定语从句名词性从句同位语从句及其区别(课堂PPT)

同位语从句的注意点
➢ The news that they won the match is true.
➢ The news that you told us yesterday is true. 同位语从句PK定语从句： 假定还原法
定语从句和同位语从句的辨别 ① that作不作成分 ② 是否知道名词的内容 ③ 名词和从句间加be，是否构成表语从句
二、同位语从句：同位语由一个句子充当
❖ The nneewwss that Tu Youyou won the Nobel Prize surprised the
world. 引导词
从句
名词
总结：同位语从句结构
名词 连接词 从句 ____________ + ______________ + ________________
同位语从句的定义
➢ 常见的后跟同位语从句的名词： fact (事实）,news (消息） ,hope(希望），idea(主意）， truth(事实），evdence（证据），suggestion（建议）， problem/question（问题）,opinion（观点）等
都是抽象名词！！！
➢ 常见的后跟定语从句的名词： news, village, factory, place, the girl, the book, the day等 可抽象可具体~~
一、什么是同位语apposition？
❖ 1. Tom, our monitor, is a handsome boy. ❖ 2. I myself will do the experiment. ❖ 3. She is the oldest among them six.

made her so worried. 3.The reason for his being late is that he overslept.
问题：that 作何成分？
12
4. The school that my sister studies at is far from (which)
here.
sound and scientific evidence.
A. why C. that
B. where D. what
15
4. 引导词的不同： 不会出现在名词从句中的关系词：as,
且 when, where 等不能与 in/on/at which 互换。 不会出现在定语从句中的关系词： whether, if, what, how
6. In the office I never seem to have time until after 5:30 pm., by which time many people have gone home.
7. I had never seen such a good film as I watched last night.
see the house__C_ I would be staying.
A. what
B. when
C. where
D. which
2.__D__ I want to tell you is the deep
love and respect I have for my parents.
A. That
___C___ was completely cut off from the
outside world.
2.Finally he reached __A__ was a lonely

• (2) from where为“介词＋关系副词“结构,但也可以引导 定语从句.例如：
• We stood at the top of the hill, from where we can see the town..
• e.g. • 1：This is the detective who came from
London. • 2：The book which I am reading is written
by Tomas Hardy. • 3：The desk whose leg is broken is very
的人.Which引导的定语从句可以限制性的,也可以是非限制性的. • (7) 如果作先作词的集体名词着眼于集体的整体,关系代词用which;若是指集体中的各个成员,则
用who. • (8) 先行词有两个,一个指人,一个指物,关系代词应该用that.例如：
• The boy and the dog that are in the picture are very lovely. • (9) 如果先行词是anyone, anybody, everyone, everybody, someone, somebody,关系代词应该
• 2. that可引导定语从句表示时间．地点或原 因
• That有时可以代替关系副词 when, where 或者why引导定语从句表示时间．地点或原 因,在 that引导的这种定语从句中,that也可 以省去.
三“介词＋关系代词“是一个普
遍使用的结构
• (1) “介词＋关系代词“可以引导限制性定语从句,也可以 引导非限制性定语从句.“介词＋关系代词“结构中的介 词可以是 in, on, about, from, for, with, to at, of, without 等, 关系代词只可用whom或 which,不可用 that .

3. 连接副词：when(＝the time when什么时候，何时)，where(＝the place where什么地方，何地)，how(＝the way that/in which怎样， 以……方式，如何)，why＝the reason why为什么)。它们除起连 接作用，还在从句中作状语。
3) wh类连接词引导的主语从句： wh类连接词包括wh类的连接代词(who, whom,
whose, which, what, whoever, whomever, whichever, whatever等)和连接副词(when,
where, how, why, whenever, wherever, however 等)。what, when和wh-ever类的词有时可不表 疑问。wh类连接代词在句中既起连接作用， 又可充当主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分。 wh类连接副词在句中起连接作用，在从句中 可充当时间、地点、原因、方式状语。
【温馨提示】 ①whether/ if引导宾语从句表示“是否”
的意思时，一般情况下可互换。 ②if引导宾语从句时可以有否定式，而
whether从句则没有。 e.g. I don’t care if he doesn’t come.
5) 特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句： 由who, what, how, which, whose, where, why等词引导的宾语从句，可作动词、 介词及形容词的宾语。
【温馨提示】 doubt, doubtful与sure后名词性从句连接词 that, whether, if的选择。 ①当doubt, doubtful用于肯定句时，后面的名
词性从句的连接词常用whether或if；当 doubt, doubtful用于否定句或疑问句时，后 面名词性从句的连接词用that。