学术综合英语课后答案test1

Unit 1 text 1

Road Building

Task 1.

1. the relationship between road building and economic development

2. grain and cotton

3. grew grain grew cotton

4. fast and convenient

5. to transport grain and cotton

Task 1.

1. A booming trade in grain and cotton.

2. Because of the rapidly growing population and the large number of immigrants from Europe.

3. The farmers got laborers from Africa.

4. Because it was easy and cheap to transport goods from on place to another.

5. They built roads and collected fees.

Text 2 The Mississippi River in America

Task 1

1. Lake Itasca in Minnesota

2. about 4, 000 kms.

3. flooding in summer

4. floodways, dams, levees and reservoirs

5. holding water and generating electricity

Task 2.

1. 21 US states.

2. It flows from the North to the Gulf of Mexico

3. They are empty channels. When the Mississippi is too high, the floodways are opened and

Reading: Text 1

1.Match the words with their definitions.

1g 2a 3e 4b 5c 6d 7j 8f 9h 10i

2. Complete the following expressions or sentences by using the target words listed below with the

help of the Chinese in brackets. Change the form if necessary.

1 symbolic 2distributed 3site 4complex 5identify

6fairly 7straightforward 8capability 9target 10attempt

11process 12parameter 13interpretation 14technical

15range 16exploit 17networking 18involve

19 instance 20specification 21accompany 22predictable 23profile

3. Read the sentences in the box. Pay attention to the parts in bold.

Now complete the paragraph by translating the Chinese in brackets. You may refer to the

expressions and the sentence patterns listed above.

第1页(共23页)《学术英语(综合)》书本答案以下答案对书本习题中类似于“Doyou(think/agree)”“giveapresentation”等的部分问题进行了省略。Unit1EconomicsTextA:Lead-in:omittedCriticalreadingandthinking:Task1:Body:UsethelaborandskillsbehindtheThanksgivingweekendasexamplestoillustratetheconceptof“theinvisiblehand”End:Echothebeginning,emphasizingweshouldbegratefultothemiracleonthisThanksgivingDayandeverydayTask2:1.ItisnotdifficultatalltoexplainwhygrocerystoresstockuponturkeybeforeThanksgiving.Thereseemstobenomiracleinit.2.Theuseofsomany“and’s”helpstoemphasizethataseriesofactionsandallkindsofworkareinvolvedinthesaleofThanksgivingturkey.3.Here“fromabove”means“fromGod”.Thephraseisusedtoshowthatthereissomethingwondrousandalmostinexplicableinthesocialorderoffreedom.Task3:Markethasitsownwayofpunishingbusinessmalpractice.Forexample,ifafastfoodchainsellscontaminatedfood,nation-widedemandfortheirfoodwillgodown,alongwiththeirprofit.Whenacompanysellsdefectiveproducts,nguagebuilding-up:Task1:1．1．饲料经销商；饲料批发商2．为他自己的收益而工作3．技能与劳动力4．制造塑料5．私人交易6．包装并定价7．无形之手2．bor;manufactured6.theinvisiblehand7.distributorTask2:1.Today,inmillionsofhomesacrossthenation,Godwillbethankedformanygifts,forthefeastonthetableandthecompanyoflovedones,forhealthandgoodfortuneintheyeargoneby,forpeaceprivilegeofhavingbeenborn—orhavingbecome—American.(Line2,Para.1)2.Andyet,isn'ttheresomethingwondrous—somethingalmostinexplicable—inthewayyourThanksgivingweekendismadepossiblebytheskillandlaborofvastnumbersoftotalstrangers?(Line1,Para.4)3.…ThanksgivingTurkey,therewouldbeone—ormorelikely,afewdozen—waiting.(Line3,Para.6)Task3:1.verymany2.buyingorselling3.alargegroupof4.morehuge5.understand6.troubledTextB:Criticalreadingandthinking:第2页(共23页)Task1:1.Consideringthatherboyfrienddoesn’tevenbothertochooseagiftforher,thegirlconcludesthathedoesn’tloveher.Therefore,shebreaksofftherelationship.Inthecasewherethestrengthofaffectionismostinquestion,peoplecarealotaboutwhatisgivenasagift.2.Thefollowingisonemoreexamplewherethesignalingtheorycanbeapplied:Inthejobmarket,anemployermaynotknowwhetheracandidateisqualifiedforapostornot.Veryoften,thecandidatewillshowtheemployereducationcredentials,whichcanbeusedasasignaltotheemployer.Thustheinformationgapisnarrowed.Task2:(以下所有表格题若未说明，顺序皆为从上到下，从左到右)Internetbrowser;Windowsoperatingsystem;deter;enteringthemarketandofferingnewproducts;carstodayincludemanybuilt-inproducts;monopoly;80;reliable;easiertouse;severelylimited;changing;competitors;low;Researching:TheU.S.economyisafreemarketeconomywithsomegovernmentregulationadtherehasbeenalastingdebateabouthowmuchgovernmentregulationisnecessary.Thosewhoargueforlessregulationclaimthatthefreemarketitselfwillrequirebusinesstoprotectconsumersandprovidegoodproductsorservicesandtheinterferencefromthegovernmentcandonothingbutincreasethecostofdoingcorporationsarenotconcernedaboutthepublic’sinterest,soregulationisindispensable.Interestingly,AdamSmithhimselfbelievedthatgovernmenthadanimportantroletoplayineconomiclife.Forexample,hebelievedthatthegovernmentshouldenforcecontractsandgrantpatentsandcopyrights.TextC:Task:每一个精明的一家之主都知道，如果买一样东西所花的钱比在家里自己生产所花的成本要小，那就永远不要尝试在家里生产。裁缝不会去做自己的鞋子，而向鞋匠购买；鞋匠不会去做自己的衣服，而雇裁缝来做；农民不会去做鞋也不想缝衣，宁愿雇用不同的工匠来做。他们都会为了自身的利益而采取某种方式来利用整个产业，在这种方式里，他们会比邻居更有优势，并用自己生产的一部分产品或者相同的东西，即以一部分产品的价格来购买他们所需要的其它任何物品。Listening:Task1:omittedTask2:Case 1: absolutely; comparative; lowerCase 2: you cook and your roommate cleans; you clean and your roommate cooks Speaking: omittedWriting:Task1:(suggestedchoice)3、4、8Task2:omittedUnit2BusinessEthicsTextA:Lead-in:Task:1.Limitsmokingandtobaccoadvertising第3页(共23页)2.350millionpeople3.IndiaCriticalreadingandthinking:Task1:1.Theinvisiblehands;thewealthofitsstockholders;Profitmaximization;thebesteconomicsystem;Freeenterprisesystem;constraints;2.Argument1:1)awiderangeofregulationsareimposed2)assessingcostsoncompanies;BPoilspillArgument2:1)behaveethically;valueandreputation2)Don’tBeEvil3)creativecapitalism4)contributedmorethan$6billionTask2:1.Yes,Iagree.Because:●Earningprofitisthemainaimofeveryeconomicactivity.Abusinessisaneconomicactivityandhence,itsmainaimshouldbetoearnprofit.●Profitisameasureofefficiencyandeconomicprosperityofthebusiness.Thisjustifiestheconceptofprofitmaximization.●Economicconditionsdonotremainthesameallthetime.Abusinesscanretainitsprofitsothatitcansurvivetheadversesituationsinthefuture.Profitgivesprotectionagainstfuturerisksanduncertainties.●Profitisthemainsourceoffinanceforgrowthandexpansion.Profitisessentialforthebusinessinordertoinvestinnewbusinesspropositions.●Profitabilityisessentialforfullingthesocialgoalsofthebusiness.Withprofitmaximizationabusinesscandosocio-economicwelfareandfollowitspoliciesofcorporatesocialresponsibility.No,Idon'tagree.Because:Businessshoulddoanythingtheycantomakeaprofit,butneveratthecostofhumanwelfareandnaturalenvironment.Humanwelfaremustbeconsideredasimportantasprofitmaking.Abusinessissuccessfultotheextentthatitprovideaproductthatcontributetohappinessinallitsforms.Asamatteroffact,thegreatvalueofabusinessshouldbemorallyassociatedwithconsumer'ssatisfactionandsafety.Ontheotherhand,businessesofgreatvalueshouldnotbeblindtotheirmoralobligationsofprotectingthenaturalenvironment.2.Yes,itisaveryeffectivewayforsocietytoimposesuchregulationstopreventcompaniesfromengaginginpracticesthathurtsociety.Formostbusinessestheirultimategoalistomakeprofits.Itistruethatmostbusinessmentrytoabidebythelawswhilemakingprofits.Howeverwehavetoadmitthattherearesomewhouseeverymeanstomakeasmuchmoneyaspossible,evenregardlessofinterestsofemployees,communities,andenvironment.3.Yes,havingagoodreputationwithcustomers,suppliers,employeesandregulatorsisessentialifvalueistobemaximized.Businesssuccessisassociatedwithmanyfactors,suchascustomers,suppliers,employeesandregulators.Ifcustomersaresatisfiedwithyourproductsandservice,theywillbeloyalto

1 Unit 1

Task 2 A contrary to implicit assertion look up adapted

Sustain unbiased In the course of metaphor clutter

B bolster credible impromptu sparingly anecdote

Credentials testimony hypothetical paraphrase juxtaposition

Task 3 Translation

B. 发言提纲是有效发言的基础。通过写发言提纲，你可以确保你的思想是相关联的，你的思路从一点谈到另一点，你的讲话结构是连贯的。通常，准备讲演你可以采用两种提纲方式：详细准备提纲和简单发言提纲。

在准备发言提纲中，应该写出你的特定目的及中心思想，并以连贯的方式确定主要观点和次要观点，发言提纲应该由简要的提要组成，这些提要在你讲话时能够给予你一些帮助。发言提纲还应该包括帮助你记忆的重点词或重点短语。在写发言提纲时，可采用准备提纲的模式，尽可能使你的发言提纲简要，同时，要确保提纲清晰，易于辨认。

C. 1. The younger generation should continue to sustain and develop our fine

traditions and long-standing culture.

2. In the course of preparing one’s speech, one should be clearly aware of how one

could make effective use of statistics and examples to bolster

one’s point of view.

3. An impromptu speech is one of the speaking skills that college students should