胸中下段食管癌放疗±化疗后心源性死亡的初步分析重点
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食管癌再程放疗剂量与心脏损伤的相关性研究发表时间:2017-09-12T16:05:22.983Z 来源:《中国误诊学杂志》2017年第12期作者:蔡力全[导读] 放热疗联合治疗具有增效和互补的作用,且可以较少放射剂量达到消灭肿瘤细胞的目的,所造成的心脏损伤也明显更少。
邵阳市中医医院湖南邵阳 422000 摘要:目的:就食管癌再程放疗的剂量与心脏放射性损伤的关系进行分析与研究。
方法:选取42例于2010年6月~2016年6月至本院接受放疗后复发的食管癌患者,采用随机数字表法将其均分为研究组与对照组,每组各21例。
研究组采用放疗-热疗的治疗方法,放疗剂量为4500~5000cGY;对照组采用单纯放疗的治疗方法,放疗剂量为6000~6500cGY。
对2组患者在放疗结束及放疗后1、3、6个月的心电图及心肌酶变化加以观察与比较。
结果:放疗结束及放疗后1、3个月后,2组患者在心电图异常上的比较差异并不显著,不具有统计学意义(P >0.05),但放疗6个月后,研究组患者心电图异常率明显低于对照组,比较具有统计学意义(P<0.05);放疗结束及放疗后1、3、6个月,2组患者在心肌酶异常率上的比较均不显著,不具有统计学意义(P>0.05),但对照组在放疗后6个月时,心肌酶异常率有增高的趋势。
结论:心电图是观察放疗剂量与放射性心脏损伤呈正相关的良好指标,而心肌酶的反应则较差。
关键词:放疗;热疗;放疗后食管癌复发;放射性心脏损伤Abstract:Objective:to analyze and study the relationship between the dose of radiotherapy and cardiac radiation damage in esophageal carcinoma. Methods:42 cases of esophageal cancer patients who relapsed after radiotherapy in our hospital from June 2010 to June ~2016 were randomly divided into the study group and the control group,with 21 cases in each group. The study group was treated by radiotherapy and thermotherapy,the dose of radiotherapy was 4500~5000cGY,and the control group received radiotherapy only. The dose of radiotherapy was 6000~6500cGY. The changes of electrocardiogram and myocardial enzymes in the 2 groups were observed and compared at 1,3 and 6 months after radiotherapy and after radiotherapy. Results:1 and 3 months after radiotherapy and after radiotherapy,the difference in abnormal ECG on the patients of the 2 groups were not significant,was not statistically significant(P > 0.05),but 6 months after radiotherapy,patients in the study group,the abnormal rate of ECG was significantly lower than the control group,compared with statistical significance(P < 0.05 1,3);and 6 months after radiotherapy and after radiotherapy,2 patients in the abnormal rate of myocardial enzymes were not significant,was not statistically significant(P > 0.05),but the control group at 6 months after radiotherapy,myocardial enzyme abnormality rate increased. Conclusion:ECG is a good index of positive correlation between radiation dose and radiation cardiac damage,but the response of myocardial enzymes is poor.Key words:radiotherapy;hyperthermia;recurrence of esophageal cancer after radiotherapy;radiation cardiac injury 再程治疗是目前临床治疗食管癌局部复发的主要方式,然而单纯应用放疗治疗的剂量极易诱发各种并发症,如放射性心脏损伤、放射性肺炎及放射性脊髓炎等。
食管癌放射治疗后近期死亡原因的分析食管癌是一种危害性较大的恶性肿瘤,对患者的生命造成了严重的威胁。
放射治疗是常见的治疗手段之一,然而在治疗过程中患者可能会出现近期死亡的情况。
本文将就食管癌放射治疗后近期死亡的原因进行分析。
一、放射治疗的常见副作用放射治疗对食管癌患者来说是一项重要而有效的治疗手段,但同时也会产生一系列的副作用,包括恶心、呕吐、食欲下降、味觉改变、口腔溃疡等。
这些副作用可能导致患者体力减退、营养不良,增加了患者感染和并发症的风险。
二、术后感染手术是食管癌治疗的重要方式之一,但手术创口会增加感染的风险。
放射治疗后,在患者抵抗力减弱的情况下,术后感染的发生率会显著增加。
感染可能导致全身性炎症反应,严重时甚至会引发败血症,严重危及患者的生命。
三、放射性肺炎食管癌放射治疗的影响范围不仅局限于食管周围组织,也可能影响到邻近的肺部组织。
放射性肺炎是放射治疗后常见的并发症之一,主要表现为胸痛、咳嗽、气促、发热等症状。
在治疗过程中,患者可能出现肺部炎症反应过度,导致呼吸困难,甚至影响到呼吸功能,进而导致死亡。
四、放射性食管炎放射性食管炎是食管癌放射治疗后常见的并发症之一。
该病症会导致食管黏膜肿胀、溃疡形成,引起疼痛、吞咽困难、出血等症状。
严重的放射性食管炎可能进一步导致食管狭窄、食管穿孔等严重后果,加重患者的病情,甚至导致死亡。
五、心血管并发症放射治疗在治疗食管癌时常常会波及到心脏的部位,尤其是位于中下段食管的肿瘤。
因此,放射治疗后患者可能出现心律失常、心肌缺血、心力衰竭等心血管并发症。
这些并发症会严重影响患者的生命安全,甚至导致近期死亡。
六、其他并发症放射治疗还可能导致其他一些严重的并发症,如肠梗阻、脊髓损伤等。
这些并发症的发生会对患者的身体机能造成严重的损害,加剧患者的病情,增加近期死亡的风险。
综上所述,食管癌放射治疗后近期死亡的原因主要包括放射治疗的常见副作用、术后感染、放射性肺炎、放射性食管炎、心血管并发症等。
食管癌术后并发症和死亡原因分析作者:李受南白春高来源:《中国现代医生》2013年第36期[摘要] 目的探讨食管癌患者术后并发症的发生、死亡原因并积极寻找其防治措施。
方法回顾分析我科患者的手术资料,根据不同的收治时间将患者分为三组。
统计患者术后早期并发症的发生率、术后死亡率等数据,再将三组的数据进行统计学处理与对比。
结果Ⅱ组与Ⅲ组患者的手术切除率均高于Ⅰ组,而并发症发生率与手术死亡率均低于Ⅰ组;Ⅲ组的手术切除率高于Ⅱ组,而术后死亡率则低于Ⅱ组,并发症发生率与Ⅱ组比较无差异;Ⅱ组患者的肺部并发症发生率与术后死亡率均低于Ⅰ组;Ⅲ组患者的肺部并发症发生率高于Ⅱ组,与Ⅰ组比较无差异,但术后死亡率低于Ⅰ和Ⅱ组。
结论肺部并发症与吻合口瘘是食管癌切除术后最常见的并发症和致死原因。
随着医学技术的不断提高及手术治疗经验的积累,食管癌术后并发症发生率与病死率正逐步降低。
[关键词] 食管癌;吻合口瘘;肺部并发症;死亡率[中图分类号] R735.1 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701(2013)36-0142-02Analysis of esophageal carcinoma postoperative complications and causes of deathLI Shounan BAI Chungao LEI Jingfu LU Qiangchang LUO DefengDepartment of Thoracic Surgery, People's Hospital of Binyang County in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Binyang 530405, China[Abstract] Objective To explore postoperative complications and cause of death of patients with esophageal cancer, and actively search for the prevention and control measures. Methods Retrospective analyzed patients’ operation d ata, the patients were arranged into three groups according to the different treatment time. Collected incidence of early postoperative complications,mortality statistics, and then Compared the data of three groups. Results Operation resection rate of group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ were higher than the Ⅰ group’s, while the complications and mortality of group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ was lower than that in group Ⅰ, operation resection rate of group Ⅲ was higher than that in group Ⅱ, the postoperative mortality of group Ⅲ was lower than that in Ⅱgroup, the complication rate compared with the Ⅱ group had no difference. The rate of postoperative mortality and pulmonary complications in group Ⅱ were lower than those of group Ⅰ, pulmonary complications in group Ⅲ was higher than that in group Ⅱ, compared with the group Ⅰhad no difference, but the postoperative mortality of group Ⅲ was lower than that in group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ. Conclusion Pulmonary complications and anastomotic fistula is the most common complication and cause of death. With the improvement of technology and operation methods,esophageal carcinoma postoperative complication rate and mortality rate is gradually reduced.[Key words] Esophageal cancer; Anastomotic fistula; Pulmonary complications; Mortality食管癌系指由食管鳞状上皮或腺上皮的异常增生所形成的恶性病变,其发展一般经过上皮不典型增生、原位癌、浸润癌等阶段。