______ of his face in the mirror、A)imageB)pictureC)portraitD)drawing3、 More than one in four American children are growing up in ___ _ __-parent homes、A)oneB)aloneC)onlyD)single4、 Subspecies are _______ by markings on their wings、A)differentiatedB)departedC)depreciatedD)distanced5、 The first thing was to schedule a game with a similar team from a nearby town、A)beginB)take place on timeC)alter the date forD)appoint for a date6、 Both France and Germany _______ claim to the territory、A)placedB)LaidC)liedD)put7、 John _____ his overcoat、A)movedB)removedC)washed offD)picked8、Economists expect people’s living standards to continue rising in the decades _____、A)aheadB)beforeC)forwardD)front9、 The Renaissance was a(n) __ ___ of unparalleled cultural achievement、A)timeB)spellC)instanceD)epoch10、 The hours _______ the children spend in their one-way relationship with television�people undoubtedly affect their relationships with real-life people、A)in which�B)on whichC)when������D)that11、 The children have grown accustomed _____ looking after their grandparents、A)withB)toC)forD)on12、 He ____________ the initiative by speaking first at the meetingA)wakesB)cakesC)takesD)makes13、 They slaughtered us、A)killedB)botheredC)destroyed the will ofD)defeated completely14、 It dawned on us that we were engaged in a sport, not in play、A)It was clearB)We came to understandC)We were forced to believeD)We were convinced15、Who walks away with most of the booty won’t be decided in labs or universities、A)stolen thingsB)patent feesC)profitD)support16、 She read me a few ______ from her new novel、A)distractsB)expectsC)detectsD)extracts17、 The old man put meat into the oven to _____ for dinner、A)bakeB)scorchC)roastD)heat18、 The child has grown quite attached ________ the country life after she spent the vacation with her grandma、A)withB)toC)onD)down19、 So many directors _______ , the board meeting had to be put off、A)were absentB)been absentC)had been absent�D)being absent20、 You _______ him so closely; you should have kept your distance、A)shouldn’t followB)mustn’t followC)couldn’t have been followingD)shouldn’t have been following21、 Young people are not _______ to stand and look at works of art; they want art they�can participate in、A)conservativeB)content����C)confidentD)generous22、 Promotion went to the ______ in rank、A)seniorsB)superiorsC)officialsD)aged23、 During the famine many people ______ eating grass and leaves、A)had toB)needed nothing butC)looked forward toD)were reduced to24、 To transcend physical pain gives one the strength to conquer mental agonies、A)occupyB)break fromC)overcomeD)take away25、Technology has an amplifying effect on students’ habits、A)making more powerfulB)making potentialC)acceleratingD)promoting26、 The ______ American family today has two or three children、A)meanB)averageC)levelD)casual27、 Scientists are often considered as sources of great innovations、A)inventionsB)revolutionsC)gadgetsD)instruments、28、 Science has developed no cure _____ envy、A)inB)atC)forD)of29、I didn’t know the word、 I had to _______ a dictionary、A)look out��B)make out��C)refer to��D)go over30、 You will see this product _______ wherever you go、A)to be advertisedB)advertised��C)advertise��D)advertising31、 Most high school students concede that they are, to some extent, distracted by computer games、A)admitB)recognizeC)make a concessionD)grant32、 The encyclopedia is ________ with information about everything under the sun、A)crammedB)creptC)jammedD)wept33、 This policy maintained by the Security Council will have an impact __ _____ world peace、A)onB)overC)toD)above34、 Living in the western part of the country has its problems, _______ obtaining�fresh�water is not the least、A)with which�B)for which��C)of which��D)which35、 John is ______ with Mary in writing a book、A)combiningB)mergingC)associatingD)collaborating36、I didn’t _______ to take a taxi but I had to as I was late、A)assume����B)suppose�C)mean������D)hope37、 Can you ______ your absence from the class last Saturday?A)account forB)excuseC)examineD)expand38、 This policy maintained by the Security Council will have an impact __ _____ world peace、A)onB)overC)toD)above39、 Barbara Jordan supported legislation to ______ discrimination and to deal with environmental problems、A)banB)handleC)investigateD)list40、 The government is planning to grant subsidies to support a dying industry、A)giveB)schemeC)designD)blueprint41、 In judging our work you should take into _______ the fact that we have been very busy recently、A)considerationB)thoughtC)mindD)memory42、 Cancellation of the flight _______ many passengers to spend the night at the�airport、A)resulted��B)obliged�C)demanded�����D)recommended43、 What you have just said does not _____ with what we have learned from the witness、A)accordB)harmonizeC)supportD)consent44、 Daylight ______ long in the summer time、A)lingersB)staysC)hoversD)persists45、 The present arrangement was _____ reasonably well、A)in useB)proceededC)workingD)practical46、 Fred ________ the bag as his by telling what it contained、A)identifiedB)recognizedC)determinedD)admitted47、 Geneticists figure that it is best to protect their turf now and go spelunking around in it later、A)thinkB)countC)explainD)disbelieve48、 It is a mistaken idea to ________ inexperience with youth、A)matchB)equivalentC)compareD)equate49、The child couldn’t ______ the advanced textbook、A)interpretB)readC)translateD)comprehend50、 A funny thing happened ______ the way to the communications revolution、A)toB)onC)overD)alongWhat does “family” mean to Americans? The traditional American family is a “nuclear family”、A ##1## family refers to a husband and wife and their children、 The ##2## American family today has two or three children (and maybe a few pets)、 In some cultures, people live close to their ##3## family、 Several generations may even live together、 In America, only in a few cases does more than one household live ##4## one roof、 American values receive a warm welcome in the home、Many homes are ##5## like a democracy、 Each family member can have a ##6## 、 A sense of equality often exists in American homes、 Instead of ##7## Mom and Dad, children may think of them as good friends、 Husbands and wives often share household chores、 In many cases, a ##8##can enjoy privacy in his or her own bedroom、 ##9## an early age, children gain responsibility in handling money、 They may receive a weekly ##10## or even work part-time jobs、 Often parents give children freedom to make their own decisions、 Preschoolers choose what clothes to wear or which toys to buy、 Young adults generally make their own choices ##11## what career to pursue and whom to marry、 Families in America, like those in every culture, ##12## many problems、 Social pressures are breaking apart more and more American homes、 ##13## half of the U、S、 marriages end in divorce、 More than one in four American children are ##14## up in single-parent homes、As a result, many people believe the American family is in ##15##、 Even so, there is still reason ##16## hope、 Many organizations are working hard to strengthen families、 Americans almost ##17## believe that the family is one of the most important parts of life、 The ##18##majority also feel that the traditional two-parent family is best for children、 They realize that problems in family life in recent years have brought ##19## serious consequences、 As a result, more and more people are making their family a priority、 Many women are ##20## their jobs to stay homewith their children、 Families are going on vacations and outings together、 Husbands and wives are making a concentrated effort to keep their marriages solid、1、A)nuclearB)expandedC)extendedD)nucleus2、A)usualB)averageC)meanD)common3、A)nuclearB)expandedC)intendedD)extended4、A)beneathB)underneathC)underD)below5、A)runB)workedC)poweredD)motivated 6、A)speakB)tellC)talkD)say7、A)threateningB)fearingC)tremblingD)shivering 8、A)childB)boyC)daughterD)son9、A)UntilB)OnC)FromD)Of10、A)permissionB)grantC)offerD)allowance11、A)withB)aboutC)overD)of12、A)faceB)opposeC)confrontD)turn13、A)MoreB)BelowC)UnderD)Over14、A)bringingB)rearingC)growingD)leveling15、A)troubleB)riskC)dangerD)doubt16、A)onB)withC)forD)to17、A)uniquelyB)unanimouslyC)usuallyD)ultimately18、A)vastB)wideC)broadD)great19、A)upB)uponC)withD)about20、A)movingB)turningC)quittingD)backing1、 Failing health _____ his ambition、A)deterioratedB)dwindledC)decreasedD)relieved2、 You will see this product _______ wherever you go、A)to be advertisedB)advertised��C)advertise��D)advertising3、 Jobs and work do much to provide happiness and content, and more importantly, psychological ______ that can make the difference between a full and empty life、A)manB)natureC)instinctD)well-being4、I didn’t _______ to take a taxi but I had to as I was late、A)assume����B)suppose�C)mean������D)hope5、 Subspecies are _______ by markings on their wings、A)differentiatedB)departedC)depreciatedD)distanced6、 It dawned on us that we were engaged in a sport, not in play、A)It was clearB)We came to understandC)We were forced to believeD)We were convinced7、 He has been investigated and found blameless、A)askedB)examinedC)dismissedD)instigated8、Who walks away with most of the booty won’t be decided in labs or universities、A)stolen thingsB)patent feesC)profitD)support9、 These are our _____ for doing it、A)drivesB)motivesC)themesD)subjects10、 Do you know where Nile has its _______ ?A)startingB)beginningC)sourceD)course11、 Science has developed no cure _____ envy、A)inB)atC)forD)of12、 Can you ______ your absence from the class last Saturday?A)account forB)excuseC)examineD)expand13、 The doctors have _______ the hope to rescue the old man、A)turned downB)abandonedC)refusedD)left14、 He ____________ the initiative by speaking first at the meetingA)wakesB)cakesC)takesD)makes15、I’ll never forget _______ you for the first time、A)to meet��B)meeting���C)to have met�����D)having to be meeting16、 They have stirred a lot of controversy in the process、A)opponentsB)proponentsC)disputesD)conversion17、Economists expect people’s living standards to continue rising in the decades _____、A)aheadB)beforeC)forwardD)front18、 A funny thing happened ______ the way to the communications revolution、A)toB)onC)overD)along19、 Every advance in communications technology is a setback ____ the intimacy of human interaction、A)atB)fromC)toD)for20、 Washington is a great of great buildings, greenery and monuments、A)exhibitionB)extravaganzaC)exhaustionD)extinction21、 Cancellation of the flight _______ many passengers to spend the night at the�airport、A)resulted��B)obliged�C)demanded�����D)recommended22、 The clothes a person wears may express his _______ or social position、A)curiosity�B)status������C)determination�D)significance23、 This policy maintained by the Security Council will have an impact __ _____ world peace、A)onB)overC)toD)above24、 So many directors _______ , the board meeting had to be put off、A)were absentB)been absentC)had been absent�D)being absent25、 Most high school students concede that they are, to some extent, distracted by computer games、A)admitB)recognizeC)make a concessionD)grant26、 She read me a few ______ from her new novel、A)distractsB)expectsC)detectsD)extracts27、 He always did well at school _______ having to do part-time jobs every�now and then、A)in spite ofB)regardless ofC)on account ofD)in case of28、 No one can appreciate the _______ of health until he loses it、A)breakB)bleakC)braceD)bliss29、 He saw the _______ of his face in the mirror、A)imageB)pictureC)portraitD)drawing30、 What you have just said does not _____ with what we have learned from the witness、A)accordB)harmonizeC)supportD)consent31、I didn’t know the word、 I had to _______ a dictionary、A)look out��B)make out��C)refer to��D)go over32、 After , I have nothing to be ashamed of、A)thatB)itC)allD)both33、 The hours _______ the children spend in their one-way relationship with television�people undoubtedly affect their relationships with real-life people、A)in which�B)on whichC)when������D)that34、 The encyclopedia is ________ with information about everything under the sun、A)crammedB)creptC)jammedD)wept35、 The government is planning to grant subsidies to support a dying industry、A)giveB)schemeC)designD)blueprint36、 Barbara Jordan supported legislation to ______ discrimination and to deal with environmental problems、A)banB)handleC)investigateD)list37、 During the famine many people ______ eating grass and leaves、A)had toB)needed nothing butC)looked forward toD)were reduced to38、 Geneticists figure that it is best to protect their turf now and go spelunking around in it later、A)thinkB)countC)explainD)disbelieve39、 The child has grown quite attached ________ the country life after she spent the vacation with her grandma、A)withB)toC)onD)down40、He smiled, with the ________ that he didn’t believe me、A)candorB)honestyC)implicationD)intention41、 She has thrown herself ________ gardening with great enthusiasm、A)downB)intoC)uponD)off42、The United Nations has ________ 1994 the “International Year of the Family”、A)announcedB)publishedC)declaredD)claimed43、 In judging our work you should take into _______ the fact that we have been very busy recently、A)considerationB)thoughtC)mindD)memory44、 John is ______ with Mary in writing a book、A)combiningB)mergingC)associatingD)collaborating45、 The patient slid _____ sleep after taking the medicine、A)downB)outC)intoD)up46、 Both France and Germany _______ claim to the territory、A)placedB)LaidC)liedD)put47、“May I speak to your manager Mr、Williams at five o’clock tonight?” “I’m sorry、 Mr、Williams _______ to a conference long before then、”A)will have goneB)had gone��C)would have gone���D)has gone48、 The old man put meat into the oven to _____ for dinner、A)bakeB)scorchC)roastD)heat49、 This policy maintained by the Security Council will have an impact __ _____ world peace、A)onB)overC)toD)above50、 Stimulating music can _____ the driver especially when traffic is heavy or traffic conditions are difficult、A)extractB)distractC)attractD)exactWhen an invention is made, the inventor has three possible courses of action open to him: he can give the invention to the world by publishing it; keep the idea secret; or patent it、 Secrecy obviously evaporates once the invention is sold or used, and there is always the risk that in the meantime another inventor, working quite independently, will make and patent the same discovery、 A granted patent is the result of a bargain struck between an inventor and the state, whereby in return for a limited period of monopoly (16 years in the U、K、), the inventor publish full details of his invention to the public、 Once the monopoly period expires, all those details of the invention pass into the public domain、 Only in the most exceptional circumstances is the life-span of a patent extended to alter this normal process of events、 The longest extension ever granted was to George Valensi: his 1933 patent for color TV receiver circuitry was extended until 1971, because for most of the patent’s normal life there was no color TV to receive and thus no hope of reward for the invention、 But even short extensions are normally extremely rare、Because a patent remains perpetually published after it has expired, the shelves of the library attached to the British Patent Office contain details of literally millions of ideas that arefree for anyone to use and, if older than half a century, sometimes even re-patent、 Indeed, patent experts often advise anyone wishing to avoid the high cost of conducting a search through live patents that the one sure way of avoiding infringement of any other inventor’s rights is to plagiarize a dead patent、 Likewise, because publication of an idea in any other form permanently invalidates further patents on that idea, it is traditionally safe to cull ideas from other ideas of print、 Much modern technological advance is based on these presumptions of legal security、 Anyone closely involved in patents and inventions soon learns that most new ideas are, in fact, as old as the hills、 It is their reduction to commercial practice, either through necessity, or the availability of the new technology, that makes news and money、 The basic patents for the manufacture of margarine and the theory of magnetic recording date back to 1869 and 1886 respectively、 Many of the original ideas behind television stem from the late 19th and early 20th century, well before Baird aroused public interest、 Every stereo gramophone sold today owes its existence to theory patented by Blumlein in 1931, and Volkswagen rear car was anticipated by a 1904 patent for a cart with the horse at the rear、 Such anticipations can have surprising significance、Leonardo da Vinci’s original ideas for flight were inevitably unpatented but in 1842, the Englishmen, Stringfellow and Henson, were granted a patent containing details of an aircraft of which a heavier-than-air model was reported to have flown 60 years before Wilbur and Orville Wright、 Another Englishman, James Butler, patented a jet engine in 1867—a ful l 70 years before Frank Whittle’s famous British patent for jet propulsion、Incidentally, Whittle’s patent was allowed to lapse after only four years, through nonpayment of renewal fees, and passed into the public domain as early as January, 1934; but by then, the inventor had signed an agreement with the Air Ministry、 Even the apparently safe history of the telephone and gramophone contains some surprises、 U、S、 legal case law details how an American called Drawbaugh had ideas for a telephone which anticipa ted Bell’s patents of 1875—76 by five years、 But it was Alexander Graham Bell who made the system practical on a commercial level and was acknowledged and rewarded as inventor、 The future will produce many similar situations、Patents are daily being granted for ideas from inventors for schemes that can not yet work—but that one day, following massive investment by industry, will become a reality、 It is remarkably easy to sit in the comfort of an armchair and patent pipe dreams which are nothing more than prophesies of the future and problems for others to solve、1、 The first paragraph suggests the best course of action after an invention is made is 、A)to publish it without delayB)to keep it as a secretC)to sign an agreement with large companiesD)to patent it2、 A live patent refers to 、A)a patent that will produce a large profitB)a patent whose monopoly period has not expiredC)a patent that has a long extension of life-spanD)a patent related to energy sources3、 According to Paragraph 4, patents and inventions 、A)may not be new ideasB)are mostly old ideas re-patentedC)represent the latest development of technologyD)can’t be applied to commercial practice until their monopoly period expires4、 The ideas of Leonado da Vinci and the patent of Stringfellow and Henson are mentioned as examples 、A)of cooperation between commerce and scientific studiesB)of the application of patents to aviation industryC)to show the significance of scientific anticipationsD)to illustrate the process of an invention5、Whittle’s patent lapsed early due to 、A)an agreement signed by Whittle with the Air MinistryB)ideas published by James ButlerC)re-patent of the jet engineD)non-payment of renewal feesPeople’s tastes in recreation differ widely、 At a recent festival of pop-music in the Isle of Wight, crowds of teenagers flocked to listen to their favorite singers and musicians、 They went with single railway tickets and slept in the open, a very risky thing to do in the climate of Britain, even in August、 They were packed together like sardines for four days、 There were innumerable thieves, a gang of roughs tried several times to break things up, and police were everywhere、 At the end of the festival many young fans found themselves broke, with no money left, and they had difficulty in getting back home、 Most people would consider these conditions a nightmare of discomfort: the fans appeared to enjoy it all enormously、 Even in the overcrowded United Kingdom there are large tracts of open unspoilt country, where people with more traditional tastes can go for quiet, and for the sense of freedom they derive from contact with nature、In the national parks especially, modern development of housing and industry is strictly controlled、 Visitors may walk for miles through landscape of the greatest beauty and wilderness, and often of considerable historic or scientific interest、 Along the coasts of some of the maritime countries, public pathways have been created; these paths stretch for many miles along cliffs that look out on the Atlantic Ocean or the English Channel、 Another path, lying inland, goes along the range of mountains in the north of England、 It is called the Pennine Way、 Here, the long distance walker and the nature lover can find much to enjoy, without feeling hemmed in by large numbers of their fellows、 Yet few people make full use of the national parks established for everyone’s benefit、 The commonest thing nowadays is for family groups to motor out to a beautiful spot and park their cars in a lay-by、 A picnic basket is produced, along with a folding table and chairs, a kettle and a portable stove、 They then settle down to a picnic in the lay-by beside the car、 Apparently their idea of enjoyment is to get into the fresh air and amongst the country sights and sounds without having to walk a yard、 They seem almost to like to hear and to smell the traffic、6、 In Britain it is very risky to ______、A)go with a single railway ticketB)listen to pop-music at festivalsC)sleep in the openD)pack together in crowds7、 Most people would think that this way of living was very _______、A)uncomfortableB)riskyC)difficultD)enjoyable8、 Even in the overcrowded United Kingdom there are large _______、A)tracks through the open countryB)areas of country without soilC)areas of countryside not developedD)expanses of land where nobody works9、 The Pennine Way _______、A)is built along the coastB)follows the length of the mountainsC)goes for miles along the cliffsD)is hemmed in by the mountains10、 Family groups nowadays like to _______、A)have meals out of doors by the road-sideB)go for a walk away from homeC)drive out past the beautiful placesD)hear and smell the animalsThink of the computers in science-fiction films that can do everything, like those in The Matrix、In reality, even the superest of the supercomputers can’t read the way we do、They can’t learn or reason like us、 Creating a computer that can read and learn at a sophisticated level is a major goal of artificial intelligence researchers、The US Pentagon’s Defense Advanced Research Project Agency (DARPA) is backing two Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI) professors who are trying to build a machine that can learn by reading、“We have such a complex military now, it’s so high-tech, we need AI to help us,” said Selmer Bringsjord, director of RPI’s Artificial Intelligence and Reasoning Lab、 He believes that artificial intelligence (AI) machines might be able to read military plans or manuals and adjust automatically in the midst of a heated battle、AI is already a part of our lives、It’s in programmes used by banks in evaluati ng borrower credit ratings, software that suggests corrected spellings for unrecognized words, and investigative programmes that search databases for non-obvious relationships、It’s complicated But reading is difficult for machines、 Sentences must be converted into formal logic equations or other computer-friendly formats、 Computers can do this on a modest scale、 What has proved more elusive, however, is the software that can make sense of the verbal groups contained in a long, complicated sentence、“Natural language is very ambiguous,” said Boris Kats of MIT’s (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) Artificial Intelligence Laboratory、“If you go beyond sentences like ‘John loves Mary,’ to something like a paragraph from The Wall Street Journal … there are some complex phenomena in language that are pretty hard to represent、” Bringsjord and fellow professor Konstantine Arkoudas want to create algorithms、 These are mathematical formulas that might allow their “Poised-for-Learning” machine to convert sentences into formal logic、 The next step would be to create an additional set of algorithms、 These would allow the machine to use information it takes in to figure things out、Be quick please “In order to succeed, we’ll need systems that can remember where they’ve been and what they’ve seen and improve themselves over time,” said Ronald Brachman, director of DARPA’s Information Processing Technology Office、 Machines that might be asked to help make battle-related decisions can’t adjust to quickly changing condition s in the field, Bringsjord said、 He envisions AI robots of the future taking in all the relevant cultural, historical, and geographical data about an area、It’s not that crazy、 Some people consider machines already cognitive (knowledgeable), depending on the definition of the word、In Texas, Cycorp has been building a “knowledge base” with the goal of becoming a store of human knowledge that can make intelligent decisions、 Machines already exist that understand spoken words, recognize faces and make inferences based onexperience、 But, if you are worried about an all-knowing computer, you might be too early、Katz believes a computer that can reason at the level of even a baby is far off、“I’m still looking for that common sense that 3-year-olds have,” MIT’s Katz said、11、 According to Selmer Bringsjord, the US military is so that they need AI to help them、A)very artificial and intelligentB)very investigative and non-obviousC)very complex and high-techD)very elusive and automatic12、 Th e statement that “reading is difficult for machines” is true in that 、A)sentences must be converted into formal logic equationsB)sentences must be converted into computer-friendly formatsC)the software that can understand long, complicated verbal groups is elusiveD)all of the above13、Selmer Bringsjord and his fellow professor plan to enable their “Poised-for-Learning” machine to figure things out by 、A)using information it takes inB)creating two sets of algorithmsC)making formal logic formatsD)converting sentences into formal logic14、To MIT’s Boris Katz, a computer that can reason at the human level 、A)is still a long way from nowB)is already available。

大学英语四第一阶段单选题 (共40道题) 1.（2.5分） No sooner _____asleep than she heard a knock at the door. 我的答案： B 此题得分：2.5分 2.（2.5分） I like ______ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright. 我的答案： C 此题得分：2.5分 3.（2.5分）– How much do I owe you? -- _________ 我的答案： A 此题得分：2.5分 4.（2.5分）If you _____ to see Mary，what would you tell her? 我的答案： D 此题得分：2.5分 5.（2.5分） Lao Lin has been working in the countryside for a long time, so he _______ farm work. 我的答案： B 此题得分：2.5分 6.（2.5分） --Who's that? --________ our boss. 我的答案： B 此题得分：2.5分7.（2.5分）Mary speaks in a low voice; ____ is difficult to know what she is saying. 我的答案： A 此题得分：2.5分8.（2.5分）–Would you mind giving me an introduction of your company? --__________ ______ 我的答案： A 此题得分：2.5分9.（2.5分）—It was hot yesterday. —_____. 我的答案： C 此题得分：2.5分 10.（2.5分） I saw them _________in the river. 我的答案： C 此题得分：2.5分 11.（2.5分）_____ ，John would not have failed. 我的答案： B 此题得分：2.5分 12.（2.5分） I forgot to ring up Mr. Wang yesterday, so I _______ today. 我的答案： B 此题得分：2.5分13.（2.5分）_____ today, he would get there by Thursday.我的答案： D 此题得分：2.5分 14.（2.5分）–It’s our great pleasure to have you visit our company. --_________________ 我的答案： C 此题得分：2.5分 15.（2.5分） He was too excited _________. 我的答案： B 此题得分：2.5分 16.（2.5分） ____ is not everybody ____ can draw so well. 我的答案： B 此题得分：2.5分 17.（2.5分） We live in a time ______, more than ever before in history, people are mov ing 我的答案： B 此题得分：2.5分 18.（2.5分） She pretended _______ me when I passed by. 我的答案： A 此题得分：2.5分 19.（2.5分） If the United States had built more homes for poor people in 1955，the h ousing problems now in some parts of this country _____ so serious. 我的答案： A 此题得分：2.5分 20.（2.5分） The teacher told them ________ make so much noise. 我的答案：D 此题得分：2.5分21.（2.5分）–Are there any morning flights to Wuhan? --_______________ 我的答案： B 此题得分：2.5分 22.（2.5分）This morning Jack came to school late____. 我的答案： B 此题得分：2.5分 23.（2.5分） _____ I known it，I should have told him. 我的答案： B 此题得分：2.5分 24.（2.5分）1. He took the medicine, but it didn’t have any_____. 我的答案： C 此题得分：2.5分25.（2.5分）Erna Hart _______ a good swimmer; she swam across the English Channel when she was only fourteen years old! 我的答案： A 此题得分：2.5分 26.（2.5分）But that he came to help me, I _____ .我的答案： A 此题得分：2.5分 27.（2.5分） I_______ to get up late, but now I get up early every morningl. 我的答案： A 此题得分：2.5分 28.（2.5分）If you had not studied the problem carefully until recently，_____ . 我的答案： C 此题得分：2.5分 29.（2.5分）– Excuse me, how long can the taxi get here? -- _____________ 我的答案： C 此题得分：2.5分 30.（2.5分） Not until his father was out of prison____ to school. 我的答案： C 此题得分：2.5分31.（2.5分）The problem _______ at tomorrow’s meeting is a very difficult one. 我的答案： C 此题得分：2.5分 32.（2.5分） But for his help, I _____ . 我的答案： A 此题得分：2.5分33.（2.5分） His illness accounts ________ his absence from class. 我的答案： B 此题得分：2.5分34.（2.5分）Little _____ about his own health though he was very ill. 我的答案： B 此题得分：2.5分 35.（2.5分）The news quickly spread through the village ______ the war had ended. 我的答案： C 此题得分：2.5分 36.（2.5分）– How much is the air ticket? -- ________________ 我的答案： A 此题得分：2.5分37.（2.5分）–Which flight do you want? -- _______________ 我的答案： D 此题得分：2.5分 38.（2.5分） " The days are getting longer." " Spring_______." 我的答案： D 此题得分：2.5分 39.（2.5分）I hadn’t seen him for years, but I_____ his voice on the telephone. 我的答案： C 此题得分：2.5分40.（2.5分） She reached the top of the hill and stopped _______ on a big rock by the side of the path. 我的答案： C 此题得分：2.5分第二阶段单选题 (共40道题) 收起 1.（2.5分） She _______ 100 pages of the book today. 我的答案： A 此题得分：2.5分 2.（2.5分）____，the bus started at once. 我的答案： C 此题得分：2.5分 3.（2.5分） I had my meals ____when I was ill in bed with a bad cold. 我的答案：C 此题得分：2.5分 4.（2.5分） When________ that it was getting late, I put off the light and went to bed. 我的答案： B 此题得分：2.5分 5.（2.5分） The library _____ next year will be more advanced than the old one. 我的答案： B 此题得分：2.5分 6.（2.5分） I used to sleep with the window _____. 我的答案： B 此题得分：2.5分 7.（2.5分） The meeting____ over，we all left the room. 我的答案： C 此题得分：2.5分8.（2.5分）–What kind of account do you want to open? -- ____________. 我的答案： D 此题得分：2.5分9.（2.5分）______Sunday，the library doesn' t open. 我的答案： C 此题得分：2.5分 10.（2.5分） Walter offered us a lift when he was leaving the office，but our work ______，we didn’t accept the offer. 我的答案： A 此题得分：2.5分 11.（2.5分） _____ in Beijing for quite a few years, Mr. Park had little difficulty underst anding Chinese. 我的答案： A 此题得分：2.5分12.（2.5分） __________ ，he can' t go out for a walk as usual．我的答案： A 此题得分：2.5分 13.（2.5分） As the bus came round the corner, it ran ______ a big tree by the roadside. 我的答案： A 此题得分：2.5分 14.（2.5分）– Do you like Beijing opera? -- ____________. 我的答案：A 此题得分：2.5分 15.（2.5分）–Why don’t we go to the theater this evening? -- ______________. 我的答案： B 此题得分：2.5分 16.（2.5分） He _______ finding a taxi for me, even though I told him I lived nearby. 我的答案： A 此题得分：2.5分17.（2.5分）He thought that ____. 我的答案： C 此题得分：2.5分 18.（2.5分）– Would you mind going to the theater with me? -- _________________. 我的答案： C 此题得分：2.5分19.（2.5分）Do you feel like ____ out or would you rather ____dinner at home? 我的答案： D 此题得分：2.5分 20.（2.5分） There ________no danger, the police went back to their police office. 我的答案：D 此题得分：2.5分 21.（2.5分） ______in this way, the situation doesn' t seem so disappointing. 我的答案： C 此题得分：2.5分 22.（2.5分）The atmosphere _________certain gases mixed together in definite proportio ns. 我的答案： C 此题得分：2.5分 23.（2.5分） The thief took away the girl’s wallet without____. 我的答案： A 此题得分：2.5分 24.（2.5分） It is difficult to get used ____ in a tent after having a soft, comfortable be d to lie on. 我的答案： B 此题得分：2.5分 25.（2.5分）There is a river in the valley，fresh flowers _________________.我的答案： D 此题得分：2.5分26.（2.5分）Your shirt needs ____. You' d better have it done today. 我的答案： C 此题得分：2.5分27.（2.5分）– Where are you traveling to this summer? -- ______________. 我的答案： C 此题得分：2.5分 28.（2.5分） They are considering ____ before the prices go up. 我的答案： C 此题得分：2.5分 29.（2.5分）We all thought ____pity that you were unable to attend our meeting. 我的答案： D 此题得分：2.5分 30.（2.5分）– What do you think of this tour? -- _____________. 我的答案： A 此题得分：2.5分31.（2.5分）It is from my grandparents_____ I learned a lot. 我的答案： C 此题得分：2.5分 32.（2.5分） With the price of oil _____________，our economy would be improved. 我的答案： C 此题得分：2.5分 33.（2.5分）– Thank you for your help. -- ______________. 我的答案： D 此题得分：2.5分 34.（2.5分）Tony, would you go and see if Sam has any difficulty ____ his tape record er? 我的答案： B 此题得分：2.5分35.（2.5分）I' ve enjoyed ____ to talk with you. 我的答案： B 此题得分：2.5分 36.（2.5分） He asked the waiter ________ the bill. 我的答案： C 此题得分：2.5分37.（2.5分）The fish____ bad，the children left much of it____________ . 我的答案： B 此题得分：2.5分38.（2.5分）The experiment __________，the students went on to take notes in the expe riment report. 我的答案： D 此题得分：2.5分39.（2.5分）– Do you like traveling? -- _____________. 我的答案： A 此题得分：2.5分 40.（2.5分）– How much money do you want to deposit today? -- ___________. 我的答案： A 此题得分：2.5分第三阶段单选题 (共40道题) 收起 1.（2.5分） Although he did not know London well, he made his way________ to the air port. 我的答案： C 此题得分：2.5分 2.（2.5分）– Can you finish this work on time? -- _____________. 我的答案： A 此题得分：2.5分 3.（2.5分） Neither he nor I ___ for the plan. 我的答案： D 此题得分：2.5分 4.（2.5分）– Who is going to chair the conference? -- _____________. 我的答案： B 此题得分：2.5分 5.（2.5分） The leader ordered that the task_____________ as soon as possible. 我的答案： D 此题得分：2.5分6.（2.5分）It is his wife __________ left him without saying goodbye. 我的答案： D 此题得分：2.5分7.（2.5分）It was _____ last year ______ he came to realize the importance of learning E nglish. 我的答案： C 此题得分：2.5分 8.（2.5分） _____ to do the work, I should do it some other day. 我的答案： C 此题得分：2.5分 9.（2.5分）“He is a very brave man.”“Yes, I wish I ___ his courage.” 我的答案： B 此题得分：2.5分10.（2.5分）Very few ___ his address in the town. 我的答案： C 此题得分：2.5分11.（2.5分）–Hurry up! Or you’ll be late for the meeting. --___________. 我的答案： A 此题得分：2.5分12.（2.5分）If only it_____Sunday today! We can have a good chat. 我的答案： D 此题得分：2.5分13.（2.5分） It was in the small house ___ was built with stones by his father ___ he sp ent his childhood. 我的答案： C 此题得分：2.5分 14.（2.5分）Mike is better than Peter ____ swimming．我的答案： B 此题得分：2.5分15.（2.5分）To say something _______ one thing, to do it _____ another. 我的答案： A 此题得分：2.5分16.（2.5分）-Would you mind if I ask you some questions?--____________.I7 我的答案： A 此题得分：2.5分 17.（2.5分） It was ___ it was raining so hard that we had to stay at home all day. 我的答案： D 此题得分：2.5分 18.（2.5分）–I’m sorry for my mistake. -- ________________. 我的答案： A 此题得分：2.5分 19.（2.5分） If she had studied harder, she ____________. 我的答案： D 此题得分：2.5分20.（2.5分）Every year thousands of lives _______ in road accidents because of careless driving. 我的答案： D 此题得分：2.5分 21.（2.5分）– When are you leaving? -- _________. 我的答案： B 此题得分：2.5分 22.（2.5分） It was ___ she was about to go out ____ the telephone rang. 我的答案： A 此题得分：2.5分 23.（2.5分）It’s time we ____some measures to solve this pr oblem. 我的答案：C 此题得分：2.5分24.（2.5分）–Do you agree with what I’ve said? -- ____________.我的答案： B 此题得分：2.5分 25.（2.5分） You had better ________ a doctor as soon as possible. 我的答案： C 此题得分：2.5分 26.（2.5分）He is talking so much about America as if he ____ there. 我的答案： A 此题得分：2.5分27.（2.5分）–Would you open the door for me? -- _____________. 我的答案： C 此题得分：2.5分 28.（2.5分） Without petroleum human life ____quite different today. 我的答案： D 此题得分：2.5分29.（2.5分）___________the English examination I would have gone to the concert last S unday. 我的答案： B 此题得分：2.5分 30.（2.5分） It was ___ he said ___ disappointed me. 我的答案： A 此题得分：2.5分 31.（2.5分） - What personality do you admire? --__________. 我的答案： C 此题得分：2.5分 32.（2.5分）– Is the meeting postponed? -- _____________. 我的答案： D 此题得分：2.5分 33.（2.5分） - Did you have any difficulty finding our company? --____________. 我的答案： C 此题得分：2.5分34.（2.5分）Each of you ______ responsible for the accident. 我的答案： C 此题得分：2.5分 35.（2.5分） She put a blanket over the baby for fear that he ____________cold. 我的答案： D 此题得分：2.5分36.（2.5分）Tom, what did you do with my documents? I have never seen such a ____ _ and disorder! 我的答案： B 此题得分：2.5分 37.（2.5分）–I’m not satisfied with your product. -- ______________. 我的答案： B 此题得分：2.5分38.（2.5分）–What do you think of this business plan? -- _______________. 我的答案： B 此题得分：2.5分 39.（2.5分） I am not used to speaking ________ public. 我的答案： A 此题得分：2.5分40.（2.5分）I’d rather you ____________ anything about it for the time being. 我的答案： B 此题得分：2.5分。

大学英语四级考试（CET 4）(恩波英语研究所命制)MODEL TEST— Band Four —(6 MSH 2)试题册（125分钟）-Part ⅠWriting(30 minutes)注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上，请在答题卡1上作答。

Part ⅡReading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1~7, markY (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN)if the information is not given in the passage.For questions 8~10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.The T rouble with T elevisionIt is difficult to escape the influence of television. If you fit the statistical averages, by the age of 20 you will have been exposed to at least 20,000 hours of television. Y ou can add10,000 hours for each decade you have lived after the age of 20. The only things Americans do more than watch television are work and sleep.Calculate for a moment what could be done with even a part of those hours. Five thousand hours, I am told, are what a typical college undergraduate spends working on a bachelors degree. In 10,000 hours you could have learned enough to become an astronomer or engineer. Y ou could have learned several languages fluently. If it appealed to you, youcould be reading Homer in the original Greek or Dostoyevsky in Russian. If it didn t, you could have walked around the world and written a book about it.The trouble with television is that it discourages concentration. Almost anything interesting and rewarding in life requires some constructive, consistently applied effort. The dullest,the least gifted of us can achieve things that seem miraculous to those who never concentrate onanything. But television encourages us to apply no effort. It sells us instantgratification（满意）. It diverts us only to divert, to make the time pass without pain. Television s variety becomes a narcotic（麻醉的）, nor a stimulus. Its serial, kaleidoscopic （万花筒般的）exposures force us to follow its lead. The viewer is on a perpetual guidedtour: 30 minutes at the museum, 30 at the cathedral, 30 for a drink, then back on the bus to the next attraction—except on television, typically, the spans allotted arc on theorder of minutes or seconds, and the chosen delights are more often car crashes and people killing one another. In short, a lot of television usurps（篡夺；侵占）one of the mostprecious of all human gifts, the ability to focus your attention yourself, rather than just passively surrender it.Capturing your attention—and holding it—is the prime motive of most television programming and enhances its role as a profitable advertising vehicle. Programmers live in constantfear of losing anyone s attention—anyone s. The surest way to avoid doing so is to keep everything brief, not to strain the attention of anyone but instead to provide constantstimulation through variety, novelty, action and movement. Quite simply, television operates on the appeal to the short attention span.It is simply the easiest way out. But it has come to be regarded as a given, as inherent in the medium itself; as an imperative, as though General Sarnoff, or one of the other augustpioneers of video, had bequeathed（遗留；传于）to us tablets of stone commanding that nothing in television shall ever require more than a few moments Concentration.In its place that is fine. Who can quarrel with a medium that so brilliantly packages escapist entertainment as a mass marketing tool? But I see its values now pervading this nationand its life. It has become fashionable to think that, like fast food, fast ideas are the way to get to a fast moving, impatient public.In the case of news, this practice, in my view, results in inefficient communication. I question how much of television s nightly news effort is really absorbable and understandable.Much of it is what has been aptly described as “machine gunning with scraps.”I think the technique fights coherence. I think it tends to make things ultimately boring (unless theyare accompanied by horrifying pictures) because almost anything is boring if you know almost nothing about it.I believe that TV s appeal to the short attention span is not only inefficient communication but decivilizing as well. Consider the casual assumptions that television tends tocultivate: that complexity must be avoided, that visual stimulation is a substitute for thought, thatverbal precision is an anachronism. It may be old fashioned, but I was taughtthat thought is words, arranged in grammatically precise.There is a crisis of literacy in this country. One study estimates that some 30 million adult Americans are “functionally illiterate” and cannot read or write well enough to answer thewant ad or understand the instructions on a medicine bottle.Literacy may not be an inalienable human right, but it is one that the highly literate Founding Fathers might not have found unreasonable or even unattainable. We are not only notattaining it as a nation, statistically speaking, but we are falling further and further short of attaining it. And, while I would not be so simplistic as to suggest that television is thecause, I believe it contributes and is an influence.Everything about this nation—the structure of the society, its forms of family organization, its economy, its place in the world—has become more complex, not less. Y et itsdominating communications instrument, its principal form of national linkage, is one that sells neat resolutions to human problems that usually have no neat resolutions. It is allsymbolized in my mind by the hugely successful art form that television has made central to the culture, the 30 second commercial: the tiny drama of the earnest housewife whofinds happiness in choosing the right toothpaste.When before in human history has so much humanity collectively surrendered so much of its leisure to one toy, one mass diversion? When before has virtually an entire nationsurrendered itself wholesale to a medium for selling?Some years ago Y ale University law professor Charles L. Black. Jr. wrote: “… forced feeding on trivial fare is not itself a trivial matter. I think this society is being forced, fed with trivialfare, and I fear that the effects on our habits of mind, our language, our tolerance for effort, and our appetite for complexity are only dimly perceived. If I am wrong, we will havedone no harm to look at the issue skeptically and critically, to consider how we should be residing it. I hope yo u will join with me in doing so.”注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上作答；8~10题在答题卡1上。

大学英语四级试卷（满分120分，考试时间90分钟）一、选择题：（本题共20小题，每小题3分，共60分）1.He regrets______my advice.A.not having takenB.not takeC.to have not takenD.not to take2.He has been hoping for a rise in salary for a year but he______ask for it yet.A.daren’tB.doesn’t dareC.hadn’t daredD.won’t dare3.At an early age she already showed a talent______music.A.inB.forC.onD.of4.I feel rather doubtful________the result of the experiment.A.aboutB.atC.withD.for5.______the severe cold,tourism was________full swing.A.Though,onB.Despite,onC.Though,inD.Despite,in6.Passengers may leave bulky articles under the stairs______the conductor's permission.A.atB.withC.onD.in7.You won't get in_____the end of the act.A.tillB.atC.byD.in8.He said he was in debt and asked me for a loan______$50.A.onB.forC.withD.of9.What tremendous achievements we have made_______all fronts in the past few years!A.inB.onC.atD.of10.John is unfortunately devoid_______a sense of humour.A.withB.ofC.toD.from11.Betty advised me to label our luggage carefully in case it gets_____intransit.A.misusedB.mishandledC.mistakenD.mislaid12.Our side my office window,there is a fire_______on the right.dderB.escapeC.stepsD.stairs13.The sight of the fruit salad made our daughter kit’s mouth_____.A.wetB.oozeC.waterD.moisten14.When Langston waited to be saved by Jesus,he saw the lighted candles on the altar_____in the draught from the opening window.A.flickeringB.flutteringC.shiveringD.wavering15.Marilyn will not be able to come to the Christmas party as she is_______ with a cold.id downid outid byid up16.Little_______a year ago that I would be studying here today in Britain.A.I thoughtB.thought IC.I did thinkD.did I think17.Not until______himself seriously ill.A.he had completed the task did he findB.had he completed the task did he findC.he completed the task had he foundD.did he complete the task he had found18.In vain_______to get in touch with the Embassy.A.they triedB.tried theyC.did they tryD.they have tried19.Seldom_____him fly into such a rage since I knew him.A.I sewB.I have seenC.had I seenD.have I seen20.Only by carrying out an open-door poling______.A.our country can be developedB.can be our country developedC.can our country developD.our country can develop二、翻译（共计10分）1.电影开演半小时了。

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居民和稼庄毁焚途沿撤东路一们他反相。

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生发有没迟迟胜速决速的着盼期仑破拿。

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国俄下攻内期星个5在要言预信自满充功成到马对仑破拿。

军大为称被队军支这。

良精备装强力战作练训好良过受兵士些这。

To be continued
Part Two: In-Class Reading >> Passage I
3) Why is college an altogether forgiving world according to Prof. Neusner? (Para. 3-5) No matter what slight effort students made, they could meet the demand. 4) What is Prof. Daniel’s viewpoint? (Para. 6) College has deprived students of adequate preparation for the real world.
Part Two: In-Class Reading >> Passage I
In most colleges, graduates wear academic gowns and flat, tasseled (用 流苏装饰地) mortarboards (学位帽) to the ceremonies. Common elements to a commencement ceremony usually include a procession of students, the giving of diplomas, the readings of speeches and an official moment when the students are declared graduated.
Part Two: In-Class Reading >> Passage I
The United States has one of the finest systems of higher education in the world. At the undergraduate level, excellent programs exist in traditional disciplines, as well as in professional fields. At the graduate level, students often have the opportunity to work directly with some of the finest minds in the world. Now, more than 500,000 international students study in the United States. Among the top colleges and universities are Harvard University, founded as the first higher institution in 1636 in Cambridge, Massachusetts, Yale University, Massachusetts Institution of Technology (MIT), Princeton University, Columbia University, Stanford University, Brown University, and Dartmouth College.