Memory for sentences
Sachs (1967, 1974) Heard (read):
“He sent a letter about it to Galileo, the great Italian scientist.”
Tested:
Same: He sent a letter about it to Galileo, the great Italian scientist. Act/Pass: A letter about it was sent to Galileo, the great Italian scientist. Formal: He sent Galileo, the great Italian scientist, a letter about it. Meaning: Galileo, the great Italian scientist, sent him a letter about it.
Ferreira and colleagues (Christianson et al 2001)
Garden-path sentence
While Anna dressed the baby played in the crib While Anna dressed, the baby played in the crib
The window is not closed
The window is closed <-- surface similar, meaning different
The window is not open <-- surface similar, meaning different