甘肃省兰州市第一中学2020届高考英语最后冲刺模拟试题

2020-2021学年甘肃省兰州第一中学高三英语模拟试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AA brother and a sister have been reunited (重逢) after more than 60 years, thanks to a letter in the Welwynand Hatfield Times. For years John Hannant kept a photo of his long-lost sister, hoping they would meet again.Margery, the eldest of three children, had signed up with the Royal Air Force as part of the war effort, when John was still a baby.The family lost touch and as many years passed only a single letter gave a clue to her whereabouts (下落). The clue was enough for a WHT reader to recognize Margery and put the family back in touch.John, 67, said he had been searching for a long time and a friend suggested writing to the paper.“That’s the one that made it, the letter to the paper,” he said. “It’s like a dream that comes true. The last time we ever heard from Margery was in 1953 after the terrible floods. She wrote home to know if we were all right.My sister Dorothy wrote back, but Margery had moved again and never got the letter.”Having retired from his job as a gardener at Park House, Mr Hannant decided to take action.He and his wife Doreen traveled to Margery’s home in Chelwood Avenue, Hatfield, which she shares with her husband Jack Cooke.Now 88, Margery was recovering from her heart operation, but immediately recognized her brother. John said, “It’s something I never thought that was going to happen but I always hoped it would.” AS well as finding his sister, John has also discovered he now has a nephew, a niece and six grandnieces and grandnephews.1.The headline of the news would be “________”.A.An unforgettable and moving experienceB.The Hannant family lost touch because of warC.A brother and a sister reunited after 60 yearsD.The importance of a letter to WHT2.Margery left her family because ________.A.she attended the air schoolB.she joined the Royal Air ForceC.she had to feed her familyD.a big flood hit her hometown3.Who helped the family reunite after many years?A.Margery’s husband Jack CookeB.The photographer of the photo of Margery.C.A neighbour of Mr Hannant.D.A reader of WHT.BJapan has announced emergency Covid measures in Tokyo and three other areas in order to control rising infections (传染病), just three months before the country is set to host the Olympics. The government said the state of emergency — set to last for about two weeks— would be “short and powerful”. Under the measures, bars will be required to close and big sporting events will be held without audience. The government has insisted that the Olympics will go ahead in July.Prime minister Yoshihide Suga announced the measures on Friday, saying they would begin on Sunday and remain in place until 11 May. In addition to to Tokyo, Osaka, Kyoto and Hyogo will be affected. It has marked the third state of emergency in japan since the pandemic began. “I sincerely apologize for causing trouble for many people again,” he said. “It is feared that infection in major cities will spread across the whole country if we take no measures.”Under the rules, major facilities like department stores will close, as well as restaurants, bars, and KTV rooms serving alcohol. Restaurants that do not serve alcohol are being told to close early, and companies are being asked to make arrangements for people to work remotely. Schools will remain open. Besides, the emergency measurescoincide withthe country’s “Golden Week” holiday, which runs from late April to the first week of May and is the busiest travel period of the year. Tokyo governor Yuriko Koike urged residents to start taking precautions immediately. In an effort to discourage people from going out at night. She said neon signs (霓虹灯) would be turned off.The coronavirus toll in Japan has been much lower than that in many other countries, with about 558,000 cases and fewer than 10,000 deaths, according to figures collected by Johns Hopkins University. But there are concerns over the latest rise in infections, with reports of hospital bed shortages in some areas.Tokyo 2020 president Seiko Hashimoto said at a news conference on Friday that organizers were not considering canceling the event. “I hope the coronavirus situation improves with the prevention measures the government, Tokyo, and other regional governments have put into place,” she said. “We, as Tokyo 2020, continue to wish for the swift return to normal and will continue to work closely to make sure a safe and secure Olympicscan happen.”4. According to the passage, what does Japanese government advise people to do?A. To watch a live game.B. To work at home.C. To hang out in the evening.D. To study at home.5. What is the aim of bringing in emergency Covid measures?A. To relieve people's fear of the the pandemic.B. To settle the problem of hospital bed shortages.C. To test government’s management of emergency.D. To ensure the smooth running of the upcoming Olympics.6. Which words can best describe the government’s action?A. generous and brilliant.B. costly but useless.C. positive and considerate.D. accidental but efficient.7. What does the underlined phrase “coincide with” in Paragraph 3 mean?A. meet withB. deal withC. make upD. set upCVietnammade preparations for theLunar New Year with a fish release on Thursday. The tradition involves releasing fish called carps into rivers and lakes in the country a week before the holiday known as Tet officially begins.The tradition comes from an ancient story of three “Kitchen Gods”. The three, two males and a female, take a ride on the brightly color1 ed carp at the end of the year. They go to Heaven to meet with the Jade Emperor, the God who rules there. The “Kitchen Gods” report news about the families they represent to seek the emperor's care and protection. Their efforts help to keep the kitchen fires burning, and families happy and healthy.As the Gods go to Heaven, families clean their houses in preparation to celebrate Tet. A clean house, Vietnamese believe, will bring luck in the new year. On Lunar New Year's Eve, the Gods will return to Earth and their duties in the kitchen of the house.Thursday's event inVietnamthis year was more controlled than ever before because of COVID-19. It is spreading in several northern areas of the country. However,Vietnamhas increased contact examination, mass testing, and quarantine measures to slow the spread. The aggressive action has limited infections and deaths in the country.“Vietnamese will still follow the tradition of releasing the fish, but COVID-19 has made people keep a safedistance,” said Tran Van Toi as he released a carp from a plastic bag atHanoi'sWestLake.This year, due to COVID-19, there were fewer people releasing fish there, but there was a major change in attitude towards plastic bags. After years of persuasion, now they don't throw the plastic bags into the water anymore but collect them to be recycled.8. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about?A. Kitchen fires inVietnam.B. Traditional customs ofVietnam.C. A report on family activities inVietnam.D. A tale about Vietnamese Lunar New Year.9. What's the author's attitude towards theVietnam's actions to control COVID-19?A. Critical.B. Positive.C. Doubtful.D. Unconcerned.10. What was the change about fish release inVietnamthis year?A. It required few lake fish.B. It was more interesting and diverse.C. It was more environmentally friendly.D. It required more people and plastic bags.11. What can be the best title for the text?A. Vietnamese Respect Gods During the Festive TimeB. Vietnamese Mark Lunar New Year with Fish ReleaseC. Vietnamese Lunar New Year Celebrations Are FunnyD. Traditional Lunar New Year Promotes Animal ProtectionDThe shade of a single tree can provide welcome relief from the hot summer sun. But when that single tree is part of a small forest, it creates a considerable cooling effect. According to a study published today in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, trees play a big role in keeping our cities cool.According to the study, the right amount of tree cover can lower summer daytime temperatures by as much as 10 degrees Fahrenheit. And the effect is quite noticeable from neighborhood to neighborhood, even down to the scale of a single city block. “We knew that cities are warmer than the surrounding countryside, but we found that temperatures vary just as much within cities,” says Monica Turner, a professor in the department of Integrative Biology, Wisconsin-Madison University and a co-author of the study.With climate change making extreme heat events more common each summer, city planners are working on how to prepare. Heat waves drive up energy demands and costs and can have big human health impacts. One potentially powerful tool, the study's authors say, are organisms that have been around long before human civilizations could appreciate their leafy benefits. And those trees may be the secret to keeping the places we livelivable.Essentially, says Turner, roads, sidewalks and buildings absorb heat from the sun during the day and slowly release that heat at night. Trees, on the other hand, not only shade those surfaces from the sun's rays, they also release water into the air through their leaves, a process that cools things down.To get the maximum benefit of this cooling service, the study found that tree cover must be more than 40 percent. In other words, an aerial picture of a single city block would need to be nearly half-way covered by a leafy green network of branches and leaves.12. What can we infer from Paragraph 2?A. Temperatures in cities mainly depend on their green coverage.B. People living and working in cities must plant trees in summer.C. Cities are warmer than the countryside because they don't have trees.D. An area with more trees can be cooler than the other parts within a city.13. Which of the following problems is caused by extreme heat events?A. Severe damage of city facilities.B. Serious human health problems.C. Residents' growing demands for plants.D. Unnecessary waste of energy resources.14. Why are trees crucial to cities?A. They help shade and cool the cities.B. They make urban scenery beautiful.C. They build up city cooling systems.D. They essentially block and release heat.15. What can city planners conclude from the study?A. They should publish the study in a newspaper.B. They should educate citizens to protect forests.C. They should plant trees on roads and sidewalks.D. They should cover nearly half the city with trees.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020年甘肃省兰州第一中学高三英语一模试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ABird migration is described as the regular, seasonal movement of bird populations from one place to another and back again.The longer days and rich food of the northern summer provide greater chances for birds to feed their young. The longer daylight hours and enormous food resources allow birds to lay larger eggs than those of related non-migratory species that remain in the tropics all year round. As the days shorten in autumn and the breeding period is over, the birds return to warmer regions where the available food supply differs little with the seasons changing. The advantages of migration make up for the high stress, physical exertion（消耗）, and other risks of the migration.Day length is the primary environmental factor that encourages birds to prepare for migration. They have an increased appetite which results in weight gaining, giving them the fat reserves that provide energy for their migratory flight. They also show more activity at night, which is when most birds migrate. While the length of day is the primary reason for migration, birds also respond to temperature changes. For example, if a spring is late and the temperature is lower than normal, birds delay migration; if a spring is early, birds also begin migration early.The timing of the migratory cycle must allow birds to arrive on the breeding site so that there is time tobuild a breeding place, mate, lay the eggs, and hatch the young before the rich food is available to feed the young in the nest. Similarly, if birds wait until the climate in their northern breeding grounds becomes tolerable(可忍受的), there will be no time togain the necessary weight that provides the energy needed for their southbound migration.1. Why do birds migrate to the north in spring?A The temperature in the south has risen.B. They like traveling and enjoy the journey.C. The summer there is warmer than that in the south.D. The environment there is more suitable for them to feed their baby birds.2. What are the two factors that cause birds to migrate?A. Day length and food supply.B. Night length and high stress.C. Temperature changes and daylength.D. Food supply and temperature changes.3. Which can be the best title for the text?A. Birds' LifeB. Birds' MigrationC. Birds' Breeding HabitsD. Birds' Living EnvironmentBFlying someone one-way fromLondontoNew Yorkproduces nearly a ton ofcarbon dioxide or CO2. That's alot of this climate-warming greenhouse gas. But there are ways to cut the climate impact of flying, one of which is to ask planes to surf high-altitude winds every chance they get.It's not something they've been allowed to do. But that may change—and soon.Most jets crossing the Atlantic Ocean follow one of several fixed paths that are widely spaced because radar (雷达) had not been able to track aircraft everywhere above the Atlantic. But a new network of satellites could soon change that.Wells was part of a team inEnglandthat calculated the fastest possible routes for passenger planes. According to them , traveltime a plane takes when flying across theAtlanticvaries with the winds that a plane meets. For instance, eastbound (向东的) flights can get a powerful push. Westbound routes miss that benefit. Faster flights burn less fuel. And less burning gives off fewergreenhouse gases.The airline industry knows it has a high " carbon footprint." But it takes decades and many billions of dollars to design, test and fly new planes. Changing a flight path, in contrast, can cut costs and energy right away.The new study doesn't show how well such wind surfing would work for all planes, in all skies and the world over. Bui it does suggest that making flight routes more flexible could cut both fuel use and CO2in some places.However, if flight times vary depending on the wind, scheduling connecting flights and managing runways and gates would become more complicated. The researchers would have to work out the best flight paths that take such scheduling issues into consideration. They may also want to see if flying at different altitudes gives a wider choice of flexible routes at the times most people want to fly.National Air Traffic Services (NATS) which provides air-traffic control for theUnited Kingdomsaid it would temporarily disband its flight-paths system and work to allow airlines to choose flexible routes that would bestlimit their fuel use.4. What happens to east bound flights when crossing theAtlantic?A. They consume more fuel.B. They use less time and energy.C. They produce more greenhouse gases.D. They are against a stronger wind.5. What should be done to make adopting flexible flight routes possible?A. Calculating the flight time.B. Finding the best flight paths.C. Adjusting the size of jets.D. Adding more runways and gates.6. Which word can best replace the underlined word "disband” in the last paragraph?A. Stop.B. Copy.C. Handle.D. Restore.7. What can we infer from the text?A. Planes are producing the most carbon dioxide.B. New fuel is benefiting airline industries greatly.C. Carbon footprint is a serious problem in theUK.D. Surfing the winds can make air travel greener.CIvrea is a town in the Piedmont province of northern Italy. It is known for its localcarnival（狂欢节）organized in February.The main part of the carnival is the famous Battle of the Oranges (La battaglia delle arance). The Battle includes nine teams who throw oranges at each other during three carnival days – Sunday, Monday and Tuesday.Oranges were not always used in the battle. In the middle ages people used beans. Twice a year the local feudal lord gave a pot of beans to the poor families who, as sign of rebellion, threw them out of their homes. Later beans became part of carnival as sort of “ammunition” for throwing at people passing by.It is still not known why exactly people started using oranges. It is believed that the origin for this tradition is in the mid 19th century. The legend says that local girls, standing on balconies, started to throw some oranges, together with confetti,lupins(白羽扇豆)and flowers, onto the parade carriages. The girls actually wanted to draw attention of boysin the carriages. Boys “answered” by throwing some objects back at girls. Little battle started that way.Battle of the Oranges got strict rules after the World War II. The battles are organized on town's squares. The battles are fought between teams in carriages (symbolizing local the guards of localtyrant(恶霸)) and the teams walking beside those carriages (symbolizing rebellious people of Ivrea).Oranges for the event are brought from the island of Sicily. The oranges used are of low quality, not suitable for humans. About 270,000 kilograms of oranges are used each year.The carnival ends with a silent march on the night of “Fat Tuesday”. The Carnival "general" says goodbye to everyone with the phrase "See you next Fat Thursday at 1 p.m."Special prizes are awarded to three best foot teams, three carriages drawn by two horses and three carriages drawn by four horses. Different elements are judged like for example throwing ability, fair play or decoration of carriages.8. The word "ammunition" (paragraph 3) is closest in meaning to________.A. decorationB. bulletsC. advertisementD. presents9. In Battle of the Oranges, the teams walking beside carriages act as ________.A. the Carnival generalB. the local feudal lordC. the rebellious people of IvreaD. the guards of local tyrant(暴君)10. Which of the following statements about Battle of the Oranges is NOT true?A. In the middle ages, people threw beans out of homes as a sign of rebellion.B. Girls throw oranges towards carriages in the parade to attract the attention of boys inside.C. Tons of oranges are used every year to hold the festival.D. People started to throw oranges because they are of low quality and not suitable to eat.11. What is this passage mainly about?A. A traditional activity in an Italian carnivalB. The origin of Battle of the OrangeC. How people enjoy themselves in the Orange CarnivalD. The rules of activities in carnivals in ItalyDIt was once considered an important status symbol ---but having a home phone is increasingly seen asa white elephant. New figures show that one in five households no longer bother with a landline（固定电话），and almost a third of those that do never actually use it.The vast majority of people who still have a home phone ——72 percent ——say they only have it because it is part of their broadband package.But that's not the only reason to desert the home phone - 20 percent of those surveyed said that they were fed up with the number of cold calls and would-be scammers（诈骗者）.Digital media expert Dr. Elinor Carmi said there was a generational and social divide in phone use. Sheexplained："If you,re young and have the mobility to go outside, you would rely on a mobile phone. But if you are older, disabled and perhaps poorer, our research shows you're more likely to use a landline. If you are richer, you will have access to more smart devices --- a smart TV, smartphone or laptop. But the poorer you are --- or if you are older, your use of these devices is more limited.”Last year, research from regulator Ofcom found that the amount of time spent on landline calls annually in theUKhad halved over just six years, to 54 billion minutes. The new study also showed that more than a quarter of households have decided to find a broadband provider that does not charge for their unused landline, but only six percent have done so.12. The underlined part “ a white elephant" in Paragraph 1 probably refers to something that isA. costly but effectiveB. useful and beautifulC. expensive but uselessD. cheap and necessary13. What's the main reason why some people still have a home phone?A. Their broadband package contains it.B. Their family can only afford to use it.C. They are used to using a home phone.D. They consider it an important status symbol.14. Which of the following is more likely to use a landline?A. A young adventurer.B. An old poor gardener.C. An outdoor photographer.D. A famous indoor designer.15. What's the best title of the text?A. End of the landline?B. Fed up with cold calls?C. The history of phonesD. Different choices of phones第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019-2020学年甘肃省兰州第一中学高三英语模拟试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AWashingtonDCBusToursDC Highlights TourThis is their base tour. It begins at 10 am daily and lasts for 5 hours. This part-bus, part-walking tour includes guided stops in theUS. All of their tours include a driver as well as a tour guide, and yourtour guide will get off the bus and give you walking tours of each stop, while your bus and driver wait for you. Capitol Building, the White House, Washington Monument as well as the Lincoln and MLK Memorials and the Vietnam War and Korean War Veterans Memorials.$54—Adult I $44—Child (3—12)Discover DC TourIf you want pretty much to explore every famous monument and landmark in DC and take a 1 -hour cruise on thePotomac River, then consider the Discover DC Tour. This 6-hour tour will take you to all locations (景点) listed on their DC Highlights Tour as well as the World WarⅡMemorial, the Franklin Delano Roosevelt Memorial, and the Thomas Jefferson Memorial.TIP: If you are planning on visiting NYC, you will get 30% off the Discover NYC Tour (normally $100) if you buy it at the same time as your Discover DC Tour.$74—Adult I $54—Child (3—12)VIP ExclusiveWashingtonDCCity TourThis 8-hour tour is actually the Discover DC Tour above with a VIP add-on at the beginning and the end. You * 11 meet your guide early for reserved (预留)tickets to tour inside the US Capitol Building. The 45 -minute tour and film have reserved tickets so you don't have to worry about it being sold out. After your day of sightseeing, you 'll be dropped off at the National Archives, again with reserved time tickets so you don't have to worry about waiting in line.$125 for Adults and ChildrenSkyview Changeable Bus TourOn this changeable mini bus, you get to experience a guided tour with panoramic views (全景)without theglare of a window in the photos! A guided bus tour takes you not only through all locations listed on the DC Highlights Tour, but also Old Town Alexandria andNationalHarbor.$69—Adult I $59—Child (3—12)Time: 9 am—4 pm1. What's special about the DC Highlights Tour?A. It uses mini buses.B. It has the fewest locations.C. It has the most tour guides.D. It provides reserved tickets.2. How much should a man pay if he buys the Discover DC Tour and the Discover NYC Tour at the same time?A. $128.B. $174.C. $104.D. $144.3. Which tour lasts the longest?A. DC Highlights Tour.B. Discover DC Tour.C. VIP ExclusiveWashingtonDCCity Tour.D. Skyview Changeable Bus Tour.BThe shade of a single tree can provide welcome relief from the hot summer sun. But when that single tree is part of a small forest, it creates a considerable cooling effect. According to a study published today in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, trees play a big role in keeping our cities cool.According to the study, the right amount of tree cover can lower summer daytime temperatures by as much as 10 degrees Fahrenheit. And the effect is quite noticeable from neighborhood to neighborhood, even down to the scale of a single city block. “We knew that cities are warmer than the surrounding countryside, but we found that temperatures vary just as much within cities,” says Monica Turner, a professor in the department of Integrative Biology, Wisconsin-Madison University and a co-author of the study.With climate change making extreme heat events more common each summer, city planners are working on how to prepare. Heat waves drive up energy demands and costs and can have big human health impacts. One potentially powerful tool, the study's authors say, are organisms that have been around long before human civilizations could appreciate their leafy benefits. And those trees may be the secret to keeping the places we live livable.Essentially, says Turner, roads, sidewalks and buildings absorb heat from the sun during the day and slowly release that heat at night. Trees, on the other hand, not only shade those surfaces from the sun's rays, they also release water into the air through their leaves, a process that cools things down.To get the maximum benefit of this cooling service, the study found that tree cover must be more than 40percent. In other words, an aerial picture of a single city block would need to be nearly half-way covered by a leafy green network of branches and leaves.4. What can we infer from Paragraph 2?A. Temperatures in cities mainly depend on their green coverage.B. People living and working in cities must plant trees in summer.C. Cities are warmer than the countryside because they don't have trees.D. An area with more trees can be cooler than the other parts within a city.5. Which of the following problems is caused by extreme heat events?A. Severe damage of city facilities.B. Serious human health problems.C. Residents' growing demands for plants.D. Unnecessary waste of energy resources.6. Why are trees crucial to cities?A. They help shade and cool the cities.B. They make urban scenery beautiful.C. They build up city cooling systems.D. They essentially block and release heat.7. What can city planners conclude from the study?A. They should publish the study in a newspaper.B. They should educate citizens to protect forests.C. They should plant trees on roads and sidewalks.D. They should cover nearly half the city with trees.CA North Atlantic right whale calf(幼崽) was discovered dead on the beach of an island off North Carolina. The male newborn was found on North Core Banks, part of the Cape Lookout National Seashore. The reports indicate that the animal died during birth or shortly after, according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration(NOAA). Scientists took DNA to determine the calf’s mother.This is the beginning of the right whale’s reproduction(繁殖) season, which begins mid-November and runs through mid-April. NOAA called this death a disastrous start to the season. Each new right whale calf brings so much hope for this badly endangered animals, and losses like this have a great impact on their recovery, NOAA said.The right whale is one of the rarest marine mammals(哺乳动物) in the world, according to NOAA. They will soon be extinct unless something is done to save it, researchers warn. This kind of whale has been experiencing an Unusual Death Event over the past three years, according to NOAA. Since 2017, at least 32 dead and 13 seriouslywounded whales have been documented by the organization. “This means more than 10 percent of the remaining population,” according to NOAA.NOAA posted a piece of news on Monday, the same day they announced the calf’s death, warning boaters to be watchful as the whales are migrating(迁徙) nearly 1,000 miles along the Atlantic Coast. The organization calls for boaters to be watchful, slow down and to give these endangered whales plenty of room. They also ask all fishermen to remove their unused nets from the ocean to help avoid possibledamage.8. Why did scientists take DNA of the calf?A. To save its mother.B. To confirm its identity.C. To determine the time of its death.D. To uncover the cause of its death.9. How many right whales are left according to the passage?A. About 40.B. About 50.C. About 400.D. About 500.10. What do we know aboutNorth Atlanticright whales?A. Their reproduction season usually last about half a year.B. They are the rarest marine mammals in the world.C. They are experiencing a high death rate of newborns.D. Their habitat runs nearly 1,000 miles along the coast.11. What’s the main purpose of the news posted on Monday?A. To announce the calf’s unusual death.B. To remind boaters to watch the whales.C. To protect the boats against the whales.D. To assist the whales’ seasonal migration.DIs renting clothes greener than buying them? Sustainable (可持续的) fashion expert Elizabeth Cline isn’t sure. Clothing renting is a hot new industry and businessmen are trying to attract shoppers who care about the environment. Last summer alone,Urban Outfitters, Macy’s, Bloomingdale’s American EagleandBanana Republicall announced renting services – a sure sign of changing times.But is renting fashion actually more environmentally-friendly than buying it? And if so, how much more? Journalist and author Elizabeth Cline researched this question in a feature article for Elle, and she concluded that it’s not as sustainable as it seems.Take shipping for example, which has to go two ways if an item is rented – receiving and returning. Cline writes that consumer transportation has the second largest carbon footprint of our collective fashion habit after manufacturing.Then there’s the burden of washing, which has to happen for every item when it’s returned, regardless of whether or not it was worn. For most renting services, this usually means dry-cleaning, which is a polluting process. All the renting services that Cline looked into have replaced perchloroethylene, a carcinogenic (致癌的) air pollutants that’s still used by 70 percent of US dry cleaners, with hydrocarbon (碳氢化合物) alternatives, although these aren’t great either. They can produce harmful waste and air pollution if not handled correctly.Lastly, Cline fears that renting services will increase our appetite for fast fashion, simply because it’s so easily accessible. There’s something called “share-washing” that makes people have more wasteful behaviors because a product or service is shared and thus is considered more eco-friendly. Uber is one example of this: advertised as a way to share rides and reduce car ownership, and yet it has been proven to discourage walking, bicycling and public transportation use.Renting clothes is still preferable to buying them cheap and throwing them into the bin after wearing them a few times, but we shouldn’t let the availability of these services make us self-satisfied. There’s an even better step – and that’s wearing what we already have.12. What do we know about Elizabeth Cline from the passage?A. She is trying to attract shoppers.B. She is an expert and journalist.C. She has created “share-washing”.D. She never rents clothes.13. Why does renting services increase people’s appetite for fast fashion?A. Because it is handled correctly.B. Because it is transported easily.C. Because it is fairly eco-friendly.D. Because it is easily accessible.14. What can we infer from the passage?A. Clothing renting became popular ten years ago.B. Consumer transportation has the largest carbon footprint.C. Renting clothes deserves further consideration.D. Uber is a good example of sharing rides.15. Which section of a newspaper does the text probably come from?A. Environment.B. Technology.C. Travel.D. Medicine.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

甘肃省兰州市第一中学2020届高三英语9月月考试题（含解析）第一部分：阅读理解（共两节, 满分40分）第一节（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

AAre you interested in movie musicals? Here are some best movie musicals you need to watch.Singin’ in the Rain (1952)Debbie Reynolds (the heroine) is ultra-charming in this time-honored classic musical about the coming of the talking pictures in movie history. She plays a winning showgirl with a golden singing voice designed for Hollywood stars. You can also see how Gene Kelly (the hero) made a hit in the timeless “Singin’in the Rain”. The Sound of Music (1965)It hit the big screen in 1965 and became an early blockbuster. It’s one of those movies that everybody watches again and again. Whether you’re singing along to ''Do-Re-Mi” or ''My Favorite Things”, you’ll still think of the cute Von Trapp children and the beautiful Austrian setting. Christopher Plummer (the hero) is wonderful as the serious captain melts into gentleness when singing “Edelweiss”. And Julie Andrews (the heroine) shows her addictive voice in such songs as “I Have Confidence”.Chicago (2002)Renee Zellweger and Catherine Zeta-Jones sing and dance as criminals in this musical about fame, envy, and murderous lo ve. Famous songs include “Cell Block Tango”, where female criminals sing about how they ended up in jail. It won Best Picture, Best Actress in a supporting role, Best Art Direction-Set Decoration, Best Costume Design, Best Film Editing, and Best Sound in Oscar 2003.La La Land (2016)Struggling actress Mia (Emma Stone) and ambitious jazz pianist Sebastian (Ryan Gosling) begin a romance as they both follow their heart in the path of their dreamsin Los Angeles. It won Best Performance by an Actress in a leading role Best Achievement in Directing, Best Achievement in Cinematography, Best Achievement in Music Written for Motion Pictures, and Best Achievement in Production Design in Oscar 2017.1. Which movie musical marks a change in the movie history?A. Singin’ in the Rain.B. La La Land.C. ChicagoD. The Sound of Music.2. In which song will you feel gentleness from a serious man?A. “Do-Re-Mi”.B. “Edelweiss”.C. “Singin’in the Rain”.D. “Cell Block Tango”.3. If you are interested in Jazz music, whose role will be your favorite?A. Catherine Zeta-Jones’.B. Renee Zellweger’s.C. Ryan Gosling’s.D. Christopher Plummer’s.【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C【解析】这是一篇说明文。

甘肃省兰州第一中学2023-2024学年普通高中合格性考试模拟试卷英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、单项选择1．Steve lives in______European country, and he teaches in_______ university there.A．an; a B．an; the C．a; a D．a; an2．If our parents do everything for us children, we won’t learn to depend on___________ A．themselves B．them C．us D．ourselvesA．couldn’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．wouldn’tA．about; at B．about; after C．of; after D．in; atA．lonely B．alone C．alive D．lively6．It is very important for us ________ English well.A．learn B．learning C．to learn D．learnedA．went B．going C．go D．goesA．that B．which C．who D．whom二、其他A．Hardly we had reached B．Hardly had we reachedC．We had hardly reached D．We had reached hardly三、单项选择10．—— Cooking helps us show love for family members.—— . Every time I make dishes for Mum, she is very happy.A．I can’t believe it B．Take it easyC．I couldn’t agree more D．That depends四、阅读理解A．Fairview Hotel B．First HotelC．Orchard Hotel D．Osaka HotelA．$ 12 / First Hotel B．$ 15 / Osaka Hotel C．$ 12 / Fairview Hotel D．$25 / Orchard Hotelto.A．233 Edward Road B．1264 Venning RoadC．222 Edward Road D．129 North RoadWhy Do Mockingbirds Copy?Mockingbirds live in North and South America. They are good copycats. They imitate other birds. But they can also imitate other animals. They can even make sounds like a piano or car alarm. Mockingbirds learn to sing many songs. Some learn more than 200 different songs. They can often trick people! But mockingbirds can’t trick other birds. If they can’t trick other birds, why do they copy sounds? They do it to attract and avoid other birds!Males are loud singers, and they sing many songs. They always sing when they want to meet females. A male bird can sing most of the day and night. The singing attracts females. But it also keeps away other males. The longer a mockingbird lives, the more songs it knows. To show this characteristic, the male mockingbird sings all the songs it knows. A female mockingbird is attracted to a male who has lived a long time.Mockingbirds usually sing short songs. They sing each sound several times. Then they move to the next sound. Female mockingbirds sing softly and less often than males. They usually sing at their nests in the winter to keep away other birds. When another bird comes near, the mockingbird makes a loud noise to frighten it. It’s amazing that the mockingbird can copy so many songs of other birds. Some songs are not easy to learn. The mockingbird must listen well to imitate the sounds. But a mockingbird also has good eyes and a good memory. When a person comes near its nest, the mockingbird remembers that person. It knows that person’s face after many years!14．Mockingbirds are special because they can .A．create songs B．copy soundsC．remember other birds D．understand human’s wordsA．size B．eyesight C．memory D．voice 16．What is the purpose of this passage?A．To recommend a course on birdlife.B．To call on people to protect birds.C．To give advice on feeding birds.D．To introduce an interesting bird.How to survive in the jungleWhen you’re in the jungle (丛林), you need to leave all your mobile phone, yourfavorite coffee and your chocolate bars at home. When you’re in the jungle, you need only four things—water, food, shelter, and fire. You can find all of these easily, but you must know what to look for.Let’s start with water. Even though there’s a lot of water in the jungle, you may not find it Insects can also be a good sign, because they usually build their nests near water. However, don’t only look for rivers. You can also find water in some plants such as roots and palm trees.You can usually find a lot of food in the jungle, but you must be happy to eat things you wouldn’t normally want to, for example, insects. However, you need to know the difference between those you can eat and those that are poisonous, so start reading about them now!For cooking and for warmth, collect dry firewood, leaves, and grass. Then make fire using dry sticks-take a box of matches or a lighter with you!The type of shelter you need depends on the weather and the kind of animals in the jungle. Some insects can be very dangerous, so protect yourself against bites .If you don’t have any insect repellent (驱虫剂), try putting mud on your skin.Of course, if you’re lost in the jungle and want to get home again, the sun and stars can help you find your way.17．If you adventure in the jungle, you should bring ________.A．chocolate bars B．coffeeC．a mobile phone D．a box of matches18．According to Paragraph 2, people go after insects and birds for ________.A．food B．fireC．water D．shelter19．Which of the following is the writer’s advice?A．Learning about what food is safe.B．Protecting the skin from sunlight.C．Predicting the weather by the sun and stars.D．Collecting leaves to build a place to live in.20．Where is the passage most probably from?A．A business newspaper.B．A health guide.C．A travel magazine.D．A science journal.五、完形填空Joe and Della were a new couple. They were both interested in art--one in painting, the other in music. They lived in a small flat. They loved each other and they were happy.But one day they found that they had spent all their money. One afternoon Della told Joe that she had found a 21 and was to give her three music lessons a week. For that she could get fifteen dollars a week. But Joe was not 22 because he didn’t want to stay at home, playing with his art while Della was at work. He wanted to earn some money too.Every day they parted in the morning and 23 in the evening.A week 24 , Della brought home fifteen dollars, but she looked a little25 . Joe took eighteen dollars out of his pocket. They were both 26 to have so much money at hand.The next week, Joe 27 home another eighteen dollars but Della came home with her right hand in a bandage (绷带). Joe asked Della what was the 28 . Della said, “It was because of an iron-- I mean a plate of soup spilled on my 29 .”“What do you do every day, Della? Do you 30 give music lessons?” Joe asked. “Tell me the 31 !”Della cried. She told Joe that she was working in a laundry (洗衣店), 32 shirts. A girl accidentally 33 an iron on her hand and she got a 34 burn. But Della asked Joe how he had guessed that she wasn’t giving music lessons.Joe told Della that he worked in the engine-room of the same laundry where she worked. They both let out their 35 and laughed.21．A．pupil B．teacher C．painter D．director 22．A．worried B．busy C．glad D．surprising 23．A．studied B．met C．worked D．talked 24．A．killed B．spent C．wasted D．passed 25．A．tired B．excited C．fatter D．stranger 26．A．puzzled B．disappointed C．anxious D．happy 27．A．borrowed B．brought C．applied D．stored 28．A．result B．job C．matter D．bandage 29．A．foot B．face C．arm D．hand 30．A．really B．often C．seldom D．finally31．A．reason B．cause C．truth D．incident 32．A．making B．repairing C．ironing D．selling 33．A．picked up B．set down C．poured out D．filled with 34．A．slight B．bad C．soft D．hard 35．A．secrets B．lessons C．ideas D．opinions六、用单词的适当形式完成短文七、邀请信46．根据题目所提出的具体要求，在答题卡上写出一篇连贯完整的短文。

2020届甘肃省兰州第一中学高三英语期末考试试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIt looks like 2017 is shaping up to be a record-breaking year in movie History. Here is a list of some of the year’s biggest blockbusters so far.Kong: Skull IslandA reboot (重启) of King Kong would normally get laughed at in this day and age, but it looks like this modem version of the story will be worth watching. With US actress Brie Larson and UK actor Tom Hiddleston in the mix, this film is set to be this year’s biggest monster tale.Release Date:3/10/17Beauty and the BeastDirector Bill Condon is bringing back a part of our childhood in live action, complete with the songs we all remember and love. With British stars Emma Watson and Dan Stevens leading thecast, the classic Walt Disney story already sounds like it’ll be a delight for both children and adults.Release Date:3/17/17The Fate of the FuriousThere was doubt that we’d even get a Fast 8, especially after the fitting ending US actor Paul Walker’s character was given at the end of Furious 7. Fans thought they’d never see Dom and the rest of the crew back in action, but thankfully, US star Vin Diesel himself confirmed that The Fate of the Furious is fueling up for another go.Release Date:4/14/17Spider-Man: HomecomingSpider Man is heading home to Marvel Studios for the first time. The movie will show us Peter Parker’s high school days, and will continue the threads we saw formed during his initial appearance in Captain America: Civil War. We know that Michael Keaton is playing The Vulture in this story, and that both Happy Hogan and Tony Stark, played by US actors Jon Favreau and Robert Downey Jr., are along for the ride.Release Date:7/7/171.Which of the following movies can’t you see on May Day?A.Kong: Skull Island.B.Beauty and the Beast.C.The Fate of the Furious.D.Spider-Man: Homecoming.2.What can we know about Beauty and the Beast?A.It is fueling up for another go.B.It is produced by Marvel StudiosC.It’ll show us Peter Parker’s school days.D.It’ll be enjoyable for both children and adults.3.What does the underlined word “cast” probably mean?A.Characters.B.Actors.C.Directors.D.Teachers.BI don’t want to talk about being a woman scientistagain. There was a time in my life when people asked constantly for stories about what it’s like to work in a field dominated (controlled) by men. I was never very good at telling those stories because truthfully I never found them interesting. What I do find interesting is the origin of the universe, the shape of space, time and the nature of black holes.At 19, when I began studying astrophysics (天体物理学), it did not bother me in the least to be the only woman in the classroom. But while earning my Ph.D. at MIT and then as a post-doctor doing space research, the issue started to bother me. My every achievement — jobs, research papers, awards — was viewed through the lens (镜片) of gender (性别) politics. So were my failures. Sometimes, when I was pushed into an argument on left brain versus (相对于) right brain, or nature versus nurture (培育), I would instantly fight fiercely on my behalf and all womankind.Then one day a few years ago, out of my mouth came a sentence that would eventually become my reply to any and all provocations (挑衅): I don’t talk about that anymore. It took me 10 years to get back the confidence I had at 19 and to realize that I didn’t want to deal with gender issues. Why should curing sexism be yet another terrible burden on every female scientist? After all, I don’t study sociology or political theory.Today I research and teach at Barnard, a women’s college in New York City. Recently, someone asked me how many of the 45 students in my class were women. You cannot imagine my satisfaction at being able to answer, 45.I know some of my students worry how they will manage their scientific research and a desire for children. And I don’t dismiss those concerns. Still, I don’t tell them “war” stories. Instead, I have given them this: the visual of their physics professor heavily pregnant doing physics experiments. And in turn they have given me the image of45 women driven by a love of science. And that’s a sight worth talking about.4. Why doesn’t the author want to talk about being a woman scientist again?A. She is fed up with the issue of gender discrimination (歧视).B. She feels unhappy working in male-dominated fields.C. She is not good at telling stories of the kind.D. She finds space research more important.5. From Paragraph 2, we can infer that people would attribute (把……归因于) the author’s failures to ________.A. the burden she bears in a male-dominated societyB. her involvement in gender politicsC. her over-confidence as a female astrophysicistD. the very fact that she is a woman6. What did the author constantly fight against while doing her Ph.D. and post-doctoral research?A. Lack of confidence in succeeding in space science.B. Unfair accusations from both inside and outside her circle.C. People’s fixed attitude toward female scientists.D. Widespread misconceptions about nature and nurtured.7. What does the image the author presents to her students suggest?A. Women students needn’t have the concerns of her generation.B. Women can balance a career in science and having a family.C. Women have more barriers on their way to academic success.D. Women now have fewer problems pursuing a science career.CA dog spentthe lastfour years of his life waitingat a crossroad in the Thai city ofKhon Kaenas if waiting for someone. People originally thought the dog had been abandoned, but then realized that he looked healthy, so people asked around about him. It turned out that the dog had indeed been spending most of his time around that crossroad, but a woman had been coming round regularly to bring him food and water.One day, while photographing the dog everyone called Leo, a reporter met the woman who had been taking care of him. She had come to drop off some food. After learning the story about the dog and the woman, the reporter decided to share the story on social media. The post soonwent viraland the photos of Leo got shared hundreds of times. And the photos reached the eyes of Leo’s former old owner.Nang Noi Sittisarn, a 64-year-old woman fromThailand’sRoiEtProvince, almost had a heart attack when her daughter showed her a photo of the beloved dog named BonBon she had lost during a car trip. When she learned that he had been waiting for her in the same spot for the last four years，her heart melted(融化).Auntie Noi told her daughter to drive her to where the dog was waiting. When she got there and called his name. BonBon，the poor dog started wiggling(扭动)his tailand came to her，but when she tried to take him home with her, he was unwilling to follow. She didn’ t want to force the dog to come with her so she agreed to leave him with his new master. However, she and her daughter will come to visit him regularly.8.Why did the dog look healthy after separation from his former owner?A. He walked around the crossroad constantly.B. He was kept at a woman’s home all the time.C. A local reporter brought him food and water.D. A woman looked after him on a regular basis.9. What does the underlined phrase “went viral” in paragraph 2 probably mean?A. Changed surprisingly.B. Spread quickly.C. Appeared gradually.D. Fell directly.10. How did Nang Noi Sittisam feel about the dog's waiting for her?A. Shocked.B. Regretful.C. Touched.D. Proud.11. What can we mainly learn from the story about the dog?A. Unbelievable success is worth waiting for.B. We should adjust ourselves to environments.C. We need to learn to be faithful and thankful.D. No one knows the result until the last minuteDJoshua Nelson, 18, fromMissouri, is graduating fromSt. CharlesWestHigh Schoolthis week and will be attendingSoutheastMissouriStatein the fall. He had saved upmoney to pay for his tuition, but when he received the college's President's Scholarship, he decided to take his savings and donate it to other students in need.“It comes from my family education and faith," Nelson said. "I've always lived by strong principles as far as being a cheerful giver andhaving an open handwhen it comes to giving back so I feel like that really motivated me.”SEMO's President's Scholarship is the school’s most celebrated, and is only awarded to five top studentsannually. Nelsonsaid he sat down and outlined how a scholarship could work to help future students who need financial assistance for college. Originally the plan was to give away $ 1,000 the one time, but then he met up with his counselor (顾问), Yolanda Curry, to work outa game plan.“I wasn't expecting it at all!” Curry said. "He told me he had a great idea and wanted to share it with me. I could tell he was really excited.Nelson, in association with his high school, set up the Joshua Nelson Leaders In Action Scholarship fund. Each year, $1,000 will be awarded to a senior. The money will come from donations, of which there have been $16,000 so far — for a total of $17,435 at last count, according to the school. With the money already in the fund, there's enough to give out a scholarship each year for over a decade. The first scholarship was awarded on June 1 to Darrell Montalvo-Luna. As the first recipient, his scholarship was $2,000.“Joshua has the heart of a servant leader. He leads by example and he's genuinely excited when good things happen for other people," Curry said. "He's an encouragement — he's good at building others up and does what he can to help encourage and motivate those around.12. What did Nelson's initial donation come from?A. His scholarship.B. His savings.C. His pocket money.D. His wages.13. What does the underlined phrase "having an open hand" in paragraph 2 mean?A. Ambitious.B. Courageous.C. Generous.D. Cautious.14. How did Curry feel when hearing Nelson's idea?A. Shocked.B. Confused.C. Excited.D. Delighted.15. What can be inferred about the Joshua Nelson Leaders In Action Scholarship fund?A. It never supports high school students.B. It was set up more than ten years ago.C. It was founded by Nelson and Curry.D. It is going very smoothly.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020年甘肃省兰州第一中学高三英语期末考试试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AMy Biggest ChallengeAs a writer on an adventure sports magazine, I’dalways fought shy of doing the adventurous stuff myself, preferring instead to observe the experts from a safe distance and relay their experiences to readers in the form of written language. Thus, when I was challenged to take part in a mountain climb in aid of raising money for charity-and to write about it afterwards-I was unwilling, to say the least.I was lucky enough to have a brilliant climbing coach called Keith, who put me through my paces after my daily work. He gave me knowledge about everything from the importance of building muscle groups to how to avoid tiredness through nutrition. It quickly became apparent that the mechanics of climbing were more complex than I had imagined. There was the equipment and techniques I’d never even heard of, all of which would come in handy on the snow-capped peak I’d be climbing.Aware of the challenge, Keith made a detailed action plan and I forced myself to stick to it, doing a daily workout at the gym and going on hikes with a heavy pack. I perfected my technique on the climbing wall and even went to climb the mountains to get vital experience. My self-belief increased alongside my muscle power and I became confident about finishing the climb.All too soon I was on a plane to my destination. On that day, when I looked up at the mountain, I thought of abandoning it. But then I remembered all the hard work I’d done and how disappointed Keith would be if I gave up at the last minute-not to mention letting down the charity and the sense of failure I’d experience myself. With a deep breath I gathered my equipment and headed out into the sunshine to meet the rest of the group.And as I sit here now, tapping away on my laptop, I’m amazed at the details in which I can recall every second of the climb: the burning muscles, the tiredness, the minor problems along the way. Could I have been better prepared? Possibly. Would I be back for another go? Thankfully not. The feeling of being excited when I stood on top of the world is a never-to-be-repeated experience but one I will enjoy forever nevertheless.1. At the beginning of the activity, the author revealed his ______.A. disappointment in the coming adventure.B. expectation of writing about his experience.C. lack of enthusiasm for the challenge he’d been offered.D. curiosity about taking part in the mountain climb for charity.2. What did the author realise during his climb training?A. The knowledge about climbing was really confusing.B. The equipment was the key factor to reach the peak.C. Climbing was much more complicated than expected.D. Hard training was far more important than making plans.3. How did the author feel after he succeeded in climbing the mountain?A. He was relieved that he wouldn’t have to do it again.B. He was well satisfied that he had done his best for it.C. He was surprised that he had managed to complete it.D.He was regretful that it wasn’t as smooth as imagined.BIt all happened one afternoon in Carl's backyard a few years ago. We had just finished playing stickball, and I was about to go home.“Wait a minute,” Carl yelled. He ran into his house and cameback with a book for me to take home and read. All he said was, “See if you like it.”I said ly nothing. I kept the book for a couple of weeks and then returned it unread. Carl never asked me if I liked it or not. During the following two years Carl lent me three more books. Each time I returned them unread.A few days after graduating from high school, Carl asked, “Benny, which college are you going to?”“I'm not going to college.” I said.“Why not?” he asked.“Because my father can't afford the tuition (学费).” I answered.“Is that it?” Carl asked. “Yes,” I said.I lied. I had no intention of going back to school now that I was out. The following day, Carl knocked on my door and handed me a check for seventy-five dollars from his father along with the bookMartin Eden.“I think that should do it.” he said.Once again I was in shock. I was working full-time in my brother's bakery. I attended two classes atWayneUniversitypart-time at night. Halfway through the semester, after receiving failing grades on exams and essays, I decided there was no way I would ever become a good student and get satisfactory grades. I dropped outof college.One day, curious, I picked up the book, thinking Carl was trying to tell me something. Despite difficulty, I pressed on. By the time I finished the book, I understood why: the main character, Martin Eden, had my own poor educational background, but managed to educate himself and become a published author.4. What do we know about the author?A. He often told lies.B. He quit school unwillingly.C. He had thought little of education before.D. He became a published author.5. What kind of person is Carl?A. Caring.B. Emotional.C. Stubborn.D. Cautious.6. What message does Carl want to convey?A. Reading makes a rich man.B. Reading is the journey of the soul.C. Reading makes a person better known.D.Readingopens up new opportunities.7. What is the best title for the text?A. A strong desire for collegeB. A wish for better educationC. A wise friendD. A wise bookCWhat do you think of 80s pop music? Do the names George Michael, Madonna and Michael Jackson sound familiar? Well, these are just some of the names that were well-known in the music scene of the 80s and early 90s. The 80s pop musicscene was an important step to the popularity (普及) of present-day music. A new wave in the music scene was introduced, which made such music styles as punk rock, rap music and the MTV popular. Although it was an end to the old 60s and 70s styles, it was also the beginning of something big. The popularity of music videos meant that artists now replaced their guitar-based music with visual displays. A new wave of artists came on the scene and the entire industry developed quickly.The most famous 80s pop music video is Michael Jackson’s Thriller. Introduced in 1982, few people can forget the video not only because of its never-be-foreseen images, but also because of the popularity it received. Thinkof how 80s pop music changed the lives of people who grew up in the 80s. Ask a young man today to tell you the names of the “New Kids on the Block” and he will start talking about the neighbor kids who just moved in. These are not the answers you might have heard in the 80s. Though today’s young men do not recognize how cool 80s pop music was, most people will always remember it for what it was and these are happy memories they will always love.Some of the 80s pop music legends (传奇人物) include Madonna, U2, AeroSmith and of course the King of Pop Michael Jackson. Let’s not forget Prince, Tina Turner, Phil Collins and Motown’s Lionel Ritchie. Some of these musicians played music that has stood the test of time. Undoubtedly, the 80s pop music scene will live on for many more years to come.8. What is the text mainly about?A. The characters of 80s pop music.B. What made 80s pop music popular.C. 80s pop music’s steps to popularity.D. The effects of 80s pop music.9. 80s pop music mainly includes the following styles EXCEPT ________.A. guitar-based musicB. the MTVC. rap musicD. punk rock10. Michael Jackson’s Thriller impressed people so deeply mainly because ________.A. it changed the lives of peopleB. he sang it in a special styleC. it was made into a music videoD. it left people with happy memories11. The purpose of the last paragraph is to tell readers that ________.A. 80s pop music is and will remain popularB. 80s pop music has many faultsC. 80s pop music is now out of dateD. we shouldn’t forget the great musicians of the 80sDI got my first bike when I was nine years old. Jimmy, the bike, was my first love. I rode it everywhere. The suburb, the back lanes, the fields and forests, the river paths and swampland were far more exciting than any adventure novel or television series.There’s nothing quite like the relationship between a child and his bicycle and the endless happiness two wheels and a pair of strong legs offer. No video or computer game can replace the liberation of being alone on a bicycle.As parents, to deny children the simple pleasure of riding a bike is a failure of our responsibilities to raise independent and stable young citizens. We should offer our children a healthy alternative to hours in front of an addictive screen. Studies have shown that cycling promotes not only muscle growth but brain growth. Guesswhich country has children with the best mental health outcomes and is regularly the top of listings of the happiest young people. No surprise it’s theNetherlands, the unquestioned leader among industrial countries in encouraging bicycle use.Our dependence on cars has degraded the public transport system, polluted our sky, led to the untimely death of thousands every year, and denied children safe access to their suburbs. A recent study found that 69% of children were accompanied to school. The same study found that a similar number of parents drove to work.In some regions ofJapan, when children start their first year of school, parents are expected to walk with them for the first few weeks, introducing them to residents and shopkeepers along the chosen route, letting the community take care of these children. However, driving children to school isproscribed. Children can choose to ride a bike or walk to school after they are familiar with the community, and it’s the community’s role to keep them safe.Therefore, I strongly advise the government to provide better infrastructure (基础设施). Build separated cycle lanes, decrease speed limits, and design street scapes that favour people over cars. The results will be less pollution, quieter suburbs, a healthier population and, best of all, happy and independent children.12. What can we infer about the author from the text?A. He was addicted to computer games.B. He liked taking adventurous trips in nature.C. He had great fun exploring the outside by cycling.D.He got his first birthday present at the age of nine.13. Why does the author mention theNetherlandsin Paragraph 3?A. To introduce his good way of raising independent children.B. To illustrate the great influence riding has on mental health.C. To stress the importance of being physically and mentally healthy.D. To explain cycling does best in city development in theNetherlands.14. What does the underlined word “proscribed” in Paragraph 5 probably mean?A. Recommended.B. Protected.C. Delayed.D. Forbidden.15. How does the author mainly support his idea?A. By analyzing causes.B. By listing examples.C.By giving definitions.D. By analyzing scientific data.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

甘肃省兰州市2020届高考英语模拟试题（含答案）兰州一中2019—2020学年度高三年级模拟试题英语本卷满分为120分，考试时间100分钟。

第一部分阅读理解（共两小节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分20分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

ADark Sky Parks around the WorldWarrumbungle National ParkSituated in the central west slopes of New South Wales is Australia’s only dark sky park, Warrumbungle. The park has served as a dark sky park since July 2016. Its crystal-clear night skies and high altitude make it a natural, educational, and astronomical heritage site in the southern half of the earth. Tourists can use Australia’s largest optical telescope within the park boundaries to view the auroras，the Milky Way, and faint shooting stars.SarkSark is a Channel Island near the coast of Normandy under the protection of the UK. It was the World’s First Dark Sky Island set up in January 2011. Its historical and cultural blend attracts over 40,000 tourists annually. With no motor vehicles and public lighting on the island, there is an exceptional view of the dark skies. A rich Milky Way is visible in the dark night skies from the shores of the island.Pic du Midi de BigorrePic du Midi de Bigorre in France was designated as a dark skypark in December 2013 making it the second largest dark sky park in the world. The park covers 3.112 square kilometers spread across the Pyrenees National Park and UNESCO’s World Heritage site, Pyrenees-Mont Perdu. The park attracts over one hundred star watchers every year. The Observatory Midi-Pyre nees, which was built in 1870, is one of the world’s highest museumsat a height of 2,877 meters above sea level.Ramon Crater/Makhtesh RamonRamon Crater is a unique 1,100-square-kilometer nature reserve located in the Negev Desert in Israel. In 2017, the Ramon Crater became the first designated dark sky park in the Middle East. Its location, rough climate, and forbidding landscape that are characteristic of the Negev have largely defeated historical attempts for human settlement, making it a great place to view the night skies. Stargazers usually camp in the desert to have an uninterrupted view of the stars, planets, and the Milky Way.1. Which park serves as a heritage site for astronomy?A. Sark.B. Pic du Midi de Bigorre.C. Warrumbungle National Park.D. Ramon Crater/Makhtesh Ramon.2. What do we know about Sark from the passage?A. Not a single car runs there.B. It was an island belonging to Normandy.C. The Milky Way can only be seen there.D. Visitors like to stay on the island in groups.3. What makes it difficult for humans to live in Ramon Crater?A. High altitude.B. The large area.C. Geographical conditions.D. Cultural features.BJon Hoffman was sitting at a red light when he saw a man run out of a store carrying a plastic donation jar full of cash. The Plano, Texas, detective, dressed in plain clothes but wearing his badge (徽章) and gun, caught the man and pinned him to the hood of his car. But Hoffman had trouble containing the thief, and they got into a struggle.“The detective has a martial arts background, and he said he thought the suspect must have a martial arts background, too, because he was able to break away so easily,” a Plano police spokesperson said.The detective called out for help as a crowd gathered. Among those watching: Andre Harveyand Kirby Sample, two day laborers. Harvey did what has become common these days—he tookout his phone and hit record. “I hate to say it, but I thought that this policeman was doing something illegal,” Harvey said. “But when he asked for help, I thought, well, there won’t be a shooting if I get over there in time.” Harvey jumped into action—while hewas still recording the video—as did Sample.“Harvey caught hold of the suspect’s arms, while Kirby se ized his legs, and they wereable to get the suspect to the ground to help Detective Hoffman put the handcuffs (手铐) on,” said the police spokesperson. The 27-year-old suspect was charged with resisting arrest and other offenses. The charity jar he stole held less than $ 50.“I’ve been on the wrong side of the law several times in my life,” Harvey told WFAA.“It feels good to be on the right side and do something positive.”After the arrest, the three men got to know each other over steaks and ribs at a local steak house—Hoffman’s treat, as a thank-you. B ut the rescuers say Hoffman deserves credit too. “It could have turned real ugly.” Sample told the media “He handled himself likea real professional.”4. What made Hoffman call for help when arresting the suspect?A. He was not on duty.B. He needed witnesses to support him.C. He wanted to push the thief into the car.D. He couldn’t control the suspect.5. Why did Harvey and Kirby record the scene at the beginning?A. To follow the fashion.B. To keep track of the criminal.C. To record the detective’s violence.D. To avoid being involved in the incident.6. What can be inferred about Harvey?A. He was ready to violate the law.B. He might have had some illegal behaviour.C. He was out of work at that time.D. He had a good martial arts background.7. What is Harvey and Sample’s attitude towards Hoffman?A. Appreciative.B. Prejudiced.C. Skeptical.D. Cautious.CThere are many programs for high school students today that help lonely teenagers deal with loneliness. However, loneliness is not only a problem for teens but also an important and rarely acknowledged one in the elderly.In Britain, Tracey Crouch was appointed to be the first Minister of Loneliness in order to address the problems caused by loneliness. This is the first time such a position has been created.In Britain, there are around 9 million people who say they are lonely frequently. In Germany, a study conducted by Ruhr University Bochum found that 20 percent of people over the age of 85 felt lonely, and 14 percent of those between age 45 and 65 felt socially lonely. In the United States, more than 25 percent of the population live alone, more than 50 percent are unmarried.Loneliness is generally associated with heart disease, overweight, and anxiety. Additionally, the stress from loneliness can cause your cells to change on a molecular (分子) level that reduces its abilities to defend your body against diseases. In fact, doctors believe having feelings of loneliness is equivalent to smoking 15 cigarettes per day in regard to its effect on health!In Britain, the new Minister of Loneliness will help introduce government policies on the problem and fund a charity—an organization for helping people in need, to devote their efforts towards aiding loneliness. There are charities that link lonely seniors to high school students in order to give them a line of communication whenever they feel lonely!The possibilities for the new Minister of Loneliness areendless. For example, she can provide education services to household businesses so that they can identify lonely customers if they see one. Loneliness fits into the category of being a social problem that must be monitored by the entire community in order to help those in need. Therefore, government involvement in medical services and care for seniors and others is vital for happy seniors.8. How does the author develop Paragraph 3?A. By listing some statistics.B. By giving examples of lonely people．C. By pointing out similarities and differences.D. By comparing different cultures in different countries．9. What does the underlined word “equivalent” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A. Relevant．B. Opposite．C. Similar．D. Superior．10. What will the Minister of Loneliness do?A. Do housework for lonely people．B. Help fund charities to aid lonely people．C. Communicate with anxious school students．D. Develop friendships with the elderly．11. What is the main idea of the text?A. UK becomes the capital of loneliness．B. Loneliness affects old people’s life worldwide.C. Many teenagers suffer from loneliness．D. UK’s Minister of L oneliness settles loneliness.DIn this Pennsylvania city, Pittsburgh is shrinking but gettingwealthier. Since 2000, its population has declined by 95,000 while its income per capita (人均) has shot up 24 percent. The trend is taking hold in many other cities, like Buffalo in New York, Providence in Rhode Island and New Orleans.Some of these areas have created more high-paying jobs in energy, health care or education. Others have managed to reshape their producing industry for a new economy. Higher-paying jobs have a greater effect because they create demand for additional services. "The story in Pittsburgh is very positive, and other areas are looking at it as an example of the transformation that might be possible,” said Gu han Venkatu, who wrote an economic history of the area called “Rust and Renewal”for the Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland.Carnegie Mellon University and the University of Pittsburgh have helped bring tech jobsand innovation(革新) to the area by sponsoring tech centers that help graduates start companies without moving to Silicon Valley or San Francisco. This has helped keep Pittsburgh's educated young population growing even as the entire population in the cityhas dropped.Pittsburgh has more STEM (science, technology, engineering and math) jobs than other shrinking cities, about 80, 000 or 7% of all jobs. STEM jobs add productivity and incomegrowth to the area. Manufacturers of high-tech medical equipment in the Pittsburgh areaalso have doubled employment in the last 10 years.However, some experts question whether growing income per capita can really make upfor a declining population. According to Patrick Adler, aresearcher at the University of Toronto, population loss does matter if it means lower-skilled workers have fled because of a lack of opportunity. What's more, high-paying jobs in education and health care can disappear if the population declines too greatly. So it'd be wise to find ways to increase the population.12. In what aspect does Pittsburgh set a good example?A. Transforming old energy into new energy.B. Prohibiting the manufacturing.C. Creating more well-paid jobs.D. Sponsoring higher education.13. How do some academic institutions help with the local economy ?A. By helping to attract more talents from home and abroad.B. By providing much technical support to local companies.C. By hosting tech centers to allow local educated graduates to stay.D. By assisting in employing a large number of educated youths.14. Why is Patrick Adler mentioned in the last paragraph?A. To suggest increasing high-paying jobs.B. To raise doubts about growing income per capita.C. To tell a reason why lower-skilled workers flee.D. To show the disadvantageof a declining population.15. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Why Some Cities Are Losing People but Getting WealthierB. How Fast Job Growth Is Related to Population GrowthC. How Less-crowded Cities Plan Their High-tech EconomyD. Why Some Cities Are Suffering From a ShrinkingPopulation第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020届甘肃省兰州第一中学高三英语下学期期末试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AThank you. It’s my great honor to be given this award.You cannot imagine that I have always been a late starter. Years ago, when I was 16, I took an important exam — GCE(General Certificate of Education), which turned out to be a failure. My dad was reading my report card and saw that my position in class was 29th, but the number in class was 29. It meant that I had achieved the distinction of being bottom of my class.I wasn’t lazy, and I was really trying. You can picture how I felt. Dad put his hand on my shoulder and said, “You can only do the best you can, but whatever you decide to do, make sure you love it.” He was a really sweet guy and a great man. I knew his attempt to hide his disappointment with some of his encouraging words. I was depressed for a week, but his advice was a wake-up call.Fortunately I love working with my hands, and I was good at two things: woodwork and art, and I really loved to draw and paint. I was quite talented. Dad strongly encouraged me to go to art school, which in those days wasn’t the obvious place that a father would suggest.So I got into Hartlepool College of Art. The college was a revelation (出乎意料), the passionate teachers there, who were extremely interested in the students, not just tolerating them but actually engaging with them. It was a world apart from my schooling until then. It’s extraordinary what an enthusiastic teacher can do, drawing the student out, lighting independence, and encouraging a design of your own future, rather than waiting for something to happen. I’m honored to have become one of these passionate teachers years later.My teachers inspired me, and thanks to my dad, here I am tonight. I think I should mention all the talents I have worked with over time, and to my kids and my wife Giannina, thank you.Thank you for this great award. I shall find a very special place for it.1. How did the author feel after taking GCE?A. Happy.B. Upset.C. Tired.D. Relieved.2. What didHartlepoolCollege of Art impress the author most?A. The teachers were strict with students.B. The students set good examples for each other.C. The teachers inspired students’ passion for learning.D. The students got prepared for their lessons independently.3. The author gave this speech to ________.A. share his career choiceB. explain his teaching methodsC. describe his life experienceD. show his appreciationBPlease take a few seconds and think of your personal biggest goal. Imagine telling someone you meet today what you’re going to do. Imagine their congratulations and their high image of you. Doesn’t it feel good to say it out loud? Don’t you feel one step closer already? Well, bad news: you should have kept your mouth shut, because that good feeling will make you less likely to do it.Any time you have a goal, there is some work that needs to be done to achieve it. Ideally, you would not be satisfied until you’d actually done the work. But when you tell someone your goal and he acknowledges(认可) it, psychologists have found it’s called a “social reality”. The mind is kind of tricked into feeling that it’s already done. And then, because you’ve felt that satisfaction, you’re less motivated to do the actual hard work necessary. This goes againstthe traditional wisdom that we should tell our friends our goals, right?In 1982, Peter Gollwitzer, a Professor of Psychology, wrote a whole book about this. And in 2009, he did some new tests that were published. It goes like this: 163 people across four separate tests—everyone wrote down their personal goal. Then half of them announced their commitment(许诺) to this goal to the room, and half didn’t. Then everyone was given 45 minutes of work that would directly lead them towards their goal, but they were told that they could stop at any time. Now those who kept their mouths shut worked the entire 45 minutes on average, and when asked afterwards, said they felt they had a long way to go to achieve their goal. But those who had announced it quit after only 33 minutes on average, and when asked afterwards, said that they felt much closer to achieving their goal.4. What do the words “social reality” in Paragraph 2 mean?A. Completion of the goal.B. Necessary hard work.C. People's acknowledgement.D. A sense of satisfaction.5. What does Peter Gollwitzer try to tell us?A. Writing down the goal is very helpful.B. Achieving personal goal needs more time.C. Keeping the goal secret makes people work harder.D. Making the goal public makes people less satisfied.6. How did Peter Gollwitzer prove his idea about people’s goal?A. By giving figures.B. By giving examples.C. By making a survey.D. By making comparison tests.7. What will probably happen if you tell your friends your goal?A. You will be more confident.B. You will not gain satisfaction.C. You are less likely to realize it.D. You’ll be much moremotivated.CAs artificial intelligence(AI) systems become more advanced, we can expect them to be used more often in the world of human medicine and healthcare. AI is designed to imitate(模仿）the human brain in decision making and learning, so with the computing power to learn tasks in days or even hours, it is possible to create medical AIs that rapidly outperform doctors in certain tasks.Data plays a hugely important role in helping AI systems learn about human medicine. AI systems are trained on large data sets gathered from real-life cases. Providing detailed patient information in quantities is a crucial factor for their success.One of the most important areas for influencing global health is in the field of epidemiology(流行病学）。

甘肃省兰州市第一中学2020届高三9月月考英语试题一、完型填空 本大题共1道小题。

1.It was an unforgettable experience. We sat in a boat waiting for Ofai. He was swimming under water. There were many beautiful shells at the bottom. If he could ever find some and bring them ______21______, he would make a lot of money. It was a good and fast way to become rich. My uncle Harry was with us to take care of us. Suddenly I saw Ofai ______22______ his arms. Then I could see a large shark fish ____23____ under the water. All at once I was _____24_____ and held my breath.“A shark!” cried my uncle. An anxious expression suddenly ______25______ on his face. He was thinking of how to save Ofai. We ____26____ at my uncle and waited for him to take____27____.The fish came near. Now we could see him better. He was of a yellow-brown color and as big as our boat. What could we do to help Ofai? He had been under water for more than an hour. So by now he must be very _____28_____ and it was difficult for him to swim fast enough to _____29_____ the trouble. Thinking that Ofai’s life was at great risk, my uncle could ______30______ it no longer. Without ______31______ he took his knife and jumped into the water. Down he went after the man-eating fish. The shark was ______32______ straight for Ofai. Then, suddenly, the fish turned. My uncle’s strong arm had _____33_____ the knife deep into the side of the great fish. The water turned red as blood ran from the shark.Now Ofai had time to reach the top. At last he was safe in the boat. But the fish was _____34_____. He turned to _____35_____ the man who had hurt him. As he swam to my uncle, he opened his great mouth. Again the knife went forward. This time it cut deep into the shark’s nose.For a minute the shark lay _____36_____. Now Uncle was able to swim to the top. Ofai quickly pulled him into the boat. It wasn’t long before the shark came to _____37_____. He hit the boat with such a hard _____38_____ that the sides were almost pushed in. We rowed as hard as possible and finally we were safe on答案第2页，总21页the seashore.It was my uncle’s _____39_____ and ability that saved Ofai and all of us. We learned a lesson from this experience that courage _____40_____ everything in time of great danger. We will always keep this experience in mind. 21. A. down B. up C. in D. forward 22. A. wave B. rise C. hold D. extend 23. A. lying B. crawling C. moving D. jumping 24. A. annoyed B. excited C. astonished D. frightened 25. A. appeared B. existed C. reflected D. flashed 26. A. called B. stared C. laughed D. shouted 27. A. measure B. step C. action D. advice 28. A. tired B. excited C. disappointed D. satisfied 29. A. put up with B. break away from C. get along with D. get out of 30. A. make B. stand C. hold D. accept 31. A. difficulty B. permission C. delay D. preparation 32. A. waiting B. heading C. fighting D. looking 33. A. turned B. passed C. took D. sent 34. A. sad B. calm C. brave D. angry 35. A. see B. help C. attack D. protect 36. A. quiet B. frightened C. still D. discouraged 37. A. life B. notice C. mind D. an end 38. A. movement B. weight C. crash D. blow 39. A. courage B. kindness C. cleverness D. enthusiasm 40. A. matters B. meansC. suggestsD. predicts一、阅读理解 本大题共4道小题。

2020届甘肃省兰州第一中学高三英语期末考试试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AOvernight French ToastWhat You’ll Need•16-ounce loaf of French bread•5 eggs•1 1 /2 cups milk•1/2 cup half-and-half•1/3 cup maple syrup（枫糖浆）•1/2 teaspoon salt•foil（锡箔纸）•2 tablespoons melted butter（for topping）•2 tablespoons maple syrup（for topping）What to Do•With an adult’s help, cut the bread into 1-inch slices.•Place the eggs, milk, half-and-half, maple syrup, and salt into a large bowl. Stir（揽拌）the mixture until blended（混合均匀）.•Place the sliced bread into a baking dish. Pour the mixtureover the bread and press the slices into it. Cover the dish with foil and refrigerate overnight.•Remove the dish from the refrigerator at least one hour before baking. Ask an adult for help to preheat the oven to 375°F. Bake the French toast for 35 minutes or until golden brown.•For the topping, combine the melted butter and 2 tablespoons of maple syrup. Pour it over the French toast before serving.1.How much salt will you need to make a French toast?A.1/3 cup.B.1/2 teaspoon.C.2 tablespoons.D.16 ounces.2.How will you use foil?A.Place the sliced breadB.Cover the dish.C.Remove the dish.D.Eat the French toast.3.Who is the passage written for?A.Teachers.B.Parents.C.Cooks.D.Kids.BElizabeth Bishop is considered one of the best American poets of the 20th century. She was born in Worcester, Massachusetts in 1911. Her dad died when she was just a baby and her mom never recovered from the loss. She went to live with her grandparents in Nova Scotia, Canada when she was five. Eventually Bishop attended Vassar College, where she began to write poetry.At Vassar she discovered Marianne Moore's poetry and met Ms Moore and began their life-long friendship. She later met poet Robert Lowell. She wrote tons and tons of letters to both of them, which is good for us because we would otherwise know very little of her personal life.Bishop published her first book of poetry in 1946 and wrote until her death in 1979. She would spend years working on a single poem. Her poems are not the result of hasty scribbling (匆忙乱写) on paper while eating breakfast. She would look through drafts of poems again and again and improve them until they were as close to perfect as she could get them.Reading Elizabeth Bishop is like being transported to the very place, the very moment she's writing about. She leads us to a microscope so we can see every smallest part of the scene. It seems that she's always asking us to notice more, and more until the poem is so clear in our minds that it's almost painful—like a light that's too bright.4. What do we know about Bishop's early life?A. She was mainly brought up by her grandparents.B. She spent her childhood mainly in Worcester.C. She was always encouraged by her parents.D. She started to write poems at five.5. Why are Bishop's letters to Moore and Lowell important?A. They have a deep influence on other poets.B. They offer much information about her life.C. They help us study Moore and Lowell's poetry.D. They prove she had friendships with famous poets.6. What can we say about Bishop's poetic creation?A. She liked to write in the morning.B. She could write poems at high speed.C. She tried her best to achieve perfection.D. She published hundreds of books of poetry.7. Which word can be used to best describe the style of Bishop’s poems?A. Enthusiastic.B. Romantic.C. Humorous.D. Exact.CIn May this year, as part of our 150th anniversary, we asked readers aged between18 and 25 to enter an essay competition. The task was to tell us, in no more than 1,000 words, what scientific advance they would most like to see in their lifetimes, and why it mattered to them.The response was phenomenal: we received 661 entries. Some entrants hoped that science would make their lifetimes much longer than they can currently expect. Many looked forward to work that will end climate change. Others wanted to see advances in our understanding of human history, crop growth, space exploration, and medical technologies. The ideas were inspiring.The winner is a compelling essay by Yasmin Ali, a PhD student at the University of Nottingham, UK. Ali submitted a piece on Beethoven, her brother’s hearing loss and the science which she hoped would one day cure it. It stood out to the judges as a reminder of why many scientists do research: to make the world better tomorrow than it is today.All essays were judged by a group of Nature editors. The top ten submissions were then ranked by three members of a separate judging group: Magdalena Skipper, editor-in-chief of Nature; Faith Osier, a researcher; and Jess Wade, a physicist. All submissions were kept anonymous throughout the process.We also selected two runners-up(非冠军的获奖者).Physicist Robert Schittkoat Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts, proposes that nuclear fusion(核聚变) could offer a solution to the climate crisis, in a piece that effortlessly mixes grand ambition with gentle humour. And chemist Matthew Zajac at the University of Chicagoin Illinois wrote a powerful personal account of why he wants to see advances in the field of same-sex reproduction.The results show that today’s young scientists have a wealth of ideas, talent and conviction that research can transform their world. We look forward to seeing what they do next.8. What’s the essay competition about?A. The scientific expectation.B. The fantastic scientific ideas.C. The dreams of future life.D. The celebration of anniversary.9. Why Yasmin Ali was chosen the winner?A. She showed great talent in music.B. She found the cure for the loss of hearing.C. She appealed for people to care about hearing loss problem.D. She reminded people to remember the meaning of science development.10. What can we learn about the result of the essay competition?A. Robert Schittko won the second place.B. There were two winners in the essay competition.C. Matthew Zajac presented his view of same-sex reproduction.D. The two runners-up were selected for the same field they chose.11. What isthe author’s attitude to the competitors’ ideas about science expectations?A. Doubtful.B. Favorable.C. Impossible.D. Ignorant.DDid you know people who live in different parts ofChinahave different habits and preferences? For example, people from southernChinaprefer to eat vegetables, while people from northChinalike to eat meat. According to a new study in a journal, gene variations (变异) might be responsible for these differences. Researchers fromChina’s BGI collected genetic information from 141,431 Chinese women, who came from 31 provinces and consisted of 36 ethnic minority groups.They found that natural selection has played an important role in the ways that people living in different regions of China have developed, affecting their food preferences, immunities (免疫力) to illness and physical features.A variation of the gene FADS2 is more commonly found in northern people. It helps people metabolize (新陈代谢) fatty acids, which suggests a diet that is rich in flesh. This is due to climate differences.Northern Chinais at a higher latitude. This weather is difficult to grow vegetables in. Therefore, northerners tend to eat more meat.The study also found differences in the immune systems of both groups. Most people in southernChinacarry the gene CR1, which protects against malaria. Malaria was once quite common in southernChina. In order to survive, the genes of people in the south evolved to fight against this disease. However, people in the south are also more sensitive to certain illnesses, as they lack the genes to stop them.Genes can also cause physical differences between northerners and southerners. Most northerners have the ABCC11 gene, which causes dry earwax, less body smell and fewer sweats. These physical differences are also more beneficial to living in cold environments. Southerners are less likely to have this gene, as it did not develop in their population.12. What did the new study focus on?A. Regions.B. Eating habits.C. Gene variations.D. Ethnic minority groups.13. What is the main function of the gene FADS2?A. It helps store fat.B. It helps digest meat.C. It helps gain weight.D. It helps treat an illness.14. According to the study, most northerners ________.A. sweat less frequentlyB. are immune to malariaC. prefer vegetables to meatD. are more sensitive to climates15. How many differences did the study find related to genes?A. Two.B. Three.C. Four.D. Five.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020年甘肃省兰州第一中学高三英语一模试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ALocated besideLake Geneva, the Olympic Museum houses more than 10,000 artificial objects and hours of interactive contents highlighting some of the best moments during the Olympics. Here are some of the museum’s most moving moments.The Olympic ParkThe journey through the Olympic Museum begins in the Olympic Park, an 8,000-square-meter outdoor area in front of the museum overlooking Lake Geneva and theAlps. The park contains artwork and sculptures that show respect to the world of sport.The first Olympic symbolThe “Olympic Rings” flag was designed by Coubertin in 1913. The rings represent the five continents that participate in the Olympics: Africa, Asia,America,AustraliaandEurope. The six color1 s include at least one color1 that is represented on the flag of every country.The stadiumsThe stadiums that host the Olympic Games are as much of a celebration of design as the games are a celebration of sportsmanship. Guests can explore plans and models of Olympic stadiums’ past and present, including one of the games’ most attractive stadiums, the Bird’s Nest from Beijing 2008 Olympics.The Olympic medalsHave you ever wondered what an Olympic medal looks like? The Olympic Museum has a room that houses every bronze, silver, and gold medal from every Olympic Games dating back to the first modern Olympics of 1896. Each medal design is a unique representation of the year and location in which the games were held.1.Which moment do you see first when exploring the Olympic Museum?A.The Olympic Park.B.The first Olympic symbol.C.The stadiums.D.The Olympic medals.2.What do you know from The first Olympic symbol?A.The first modern Olympics took place inGreece.B.There are six color1 s on the flag of every country.C.Australia used to be the largest continent on earth.D.The “Olympic Rings” flag was created in 1913.3.What can you do in the section of The stadiums?A.Admire the view ofLake Geneva.B.Meet some famous designers.C.Enjoy the model of the Bird’s Nest.D.Talk with guests of honour.BBefore moving to Stokholm, I did my research on Sweden and was confident about my move. However, I quickly realized on my first day that so much of what I learnedwas so very wrong. There are many things that a Google search cannot show about Sweden.The first is fika. A fika is taking a break from whatever you are doing to enjoy a coffee with friends. Swedes value community highly so it makes sense that they would like to set aside time each day to reconnect with others. Fika is a great time to meet new people as well as catch up with friends.I grew up in the American South where everyone is very friendly. I found that little things like not being asked my life story at the coffee shop by the waiter upset me. However, Swedish people are not rude. Instead, they practice being logom, which means “just enough”.The winters can be very dark and cold, so the Swedish people do not take any sunny day for granted. Since the weather has been fine, I have found myself walking a lot around Stockholm. Often it is easiest to get from place to place by walking, which allows you to see so much of the city and enjoy the fresh air. Though it has been very tiring to get used to, it also has made me feel better about all of the kardemummabullar that I have been eating!I think it is important for students who want to study abroad to know that it is hard to move to countries no matter how “similar” you may think they may be. You have to jump in with both feet and be patient with yourself as well as others. As long as you keep an open mind and are willing to learn, you will have a great experience.4. What do we know about fika?A. It is a waste of time.B. It is a way to balance life and work.C. It is all about drinking coffee.D. It is a Swedish social tradition.5. What does the author think of Swedish people?A. They are friendly.B. They seem a bit cold.C. They appear really rude.D. They are interested in other's life.6. Why does the author like walking?A. It is fun and not very tiring.B. It is good exercise on cold days.C It allows her to enjoy sunny days. D. It gives her the chance to eat the local food.7. What's the author's advice for students going abroad?A. Be confident.B. Be careful.C. Be open- minded.D. Be hard- working.CAt the World Economic Forum last month, President Trump drew claps when he announced the United States would respond to the forum's proposal to plant one trillion(万亿) trees to fight climate change. The trillion-tree idea won wide attention last summer after a study published in the journal Science concluded thatplanting so many trees was “the most effective climate change solution to date”.If only it were true. But it isn't. Planting trees would slow down the planet's warming, but the only thing that will save us and future generations from paying a huge price in dollars, lives and damage to nature is rapid and considerable reductions in carbon release from fossil fuels, to net zero by 2050.Focusing on trees as the big solution to climate change is a dangerous diversion(偏离). Worse still, it takes attention away from those responsible for the carbon release that are pushing us toward disaster. For example, in the Netherlands, you can pay Shell an additional 1 euro cent for each liter of regular gasoline you put in your tank, to plant trees to balance the carbon release from your driving. That's clearly no more than disaster slightly delayed. The only way to stop this planet from overheating is through political, economic, technological and social solutions that end the use of fossil fuels.There is no way that planting trees, even across a global area the size of theUnited States, can absorb the huge amounts of fossil carbon released from industrial societies. Trees do take up carbon from the atmosphere as they grow. But this uptake merely replaces carbon lost when forests were cleared in the first place, usually long ago. Regrowing forests where they once grew can undo some damage done in the past, but even a trillion trees can't store enough carbon to head off dramatic climate changes this century.In a sharp counter argument to last summer's Paper in Science, Justin Gillis wrote in the same journal in October that the study's findings were inconsistent with the dynamics of the global carbon cycle. He warned that “the claimthat global tree restoration(复原) is our most effective climate solution is simply scientifically incorrect and dangerously misleading”.8. What do we know about the trillion-tree idea?A. It was published in a journal.B. It was proposed last summer.C. It was put forward by Trump.D. It drew lots of public attention.9. What is paragraph 3 mainly about?A. A drawback of the tree planting strategy.B. An example of balancing carbon release.C. An anecdote of making a purchase at Shell.D. A responsibility for politicians and economists.10. What was Justin Gillis's attitude towards global tree restoration?A. Indifferent.B. Opposed.C. Hesitant.D. Supportive.11. What is the best title for the text?A. Contradictory Ideas on Tree Planting.B. A Trillion Trees Come to the Rescue.C. Planting Trees Won't Save the World.D. The Best Solution to Climate Change.DWhen Alex Linwas 11 years old, he read an alarming article in the newspaper, which said that people were burying old computers in backyards, throwing TVs into streams, and dumping (丢弃) cell phones in the garbage. This was dangerous because e-waste contains harmful chemicals that can leak into the environment, getting into crops, animals, water supplies and people.Alex was really worried and decided to make it next project for WIN-the Westerly Innovations Network. Alex and six of his friends had formed this organization to help solve community problems two years before.But what could they do about this project with e-waste? The team spent several weeks gathering information about the harmful chemicals in e-waste and their effects on humans. They learned how to dispose(处置) of e-waste properly and how it could be recycled. Then, they sent out a Survey and found only one in eight know what e-waste was, let alone how to properly dispose of it.Alex and his friends went into action. They advertised in the local newspaper and distributed notices to students, asking residents to bring their unwanted electronics to the school parking lot. The drive lasted two days, and they collected over 9, 500 kilograms of e-waste. The next step was to set up a long-term e-waste drop-offcenter for the town. After some research, they’d learned that reusing is the best way to deal with electronic devices and it is seven times more efficient than recycling. So, they began learning to retrofit (翻新) computers themselves and distributed them to students who didn’t have their own. In this way, they could help students in the area and protect the environment at the same time.For a lasting solution to e-waste, the drop-off center wasn’t enough. Lawswould have to be passed. In 2016, WIN helped push for an e-waste bill in their town, which required companies that manufactured or sold electronics to take back e-waste. The bill clearly forbids the dumping of e-waste. Because of the work of WIN, more and more people, like Alex and his team, are getting the message about safe disposal of e-waste. As Alex says, “Today’s technology should not become tomorrow’s harmful garbage.”12. What was Alex’s worry after he read the article?A. The littering of e-waste.B. The recycling of plastic.C. The change of environment.D. At 11 p.m. on Monday.13. What did Alex do to start the project?A. Set up WIN.B. Collect information.C. Ask friends for help.D. The overuse of old computer.14. Which can best describe the way Alex and his team did their work?A. Traditional.B. Competitive.C. Scientific.D. Convenient.15. What message does the story convey?A. There is no end to perfection.B. success comes through failure.C. Every positive attitude has a reward.D. young people can make a big difference.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

高考英语模拟试卷题号I II III IV V VI总分得分一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）AHere are some professions Americans consider to be the most honest．Maybe the rest of us can learn from what these people do to establish good relationships with others．MEDICAL DOCTORSJack Jacoub Age：44，Fountain Valley，CaliforniaI try to introduce myself in a pleasant way．I sit down；I don't stand．I make good eye contact with the patient and his or her family．Communication skills are key，as well as showing understanding and availability．For a physician，the single most rewarding thing is when someone who has seen your work chooses you．ENGINEERSChrissy Keane Age：41，Crofton，MarylandI don't know that being an engineer means you are automatically trustworthy．However，I do think that most engineers like to follow rules and be organized．They tell you what they think，whether you want to hear it or not．Those are important elements in building trust．POLICE OFFICERSG．M．Cox Age：64，Fort Worth，TexasAs a police officer，I have the best interests of the people I serve in my heart and in my actions and I'm going to treat everyone the same way．I always want to go up to people and speak to them with respect．don't talk down to them．You have to establish and maintain that trust．Be equal!1.What does Jack Jacoub think important to do his job？______A. Being communicative．B. Experience．C. Self-introduction．D. Being open-minded．2.How does G M．Cox treat people in his job ______A. Strictly．B. Cautiously．C. EquallyD. Actively3.What do they have in common？______A. They are warmhearted．B. They deserve trust．C. They follow rules．D. They are good organizers．BThe secret to living longer could be as simple as picking up your walking pace，according to a new study．Researchers from the University of Sydney found that walking at a brisk（快的）or fast pace was associated with a risk reduction of 24 percent for any cause of death．This effect was even more obvious in older age group，with fast walkers over the age of 60 reducing their risk of death by a surprising 53 percent．Professor Emmanuel Stamatakis，who led the study，explained，"A fast pace is generally five to six kilometers per hour，but it really depends on a walker's fitness levels；an alternatives indicator is to walk at a pace that makes you slightly out of breath or sweaty．"In the study，the researchers looked at the results of 11 surveys from 1994 to 2008，in which participants recorded their walking pace，as well as age，sex and BMI．Theanalysis showed that walking at an average pace was associated with a 20 percent risk reduction for all-cause mortality（死亡率）compared with walking at a slow pace，while walking at a brisk or fast pace was associated with a risk reduction of 24 percent．The researchers hope the findings will encourage the development of public health message about the benefits of walking pace．Professor Stamatakis added，"These analyses suggest that increasing walking pace may be a straightforward way for people to improve heart health and risk for premature mortality--- providing a simple message for public health campaigns to promote．"Especially in situations when walking more isn't possible due to time pressures or a less walking-friendly environment，walking faster may be a good option to get the heart rate up--- one that most people can easily add to their lives．"4.Who benefit most from walking fast？______A. Cancer sufferers．B. The elderly．C. Those who have heart problems．D. Those who have high BMI．5.What decides how fast a person can walk according to Professor Stamatakis？______A. His/Her fitness levels．B. His/Her ages．C. His/Her will．D. His/Her BMI．6.Why can walking fast reduce death rate？______A. Most people like doing it．B. It benefits the heart．C. It reduces cancer mortality．D. Most people can do it easily．7.What is the main idea of the text？______A. Walking is easy exercise for people to do．B. Walking has received little attention until now．C. More and more people are walking fast for health．D. A fast walking pace can benefit people's health．CRide-hailing apps and robot cars promise to change how we get around and the effects are already being felt．Traffic in New York is slowing down．Jams are common in Manhattan，especially in its business districts．Daytime traffic in the busiest areas now moves almost 20% more slowly than it did five years ago．It seems a place ripe for wide use of ride-hailing apps that，you might think，would reduce some of the jams．However，those apps appear to be making things worse as traffic has slowed in line with the growing popularity of apps such as Uber and Lyft，a study by transport expert Bruce Schaller suggests．Over the four years of the study，the number of cars in Manhattan seeking ride-hailing fares increased by 81%．There are now about 68，000 ride-sharing drivers across New York．That's about five times the number of the yellow cabs licensed to operate there，he found．There are so many drivers，his work suggests，who spend about 45% of their spare time just touring for fares．That is a lot of unused cars blocking a lot of busy streets．Simple physics explains why ride-sharing vehicles are causing，not curing jams，said Jarrett Walker，a public transport policy expert who has advised hundreds of cities about moving people．"Lots of people are deciding that，'Oh，public transport is just too much trouble thismorning，' or whenever，which causes a shift from it，" he told the BBC．"That means moving people from larger vehicles into smaller ones，which means more vehicles to move the same people．Therefore，more traffic．"Data gathered about ride-sharing drivers illustrates how they contribute to congestion（塞车），said Prof．Christo Wilson，a computer scientist at Northeastern University who has studied the services．"You can look at the traffic pattern for the Uber vehicles and it perfectly matches the peaks for the rush hour and the peak time of a day，" he said．They are out there in force at the worst possible times．8.What can we know about the cabs in New York？______A. More cabs are needed to meet the demand．B. They often tour around the city seeking users．C. Their fares increased greatly over the four years．D. The number of them is far less than ride-sharing cars．9.What is Christo Wilson's attitude toward ride-sharing practice？______A. NeutralB. NegativeC. IndifferentD. Supportive10.Which of the following best replaces "it" underlined in Paragraph 5．______A. A jam．B. Public transportC. A car．D. A ride-sharing vehicle．11.What is the best title for the text？______A. Worse Road Jams．B. App Makes Terrible Jams．C. Efforts Needed for Traffic．D. Technology Counts in Future．DThroughout our daily lives，we have known plenty of people and will know more．But how can we tell if someone is trustworthy？In a paper published recently in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology，researcher gave us the answer．The researchers asked 401 adults from the United States to fill out a questionnaire measuring their guilt-proneness（内疚倾向）in different situations as well as several other qualities，and then play a short online game．In this game，Player 1 is given $1，which they can choose to give to Player 2．Any money given to Player 2 is then automatically increased to ﹩2.50．Player 2 can then decide whether to keep all of the money or behave in a trustworthy way by returning a portion of the money to Player 1．The researchers found more guilt-prone people were more likely to share the money with Player 1．Actually，in follow-up studies，guilt-proneness predicted trustworthiness better than other personality qualities the researchers measured．Why might guilt lead to trustworthy behavior？The researchers found people who wereguilt-prone also reported feeling an obligation to act in ethical（合乎道德的）and responsible ways while interacting（互动）with their partners in the game．People who are guilt-prone tend to avoid engaging in behavior that might harm or disappoint others．If they do something bad，guilt encourages them to try to make things right again．Then，how can we use this research to ascertain whether someone is trustworthy？"One way to do this might be observe how they respond to experience regret，" lead author Emma Levine，assistant professor at the University of Chicago Levine，explains．Another way is to ask them to describe a difficult dilemma they faced in the past，suggests co-author Taya Cohen，associate professor at Carnegie Mellon University．This is particularly effective，Cohen and her colleagues have found，because it allows us to see if they're concerned about the effects their actions have on others．12.What may make others feel that we are reliable according to the text？______A. Our good qualities to help them out．B. Our tendency to experience guilt．C. Our kind attitude towards them．D. Our team spirit in the game．13.What may connect guilt with trustworthy behavior？______A. A sense of responsibility．B. A feeling of disappointment．C. The way one interacts with others．D. The ability to tell right from wrong．14.What does the underlined word "ascertain" in the last paragraph mean？______A. AskB. ExpressC. DescribeD. Determine15.How is the text organized and developed？______A. By providing backgroundB. By making a lot of comparisons．C. By answering the raised questions．D. By analyzing effects of guilt-proneness．二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）Stress is a major problem in the modern world．(1) It is common among office workers．Managing it is necessary for people in order to create a work-life balance．So，how can you go about removing stress through the ancient art of gardening？Surround yourself with nature．Trees，birds and scent of the outdoors are great ways to help relax．(2) So，in order to remove stress through gardening，you need to grow lots of plants ．Make it comfortable．(3) After all，what's the point of making it beautiful if you can't sit or watch your flowers grow afterwards？A good-quality set of garden furniture is the only way to make sure your garden is as comfortable as possible in order to remove your stress．(4) To really appreciate garden space for what it is，you need to leave all of the stresses of modern life behind，which means keeping your phone indoors．Yes，it may be hard at first．But，after a while，it will begin to feel normal and even good．Sometimes not knowing what is happening in the outside world is the only way to enjoy the tranquility（宁静）of your garden．Invite family and friends．Do you want to get the best way to truly remove stress through your gardening efforts？Share it with your family and friends．A good barbecue as we move into the warmer months is the best port of call．(5) After a while，your garden space should become a relaxation and stress-free zone．A．Avoid using technology．B．In particular，it can be a killer if left untreated．C．To attract wildlife，set feeding tables in your garden．D．The peacefulness of nature acts as a natural way to reduce stress．E．Just make sure you don't invite anyone likely to cause an argument．F．It gives you good food，good company and a good chance to remove stress．G．Furniture is necessary for you to make the most of your comfortable garden．16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）There came a time in my life when my learning curve （曲线）became very steep．I learned so much in such a (21)time that I was reading two grades ahead of my (22)class．At school I was continuously (23)with lectures，because I had already done (24)．And (25)my knowledge increased，so did my arrogance（傲慢）．I started getting into(26)debates with my teachers．I knew more than them，and I was eager to show it at every(27)I got．That was until Mrs T (28)．She was new to our school，and a perfect (29)for me ．I tried one of my tricks on her in front of the whole class．She didn't scold me．She just (30)．At the end of the class，she (31)me aside and said the following words："I know that there is an unspoken (32)that a teacher is supposed to be more (33)than the student ．We both know that is (34)．I know for a fact that you know much more than me．And I won't insult you by pretending otherwise．But remember this．Knowledge is supposed to give you (35)，not pride．Today you are the smartest person in the room；tomorrow you won't be．There will always be someone much (36)，much more diligent than you．And when that happens，all the pride in the world wouldn't be enough to (37)you from downfall．Everything that you have learnt will be for nothing if you don't learn the (38)of humility．Today，I (39)remember her words．I (40)myself of them daily．21. A. free B. short C. good D. long22. A. regular B. traditional C. favourite D. modern23. A. excited B. content C. angry D. bored24. A. nothing B. everything C. either D. none25. A. before B. unless C. as D. although26. A. political B. amusing C. heated D. friendly27. A. opportunity B. permission C. right D. problem28. A. came back B. came across C. came about D. came along29. A. audience B. target C. guide D. market30. A. cried B. shouted C. smiled D. worried31. A. set B. pushed C. put D. called32. A. assumption B. attention C. attraction D. appreciation33. A. considerate B. important C. sensitive D. knowledgeable34. A. correct B. wrong C. basic D. reasonable35. A. power B. energy C. potential D. control36. A. warmer B. stronger C. smarter D. nicer37. A. guard B. save C. discourage D. ban38. A. failure B. experience C. lesson D. behavior39. A. still B. even C. also D. yet40. A. warn B. convince C. approve D. remind四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）41.The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge，the world's (1) （long）cross-sea bridge，enters the history of human engineering and connection as a point of pride upon (2) （it）opening to traffic at 9 am on Oct.24，2018．One day after the opening was announced at a ceremony (3) （hold）in Zhuhai ，the bridge's ports in three different administrative regions started serving travelersaround-the-clock ，opening 24 hours a day，seven days a week．(4) （ensure）faster boundary crossings for passengers，the Macao and Zhuhai ports jointly use a one-off immigration clearance model，(5) allows travelers to queue up only once to finish both exit and entry procedures of the two cities in about (6) （second）．Apart (7) private cars，taxis and goods vehicles，two types of public transportation-shuttle bus（班车）and cross-boundary coach --can also run on the HZMB．(8)frequency of shuttle buses is about 5-10minutes during peak hours．Booking tickets for the shuttle bus online in advance (9) （be）available since 9 am on Tuesday．With the bridge now in service，the traveling time between Zhuhai and Hong Kong International Airport will (10) （shorten）from four hours to 45 minutes，and the time between Zhuhai and Hong Kong's Container Terminals will be cut from 3．5 hours to 75 minutes ．五、短文改错（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）42.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文．文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处．错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改．增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（Λ），并在其下面写出该加的词．删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉．修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词．注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分．Last week，all of us were told prepare for an exhibition of our understanding of traditional Chinese culture． After knowing that， we had a heat discussion at the class meeting．Very soon， ideas like Peking Opera， Han Clothing，and Chinese Kung fu come to our minds． With the ideas gathering，we started to take the action． Some searched on the Internet for more details，when others set about draw pictures on the blackboard． Thanks to my hard work，our design finally won the head teacher's approval．We were not only proud about our teamwork but also deep impressed by the great tradit ional Chinese culture．六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）43.假定你是高三应届毕业生李华，打算毕业后到英国一所大学留学．请用英语致信这所大学询问相关情况，要点包括：1．简要介绍你的学习情况：2．询问入学要求和你关心的事项（包括英语要求，入学程序和奖学金）．注意： 1．词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯．答案和解析1.【答案】【小题1】A【小题2】C【小题3】B【解析】21-23 ACB21．A．考查细节理解．根据"Communication skills are key"可知，他认为交流很重要．故选A．22．C．考查细节理解．根据"I'm going to treat everyone the same way"可知， G M．Cox 认为工作中人人平等很重要．故选C．23．B．考查细节理解．根据"You have to establish and maintain that trust"以及"Those are important elements in building trust．"可知，他们都认为工作中，"信任"是一个很重要的因素．故选B．本文中几位员工讲述了他们所认为的工作中的重要的因素，他们都认为工作中，"信任"是一个很重要的因素．阅读理解考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．4.【答案】【小题1】B【小题2】A【小题3】B【小题4】D【解析】BABD1．B．细节理解题．由文章第二段中的"This effect was even more obvious in older age group （这个效果在年龄大点的群体中更加明显）"，可知，快走过程中老人最受益．故选B．2．A．细节理解题．由文章第二段中的"A fast pace is generally five to six kilometers per hour，but it really depends on a walker's fitness levels…"可知，快走一般是每小时5～6公里，但是它实际上取决于走路者的健康水平．故选A．3．B．细节理解题．由第四段中的"These analyses suggest that increasing walking pace may be a straightforward way for peopl e to improve heart health and risk for premature mortality…（这些分析表明，加快走路速度可能是人们改善心脏健康，降低早死风险的直接方式．）"可知，快走有利于心脏健康，继而降低死亡风险．故选B．4．D．主旨大意题．全文谈论的主题是快走能促进心脏健康，降低死亡风险．由谈论主题"walking fast"可以排除选项AB．文章没有提到现在人们对于快走的反应，故选项C 错．选项D（快走利于人们的健康．）与全文主旨相符合，故选D．这是一篇说明文．研究表明，快走能降低24%的死亡风险．具体走多快算快走要看每个人的健康水平，一般以稍微气喘吁吁或出汗为宜．快走是保护心脏健康和过早死亡的最简单直接的方式，科学家们希望研究结果能推动关于步行速度益处的公共卫生信息的发展．此题主要考查学生的细节理解和推理判断能力．做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确选择．在做推理判断题时不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．8.【答案】【小题1】D【小题2】B【小题3】B【小题4】B【解析】DBBB1．D．细节理解题．由文章第三段中的"That's about five times the number of the yellow cabs licensed to operate there， he found．"可知，现在共享车的数量是黄色出租车数量的五倍．也就是说出租车数量比共享汽车少得多．故选D．2．B．推理判断题．由问题中的"Christo Wilson"可将答案定位在第六段．由第六段首句"Data gathered about ride-sharing drivers illustrates how they contribute to congestion（塞车）"可知，Christo Wilson收集的共享汽车的数据反映出来的是共享汽车很大程度上导致了堵车．所以他对共享汽车持消极态度．A． Neutral中立的；B． Negative消极的；C． Indifferent漠不关心的；D． Supportive支持的．故选B．3．B．词义猜测题．句意：很多人在慢慢决定"今天早上公共交通太麻烦，或者什么时候公共交通都太麻烦，这就导致了从公共交通上的转移．""it"指代的是"public transport"，故选B．4．B．主旨大意题．本文主要讲述的内容就是打车软件没有解决交通拥堵，反而让交通拥堵更加严重．故选B．这是一篇说明文．打车软件和机器人车的目的是要改变我们的出行方式，它们的效果也的确被人们感觉到了：交通更慢了．三个原因导致了这个现象的发生：①共享车的数量越来越多，是出租车数量的五倍．②打车比公共交通方便，很多人选择打车．③共享车辆出来运行的时间与高峰期重合．此题主要考查学生的细节理解和推理判断能力．做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确选择．在做推理判断题时不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．12.【答案】【小题1】B【小题2】A【小题3】D【小题4】C【解析】BADC1．B．细节理解题．文章第四段首句提出问题"我们如何用这个研究结果确定某人是不是值得信赖呢？"，第四段第二句给出了答案之一就是观察他们经历后悔的事情时的反应是什么．所以放在我们身上，我们内疚时的反应就能让别人看出我们是不是可靠．故选B．2．A．细节理解题．文章第三段第二句话的意思是：研究发现，内疚倾向的人在和伙伴玩游戏时，感觉自己有义务采取合乎道德，有责任感的行为．也就是感到内疚，就会有责任感，有了责任感行为就值得信赖．故选A．3．D．词义猜测题．句意：我们如何用这项研究来确定那些人是可靠的呢？"ascertain"与首段首句中的"tell"以及本段最后一句中的"allow us to see"呼应，意为"确定"．A． Ask 问；B． Express表达；C． Describe描述；D． Determine 确定．故选D．4．C．篇章结构题．文章首段提出问题：我们如何确定一个人是否可靠？下文是通过研究发现内疚倾向的人行为更加可靠，又从心理学角度分析了为什么内疚倾向的人值得信赖．随后推荐给我们两种判断对方是否可靠的办法．最后一段的回答与首段中的问题呼应．故文章是通过问答方式编排的．故选C．这是一篇科学研究类说明文．生活中，我们会遇到各种各样的人，那如何确定一个人是不是值得信任呢？科学家做了一个实验，发现内疚倾向性格的人更值得信任．内疚性格能驱使人的行为更加合乎道德，具有责任感．所以看一个人后悔时的表现以及通过让他描述一个两难事件，就可以确定这个人是否可靠．此题主要考查学生的细节理解和推理判断能力．做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确选择．在做推理判断题时不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．16.【答案】【小题1】B【小题2】D【小题3】G【小题4】A【小题5】F【解析】1．B．段中空格题，属于细节题．前一句中提到了话题"stress"，选项B中的it可与其呼应，并且后句中的it与空格处it指代一致，体现了段落的连贯性．"In particular（尤其，特别）"是对上一句的进一步解释说明，选项B中的"a killer"是上句中的"problem"更具体的表现．语义上一致．故选B．2．D．段中空格题，属于细节句．本段首句是本段中心句，意为让大自然环绕着你．选项D中的"nature"与小标题中的"nature"前后呼应，且与上句中的"Trees，birds and scent of the outdoors"呼应．选项D中的"to reduce stress"与下句中的"in order to remove stress"意思相同．故选D．3．G．段中空格句，属于细节句．本段首句是本段中心句，意为让它舒服一些．选项G 中的"your comfortable garden"与本段中心一致．且选项G中的"Furniture is necessary"与本段最后一句中的"A good-quality set of garden furniture"前后呼应．故选G．4．A．段首句，属于主旨句．文章最后四段段首句都是小标题形式，且为祈使句，根据句式一致原则将答案预选为A．再由段内的"keeping your phone indoors"可与选项A"Avoid using technology．"内容呼应，确定答案．故选A．5．F．段中空格题，属于细节句．空格前一句话题是"A good barbecue"，选项F中的it 可与其呼应．同时选项F中的"a good chance to remove stress"与后句中的"a relaxation and stress-free zone"呼应．故选F．这是一篇应用文．现代生活中压力成为了一个大问题．人们处理好压力才能保持工作生活的平衡．本文给大家提出了一些如何通过园艺缓解压力的办法：种植绿色植物、添加舒适的家具、远离科技以及与邀请家人朋友共享花园．七选五题目主要考查学生综合的英语逻辑思维能力．一篇好的短文，不仅在内容上要前后一致，而且还要语篇结构清晰，上下文逻辑意义严谨．内容的前后一致体现在段内及语篇内话题的自然过渡．语篇结构主要体现为：文章是总分结构，还是按时间或空间顺序发展的，还是辩证三段论的编排的．逻辑意义的严谨最主要的可以通过代词、连词和副词等形式来体现．本文属于总分结构，首段提出问题，剩余四段给出四个简短的答案．虽然没有明显的列出小标题，但是后四段每段段首句相当于小标题，都是所在段落的中心思想．按照篇章结构，标题句句式一致原则，我们可以解本篇文章中的第四题．按照段落内内容一致原则，可以解第二题、第三题和第五题．根据代词指代关系以及上下句内容一致原则，可以解第一题和第五题．每一题可以依据不同的方法解题，我们可以以一种解法预选答案，再通过其它方法确定答案．21.【答案】【小题1】B【小题2】A【小题3】D【小题4】B【小题5】C【小题6】C【小题7】A【小题8】D【小题9】B【小题10】C 【小题11】D【小题12】A【小题13】D【小题14】B【小题15】A 【小题16】C【小题17】B【小题18】C【小题19】A【小题20】D【解析】1-5．BADBC 6-10CADBC 11-15．DADBA 16-20．CBCAD 1．B．考查形容词及语境理解．句意：我在很短的时间内学了如此多的东西，所以我的学习进度比我常规的课程快两个年级．空格处单词与"so much"形成反义呼应．A．free 免费的，自由的；B．short短的；C．good好的；D．long长的．故选B．2．A．考查形容词及语境理解．句意：我在很短的时间内学了如此多的东西，所以我的学习进度比我常规的课程快两个年级．空格处单词与"ahead of"意义一致．A．regular 有规律的，合格的；B．traditional传统的，惯例的；C．favourite特别受喜爱的；D．modern现代的，近代的．故选A．3．D．考查形容词及语境理解．句意：在学校我总是觉得上课内容很无趣，因为我已经都学过了．由because后边的原因可以推知作者对上课内容不感兴趣．A．excited 兴奋的，激动的；B．content满意的；C．angry生气的；D．bored无聊的；无趣的．故选D．4．B．考查不定代词及语境理解．句意：在学校我总是觉得上课内容很无趣，因为我已经都学过了．"have done everything"意为做过了每件事．A．nothing没有什么；B．everything每件事物；C．either两者之中任一的；D．none没有任何东西/人．故选B．5．C．考查状语从句的连词及语境理解．句意：当我的知识增加的同时，傲慢也增加了．A．before在…之前；B．unless除非；C．as 当…的时候；D．although尽管，虽然．故选C．6．C．考查形容词及语境理解．句意：我开始和我老师激烈的争议．空格与下句中的"eager to do（急于做）"呼应．A．political政治的；B．amusing有趣的；C．heated激烈的；D．friendly有好的．故选C．7．A．考查名词及语境理解．句意：我知道的比他们多，我一抓到机会就像表明这一点．A．opportunity机会；B．permission允许，许可；C．right权利；D．problem 问题．故选A．8．D．考查动词短语及语境理解．句意：这种情况持续到Mrs T到来．空格与下句中的"new"呼应．A．came back回来，记起；B．came across偶遇，无意中发现；C．came about发生，产生；D．came along出现，一起来．故选D．9．B．考查名词及语境理解．句意：她是新来的，对我来说是个好的目标．A．audience 观众，听众；B．target目标，指标；C．guide指南，向导；D．market市场，行情．故选B．10．C．考查名词及语境理解．句意：她没有训斥我，只是笑了笑．空格与"scold"反义呼应．A．cried哭；B．shouted呼喊，大声说；C．smiled笑；D．worried担心．故选C．11．D．考查动词及语境理解．句意：课后，她把我叫到边上说了以下话．set…aside留出，驳回；push…aside把…向旁边推；put…aside撇开，把…放在一边；call …aside 叫到一边．故选D．12．A．考查名词及语境理解．句意：我知道有不成言的说法，老师比学生应该知识渊博．不成文的说法就是假定．空格与下两句中的"fact"呼应．A．assumption假定，设想；B．attention 注意；C．attraction 吸引人的事物；D．appreciation欣赏，鉴别．故选A．13．D．考查形容词及语境理解．句意：我知道有不成言的说法，老师比学生应该知识渊博．空格与下两句中的"you know much more than me"呼应．A．considerate体贴的，体谅的；B．important重要的；C．sensitive敏感的；D．knowledgeable知识渊博的．故选D．14．B．考查形容词及语境理解．句意：我们都知道这是错的．空格与下句中的"fact"呼应．A．correct 正确的；B．wrong 错误的；C．basic基本的，基础的；D．reasonable 合理的．故选B．15．A．考查名词及语境理解．句意：记住，知识应该给你力量，而不是骄傲．A．power 力量，能力；B．energy 能量，精力；C．potential潜能，可能性；D．control控制，管理．故选A．16．C．考查形容词及语境理解．句意：总有人比你更聪明，更勤奋．空格处单词与"diligent"意义一致．A．warmer更加暖和；B．stronger更强壮的；C．smarter更聪明的；D．nicer更好的．故选C．17．B．考查动词及语境理解．句意：当它发生的时候，世间所有的骄傲都不能让你不跌落．A．guard保卫；B．save挽救；C．discourage阻止，使气馁；D．ban禁止，取缔．与downfall搭配的只能是save．故选B．18．C．考查名词及语境理解．句意：如果不学会谦卑，你学到的东西都将是没有用处的．A．failure失败；B．experience经历；C．lesson课；D．behavior行为．"learn the lesson of…"意为"意为…"．故选C．19．A．考查副词及语境理解．句意：直到今天，我仍然记得她说的话．A．still仍然，更；B．even甚至，即使；C．also也，而且；D．yet还，但是，已经．故选A．20．D．考查动词及语境理解．句意：我每天提醒我自己那些话．A．warn警告，提醒；B．convince说服，使确信；C．approve批准，赞成；D．remind提醒，使想起．故选D这是一片记叙文．作者小时候学习能力很强，总是能比正常教学进度快两个年级．知识增加的同时，作者的傲慢也增加了，时不时会与老师争论．学校来了新老师，一次争执后，老师告诉他如果不学会谦卑，学到的东西都将是没有用处的．这句话让作者受用至今．近几年高考试题中的完形填空有新的变化，试题所涉及的知识面不断拓宽，综合难度不断提高．做完型填空首先要通读全文，了解大意．一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容．千万不要看一句，做一句．其次要逐句分析，前后一致．选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等．答案全填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅了，用词得当，意思正确．41.【答案】【小题1】longest【小题2】its【小题3】held【小题4】Toensure【小题5】which【小题6】seconds 【小题7】from【小题8】The【小题9】hadbeen【小题10】beshortened【解析】1．longest．考查最高级．港珠澳大桥是世界上最长的大桥，所以填longest．2． its．考查代词．这里是指大桥的开通，所以用its，故填its．3． held．考查非谓语．ceremony与动词hold之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词做定语，故填held．4． To ensure．考查非谓语．此处是动词不定式在句中做目的状语，所以填to ensure．5． which．考查定语从句．本句是非限制性定语从句，所以用which引导，which在从句中做主语，故填which．6． seconds．考查名词．三十秒second是名词"秒"，应该用复数形式，故填seconds．7． from．考查固定短语．apart from是固定短语"除了"，所以填from．8． The．考查冠词．根据句意：在高峰时段，班车的发车频率约为5-10分钟．这里是特指，所以填The．9．has been．考查时态．根据时间状语since 9 am on Tuesday自从周二上午9点，可见句子用现在完成时，所以填has been．10． be shortened．考查被动．根据句意：珠海至香港国际机场的往返时间将由4小时缩短为45分钟．距离与shorten之间是被动关系，在will之后，所以填be shortened．香港-珠海-澳门大桥，世界上最长跨海大桥，主要介绍了大桥的使用情况．语法填空是通过语篇在语境中考查语法知识的运用能力，在解题前应快速浏览短文掌握大意，在读懂短文的基础上，结合短文提供的特定的语言环境去逐句分析．要解决好语。

2020年甘肃省兰州市高三实战模拟考试英语试题第一部分（共20小题每，小题1.5分，满分30分）1．—Excuse me, I wonder if you can help me?— Sure. ______ ?A．What help B．What is this C．What is it D．What do you want2．The coat I bought yesterday is not expensive at all. As a matter of fact, I would gladly have paid ______ for it.A．as much twice B．much as twiceC．as twice much D．twice as much3．_____ annoys the teacher most is that all the students are too quiet in class.A．What B．ThatC．When D．Who4．________ the concert to raise money for hunger relief and to make the public aware of the problem, Geldof invited many famous musicians to take part in it.A．Intended B．Intending C．Having intended D．To intend5．These diagrams are especially helpful when we have a concrete problem ______ at hand.A．be solved B．to solve C．solved D．being solved6．More and more college graduates, the survey shows, feel it hard to find a satisfactory job.A．what B．who C．as D．that7．Life teaches us not to regret over yesterday, for it ________ and is beyond our control.A．passed B．will passC．has passed D．had passed8．The British government published an official policy document ________ its plans to bring the UK out of the European Union.A．letting out B．putting outC．setting out D．working out9．Some business owners are keen on public welfare. This is local services have been funded. A．whether B．what C．where D．how10．Despite the obvious privacy concerns, the use of facial-recognition technology is ________ at some public places.A．out of danger B．on the run C．out of sight D．on the rise11．Obama didn’t explain ______ any larger principles have guided him through the historic convulsions of the 2011 Arab Spring.A．what B．that C．where D．whether12．The house caught fire last week, with little of the original building _________.A．remain B．remained C．remains D．remaining13．Many young people just can’t live without the Internet,they depend on for whateverinformation they need.A．which B．when C．where D．what14．________ an increase in foreign legal conflicts，China is expected to see the number continue to rise．A．To witness B．Being witnessedC．Witnessed D．Having witnessed15．Look! Here’ s a photo ______ in my classroom at primary school. Can you recognize me in it? A．taken B．takingC．to take D．being taken16．He ________ whether to set aside the minor differences，then he did．A．debated B．predictedC．plotted D．calculated17．They are determined to go into the dark cave, ________ my warning of danger.A．regardless of B．because ofC．apart from D．instead of18．Keep up your spirits even if you _____ fail hundreds of times.A．must B．needC．may D．should19．we go there by train or by ship makes no difference．The time and the fees are the same．A．Which B．How C．Whether D．Why20．How did it come about ________ a quiet person should appear so wild today?A．whether B．that C．if D．what第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

2020届甘肃省兰州第一中学高三英语一模试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIf you are looking for recommendations on biographies(传记) that will educate you, comedies that will make your belly ache or stories that present the unique challenges women face every day, read on.“Pride and Prejudice”by Jane AustenA classic thatnever gets old. Set in ruralEnglandin the early 19th century, this tale centers around the Bennet family, a family of five daughters and their two parents who are desperate to find at least one of the daughters a wealthy match. Austen’s story focuses on the tension between marrying for love instead of just for power and fame, and also the unique pressure on women to find financial security by way of marriage at the time.“Women in Science: 50 Fearless Pioneers Who Changed the WorldWomen in Science: 50 Fearless Pioneers Who Changed the World”by Rachel IgnotofskyIt is a sweetly illustrated and educational book that highlights the contributions of 50 women in the fields of technology, science, engineering and mathematics, from present day all the way back to 360 AD.“Good Night Stories for Rebel GirlsGood Night Stories for Rebel Girls”by Elena FavilliIt tells the stories of female heroes from years ago and present day. With color1 portraits and biographies that are short and sweet, this book is a page-turner for anyone wanting to learn about influential women in the past and present.“Becoming”by Michelle ObamaWe wouldn’t be able to write this list without including Michelle Obama’s memoir. “Becoming” has the former FLOTUS discussing her childhood, family, motherhood, her own FLOTUS impact, the pressures of being part of the first Black family in the White House and balancing her public life now. And of course she writes all about meeting her husband and the many unique challenges they faced too.1. What didthe Bennetsintend to do?A.To marry their daughters to rich men.B.To lessen pressure on their daughters.C. To help their daughters marry for true love.D. To make their daughters financially independent.2. Whose book will attract a teen interested in science?A. Jane Austen’s.B.Rachel Ignotofsky’s.C.Elena Favilli’s.D.Michelle Obama’s.3.What do the four books have in common?A.They are all classics.B.They are all biographies.C.They are all related to the female.D. They are all about heroes.BPigeons inLondonhave a bad reputation. Some people call them flying rats. And many blame them for causing pollution with their droppings. But now the birds are being used to fight another kind of pollution in this city of 8.5 million.“The problem for air pollution is that it’s been largely ignored as an issue for a long time,” says Andrea Lee, who works for the London-based environmental organization Client Earth. “People don’t realize how bad it is, and how it actually affects their health.”London’s poor air quality is linked to nearly 10,000 early deaths a year. Lee says, citing(引用)a report released by the city manager last year. If people were better informed about the pollution they’ re breathing, she says, they could pressure the government to do something about it.Nearby, on a windy hill inLondon’s Regent’s Park, an experiment is underway that could help—the first week of flights by the Pigeon Air Patrol. It all began when Pierre Duquesnoy, the director for DigitasLBi, a marketing firm, won a London Design Festival contest last year to show how a world problem could be solved using Twitter. Duquesnoy, fromFrance, chose the problem of air pollution.“Basically, I realized how important the problem was,” he says. “But also I realized that most of the people around me didn’t know anything about it.” Duquesnoy says he wants to better measure pollution, while at the same time making the results accessible to the public through Twitter.“So”, he wondered, “how could we go across the city quickly collecting as much data as possible?” Drones were his first thought. But it’s illegal to fly them overLondon. “But pigeons can fly aboveLondon, right?” he says. “They live—actually, they are Londoners as well. So, yeah, I thought about using pigeons equipped with mobile apps. And we can use not just street pigeons, but racing pigeons, because they fly pretty quickly and pretty low.”So it might be time for Londoners to have more respect for their pigeons. The birds may just be helping to improve the quality of the city’s air.4. What can we infer aboutLondon’s air quality from Paragraph 2?A. Londoners are very satisfied with it.B. The government is trying to improve it.C Londoners should pay more attention to it.D. The government has done a lot to improve it.5. Duquesnoy attended the London Design Festival to _________.A. entertain Londoners.B. solve a world problem.C. design a product for sale.D. protect animals like pigeons.6. Why did Duquesnoy give up using drones to fly acrossLondon?A. Because they are too expensive.B. Because they fly too quickly.C. Because they are forbidden.D. Because they fly too high.7. Which can be the best title for the text?A. Clean air inLondon.B. London’s dirty secret.C. London’s new pollution fighter.D. Causes of air pollution inLondon.CAt the foot of the Tianmu Mountain in Zhejiang, a homestay (民宿) is attracting travelers from far and wide, which has won architectural (建筑学的) medal at the 2021 German iF Design Awards.The owners of the homestay are a couple in their late 30s who decided to return to their hometown three years ago. Li Xiumei used to be in charge of a division at a company in Hangzhou, and her husband was a sales director. It was an ordinary situation where Li’s husband was on business trips a lot and Li worked overtime on weekends. City life sometimes is not easy.In 2018, they quit jobs and went back to Dongtianmu village, which lies in a forest of bamboo. The first time they drove into the village was one late afternoon. The cooking smoke was rising from the foot of the mountain, which gave them a very different feeling form thecity.The homestay was built beside her husband’s old countryside house. The old house is preserved (保留), while a brand-new building was built on its side and the whole site is made up of for courtyards. It has been updated to have a hall, a tea room, a kitchen, a dining room. Japanese cherry trees are planted in the east courtyard. A swimming pool is placed in the west courtyard, with a bar located on one side.Li and her husband love gardening and music, and their new home gives them enough space to continue their interests and relax in the heart of nature. Li wants to share the quiet country life, so she makes her new home a homestay. In 2019, the homestay became an online hit after guests shared their experiences on social media. “The longer I stay here, the more I feel it was the right choice to come back, and this is more meaningfulthan making money,” Li says.8. How did Li feel about city life?A. Satisfied.B. Tired.C. Attractive.D. Noisy.9. What impressed the couple when first driving to the village?A. The smoke of cooking.B. The forest of bamboo.C. The smell of the village.D. The feeling of loneliness.10. What can we infer about the homestay from paragraph 4?A. It is ancient and broken.B. It can hold many guests.C. It has been rebuilt bythe couple.D. It must have been carefully designed.11. What’s more meaningful than earning money according to Li?A. Continuing their music dream.B. Staying at the old house.C. Living in the countryside.D. Developing the economy of cities.DThere is an old army joke about an officer who asks some soldiers whether any of them are interested in music. When four hands go up, the officer says, “Right, men. You can carry this grand piano down to the officers mess.”Job recruitment has become more complicated since that story first did the rounds. Today's careers require a lot more than just raw music but that sometimes makes jobs hard to define. An unfortunate result is a form of “adjective inflation” in recruitment ads as employers attempt to make routine tasks sound exciting.Candidates must sometimes wonder whether they are applying for a 9-to-5-role or to become a member of the Marvel “Avengers”. On Indeed, a job-bunting website, a bar was recently looking for "bartenders who are people focused, quality-driven, and have superhero hospitality powers". The ability to give customers the correct change was not mentioned.Another British company advertised for “a call-centre ninja, a superhero in people", a Job description which sounds a little over-the top for what was in fact a role at an insurance company in Isleworth. In case you think that ad was not typical. Indeed also had jobs demanding “ninja-like attention to detail". Short of turning up for the interview dressed head-to-toe in black, and then sneaking up behind the managing director at his desk, it is hard to see how candidates could show their ninja qualities.Not all companies require candidates to possess the qualities of a ninja, of course. Some require applicants to be passionate. The Bluewater shopping mall in southeastEnglandwas looking for “passionate sales-driven brandambassadors” while “passionate crew members” were needed at a bakery in westLondonfor a wage of just £8. 23 an hour. In fact, passion is pretty hard to keep consistently for 40 hours a week, month after month. Job applicants should find some information from the kind of ads that companies place. If a job ad talks about passion or superheroes, run away faster than a speeding Batmobile. Being a ninja should be reserved for teenage mutant ninja turtles.12. Why does the author mention the joke in Paragraph 1?A. To show that officers enjoy playing tricks on soldiers.B. To introduce the topic of overstated job ads.C. To explain the origin of complex job ads.D. To describe soldiers' everyday life.13. Which of the following offers a job demanding ninja qualities?A. The bar.B. The bakery.C. The insurance company.D. The Bluewater shopping mall.14. What does the author say about the ads requiring passion?A. They are unrealistic.B. They are typical of want ads.C. They are appealing to applicants.D. They are uncommon on Indeed.15. How does the author sound when talking about today’s job ads?A. Curious.B. Hesitant.C. Humorous.D. Sympathetic.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020-2021学年甘肃省兰州第一中学高三英语模拟试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ABook reading is certainly one of the most absorbing habits. For young adults who love to read, finding some good books to read is very essential. Writing a book review can help you to improve your language and writing skills.The Book ThiefListed onThe New York Times Children’s Best Seller List for over 100 weeks, The Book Thief by Markus Zusak is the story of a young girl in the Nazi camps set during World War II. So, if you love history and wish to learn how the life was during Adolf Hitler’s time, read this historic book.The Diary of Young GirlEven Anne Frank can not have imagined that her personal diary written during World War II would become such a popular book. It’s a must read that describes the situation of a family in the evils of wars through the eyes of a teenager.Animal FarmAnimal Farm is one of the most popular books by George Orwell. It is just a reflection of the Stalin and World War II period that has been so creatively presented in this book. It is an interesting example of how literature can be used to present conditions common in the society.Adventures of Huckleberry FinnMark Twain’s Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is one of the great American novels in history, and is certainly a great pick for young adults. Young Huck Finn and his mischief along with the color1 ful description of people around theMississippi Rivermake this novel a great book to read.1.Which book describes the author’s own experiences according to this passage?A.The Book ThiefB.The Diary of Young GirlC.Animal FarmD.Adventures of Huckleberry Finn2.What do the first three books have in common?A.All of them are about wars.B.All of them are about farms.C.All of them are intended for history lovers.D.All of them were written during World War II.3.The purpose of this passage is to _________.A.instruct youngsters how to improve skillsB.tell youngsters some wonderful reading habitsC.introduce several good books to youngstersD.give youngsters advice on writing a book reviewBIf our kids don’t fall, they don’t learn to get up. I still remember the day in high school that my mom forgot to pick me up from school. I’m the oldest of four children, and no doubt she’d had a long day with the other kids and it’d slipped her mind. After waiting at school for an hour, I walked the three miles home, and when I got to my house, I shut our front door with anger, stormed into the kitchen and screamed in my mom’s face that she’d forgotten me.Later that night, my dad told me I no longer had a ride to school the next day. I figured my mom would still take me, but when the morning came, she refused. It was midterm, and as a straight-A student ready to start college applications, being late wasn’t an option (选择). In my mind, missing these tests would have been the end of my academic career. I begged my mom. I told her she was ruining my future and everything I’d worked for. But sheheld her ground, and that day, I walked to school. And I missed my tests.My mom didn’t rescue me from failure. She let me suffer from it. She let me figure it out. She let me learn. Now, as a mom myself, I’ve realized that I want my kids to experience failure because failure is how we grow, learn and think outside of ourselves. It’s how we self-educate to learn what’s right and respectable, and what’s not. It’s how we become responsible and enthusiastic. Falling down makes us better because we learn how to get up.4. What is one of the reasons that the author got angry that day?A. She was tired.B. She failed in a test.C. She was late for school.D. She had to walk home by herself.5. How does the author feel about her childhood experience?A. Terrible.B. Meaningful.C. Embarrassing.D. Colorful.6. The underlined phrase “held her ground” in Paragraph 2 probably means “________”.A. gave in to meB. said yes to meC. stayed in the placeD. kept to her idea7. What is the best title for the text?A. My Way of GrowingB. The Value of FailureC. My Love for MotherD. Failure in My LifeCMichele Gentile, an Italian bookseller, is offering free books to children in exchange for plastic bottles to recycle.Michele owns Ex Libris Cafe in Polla，a small town in southern Italy. He said he thought of the recycling program, because he wanted to inspire children in the small town to read and pay attention to the environment.''My goal is to spread the passion and love for books among those people in Italy who do not usually read while at the time helping the environment," Gentile explained.The idea for the initiative (倡议) came after Gentile collaborated with a nearby middle school on an aluminum recycling project. Working together, the schoolchildren and Gentile collected enough cans to purchase books for an entire classroom. His new program too off from there and has already spread into northern Italy: Gentile's hopes his work will continue to make headlines and become a worldwide initiative.The free books come from customers in Gentile's shop who have donated money to purchase a ''suspended" book. The idea comes from a World War II practice in which customers would buy two Coffees: one for themselves and another for the next person in line. Gentile has been using the extra books as part of his recycling initiative, While Gentile's program is a great way to recycle and get kids to read, it also brings awareness to the growing problem of plastic waste. Single-use plastics make up around 26 percent of all the plastics in the world, only 14 percent of which are recycled. Plastics that end up in landfills take around 500 years to decompose (分解),is a major concern for environmentalists.Cutting down on plastic waste is important if we want to better the environment for future generations, and recycling programs like Gentile's book giveaway are a great way to meet that goal.8. What is the purpose of Gentile's book giveaway?A. To sell more coffee and books.B. To attract more customers.C. To collect money for a new project.D. To inspire reading and recycling.9. How did Gentile come up with the idea?A. Working with a school to recycle cans.B. Seeing school kids don't like reading.C. Donating books for a local school.D. Buying a “suspended” book for a child.10. Who pay for the books of the project?A. The local government.B. Gentile himself.C. Some publishers.D. His customers.11. Whichof the following is the best title for the text?A. An Italian's Reading InitiativeB. Recycling Can Get Kids Free BooksC. Michele's Way of Doing BusinessD. A New Way to Deal with Plastic WasteDA company called Neuralink has shared a video where a monkey is playing a video game. That' s fairly unusual, but what makes the video even stranger is that the monkey is playing the video game with just his mind.The monkey in the video is called Pager who has two of Neuralink's special "Link" devices(装置)inside his brain. The devices planted in Pager's brain are connected to 2,048 wires which lead to the parts of Pager's brain that control movements of the arms and hands.Scientists taught Pager to play a video game. At first, Pager controlled the video game using a joystick it, which is a normal gaming controller. But as Pager played, his Link devices wirelessly sent out information about the signals his brain was using to control his arms and hands. Neuralink's scientists recorded all of these signals.Then they used computers to match the signals from Pager's brain to the movements that his hands were actually doing. This was the most difficult work and the scientists counted on artificial intelligence ( AI) to help them decode(解码)Pager's brain signals.The final step was to have a computer make moves inthe video game as if Pager had actually moved the joystick. If Pager thought about moving the joystick up, the computer would send an “up” signal to the video game.At first, the researchers let Pager keep moving the joystick with his hand, even though it was no longer connected to the computer. But soon Pager was able to play the video game using just his brain.Even though Neuralink's work right now focuses on animals and video games, there's a very serious purpose behind it. Neuralink wants to make it possible for humans who have lost the ability to make physical movements to interact with the world around them.12. What are “Link” devices used to do?A. To pick up the arms' and hands' signals.B. To link the computer to the monkey's brain.C. To send out information about the brain's signals.D. To control movements of the arms and hands.13. What challenged scientists most in the study?A. Recording and sending out body signals.B. Training Pager to use the joystick correctly.C. Planting "Link" devices into Pager's brain.D. Matching brain signals to body movements.14. What is Neuralink's real purpose of the study?A. To test artificial intelligence.B. To help those without arms or legs.C. To study how animals play video games.D. To develop more complex video games.15. What can be the best title for the text?A. Video Games for Animals Are Developed.B. Science Proves the Intelligence of Monkeys.C. Monkey Plays Video Games Using His Mind.D. Neuralink Is Leading the World in Technology.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020届甘肃省兰州第一中学高三英语下学期期末试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AMany workers have had no choice but to adapt to working from home in recent months since offices shut down due to the COVID-19 pandemic (新冠疫情). And the noisy situation and endless housework may result in a terrible emotion. A new option is waiting foryou. That is WFH: work from a hotel.Hotel FigueroA special program titled Work Perks aims to reposition some of 94-year-old Hotel Figuero’s 268 rooms as day-use offices.According to Managing Director Connie Wang, the set-up launched in June and is a great opportunity to get out of their houses with high-speed Wi-Fi, unlimited printing privileges and free parking. The 350-square-foot rooms sell for $ 129 per day, with an option to extend to an overnight stay for an additional $ 20.The WytheA boutique hotel inBrooklyn. The hotel recently announced a partnership with co-working office space company Industrious through which it is recycling 13 second-story guest rooms to serve as offices for up to four people.Each of the rooms has a small outdoor platform, and dogs are welcome. Pricing starts at $ 200 and goes up to $ 275, depending on how many people use the space.The SawyerThe Sawyer, in Sacramento, California, is offering pool cabanas (更衣室) for use as outdoor offices, complete with fast Wi-Fi, free parking and catered lunch for $ 150 per day.HotelsByDayYannis Moati founded HotelsByDay back in 2015. That company has grown to include more than 1,500 hotels, and has seen a significant increase in the number of inquiries for day-use bookings lately.Moati said the current situation will force hotels to upgrade themselves to stay alive, and he predicted that offering rooms for day-use only is one of the directions they will go.1. How much should one pay for a 24-hour stay in Hotel Figuero?A. $ 129.B. $ 149.C. $ 150.D. $ 200.2. Which hotel allows pets in?A. The Wythe.B. The Sawyer.C. HotelsByDay.D. Hotel Figuero.3. What do we know about Yannis Moati?A. He started a program titledWork Perks.B. He has upgraded at least 1,500 rooms.C. He usually predicts everything correctly.D. He is optimistic about the WFH trend.BTechnology is supposed to make our lives easier, allowing us todo things more quickly and efficiently. But too often it seems to make things harder. This increase in complexity, often called "feature creep," costs consumers time, but it also costs business money. Product returns in the U.S. cost a hundred billion dollars a year, and a recent study by Elke den Ouden, of Philips Electronics, found that at least half of returned products have nothing wrong with them. Consumers just couldn't figure out how to use them. Companies now know a great deal about problems of usability and consumer behavior, so why is it that feature creep proves unstoppable?In part, fieature creep is the product of the so-called internal-audience problem: the people who design and sell product are not the ones who buy and use them, and what engineers and marketers think is important is not necessarily what's best for consumers. The engineers tend not to notice when more options make a product less usable. And marketing and sales departments see each additional feature as a new selling point, and anew way to attract customers.You might think, then, that companies could avoid fieature creep by just paying attention to what customers really want. But that's where the trouble begins, because although consumers find overloaded gadgets（配件）unmanageable,they also find them attractive. It turns out that when we look at a new product in a store we tend to think that the more features there are, the better. It is only once we get the product home and try to use it that we realize the virtues of simplicity.It seems strange that we don't expect feature tiredness and thus avoid it. But, as numerous studies have shown, people are not, in general, good at predicting what will make them happy in the future. As a result, we will pay more for more features because we systematically overestimate how often we'll use them. We also overestimate our ability to figure out how a complicated product works.The fact that buyers want bells and whistles but users want something clear and simple creates an unusualproblem for companies. A product that doesn't have enough features may fail to catch our eye in the store. But a product with too many features is likely to annoy consumers.4. What does the first paragraph mainly discuss?A. The benefits brought by the advanced technology.B. The recent study conducted by Elke den Ouden.C. The loss caused by the feature creep of technology.D. Many problems of usability known by the consumers.5. Which of the following is true according to the second paragraph?A. It is the audience problem that leads to feature creep.B. What matters to designers and marketers is not good for consumers.C. Feature creep brings blessings to the people in marketing and sales.D. The engineers will not pay attention to the quality of the product6. What do we know about the buyers in paragraph 4?A. They are deeply convinced that all the products work in simple way.B. They are fed up with the more and more features of the products.C. They are too confident of their ability to use the complicated products.D. They are quite clear about the products which will make them happy.7. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Saying No to Feature Creep is No Easy ThingB. Feature-heavy Products in DemandC. The More Features, the BetterD. Simplicity Outweighs ComplexityCAncient Dunhuang manuscripts housed abroad have been edited and published by the Institute for Overseas National Literature of Northwest Minzu University since 2006. Up till now, 9 manuscripts kept in the British Library and22 inthe National Library of France have been finished, the institute said on April 24, 2018.Tens of thousands of valuable ancient documents and cultural relics, discovered in the Mogao Grottos in Dunhuang, Gansu province, were scattered overseas in the early 20th century. Dunhuang manuscripts currently in the British Library and the National Library of France are the most important ancient national documents housed abroad.Co-edited by Institute for Overseas National Literature of Northwest Minzu University, Shanghai Classics Publishing House, the British Library and the National Library of France, these Dunhuang manuscripts return home in publication form for the first time. The institute is also preparing an online database of the manuscripts.According to Cai Rang, associate director of the institute, Dunhuang manuscripts scattered overseas in Russia, Britain, France and Japan have rich contents, including Buddhism law, social contract, history,linguisticsand art. The institute has edited and published 31 manuscripts over the past 13 years, but the work has not been finished. It plans to publish 15 from the British Library and over 30 from the National Library of France all together. In addition, it will also publish manuscripts collected by other countries.“Some manuscripts are hard to read because of the indecipherable words. So we read carefully and understand them by comparing with Buddhism documents handed down from ancient times,” Cai said. “Next, document classification and compilation will be our key work for further research.”The work done by the institute is helpful to study the history and culture of Tubo(present-day Tibet) during the period of 8th to 11th century and the history of national cultural exchanges at that time.8. When did so many valuable ancient documents, discovered in the Mogao Grottos, were scattered overseas?A. In the late 19th century.B. In the middle of the 19th century.C. At the beginning of the 19th century.D. At the beginning of the 20th century.9. How do the members of the institute understand some manuscripts that are hard to read?A. By using modern technology.B. By asking other famous experts.C. By comparing them with Buddhism documents.D. By studying the history and culture of Tubo.10. The possible meaning of the underlined word “linguistics” in paragraph 4 is “______”.A. the scientific study of languageB. the opinion that people have about someone or somethingC. something that people may have as part of their characterD. a system or method for carrying passengers or goods from one place to another11. What is the theme of the news report?A. Dunhuang manuscripts scattered overseas have rich contents.B. China publishes Dunhuang manuscripts housed overseas.C. High value of ancient documents and cultural relics in Mogao Grottos.D. Prepare an online database of Dunhuang manuscripts housed overseas.DA nurse has fulfilled (实现) a promise she made to her patient four years ago to one day attend her daughter's graduation from nursing school.Edina Habibovic, 22, graduated from Chamberlain University's College of Nursing in 2020. Her mother, Sevala Habibovic, 46, died in2017 after a two year fight with breast cancer.“I thought the medical field wasn't for me. Then, my mom got sick and I had all the experience going in and out of the hospital, ” Edina toldGood MorningAmerica. “When my mom passed away, I thought, ‘I want to dothis.’”she said.Sanja Josipovic, who at the time worked as a home health nurse with Northwestern Medicine in Winfield, Illinois, cared for Sevala inside her home. They often chatted and shared the latest news with each other over six months of care.“She was most worried about Edina because she was young and hadn't finished school yet, ” Sanja said. “We are like sisters; we care about and trust each other. She was a powerful and strong minded woman. She wasn't scared to die; she was just worried about her kids and husband.”Edina said her mother lived for being with her family and taking care of people. “When Sanja was working, my mom would still try to make her something to eat, no matter how sick she was, ” Edina added. When Sevala's life was coming to an end, she asked Sanja to take her place at her youngest daughter's nursing school graduation. “That was the only thing she was going to miss. Edina's graduation, ” said Sanja, who is a mother of three herself. She agreed.Due to COVID -19, there was no graduation or pinning ceremony. Edina's manager at Marianjoy Rehabilitation Hospital decided to host a pinning ceremony for her and have Sanja present the pin. “Sanja has fulfilled her promise, ” Edina said.Edina and Sanja are now caring for patients alongside one another as colleagues at Marianjoy.12. What does the underlined word “this” in paragraph 3 refer to?A. Leaving the hospitalB. Working as a nurseC. Facing death positivelyD. Caring for Edina's mother13. What can be learned about Sanja and Sevala?A. They enjoyed volunteeringB. They were cancer survivorsC. They had unhappy marriagesD. They developed a close bond14. What would be Sevala's regret?A. The loss of the chance to study medicineB. Her absence from Edina's school graduationC. Failing to keep the promise made to SanjaD. Never cooking a good meal for her husband15. How did Sanja fulfill her promise?A. By taking care of Edina and her familyB. By helping Edina enter her dream hospitalC. By attending a special ceremony for EdinaD. By managing to become Edina's colleague第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。