高考英语考点 72宾语从句
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高中英语宾语从句知识点总结宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句,通常放在主句谓语动词 (及物动词) 或介词之后。
1. 作动词的宾语(1) 由that引导的宾语从句(that通常可以省略), 例如:I heard that be joined the army. 我听说他参军了。
(2) 由what, whether (if) 引导的宾语从句,例如:a) She did not know what had happened.她不知道发生了什么。
b) I wonder whether you can change this note for me. 我想知道你是否能帮我改一下笔记。
(3) 动词+间接宾语+宾语从句。
例如:She told me that she would accept my invitation. 她对我说她会接受我的邀请。
2. 作介词的宾语,例如:Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another. 我们的成功取决于我们之间的合作。
3. 作形容词的宾语,例如:I am afraid (that) I’ve made a mistake.我恐怕我已经犯了一个错误。
注意:that 引导的从句常跟在下列形容词后作宾语:anxious, aware,certain, confident, convinced, determined, glad, proud, surprised, worried,sorry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed, annoyed, pleased, hurt, satisfied,content 等。
也可以将此类词后的that 从句的看作原因状语从句。
4. it 可以作为形式宾语it 不仅可以作为形式主语,还可以作为形式宾语而真正的宾语that 从句则放在句尾,特别是在带复合宾语的句子中。
高中英语知识点归纳宾语从句的用法总结宾语从句是英语语法中的重要部分,常常用于复合句中作为主句的宾语。
在高中英语学习中,掌握宾语从句的用法对于提升语言表达能力至关重要。
本文将对宾语从句的用法进行总结。
一、宾语从句的定义及基本结构宾语从句是一个完整的句子,可以在复合句中作为主句的宾语。
它通常由连接词引导,例如:that, if, whether等。
宾语从句的基本结构如下:主语 + 不及物动词 + 从句(例如:I know [that he is coming.])二、宾语从句的动词要求1. 动词要求+宾语从句一些动词后必须跟宾语从句,例如:think, believe, know, suppose, expect等。
例如:- I believe [that he is right.]- She knows [if they have arrived.]2. 动词要求+不定式/动名词/名词+宾语从句一些动词后可以跟宾语从句,也可以跟不定式/动名词/名词,但含义有所区别,例如:decide, want, promise, hope等。
- He decided [to go] home.- We decided [that we would go] home.三、宾语从句的连接词1. 连接词thatthat是最常用的宾语从句引导词,通常可以省略。
一般在口语中,特别是在陈述句中,that经常省略,而在疑问句和感叹句中则不省略。
例如:- I know [that she is busy.] (that可以省略)- Do you know [if she is busy?] (不能省略)2. 连接词if/whetherif和whether都可以引导宾语从句,表示“是否”,常用于宾语从句中的疑问句。
例如:- She asked [whether he would come] or not.- I wonder [if it will rain] tomorrow.3. 连接词连接宾语从句中的时间、地点等状语一些连接词可以引导宾语从句,表示时间、地点等状语关系,例如:when, where, why等。
宾语从句(讲解部分由李璇、李婷婷整理;综合题部分由周丽丽整理)宾语从句是一种名词性从句,在句中作及物动词的宾语,或介词的宾语。
考点一、宾语从句的种类宾语从句的引导词有:that, if, whether, who, whom, whose, what, which, when, where, why, how根据引导宾语从句的不同连词,宾语从句可分为三类。
1.由that引导的宾语从句。
That只有语法作用,没有实在的意义,在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。
例如:He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill.I am sure (that) he will succeed.注意:引导词that用于下列情况是不能省略;(1)当宾语从句的主语是that时。
如: He says that that is a useful book.(2)当宾语从句中含有主从复合句时。
如: I’m afraid that if you’ve lostit, you must pay for it.(3)当两个或多个宾语从句由并列连词连接时,除第一个从句中的that可省略外,其余从句中的that都不能省略。
如: He said (that) the film was very interesting and that he enjoyed seeing it vey much.2.由以下引导词引导的宾语从句:who, whom, whose, what, which, when, where,why, how。
这些引导词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。
例如:Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for?He asked whose handwriting was the best.Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?I don’t know why the train is late.Could you tell me what to do then?I want to know which one you prefer.I’m wondering how I can get to the nearest park.He asked me when to finish the job.3.由if或whether引导的宾语从句。
【篇一】高考英语宾语从句知识点1. 宾语从句名言:(1) that引导的宾语从句Sometimes we need to remind ourselves that thankfulness is indeed a virtue.有时我们需要提醒自己,感激是真正的美德。
Health is the thing that makes you feel that now is the best time of the year.健康使你感到现在是一年中的时光。
(2)what引导的宾语从句If you can’t have the best, make the best of what you have.没有的,就充分利用现有的。
If you don’t have what you like,you must like what you have.没有你喜欢的东西,就喜欢你现有的东西。
2. 宾语从句定义:在主从复合句子中,充当宾语,位于及物动词、介词或复合谓语之后的从句称为宾语从句。
宾语可分为三类:动词的宾语从句、介词的宾语从句、形容词的宾语从句。
【篇二】高考英语宾语从句知识点1. 宾语从句的引导词在复合句子中,作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。
例如:I want to know whose book this is.我想知道这是谁的书。
宾语从句的引导词有三种:1)that;2)whether/ if;3)特殊疑问词what/ when/ where/ who等。
例如:He said that he could help me. 他说他能够帮助我。
Your mother asked if you could finish your work this week.你妈妈问这个星期你能否完成工作。
Can you tell me when the sports meeting will begin?你能告诉我运动会将在什么时候开始吗?(1) 以that引导的宾语从句:that引导的宾语从句一般都是由陈述句充当,引导词that没有实际意义,不在从句中作任何成分,that可以省略,而且从句成分齐全,句意完整。
宾语从句详解1、概述用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句.宾语从句的位置与陈述句基本结构中的宾语相同.宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语, 也可以作介词和非谓语动词(动词不定式、动名词、分词)和某些形容词的宾语.宾语从句可以由从属连词that whether if, 关系代词what,who,whose,which和关系副词when、where、how、why等引导.He said he wanted to go to town.他说他想去城里.I hope you'll be better soon.我希望你能很快好起来.I’m so glad that you were able to come to this party.你能设法抽空出席这个交际会, 我很高兴.I know nothing about it except what I have read in the papers.除了在报上读到的以外,我对这件事一无所知.Most of the Chinese people usually go to work on the bike except when it rains.除了雨天,大多数中国人一般都骑自行车上班.He asked me whether she was coming.他问我, 她来还是不来.2、作动词宾语(1)由从属连词that引导的宾语从句.that引导宾语从句时, 只起引导词作用, 在句中不做成分, 在口语和非正式文体中常省去.I think(that)he'll be right in a few days.我认为他几天后就会好的.I wish(that)she would understand me.我希望她理解我.(2)由关系代词what,who,whose,which引导的宾语从句, 在句中作成分, 即主语、宾语、表语和定语, 关系代词在句中不能省略.A computer can only do what you have instructed it to do.计算机只能按人的指令去做.Do you know whom they are waiting for?你知道他们在等谁吗?He asked whose dictionary it was.他问这是谁的字典.He can't tell which method they will use for the experiment.他不能断定他们会用哪一种方法做实验.(3)关系副词when, where, how, why等引导宾语从句.关系副词when, where, how, why既有疑问意义, 又起连接作用, 而且在宾语从句中充当各种状语, 分别表时间、地点、方式、原因.在句中不能省略.Please tell me when we shall discuss our plan.请告诉我我们将何时讨论计划.I don't know where we are going to have the meeting.我不知道我们将在哪里开会.Will you tell me how I can get to the station?你能告诉我如何能到车站吗?Do you know why he said that?你知道他为什么说那件事吗?I remember when this used to be a quiet village.我记得这里曾经是一个僻静的村庄.(4)由从属连词whether或if引导的宾语从句.I wonder whether(if)daughters are valued as much as sons in the countryside.我想知道在农村女儿是否和儿子一样受到重视.I don't know whether(if)you are willing to help me.我不知道你是否愿意帮我.注意:whether和if的区别.(5)动词+间接宾语+宾语从句.动词如:advise,ask,inform,promise,question,remind,show,teach,tell,warn等, 宾语从句前可以有一个间接宾语, 这个宾语有时可以省略, 有的不能省略.He has informed me when they are to discuss my proposal.他已经通知我们将什么时候讨论我的建议.(me不可省略)She promised(us)that she would give us more help later on.她答应以后给我们更多的帮助.(us可省略)3、作介词宾语It depends on whether he is coming or not.这要看他是否会来.I was curious as to what we could do next.我想知道下一步我们该做什么.注意:that引导的宾语从句只在in,but,except,besides等少数介词后作宾语, 形成固定搭配, in that在于(因为), but that要不是(只是), except that除了…….The higher income tax is harmful in that it may discourage people from trying to earn more.所得税过高是有害的, 因为它可能使人不愿多赚钱.His paper is perfect except that there were some misprints.除了一些印刷错误之外, 这篇论文很好.4、作形容词宾语.No one can be sure what man will look like in a million years.谁也不知道一百万年后人类会变成什么样子.I am not certain whether I have met him before.我不能肯定从前是否见过他.I'm sorry(that)you're ill.你病了, 我很难过.注意:that引导的从句在下列形容词后面作宾语, that可以省略anxious,aware,certain,confident,convinced,determined,glad,proud,surprised,worried,sorry,t hankful,ashamed,disappointed,annoyed,pleased,hurt,satisfied,content,proud等.I'm sure(that)he'll help you.我确信他会帮助你.I'm glad(that)he has passed the exam.我很高兴, 他考试及格了.5、it充当形式宾语, 真正的宾语---宾语从句后置.正如我们常用it充当形式主语代替主语从句一样, 我们也常用it用作形式宾语代替宾语从句, 把真正的宾语从句后置.特别是带复合宾语的句子中.在这种结构中that不可省略.有下列几种情况:(1)believe,consider,declare,estimate,fancy,feel,find,guess,hear,imagine,know,make, prove,reckon,think,understand等动词接复合宾语(宾语+宾补)时, 要用it作形式宾语. We find it difficult that we should finish the work on time.我发现我们按时完成工作有困难. She thinks it wrong that he didn't answer the phone.她认为他不接电话是不对的.(2)在like, enjoy, love,hate,take等表喜怒哀乐的动词, 后若要跟宾语从句, 需跟形式宾语it.I hate it when people talk with their mouths full.我不喜欢人们满口饭说话.I like it that everyone passed the exam.都通过了考试我很喜欢.(3)由动词和介词构成的短语动词后接that宾语从句时, 要用形式宾语.We are thinking of it that we'll lend you some money.我正在考虑借给你钱的事.I shall see to it that he is taken good care of when you are absent.你不在的时候我负责把他照顾好.(4)用于“动词+宾语+介词短语”的句型中.Keep it in mind that you have to be home by ten o’clock.要记住你得十点钟之前回家.We took it for granted that he would come.我们认为他来是当然的.6、不可直接跟that从句的动词.下列动词不可直接接that从句:ask,refuse,let,like,cause,force,condemn,admire,celebrate,entreat,dislike,overlook,love,help ,take,forgive,bid,hate,hear(听见),see(看见),want(想要)等, 但可用it,the fact做媒介, 后接that从句;或接动名词、不定式.He overlooked it that he had made another mistake.(对)他忽视了一件事, 他又犯了一个错误. He overlooked the fact that he had made another mistake.(对)He overlooked that he had made another mistake.(错)I admire it that they won the match.(对)I admire the fact that they won the match.(对)我很羡慕, 他们赢得了比赛.I admire that they won the match.(错)7、that引导宾语从句的省略.(1)主句谓语动词是agree,argue,hold,learn,maintain,observe,contend,conceive,reckon, remark,state,suggest,assume,announce,calculate,indicate等时, 其后宾语从句的引导词that一般不可省略;主句谓语动词是hear,know,say,see,confess consider,declare,understand,propose等时, 其后宾语从句的引导词that可以省略, 也可以不省略;主句谓语动词是think,suppose,believe,presume,dare say等时, 其后宾语从句的引导词that可以省略.He suggested that we should set off at8o’clock tomorrow morning.他建议我们明天早晨8点走.(that不可省略)I think(that)this is very important.我认为这很重要.(that可省略)(2)当一个句子很复杂, 句中有多个状语时, that不可省略;或者一个句子有多个并列的宾语从句时, 特别第一个宾语从句特别长, 后面的宾语从句的that不可省略;谓语动词与that 从句之间有插入语时, that不可省去.He said you needn't worry and that he would help you.他说你没有必要着急, 他会帮助你的.(said之后可省去that, 但第二个that不可省去)We decide,as he has suggested,that we will start out tomorrow.就像他建议的那样, 我们决定明天动身.8、否定转移与省略(1)如果主句的谓语动词是“think,consider,suppose,believe,expect,fancy,guess,reckon, imagine等, 主语是第一人称的一般现在时态, 其后的宾语从句如含有否定意义, 一定要把否定词一道主句谓语上, 从句谓语动词用肯定形式.I don’t think he can do it better than me.我想他不会比我干得好.I don’t believe he treated the child like that.我相信他不会那样对待孩子的.(2)如果think,consider,suppose,believe,expect,fancy,guess,reckon,imagine等前有副词或表示强调的do,does,did;或者同其它词构成并列谓语;或者不以现在时出现;或者用作插入语中.这时候不用否定转移.I really expect she didn’t say that to him.我确实希望她不和他说那件事.I think and hope that he won’t be deceived by the man.我认为也希望他不会被那个人欺骗.(3)think,consider,suppose,believe,expect,fancy,guess,reckon,imagine等此类动词后, 在简略答语中, 用so替代前文肯定的宾语从句;若替代一个否定的宾语从句, 用not或not…so替代前文整个从句.-I believe we've met somewhere before.我认为我们从前在哪见过.-No, I don't think so.没有, 我认为我们以前没见过.-Do you think it's going to rain over the weekend?你认为这周末会下雨吗?-I believe not.我认为不会.注意:hope只能说I hope not一种形式, 因为hope不能否定转移.9、时态的呼应与语序.在宾语从句中只能用陈述句语序, 时态呼应上要遵循以下三条原则:(1)如果主句谓语是一般现在时或将来时, 宾语从句的谓语可根据意思的需要使用任何一种时态.Can you make sure where Alice has put the gold ring?你能确定爱丽丝把金戒指放到什么地方了吗?They have no idea at all where he has gone.他们一点也不知道他去了哪.Do you know who he was talking with at eight last night?你知道他昨晚和谁一起说话吗?(2)如果主句谓语是一般过去时, 宾语从句要用表示过去的某一时态.He said he would come to see us the next day.他说他明天将来看我们.I wanted to know whether he had been to Beijing.我想知道他是否去过北京.(3)如果宾语从句是表示客观事实、真理等, 不管主句是什么时态, 宾语从句一律用一般现在时.Dick asked Lucy how old she is.迪克问露斯她多大了.The teacher said the sun rises in the east.老师说太阳从东方升起.要点一、宾语从句要点之时态的呼应1. 如果主句是一般现在时、一般将来时或祈使句时,宾语从句可根据情况使用各种时态.例如:I hear she is here today(she was here yesterday/she will be here tomorrow.)2. 如果主句是一般过去时,宾语从句应使用过去时态的某种形式.例如:He said he was watching TV(he had swept thefloor/ he would play football after school).3. 如宾语从句所叙述的是客观事实、自然现象或科学真理等,从句不受主句时态限制,仍用一般现在时.例如:Our teacher told us that light travels fasterthan sound.二、宾语从句要点之引导词的使用1. 当宾语从句由陈述句变化而来时,用that来引导从句,that常无具体意义,一般可省略.例: Lin Tao thought (that)the TV play was veryboring.2. 当宾语从句是由一般疑问句变化而来时,要用if或whether来引导从句.例如:David asked his mother if/ whether she liked thedinner last night.3. 当宾语从句是由特殊疑问句变化而来时,原句中的疑问词充当连接代词(如who, whose, what, which)或连接副词(如when,where, why, how),引导宾语从句.例如:Do you know what we can do on the island?I don’t know why Jane was late for school this morning.三、宾语从句要点之语序的陈述化宾语从句一般要用陈述句语序.例如:When did he leave? I want to know. →I want to know when he left.Does the shop close at six every day? Do you know? →Do you know if/ whether the shop closes at six every day?四、宾语从句要点之否定转移当主句的谓语动词为think, believe, suppose等动词,且主语为第一人称时,从句的否定要转移到主句上.例如:I don’t believe he is here on time, is he?I don’t think Tom is the best student in his class, is he?。
考宾语从句知识点总结一、基本概念宾语从句是指在复合句中作宾语的从句,用来说明动作的对象或者说明发生的事情。
在英语中,宾语从句通常由连接词引导,如that, whether, if, how, when, where, why等。
二、考宾语从句的常见连接词1. that宾语从句中最常见的引导词是that,它可以引导名词性从句、状语从句和定语从句。
例如:I know that he is coming tomorrow.(名词性从句)He said that he would come to the party.(名词性从句)He told me that he was busy.(名词性从句)2. whetherwhether可以引导宾语从句用来表达选择、考虑的问题。
例如:I don't know whether he will come or not.(选择性的宾语从句)She asked me whether I had finished my homework.(考虑的宾语从句)3. ifif通常用来引导宾语从句表条件或假设。
例如:He asked me if I would help him with his project.(条件宾语从句)I don't know if he will come to the party.(假设宾语从句)4. how, when, where, why等疑问词这些词可以引导宾语从句,用来询问具体的信息或者原因。
例如:Do you know how he did on the test?(询问具体信息的宾语从句)I wonder why she is so upset.(询问原因的宾语从句)She told me where he lived.(询问具体信息的宾语从句)三、考宾语从句的语序1. 主句为陈述句时,宾语从句的语序与陈述句相同。
例如:He said that he would come to the party.(宾语从句语序为主+谓)I know that he is coming tomorrow.(宾语从句语序为主+谓)2. 主句为疑问句时,宾语从句的语序通常为陈述句的语序。
高考英语笔记——宾语从句(附例题解析)一、宾语从句宾语从句在复合句中起宾语的作用,既可作动词的宾语,也可作介词的宾语(作介词的宾语时必须由wh-疑问词引导)。
引导宾语从句的连词有that,if,whether;连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which;连接副词when,where,how,why。
从句引导词的使用:1. 连词that(引导从句,但是在从句中不作成分,that常可省略)☛He knows that Jim will work hard. 他知道吉姆会努力工作的。
2. 连词if, whether(表示"是否",引导从句,但是在从句中不作成分)【特别提醒】whether和if都有"是否"的意思,一般情况下两者可以换用,但在介词之后、不定式之前、与or not连用、在句首或在引导表语从句同位语从句时,只能用whether。
☛I want to know if/whether the news is true. 我想知道这个消息是不是真的。
☛He doesn’t know whether to stay or not. 他不知道改不该留下来。
【名师点睛】动词 doubt 用在疑问句或否定句中时,其后宾语从句常用that 作连接词;用在肯定句中时,连接词用 whether 或 if 皆可,而不用 that。
☛Do you doubt that he will win? 你怀疑他会赢吗?☛I don’t doubt that your proposition is wrong. 我不怀疑你的提议是错的。
☛He doubts whether/if I know it. 他怀疑我是否知道这件事。
3. 连接代词who, whom, which等☛Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for? 你知道他们在等谁吗?☛Do you know which dress fits her best? 你知道哪件连衣裙最适合她吗?4. 连接副词when, where, how, why☛Could you tell me how we can get to the station? 你能告诉我我们怎样才能去车站吗?学习宾语从句要把握三个要点:连接词、语序和时态。
宾语从句考点归纳宾语从句考点归纳宾语从句是高考的一个热点,又是一个难点,近几年虽说出现的次数不多,但是不能掉以轻心。
下面就高考试题谈一下宾语从句的考点和后不接that 从句的特殊情况。
一) 宾语从句可分为三类:1. 由that 引导,常跟在say, see, hear, doubt, think, know, believe, suggest等动词后2. 由if 或whether引导,常跟在wonder 和say等动词后3. 由等连接代词或连接副词引导。
近年来高考主要侧重对连接词的正确选择和从句中应使用陈述语序以及从句中时态呼应的考查。
(1) 连接代词均在宾语从句中充当主语、宾语、或定语;连接副词均充当状语。
因此应正确分析题意,断定宾语从句中缺少何种成分,然后再做出选择。
1.A computer can only do __you have instructed it to do (NMET2001)A. howB. afterC. whatD. when答案:C 连接代词,在宾语从句中充当宾语。
(2) 宾语从句应同主句在谓语时态上保持一致。
主句谓语是现在时,宾语从句的谓语可以是任意时态;主句谓语是过去时,宾语从句的谓语必须是过去的某种时态,(宾语是客观真理时则无此限制)如:The reporter said that the UFO ___ east to west when he saw it. (NMET2000) A. was travelling B.travelled C.had been traveling D.was to travel答案:A 从题意可知宾语从句的动作应是当时正在发生。
(3) 有时为使句子简洁明快还可以借助动词不定式来简化宾语从句,使用连接代(副)词+to do结构, 如:I’ve worked with children before, so I know what ____in my new job. (NMET2000)A. expectedB. to expectC. to be expectingD. expects (B)(4)宾语从句应使用陈述语序,尤其要注意由who, which, what, when, where, why, ho w等引导的宾语从句。
高考英语《宾语从句》知识点总结在主从复合句中作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。
宾语从句在句中可以作及物动词、介词或一些形容词的宾语。
Everyone knows that the earth is made up of matter.每个人都知道地球是由物质构成的。
I doubt whether he will be elected as chairman.我怀疑他是否会当选为主席。
1. that引导宾语从句,既无语法功能,也无词汇意义,常被省略。
但多个并列从句出现时,第一个that可以省略,其他的不能省略。
She said (that) she would come here and that I should wait for her till Monday.她说她将会来这儿,并让我等到星期一。
2. if和whether引导宾语从句的区别:①在动词不定式之前只能用whether。
②在whether...or not的固定搭配中,只用whether。
③在介词后,只能用whether。
④作discuss 的宾语时,只能用whether。
⑤宾语从句放在句首表示强调时,只能用whether。
3. 带复合宾语(宾语+宾语补足语)的句子,that引导的宾语从句经常移到句子后面,而用it作形式宾语。
4. 表示喜欢、憎恶等心理活动的动词后习惯上先加个形式宾语it,再接宾语从句。
例如:hate,dislike,love,don't mind,feel like,appreciate,rely on,count on,see to等。
We think it possible that you can finish the work today.我们认为你今天能够完成这项工作。
5. 宾语从句的否定转移:think,believe,suppose,imagine等动词后的宾语从句中的否定词要转移到主句中,即主句的谓语动词用否定式,而从句的谓语动词用肯定式。
高考高中英语语法专题:宾语从句归纳全总结引导宾语从句的关联词与引导主语从句表语从句的关联词大致一样,在句中可以作谓语动词或介词及非谓语动词的宾语。
# 01 #由连接词that引导的宾语从句由连接词that引导宾语从句时,that在句中不担任任何成分,在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去,但如果从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不可省。
He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow.他已经告诉我他明天要去上海。
We must never think (that) we are good in everything while others are good in nothing.我们决不能认为自己什么都好,别人什么都不好。
注意:在demand、order、suggest、decide、insist, desire, request, command, doubt 等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后,宾语从句常用“(should)+ 动词原形”。
I insist that she (should) do her work alone.我坚持要她自己工作。
The commander ordered that troops (should) set off at once.司令员命令部队马上出发。
# 02 #用who,whom, which, whose, what, when, where, why, how, whoever, whatever, whichever等关联词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句,应注意句子语序要用陈述语序。
I want to know what he has told you.我想知道他告诉了你什么。
She always thinks of how she can work well.她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。
高中英语宾语从句知识点高中英语宾语从句的知识点宾语从句是复合句中作为宾语的名词性从句,通常放在主句的谓语动词(及物动词)或介词之后。
1.成为动词的宾语(1)宾语从句由那个引导(那通常可以省略),例如:我听说要参军。
我听说他参军了。
(2)宾语从句由什么引导,是否(如果),例如:她不知道发生了什么。
她不知道发生了什么事。
我想知道你什么时候能给我换这张钞票。
不知你能否帮我改一下笔记。
(3)动词间接宾语从句。
示例:她告诉我她会接受我的邀请。
2.成为介词的宾语,例如:我们的成功取决于我们能在多大程度上相互合作。
我们的成功取决于我们的合作。
3.成为形容词的宾语,例如:恐怕我犯了一个错误。
恐怕我弄错了。
注:引导从句后常接下列形容词作为宾语:焦虑、觉察、确定的,自信的,确信的,坚定的,高兴的,自豪的,惊讶的,担心的,抱歉,感谢,惭愧,失望,烦恼,高兴,受伤,满足,内容等。
你也可以考虑。
在像原因状语从句这样的词之后。
4.它可以用作形式宾语。
它不仅可以用作形式主语,还可以用作形式宾语。
从句放在句尾的真正宾语,尤其是在有复合宾语的句子中。
示例:我们听说她下个月要结婚了。
我听说她下一个朋友要结婚了。
5.不能直接跟在那个从句后面的动词这些动词包括允许、拒绝、让、喜欢、引起、强迫、承认、谴责、庆祝,不喜欢、爱、帮助、索取、给予等。
这类词后面可以跟不定式或动名词作宾语,但以此为引导的宾语从句不能用。
例如:正确表达:我钦佩他们赢得这场比赛。
我很钦佩他们赢得了这场比赛。
6.不能用那个从句作直接宾语的动词有些动词不能用在“动词间接宾语那个从句”的结构中。
常见的有羡慕、命令、准确、拒绝、打动、给予、责备、否定、建议、祝贺等。
示例:正确表达:他给经理的印象是一个诚实的人。
错误的表达:他给经理的印象是他是一个诚实的人。
7.负迁移如果主句的谓语动词是想、考虑、支持、相信、期待、幻想、猜测、想象等。
如果后面的宾语从句含有否定意义,则否定词应转移到主句谓语上,从句的谓语应为正。
高中英语知识点归纳宾语从句宾语从句是英语语法中的重要部分,它在句子中做宾语的作用。
了解和掌握宾语从句的使用方法对于学习英语非常重要。
在本文中,我们将归纳总结高中英语中涉及到的宾语从句的知识点。
一、宾语从句的定义与基本结构宾语从句是一个句子,它作为动词或介词的宾语出现,在句中承担宾语的作用。
宾语从句一般由连接词引导,连接词的选择根据从句在主句中的不同语法功能。
宾语从句的基本结构为:连接词 + 从句。
其中,连接词根据宾语从句所承担的语法功能可分为不同的类型,如:1. 连接词引导的陈述句型宾语从句:连接词:that结构:主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 连接词 + 从句2. 连接词引导的一般疑问句宾语从句:连接词:if/whether结构:主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 连接词 + 从句3. 连接词引导的特殊疑问句宾语从句:连接词:特殊疑问词(如who, what, when, where, why, how等)结构:主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 连接词 + 从句二、宾语从句的使用条件和注意事项1. 宾语从句可以出现在及物动词后、介词后,也可以作为主动词的宾语出现。
例如:- I know that he is a doctor.- She asked if I had finished my homework.- Can you tell me where the library is?2. 特殊注意的是,在一些动词后只能跟特定的宾语从句类型。
例如,某些动词只能跟连接词that引导的宾语从句,如:decide, believe, hope 等;而某些动词只能跟特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句,如:ask, wonder, know等。
例如:- They decided that they would go shopping.- She asked when the train would arrive.3. 当主句是一般现在时、一般过去时或一般将来时时,宾语从句的时态通常不受约束,根据具体情况来选择时态。
高考英语笔记——宾语从句(附例题解析)一、宾语从句宾语从句在复合句中起宾语的作用,既可作动词的宾语,也可作介词的宾语(作介词的宾语时必须由wh-疑问词引导)。
引导宾语从句的连词有that,if,whether;连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which;连接副词when,where,how,why。
从句引导词的使用:1. 连词that(引导从句,但是在从句中不作成分,that常可省略)☛He knows that Jim will work hard. 他知道吉姆会努力工作的。
2. 连词if, whether(表示"是否",引导从句,但是在从句中不作成分)【特别提醒】whether和if都有"是否"的意思,一般情况下两者可以换用,但在介词之后、不定式之前、与or not连用、在句首或在引导表语从句同位语从句时,只能用whether。
☛I want to know if/whether the news is true. 我想知道这个消息是不是真的。
☛He doesn’t know whether to stay or not. 他不知道改不该留下来。
【名师点睛】动词 doubt 用在疑问句或否定句中时,其后宾语从句常用 that 作连接词;用在肯定句中时,连接词用 whether 或 if 皆可,而不用 that。
☛Do you doubt that he will win? 你怀疑他会赢吗?☛I don’t doubt that your proposition is wrong. 我不怀疑你的提议是错的。
☛He doubts whether/if I know it. 他怀疑我是否知道这件事。
3. 连接代词who, whom, which等☛Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for? 你知道他们在等谁吗?☛Do you know which dress fits her best? 你知道哪件连衣裙最适合她吗?4. 连接副词when, where, how, why☛Could you tell me how we can get to the station? 你能告诉我我们怎样才能去车站吗?学习宾语从句要把握三个要点:连接词、语序和时态。
高考英语宾语从句用法高考英语考试中,宾语从句是一个非常重要的考点。
宾语从句是句子中充当宾语的从句,常常由连接词引导。
它在表达能力、语法和句型的运用等方面都有一定的难度。
下面将详细介绍高考英语宾语从句的用法。
一、宾语从句的引导词:1. "that"引导的宾语从句在宾语从句中,最常见的引导词为"that",它在口语中通常被省略。
例如:He said (that) he would come to the party.注意:当主句谓语动词是"think"、"believe"、"suppose"、"find"等时,宾语从句的谓语动词可以省略"that"。
例如:I think (that) she is a good student.2. 连接代词引导的宾语从句连接代词有:what, which, who, whom, whose等。
它们的选择要根据所缺的成分来确定。
例如:Can you tell me what time it is?I don't know which book she has borrowed.3. 连接副词引导的宾语从句连接副词有:when, where, why, how等。
它们的选择也要根据所缺的成分来确定。
例如:Can you tell me when he will arrive?I don't know how she passed the exam.二、宾语从句与主句的语序当主句的动词是及物动词时,宾语从句常常按陈述句的语序来构成。
如:I know (that) he is a doctor.当主句的动词是感官动词、使役动词或使观念动词时,宾语从句常常按照自己的语序来构成。
如:I heard him say that he would come next week.I made him promise that he would be on time.I find it strange that he didn't come to the meeting.三、宾语从句的时态和语态1. 当主句谓语动词是一般现在时、一般过去时、现在完成时或将来时时,宾语从句的时态一般不发生变化。
高考英语-宾语从句-知识点考点全梳理宾语从句的讲解:1,宾语从句的各种连接词:例如:I believe that you are right 我相信你是对的。
I want to know whether you can come here 我想要知道你是否能来这里。
I believe whatever you say 你说什么,我都相信其他连接词:who,which,when ,where,wherever ,whoever,however ,whatever,2,动宾形式的宾语从句:例如:I expect that you can give me a hand 我期待你能帮助我(及物动词)I worry (about省略)how much you know about the news 我担心你对这个消息知道多少。
(不及物动词的介词常省略)We must point out what he has done about the work 我们必须指出他对这个工作做了什么(动词加副词的短语)Make sure that you are right 你必须确定是对的。
I think it necessary that you must study English every day 我认为你每天必须学习英语是有必要的。
We all considered what you said to be believed 我们都认为你所说的是可信的。
(有to do 的不定式,前面不能有it 做形式主语。
)I hate it that they speak English in front of me 我讨厌他们在我的面前说英语。
(不能直接跟宾语从句的词语:hate 讨厌,take 认为,see to 负责,owe 欠债)3,介宾结构的宾语从句:1,I want to know about whether you will be here or not 我想要知道你是否在这里。
高中英语宾语从句知识点总结高中英语宾语从句知识点总结一、定义:宾语从句就是一个句子作动词或介词的宾语。
二、结构:主语+谓语+连接词+从句。
三、连接词:1. 从属连词:that (无任何意思,在句中不做成分,口语中常可以省略)2. 连接代词:what, who, whom, whose, which (做从句中主语、宾语、或者定语,指物)。
3. 连接副词:where, when, how, why (做从句中的状语)。
四、注意事项:1. 宾语从句的语序必须是陈述句语序。
2. 引导词有:that (在陈述句中无任何意思,在句中不做成分,口语中常可以省略),if/whether (是否),特殊疑问词 (做从句中主语、宾语、或者定语,指物),特殊疑问副词 (做从句中的状语)。
3. 有时态上的变化。
语序:无论前面主句动词是什么形式,从句的语序都要变成陈述语序。
五、例子:1. He asks (that) I should go there. (前面的从句为陈述语序,如果前面从句的主语为I时,I只用于全句,如 that 的作用是为了表明语气是否婉转)2. He is considering whether he can find out whose tools they are。
(做“是否”解时引导宾语从句,例如: Can the answer be true? )3. I know where he lives. (where引导的宾语从句在复合句中作地点状语)4. He prefers music that is soft and light. (that在宾语从句中引导限定性定语从句。
去掉the images 后) (那样的,修饰后面的名词music)5. You don’t look well. I am afraid that you caught a bad cold. (that 在宾语从句中引导结果状语从句。
考点七十二宾语从句引导宾语从句的连接词主要有:连接词:that,whether,if等连接代词:what,who,whose,whatever,whichever,whoever等连接副词:when,where,why,how等1. 连接词that,whether,if引导☞I think (that) you should turn to the teacher for help. 我认为你应该向老师寻求帮助。
☞I don’t know if/whether he still lives here after so many years. 我不知道这么多年后他是否还住在这儿。
注意:whether/if都意为"是否"。
一般情况下,它们可以互换,口语中常用if,但以下情况中,只能用whether。
(1)与or not紧接连用时。
☞Let me know whether or not you can come. 请让我知道你是否能来。
(2)作介词的宾语从句时。
☞We are interested in whether you will attend the meeting. 我们对你是否参加会议感兴趣。
2. 连接代词what,who,whose,whatever,whichever,whoever等引导☞She asked me whose handwriting was the best in the class. 她问我班上谁的书法最好。
☞I’ll just say whatever comes into my mind. 我想到什么就说什么。
3. 连接副词when,where,why,how等引导☞Do you know when the ancient Olympic Games began?你知道古代的奥运会是什么时间开始的吗?☞I’ve been thinking about how we can make the newspaper more interesting.我一直在考虑如何使我们的报纸更用趣。
4. 宾语从句的语序在宾语从句中要用陈述句语序。
☞He asked me when we could set out the next day. 他问我第二天什么时候可以出发。
☞Did you find out where she lost her car? 你查出她在哪里丢的车了吗?5. 宾语从句的时态(1)当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时时,其宾语从句的时态可以是任何适当的时态。
☞She says (that) she works from Monday to Friday. 她说她周一至周五上班。
(从句是一般现在时)☞she says (that) she will leave a message on his desk.她说她要在他桌子上留个便条。
(从句是一般将来时)☞She says (that) she has never been to Mount Emei.她说她从来没有去过峨眉山。
(从句是现在完成时)(2)当主句的谓语动词是一般过去时时,其宾语从句的时态一般要用适当的过去时态。
☞He said there were no classes yesterday afternoon.他说昨天下午没有课。
(从句是一般过去时)☞He said that he was going to take care of the baby.他说他会去照看这个婴儿。
(从句是过去将来时)☞He said that they were having a meeting at that time.他说他们那时正在开会。
(从句是过去进行时)(3)当宾语从句是表达客观真理和规律的句子时,其时态仍旧用一般现在时。
☞The teacher told us that nothing is difficult if we put our hearts into it.老师告诉我们世上无难事,只怕有心人。
☞He said that light travels much faster than sound. 他说光比声音传播得快。
注意:学习宾语从句应该注意以下几点。
(1)引导宾语从句的连词that一般可以省略,但是在及物动词之后跟有两个或两个以上的宾语从句时,只有第一个that可以省略。
☞Glancing at her scornfully,he told her(that) the dress was sold.他轻蔑地看了她一眼,告诉她说那件衣服卖了。
☞The teacher said (that) the text was very important and that we should learn it by heart.老师说课文非常重要,我们应该背下来。
(2)表示"心理活动"的形容词:afraid,anxious,aware,ashamed,annoyed,certain,confident,content,convinced,determined,disappointed,glad,happy,proud,pleased,sure,surprised,satisfied,thankful,worried等可以后接宾语从句。
☞He was afraid that he would lose.他担心会输。
☞I am sure that I put the money in the box.我肯定把钱放在盒子里了。
(3)若主句谓语动词为think,consider,suppose,believe,expect,fancy,guess,imagine等,其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义,一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上,从句谓语用肯定式,这种现象称为"否定转移"现象(此时主语往往为第一人称,偶尔为第三人称;否定词never,seldom,hardly,little无此用法)。
☞I don’t think his decision is wise in reali ty.实际上,我觉得他的决定并不明智。
☞I don’t believe that he is a dishonest man.我认为他是个诚实的人。
(4)在think,believe,imagine,suppose,guess,hope等动词以及I’m afraid之后,可以采用so代替一个肯定的宾语从句,也可以采用not代替否定的宾语从句。
☞—Do you believe the news stories?"你相信这个新闻故事吗?"—I believe so."我相信。
"☞—Has Anne got into university?"安妮上大学了吗?"—I am afraid not."恐怕是没有。
"1.Jenny asked me___________I had returned the bike to its owner, and I admitted that I hadn’t.A.whenB.whereC.whetherD.what2. While ________ the National Congress of Communist Party, President Xi instructed the party never to forget _______ we started and then we can accomplish our mission.A.sponsoring; whenB.delivering; whenC.dismissing; whereD.addressing; where3. I was surprised by her words, which made me recognize ________ silly mistakes I had made.A.whatB.thatC.howD.which【2018·天津】The gold medal will be awarded to ________wins the first place in the bicycle race.A. whomeverB. whereverC. whoeverD. whatever【答案】C【解析】考查名词性从句连接词。
句意:无论谁获得自行车比赛第一名,金牌将授予他。
分析句子可知,宾语从句中缺少主语,故用whoever,表示“任何人,无论谁”。
故选C。
点睛:分析句子可知,空格处做be awarded to的宾语,同时在后面的从句中做主语,再根据句意可知,这里主语指人,故用whoever。
1.【2017·北京】Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street, not knowing ______she was heading.A. whyB. whereC. howD. when【答案】B【解析】A. why 为什么B. where 在哪C. how 如何D. when什么时候。
句意:Jane漫无目的地走在两旁栽树的街道上,不知道她将去往何方,根据语境可知此处是表地点的,很容易就可选出答案B。
2.【2017·天津】She asked me _______ I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted thatI hadn’t.A. whenB. whereC. whetherD. what【答案】C【解析】句意:他问我是否已经把书还给图书馆了,我承认。
我还没有还。
A.什么时候;B.在哪里;C是否;D.什么。
根据句意,故选C3.(2016·全国卷I·短文改错)My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live.【答案】that → where【解析】考查宾语从句的引导词。
介词后面的宾语从句缺少状语,根据句意判断此处表示地点。
故把that改为where。
4.【2015·湖南】You have to know____you're going if you are to plan the best way of getting there.A. whatB. thatC. whereD. who【答案】C【解析】根据分析可知:You have to know…后面是一个宾语从句。
宾语从句的连接词有连接代词和连接副词,连接代词有:who, whom, whose, which, what,在句中担任主语、宾语、定语或者表语,连接副词有:when, where, why, how,在句中担任状语的成分。