2017-2018学年高中英语北师大版版必修3教学案：Unit 9 Section 6 Word版含答案

Section__ⅥLesson_4

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The Road to Destruction

“This morning① it took me forty minutes to get to work②. More road construction③

works on the A10！”“Oh really? It took me over an hour. There was an accident④ on the M11.”

“You're both lucky. It took me two hours! You don't have to use the M25.”

How often have you heard these conversations? How often do we get stuck in⑤ traffic jams⑥？ How often do we arrive at work or school stressed out⑦， tired and angry⑧？ For many

people in Britain, the answer is every day. But anger and stress are nothing compared to the real

costs of the motor⑨ car⑩. Here are some figures⑪：

•In the last ten years, the number of cars⑫ on the roads in Britain has gone up⑬ by⑭

30%.

•There are now 25 million cars in this country.

•Over⑮ three thousand people die every year in road accidents in Britain.

•In London, car engines⑯ produce 99% of all carbon monoxide⑰ in the atmosphere⑱.

•Twenty-five thousand deaths per⑲ year are caused by air pollution.

•Some types of cancer are related to⑳ traffic pollution.

•Traffic is one of the major causes○21 of global warming and climate change. The average○22

global temperature is about 0.5 degrees centigrade○23 higher than it was 100 years ago.

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①It takes/took sb.＋时间段＋to do sth.某人花多长时间做某事。

②get to work去上班

③construction/kən'strʌkʃn/n．建筑；建筑物

under construction正在建造之中

④accident n．事故 by accident偶然，意外地

⑤get stuck in陷入„„中，困在„„中

be trapped in陷入„„中 be caught in陷入„„中

⑥traffic jams交通阻塞，塞车

⑦stressed out极度焦虑的，非常紧张疲惫的

⑧stressed out, tired and angry是形容词短语，在句中作状语。

⑨motor/'məʊtə/adj.机动车辆的；n.马达，发动机

⑩compared to ...“和„„比起来”，是过去分词短语作状语。

⑪figure/'fIgə/n．数字，数目

⑫the number of ...“„„的数量”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。a number of ...“许多/大量的„„”，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。

⑬go up上升

⑭by prep.表示数量的增减程度；to表示数量增减到„„

⑮over超过，多于

⑯engine /'endʒIn/n．发动机，引擎

engineer n．工程师，技师 engineering n．工程学

⑰carbon monoxide一氧化碳 carbon dioxide二氧化碳

⑱atmosphere n．大气，气氛 ⑲per/pɜː/adj.每，每一

⑳be related to 和„„有关

be connected with 和„„有关

have something to do with 和„„有关

○21cause n．起因；v.引起

cause sb. to do sth.导致某人做某事

cause and effect因果关系

○22average adj.平均的，平均数的；n.平均水平，平均数

○23centigrade/'sentIgreId/n．摄氏(度)

毁灭之路

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“今天早上，我花了四十分钟去上班。A10公路上施工的地方又多了！”“噢，真的吗？我用了一个多小时。M11公路上发生了一起交通事故。”

“你们俩真幸运。我用了两个小时！你们都不必走M25这条路。”

这样的对话你多久听到一次？我们有多少次遇到塞车？有多少次我们在极度焦虑、疲惫、恼怒的状态下到达办公室或学校？对于许多英国人来说答案是天天如此。但是比起汽车的实际代价，紧张和恼怒还是微不足道的。这里有一些数据：

•在过去的10年里，英国路上行驶的汽车数量上升了30%。

•现在这个国家有2 500万辆汽车。

•英国每年有3 000多人死于车祸。

•伦敦大气中99%的一氧化碳是由汽车的发动机产生的。

•每年25 000人死于空气污染。

•有些类型的癌症和交通污染有关系。

•交通是全球变暖、气候变化的主要原因之一。全球平均温度比100年前高大约0.5摄氏度。

We know that cars are bad for us. So why do we carry on○24 using our cars so much? We all

make excuses○25：“The buses are terrible.” “The trains are always late！” “I haven't got time to

walk.” I'm talking about myself, too. I admit○26： I'maddicted○27 to my car. When I asked Jenny

Trowe of Greenpeace for advice about how to give up○28， she told me six things：

1 Use your legs.Over 25% of car journeys are under two miles — short journeys we could

easily walk or cycle. Leg power can save you money, keep you fit and help you live longer. And

regular○29 exercise cuts the risk of○30 heart disease by 50%!

2 Use public transport. On average○31， about forty people travel in one bus, while○32 the

same number occupy○33 thirty-three cars. Sometimes it can take a little bit longer, but so

what○34？ You can relax on the bus or train, read a book, talk to someone, meet the love of your

life — who knows?

3 Think before you go. Do you really have to go to that shopping centre on the other side of

town? What about the shops around the corner○35？ Before you get into your car, think about

whether you really need to make that journey.

4 Share○36cars. If you've really got to○37 use a car, share journeys with someone else. It is

much cheaper and kinder to the environment.,○24carry on继续

○25make excuses找借口

○26admit/əd'mIt/vt.承认，供认

admit doing sth.承认做了某事

admit sb. to be ...承认某人为„„

admit sb. to/into ...允许某人进入„„

○27addicted/ə'dIktId/adj.沉溺于„„的

be addicted to沉溺于„„

○28give up放弃

○29regular adj.频繁的，经常的

on a regular basis定期地

○30cut the risk of降低„„的风险

cut down on削减，缩小

○31on average平均；通常

above/below average平均水平以上/以下

at an average speed of以平均„„的速度

○32while “而，却”，连接两个并列分句，语意上表示对比。

○33occupy/'ɒkjʊpaI/vt.占用(空间、面积、时间等)

be occupied in/with (doing) sth.忙于(做)某事

○34so what那又怎样

Now what？又怎么了？

What if ...？如果„„怎么样？

○35around the corner附近；在拐角处；即将来临

○36share v．分担，分享

share sth. with sb.与某人分担/分享某物

○37have got to ＝have to必须，不得不

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既然我们知道汽车对我们不利，那么大家为什么还要继续频繁地使用汽车呢？我们会找出种种借口：“公共汽车让人难以忍受。”“火车经常晚点！”“我没有时间步行。”我也是在说我自己。我承认：我沉迷于汽车难以自拔。我曾向绿色和平组织的珍妮·托沃讨教怎样放弃汽车，她告诉了我6条建议：

1 尽量步行。25%以上的车程通常不到两英里——这样短的路程步行或骑自行车都很容易。步行可以省钱、保持健康，并且有助于长寿。经常锻炼可以降低50%的心脏病发病概率！