万学海文2013届钻石卡学员院校专业选择测试卷(英语)

13届英语应用能力测试练习卷（试题及答案）I. Vocabulary and Structure1. Please keep a detailed _____D___ of the work that you have done.A) paper B) idea C) exercise D) record2. ____C____ our great surprise, the new secretary can speak four foreign languages.A) Of B) In C) To D) For3. The department manager ___B_____ a new plan to promote sales at the meeting.A) took away B) put forward C) looked after D) got on4. What he told me to do was __D____ I should get fully prepared before the interview.A) what B) if C) which D) that5. When dealing with a ___A_____ task, Alice always asks for help from people around her.A) difficult B) wonderful C) funny D) simple6. Location is the first thing customers consider when _____A___ to buy a house.A) planning B) planned C) to plan D) having planned7. Soft drink sales in this city have ____C____ by 8% compared with last year.A) picked B) moved C) increased D) pushed8. If I hadn’t attended an important meeting yesterday, I ___B____ to see you.A) will have come B) would have come C) have come D) had come9. To obtain a visa to enter that country for the first time, you need to apply__B______.A) in part B) in person C) in turn D) in place10. The new model of the car was put into production in 2007, ____D____ helped to provide another 1400 jobs.A) that B) when C) what D) which11. Some companies might not let you rent a car ________D____ you have a credit card.A) where B) because C) since D) unless12. In his opinion, success in life mainly _____B__ on how we get along with other people.A) keeps B) depends C) insists D) spends13. We _______D_____ building the bridge by the end of next month.A) are finishing B) have finished C) would finish D) will have finished14. It was in Johnson’s hotel _______B_____ the business meeting was held last year.A) this B) that C) what D) which15. I’d appreciate it if you could tell me how ___B_______ the machine.A) operate B) to operate C) operating D) operated16. To ____B___ the truth, I really didn’t know anything about yesterday’s meeting.A) do B) tell C) put D) take17. We support the view that poor management will ____C______ business failure.A) break up B) take in C) lead to D) put off18. It is easy to get the software we need _______C___ the market is small.A) as if B) so that C) although D) until19. Language learning is a slow process, which __A_____ a lot of effort, time and patience.A) requires B) leaves C) pays D) offers20. More than 100 people died ____B_____ the earthquake in that area.A) in case of B) as a result of C) in addition to D) on the basis of21. The newspaper ___A_____ two people were killed in the accident.A) says B) talks C) calls D) asks22. She told us briefly about how they succeeded in ____D____ the new product.A) develop B) to develop C) developed D) developing23. The big IT company will _____A___ a new research center in the city.A) set up B) break up C) get up D) turn up24. I ____D____ at 130 kilometers per hour when the policeman stopped me.A) had driven B) have driven C) drive D) was driving25. Information about the new system is easy to __C______ on the Internet.A) like B) go C) find D) open26. I’d like to introduce you ___B_____ James Stewart, the new manager of our department.A) with B) to C) of D) on27. We had a(n) ____D____ with him about this problem last night.A) explanation B) impression C) exhibition D) discussion28. We talked for more than three hours without ____B____ a cup of tea.A) to have B) having C) have D) had29. They had to give up the plan because they had _____C___ money.A) come up to B) got along with C) run out of D) taken charge of30. ___A_____ she joined the compan y only a year ago, she’s already been promoted twice.A) Although B) Because C) If D) When31. What are the essential differences _____A______ selling and marketing?A) between B) from C) among D) for32. Jack called the airline to ______C_____his flight to Beijing this morning.A) improve B) believe C) confirm D) insure33. It was in the year of 2002_____B______they set up a branch company in China.A) as B) that C) what D) which34. You’d better ________D___advice before making a project plan.A) put down B) take in C) turn out D) ask for35. Young people now live a life-style ______A_____their parents could hardly dream of.A) which B) why C) when D) where36. While traveling in France, he _____B_____some everyday French.A) gave up B) picked up C) drew up D) got up37. Hardly ____D______ at the office when the telephone rang.A) I arrived B) I had arrived C) did I arrive D) had I arrived38. To work _______C___with the machine，you must read the instructions carefully.A) firstly B) naturally C) efficiently D) generally39. We’ll have to continue the discussion tomorrow _____A____we can make a final decision today.A) unless B) because C) when D) since40. If you have three years’ work experience，you will be the right _A_____ for this job.A) person B) passenger C) tourist D) customer41. How much does it ___A_____ to take the online training course?A) cost B) give C) pay D) spend42. If you need more information, please contact us ___B_____ telephone or email.A) in B) by C) on D) for43. Mr. Smith used to smoke ___C_____ but he has given it up recently.A) immediately B) roughly C) heavily D) completely44. He was speaking so fast _____D___ we could hardly follow him.A) what B) as C) but D) that45. Please call me back ______D__ you see this message.A) as well as B) as early as C) as far as D) as soon as46. We haven’t enough rooms for everyone, so some of you will have to _A_______a room.A) share B) stay C) spare D) live47. Before __B______ for the job, you will be required to take a language test.A) apply B) applying C) applied D) to apply48. If you want to join the club, you’ll have to ___C_____ this form first.A) put up B) try out C) fill in D) set up49. _____D___ the rain stops before 12 o’clock, we will have to cancel the game.A) As B) Since C) While D) Unless50. As the price of oil keeps ____B____, people have to pay more for driving a car.A) to go up B) going up C) gone up D) go upII. Word Form1. My impression is that the sales of this company have (great) _greatly__ increased this year.2. This picture (take) __was_taken_____ by a young reporter in Beijing last month.3. Tom has made the (decide) __decision______ to apply for a job in the company.4. No reader is allowed (take) _to take________ any reference book out of the reading room.5. Although you may not (success) _succeed_____ in the beginning, you should keep on trying.6. Because light travels (fast) _faster_ than sound, lightning is seen before thunder (雷) is heard.7. The doctor recommended that Mary (start) __start_____ the health program as soon as possible.8. It took me several weeks to get used to (drive) __driving_ on the left side of the road in London.9. This medicine is highly (effect) _effective__ in treating skin cancer if it is applied early enough.10. Now the number of people who are working at home on the Internet (be) _is__ still very small.11. To start your own business is usually (cheap) _cheaper_______ than to buy one.12. The foreign professor spoke slowly and (clear) __clearly_____ so that we could follow him.13. When we get his telephone number, we (tell) ____will tell_____ you immediately.14. The machine should (test) __be tested______ before it is put to use.15. My (person) ___personal____ experience suggests that we should contact the customers first.16. (general) _Generallg____ speaking, table manners vary from culture to culture.17. The program aims to tell all the employees (understand) _understand_ the culture of the company.18. We will set up a factory in that country, which is rich in (nature) naturel_____ resources.19. I really enjoy (work) _working______ together with you, and thank you for your cooperation.20. My first (impress) __impression_____ of England was that it was really a grey and rainy place.21. The new (nation) __national_____ museum will be open to the public next week.22. This question is (difficult) ___more difficult_____ than the one I have answered.23. The secretary has been working for the same (manage) ___manager_____ for over 5 years.24. The hotel, (build) ____built_____ 100 years ago, still looks new.25. We are pleased to learn that that problem (solve) ___was solved ___ at yesterday’s meeting.26. I want (point out) ___to point out_____ that a decision about the matter mustbe made at once.27. Although she is young for the job, she is very (experience) ___experienced_____.28. The new rules for environmental protection have been (wide) ___widely_____ accepted by the public.29. We demand that the tour guide (tell) _____should tell ___ us immediately about any change in the schedule.30. Thank you for your letter of November 15, (invite) ___inviting _____us to the trade fair on December.31. It is reported that the sports meet was (successful)_____successfully_____organized.32. Some people think (much) ____more______about their rights than about their duties.33. It is reported that foreign car sales in the country (rise) __rose________by 8% last year.34. The adviser recommended that Mary (start) _(should)start__ the training program as soon as possible.35. The job pays well and you get a 20 - day holiday a year, it’s certainly an (attract)_____attractive __offer.36. It (announce) ____was announced__yesterday that the game was to start in a week.37. Because man people will come to the meeting, we need some (addition)__additional__ chairs.38. No reader is allowed (take) ___to take_____any reference book out of the reading-room.39. The course is designed to provide a general introduction to computers and (practice) __practical _skills training.40. We’ve only got one day in Paris，so we’d better(make)__make__the best use of the time.41. What a (wonder) ___wonderful_____ party it was! I enjoyed every minute of it.42. The film turned out to be (successful) _____more successful___ than we had expected.43. Readers are not allowed (bring) ____to bring____ food and drinks into the Library at any time.44. The manager has promised that she will deal with the matter (immediate)___immediately_____.45. We are looking forward to (work) _working_______ with you in the future.46. Today email has become an important means of (communicate)____communication____ in daily life.47. The visitors were (disappoint) _____disappointed___ to find the museum closed when they rushed there.48. Because of the (improve) _____improvement___ in the road conditions, accidents recently.49. When you arrive tomorrow, my secretary (meet) _____will meet___ you at the airport.50. John has worked as a sales manager since he (join) ____joined____ this company in 2002.III. Reading ComprehensionTask 1Our eating habits are very important for good health and a strong body. There are times when most of us would rather eat sweets and ice-cream than meat and rice. Sweets and ice-cream are not bad if we eat them at the end of a meal. If we eat them before a meal, they may take away our appetite. It is important for us to eat our meal at the same time each day. When we feel hungry, it is a sign that our body needs food. When we feel angry or excited, we may not want to eat. A long time ago, in England, some judges used to decide whether a man was telling the truth by giving him some dry bread. If the man couldn’t eat the bread, it showed that he was telling lies. Although this seems very strange and rather foolish, it is a very good way of finding out the fact. A man who is worrying about something has difficulty in eating anything dry. Because he is worrying, he loses his appetite and does not want to eat.1. Why must we have good habits? Because_______C_________A. we want to eat moreB. we want to enjoy our mealsC. we want to be healthy and strongD. we want to save time2. It is good to eat sweets and ice-cream CA. when we are hungryB. when we want toC. after the mealD. before the meal3. We had better have our meals AA. at the same time each dayB. when our work is overC. when the meal is still hotD. every one of the family is home4. According to the judges in England, if a man tells a lie, he ___B___ .A. eats dry bread easilyB. eats dry bread with difficultyC. eats a lot of dry breadD. drinks milk with difficulty5. A man who is angry______D________A. has a better appetiteB. likes to tell liesC. likes to eat ice-creamD. has a poor appetiteTask 2Mark Twain and Mr. Dephew went abroad on the same ship. When the ship was a few days out they were both invited to dinner, and when speech making time came, Mark Twain had the first chance. He spoke twenty minutes and made a great hit. Then it was Mr. Dephew’s turn.“Mr. Toastmaster (宴会主持人) and ladies and gentlemen,” said Mr. Dephew as he rose, “ Before this dinner, Mark Twain and I made an arrangement to trade speeches. He has delivered (讲述)my speech and I thank you for the pleasant manner in which you received it. I regret to say that I have lost the notes of his speech and can’t remember anything he was to say.”6. Mark Twain had the first chance to _____D________.A. talk to Mr. ToastmasterB. have dinnerC. be invited to trade speechesD. make a speech7. According to the passage, we know______A________ was a successful one.A. Mr. DephewB. Mark Twain’s chanceC. Mark Twain’sD. Mr. Dephew’s speech8. Mr. Dephew said they had ________C_________ the speech notes before dinner.A. lostB. preparedC.exchangedD. received9. Mr. Dephew said that he had_______B_________A. lost his speech notesB. lost Mark Twain’s speech notesC. forget what he was to sayD. nothing to say for himself10. What Mr. Dephew said at the dinner made_____C________.A. himself doumbfoundedB. an arrangementC. a great hitD. the people present burst into laughterTask 3The world is divided into two main parts. The difference is that one part is rich and the other part is poor. In the poor part, a lot of people never get enough to eat. In the rich part, a lot of people eat too much. In one part, children go hungry and in the other, a lot of peopl e get fatter and fatter and go on diets’ or do special exercises in order to lose weight. The poorer countries are called the “developing countries.” They have special problems. Sometimes the land is too poor to grow anything on. The land can be improved but a lot of things must be done first. New farming methods must be found. The people must be educated. Water must be found. Many problems are too big for one country to solve alone. Help must be given by the rich countries but it must be the right sort of help. Money is not enough. The developing countries must be helped to help themselves. But rich countries have problems, too. They are not always very pleasant. Usually, it is the things that make them rich and that also make them unpleasant. Sometimes the air is too bad to breathe and the rivers are too dirty to swim in or to take water from.11. What is the difference between the two parts of the world? CA. One is big and the other is small.B. One is clever and the other is foolish.C. One is poor and the other is rich.D. One is fat and the other is thin12. In the rich part, a lot of people _______D________a) go hungry and get thinner and thinner.B. eat much in order to get fatter and fatter.C. never get enough to eat.D. have to do something to prevent themselves from getting fatter and fatter.13. One of the problem to be solved in the poorer countries is that CA. the air is too bad to breatheB. the rivers are too dirty to take water fromC. the poor land must be improvedD. water must be made clean14. The sentences “too bad to breathe” means _____C_______A. the air is bad enough to breatheB. the air is not bad enough as to breatheC. the air is so bad that people cannot breathe itD. the air is very bad and people won’t breathe i t15. The best title for the passage is ______C______A. The developing countriesB. The poorer part of the worldC. The difference between the Two Parts of the WorldD. How to Help Each otherTask 4The owner of a large company, who was about to take a trip overseas, dropped to his office early in the morning to make some arrangements. He was telephoning for a ticket for his trip when the night watchman came in, who was back from work, and said a “Good morning” to the owner. Then he told him that he had dreamed that very night of his employer’s plane crashing after take-off. The owner was surprised to hear this. He decided, however, there was something in what the night watchman said. He postponed his trip.As thing turned out, the night watchman’s dream was correct. That day the plane exploded just after leaving the ground. The owner sent for the night watchman and gave him 5,000 dollars and a letter. He said, I’m very sorry to do that. But I have to do so. Read the letter when you get home.”The puzzled man hurried home and tore the letter in a hurry. After taking a look, he turned pale. There was only one sentence in it. And he knew he had been fired.16. The owner was going to trip_______A____________A. by airB. by waterC. by trainD. with his family17. He postponed his trip. Here the word “postponed”means__________B___________A. insisted onB. put offC. stoppedD. regretted18. The owner gave the night watchman 5,000 dollars______D________A. as a rewardB. as his wageC. as a prize for his hard workD. because the night watchman had saved him in time of danger19. The owner asked the night watchman to read the letter at homebecause_____B____A. he was afraid of being beaten by the night watchmanB. the night watchman would be sad at the newsC. there was a lot of money in the letterD. the night watchman wanted to hurry home20. The sentence in the letter would probably be “_________C___________.”A. I don’t want to use a ma n who has saved meB. I don’t like a man who dreams a strange dreamC. The night watchman’s duty is to stay awake the whole night.D. Thanks a lot for your dreamTask 5Nearly all American students in colleges and universities pay for their education. There are many costs. First of all, there is tuition fee. At some schools, the tuition is very high, ten thousand dollars a year or more. At other schools, it may be only a few thousand dollars a year. There are other costs. Many students leave their homes to go to schools in other cities. They may live in an apartment: and they must pay for it. Finally students must buy books for their own courses. Going to college or university can be a big expense. Some families start to save money for their children when they are small. Many students work to save money for tuition. They can also get money borrowed from the government. They pay the money back after they begin to work.21. Among the costs for college education in American, tuition is__A______A. the biggest partB. the smallest partC. not so muchD. free22. If a student wants to go to school in other cities, he pays_______B_________ .A. no money for his educationB. more money than he does in his home cityC. less money than he does in his home cityD. as much as he does in his home city23. Some parents have to begin saving money very early for their children’s education because ______D__________A. their children are too youngB. their children have no workC. their children takes no care of themD. the costs are so big24. After graduation, some students have to pay some money to ______C_____A. their college or universitiesB. their classmatesC. the governmentD. their teachers25. The article mainly tells us about CA. the education in AmericanB. the colleges and universities in AmericaC. the students in AmericaD. some education in AmericaTask 6It was Christmas, and there was a big party in the house. Guest came and went, but the party went on. Then the doorbell rang. Several people shouted, "Come in." A small man opened the front door and came in. Nobody knew him, but the host went to meet him and took him to have a drink. The man sat there happily for an hour and a half and drank. Then suddenly he stopped and looked at the host." Do you know?' he said. "Nobody asked me to this party. I don't know you. I don't know your wife and I don't know any of your guests. My wife and I wanted to go out in our car, but one of your guests' cars was in front of our gate, so I came here to find him and my wife is waiting in our car for me to come back".26. When the doorbell rang, the guests______C______.A. were shoutingB. were singing and dancingC. were enjoying themselvesD. were waiting for the small man27. The host___B_____ after the small man came in.A. was glad to see him againB. asked him to have a drinkC. didn't find himD. knew who he was28. The small man knew ____D____ in the house.A. one of the peopleB. some of the peopleC. all the peopleD. none of the people29. The small man went to the house_____A____.A. to find a manB. to have a drinkC. to have a partyD. to see what was happening30. Perhaps the small man's wife got angry because______D_______.A. he drank too muchB. he didn't find the manC. he didn't take her to the partyD. he kept her waiting for a long timeTask 7During our more than 60-year history, with our vast knowledge and experience，Trafalgar has created perfectly designed travel experiences and memories.Exceptional valueTraveling with Trafalgar can save you up to 40％when compared with traveling independently. We can find you the right hotels, restaurants, and our charges include entrance fees tolls(道路通行费), etc. Because we’re the largest touring company with great buying power, we can pass on our savings to you.Fast-track entranceTraveling with us means on standing in line (排队)at major sights．Trafalgar takes care of all the little details, which means you are always at the front of the line.Travel with like-minded friendsBecause we truly are global, you will travel with English-speaking people from around the world, and that leads to life-long friendships.Great savingsWe provide many great ways to save money, including Early Payment Discount(折扣), Frequent Traveler Savings and more.Fast check-inOnce your booking has been made, you are advised to check in online at our website and meet your fellow travelers before you leave.31. Because of its great buying power, Trafalgar __B__ .A. can find the cheapest restaurantsB. can pass on its savings to touristsC. takes tourists to anywhere in the worldD. allows tourists to travel independently32. Traveling with Trafalgar，tourists do not have to __C__ .A. bring their passports with themB. pay for their hotels and mealsC. stand in line at major sightsD. take their luggage with them33. Traveling with Trafalgar，tourists may _B___ .A. meet tour guides from different countriesB. make new friends from around the worldC. win a special prize offered by the companyD. have a good chance to learn foreign languages34. Which of the following is mentioned as a way to earn a discount? AA. Early payment.B. Group payment.C. Office booking.D. Online booking.35. After having made the booking，tourists are advised to check in __D__ .A. at the hotelsB. at the airportC. by telephoneD. on the websiteTask 8Online advertising is the means of selling a product on the Internet．With the arrival of the Internet，the business world has become digitalized(数字化)and people prefer buying things online，which is easier and faster．Online advertising is also known as e-advertising．It offers a great variety of services，which can not be offered by any other way of advertising.One major benefit of online advertising is the immediate spread of information that is not limited by geography or time．Online advertising can be viewed day and night throughout the world. Besides，it reduces the cost and increases the profit of the company.Small businesses especially find online advertising cheap and effective．They can focus on their ideal customers and pay very little for the advertisements.In a word，online advertising is a cheap and effective way of advertising，whose success has so far fully proved its great potential(潜力).36. According to the first paragraph，buying things online is more _A___ .A. convenientB. fashionableC. traditionalD. reliable37. Compared with any other way of advertising，online advertising __D A. attracts more customers B. displays more samplesC. offers more servicesD. makes more profits38. Which of the following statements is TRUE of online advertising? DA. It has taken the place of traditional advertising.B. It will make the Internet technology more efficient.C. It can help sell the latest models of digitalized products.D. It can spread information without being limited by time.39. Who can especially benefit from online advertising? BA. Local companies.B. Small businesses.C. Government departments.D. International organization.40. This passage is mainly about _D___ .A. the function and the use of the InternetB. the application of digital technologyC. the development of small businessesD. the advantages of online advertisingⅣ. Translation1. Most of us, from earliest school days, have been told that daydreaming is a waste of time. AA 我们大多数人从刚上学时就知道，空想就是浪费时间。

（一）试题解析年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（2013年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语万学海文教研中心英语教研室Section I Use of English1．【答案】A grants【解析】第一句提到“总体而言，当人们自己做决定时，并不擅长考虑背景信息。

”第二句顺接上文，“乍一看这是一种优势”，that引起定语从句，这种优势使人们具有一种能力，即能够做出不受外界因素影响的不带偏见的决定。

B选项submit “服从，提交”，不能与ability连用，C选项transmit “传输，发射”，也不能与ability 搭配，D选项deliver “传递”，同样不能与ability搭配。

A, C, D无论从搭配上还是意思上都不合适。

A选项grant本身具有赋予，授予的意思。

故答案选A。

2．【答案】D external【解析】external外部因素和上文的background information同义复现，不考虑背景信息，不受外界因素影响。

A选项minor 次要的，B选项objective 客观的，C选项crucial 残酷的，D选项external 外部的，故答案选D。

3．【答案】C picture【解析】第三题本句but引起句意转折。

“但是XX推测不考虑大局会导致决策者被日常接触的信息影响而带有偏见。

”首先注意到空前面有定冠词the，指代上文信息，即不考虑背景信息、不考虑大环境。

而大局，大环境的表达，此处选择picture是最贴切的。

A选项issue 问题，B选项vision 想象力，美景都不合适，故答案选C。

4．【答案】A for example【解析】通读后面的句子，提到了法官与被告，这明显是生活当中的一个具体的实例，故答案选A。

而B选项on average “平均，通常”，出现的话，周围往往应该要出现数字。

C 选项in principle“大体上，原则上”，后面需要出现的是总结性的话语，D选项above all“首先” 是用来列举条目，将A,B,D排除。

2013届万学海文公共课学员 3月份阶段测试题英语答题注意事项1. 考试要求考试时间：100分钟 满分：100分2. 基本信息学员姓名:____________ 分数:_____ __ ___Section I Structure and VocabularyDirections: In each sentence, decide which of the four choices given will most suitably complete the sentence if inserted at the place marked. Put your choice on the answer sheet. (20 points)1. of knowledge entails learning and asking for advice. So, learn by yourself, and ask for advice; only thus can genuine knowledge be.AcquiringAcquired D.Acquisition C.A.Acquire B.2. In reading stories we anticipate what is to come ________on our memory of what has gone before.A. basedB. basingC. to baseD. to be based3. The old gentleman was a very ________ looking person, with grey hair and gold spectacles.D.respected C.respectablerespectiveA.respectfulB.4. The toy maker produces a ____ copy of the space station exact in every detail.minorminiature D.A.minimal B.minimum C.5. His left-hand _____ is flashing.A.indicterindicationD.indicant B.indicator C.6. The police had ____ the photograph of the missing girl.extended D.expanded C.enlargedA.amplified B.7. The explorer lost his way so he climbed to the top of the hill to _____himself.placesituateC.D.spot B.A.locate8. After the collision, he examined the considerable ________to his car.A. ruinB. destructionC. damageD. injury9. The boy cycling in the street was knocked down by a minibus and received _____ injures.A. fatalB. excessiveC. disastrousD. exaggerated10. The presidential candidate______ his position by winning several primary elections.D.intensifiedconsolidatedA.enforced B.enriched C.11. This morning, when I withdrew some money at nearby ATM, it failed and read: “No ______”, so now I have to deposit some money into my account.A. capitalB. paymentC. fundD. payroll12. Some old social _____ and values should be consistently observed in order not to be totally assimilated by the western culture.D.conveneconvectionA.conventions B.convenience C.13. With unauthorized pirate becoming more rampant, there are so many outlaws infringe another’s copyright or other business rights intentionally, we should tighten our ______ property protection.D.intellectualintellectualismA.intellect B.intelligentC.14. Most of college students can’t adapt themselves into realistic society accordingly, they don’t know how to_______ the change after graduation.D.accommodateaccomplishC.resistB.accompanyA.15. The problem of crime, particularly juvenile ______, has posed a great threat to our society; the president will address the pressing problem soon.disorder D.delinquency C.deliriumA.disciplineB.16. She was knocked down by a car, she was so injured, we have to escort her to the _______ room.eminency D.C.emergency crisisA.B.crucial17. For a language learner, this is an effective and feasible way, that: He or she has to be ______to the language as much as possible.exploredexposed D.disclosed B.A.revealed C.18. As the investigation continues smoothly, the truths will soon _____ as expected, and who is the criminal, whois innocent will be clear.A. knowB. surfaceC. surgeD. surfeit19. There is no standard or fixed learning pattern, coz every learner has his or her own learning habit, so we should adopt the most suitable learning approach accordingly; the learning approach should _____ from person to person.A. varyB. varnishC. vaultD. veer20. The concerns, such as: transnational crime, poverty and wealth gap, climate change, will be _____ at the forthcoming convention.A. shownB. addressedC. addledD. adductedSection II Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)Oxford University once famously 21 to have been founded by Alfred the Great in the 9th Century. But 22 , the University as we know it today began to take 23 in the 12th Century when English Scholars were exiled from Paris University and began to 24 at Oxford’s Abbeys and Priories, which were by then already established centers of learning.Today, 39 25 , self-governing colleges are related to the University in a type of 26 system. Each is governed by a Head of House and a number of Fellows, who are 27 specializing in a wide variety of28 , most of whom also hold University posts.29 both the Arts and the Sciences, Oxford research 30 ranks top both nationally and 31 . As well as being in the 32 of scientific, medical and technological achievement, the University has stronglinks with research institutions and industrial 33 both in the United Kingdom and overseas. The University income from externally funded research grants and contracts in 1996-7 34 over ￡107 million. The University’s great age also allows its teaching staff and research students to 35 on a heritage of 36 library and museum 37 .Students working for higher 38 are an important and valued part of Oxford University. They currently 39 over a quarter of the total student body of 15,641, drawn by the excellent facilities for research, which the University can offer; 40 the proportion of graduate students is increasing.declaimedthought D.21. A.claimed C.known B.factinmeanwhileC.D.22. A.contraryB.eventuallytheon23. A. shape B. up C. off D. onD.combatcongregate24. A.C.compact B.collect25. A. famous B. allied C. various D. independent26. A. federal B. loose C. strict D. conservative27. A. staff B. personnel C. leaders D. academics28. A. projects B. disciplines C. courses D. degrees29. A. In B. Among C. Within D. Across30. A. inevitably B. predictably C. consistently D. incredibly31. A. annually B. domestically C. internationally D. universally32. A. forebear B. forefront C. foregoer D. forepart33. A. parties B. concerns C. factions D. offices34. A. totaled B. reached C. achieved D. amounted35. A. carry B. succeed C. inherit D. draw36. A. magnificent B. unvalued C. historic D. trivial37. A. exhibits B. valuables C. storage D. collections38. A. ages B. degrees C. classes D. positions39. A. bring out B. work out C. make up D. take up40. A. therefore B. although C. because D. andSection III Reading ComprehensionDirections: Each of the passages below is followed by some questions. For each question four answers are given. Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions. Put your choice in the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1The provision of positive incentives to work in the new society will not be an easy task. But the most difficult task of all is to devise the ultimate and final sanction to replace the ultimate sanction of hunger-the economic whip of the old dispensation. Moreover, in a society which rightly rejects the pretence of separating economics from politics and denies the autonomy of the economic order, that sanction can be found only in some conscious act of society. We can no longer ask the invisible hand to do our dirty work for us.I confess that I am less horror-struck than some people at the prospect, which seems to me unavoidable, of an ultimate power of what is called direction of labour resting in some arm of society, whether in an organ of state or of trade unions. I should indeed be horrified if I identified this prospect with a return to the conditions of the pre-capitalist era. The economic whip of laissez-faire undoubtedly represented an advance on the serf-like conditions of that period: in that relative sense, the claim of capitalism to have established for the first time a system of "free" labour deserves respect. But the direction of labour as exercised in Great Britain in the Second World War seems to me to represent as great an advance over the economic whip of the heyday of capitalist private enterprise as the economic whip represented over pre-capitalist serfdom.Much depends on the effectiveness of the positive incentives, much, too, on the solidarity and self-discipline of the community. After all, under the system of laissez-faire capitalism the fear of hunger remained an ultimate sanction rather than a continuously operative force. It would have been intolerable if the worker had been normally driven to work by conscious fear of hunger; nor, except in the early and worst days of the Industrial Revolution, did that normally happen.Similarly in the society of the future the power of direction should be regarded not so much as an instrument of daily use but rather as an ultimate sanction held in reserve where voluntary methods fail. It is inconceivable that, in any period or in any conditions that can now be foreseen, any organ of state in Great Britain would be in a position, even if it had the will, to marshal and deploy the labour force over the whole economy by military discipline like an army in the field. This, like other nightmares of a totally planned economy, can be left to those who like to frighten themselves and others with scarecrows.41. The word "sanction"(Line 2, Paragraph 1) is closest in meaning to______.[B]methodsencouragingmeasurescorrective[A][C] preventive efforts [D] revolutionary actions42. Which of the following is implied in the first paragraph?[A] People used to be forced to work under whips.[B] The author dislikes the function of politics in economy.[C] Incentives are always less available than regulations.[D] People have an instinct of working less and getting more.43. The author's attitudes towards future, as is indicated in the beginning of the second paragraph, is one of______.acceptance [B]pessimismsheerreluctant[A]extremehopefulnessmild[C]optimism [D]44. The author of the text seems to oppose the idea of______.[A]controlmilitaryfreemarket [B]unrestrainedlaborsstrict[C]regulations [D]45. The last sentence of the text indicates the author's______.affection[C] stubbornness [D] rejectionhatred [B][A]Text 2In studying both the recurrence of special habits or ideas in several districts, and their prevalence within each district, there come before us ever-reiterated proofs of regular causation producing the phenomena of human life, and of laws of maintenance and diffusion conditions of society, at definite stages of culture. But, while giving full importance to the evidence bearing on these standard conditions of society, let us be careful to avoid a pitfall which may entrap the unwary student. Of course, the opinions and habits belonging in common to masses of mankind are to a great extent the results of sound judgment and practical wisdom. But to a great extent it is not so.That many numerous societies of men should have believed in the influence of the evil eye and the existence of a firmament, should have sacrificed slaves and goods to the ghosts of the departed, should have handed down traditions of giants slaying monsters and men turning into beasts-all this is ground for holding that such ideas were indeed produced in men's minds by efficient causes, but it is not ground for holding that the rites in question are profitable, the beliefs sound, and the history authentic. This may seem at the first glance a truism, but, in fact, it is the denial of a fallacy which deeply affects the minds of all but a small critical minority of mankind. Popularly, what everybody says must be true, what everybody does must be right.There are various topics, especially in history, law, philosophy, and theology, where even the educated people we live among can hardly be brought to see that the cause why men do hold an opinion, or practise a custom, is by no means necessarily a reason why they ought to do so. Now collections of ethnographic evidence, bringing so prominently into view the agreement of immense multitudes of men as to certain traditions, beliefs, and usages, are peculiarly liable to be thus improperly used in direct defense of these institutions themselves, even old barbaric nations being polled to maintain their opinions against what are called modern ideas.As it has more than once happened to myself to find my collections of traditions and beliefs thus set up to prove their own objective truth, without proper examination of the grounds on which they were actually received, I take this occasion of remarking that the same line of argument will serve equally well to demonstrate, by the strong and wide consent of nations, that the earth is flat, and night-mare the visit of a demon.46. The author's attitude towards the phenomena mentioned at the beginning of the text is one of _____.indifference [D]disgust[C]approvalskepticism [B][A]47. By "But to a great extent it is not so"(Line 6, Paragraph 1) the author implies that _____.[A] most people are just followers of new ideas[B] even sound minds may commit silly errors[C] the popularly supported may be erroneous[D] nobody is immune to the influence of errors48. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the statement "There are various... to do so" (Line 1, Paragraph 3)?[A] Principles of history and philosophy are hard to deal with.[B] People like to see what other people do for their own model.[C] The educated are more susceptible to errors in their daily life.[D] That everyone does the same may not prove they are all right.49. Which of the following did the author probably suggest?[A] Support not the most supported.[B] Deny everything others believe.[C] Throw all tradition into trashcan.[D] Keep your eyes open all the time.50. The author develops his writing mainly by means of _____.comparisons [D][C]quotations reasoning[A][B]examplesSection IV TranslationDirections: Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese. Write your answer on the answer sheet. (20 points)The value which society places on work has traditionally been closely associated with the value of individualism and as a result it has had negative effects on the development of social security. (51) It has meant that in the first place the amount of benefits must be small lest people's willingness to work and support themselves suffers. Even today with flat rate and earnings-related benefits, the total amount of the benefit must always be smaller than the person's wages for fear of malingering. "The purpose of social security," said Huntford referring to Sweden's comparatively generous benefits, "is to dispel need without crossing the threshold of prosperity." Second, social security benefits are granted under conditions designed to reduce the likelihood of even the boldest of spirits attempting to live on the State rather than work. Many of the rules surrounding the payment of unemployment or supplementary benefit are for this purpose. Third, the value placed on work ismanifested in a more positive way as in the case of disability. (52) People suffering from accidents incurred at work or from occupational diseases receive preferential treatment by the social security service compared with those suffering from civil accidents and ordinary illnesses.Yet, the stranglehold which work has had on the social security service has been increasingly loosened over the years. The provision of family allowances, family income supplements, the slight liberalization of the wages stop are some of the manifestations of this trend. (53) Similarly, the preferential treatment given to occupational disability by the social security service has been increasingly questioned with the demands for the upgrading of benefits for the other types of disability.It is felt that in contemporary industrial societies the distinction between occupational and non-occupational disability is artificial for many non-occupational forms of disability have an industrial origin even if they do not occur directly in the workplace. (54) There is also the additional reason which we mentioned in the argument for one benefit for all one-parent families, that a modern social security service must concentrate on meeting needs irrespective of the cause behind such needs.The relationship between social security and work is not all a one-way affair. (55) It is true that until very recently the general view was that social security "represented a type of luxury and was essentially anti-economic." It was seen as merely government expenditure for the needy. As we saw, however, redundancy payments and earnings-related unemployment benefits have been used with some success by employers and the government to reduce workers' opposition towards loss of their jobs.。

PART 4 GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY 15 MIN There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your an swers on Answer Sheet Two. 51. Facing the board of directors, he didn ‟t deny ________ breaking the agreement. A. him B. it C. his D. its  52. Xinchun returned from aboard a different man. The italicized part functions as a (n) ______. A. appositive (同位语) B. object C. adverbial D. complement. 53. Which of the following is a compound word (复合词)? )? ______.  ______. A. Nonsmoker. B. Deadline. C. Meanness. D. Misfit. 54. Which of the following sentences contains subjunctive mood? ______. A. Lucy insisted that her son get home before 5 o’clock?o’clock? B. She used to drive to work, but now she takes the city metro. C. Walk straight ahead, and don't turn till the second traffic lights. D. Paul will cancel his flight if he cannot get his visa by Friday. 55. The following determiners(限定词) can be used with both plural and uncountable nouns EXCEPT ______.  A. more B. enough. C. many. D. such. 56. Which of the italicized parts indicates CONTRAST? ______. A. She opened the door and quietly went in. B. Victoria likes music and Sam is fond of sports. C. Think it over again and you ‟ll get an answer. D. He is somewhat arrogant, and I don't like this. 57. Which of the following CANNOT be used as a nominal substitute(名词替代词)? )? ______.  ______. A. Much. B. Neither. C. One. D. Quarter.  58. All the following sentences definitely indicate future time EXCEPT ______. A. Mother is to have tea with Aunt Betty at four. B. The President is coming to the UN next week. C. The school pupils will be home by now. D. He is going to email me the necessary information. 59. Which of the following sentences is grammatically INCORRECT? ______. A. Politics are the art or science of government. B. Ten miles seems like a long walk to me. C. Mumps is a kind of infectious disease. D. All the furniture has arrived undamaged.  ______. 60. Which of in the following phrases indicates a subject-predicate relationship? A. The arrival of the tourists B. The law of Newton C. The occupation of the island D. The plays of Oscar Wilde  ______. 61. Which of the following italicized parts serves as an appositive? A. He is not the man to draw back. B. Tony hit back the urge to tell a lie. C. Larry has a large family to support. D. There is really nothing to fear.  ______. 62. Which of the following is NOT an imperative sentence? A.Let me drive you home, shall I? B.You will mind your own business! e and have dinner with us. ‘D.I wish you could stay behind. 63. If it ______ tomorrow, the match would be put off. A. were to rain B. was to rain C. was raining D. had rained 64. Which of the following sentences expresses a fact? ______. A. Mary and her son must be home by now. B.Careless reading must give poor results. C. It‟s getting late, and I must leave now. D. He must be working late at the office. 65. The following are all dynamic verbs(动态动词) EXCEPT ______. A. remain. B. turn. C. write. D. knock. 66. ____ to school life was less difficult than the pupil had expected. A. Adhering B. Adopting C.Adjusting D. Acquainting 67. He is fed up with the same old dreary routine, and wants to quit his job. The underlined part means _________. A. dull B. boring C. long D. hard 68. At last night‟s party Larry said something that I though was beyond me. The underlined part means ________. A. I was unable to do C. I was unable to stop B. I couldn’t understand D. I couldn’t tolerate 69. The couple ______their old house and sold it for a vast profit. A. did for B. did in C.did with D. did up 70. Sally contributed a lot to the project, but she never once accepted all the ____ for herself. A. credit B. attention C. focus D. award 71. The child nodded, apparently content with his mother‟s promise. The underlined part means _________. A. as far as one has learnt B. as far as one is concerned C. as far as one can see D. as far as one is told 72. The ________ that sport builds character is well accepted by people nowadays. A. issue B. argument C. point D. sentence 73. Everyone in the office knows that Melinda takes infinite care over her work. The underlined part means ________. B. unnecessary C. overdue D. much 74. The new measure will reduce the chance of serious injury in the event of an accident. The underlined part means _________. A. if an accident happens B. if an accident can be prevented C. before an accident D. during an accident 75. Traditionally, local midwives would ________ all the babies in the area. A. handle B. produce C. deliver D. help 76. No food or drink is allowed on the premises. The underlined part means ________. A. proposition B. advertisement C. building D. street 77. The court would not accept his appeal unless ________ evidence is provided. A. conclusive B. definite C. eventual D. concluding 78. As soon as he opened the door, a ________ of cold air swept through the house. A. flow B. movement C. rush D. blast 79. She really wanted to say something at the meeting, but eventually ________ from it. A. prevented B. refrained C. limited D. restricted 80. The couple told the decorator that they wanted their bedroom gaily painted. The underlined pa rt means _________. B. light-heartedly C. cheerfully D. lightly 附：【答案详解】 PART 4 GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY 51. Facing the board of directors,he didn't deny __________ breaking the agreement. A. him B. it C. his D. its 解析：本题考查动名词的逻辑主语。

模拟试题二参考答案及部分试题答案解析一、答案I. Vocabulary1-20 BCDDD ACCBB DDABA DAABCII. Grammatical Structure21-40 CACCA DADCD CCABB DAAACIII. Reading Comprehension41-60 BCCBA ABACA DBBAC DDBCB61-70 AABBC CDDDCIV. Translation翻译答案略，翻译参考2013版文章24.蒸馏概述An Introduction to Distillation二、解析I. Vocabulary1.【答案】B【译文】在这个村庄住了几个月后，我们便如此喜欢它以至于决定在那儿永久定居下来。

【试题分析】此题为词组辨析题。

【词组辨析】for good永久地：He left his hometown forgood and never came back. 他永久地离开了故乡，再也没回来过。

A. in turn轮流；依次：They speak in turn at the meeting. 他们在会上依次发言。

C. as usual像往常一样：As usual, he has lunch at this small restaurant. 像往常一样，他在这家小饭馆吃午饭。

D. at most 最多：There are 10 minutes at most to go. 最多还有10分钟。

2.【答案】【译文】我感情上容易受伤是因为我很敏感。

【试题分析】词语辨析题，了解相近词的不同意义和用法。

【详细解答】sensitive意为“敏感的”，符合句意。

sensible“理智的”；sensational“令人吃惊的”；sentimental“多愁善感的”，均不符合句意。

3.【答案】D【译文】为了山区那些未受过良好教育的孩子们的利益，已筹集了一大笔资金。

【试题分析】此题为近义词辨析题。

凤凰卫视钻石卡学员——致谢万学海文凤凰卫视《鲁豫有约》栏目专访低起点高分考入中国人民大学的万学海文钻石卡学员。

该学员和家人在节目访谈中对万学海文钻石卡高端辅导给予了极高的评价，从而引发了整个教育对万学先进教学技术的高度关注，各大媒体随后竞相调研和报道了万学海文革命性的钻石卡高端辅导技术。

从而揭开了海文钻石卡发展的历程和帮助低起点学员考上理想院校的神秘面纱!该钻石卡学员是这样形容的：身边只报了一般课程的同学，有些郁闷，课程一结束，老师转身就走了，而他们也就只有闷头做题，可答案是对是错?回答得是否完全?谁都不知道。

我自己就不一样了，我的“钻石卡”不仅有老师为我答疑，而且还有专业咨询师每天监督我的学习。

尤其是对于我这样跨专业又跨院校考研的学生，许多专业知识都没有，经常需要专业咨询师为我分析案例、教我答题。

我的专业咨询师是浙大的公费研究生，他可是我们专业那年的最高分，对于如何答题才能得高分，他最有发言权，但是由于我的专业咨询师身在外地的学校，和我交流的方式大部分还是打电话和视频，已有时间我就去我梦想的校园去感受学习氛围，见导师，还可以旁听导师的课程，熟悉了导师的脾性和授课风格。

海文钻石卡，带给我的不仅仅是成功，我付出了，但我收获了更多更多。

该学员的一席话现场无数人震惊了也震撼了，无论从服务还是学习还是心理上都达到了一流的水平，考虑到了学生的方方面面，可谓考研的全程辅导专家，让家长省心也放心，尤其是这样一个以学生的利益为出发点得公司企业，让人不信服都难。

代表委员聚焦“用工荒”与“大学生就业难”2011年03月04日07:51齐鲁晚报我要评论(6)字号：T|T新春伊始，全国多地出现“用工荒”，企业用尽各种办法却招不来工人，连传统劳务输出地也频频告急。

而另一方面，大学毕业生就业形势严峻。

招工难与就业难并存，像一道谜题摆在整个社会面前。

3日，本报“两会三人行”栏目邀请了全国政协委员、山东省政协副主席、山东省工商联主席王乃静，全国人大代表、山东中瑞海产食品有限公司董事长于晓玉，走进本报“北京直播室”，本报首席评论员张金岭作为主持人，与两位嘉宾交流对话，把脉用工市场存在的问题，并提出建议。

2013届万学海文公共课学员6月份阶段测试题答案英语答题注意事项1. 考试要求考试时间：120分钟满分：100分2. 基本信息学员姓名:____________ 分数:_____ __ ___万学教育·公共课教学与研究中心Section I Use of English1．【答案】B【解析】本题考查词义搭配。

a flock of people 一群人。

a pack of后接人，表示贬义，故被排除。

multiple 倍数，不用a multiple of这种结构。

the bulk of接不可数名词，意为“大多数”，如：the bulk of the English population(1999年44题)。

2．【答案】A【解析】本题考查词义搭配。

loss不知所措，茫然。

panic惊恐，不能入选，因为它言过其实。

benefit 好处；surprise惊奇，均与本句句意相悖，故被排除。

3．【答案】C【解析】本题考查词义搭配。

advertising agency广告公司。

host 主人，主持人；advocate提倡者，鼓吹者；opponent反对者，均不符合句意。

4．【答案】D【解析】本题考查逻辑型结构搭配。

whil e “当……时”，可以引导分词短语。

as从语法结构上说，不能接现在分词短语表时间。

If和though与句意不符。

5．【答案】C【解析】本题考查结构搭配。

change在这里是名词，后可接介词from，表示“离开……后的变化”，表示区别。

6．【答案】B【解析】本题考查词义搭配。

第1段最后一句写道：“调查对象可能出于礼貌而不说实话”。

第2段就阐述两种人的说话音调表示不同的心理活动：前一种“不说实话”，后一种“真诚”。

所以从上下文看，此处选B项符合题意。

7．【答案】A【解析】本题考查词义搭配。

此句中with表示行为对象。

其他三个介词都表示“关于”。

8．【答案】D【解析】本题考查词义型结构搭配。

QUESTION BOOKLETTEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2013)—GRADE FOUR—TIME LIMIT: 135 MINPART I DICTATION [15 MIN] Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more.Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE.PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION [20 MIN]In Sections A, B and C you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the best answer to each question on Answer Sheet Two.SECTION A CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 1 to 3 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the conversation.1.According to the conversation, an example of “Christmas trimmings” could beA. presents.B. fruits.C. sauce.D. meat.2. A Christmas lunch would include all the following EXCEPTA. roast turkey.B. sweet potatoes.C. meat.D. carrots.3.Why did Helen come to Rob‟s house?A. She wanted to talk to Rob.B. She had come to help Rob.C. She had been invited to lunch.D. She was interested in cooking.Questions 4 to 7 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the conversation.4.Why did the woman phone the club?A. She wanted to know more about it.B. She was a new comer and felt lonely.C. She wanted to learn a new language.D. She was interested in social activities.5.We learn from the conversation that the clubA. mainly organizes language activities.B. accepts members from local students.C. has been set up for a long time.D. is increasing its membership.6.According to the conversation, the woman might come to practice German onA. Wednesday.B. Tuesday.C. Monday.D. Friday.7.What is the man going to do after the conversation?A. Call up the woman for her address.B. Wait for the woman to call him again.C. Mail the woman some information.D. Wait for the woman to pick up a form.Questions 8 to 10 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the conversation.8.According to the woman, what actually makes her job difficult?A. Difficult questions from interviewees.B. Embarrassing requests from interviewees.C. Lack of professional background.D. Lack of interviewing skills.9.The woman uses all the following adjectives when talking about attending job fairsEXCEPTA. prospective.B. useful.C. important.D. tiring.10.We learn from the conversation that the womanA. works better at job fairs.B. prefers honest people.C. often works on her own.D. is experienced in her work.SECTION B PASSAGESIn this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the passage.11.According to today's weather forecast, which part of Europe has dry weather?A. Scandinavian mountains.B. Northwestern Europe.C. Northern Europe.D. Southern Europe.12.In which part of Europe does the weather stay both fine and cool?A. Southern Europe.B. Northern Europe.C. Eastern Europe.D. Northwestern Europe.13.In which region will the weather change tomorrow?A. Northern parts of the Mediterranean.B. Eastern parts of the Mediterranean.C. Central parts of the Mediterranean.D. Southern parts of the Mediterranean.Questions 14 to 17 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the passage.14.According to the passage, what benefit can technology bring to people?A. Closer contact with modern devices.B. Greater changes in social organization.C. Better understanding of mass media.D. More useful information to better their life.15.The speaker questions about everybody's access to technological advances. The mainreason isA. illiteracy.B. poverty.C. food shortage.D. ignorance.16.According to the UN plan, all the following will be achieved within ten years EXCEPTA. giving everyone a radio or TV.B. starting to carry out the scheme in ten years.C. offering internet service to more people.D. providing more job opportunities.17.What could be the topic of the passage?A. Growth in telecommunications.B. Technology and the developing world.C. Education and medical care.D. Building an information society.Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the passage.18.People in Latin America wear something __________ to express their hopes for wealth inthe New Year.A. newB. redC. whiteD. yellow19.Which o f the following New Year‟s traditions signals friendship?A. Throwing old dishes.B. Wearing something red.C. Wearing something white.D. Eating round fruits.20.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as one's own New Year's tradition?A. Watching TV at home.B. Going to bed early.C. Visiting friends.D. Running and shouting outside.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section, you will hear several news items. Listen to them carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 21 and 22 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.21.What is happening to the schools in Fairfax County this school year?A. 15 schools have started social studies.B. 15 schools have used digital textbooks.C. Students are ready to use electronic resources.D. Digital textbooks are used for social studies.22.With digital textbooks, schools have saved about __________ million dollars.A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 4Questions 23 and 24 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.23.Who found the suspicious item at the airport?A. TSA agents.B. FBI agents.C. The police.D. Passengers.24.Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?A. The terminal was closed temporarily afterwards.B. There was a thorough search inside the airport.C. Passengers at the airport were safe and sound.D. The security authorities identified the explosives.Questions 25 and 26 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.25.According to the news item, doctors use art therapy to treat the following problemsEXCEPTA. alcohol abuse.B. smoking.C. depression.D. schizophrenia.26.Why did doctors introduce art therapy in the first place?A. To prevent patients from smoking.B. To better understand patients.C. To get patients occupied.D. To teach patients some skills.Question 27 and 28 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.27.What is the main purpose of the new rules?A. To reduce the number of pilots on duty.B. To prevent pilots from working overtime.C. To ensure an adequate amount of sleep.D. To fix the amount of work for each pilot.28.The Independent Pilots Association was unhappy about the new rules because theyA. had only covered cargo plane pilots.B. had failed to cover all the pilots.C. would be put into effect in two years.D. would be too costly if implemented.Questions 29 and 30 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.29.Why is increase in livestock production necessary?A. Because livestock production is highly efficient.B. Because more people will become wealthier.C. Because it may help double food production.D. Because it has fewer ecological risks.30.What does the word “challenge” mean in the news item?A. Balance between human survival and ecology.B. Conflict between less land and more production.C. Difference between present and future needs.D. Calls by environmental critics to consume less meat.PART III CLOZE [15 MIN]Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on Answer Sheet Two.Everyone knows that taxation is necessary in a modern state: without it, it (31) ______ not be possible to pay the soldiers and policemen who protect us; (32) ______ the workers in government offices who (33) ______ our health, our food, our water, and all the other things that we cannot do for ourselves. (34) ______ taxation, we pay for things that we need just (35) ______ we need somewhere to live and something to eat. But (36) ______ everyone knows that taxation is necessary, different people have different ideas about (37) ______ taxation should be arranged. 31. A. canB. mayC. couldD. would32. A. norB. neitherC. neverD. not33. A. look intoB. look overC. look afterD. look through34. A. In accordance withB. By means ofC. With reference toD. On account of35. A. as well asB. as good asC. as such asD. as much as36. A. ifB. whenC. thoughD. as37. A. whenB. howC. whyD. whichIn most countries, a direct tax on (38) ______, which is called income tax, (39) ______. It is arranged in such (40) ______ that the poorest people pay nothing, and the percentage of tax grows (41) ______ as the taxpayer's income grows. In some countries, for example, the tax on the richest people (42) ______ as high as ninety-five per cent!(43) ______ countries with taxation nearly (44) ______ have indirect taxation too. Many things imported into the country have to pay taxes or “duties.” Of course,it is the men and women who buy these imported things in the shops (45) ______ really have to pay the duties, in the (46) 38. A. personsB. sectorsC. communitiesD. classes39. A. remainsB. staysC. existsD. happens40. A. formB. wayC. measureD. method41. A. quickerB. speedierC. moreD. larger42. A. grows upB. increases upC. goes upD. lifts up43. A. ButB. ConsequentlyC. SimilarlyD. And44. A. periodicallyB. almostC. oftenD. always45. A. whichB. whoC. what______ of higher prices. In some countries, (47) ______, there is a tax on things sold in the shops. If the most necessary things are taxed, a lot of money is (48) ______ but the poor people suffer most. If unnecessary things (49) ______ jewels and fur coats are taxed, less money is obtained but the tax is (50) ______, as the rich pay it. 46. A. mannerB. formC. meansD. way47. A. eitherB. alsoC. tooD. often48. A. lentB. savedC. borrowedD. collected49. A. alikeB. likeC. asD. for50. A. heavierB. fairerC. finerD. betterPART IV GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY [15 MIN]There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two.51. Facing the board of directors, he didn‟t deny __________ breaking the agreement.A. himB. itC. hisD. its52. Xinchun returned from aboard a different man. The italicized part functions as a (n)__________.A. appositive (同位语)B. objectC. adverbialD. complement.53. Which of the following is a compound word (复合词)?A. Nonsmoker.B. Deadline.C. Meanness.D. Misfit.54. Which of the following sentences contains subjunctive mood?A. Lucy insisted that her son get home before 5 o‟clock?B. She used to drive to work, but now she takes the city metro.C. Walk straight ahead, and don't turn till the second traffic lights.D. Paul will cancel his flight if he cannot get his visa by Friday.55. The following determiners(限定词) can be used with both plural and uncountable nounsEXCEPTA. more.B. enough.C. many.D. such.56. Which of the italicized parts indicates CONTRAST?A. She opened the door and quietly went in.B. Victoria likes music and Sam is fond of sports.C. Think it over again and you‟ll get an answer.D. He is somewhat arrogant, and I don't like this.57. Which of the following CANNOT be used as a nominal substitute(名词替代词)?A. Much.B. Neither.C. One.D. Quarter.58. All the following sentences definitely indicate future time EXCEPTA. Mother is to have tea with Aunt Betty at four.B. The President is coming to the UN next week,C. The school pupils will be home by now.D. He is going to email me the necessary information.59. Which of the following sentences is grammatically INCORRECT?A. Politics are the art or science of government.B. Ten miles seems like a long walk to me.C. Mumps is a kind of infectious disease.D. All the furniture has arrived undamaged.60. Which of in the following phrases indicates a subject-predicate relationship?A. The arrival of the touristsB. The law of NewtonC. The occupation of the islandD. The plays of Oscar Wilde61. Which of the following italicized parts serves as an appositive?A. He is not the man to draw back.B. Tony hit back the urge to tell a lie.C. Larry has a large family to support.D. There is really nothing to fear.62. Which of the following is NOT an imperative sentence?A. Let me drive you home, shall I?B. You will mind your own business!C. Come and have dinner with us.D. I wish you could stay behind.63. If it _______ tomorrow, the match would be put off.A. were to rainB. was to rainC. was rainingD. had rained64. Which of the following sentences expresses a fact?A. Mary and her son must be home by now.B. Careless reading must give poor results.C. It‟s getting late, and I must leave now.D. He must be working late at the office.65. The following are all dynamic verbs(动态动词) EXCEPTA. remain.B. turn.C. write.D. knock.66. __________ to school life was less difficult than the pupil had expected.A. AdheringB. AdoptingC. AdjustingD. Acquainting67. He is fed up with the same old dreary routine, and wants to quit his job. The underlinedpart means __________.A. dullB. boringC. longD. hard68. At last night‟s party Larry said something that I though was beyond me. The underlinedpart means __________.A. I was unable to doB. I couldn‟t understandC. I was unable to stopD. I couldn‟t tolerate69. The couple __________their old house and sold it for a vast profit.A. did forB. did inC. did withD. did up70. Sally contributed a lot to the project, but she never once accepted all the __________ forherself.A. creditB. attentionC. focusD. award71. The child nodded, apparently content with his mother‟s promise. The underlined partmeans __________.A. as far as one has learntB. as far as one is concernedC. as far as one can seeD. as far as one is told72. The __________ that sport builds character is well accepted by people nowadays.A. issueB. argumentC. pointD. sentence73. Everyone in the office knows that Melinda takes infinite care over her work. Theunderlined part means __________.A. limitedB. unnecessaryC. overdueD. much74. The new measure will reduce the chance of serious injury in the event of an accident.The underlined part means __________.A. if an accident happensB. if an accident can be preventedC. before an accidentD. during an accident75. Traditionally, local midwives would __________ all the babies in the area.A. handleB. produceC. deliverD. help76. No food or drink is allowed on the premises. The underlined part means __________.A. propositionB. advertisementC. buildingD. string77. The court would not accept his appeal unless __________ evidence is provided.A. conclusiveB. definiteC. eventualD. concluding78. As soon as he opened the door, a __________ of cold air swept through the house.A. flowB. movementC. rushD. blast79. She really wanted to say something at the meeting, but eventually __________ from it.A. preventedB. refrainedC. limitedD. restricted80. The couple told the decorator that they wanted their bedroom gaily painted. Theunderlined part means __________.A. brightlyB. light-heartedlyC. cheerfullyD. lightlyPART V READING COMPREHENSION [25 MIN]In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer.Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two.TEXT AThe art of public speaking began in ancient Greece over 2,000 years ago. Now, twitter, instant messaging, e-mail, blogs and chat forums offer rival approaches to communication—but none can replace the role of a great speech.The spoken word can handle various vital functions: persuading or inspiring, informing, paying tribute, entertaining, or simply introducing someone or something or accepting something.Over the past year, the human voice has helped guide us over the ups and downs of what was certainly a stormy time.Persuasion is used in dealing with or reconciling different points of view. When the leaders met in Copenhagen in December 2009, persuasive words from activists encouraged them to commit themselves to firmer action.Inspirational speeches confront the emotions. They focus on topics and matters that are close to people's hearts. During wars, generals used inspiring speeches to prepare the troops for battle.A speech that conveys knowledge and enhances understanding can inform us. The information must be clear, accurate, and expressed in a meaningful and interesting way. When the H1N1 pandemic（流行病）was announced, the idea of “swine flu”（猪流感）scared many people. Informative speeches from World Health Organization officials helped people to keep their panic under control so they could take sensible precautions.Sad events are never easy to deal with but a speech that pays tribute to the loss of a loved one and gives praise for their contribution can be comforting. Madonna's speech about Michael Jackson, after his death, highlighted the fact that he will continue to live on through his music.It's not only in world forums where public speaking plays an important role. It can also be surprisingly helpful in the course of our own lives.If you‟re taking part in a debate you need to persuade the listeners of the soundness of your argument. In sports, athletes know the importance of a pep talk（鼓舞士气的讲话）before a match to inspire teammates. You yourself may be asked to do a presentation at college or work to inform the others about an area of vital importance.On a more personal level, a friend may be upset and need comforting. Or you might be asked to introduce a speaker at a family event or to speak at a wedding, where your language will be needed to move people or make them laugh.Great speaking ability is not something we're born with. Even Barack Obama works hard to perfect every speech. For a brilliant speech, there are rules that you can put to good use. To learn those rules you have to practice and learn from some outstanding speeches in the past.81. The author thinks the spoken word is still irreplaceable becauseA. it has always been used to inspire or persuade people.B. it has a big role to play in the entertainment business.C. it plays important roles in human communication.D. it is of great use in everyday-life context.82. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT about the role of public speaking?A. Speeches at world forums can lead to effective solutions to world problems.B. Speeches from medical authorities can calm people down in times of pandemics.C. The morale of soldiers before a battle can be boosted by senior officers' speeches.D. Speeches paying tribute to the dead can comfort the mourners.83. Public speaking can play all the following roles EXCEPTA. to convince people in a debate.B. to inform people at a presentation.C. to advise people at work.D. to entertain people at a wedding.84. According to the passage, which of the following best explains the author's view on“great speaking ability”?A. It comes from observing rules.B. It can be perfected with easy effort.C. It can be acquired from birth.D. It comes from learning and practice.85. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Public speaking in international forums.B. The many uses of public speaking.C. Public speaking in daily life context.D. The rules of public speaking.TEXT BEvery business needs two things, says Skullcandy CEO Rick Alden: inspiration and desperation. In 2001, Alden had both. He'd sold two snowboarding businesses, and he was desperately bored. But he had an idea: He wanted to make a new kind of headphone.“I kept seeing people missing their cell phone calls because they were listening to music,” he explains. Then I'm in a chairlift（索道）, I've got my headphones on, and I realize my phone is ringing. As 1 take my gloves off and reach for my phone, I think, “It can't be that tough to make headphones with two plugs, one for music and one for your cell phone.” Alden described what he wanted to a designer, perfected a prototype, and outsourced（外包）manufacturing overseas.Alden then started designing headphones into helmets, backpacks - anywhere that would make it easy to listen to music while snowboarding. “Selling into board and skate shops wasn't a big research effort,” he explains. “Those were the only guys I knew!”Alden didn‟t want to be a manufacturer. And by outsourcing, he'd hoped he could get the business off the ground without debt. But he was wrong. So he asked his wife, “Can I put a mortgage（抵押贷款）on the house? She said, …What is the worst thing that can happen? We lose the house, we sell our cars, and we start all over again.‟ I definitely married the right woman!”For the next two years, Alden juggled mortgage payments and payments to his manufacturers. “Factories won't ship your product till they get paid,” he says. “But it takes four or five months to get a mortgage company so upset that they knock on your door. So we paid the factory first.”Gradually, non-snowboarders began to notice the colorful headphones. In 2006, the company started selling them in 1,400 FYE (For Your Entertainment) stores. “We knew that nine out often people walking into that store would be learning about Skullcandy for the first time. Why would they look at brands they knew and take home a new brand instead? We had agreed to buy back anything we didn‟t sell, but we were dealing with huge numbers. I t‟d killus to take back all the products.”Alden‟s fears faded as Skullcandy became the No. 1 headphone selle r in those stores and tripled its revenue to $120 million in one year. His key insight was that headphones weren‟t gadgets; they were a fashion accessory. “In the beginning,” he says, “that little white wire that said you had an iPod—that was cool. But now wearing the white bud means you‟re just like everyone else. Headphones occupy this critical piece of cranial real estate and are highly visible.”Today, Skullcandy is America's second-largest headphone supplier, after Sony. With 79 employees, the company is bigger than Alden ever imagined.86. Alden came up with the idea of a new kind of headphone because heA. was no longer in snowboarding business.B. had no other business opportunities.C. was very fond of modern music.D. saw an inconvenience among mobile users.87. The new headphone was originally designed forA. snowboarders.B. motorcyclists.C. mountain hikers.D. marathon runners.88. Did Alden solve the money problem?A. He sold his house and his cars.B. Factories could ship products before being paid.C. He borrowed money from a mortgage company.D. He borrowed money from his wife's family.89. What did Alden do to promote sales in FYE stores?A. He spent more money on product advertising.B. He promised to buy back products not sold.C. He agreed to sell products at a discount.D. He improved the colour design of the product.90. Alden sees headphones asA. a sign of self-confidence.B. a symbol of status.C. part of fashion.D. a kind of device.TEXT CI was standing in my kitchen wondering what to have for lunch when my friend Taj called.“Sit down,” she said.I thought she was going to tell me she had just gotten the haircut from hell. I laughed and said, “It can't be that bad.”But it was. Before the phone call, I had 30 years of re tirement saving in a “safe” fund with a brilliant financial guru（金融大亨）.When I put down the phone, my savings were gone. I felt as if I had died and, for some unknown reason, was still breathing.Since Bernie Madoff‟s arrest on charges of running a $65 million Ponzi scheme, I‟ve read many articles about how we investors should have known what was going on. I wish I could say I had reservations about Madoff before “the Call”, but I did not.On New Year‟s Eve, three weeks after we lost our savings, six of us M adoff people gathered at Taj's house for dinner. As we were sitting around the table, someone asked, “If you could have your money back right now, but it would mean giving up what you have learned by losing it, would you take the money or would you take what losing the money has given you?”My husband was still in financial shock. He said, “I just want the money back.” I wasn't certain where I stood. I knew that losing our money had cracked me wide open. I‟d been walking around like what the Buddhists call a hungry ghost: always focused on the bite that was yet to come, not the one in my mouth. No matter how much I ate or had or experienced, it didn‟t satisfy me, because I wasn‟t really taking it in, wasn't absorbing it. Now I was forced to pay attention.Still, I couldn't honestly say that if someone had offered me the money back, I would turn it down.But the other four all said that what they were seeing about themselves was incalculable, and they didn‟t think it would have become apparent without the gro und of financial stability being ripped out from underneath them.。

2013年TEM8真题及答案TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2013)-GRADE EIGHT-TIME LIMIT: 195 MIN PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (35 MIN)SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE, using no more than three words in each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may refer to your notes while completing the task. Use the blank sheet for note-taking.Now listen to the mini-lecture.What Do Active Learners Do?There are difference between active learning and passive learning.Characteristics of active learners:I. reading with purposesA. before reading: setting goalsB. while reading: (1) ________ (1) ________II. (2) ______ and critical in thinking (2) ________i.e. information processing, e.g.— connections between the known and the new information— identification of (3) ______ concepts (3) ________— judgment on the value of (4) _____. (4) ________III. active in listeningA. ways of note-taking: (5) _______. (5) ________B. before note-taking: listening and thinkingIV. being able to get assistanceA. reason 1: knowing comprehension problems because of(6) ______. (6) ________B. reason 2: being able to predict study difficultiesV. being able to question informationA. question what they read or hearB. evaluate and (7) ______. (7) ________VI. last characteristicA. attitude toward responsibility— active learners: accept— passive learners: (8) _______ (8) ________B. attitude toward (9) ______ (9) ________— active learners: evaluate and change behaviour— passive learners: no change in approachRelationship between skill and will: will is more important in(10) ______. (10) ________Lack of will leads to difficulty in college learning.SECTION B INTERVIEWIn this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your answer sheet.Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.Now listen to the interview.1.According to the interviewer, which of the following best indicates the relationship betweenchoice and mobility?A.Better education → greater mobility → more choices.B.Better education → more choices → greater mobility.C.Greater mobility → better education → more choices.D.Greater mobility → more choices → better education.2.According to the interview, which of the following details about the first poll isINCORRECT?A.Shorter work hours was least chosen for being most important.B.Choices for advancement might have been favored by young people.C.High income failed to come on top for being most important.D.Job security came second according to the poll results.3.According to the interviewee, which is the main difference between the first and the secondpoll?A.The type of respondents who were invited.B.The way in which the questions were designed.C.The content area of the questions.D.The number of poll questions.4.What can we learn from the respondents’ answers to items 2, 4, and 7 in the second poll?A.Recognition from colleagues should be given less importance.B.Workers are always willing and ready to learn more new skills.C.Psychological reward is more important than material one.D.Work will have to be made interesting to raise efficiency.5.According to the interviewee, which of the following can offer both psychological andmonetary benefits?A.Contact with many people.B.Chances for advancement.C.Appreciation from coworkers.D.Chances to learn new skills.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the best answer to each question on your answer sheet.Questions 6 and 7 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the news.6.According to the news item, “sleepboxes” are designed to solve the problems of _________.A.airportsB.passengersC.architectspanies7.Which of the following is NOT true with reference to the news?A.Sleepboxes can be rented for different lengths of the time.B.Renters of normal height can stand up inside.C.Bedding can be automatically changed.D.Renters can take a shower inside the box.Question 8 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question.Now listen to the news.8.What is the news item mainly about?A.London’s preparations for the Notting Hill Carnival.B.Main features of the Notting Hill Carnival.C.Police’s preventive measures for the carnival.D.Police participation in the carnival.Questions 9 and 10 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the news.9.The news item reports on a research finding about _________.A.the Dutch famine and the Dutch womenB.early malnutrition and heart healthC.the causes of death during the famineD.nutrition in childhood and adolescence10.When did the research team carry out the study?A.At the end of World War II.B.Between 1944 and 1945.C.In the 1950s.D.In 2007.PART II READING COMPREHENSION (30 MIN)In this section there are four reading passages followed by a total of 20 multiple-choice questions. Read the passages and then mark the best answer to each question on your answer sheet.TEXT AThree hundred years ago news travelled by word of mouth or letter, and circulated in taverns and coffee houses in the form of pamphlets and newsletters. “The coffee houses particularly are very roomy for a free conversation, and for reading at an easier rate a ll manner of printed news,” noted one observer. Everything changed in 1833 when the first mass-audience newspaper, The New York Sun, pioneered the use of advertising to reduce the cost of news, thus giving advertisers access to a wider audience. The penny press, followed by radio and television, turned news from a two-way conversation into a one-way broadcast, with a relatively small number of firms controlling the media.Now, the news industry is returning to something closer to the coffee house. The internet is making news more participatory, social and diverse, reviving the distinctive characteristic of the era before the mass media. That will have profound effects on society and politics. In much of the world, the mass media are flourishing. Newspaper circulation rose globally by 6% between 2005 and 2009. But those global figures mask a sharp decline in readership in rich countries.Over the past decade, throughout the Western world, people have been giving up newspapers and TV news and keeping up with events in profoundly different ways. Most strikingly, ordinary people are increasingly involved in compiling, sharing, filtering, discussing and distributing news. Twitter lets people anywhere report what they are seeing. Classified documents are published in their thousands online. Mobile-phone footage of Arab uprisings and American tornadoes is posted on social-networking sites and shown on television newscasts. Social-networking sites help people find, discuss and share news with their friends.And it is not just readers who are challenging the media elite. Technology firms including Google, Facebook and Twitter have become important conduits of news. Celebrities and world leaders publish updates directly via social networks; many countries now make raw data available through “open government” initiatives. The internet lets people read newspapers or watch television channels from around the world. The web has allowed new providers of news, from individual bloggers to sites, to rise to prominence in a very short space of time. And it has madepossible entirely new approaches to journalism, such as that practiced by WikiLeaks, which provides an anonymous way for whistleblowers to publish documents. The news agenda is no longer controlled by a few press barons and state outlets.In principle, every liberal should celebrate this. A more participatory and social news environment, with a remarkable diversity and range of news sources, is a good thing. The transformation of the news business is unstoppable, and attempts to reverse it are doomed to failure. As producers of new journalism, individuals can be scrupulous with facts and transparent with their sources. As consumers, they can be general in their tastes and demanding in their standards. And although this transformation does raise concerns, there is much to celebrate in the noisy, diverse, vociferous, argumentative and stridently alive environment of the news business in the ages of the internet. The coffee house is back. Enjoy it.11.According to the passage, what initiated the transformation of coffee-house news tomass-media news?A.The emergence of big mass media firms.B.The popularity of radio and television.C.The appearance of advertising in newspapers.D.The increasing numbers of newspaper readers.12.Which of the following statements best supports “Now, the news industry is returning tosomething closer to the coffee house”?A.Newspaper circulation rose globally by 6% between 2005 and 2009.B.People in the Western world are giving up newspapers and TV news.C.Classified documents are published in their thousands online.D.More people are involved in finding, discussing and distributing news.13.According to the passage, which is NOT a role played by information technology?A.Challenging the traditional media.B.Planning the return to coffee-house news.C.Providing people with access to classified files.D.Giving ordinary people the chance to provide news.14.The author’s tone in the last paragraph towards new journalism is _________.A.optimistic and cautiousB.supportive and skepticalC.doubtful and reservedD.ambiguous and cautious15.In “The coffee house is back”, coffee house best symbolizes _________.A.the changing characteristics of news audienceB.the more diversified means of news distributionC.the participatory nature of newsD.the more varied sources of newsTEXT BParis is like pornography. You respond even if you don’t want to. You turn a corner and see a vista, and your imagination bolts away. Suddenly you are thinking about what it would be like tolive in Paris, and then you think about all the lives you have not lived. Sometimes, though, when you are lucky, you only think about how many pleasures the day ahead holds. Then, you feel privileged.The lobby of the hotel is decorated in red and gold. It gives off a whiff of 19th. century decadence. Probably as much as any hotel in Paris, this hotel is sexy. I was standing facing the revolving doors and the driveway beyond. A car with a woman in the back seat — a woman in a short skirt and black — leather jacket — pulled up before the hotel door. She swung off and she was wearing high heels. Normally, my mind would have leaped and imagined a story for this woman. Now it didn’t I stood there and told myself. Cheer up. You’re in Paris.In many ways, Paris is best visited in winter. The tourist crowds are at a minimum, and one is not being jammed off the narrow sidewalks along the Rue Dauphine. More than this. Paris is like many other European cities in that the season of blockbuster cultural events tends to begin in mid-to late fall and so, by the time of winter, most of the cultural treasures of the city are laid out to be admired.The other great reason why Paris in winter is so much better than Paris in spring and fall is that after the end of the August holidays and the return of chic Parisian women to their city, the restaurant-opening season truly begins hopping. By winter, many of the new restaurants have worked out their kinks(不足；困难) and, once the hype has died down, it is possible to see which restaurants are actually good and which are merely noisy and crowded.Most people are about as happy as they set their mind to being, Lincoln said. In Paris it doesn’t take much to be happy. Outside the hotel, the sky was pale and felt very high up. I walked the few blocks to the Seine and began running along the blue-green river toward the Eiffel Tower. The tower in the distance was black, and felt strange and beautiful the way that many things built for the joy of building do. As I ran toward it, because of its lattice structure, the tower seemed obviously delicate. Seeing it, I felt a sense of protectiveness.I think it was this moment of protectiveness that marked the change in my mood and my slowly becoming thrilled with being in Paris.During winter evenings, Paris’s streetlamps have a halo and resemble dandelions. In winter, when one leaves the Paris street and enters a cafe or restaurant, the light and temperature change suddenly and dramatically, there is the sense of having discovered something secret. In winter, because the days are short, there is an urgency to the choices one makes. There is the sense that life is short and so let us decide on what matters.16. According to the passage, once in Paris one might experience all the following feelings EXCEPT _________.A.regretB.condescensionC.expectationD.impulse17.Winter is the best season to visit Paris. Which of the following does NOT support thisstatement?A.Fashionable Parisian women return to Paris.B.More entertainment activities are staged.C.There are more good restaurants to choose from.D.There are fewer tourists in Paris.18.“Most people are about as happy as they set their mind to being.” This statement means thatmost people _________.A.expect to be happyB.hope to be as happy as othersC.would be happier if they wantedD.can be happy if they want19.In the eyes of the author, winter in Paris is significant because of _________.A.the atmosphere of its eveningsB.its implications for lifeC.the contrast it bringsD.the discovery one makes20.At the end of the passage, the author found himself in a mood of _________.A.excitementB.thoughtfulnessC.lonelinessD.joyfulnessTEXT CIf you want to know why Denmark is the world’s leader in wind power, start with a three-hour car trip from the capital Copenhagen — mind the bicyclists — to the small town of Lem on the far west coast of Jutland. You’ll feel it as you cross the 6.8 km-long Great Belt Bridge: Denmark’s bountiful wind, so fierce even on a calm summer’s day that it threatens to shove your car into the waves below. But wind itself is only part of the reason. In Lem, workers in factories the size of aircraft hangars build the wind turbines sold by Vestas, the Danish company that has emerged as the industry’s top manufacturer around the globe. The work is both gross and fine; employees weld together massive curved sheets of steel to make central shafts as tall as a 14-story building, and assemble engine housings (机器外罩) that hold some 18, 000 separate parts. Most impressive are the turbine’s blades, which scoop the wind with each sweeping revolution. As smooth as an Olympic swimsuit and honed to aerodynamic perfection, each blade weighs in at 7,000 kg, and they’re what help make Vestas’ turbines the best in the world. “The blade is where the secret is,” says Erik Therkelsen, a Vestas executive. “If we can make a turbine, it’s sold.”But technology, like the wind itself, is just one more part of the reason for Denmark’s dominance. In the end, it happened because Denmark had the political and public will to decide that it wanted to be a leader — and to follow through. Beginning in 1979, the government began a determined programme of subsidies and loan guarantees to build up its wind industry. Copenhagen covered 30% of investment costs, and guaranteed loans for large turbine exporters such as Vestas. It also mandated that utilities purchase wind energy at a preferential price — thus guaranteeing investors a customer base. Energy taxes were channeled into research centres, where engineers crafted designs that would eventually produce cutting-edge giants like Vestas’ 3-magawatt (MW) V90 turbine.As a result, wind turbines now dot Denmark. The country gets more than 19% of its electricity from the breeze (Spain and Portugal, the next highest countries, get about 10%) andDanish companies control one-third of the global wind market, earning billions in exports and creating a national champion from scratch. “They were out early in driving renewables, and that gave them the chance to be a technology leader and a job-creation leader,” says Jake Schmidt, international climate policy director for the New York City-based Natural Resources Defense Council. “They have always been one or two steps ahead of others.”The challenge now for Denmark is to help the rest of the world catch up. Beyond wind, the country (pop.5.5 million) is a world leader in energy efficiency, getting more GDP per watt than any other member of the E.U. Carbon emissions are down 13.3% from 1990 levels and total energy consumption has barely moved, even as Denmark’s economy continued to grow at a healthy clip. With Copenhagen set to host all-important U.N. climate change talks in December —where the world hopes for a successor to the expiring Kyoto Protocol — and the global recession beginning to hit environmental plans in capitals everywhere, Denmark’s example couldn’t b e more timely.“We’ll try to make Denmark a showroom,” says Prime Minister Anders Fogh Rasmussen. “You can reduce energy use and carbon emissions, and achieve economic growth.”It’s tempting to assume that Denmark is innately green, with the kind of Scand inavian good conscience that has made it such a pleasant global citizen since, oh, the whole Viking thing. But the country’s policies were actually born from a different emotion, one now in common currency: fear. When the 1973 oil crisis hit, 90% of Denmar k’s energy came from petroleum, almost all of it imported. Buffeted by the same supply shocks that hit the rest of the developed world, Denmark launched a rapid drive for energy conservation, to the point of introducing car-free Sundays and asking businesses to switch off lights during closing hours. Eventually the Mideast oil started flowing again, and the Danes themselves began enjoying the benefits of the petroleum and natural gas in their slice of the North Sea. It was enough to make them more than self-sufficient. But unlike most other countries, Denmark never forgot the lessons of l973, and kept driving for greater energy efficiency and a more diversified energy supply. The Danish parliament raised taxes on energy to encourage conservation and established subsidies and standards to support more efficient buildings. “It all started out without any regard for the climate or the environment,” says Svend Auken, the former head of Denmark’s opposition Social Democrat Party and the architect of the country’s environmental policies in the 1990s. “But today there’s a consensus that we need to build renewable power.”To the rest of the world, Denmark has the power of its example, showing that you can stay rich and grow green at the same time. “Denmark has proven that acting on climate can be a positive experience, not just painful,” says NRDC’s Schmidt. The real pain could come from failing to follow in their footsteps.21.Which of the following is NOT cited as a main reason for Denmark’s world leadership inwind power?A.Technology.B.Wind.ernment drive.D.Geographical location.22.The author has detailed some of the efforts of the Danish Government in promoting the windindustry in order to show _________.A.the government’s determinationB.the country’s subsidy and loan p oliciesC.the importance of export to the countryD.the role of taxation to the economy23.What does the author mean by “Denmark’s example couldn’t be more timely”?A.Denmark’s energy-saving efforts cannot be followed by other countries.B.Denmark can manufacture more wind turbines for other countries.C.Denmark’s energy-saving success offers the world a useful model.D.Denmark aims to show the world that it can develop even faster.24.According to the passage, Denmark’s energy-saving policies originated from _________.A.the country’s long tradition of environmental awarenessB.the country’s previous experience of oil shortageC.the country’s grave shortage of natural resourcesD.the country’s abundant wind resources25.Which of the following is NOT implied in the passage?A.Not to save energy could lead to serious consequences.B.Energy saving cannot go together with economic growth.C.Energy saving efforts can be painful but positive.D.Denmark is a powerful leader in the global wind market.TEXT DThe first clue came when I got my hair cut. The stylist offered not just usual coffee or tea but a complementary nail-polish change while I waited for my hair to dry. Maybe she hoped this little amenity would slow the growing inclination of women to stretch each haircut to last four months while nursing our hair back to whatever natural colour we long ago forgot.Then there was the appliance salesman who offered to carry my bags as we toured the microwave aisle. When I called my husband to ask him to check some specs online, the salesman offered a pre-emptive discount, lest the surfing turn up the same model cheaper in another store. That night, for the first time, I saw the Hyundai ad promising shoppers that if they buy a car and then lose their job in the next year, they can return it.Suddenly e verything’s on sale. The upside to the economic downturn is the immense incentive it gives retailers to treat you like a queen for a day. During the flush times, salespeople were surly, waiters snobby. But now the customer rules, just for showing up. There’s more room to stretch out on the flight, even in a coach. The malls have that serene aura of undisturbed wilderness, with scarcely a shopper in sight. Every conversation with anyone selling anything is a pantomime of pain and bluff. Finger the scarf, then start to walk away, and its price floats silkily downward. When the mechanic calls to tell you that brakes and a timing belt and other services will run close to $2,000,it’s time to break out the newly perfected art of the considered pause. You really d on’t even have to say anything pitiful before he’ll offer to knock a few hundred dollars off.Restaurants are also caught in a fit of ardent hospitality, especially around Wall Street. Trinity Place offers $3 drinks at happy hour any day the market goes d own, with the slogan “Market tanked? Get tanked!” —which ensures a lively crowd for the closing bell. The “21” Club has decided that men no longer need to wear ties, so long as they bring their wallets. Food itself is friendlier: you notice more comfort food, a truce between chef and patron that is easier to enjoynow that you can get a table practically anywhere. New York Times restaurant critic Frank Bruni characterizes the new restaurant demeanor as “extreme solicitousness tinged with outright desperati on.” “You need to hug the customer,” one owner told him.There’s a chance that eventually we’ll return all this kindness with the extravagant spending that was once decried but now everyone is hoping will restart the economy. But human nature is funny that way. In dangerous times, we clench and squint at the deal that looks too good to miss, suspecting that it must be too good to be true. Is the store with the supercheap flat screens going to go bust and thus not be there to honor the “free” extended warran ty? Is there something wrong with that free cheese? Store owners will tell you horror stories about shoppers with attitude, who walk in demanding discounts and flaunt their new power at every turn. They wince as they sense bad habits forming: Will people expect discounts forever? Will their hard-won brand luster be forever cheapened, especially for items whose allure depends on their being ridiculously priced?There will surely come a day when things go back to “normal”; retail sales even inched up in January after sinking for the six months. But I wonder what it will take for us to see those $545 Sigerson Morrison studded toe-ring sandals as reasonable? Bargain-hunting can be addictive regardless of the state of the markets, and haggling is a low-risk, high-value contact sport. Trauma digs deep into habits, like my 85-year-old mother still calling her canned-goods cabinet “the bomb shelter.” The children of the First Depression were saving string and preaching sacrifice long after the skies cleared. They cam e to be called the “greatest generation.” As we learn to be decent stewards of our resources, who knows what might come of it? We have lived in an age of wanton waste, and there is value in practicing conservation that goes far beyond our own bottom line.26.According to the passage, what does “the first clue” suggest?A.Shops try all kinds of means to please customers.B.Shops, large or small, are offering big discounts.C.Women tend to have their hair cut less frequently.D.Customers refrain from buying things impulsively.27.Which of the following best depicts the retailers now?A.Bad-tempered.B.Highly motivated.C.Over-friendly.D.Deeply frustrated.28.What does the author mean by “the newly perfected art of the considered pause”?A.Customers now rush to buy things on sale.B.Customers have got a sense of superiority.C.Customers have learned how to bargain.D.Customers have higher demands for service.29.According to the passage, “shoppers...flaunt their new power at every turn” means thatshoppers would _________.A.keep asking for more discountsB.like to show that they are powerfulC.like to show off their wealthD.have more doubts or suspicion30.What is the author’s main message in the last two paragraphs?A.Extravagant spending would boost economic growth.B.One’s life experience would turn into lifelong habits.C.Customers should expect discounts for luxury goods.D.The practice of frugality is of great importance.PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN)There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Mark the best answer to each question on your answer sheet.31.The full official name of Australia is _________.A.The Republic of Australia.B.The Commonwealth of Australia.C.The Federation of Australia.D.The Union of Australia.32.Canada is well known for all the following EXCEPT _________.A.its mineral resourcesB.its forest resourcesC.its fertile and arable landD.its heavy industries33.In the United States community colleges offer _________.A.two-year programmesB.four-year programmesC.postgraduate studiesD. B.A. or B.S. degrees34.In _________, referenda in Scotland and Wales set up a Scottish parliament and a Walesassembly.A.2000B.1946C.1997D.199035.Which of the following clusters of words is an example of alliteration?A. A weak seal.B.Safe and sound.C.Knock and kick.D.Coat and boat.36.Who wrote Mrs. Warren’s Profession?A.John GalsworthyB.William Butler YeatsC.T.S. EliotD.George Bernard Shaw37.Sister Carrie by Theodore Dreiser is a(n) _________.A.novelB.short storyC.poem。

机密★启用前2012届全国硕士研究生入学统一考试(万学海文2012届钻石卡学员强化阶段测试卷二)英语(一)答题注意事项1．本试卷考试时间180分钟，满分100分.2．试卷后面附有参考答案，供钻石卡学员测试后核对.2012届万学海文钻石卡学员强化阶段测试卷二考试时间：180分钟满分：100分学员姓名：是否学数学：目标院校和专业：总分：Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A，B，C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Culture itself must be transmitted, and the most effective way is through the family. Parents teach their children the ideas and traditions they 1 from their own parents. For this reason the 2 became increasingly important; the practical applications of cultural tradition, such as hunting for food, 3 children and tending the sick, may have been the obvious methods to use when more than one family came together in a joint activity.Families provide friends, people who can be trusted, and trust can be 4 through intermarriage. Thus the whole societies come to be formed, in which the relationships between kin act 5 guidelines for daily behavior and establish important social values. Sometimes traditional ways even become 6 into laws. The original reasons may be lost, but a process is 7 . The society survives where others fail 8 its members’ behavior is controlled for the benefit of all 9 laws, customs, and traditional beliefs.Furthermore, in cultural traditions 10 from generation to generation, humans have a kind of cultural capital on which to draw. By 11 account of past wisdom we can look into the future and plan for events that are not always 12 . The fact that we make 13 repeatedly to a standard pattern, and use them to make other tools, 14 us clearly from other animals. It indicates cultural factors at work 15 instinct. A sea otter may learn to break shellfish open with rocks, but it will not 16 to change an unsatisfactory stone. The difference 17 the power of the human brain not only to 18 the outside world, to see and react to it, but also to conceive of what it might be. That is—to 19 a world unseen and unknown, and to foresee possibilities within it. Imagination enables us to 20 our own world.1. [A]obtained [B]learned [C]procured [D]acquired2. [A]school [B]society [C]parents [D]family3. [A]educating [B]rearing [C]training [D]bringing4. [A]weakened [B]supposed [C]reinforced [D]increased5. [A]as [B]from [C]with [D]like6. [A]civilized [B]formalized [C]categorized [D]centralized7. [A]recorded [B]found [C]established [D]reversed8. [A]but [B]so [C]though [D]because9. [A]for [B]by [C]in [D]from10. [A]passed [B]come [C]moved [D]delivered11. [A]making [B]giving [C]taking [D]keeping12. [A]convenient [B]possible [C]available [D]predictable13. [A]tools [B]fires [C]food [D]clothes14. [A]tells [B]differs [C]distinguishes [D]identities15. [A]but [B]besides [C]than [D]beyond16. [A]attempt [B]experiment [C]strive [D]struggle17. [A]holds up [B]lies in [C]rests with [D]contributes to18. [A]perceive [B]recognize [C]sense [D]observe19. [A]assume [B]dream [C]imagine [D]guess20. [A]make [B]create [C]invent [D]designSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A], [B], [C] or [D]. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1Business travelers used to be the cash cows of the hotel business. Armed with corporate credit cards and expense accounts, they’d happily lay down hundreds of do llars per night for the privilege of a Godiva chocolate on their pillow and a sunken whirlpool tub in their bathroom. But just as prolonged corporate belt tightening has forced road warriors to use budget airlines, more and more of them are now eschewing five-star lodging in favor of cheaper accommodations. Indeed, earlier this year the US-based National Business Travel Association released figures showing that 61 percent of corporate travel managers planned to book their people into lower-priced hotels in the coming year.Here’s the good news: penny-pinching is translating into better deals at cheap and up-market hotels alike. Services at middle-market hotels are rising to accommodate a new wave of more demanding corporate customers. And luxury hotels are working harder to keep business travelers coming, offering lower rates, special packages and extra services. Even though business-travel volume is set to rise by more than 4 percent in 2004 after three dismal years, hotels will continue to be under pressure—in large part because a weak dollar is forcing American business travelers to search for value.Some of the best deals are coming from the big chains. In January Starwood Hotels announced it would upgrade its global middle-market brand, Four Points, by rolling out free high-speed wireless Internet access in all guest rooms. On the flip side, upscale brands like Inter Continental and Ritz Carlton are selling empty rooms at discount rates via online services. That has the effect of depressing luxury-room prices, because corporate travel managers can now demand that hotels match their own discount prices all the time. Inter Continental hotels in France and Germany have been hit so hard that they are actually repricing their rooms to reflect rates before the dollar began falling. Upscale hotels like Waldorf-Astoria, Sofitel are also trying to offer extra services.But beware of new, hidden fees. In an effort to make up some of their fast revenue, hotels are starting to charge corporate travelers for things that used to be free—including breakfast, banquet or meeting rooms.Aside from saving companies money, the trend in frugal business travel may give rise to a whole new market segment: the buy-to-let hotel room. Last week in London, British property developer Johnny Sandelson launched GuestInvest, a hotel in Notting Hill where users can purchase a room for￡235, 000, use it for a maximum of 52 nights a year themselves, then rent it out the rest of the time to make extra money. It seems an idea whose time has come: GuestInvest says it has already fielded hundreds of calls from business people interested in making a cheaper hotel their second home.21. According to the passage, business travelers used to __________[A]take budget airlines.[B]book lower-priced hotels.[C]enjoy privileges in hotels.[D]be customers of luxurious hotels.22. How do hotels react to the penny-pinching policy?[A]They have to raise their rates.[B]They charge more on extra services.[C]They offer better deals for travelers.[D]They are suffering successive dismal.23. Travelers can now demand hotels to match their own prices because _________[A]travelers only have limited budget.[B]hotels are trying hard to keep good business.[C]hotels are trying to depress their prices.[D]travelers demand far extra services.24. Compared with traditional hotels, the buy-to-let hotel _________[A]provides better room and service.[B]attracts more attentions from travelers.[C]costs less and can be profitable.[D]make travelers feel more at home.25. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?[A] Traditional hotels will suffer more pressure than they used to.[B]GuestInvest has made a great success.[C] Business travelers will spend less time in hotels.[D]Traditional hotels will lose many customers.Text 2Harvard University plans to spend at least $50 million over the next decade to create a more diverse academic community in all disciplines, including throughout the sciences. President Lawrence Summers announced the outlay this week after receiving two reports commissioned in February following his comments about the ability of women to do science, which triggered a national debate.The initiative will tackle all aspects of gender and minority issues, from the safety of women working late at night at research labs to the need for a high-level advocate within the Harvard administration. Such a comprehensive strategy is essential, say the chairs of the two task forces that reported to Sum mers. “Women need to see careers in science as desirable and realistic life choices,” says Barbara Grosz, a computer scientist who led one of the task forces that focused on science and engineering. A second task force, led by science historian Evelynn Hammonds, examined challenges facing all women faculty.Outside researchers are impressed with the breadth of the recommendations. “This is very encouraging,” says Donna Nelson, a chemist at the University of Oklahoma, Norman, who tracks the status of women and minority academic scientists. “If they can implement this, they can take a leadership role.”Harvard has long been criticized by its lack of diversity of science faculty in several disciplines, a situation made worse by Harvard’s decentralized s tructure and its policy not to grant tenure to junior faculty, task force members said. Last year, for example, four women and 28 men in the school of arts and sciences received tenure offers. But the long-simmering issue did not come to a head until Summe rs’s comments at a January workshop on women in science became public. The resulting outcry triggered a faculty vote of no confidence in Summers, whoapologized repeatedly.Hammonds’s committee called for a senior provost for diversity and faculty deve lopment to work with Harvard deans to promote gender and ethnic equity. Harvard Provost Steven Hyman hopes to name that person—who likely would come from within Harvard—by September. The panel also proposed two funds, one to provide partial salary support for hiring scholars who increase diversity, the second to fund their labs. It said Harvard should begin to gather systematic data on faculty hiring, retention, and other measures and make the academic culture more family-friendly, through enhanced maternity leave practices, child-care support, and adjustments to the tenure clock. Grosz’s panel urged the university to set up summer research programs for undergraduates, expand mentoring for all students, and provide research money for faculty juggling family and career.Funding will not be a problem, Summers assured reporters, referring to the likelihood of “more resources allotted down the road.” The biggest challenge Harvard faces, he said, is to overcome “issues of culture” within a university created “by men for men.” Harvard is accepting comments on the report through the end of June, and academics around the country will be watching closely to see how well Harvard succeeds in transforming that culture.26. What measure will probably be taken in the Harvard initiative?[A]Renovating the old buildings in Harvard.[B]Pressing for an enhance in Harvard’s administration.[C]Providing better working conditions for women faculty.[D]Offering more social and financial aid for overseas students.27. From the fourth paragraph we can infer that __________[A]it is rather difficult for young teachers to seek employment in Harvard.[B]there are many kinds of courses offered in Harvard’s science disciplines.[C]teachers are dissatisfied with Harvard’s policies only recently.[D]Summers has been enjoying a high devotion of the faculty.28. The word “juggling” (Line 9, Para. 5) most probably means _________[A]joking. [B]balancing. [C]struggling. [D]fighting.29. According to Summers, the biggest challenge that Harvard faces is that _________[A] it is difficult to revise some people’s opinion in male-dominated Harvard.[B]resources are scanty for allocation in the future.[C] there is not enough money available for the project.[D]cultural differences may cause many social issues in the university.30. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?[A]Cultural Differences. [B]Safety of Women.[C]University Administration. [D]Academic Equity.Text 3In the 90’s, people went crazy about wireless. Electronic communications once thought bound permanently to the world of cables and hard-wired connections suddenly were sprung free, and the possibilities seemed endless. Entrenched monopolies would fall, and a new uncabled era would usher in a level of intimate contact that would not only transform business but change human behavior. Such was the view by the end of that groundbreaking decade—the 1890s.To be sure, the wild publicity of those days wasn’t all hot air. Marconi’s “magic box” and itscontemporaneous inventions kicked off an era of profound changes, not the least of which was the advent of broadcasting. So it does seem strange that a century later, the debate once more is about how wireless will change everything. And once again, the noisy confusion is justified. Changes are on the way that are arguably as earth shattering as the world’s first wireless transformation.Certainly a huge part of this revolution comes from introducing the most powerful communication tools of our time. Between our mobile phones, our BlackBerries and Treos, and our Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity) computers, we’re always on and always connected—and soon our cars and our appliances will be, too. While there has been considerable planning for how people will use these tools and how they’ll pay for them, the wonderful reality is that, as with the Internet, much of the action in the wireless world will ultimately emerge from the imaginative twists and turns that are possible when digital technology trumps the analog mindset of telecom companies and government regulators.Wi-Fi is itself a shining example of how wireless innovation can shed the tethers of conventional wisdom. At one point, it was assumed that when people wanted to use wireless devices for things other than conversation, they’d have to rely on the painstakingly drawn, investment-heavy standards adopted by the giant corporations that earn a lot through your monthly phone bill. But then some researchers came up with a new communications standard exploiting an unlicensed part of the spectrum. It was called 802.11, and only later sexed up with the name Wi-Fi.Though the range of signal was only some dozens of meters, Wi-Fi turned out to be a great way to wirelessly extend an Internet connection in the home or office. A new class of activist was born: the bandwidth liberator, with a goal of extending free wireless internet to anyone venturing within the range of a free hotspot. Meanwhile, Apple Computer seized on the idea as a consumer solution, others followed and now Wi-Fi is as common as the modem once was.31. Wireless technology is introduced as _________[A]an important fruit in daily life.[B]the opening of a new uncabled era.[C]a supplement to cable communications.[D]a new type of monopoly.32. The assumption of the future is not all hot air because _________[A]Marconi made a profound change in the past.[B]the wireless technology will change everything.[C]the possibility of wireless technology is justified.[D]the wireless technology is already sophisticated.33. By mentioning Internet, the author means that _________[A]the wireless technology will be popularized as the Internet.[B]we are always online and always connected.[C]the Internet will be wireless soon.[D]the wireless technology will become a monopoly.34. According to the passage, the Wi-Fi standard ________[A]is based on the conventional wisdom.[B]adopted an unlicensed part of the spectrum.[C]relies on the standards by the giant corporations.[D]is created solely by some geeks.35. From the author's point of view, the Wi-Fi technology will _________[A]be replaced soon.[B]be controlled by giant corporations like Apple.[C]extend to every home and office.[D]become a necessity as a mode.Text 4Johanna Levelt Sengers stands at the top of her profession but confesses that“it can be a little lonely” as one of only two women in the 82-member engineering sciences section of the U. S. National Academy of Sciences (NAS). A scientist emeritus at the National Institute of Standards and Technology, she belongs to both NAS and its partner, the National Academy of Engineering, where she’s one of seven women within the 173-member chemical engineering section. So in late 2004, when she was asked to co-chair an internetional panel on women in science with Manju Sharma of India, they decided to examine not just women’s place in society but also their status within the 90 national academies that had requested the report.The report, posted last week by the Inter Academy Council (IAC), offers a refreshingly candid assessment of the problems facing women trying to enter and move up in the world of science and engineering. Although it strikes familiar chords about the need to remove barriers and increase opportunities for girls and women, it sings a new tune in commanding the national academies themselves to “first put their own houses in order”. In addition to choosing more women as members and leaders of their organizations, each national academy should form a standing committee on diversity to gather and discuss gender-related data, it says.“Wow. This is far more hard-hitting and to the point than I had expected,” says Donna Dean, president of the Association for Women in Science in Washington, D. C. , and a former senior administrator at the National Institutes of Health, who is now at the Washington, D. C. , science-lobbying firm of Lewis-Burke Associates. “It tells the various academies to stop pontificating about the right thing to do and start showing it in how they operate.”The report was funded in part by a $50, 000 grant from L’Oreal. Since 1998, the France-based cosmetics company has honored outstanding women scientists around the world—including five of the eight women on the 10-person IAC panel. Jennifer Campbell, who heads the company’s philanthropic efforts, says she would like to see across-the-board parity for women in science. But Levelt Sengers says she thinks that “a reasonable goal would be no major disparity between the percentage of Ph. D. degrees awarded to women in a particular field and the percentage elected in that field”. Most academies are a far cry from reaching even that level.NAS President Ralph Cicerone says that there's “no magic bullet” for adding women to the academy's ranks but that NAS is trying to increase their chances of gaining the type of recognition—through service on academy panels, keynote speeches, and major scientific awards—that traditionally leads to NAS membership. NAS has no plans “to collapse its activities into one committee on gender issues,”he says, adding that the challenge calls for “a sustained effort... along the entire pipeline”.36. From the first paragraph we can learn that _________[A]Johanna Levelt Sengers is very successful in her career.[B]Johanna Levelt Sengers feels very lonely in family life.[C]there are 82 women working in the National Academy of Sciences.[D]the panel will only address the issue of women’s status in the natio nal academies.37. By saying “first put their own houses in order” (Lines 4-5, Para. 2), the author probably means _________[A]they should do their only housework properly.[B]house tidiness should be put in a priority.[C]women scientists should not be stuck by housework.[D]they should first settle problems occurring in their institutions.38. According to Donna Dean, __________[A]she didn’t expect the problem being so hard to tackle.[B]the work of the report is quite fruitful.[C]academies have the duty to inform people of the right thing to do.[D]common people know how they operate by instinct.39. It can be inferred from the fourth paragraph that _________[A]L’Oreal is the sole company that funds the report.[B]Jenni for Campbell is the head of L’Oreal company.[C]the number of Ph. D. degrees awarded to women is still unproportionate.[D]Most academies have a high percentage of Ph. D. degrees awarded to women.40. What can we learn from the passage?[A]The pre sent situation of women’s social status is satisfying.[B]NAS will address gender-related problems one by one.[C]The report posted by IAC doesn’t give a clear evaluation of gender problems.[D]The only aim of the report was to remove barriers and increase chances for women.Part BDirections:The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order. For questions41~45, you are required to reorganize the paragraphs into a coherent text by choosing from the list [A]~[G] to fill in each numbered box. The first and last paragraphs have been placed for you in Boxes. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)[A] One cannot think of any public statement of hers that was especially brilliant or witty. She was more innocent than clever; even her confession of an affair to a reporter sounded girlish. If pressed, few could say exactly what it was that made her so important, especially to people outside England, except for the fact that one could not take one’s eyes off the woman.[B] Her life never seemed as tragic as it was often made out—just sad, and a little off. She married the wrong man. Her in-laws could be vindictive. For every photographer eager to capture a picture of her in one of those astonishing evening gowns or hats, another was skulking in the bushes ready to bring her down.[C] The sudden death of an admired public person always seems an impossibility. People ascribe invulnerability, near immortality to our centers of attention. John Kennedy dies, and it could not happen. John Lennon dies, and it could not happen. Elvis, and Grace Kelly, and shock after shock. And now this death of a young woman by whom the world had remained transfixed from the moment she first appeared before it, whose name contained the shadow of her end: Princess Di.[D] In a way, she was more royal than the royals. She had a higher station than the Queen of England; she was the titular young monarch of her own country and of every other place in the world. She was the sentimental favorite figurehead, who was authorized to sign no treaties, command no armies, and make no wars. All she had was the way she looked and sounded and carried herself. No model or actress could hold a candle to her. She was the image every child has of a princess----the one who can feel the pea under the mattresses, who kisses the frog, who lets down her hair from the tower window.[E] But who would have believed it? People thought every thought that could be thought about Diana, butnot death. She was beauty, death’s antithesis. Beauty is given not o nly a special place of honor in the world but also a kind of permanence, as if it were an example of tendency of nature to perfect itself, and therefore something that once achieved, lives forever.[F] Yet that was no small thing. Diana was someone one had to look at, and such a person comes along once in a blue moon. She had a soft heart; that was evident. She had a knack for helping people in distress. And all such qualities rose in a face that everyone was simply pleased to see.[G] Her marriage was gone long before her death. As the years went on, it is likely that there would have been other romances after Dodi Al Fayed to titillate the throngs. Exactly how her life would have progressed is hard to imagine. She would have continued to be a good mother and a worker for the ill and the poor; she would have been pictured from time to time at a dinner party or on a boat. In older age she might have become the King’s mother, welcomed back into the royal family at a time of life that is automatically accorded stature. How would she have looked? The hair whiter, the skin a bit more lined, but the eyes would still have had that sweet mixture of kindness and longing. By then the story of her and Charles, the scandals and recriminations, might have been lost in smoke.Order:C →41. →42. →43. →44. →45. →GPart CDirections:Read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation must be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)There is no question that science-fiction writers have become more ambitious, stylistically and thematically, in recent years. (46) But this may have less to do with the luring call of academic surroundings than with changing market conditions—a factor that academic critics rarely take into account. Robert Silverberg, a former president of The Science Fiction Writers of America, is one of the most prolific professionals in a field dominated by people who actually write for a living. (Unlike mystery or Western writers, most science-fiction writers cannot expect to cash in on fat movie sales or TV tie-ins.) (47) Still in his late thirties, Silverberg has published more than a hundred books, and he is disarmingly frank about the relationship between the quality of genuine prose and the quality of available outlet. By his own account, he was “an annoyingly verbal young man” from Brooklyn who picked up his first science-fiction book at the age of ten, started writing seriously at the age of thirteen, and at seventeen nearly gave up in despair over his inability to break into the pulp magazines. (48) At his parents’ urging, he enrolled in Columbia University, so that, if worst came to worst, he could always go to the School of Journalism and “get a nice steady job somewhere”. During his sophomore year, he sold his first science-fiction story to a Scottish magazine named Nebula. By the end of his junior year, he had sold a novel and twenty more stories. (49) By the end of his senior year, he was earning two hundred dollars a week writing science fiction, and his parents were reconciled to his pursuit of the literary life. “I became very cynical very quickly,” he says. First I couldn’t sell anything, then I could sell everything. The market played to my worst characteristics. An editor of a schlock magazine would call up to tell me he had a ten-thousand-word hole to fill in his next issue. I’d fill it overnight for a hundred and fifty dollars. I found that rewriting made no difference. (50) I knew I could not possibly write the kinds of things I admired as a reader—Joyce, Kafka, Mann—so I detached myself from my work. I was a phenomenon among my friends in college, a published, selling author. But they always asked,“When are you going to do something serious?” —meaning something that wasn’t science fiction—and I kepttelling them, “ When I’m financially secure.”。