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考试科目:普通物理科目代码：913
适用专业:电路与系统、通信与信息系统、信号与信息处理、电子与通信工程、
集成电路工程
考试科目:普通物理科目代码：913
适用专业:电路与系统、通信与信息系统、信号与信息处理、电子与通信工程、
集成电路工程
考试科目:普通物理科目代码：913
适用专业:电路与系统、通信与信息系统、信号与信息处理、电子与通信工程、
集成电路工程
考试科目:普通物理科目代码：913
适用专业:电路与系统、通信与信息系统、信号与信息处理、电子与通信工程、
集成电路工程
10、（本题10分）
光电管的阴极用逸出功为A=2.2eV的金属制成，今用一单色光照射此光电管，阴极发射出光电子，测得遏止电势差为|U a|=5.0V，试求：
(1)光电管阴极金属的光电效应红限波长；
(2)入射光波长．
（普朗克常量h=6.63×10-34J·s，基本电荷e=1.6×10-19C）。
入学考试试题(A卷)(答案必须写在答题纸上)考试科目:材料科学基础科目代码：3822适用专业:渔业工程与材料一、解释下列概念（每题4分，共12分）1、下坡扩散与上坡扩散2、凝固与结晶3、动态回复与动态再结晶二、选择题（每题1.5分，共15分，单选或多选）1、晶体的宏观对称要素中，对称面的对称操作是________。
A.旋转B.反伸C.反映D.旋转＋反映2、依据玻璃形成动力学，高粘度熔体倾向于形成________。
A.晶体B.玻璃C.陶瓷D.准晶体3、晶体的表面能与所显露的那个晶面有关，密排的晶面表面能________。
A.最低B.最高C.适中D.不确定4、.润湿的过程是体系吉布斯自由能________的过程。
A.升高B.降低C.不变D.变化无规律5、根据相变过程的温度条件，若相变过程是放热过程，则该过程必须________。
A.过热B.过冷C.吸热D.平衡6、对于无机化合物，当Δ=(r1-r2)/r1=15-30%、晶体结构类型相同、电价相等、电负性差值>0.4，则生成________。
A.化合物B.连续型固溶体C.有限型固溶体D.不生成固溶体7、非晶高聚物的力学状态有________。
A.玻璃态B.高弹态C.液态D.粘流态8、三斜晶系的晶体常数特征为________。
A.a≠b≠c，α=β=γ=90°B.a=b≠c，α=β=γ=90°C.a=b=c，α=β=γ=90°D.a≠b≠c，α≠β≠γ≠90°9、马氏体转变是________。
A.扩散型相变B.二级相变C.液-固相变D.无扩散型相变10、小角度晶界模型中的倾转晶界是由________组成的。
A.刃型位错B.螺旋位错C.混合位错D.位错中心重叠入学考试试题(A卷)(答案必须写在答题纸上)考试科目:材料科学基础科目代码：3822适用专业:渔业工程与材料三、判断下列叙述是否正确（每小题1分，共10分，正确T，错误F）1、三元相图垂直截面的两相区内不适用杠杆定律。
十四套名校数电考研真题、答案与详解网学天地（）出品版权所有！目 录1华中科技大学2008年《电子技术基础》考研真题与答案 (1)2电子科技大学2010年《数字电路》考研真题与答案 (6)3浙江大学2011年《信号系统与数字电路》考研真题与答案 (14)4吉林大学2010年《电子技术》考研真题与答案 (20)5南开大学2011年《电子综合基础》考研真题与答案 (23)6华南理工大学2011年《电子技术基础》考研试题 (27)7哈尔滨工业大学2010年《电子技术基础》考研真题与答案 (33)8哈尔滨工业大学2010年《电路与数字电子技术》考研真题与答案 (39)9哈尔滨工业大学2010年《信号与系统、数字电路》考研真题与答案 (40)10复旦大学2009年《电子线路与集成电路设计》考研真题与答案 (48)11东南大学2008年《信号与系统、数字电路》考研真题与答案 (52)12深圳大学2011年《数字电路与专业综合》考研真题与答案 (60)13重庆大学2010年《电子技术一》考研真题与答案 (67)14北京邮电大学2009年《电子电路》考研真题与答案 (71)网学天地（ ）出品 版权所有！ 11 华中科技大学2008年《电子技术基础》考研真题与答案数字电子技术部分一、填空题（每空1分，共20分）4．数字电路中的三极管一般工作于________区和________区。
答案：截止 饱和5．(63)O 的二进制补码是________，格雷码是________。
答案：(101100)B (101010)B6．四个逻辑变量的最小项最多有________个，任意两个最小项之积为________。
答案：16 07．触发器是对脉冲________敏感的存储单元电路，锁存器是对脉冲________敏感的存储电源电路。
答案：边沿 电平8．对于一个含有逻辑变量A 的逻辑表达式L ，当其他变量用0或1代入后，表达式可化简为：L =________或________时，会产生竞争冒险。
(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)下面对于p型半导体形成的MIS结构，说法正确的是（）。
A．强反型时，表面的少子浓度会大于体内的多子浓度；(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)第1页共3页科目代码：3823总分值：100科目名称：半导体物理一、选择题（40分每题2分）1.如果半导体中电子浓度等于空穴浓度，则该半导体以（）导电为主。
A.本征 B.受主 C.空穴 D.施主2.下列三种结构示意图属于多晶结构的是（）。
A B C 3.电子是带（）电的粒子。
A.正 B.负 C.零 D.准粒子4.当B 掺入Si 中时，它是（）杂质。
A.受主 B.深 C.浅 D.复合中心5.杂质半导体中的载流子输运过程的散射机构中，当温度升高时，电离杂质散射的概率和晶格振动声子的散射概率的变化分别是（）。
A.变大，变小B.变小，变大C.变小，变小D.变大，变大。
6.在热力学温度零度时，能量比F E小的量子态被电子占据的概率为（）。
A.大于1/2B.小于1/2C.等于1/2D.等于17.金属和半导体接触分为（）。
A.整流的肖特基接触和整流的欧姆接触B.整流的肖特基接触和非整流的欧姆接触C.非整流的肖特基接触和整流的欧姆接触D.非整流的肖特基接触和非整流的欧姆接触8.一块半导体材料，光照在材料中会产生非平衡载流子，若光照忽然停止t τ=后，其中非平衡载流子将衰减为原来的（）。
A.1/eB.1/2C.0D.2/e9.载流子在电场作用下的运动为（）。
A.漂移运动B.扩散运动C.热运动D.复合运动10.锗的晶格结构和能带结构分别是（）。
A.金刚石型和直接禁带型B.闪锌矿型和直接禁带型C.金刚石型和间接禁带型D.闪锌矿型和间接禁带型11.当半导体材料处于热平衡时，其电子浓度与空穴浓度的乘积为（）。
A.变化量B.常数C.杂质浓度和杂质类型D.禁带宽度和温度12.与绝缘体相比，半导体的价带电子激发到导带所需要的能量（）。
(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上) A. 3 B. 2(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)考试科目:半导体器件科目代码：2604适用专业:微纳信息系统一、单项选择题：本大题共5小题，每小题5分，共25分。
在每小题列出的四个选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填在题前的括号内。
错选、多选或未选均不得分。
()1.在半导体太阳能电池中，关于暗电流说法正确的是A.没有光照时电流B.由外加偏压产生C.其方向与光电流方向相同D.由光生电压降落在势垒区而产生()D正常工作时，其MOS单元半导体表面所处状态是A.强反型B.多子积累C.深耗尽D.多子耗尽()3.在以下复合跃迁中，非辐射复合跃迁是A.带间复合B.激子复合C.俄歇复合D.不存在()4.与LED量子效率有关的因素有A.结两侧参杂浓度B.结深C.表面反射D.以上都有关()5.太阳能电池工作时，对应P-N结内部处于：A.正偏电压B.反偏电压C.没有电压D.耗尽第1页共2页考试科目:半导体器件科目代码：2604适用专业:微纳信息系统二问答题(共35分)1.采用载流子扩散与漂移的观点分析PN结的单向导电性。
(10分)2.试述NPN双极型晶体管的四种工作模式。
(15分)3.试述金属-半导体接触：肖特基接触与欧姆接触的各自特点。
(10分)三．计算与推导(共40分)1.计算一硅p-n结在300K时的内建电势，其N A＝1018cm-3和N D＝1015cm-3．(10分)2.一理想晶体管其发射效率为0.999，集基极漏电流为10μA，假设I B=0，请算出由空穴所形成的放大模式发射极电流。
(15分)3.简述评估太阳能电池器件性能的四个基本参数，那些因素会影响太阳能电池器件性能（15分）第2页共2页考试科目:半导体器件科目代码：2604适用专业:微纳信息系统第1页共2页一、判断题（共20分，每题１分）1.（）半导体材料的导电性能介于导体和绝缘体之间。
入学考试试题(A 卷)(答案必须写在答题纸上)考试科目:数字通信科目代码：3807适用专业:通信与信息系统/信号与信息处理/移动计算与人机交互一、填空（每空2分，共20分）1、数字通信的任务是（）、（）地传递信息。
2、设在s μ125内传输256个二进制码元，则码元传输速率是（）。
3、时变随参信道的特点是（）、（）、（）。
4、设到达接收端的已调信号功率和信道噪声的功率谱密度已经给定。
降低调制指数后，FM 解调器的输入信噪比（）；对于AM ，包络检波器输入的信噪比（）。
5、出现概率越（）的消息，其所含的信息量越大；出现概率越（）的消息，其所含的信息量越小。
二、选择题（每空2分，共10分）(a)2DPSK(b)2ASK (c)2(d)4(e)快(f)慢(g)倒π现象(h)相位错移(i)kb/slog 2M (j)kb/s log 102M (k)1(l)3(m)时域均衡(n)循环稳定(o)高(p)61、某二进制信源中连续出现的0的个数最多是6个，此信源经过HDB3、数字分相码编码后，编码结果中连续出现的0的个数最多分别是（）和（）个。
2、对于传输信道所引入的码间干扰，一种基本的解决方法是采用（）。
3、如果升余弦滚降系统的滚降系数α越小，则相应的系统总的冲激响应x (t)的拖尾衰减越（）。
4、BPSK 信号在接收端因为载波同步系统中的分频，可能产生载波相位状态转移，发生对信号的错误解调，这种现象称为（）。
三、计算题（10分）设某个数字通信传输系统传送二进制码元的速率为3600B ，试求该数字通信传输系统的信息速率；如果将该数字通信传输系统改为传送32进制信号码元，假设其码元速率不变，则此时该数字通信传输系统的信息速率是多少？入学考试试题(A卷)(答案必须写在答题纸上)考试科目:数字通信科目代码：3807适用专业:通信与信息系统/信号与信息处理/移动计算与人机交互四、Translate the following from English into Chinese.And，say something about your understanding of digital communications,communication system,or information system.(60分)It has been more than a few decades since mobile wireless communications were initiated with the first generation,voiceonly systems.Over the last couple of decades the world has witnessed gradual,yet steady evolution of mobile wireless communications towards second,third and fourth generation wireless networks.Introduction of digital modulations,effective frequency reuse,penetration of packet-based Internet and rapid advancement in physical layer technologies,like WCDMA,OFDMA, MIMO,HARQ etc.have significantly contributed towards this gradual evolution.Besides this,with the ever increasing popularity of smart devices,currently all-IP based fourth generation LTE networks have become a part of everyday life.As a result,a set of new,user-oriented mobile multimedia applications,like mobile video conferencing,streaming video,e-healthcare and online gaming are coming up.These new applications are not only satisfying users’requirements,but also opening up new business horizons for wireless operators to increase their revenue.The combined effect of emerging mm-wave spectrum access,hyper-connected vision and new application-specific requirements is going to trigger the next major evolution in wireless communications-the5G(fifth generation).5G wireless communications envision magnitudes of increase in wireless data rates, bandwidth,coverage and connectivity,with a massive reduction in round trip latency and energy consumption.It points out that the first standard is expected to mature by2020.Group Special Mobile Association(GSMA)is working with its partners towards the ultimate shaping of5G communication. With these eight above-mentioned requirements,wireless industries,academia and research organizations have started collaborating in different aspects of5G wireless systems.It shows the vision of5G from different globally famous wireless vendors and operators.Ericsson expects5G development should start in a backward compatible way with existing4G LTE networks.This will help in continuing services using the same carrier frequency to traditional devices.Ericsson is also collaborating with South Korean market leader SK Telecom,for demonstrating5G networks at2018 winter Olympics.Qualcomm is developing and driving4G and5G in parallel to achieve the maximum入学考试试题(A卷)(答案必须写在答题纸上)考试科目:数字通信科目代码：3807适用专业:通信与信息系统/信号与信息处理/移动计算与人机交互potential.The unified platform should help in improving cost and energy efficiency,while enabling a vast range of new services.Huawei is collaborating with international trade associations,many universities,governments and ecosystem partners to establish crucial5G innovations.Docomo network has identified two important trends,pervasive wireless connectivity,extensive rich content delivery in real time.It believes integration of both the higher and lower frequency bands holds the key to5G deployment.The lower frequencies will be responsible for basic coverage and the higher frequencies will provide high data rates.Optimizing spectrum usage,revolutionary advances in5G,dense small cells and improved performance are key concepts of Nokia’s realization for5G wireless.Billions of autonomously connected diverse devices,leading to the beginning of IoT is Samsung’s vision for5G. METIS(Mobile and wireless communications Enablers for the Twenty-twenty(2020)Information Society)and HORIZON2020are the major5G research project initiated and funded by the European Union(EU).To deploy5G in alignment with the market demands,5GPPP is working for early agreements with major stakeholders for multitenancy and single digital market.IEEE Communication Society’s5G Training and Certification initiative is coordinating5G training at IEEE-sponsored workshops and conferences,with the process of developing a5G certification program.Collaborative research and development efforts between South Korea,Japan and China have resulted in the formation of5G forum.Overall layout of5G wireless networks breaks the rules of BS centric cellular concept and moves towards a device centric topology.5G network proposes the use of higher frequencies for communication.The propagation and penetration of mm-wave signal in outdoor environment is quite limited.Thus,node layout can not follow traditional cellular design or even any definite pattern. Rappaport and his group propose site specific node layout for5G radio network design.For instance, ultra dense deployment is necessary in areas requiring high data rates,like subway stations,malls and offices.Line of Sight(LOS)communication is undisputed preference over Non Line of Sight(NLOS) communication.Alternately,reflected,scattered and diffracted signals still might have sufficient energy,which needs to be explored when LOS is completely blocked.5G cellular technology needs to work with an enormous number of users,variety of devices and diverse services.The primary concern therefore,is the integration of5G BSs with the legacy cellular networks(e.g.4G,3G and2G). Different configurations like,mm-wave BS grid systems,mmwave integrated with4G systems and mm-wave standalone systems are proposed by Farooq and his team at Samsung rge入学考试试题(A卷)(答案必须写在答题纸上)考试科目:数字通信科目代码：3807适用专业:通信与信息系统/信号与信息处理/移动计算与人机交互beamforming gains extend the coverage,while reducing interference and improving link quality at the cell edges.This feature enables mm-wave BS grids to provide low latency and cost effective solutions. It proposes a dual-mode modem,enabling the user to switch between the two networks for better experience.Alternately,mm-wave spectrum can also be used only for data communications,while control and system information can be transmitted by using traditional4G networks.Standalone5G systems operate exclusively on mm-waves.Such systems envision the use of same mm-wave spectrum for both backhaul and wireless access links.The concept of narrow beams allows acceptable spectrum overlap and also improves link quality between BS grids and large number of users.Thus,the radio networking in5G communications is expected to be much different from legacy networks.Evolution in radio would also change the schematics of the air interface.Successful deployment of5G networks depends on the effective antenna array design.This exploits the advantages of change in air interface.The multi-beam smart antenna array system should be used to realize SDMA capabilities.Smart antennas help in interference mitigation,while maintaining the optimal coverage area and transmit power reduction of both mobile handset and BS.Moreover,for the same physical aperture size,more energy can be transmitted at higher frequency by the use of narrow beams.Smart antenna implementation enables the same channel to be used by different beams.This reduces one of the major problems of wireless communications:co-channel e of beamforming antennas,with fractional loading factor,further dilutes the co-channel interference problem.Application of highly directional beams do not necessarily require any fractional loading. Infrastructure expenses and complex operations impede indiscriminate use of directional antennas. However,even less complex antennas are capable of providing considerable capacity gains.Therefore, a smart antenna design,optimized over directional gains,cost and complexity is very important for development of5G wireless communications.Vertical planar subarrays steer the beams in horizontal plane by varying the weights associated with the subarray elements.The subarray configurations are crucial for beam steering.Three different possibilities to arrange an antenna subarray circular,planar and segmented.Better coverage of circular subarray makes it more suitable for wireless communications.While curvature allows wider beam steering,linear configurations have better directivity,but limited scan-angle range.Instead of circular or linear,simple segmented configurations can also be carefully designed to achieve the required level of directivity and scan range.Generally,入学考试试题(A卷)(答案必须写在答题纸上)考试科目:数字通信科目代码：3807适用专业:通信与信息系统/信号与信息处理/移动计算与人机交互horn antennas have higher gains over all other antennas.An array of horn antennas provide high power output required at BS.The space,size and power are constraints at the mobile device.Hence,more simple patch antennas are suitable candidate for devices.Generally space,not the size,limits the deployment of sophisticated smart antennas at both BS and MS.However,Samsung’s experiments at 28GHz bands with patch antennas in popular handset have shown promising results.Cloud Radio Access Network(C-RAN)resolves some of the major problems associated with increasing demands for high data rates.Wireless industry is working on measures to enhance network capacity by adding more cells,implementing MIMO techniques,establishing complex structure of HetNets and small cell deployment.However,inter-cell interference,CAPital EXpenditure(CAPEX)and OPerating EXpenditure(OPEX)impedes these efforts.C-RAN offers to improve system architecture,mobility, coverage performance and energy efficiency while at the same time reducing the cost of network deployment and operation.C-RAN is based on fundamentals of centralization and virtualization.The baseband resources are pooled at BaseBand Unit(BBU),situated at remote central office(not at the cell sites).In traditional cellular networks,the Internet Protocol,Multiprotocol functionality and Ethernet are extended all the way to remote cell sites.A typical C-RAN architecture is with BBUs from many remote sites centralized at a virtual BBU pool.This results in statistical multiplexing gains, energy efficient operations and resource savings.Virtual BBU pools further facilitate scalability,cost reduction,integration of different services and reduction in time consumption for field trials.Remote Radio Heads(RRH),comprising of transreciever components,amplifiers and duplexers enable digital processing,analog-digital conversions,power amplification and filtering.RRHs are connected to BBU pool by single mode fibre of data rate higher than1Gbps.This simplified BS architecture is paving the way for dense5G deployment by making it affordable,flexible and efficient.Powerful cloud computing ability can easily handle all complex control processes.。
科目代码: 3810 科目名称：数字集成电路设计基础VDDGND IN1IN2IN3IN4OUT科目代码: 3810 科目名称：数字集成电路设计基础科目代码: 3810 科目名称：数字集成电路设计基础5.说明如图5所示的静态CMOS反相器的总功耗由哪几部分组成，并列出每一项功耗的具体表达式。
(10分)pmosnmosVDDC L图5. 静态CMOS反相器6.分析图6所示的电路，在不同时钟CLK输入下Q0、Q1、Q2与Q3的输出状态，并将状态量填入表1。
假设各个D触发器的初始输出状态皆为Q=0。
(10分)图6.D触发器构成的时序逻辑电路表1.电路输出状态表CLK的顺序输入D1 Q0Q1Q2Q30 0 0 0 0 01 12 03 14 15 0科目代码: 3810 科目名称：数字集成电路设计基础7.试用差分串联电压开关逻辑（DCVSL）与互补传输管逻辑（CPL）实现二输入的XOR/NXOR逻辑门，要求画出其晶体管级电路图。
(10分)8.在图7所示电路中，已知CMOS集成施密特触发器的电源电压V DD=15V, V T+=10V，V T-=5V,R=100KΩ, C=10μF。
试画出u c和u0的波形，并求出u0的频率以及占空比。
(10分)图7. 施密特触发器电路9.叙述图8所示的单管动态CMOS存储单元读与写的工作原理与工作过程。
(8分)T C1C2图8. 单管动态CMOS存储单元10.试回答下列问题：（1）在标准CMOS工艺中，NMOS衬底（阱）通常与电路中最低电位相接，若NMOS衬底（阱）与最高电位相接，会产生什么害处? （4分）（2）MOS管有三种主要漏电流（4分）（3）试分别说明: 在65nm以下工艺，哪两种漏电流起主要作用?（4分）。
