被动语态总结及练
- 格式:doc
- 大小:46.50 KB
- 文档页数:3
初中英语被动语态教案总结:总结经验,反思不足,推动教学改进初中英语语法教学,被动语态是非常重要的一环。
被动语态是一种语法结构,在英语中非常常见。
对于初学者来说,学习被动语态是一项必不可少的任务。
作为英语教师,如何让学生更深入地理解被动语态,是我们需要反思并推动教学改进的问题。
本文将从总结经验、反思不足以及推动教学改进三个方面入手,探讨初中英语被动语态教学的问题与思路。
一、总结经验:1. 确定教学目标:在教学中要确定被动语态的概念以及使用场合,不仅要掌握被动语态的语法结构,还要理解被动语态的含义。
2. 采用多元化的教学方法:对于初中生而言,教材知识点繁琐,教学生动的方法必不可少。
可以通过听、说、读、写、练的方式进行教学,尤其是通过小组讨论、制作PPT、演讲等实际操作的方式进行教学。
3. 强化练习环节:语法知识的学习需要不断的重复练习,只有在大量的语句模式中进行操作,才能真正掌握被动语态运用。
4. 提供多样化的语法材料:教学语法材料要注重实际生活应用,应该提供一些包含被动语态的实际应用语句,让学生在练习中感知被动语态。
5. 鼓励互动式教学:在教学过程中,要积极鼓励学生进行互动式教学,尤其是要义活泼、有效地引导学生进行讨论。
二、反思不足:1. 侧重语法知识点,缺少实际应用环节:在教学中应该更注重实际应用,例如通过听歌、播放英语电影等多种方式,培养学生的语感,使其能够真正地掌握被动语态的含义以及正确的使用方式。
2. 学生练习量不足:在复习测试时发现,学生对被动语态运用的掌握不够牢固,这可能是因为学生在语法运用过程中的练习量不够。
需要评估课程的练习环节,为学生提供更加充足的练习机会。
3. 教学重视指导而非学生主体性:在教学中有时会过于强调“讲解”而忽视学生自身的思考与猜测,在进行灵活创新教学时,考虑学生的主体性,鼓励学生自主解决问题,变被动为主动。
三、推动教学改进:1. 增加实际应用操作课程:在教学中,增加实际应用的操作课程,例如通过课堂游戏、音乐活动等课程引导学生深入理解被动语态的含义与运用方式。
被动语态的用法总结一、被动语态的基本形式及用法介绍1.1 被动语态的基本构成被动语态由助动词"be" (am, is, are, was, were等)加上过去分词构成,其中"be"的形式根据时态和主语单复数来决定。
例如:- The book is written by the author.这本书是作者写的。
- The project was completed last week.这个项目上周完成了。
1.2 被动语态的作用和用法被动语态主要用于强调动作所受到的影响或发生的对象而非执行者。
同时,它也可以使句子更加简洁、连贯,并在特定情景下用以掩饰或模糊责任。
二、被动语态的使用场景及示例2.1 强调行为接受者,省略执行者或保持匿名在某些情况下,我们可能更关注对方接受行为而非谁执行了此行为。
这时,使用被动语态能够更直接地说明重点。
例如:- The cake was eaten by the children.蛋糕被孩子们吃了。
(重点在蛋糕被吃)- The window was broken by someone.窗户被人打破了。
(重点在窗户被打破)2.2 表示普遍真理或客观事实时当我们表达一般性的真理或客观事实时,使用被动语态会更常见。
例如:- English is spoken in many countries around the world.英语在世界上很多国家都是通用的。
2.3 避免指责或模糊责任在某些情况下,使用主动语态可能会显得过于直接或指责性强。
此时,使用被动语态可以减轻对他人的压力,模糊责任。
例如:- Mistakes were made that led to the project's failure.导致项目失败的错误已经发生了。
(不直接指明谁犯了错误)三、注意事项和应避免的误区3.1 注意及时提供执行者信息虽然被动语态可以省略执行者信息,但为了保持句子完整和明确,应该在适当的情况下提供执行者的相关信息。
被动语态知识点总结在英语学习中,被动语态是一个重要的语法知识点。
掌握被动语态对于准确、清晰地表达意思以及理解英语文章都具有关键作用。
接下来,让我们一起深入探讨被动语态的相关知识。
一、被动语态的构成被动语态的基本构成是“be +过去分词”。
其中,“be”动词要根据不同的时态和主语的人称、数进行变化。
一般现在时的被动语态:am/is/are +过去分词。
例如:“The book is read by many people”(这本书被很多人读。
)一般过去时的被动语态:was/were +过去分词。
如:“The house was built last year”(这座房子是去年建的。
)一般将来时的被动语态:will be +过去分词或者 be going to be +过去分词。
比如:“The meeting will be held tomorrow”(会议将在明天举行。
)现在进行时的被动语态:am/is/are + being +过去分词。
像:“The problem is being discussed now”(这个问题正在被讨论。
)过去进行时的被动语态:was/were + being +过去分词。
“The machine was being repaired at that time”(那时机器正在被修理。
)现在完成时的被动语态:have/has been +过去分词。
“The work has been finished”(工作已经完成了。
)过去完成时的被动语态:had been +过去分词。
“The task had been completed before he came”(在他来之前任务已经完成了。
)二、被动语态的使用场景1、不知道动作的执行者是谁。
例如:“The window was broken last night”(窗户昨晚被打破了,但不知道是谁打破的。
)2、强调动作的承受者。
初中英语语法——被动语态用法总结归纳被动语态是英语语法中的重要部分,学好被动语态的用法可以帮助学生更准确地理解和使用英语。
下面是被动语态用法的详细总结归纳。
1.被动语态的构成:被动语态由“助动词be+过去分词”构成,根据时态的不同,助动词be的形式也会发生变化。
如:- 一般现在时:am/is/are + 过去分词- 一般过去时:was/were + 过去分词- 一般将来时:will be + 过去分词- 现在进行时:am/is/are being + 过去分词- 过去进行时:was/were being + 过去分词- 现在完成时:have/has been + 过去分词- 过去完成时:had been + 过去分词2.被动语态的用法:被动语态用来强调动作的承受者(主语)而不是执行者,并且常用于以下情景:2.1当我们不知道或不关心动作的执行者时。
例如:The cake was eaten.(蛋糕被吃了。
)2.2当动作的执行者已知,但我们要强调动作的承受者时。
例如:The house was built by my grandfather.(这座房子是我爷爷建的。
)2.3当我们要避免使用第一人称或第二人称时。
例如:Mistakes were made.(犯了错误。
)3.被动语态的注意事项:在使用被动语态时,需要注意以下几点:3.1表示动作的动词要用过去分词形式。
过去分词的形式有规律变化和不规律变化两种。
如:- 规律变化:原形 + ed,例如:played, watched, called- 不规律变化:需要记忆,例如:born, written, eaten3.2被动句的主语是动作的承受者,通常出现在句子的前面。
如:- 主动语态:I cooked dinner.(我做了晚饭。
)- 被动语态:Dinner was cooked by me.(晚饭是我做的。
)3.3 不及物动词不能构成被动语态。
不及物动词没有宾语,因此不能强调动作的承受者。
【英语】动词被动语态知识点总结及经典习题(含答案)一、动词被动语态1.Mr.Green _____ to sing an English song at the party and he sang well.A. was invitedB. invitedC. is invitedD. invites【答案】 A【解析】【分析】主语Mr.Green是动词invite的承受者,结合sang可知表达的是过去的事情用一般过去时的被动语态was/were+过去分词,主语Mr.Green故was,故答案是A.2.Look at the flowers on both sides of the streets. They____ last month.A. were plantedB. are plantedC. are plantingD. were planting【答案】 A【解析】【分析】句意:看街道两边的花,它们在上个月种植的。
A.一般过去时的被动语态;B.一般现在时的被动语态;C.现在进行时;D.过去进行时。
主语they是动作plant的承受者,所以用被动语态,根据last month,可知用一般过去时的被动语态,结构是was/were +动词过去分词,主语they是复数,所以用were,plant的过去分词是planted,故答案选A。
【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态,注意识记其结构及动词过去分词。
3.The city is a greener city now because many trees ______ every year.A. were plantedB. are plantedC. will be plantedD. was planted【答案】 B【解析】【分析】句意:因为每年栽许多树,城市更加绿了。
A. were planted一般过去时态的被动语态;B. are planted一般现在时态的被动语态;C. will be planted一般将来时态的被动语态;D. was planted一般过去时态的被动语态。
动词被动语态知识点总结复习及练习测试题一、动词被动语态1.Look at the picture. The top five TV plays ________ in it.A. listB. are listedC. will listD. will be listed【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意:看这张图片,最好的五个电视剧在上面列出了。
The top five TV plays应该是被列出来的,用被动语态被+过去分词;由“Look at the picture”得知是一般现在时,因此为一般现在时的被动语态,故答案选B。
【点评】考查动词的时态和语态。
注意主语与谓语动词之间的关系。
2. When you ______ a difficult task, try to continue with it and finish it.A. giveB. are givingC. gaveD. are given【答案】 D【解析】【分析】本题考查被动语态。
句意:“当你被给一项艰巨的任务时,试图继续做并完成它。
”give sb. sth.改成被动语态是sb be given sth.;根据语境,故选D。
3.—Do you know when and where the 24 Winter Olympic Games___________?—In Beijing and Zhangjiakou, in 2022.A. is heldB. will be heldC. will hold【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意:—你知道24届冬奥会什么时候在哪里举行吗?—2022年在北京和张家口。
根据in 2022.可知是一般将来时态。
冬奥会被举办,the 24 Winter Olympic Games和hold之间是被动关系,所以用被动语态,will be+过去分词,故选B。
【点评】考查一般将来时的被动语态。
根据语境中时间状语以及动词和主语的关系确定时态和语态。
英语被动语态用法总结(完整)一、单项选择被动语态1.This kind of cloth_______well and large quantities of the cloth ________.A.is sold;have been soldC.sells;have been sold【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动词的时态语态。
句意:这种布销路很好,已售出大量。
XXX等词在表示事物的状态、特点时,可以用主动表被动,因此第一个空应选sells;第二空表示“出售,卖”的动作,用被动语态,且强调对现在的影响应该用现在完成时态,故正确答案为C。
B.is sold; has been soldD.sells ; has been sold2.XXX us that the future to the well-educated.A.belonging【答案】B【剖析】考查短语:XXX属于,没有进行时态没有被动语态。
故答案选B。
XXX of each country should be by its own people.A.elected B.settledXXX【答案】B【剖析】考察动词。
句意为:列国是务应由本人国家的人们办理。
由句意可知,选settle,意为“办理”。
elect选举;develop开展;contain包罗,控制。
故选B。
4.XXX, the XXX ______ XXX.A.has discovered B.has been discoveredXXX【答案】D【剖析】句意:在东京进行的颁奖典礼上,科学家们诧异于科学手艺的发现。
科学家们感到诧异是过去式,故科学手艺发现用过去完成时,what于动词discover是被动干系,故选D。
5.The new library ________; it will be open next year.A.had been built B.was builtC.was being built D.is being built【谜底】D【剖析】考察时态和语态。
被动语态1.概念: 动词语态(Voice)是表示句子主语与谓语动词之间关系的一种动词形式。
动词语态有两种:主动语态(The Active Voice)和被动语态(The Passive Voice)。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者(既主动语态的宾语是被动语态的主语)。
2.被动语态的构成式:be+过去分词主动语态的宾语在被动语态中作主语We study English. English is studied by us.3.各种时态的被动语态4.何时使用被动语态呢?(1)行为主体不明确,不必说出或者无法说出动作的执行者时。
Football is played all over the world.(2)不易找到或根本就不可能找到动作的执行者时。
My bike was stolen.(3)汉语中含有“据说”、“据悉”、“有人说”、“大家说”等时。
It is said that one day he climbed to the top of a house.It was reported that her mother died of SARS.众所周知……It is well known that…据推测说……It is supposed that…(4)汉语中含有“被”、“由”等词时。
Tina is asked to come by Paul.(5)某些句子习惯上用被动语态。
He was born in October, 1989.5.一般将来时的被动语态结构:will be done will not be done1.The 2008 Olympics will be held in Beijing, China.6.一般将来时被动语态的谓语主要有三种构成形式:①shall / will(shall主要用于第一人称,will可用于各种人称)+ be + 及物动词的过去分词②am / is / are + going to + ____+及物动词的过去分词③am / is / are + ________ +及物动词的过去分词。
初中被动语态知识点归纳与总结初中被动语态知识点归纳与总结一、被动语态的定义和构成被动语态是英语中的一种语态,表示主语是动作的承受者。
其构成为“be+过去分词”,其中“be”的形式根据时态不同而有所变化。
例如:- 现在时:am/is/are + 过去分词- 过去时:was/were + 过去分词- 现在完成时:have/has been + 过去分词- 过去完成时:had been + 过去分词二、被动语态的用法1. 强调动作的承受者而不是执行者。
例如:- The cake was made by my mom.(蛋糕是我妈做的。
)2. 当执行者不确定或无需明确时。
例如:- The window was broken.(窗户破了。
)3. 当执行者已知但无需强调时。
例如:- The book was written by Mark Twain.(这本书是马克·吐温写的。
)4. 在科学、新闻报道等中常用被动语态。
例如:- The new drug has been tested on animals.(这种新药已经在动物身上进行了测试。
)三、被动语态与主动语态的转换1. 主动变被动:将主语改为宾语,动词变为过去分词,加上适当的助动词。
例如:- 主动:My mom made the cake.(我妈做了蛋糕。
)- 被动:The cake was made by my mom.(蛋糕是我妈做的。
)2. 被动变主动:将宾语改为主语,去掉助动词,将过去分词变为一般现在时。
例如:- 被动:The cake was made by my mom.(蛋糕是我妈做的。
)- 主动:My mom makes the cake.(我妈做蛋糕。
)四、被动语态的注意事项1. 被动语态只能用于及物动词。
例如:- 正确:The book was read by me.(这本书被我读了。
)- 错误:I was slept last night.(昨晚我被睡觉了。
被动语态总结及练习复习提要1.语态英语动词有两种语态,即主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
例如:Many people speak Chinese. (speak的动作是由主语many people来执行)Chinese by many people. (主语Chinese是动词speak的承受者)2.被动词态的构成:be+done(+by sb.)(人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来)一般现在时:一般过去时:一般将来时:现在进行时:am/is/are being+done过去进行时:was/were being+done现在完成时:有情态动词:3. 使用被动语态应注意的几个问题:(1). 不及物动词和个别动词短语无被动语态,如happen、(发生)、appear、disappear(消失)、(出版)、hold(容纳)、(属于)、What will happen in 100 years?The dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago.(2). 用主动表示被动。
①如sell(销售),wash(洗),clean(打扫),burn(燃烧),cook(煮),ride (骑),write(写)等与副词如well(好),easily(容易地)等连用,描会事物的特性,结构是主语+动词+副词。
例如:The book sells well. 这种书很畅销。
These clothes easily.A. are washedB. are washingC. washD. washingThe pen well.A. writeB. writesC. is writtenD. written②感官性动词feel ,look ,smell ,sound ,tasteThe flowers look very beautiful.(3). 感官动词或使役动词使用省略to的动词不定式,主动语态中不带to ,但变为被动语态时,to要还原。
例:make sb. do sth. →sb.+ be +made to do sth.see sb do sth. →sb. +be +seen to do sth.①A girl saw my wallet drop when she passed by. →My wallet was seen to drop by a girl when she passed by.②The boss made the little boy do heavy work.→The little boy.(4).一些动词短语用于被动语态时,动词短语应当看作一个整体,其中介词或副词不能落掉。
We can’t laugh at him. →He can’t be laugh ed at by us.He listens to the radio every day. →The radio is listened to by him every day.The nurse took good care of the sick man.→ .习题一、把下列句子变成被动语态。
1. We should plant more trees.2. You must hand in your composition before Monday.3. You can bring your friends to my birthday party tomorrow evening.4. I read the newspaper everyday.5. The scientists have sent up another man-made satellite into space.6. He is going to give a talk next month.7. He didn’t water the flowers yesterday.8. The workers are building a bridge in the village.二、选择题。
1. The young man was badly hurt. He to the hospital at once.A. must sendB. sentC. is sentD. must be sent2. The children by Granny.A. are taken good careB. be taken good care ofC. were taken good careD. were taken good care of3. ---The tower is the tallest building in the city. --- from here?A. Can it seenB. Can it be seenC. Can see itD. Can it being seen4. The lab about five years ago.A. was buildedB. was builtC. buildsD. has been built5. A lot of tall buildings in his hometown in the last three years.A. have set upB. have been set upC. were set upD. set up6. The telephone had been ring for two minutes before it .A. answeredB. was answeredC. were set upD. set up7. This book next Monday.A. may be finishedB. finishC. finishesD. may finished8. He by the teachers.A. is always praisedB. praisedC. have been praisedD. always is praised9. Good books again and again.A. should be readedB. should be readC. must readD. ought to read10.He some pieces of advice, but he to them.A. gave; didn’t listenB. was given; wasn’t listenC. give; wasn’t listenedD. was given; didn’t listen11.When the accident ?A. was; happenB. did; happenC. is; happenD. was; happened12.The question by us soon.A. is going to discussB. will discussC. is going to be discussedD. has been discussed13.The surface of the table smooth enough.A. hasn’t feltB. doesn’t feelC. isn’t feelingD. isn’t felt14.Paper first in China.A. is; inventedB. was; inventedC. was; inventD. has; invented15.This English song often by the children.A. is; singingB. is; sungC. will; singD. was; sung16.When the People’s Republic of China ?A. was; foundB. was; foundedC. did; foundD. does; found17.This kind of tractors everywhere in China.A. is able to seeB. are able to seeC. have seenD. can be seen18.A talk on science in our school next Monday.A. will giveB. will be givenC. has givenD. has been given19.Mr. Li, you on the phone.A. were wantedB. are wantedC. are being wantedD. will be wanted20.The river smells terrible. People must dirty things into it.A. be stopped to throwB. stop from throwingC. stop to throwD. be stopped from throwing21.The glass . It by little Tom this morning.A. broke; is brokenB. is broken; was brokenC. stop to throwD. be stopped from throwing22.---Have you moved into the new house? ---Not yet. Rooms .A. are being paintedB. are paintingC. are paintedD. are being painting23.These kinds of shoes well.A. were not soldB. won’t be soldC. are not soldD. don’t sell24.I the way to the railway station by a policeman.A. was shownB. showedC. have shownD. was showing25.The food _____ easily and sells _____.A. cooks ;wellB. is cooking;goodC. is cooked;wellD. cooked;good26. the work yet?A. Is; finishedB. Will; be finishedC. Has; been finishedD. Would; be finished27.They day and night.A. are made to workB. are made to workC. made to be workedD. are making work28.This kind of cars in Japan ten years ago.A. can only be madeB. could only madeC. be could only madeD. could only be made29.A strange thing in our school yesterday.A. was happenedB. has been happenedC. happenedD. was going to happen30.Oh, the milk strange. Do you think it’s OK to drink?A. was tastedB. tastedC. is tastingD. tastes。