SCI论文中Figure legends的写作要求
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This guide describes how to prepare contributions for submission. We recommend you read this in full if you have not previously submitted a contribution to Nature. We also recommend that, before submission, you familiarize yourself with Nature‟s style and content by reading the journal, either in print or online, particularly if you have not submitted to the journal recently.Table of contents∙ 1. Formats for Nature contributions Nature文稿格式o 1.1 Articles文章o 1.2 Letters快报o 1.3 Brief Communications Arising and Corrections通信与校正o 1.4 Other types of submission其他∙ 2. The editorial process编辑处理过程∙ 3. Presubmission enquiries投稿前询问∙ 4. Readability易读性∙ 5. Format of Articles and Letters格式o 5.1 Titles标题o 5.2 Text正文o 5.3 Methods方法o 5.4 References引文o 5.5 End notes尾注o 5.6 Statistics统计资料o 5.7 Tables表格o 5.8 Figure legends插图说明o 5.9 Figures插图o 5.10 Production quality figures高质量插图o 5.11 Supplementary information附件信息o 5.12 Chemical structures and characterization ofchemical materials化学结构∙ 6. Submission提交∙7. Publishing in other Nature and NPG journals出版Parts of this document are summarized in a downloadable information sheet.1. Formats for Nature contributions:Nature文稿格式Nature's main formats for original research are Articles and Letters. In addition, Nature publishes other submitted material as detailed below (Section 1.4)."来信"(Letters to Nature)是对某一原始科研成果的初步介绍,其内容是其他领域的研究人员所感兴趣的。
最近完成研究生期间的第一个实验,开始了论文书写和图片整理的工作,对于整篇论文来说,除了写不出正宗的英文,还有搞不定的图片制作。
幸运的是,我参加了学校的一个关于SCI论文书写的讲座,听完讲座后,多少有些开窍了,用老师的话讲,论文中的图片是这篇论文的核心,图片可以将整个实验的所有结果用最直观的方式展现出来,一张好的图片可以省去很多啰嗦的文字,所以我整理了自己学到的,希望能对跟我一样的入门级的同学有所帮助。
一、对于论文图片的处理,我们经常用到的有graphpad、AI、PS、Image、Image pro plus等。
论文中图片类型大致分为两种,一种是像细胞照片,WB成像这种机器直接生成的图片,一种是用graphpad做出的统计图,例如柱状图、线条图。
图源:网络二、我们在投稿之前要清楚这个杂志对图片的要求,要求中包括图片的大小、分辨度、图片注释中字体和字体大小等等,但是很少有一次成型的,我们在第一次投稿的时候,会将论文生成pdf形式上传,再将图片结果分别上传,图片的格式基本上就是 TIFF、EPS和JPG格式,最好是前两种 。
审稿通过后,杂志社会发给你该杂志对各种类型图片的不同处理要求,还是会需要进行后续修改的,所以这里也要注意,我们在初期处理图片的时候,一定要在保留原图的同时,生成一个psd格式方便后续修改,同时生成一个TIFF格式,用于后续上传。
这里要注意的是,保存成TIFF格式的时候, 要以LZW形式压缩,并选择扔掉图层,不然的话,TIFF会很大,影响后续上传。
单个插图文件的大小不应大于10MB。
三、 字体要求Arial或Times , 英文论文中不能出现中文 ,且全篇要保证统一字体。
对于图片中字体的大小没有明确的规定,但是要保证同一类型的图片大小相同,一般字体最小是6号,最大是14号,在这个范围内的都可以 。
四、关于图片大小的调节,点击PS菜单栏上的 图像>图像大小 ,在文档大小处,调整图片的宽度,在约束比例处打勾,软件就会自动调整图片的高度了。
如何撰写SCI文章,投稿交流用语及状态解释第一部分:SCI文章的写作对于没有写过英文的人来说,第一篇文章有些困难。
关键还是在于要阅读大量的英文文献。
在文章的写作上,最好不要自己造句子。
说实在的,大多数中国学者的英文都不好,自己造句子,很可能是中式英语,老外看不懂。
所以,写文章,要学会借鉴。
也就多看英文文章,看到相关的句型,要做好笔记。
要学会使用老外们用过的句型,拿来以后作些修改。
我一般都在写作前阅读大量的文章,一边阅读,一边把自己认为重要的句子分别copy到自己文章的各个部分,然后在写作时进行取舍。
1.Introduction部分,很多可能都是文献。
要介绍自己研究的内容的一些相关知识。
让大家知道你所研究领域现在的一些进展,以及自己研究的“新鲜”内容。
2.Materials and Methods比较好写,看看文献,应该有相同的内容可以参考,把这些内容找来进行一些修改就可以了。
3.Results部分有些困难。
这一部分是要自己造句较多的部分。
但是也要尽量借用英语是母语的人所用的句型。
个人研究的内容可能很多,要突出指出自己的研究重点。
在这一部分,最好不要出现讨论方面的内容。
4.个人觉得最难写的部分是Discussion部分。
要把自己的研究与他人的研究结合起来,哪些与他人的研究相似,哪些不一样。
从自己的研究结果可以得出什么样的结论或推论。
要从研究结果可以引申一些相关的内容,不要完全局限于自己的研究领域,放宽一些。
5.我一般是在写完这些部分以后,再写Abstract,最后再定标题。
一个简洁醒目的标题,事半功倍。
请记住:写文章一定要突出自己研究相对较新的内容。
这是一些影响因子较高的期刊所很看重的。
另外,最不推荐的是把文章写成中文,然后翻译成英文。
因为这样真的是彻头彻尾的中式英语了。
第二部分:SCI文章的投稿写好文章后,就要开始投稿了。
1.选择期刊。
找到一个适合自己文章的刊物很重要。
个人推荐:先投一个影响因子较高的刊物,如果能被送审,得到一些修改意见,即使被拒,然后修改后再投一个影响因子较低的期刊,希望更大一些。
浅谈SCI论文中Figure legends的写作要求
1、Figure Legends的写作应严格按照期刊要求,如有的期刊要求另页双行打印,位置在表格或参考文献后面,也就是在论文的最后。
Figure legends不要排在插图下面。
2、图序即插图的序号。
根据插图在正文中被提及的顺序,用阿拉伯数字进行排序,如Figure 1、Figure 2等,并尽量把图安排在靠近第一次提及它的位置。
3、Figure Legends不应该包含方法细节,或者不超过100个字。
如果SCI论文没有方法部分,Figure Legends应该少于300个字。
4、图题即插图的标题,要求简明准确,要有较好的说明性和专指性,不要为了追求形式上的简洁而选用过于泛指的图题。
5、图中未能表达又必须表达的信息应在图注中说明。
如图中含有误差线,则应阐述是标准误、标准差、信度边界或数值范围。
如在图中标注了显著性值,则应在图注中说明。
6、当插图中含箭头、数字、符号或字母时,则要在相应的位置做明确的说明。
此外,在撰写Figure legends时一定要参考期刊的要求,有些期刊对图片数量有一定限制,因此在处理文档时,务必确认好哪些图片是必需放在文章内的,然后整理好Figure legends。
【分享】在国外期刊发表⽂章时⼀定⽤到的,SCI论⽂写法攻略(很详尽,研究⽣必看)SCI论⽂写法攻略第⼀部分 SCI论⽂全攻略之选题与创新⼀、先想先写最后做1. 做研究之前,必须想清楚:结果能不能发表?发表在哪⾥?2. 先把⽂章⼤框写好,空出数据,等做完实验填完空就可以发了;正所谓⼼中有沟壑!3. 在未搞清“写什么、发哪⾥、⾃⼰研究与同类研究有何出⾊之处”之前,就不要动⼿做!4. 继续去看⽂献,去想;想不清楚就做还不如不做!5. 要想这样做,就得先看⽂献!要知道如何把⽂章架起来、要知道别⼈是如何讨论的、要知道⾃⼰的数据是不是说明了与别⼈不同的事情或别⼈没有做过……这个过程就是阅读⽂献及思考的过程,这些搞清楚了,写就简单了!6. 要是先做事,做完发现别⼈做过,或⽆法⽤理论来解释,岂不是冤⼤头?⼆、如何科学选题1. 课题选择和国际接轨。
想在国际核⼼期刊发表⽂献,就必须了解国际研究动态,选择与国际学术研究合拍的课题。
由于多⽅⾯因素的影响,我国科学研究选题与国际先进⽔平还有⼀定距离。
我国⼀家权威科研机构不久前在国内挑选了许多前沿领域的研究课题,准备参与国际合作,但到美国后发现近三分之⼆的课题已经不属前沿,在美国很少有⼈研究。
在⾼校,⼀些教师治学严谨、基础扎实,但科研成果不突出,重要原因就是不重视有关领域学术动态,不能选得合适的课题。
2. 课题要有可发展性。
课题可发展性对⾼⽔平论⽂的持续产出具有极⼤作⽤。
中国科技⼤学范洪义另辟蹊径,发展了诺贝尔奖得主狄拉克(Dirac) 奠定的量⼦论的符号法,系统地建⽴了“有序算符内的积分理论”,1998年有24篇论⽂被SCI收录;他对⾃⼰论⽂⾼产的解释是,研究“具有开创性,突破⼀点以后就可以向纵深发展,使研究⼯作⾃成系列、成⾯成⽚”。
我院被SCI收录论⽂最多的杨新民⽼师从事凸性理论研究,该理论兴起于 20世纪70年代,90年代进⼊⾼峰。
作为新兴研究领域,该理论本⾝有许多尚待研究之处,同时该理论也可⽤来解决最优化⽅⾯的问题。
英语医学科研论文的格式和要求1.格式根据医学杂志编辑国际委员会 (The International Committee of Medical Journal Editors, ICMJE)制定的《生物医学杂志投稿统一要求》(The Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals, 5th Ed., 1997)*, 一篇生物医学科研论文(以下简称“论文”)应包括以下12个部分:1.标题(Title) 2.摘要(Abstract) 3.引言(Introduction) 4.材料与方法(Materials and Methods ) 5.结果(Results) 6.讨论(Discussion) 7.致谢(Acknowledgements) 8.参考文献(References) 9.插图说明(Legends) 10.插图(Figures)11.表格(Tables) 12.照片和说明(Plates and Explanations)以上除7、9、10、11、12部分因实际情况不需要外,其他各部分是一篇论文必不可少的内容。
下面分别介绍对各部分的基本要求,其中“标题”和“摘要”两部分将在以后单元另行讨论。
2.要求1)引言部分总的要求是:The purpose of an introduction is to bring the reader into the general area of your study and then state the specific area of study (move from the general to the specific). The introduction shows the scope of your investigation efforts.** 即:说明研究的总体范围和目的。
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If the article is accepted for publication, a disclosure statement will appear with the article.The disclosure statement should be included for each author on the title page. If an author has no conflicts of interest to declare, this must be stated. Authors should contact the Editorial Office with questions or concerns, but should err on the side of inclusion when in doubt. The following is sample text:"Jane Smith reports having received lecture fees from XYZ Laboratories. SusanBrown disclosed consulting fees from 123 Inc. Elizabeth Wall reports no financial interests or potential conflicts of interest."ReferencesIn-text citations:References are cited in the text as follows; et al. may be used as noted in the APA. Please be aware that the number of authors for a reference matters when including in-text citations. The APA manual is very helpful.Manual: Source citation(Fuller, 2005)Direct quote(Beck & Higgins, 2005, p.17)Use of the Digital Object Identifier (DOI)The digital object identifier (DOI) is used to cite and link to electronic documents. The DOI consists of a unique alpha-numeric character string that is assigned to a document by the publisher upon initial electronic publication. The assigned DOI never changes. Therefore, it is an ideal medium for citing a document, particularly 'Articles in Press' because they have not yet received their full bibliographic information. Use of the web site may be helpful in locating Digital Object Identifiers (DOI's) for journal articles or seek help from a librarian.When a DOI is unavailable refer to the APA manual for assistance in documenting retrieval information (APA (6th ed. Pp. 188-192).Reference listThe reference list should be double-spaced and in alphabetical order, according to APA format (6th edition), as follows. Authors are responsible for verifying the accuracy and completeness of references. Authors should also include retrieval information for all journal articles contained on the reference pages. Sample reference page listings with sample DOI's follow:Journal article, one author:McDonald, M. (2003). Seeing the cage: Stigma and its potential to inform the concept of the difficult patient. Clinical Nurse Specialist, 17(6), 305-310. doi:10.1079/00002800-200311000-00012Journal article, two authors:Mitra, S., & Sinatra, R.S. (2004). Perioperative management of acute pain in theopioid-dependent patient. Anesthesiology, 101, 212-227. doi:10.1097/00000542-200407000-00032Journal article, three to five authors:Dracup, K., Cronenwett, L., Meleis,A.L., & Benner, P.E. (2005). Reflections on the doctorate of nursing practice. Nursing Outlook, 53, 177-182. doi:10.1016/j.outlook.2005.06.003Journal article, six or more authors (article with no doi):Quinn, E.M., Berding, C., Daniels, E., Gerlach, M.J., Harris, K., Nugent, K., Green, C., Clarke, G. (2004). Shifting paradigms: teaching gerontological nursing from a new perspective. Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 30(1), 21-27. Retrieved fromIn text, use the following parenthetical citation each time (including the first) the work is cited: (Leavitt et al., 2005)Journal article in press:Rieger, P.T., Pentz, R.D. (in press). Genetic testing and informed consent. Seminars in Oncology Nursing.Chapter of book:Shortell, S.M., Rundall, T.G. (2003). Physician-organization relationship: social networks and strategic intent. In S.S.Mick & M.E.Wyttenbach (Eds.), Advances in health care organization theory (pp. 171-173). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.Book:ACSM. (2000). Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription (6th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.Proofs and ReprintsThe corresponding authors will be provided with page proofs to check the accuracy of typesetting. Proofs must be checked carefully and returned within 48 hours of receipt. Important changes in data will be accepted, but authors will be charged for excessive alterations in proofs. A reprint order form will be sent to the corresponding author. Reprints will be shipped six to eight weeks after publication of the issue in which the article appears.Checklist for Submitting ManuscriptsIncomplete submissions will be returned to the author. Note: Authors are responsible for keeping a copy of their manuscript.• All material typed double spaced• Cover letter with article title plus the name, home and work addresses, telephone and fax numbers, and email address for the corresponding author• Title page with the article title and name, credentials, title, and institutional affiliation of each author as well as the preferred correspondence address, telephone number, and email address of the corresponding author• Abstract• Text, double-spaced, with page numbers and running head• References, double spaced• Acknowledgments• Tables• Legends for illustrations• P ermission from individuals to publish their photographs, from the author and publisher of copyrighted materials, and from institutions for use of forms, protocols, etc. Authors are responsible for applying for permission for both print and electronic rights for all borrowed materials and are responsible for paying any fees related to the applications of these permissions.。
写综述时的figure permissions 在写综述(review)时,提及图表(figures)的权限通常是指对于引用和使用图表的规定和许可。
这方面的注意事项通常包括以下几个方面:
1. 版权和授权:确保你在综述中使用的图表是合法获取和使用的。
如果图表受到版权保护,你可能需要获取作者或版权持有者的许可。
一些图表可能会以特定的许可证发布,例如,基于创作共用许可证(Creative Commons licenses)的图表。
2. 引用和来源:在综述中引用图表时,提供清晰的引用信息,包括图表的来源、作者、出版日期等。
这有助于读者追溯图表的原始出处,同时也是对图表作者的尊重。
3. 学术期刊和出版商规定:如果图表来自学术期刊或特定出版商,查阅相应的期刊投稿和使用规定。
有些期刊可能有特定的规定和许可要求,你需要遵循这些规定。
4. 图表修改和演绎:如果你对图表进行了修改或演绎,确保你有权这样做,并在综述中说明你对图表的修改。
一些图表可能有限制,要求保持原始形式。
5. 开放获取图表:如果可能,选择使用开放获取(Open Access)的图表,因为它们通常有更宽松的使用规定。
开放获取图表可能以公共领域、创作共用许可证等方式发布,使其更容易被引用和使用。
6. 图表数据的使用权限:如果图表包含数据,确保你有权使用这些数据,并遵循数据提供者的使用规定。
有时,数据提供者可能要求进行特定的引用或提供数据来源。
总体来说,了解和遵守图表的使用权限是保证综述合法、道德和学术规范的重要步骤。
在写综述时,透明地说明图表的权限和引用信息有助于确保你的研究是可信和受到尊重的。