高中英语选修8
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外研版高中英语选修8单元语法篇一:(人教版必修1-选修8)高中英语各单元知识点及占分比归纳必修二必修三选修八篇二:人教版高中英语必修一至选修八各单元的语法条目语法目录篇三:高中外研版英语教材选修8课文Module 1Antarctica:the last continent1______________________________Antarctica is the coldest place on Earth. It’s also the driest. With annual rainfall close to zero, Antarctica is technically a desert. Covering about 14 million square kilometres around the South Pole, it is the fifth largest continent in the world. A high mountain range, the Trans-Antarctic range, runs from east to west, cutting the continent in two. There are volcanoes too, but they are not very active. Antarctica holds 90% of the world’s ice, and most of its fresh water (70%) is in a frozen state, of course. 98% of the surface is covered permanently in the icecap. On average it is two kilometres thick, but in some places it reaches a depth of fivekilometres.Strong winds driven by gravity blow from the pole to the coastline, while other winds blow round the coast. It is difficult to imagine a more inhospitable place.2______________________________Yet Antarctica is full of wildlife, which has adapted to its extreme conditions.There are different types of penguins, flying birds, seals, and whales. But the long Antarctic winter night, which lasts for 182 days (the longest period of continuous darkness on earth), as well as the extreme cold and lack of rainfall, means that few types of plants can survive there. Only two types of flowering plants are found, while there are no trees on the large continent. The rest of the plants are made up of mosses, algae and lichen. Some forms of algae have adapted to grow on ice.3______________________________Most of the ice has been there for thousands of years. As a result, it has bee a window on the past, and can give researchers lots of useful information. Gases and minerals, in the form of volcanic dust trapped in the ice, can tell us a lot about what the worlds climate was like in past ages. Antarctic rocks are also very important for research. Most of them are meteorites from outer space. One rock, known us the “Alien” rock, may contain evidence of extra-terrestrial life.Since most Antarctic rocks arc dark in colour, they stand out against the while background and are easy to identify and collect.4______________________________Antarctica was the last continent to be discovered.But more than two thousand years ago Greek geographers believed that there was a large land mass in the south which balanced the land in the north. They called it Anti-Arktikos, or Antarctica: the opposite of Arctic. When Europeans discovered the continent of America in the 15th century, the great age of exploration began. However, progress to the South Pole was slow. Notuntil the late 18th century did the British explorer James Cook cross the Antarctic Circle, but he never saw land. Then in 1895, a Norwegian called Carstens Borchgrevink became the first man to set foot on the Antarctic mainland. The race to the pole had begun. It was finally reached on 11th December, 1911 by the Norwegian Roald Amundsen.5______________________________Today scientists from many countries travel to Antarctica to study its resources. A spirit of international friendship has replaced the rivalry that existed between many of the earlier explorers. In 1961, a treaty signed by 12 countries, including Britain, France, and the USA, made Antarctica the world's biggest nature reserve. The aim of the treaty is to prevent the mercial and military use of the continent.In particular, it aims to keep Antarctica free from nuclear tests and radioactive waste; to promote international scientific projects; and to end arguments about who owns the land. Today countries representing 80% of the world’s population havesigned the treaty. Antarctica has bee perhaps the most successful symbol of man’s effort s to work togetherfor progress and peace.How Failure Became SuccessOn 8th August, 1914,27 men who had replied to an advertisement in The Times boarded a ship leaving for the Antarctic. The name of the ship was the Endurance and the captain was an Irishman called Ernest Shackleton.The aim of the journey was to cross the frozen continent via the South Pole-a journey of 1,800 miles. Shackleton thought the journey would last six months. But when land came into sight, the Endurance became trapped in the ice and began to break up. Shackleton and his men watched the Endurance sink into the icy sea. They then headed north, pulling three lifeboats behind them.After six days, bad weather forced them to give up and the men set up camp on a sheet of ice which began slowly moving across the Antarctic Circle.They survived on the ice for five months. Then, on16th April, 1915,Shackleton saw land. It was Elephant Island-a large rock with nothing growing on it, butmuch better than a floating piece of ice. When they reached the island, Shackleton came up with an idea-it was a risk but he would have to take it. He andfive men would take one of the lifeboats, and sail 800 miles to South Georgia, where there was a permanent camp. They could then return to rescue the rest of the men.It took Shackleton 17 days to reach South Georgia. Unfortunately he landed on the wrong side of the island, and had to walk 36 hours over mountains to reach the camp. The whale hunters at the campcouldn’t believe their eyes when they saw the si x men walking down from the mountains.Shackleton kept his promise. More than three months later, he returned to ElephantIsland to rescue the crew he had been forced to abandon. He had failed to reach the pole-but he had saved the lives of all his men.Wele to the South Poles!South Poles? How many are there?In fact, there are three South Poles: a ceremonial Pole ,which is on the moving glacier, a geographical or true Pole, and a magnetic Pole.which changes its position according to the movement of the Earth.Is it safe?Because the South Pole is a high altitude site, the glare of the sunlight here is very intense. It’s also reflected by the snow, so if you go outside, remember to wear sunglasses and use suncream.If you don’t, there’s a severe risk that you’ll damage your eyesight or get badly sunburnt.Is it cold?Yes! Be very careful out in the open air! The temperature is between minus 21℃ in the summer and minus 78℃ in the winter, and you can bee numb with cold without realising. There’s heavy frost e ven on the warmest summer days, and if it’s quiet you can hear your breath freeze. So if you leave the station, dress warmly and carry dry clothing and a portable radio.Is there anything good about the weather?The air is very pure, and it doesn’t snow ve ry much-only about four millimetres a year. There’s verylittle wind and the sky is usually clear. It’s possibly the calmest place on Earth.What’s it like to live here?Life is quite abnormal. Suise and sunset e once every six months, and in the winter the total absence of daylight can be tiresome, and for some, depressing. We’re totally isolated except for radio andelectronic munications, as no aircraft can fly herefor about eight months.Where do we live?The South Pole scientific station is situated on a platform of ice, 3,000-4,000 metres high, but under only a few millimetres of snow. We have a minimum of 28 peopleliving here in the winter and a maximum of 125 in the summer. The living quarters are modest with few luxuries,but cosy.There’s a forta ble dormitory for sleeping ,the canteen serves great food, and there's a well-stocked library of DVDs and videos. But showers and laundry are limited, because water is very valuable. We discourage you from smoking except in specific areas. Medical assistance is available in case of an emergency.Any other advice?Remember that conventional equipment doesn’t always work as it should do. If you use an electric drill, the power cord will snap. Photography is tricky too, as film is fragile and the camera batter y doesn’t work in the cold.Don’t leave any rubbish, and don’t forget that the ecology of Antarctica is very delicate, so don’t take any souvenirs home with you, and be careful to leave nothing but footprints.Finally, remember that we’re all visitors to t he South Pole. It’s a privilege, not a right to e tothis extraordinary place.TheTravels of MarcoPoloThe year is 1271 AD. Imagine a 17- year-old boy from Venice, Italy, well- educated and trained for life as a rich trader. He sets off with his father and uncle on a 25-year journey to mysterious, distant lands that most people in Europe have never heard of. While on their journey buying and selling spices, silks and jewels, they befriend one of the most powerful men on Earth, Kubla Khan.The boy’s name was Marco Polo and many years later a book about his travels was published which made him famous. Marco Polo told his fantastic stories to a writer named Rustichello who wrote them down for him. This man was well- known for his stories and romantic tales of the legendary English King Arthur, but so many people doubted the reliability of his book The Travels of Marco Polo. However, Chinese historians have found obscure names and facts in the book that could only have been known to someone intimate with the country.Many of Marco’s stories were about China and its people. He told stories about the towns, cities and populations in great detail. He described the amazing things he saw in China such as paper money and black stone that burned (coal). With very littlecontact between China and the West, it is not surprising that people in a rich powerful place like Venice could not believe his stories, nor in the ideaof huge, rich city states inhabited by millions of people. There could surely be no parison with Venice?A general myth has grown up around Marco Polo that he introduced such things as spaghetti and ice cream from China to the West. There is no truth to any of these claims and actually they are not mentioned in Marco Polo’s book.However, Marco Polo’s book is still a unique insight for its age. Most importantly it was a great influence for many future travellers.Christopher Columbus left behind a well- worn copy that he read as inspirationon his own voyages to America.Last Part of Journey for First Women to Cross Antarctica1___________________The first two women to cross the Antarctic continenton foot have begun the last part of their long journey. Liv Arnesen, who is 47 and es from Norway, and Ann Bancroft, who is a 45-year-old from the USA, have been skiing across the ice since 13th November. They have been using sails to help them pull their equipment, which weighs 110 kilos, behind them.2__________________On Sunday they reached the Ross Ice Shelf, 90 daysafter they first left home. The Ross Ice Shelf is aflat piece of floating ice which is bigger than France. There are 750 kilometres of dangerous ice left tocross before they reach McMurdo Station. They must arrive there by 22nd February in order to board the ship which will be waiting for them. If they are late, the ship risks being trapped in the ice.3_________________。
选修8黎巨森、蒋茹、罗培芳、罗丽霞Unit 1 A land of diversityPeriod 1 ReadingTeaching goalsEnable the students to talk about things about the USA.Help the students learn the huge diversity of races and cultures in America, especially in California.Teaching important and difficult pointsLearn the huge diversity of races and cultures in California.Teaching methodsFast and careful reading; asking and answering activity; individual, pair or group work. Teaching aidsA map, a blackboard and a computerTeaching proceduresStep 1 Warming up.Ask the students to describe what they learn about the USA.Ask the students to tell things about California including its location, size, population, economy, history etc. What do you learn about CaliforniaShow the students some pictures and encourage students not only to say what each picture is about but how each one relates to California.Step 3 Fast readingRead through the passage and get the main idea.Reading comprehension.Ask the students the following questions:When you look at the title, what so you think of2) Why is the USA called a melting potStep 4 Detail readingBeside each cultural group , write the period in which they first came to California in large numbers.Step 5 After readingWhy is California in the 21st century such a multicultural community (Using 3 or 4 sentences to explain. )Step 6 HomeworkFinish “Learning about language〞on page 4.Period 2 Extensive ReadingTeaching aims: 1. Improve Ss’ ability of reading2. 德育目的:理解美国多元文化,进一步培育学生跨文化交际意识,为终身学习奠定良好根底。
英语选修8单词表1. 自然灾害●地震 earthquake●海啸 tsunami●洪水 flood●飓风 hurricane●暴风雨 storm●雪崩 avalanche●干旱 drought2. 未来科技●人工智能 AI●机器人技术 robotics●虚拟现实 VR●增强现实 AR●纳米技术 nanotechnology●量子计算 quantum computing●生物技术 biotechnology3. 文化冲突●文化差异 cultural diversity●文化融合 cultural blending●文化冲突 cultural conflict●文化同化 cultural assimilation●文化独立 cultural autonomy●跨文化交流 cross-cultural communication4. 全球变暖●温室气体 greenhouse gas●二氧化碳 carbon dioxide●全球变暖 global warming●气候变化 climate change●极端天气 extreme weather event●可持续发展 sustainable development●可再生能源 renewable energy5. 太空探索●天体宇宙 astrophysics●行星 planet●卫星 satellite●太空探测器 space probe●火箭发射 rocket launch●国际空间站 International Space Station (ISS)●月球登陆 moon landing6. 健康饮食●营养学 nutrition●卡路里 calorie●蛋白质 protein●碳水化合物 carbohydrate●脂肪 fat●纤维素 fiber●有机食品 organic food●素食主义 vegetarianism7. 环境保护●自然保护区 nature reserve●水污染 water pollution●大气污染 air pollution●土壤污染 soil pollution●有害废物 hazardous waste●绿色能源 green energy (solar, wind, etc.)●可回收废弃物 recyclable waste●垃圾分类 garbage sorting and recycling8. 经济发展●经济危机 economic crisis (recession, depression)●国际贸易 international trade (tariff, import, export)●发展中国家 developing country (DC) /发达国家 developed country (DC)●经济全球化 economic globalization (outsourcing, offshoring)●市场 economy market economy (microeconomics, macroeconomics)。
人教版高中英语选修8单词Unit 1△California 加利福尼亚(州)△Californian 加利福尼亚(州)人△illustrate vt. 说明;阐明distinct adj. 清楚的;明显的;明确的distinction n. 差别;区分;卓著△immigrant n. (从外国移入的)移民live on 继续存在;继续生存strait n. 海峡△Bering 白令海峡Arctic adj. 北极的;北极区的the Arctic 北极means n. 手段;方法by means of… 用……办法;借助……△prehistoric adj. 史前的majority n. 大多数;大半ministry n. (政府的)部;(全体)牧师;牧师的职责Catholic adj. 天主教的n.天主教徒△Alaska n. 阿拉斯加(州)△San Francisco n. 圣弗朗西斯科(也称旧金山)△adventurer n. 冒险家make a life 习惯于新的生活方式、工作等△despite prep. 尽管;不管hardship n. 苦难;困苦elect vt. 选择;决定做某事;选举某人federal adj. 联邦制的;联邦政府的rail n. 铁路;扶手;(护栏的)横条percentage n. 比例;百分率△Los Angeles n. 洛杉矶Italy n. 意大利Italian n. 意大利人;意大利语adj.意大利人的;意大利语的Denmark n. 丹麦(北欧国家)keep up 坚持;维持;沿袭(风俗、传统等)△Hollywood n. 好莱坞;美国电影业boom n.(人口、贸易的)繁荣vi.处在经济迅速发展时期aircraft n. 飞行器;航空器;飞机△Cambodian n. 柬埔寨人;柬埔寨语Korea n. 韩国;朝鲜Korean n. 韩国/朝鲜人;朝鲜/韩语adj.韩国(人/语)的;朝鲜(人/语)的Pakistan n. 巴基斯坦Pakistani adj. 巴基斯坦(人)的n.巴基斯坦人△immigrate vi. 移入(外国定居)immigration n. 移民;移居入境racial adj. 人种的;种族的crossing n.横渡;横越;十字路口;人行横道vice n.& adj. 代理;副职nephew n. 侄子;外甥pole n. 地极;电极;磁极applicant n. 申请人customs n. 海关;关税;进口税socialist n. 社会主义者;社会党人adj.社会主义者的socialism n. 社会主义occur vi. 发生;出现cattle n. 牛(总称)△Hispanic n.(美)讲西班牙语的美国人indicate vt. 指出;指示;表白;暗示back to back 背靠背luggage n. 行李(<美>baggage)shave vt.& vi.(shaved; shaved, shaven)刮;剃△cable n. 缆绳;绳索;电缆△cable car 缆车;(美)有轨缆车△Andrew Hallidie 安德鲁•海利迪tram n. (有轨)电车apparent adj. 显而易见的;显然的;表面上的apparently adv. 显然地;显而易见地brake n. 闸;刹车;制动器Vi.& vt.刹(车);用制动器减速conductor n. (公车)售票员;列车员;(乐队)指挥slip vi. 滑动;滑行;滑跤n.滑动;滑倒△wharf n. 码头bakery n. 面包房;面包厂ferry n. 渡船;渡口vt.摆渡;渡运△Angel Island 天使岛team up with 与……合作或一起工作hire vt.& n. 租用;雇用△fascinating adj. 迷人的;吸引人的mark out 划线;标出……界线seagull n. 海鸥take in 涉及;吸取angle n. 角;角度a great/good many 许多;很多apply for 申请;请示得到nowhere adv. 无处;到处都无△miserable adj. 痛苦的;悲惨的punishment n. 处罚;处罚justice n. 公正;公平mourn vt.& vi. 哀悼;哀悼;表达悲痛civil adj. 公民的;国内的;民间的authority n. 权威;权力(pl)当局;官方reform vt.& vi. 改革;革新n.改革;改造;改良grasp vt.& n. 抓住;抓紧;掌握;领略△thoughtful adj.关切的;体贴的;深思的thankful adj. 感激的;感谢的insert vt. 插入;嵌入Unit 2differ vi. 不同;相异exact adj. 精确的;准确的△cutting n. 剪枝;剪报;剪纸twin n. 双胞胎之一;孪生儿之一adj.成对的;成双的△identical adj. 同一的;一模同样的commercial adj. 商业的;贸易的straightforward adj. 简朴的;直接的;坦率的△complicated adj. 复杂的;难懂的undertake vt.(undertook, undertaken)着手;从事;承担pay off 得到好结果;取得成功;偿清breakthrough n. 突破procedure n. 程序;环节;手续△nucleus n. 原子核;中心△somatic adj. 躯体的;肉体的;细胞体的△embryo n. 胚;胚胎;萌牙时期carrier n. 携带者;搬运工;运送工具cast vt.(cast, cast) 扔;投;掷cast down 沮丧;不快乐altogether adv. 总共;完全地arbitrary adj. 任意的△fate n. 命运;天命correction n. 改正;纠正;修正object vi. 反对;不赞成objection n. 不赞成;反对;异议△impact n. 撞击;冲击;巨大的影响medium n. 媒介;手段;工具the media 大众传播媒体(如电视、报纸等)obtain vt. 获得;赢得attain vt. 获得;到达(水平、年龄、状况等)moral adj. 道德(上)的;伦理的conservative adj. 保守的;守旧的forbid vt.(forbade,forbad; forbidden)严禁;不准accumulate vt. 积累;聚保in favour of 赞成;支持side road 旁路;支线;岔道(<美>sidewalk) constitution n. 宪法;章程compulsory adj. 必须做的;义务的;逼迫的;强制的opera n. 歌剧;歌剧团;歌剧院chorus n. 合唱;合唱队loaf n. 一条(面包)flour n. 面粉owe vt. 欠(账、钱、人情等);归功于……shortly adv. 立刻;不久retire vi. 退休;离开bother vt. 打扰vi.操心n.烦扰(be) bound to (do) 一定或注定(做)……assumption n. 假定;设想regulation n. 规则;规章;法规△nonsense n. 乱说;无稽之谈;废话△popularity n. 受人爱慕;流行△Jurassic Park 侏罗纪公园(美国电影名)strike vi & vt.(struck, struck)打;撞击;罢工strike…into one’s heart 使……刻骨铭心△bison n. 北美或欧洲野牛△calf n. 小牛;牛犊from time to time 不时;偶尔bring back to life 使复生;使复活initial adj. 最初的;开始的△DNA 脱氧核糖核酸vain adj. 虚荣的;自负的;徒劳的in vain 白费力气;枉费心机resist vt. 抵抗;对抗drawback n. 缺陷;不利条件merely adv. 仅;只;但是△restore vt. 恢复;使恢复原状;重建△aurochs n. 原牛(古欧洲野牛, 已灭)decoration n. 装饰unable adj. 不能的;不会的△great auk n. 大海雀(已灭绝)feather n. 羽毛△quagga n. 白氏斑马(已灭绝)△fairly adv. 公平地;相本地in good/poor condition 状况很好(坏);turkey n. 火鸡△dye vt. 给……染色;染n.染色剂claw n. 爪;脚爪adore vt. 崇敬;爱慕;爱慕hatch vt.& vi. 孵出;孵卵;孵化reasonable adj. 合情理的;讲道理的;公道的Unit 3△amphibious adj. 两栖(类)的△George Stephenson 乔治•斯蒂芬森(英国发明家, 蒸汽机的发明人)patent n. 专利证书;专利权call up 给……打电话courtyard n. 院子;庭院;天井now and then 偶尔;有时walnut n. 胡桃;胡桃木distinguish vi.& vt. 显示……的差别;使……有所不同;辨别merciful adj. 宽敞的;仁慈的;慈悲的product n. 产品powder n. 粉末;火药set about 开始;着手perfume n. 香水;香味stainless adj.无锈的;不锈的: 没有污点的△jelly n. 果冻;果冻状物cube n. 立方体;立方cubic adj. 立方的abrupt adj. 忽然的;意外的abruptly adv. 忽然地;唐突地convenient adj. 便利的;方便的;就近的caution n. 小心;谨慎expectation n. 预料;期待;盼望passive adj. 被动的;悲观的;被动语态的merry adj. 快乐的;快乐的merrily adv. 快乐地;快乐地seize vt. 抓住;捉住;夺△recognition n. 认出;认可;认可criterion n. (评判的)标准;尺度△claim n.& vt. 规定;声称;主张valid adj. 有效的;确凿的file n. 文献;档案;文献夹vt.提交;将……归档ripe adj. 熟的;成熟的string n. 线;绳子;一串glue n. 胶;胶水vt.粘贴;粘合△rod n. 杆;棒freezing adj. 冰冻的;严寒的greengrocer n. 果蔬商(pl)蔬菜水果店identification n. 鉴定;辨认;拟定;身份证明directory n. 电话簿;商行名录dial vt. 拨(电话)rainfall n. 降雨△courtroom n. 法庭;审判室innocent adj. 清白的;无罪的;天真的lantern n. 灯笼;提灯bear vt. 忍受;忍耐;承担jam n. 堵塞;阻塞;果酱△Alexander Graham亚历山大•格雷厄姆•贝尔△microphone n. 麦克风;话筒forehead n. 额头beaten track 被踩出来的路;常规;惯例△occasionally adv. 偶尔地;不时地dive into 迅速把手伸入;一心投入dynamic adj. 充满活力的;精力充沛的;动态的;发展变化的set out (to do) 开始(做)△multiple adj.多种的;多样的;多类型的n.倍数△Morse 莫尔斯电码dot n. 点;小圆点vt.以小圆点标出;分散tap vt. 轻打;轻拍;轻敲n.轻轻地敲击(声);(水)龙头wire n. 金属丝;电线straw n. 稻草;麦秆;饮料吸管△reproduce vt. 复制;再现……的形象或声音current n. (水或气)流;电流adj.现在的;当前的helicopter n. 直升飞机triangle n. 三角形;三角形物体△tetrahedron n. 四周体stable adj. 稳固的;稳定的;安定的△invaluable adj. 无价的;极宝贵的associate vt. 联想;联系n.同伴;伙伴practical adj. 实际的;实践的;实用的△James Dyson 詹姆斯•戴森(英国发明家)refrigerator n. 冰箱court n. 法庭;法院;朝廷extension n. 电话分机;扩大;延伸hang on 不挂断;稍等;紧紧握住out of order 顺序颠倒;发生故障get through 设法联系上(尤指打通电话);(设法)做完;通过ring back 回复电话ring off 挂断电话version n. 版本;译本competence n. 能力;胜利;本领△competent n. 能胜任的;有能力的;称职的jeep n. 吉普车personnel n. 人力资源;人事部;全体人员Unit 4△Pygmalion n. 皮格马利翁(希腊神话)△George Bernard Shaw 乔治•伯纳德•萧adaptation n. 适应(性);改编本classic adj. 经典的;第一流的n.经典著作caption n. (图片上的)说明文字;(电视、电影)字幕;(杂志等文章的)标题;韪plot n. 情节;诡计professor n. 专家△Higgins 希金斯(姓)△phonetics n. 语音学△colonel n. (陆军)上校△Pickering 皮克林(姓)△fateful adj. 重要的;决定性的;命中注定的whistle vi. 吹口哨;发出汽笛声n.口哨声;汽笛声garment n.(一件)衣服(外套、裙、袍等)(pl)服装woollen adj.毛纺的;纯毛的(<美>woolen)hesitate vi. 踌躇;踌躇uncomfortable adj. 不舒适的;不安的;不自在的uncomfortably adv.不舒适的;不自在地troublesome adj.带来麻烦的;使人心烦的wallet n. 皮夹;钱包outsome n. 结果;效果thief n. 小偷;贼handkerchief n. 手帕;手绢;纸巾△disguise vt. 伪装;假扮;遮掩n.伪装△in disguise 伪装(的);假扮(的)mistaken adj. (见解或判断上)错误的;不对的的brilliant adj. 光辉灿烂的;杰出的;才华横溢的classify vt. 编排;分类;归类remark n. 谈论;言论;评述vt.& vi.谈论;评论;说起betray vt. 显露出(本来面目);背叛upper adj. (位置或地位)较高的;级别较高的extraordinary adj. 不同寻常的;非凡的condemn vi. 谴责;使……注定△gutter n. 排水沟;阴沟;贫民区properly adv. 适本地;恰本地pass…off as… (把某人)改变或冒充成……△duchess n. 公爵夫人;女公爵ambassador n. 大使;使节acquaintance n. 相识;了解;熟人make one’s acquaintance 结识;与……相见handful n. 一把;少量△amazement n. 惊讶;惊愕△in amazement 震惊;惊讶fortune n. 机会;运气;大笔的钱authentic adj. 真实的;真正的;可信的;可靠的generally speaking 一般来说status n. 身份;地位;职位superior adj. 优秀的;较高的;上级的n.上级;长官in terms of… 就……来说;从……角度△disapprove vt.& vi. 不赞成;反对;认为不好rob vt. 抢劫;盗窃;剥夺antique adj. 古时的;(因古老、稀少而)珍贵的n.文物;古董;古玩musical adj. 音乐的;爱慕音乐的n.音乐喜剧stocking n. 长袜△believer n. 信徒;教徒Buddhism n. 佛教△Buddhist n. 佛教徒adj.佛教的△Buddha n. 佛△vowel n. 元音;元音字母△Pearce 皮尔斯(姓)cookie n. 饼干teapot n. 茶壶cream n. 奶油;面霜nail n. 指甲;钉子show…in 带或领……进来wax n. 蜡;蜜蜡vt.上蜡disk n. 磁盘△wax disk 旧式唱片shabby adj. 破旧的;寒酸的△curtsy vi.(also curtsey)行屈膝礼n.(女子行的)屈膝礼△shilling n. 先令(1971年以前的英国货币单位, 旧币的12便士)referee n. 裁判员;仲裁者compromise ni.& vi. 妥协;折衷horrible adj. 可怕的;恐怖的laundry n. 洗衣店;洗衣房;(待洗的或洗好的)衣服bathtub n. 浴缸;澡盆sob vi. 啜泣;抽噎n.啜泣(声);抽噎(声)waist n. 腰;腰部;腰围vest n. 背心;内衣disgusting adj. 使人反感的;令人厌恶的once more 再一次in need of 需要……△heartily adv. 尽情地;热心地;痛快地overlook vt. 俯视;忽视;不理睬alphabet n. 字母表△effective adj. 有效的fade vi.& vt.(使)褪色;减弱;逐渐消失fade out (声音、画面)逐渐模糊;渐淡Unit 5△identify vt. 确认;辨认;鉴别alternative n. 也许的选择adj.供选择的;其他的△archaeology n.考古学(<美>archeology) △archaeological adj. 考古学的;与考古学有关的(<美>archeological) △archaeologist n. 考古学家(<美>archeologist) starvation n. 挨饿;饿死tentative adj. 试探性的;不拟定的accuracy n. 精确;准确△excavate vt. 挖掘;发掘△excavation n. 挖掘;发掘interrupt vt.& vi. 打断……发言;打岔;暂时中断或中止acute adj. 有观测力的;敏锐的;严重的;深刻的assume vt. 假定;设想regardless adv. 不管;不顾regardless of 不管;不顾mat n. 席子;垫子quilt n. 被子;棉被beast n.野兽at most 至多;最多centimetre n. 厘米(<美>centimeter) sharpen vi.& vt.(使)锋利;锋利;清楚sharpener n. 磨具;削具cut up 切碎△scrape vt. 擦净;削平;磨光△scraper n. 刮刀;刮削器ample adj. 足够的;充足的;富裕的messy adj. 凌乱的;脏的primitive adj. 原始的;远古的;简陋的△bead n. 小珠子;滴botany n. 植物学botanical adj. 植物学的;与植物学有关的analysis n. 分析seashell n. 海贝壳ripen vt.& vi. 使……成熟;成熟category n. 种类;类别;范畴significance n. 意义;意思;重要性;重要意义somehow adv. 以……方式;不知怎么地systematic adj. 有系统的;有计划的;有条理的spit vt.(spat, spit; spat, spit) 吐出(唾液、食物等)vi.吐痰delete vt. 删;删除album n. 相册;集邮册;唱片scratch n.(刮、抓、划的)痕迹;搔;挠vt.搔;抓;擦伤;刮坏academy n.学院;学会;学术团队;院校receptionist n. 接待员;招待员onion n. 洋葱kindergarten n. 幼儿园skateboard n. 滑板fed up with 受够了;饱受;厌烦yogurt n. 酸乳酷;酸奶radioactive adj. 放射性的;有辐射能的radioactivity n. 放射性division n. 分割;划分;分派;分界线BC 公元前melon n. (各种)瓜wrinkle n. 皱纹pulse vi. 强烈而有规律地跳动;搏动n.脉搏;节拍△vein n. 血管;静脉applaud vi.& vt. 鼓掌欢迎;赞赏look ahead 向前看;为将来打算howl vt.& vi. 嗥叫;叫喊;吼叫accelerate vi.& vt. 加速;促进spear n. 矛;枪arrest vt. 逮捕;吸引n.逮捕;拘留dizzy adj. 晕眩的;昏乱的;使人发晕或困惑的△eyebrow n. 眉毛△cheekbone n. 颧骨△arrowhead n. 箭头△axe n. 斧;斧子hammer n. 铁锤;锤子gay adj. 快乐的;欢快的gaily adv. 快乐地;轻松地skilful adj.有技巧的;纯熟的(<.美>skillful)date back 追溯到……punctuation n. 标点符号△worship vt.& vi. 崇敬;敬奉n.崇敬;敬神△craftsmanship n. 技艺;手艺;精工细作。
英语选修8 翻译Unit1 一个多元文化的国家加利福尼亚是美国的第三大州,而且是人口最多的州。
加州与众不同之处在于它也是美国最具多元文化的一个州,它吸引了来自世界各地的人们。
这些移民的风俗习惯以及语言在他们的新家都得以延续。
当你了解了加利福尼亚的历史后,你就不会对此感到惊讶了。
美洲土著人最早的一批人具体是在什么时候来到我们现在所知道的加利福尼亚地区的,谁也说不清楚。
然而,很可能至少在15 ,000年以前美洲土著人就住在加利福尼亚了。
科学家们认为,这些迁居者通过一条史前时代曾经存在的大陆桥穿越北极地区的白令海峡到达美洲。
欧洲人在16世纪来到这儿后,土著人遭受了极大的苦难,成千上万的人被杀害或被迫成为奴隶。
此外,欧洲人带来了疾病,使许多人染病而死,不过,还是有一些人在经历了这些恐怖时期后活下来了。
今天住在加利福尼亚的美洲土著人比任何其他州的都要多。
西班牙人在18世纪的时候,加利福尼亚是由西班牙统治的西班牙士兵最早是在1 6世纪初期来到南美洲的,他们同土著人打仗,并夺去了他们的土地。
两个世纪以后,西班牙人在南美洲的大部分地区定居下来,而且还在我们现在称之为美国的西北沿海地区住下来。
在首批移居加州的西班牙人中,大部分是宗教人士,他们的职责是向原住民传授天主教。
1821年,墨西哥人从西班牙获得了独立-加利福尼亚于是成了墨西哥的一部分。
1846年美国向墨西哥宣战,美国赢得战争胜利后,墨西哥被迫把加利福尼亚割让给美国。
但是,这个州至今仍然保留着很强的西班牙的影响。
这就是为什么今天还有40%的加利福尼亚人仍然把西班牙语作为第一或第二语言的缘故。
俄罗斯人19世纪初期,一批最初到阿拉斯加的俄罗斯猎人开始在加利福尼亚定居下来。
今天,住在圣弗朗西斯科(旧金山)及其周边地区的美籍俄罗斯人约有25,000人。
淘金矿工1848年,在美国同墨西哥开战之后不久,在加利福尼亚发现了金矿。
发财梦很快就吸引了世界各地的人。
距离最近因而来得最早的是南美洲人和美国人。
高中英语人教版选修8窈窕淑女课文翻译成正确句子(一)高中英语人教版选修8 窈窕淑女课文翻译课文一:《窈窕淑女》•窈窕淑女,君子好逑。
•易求无价宝,难得有情郎。
课文二:《Wind》•I am a wind with a warm heart.•As I go through the town, I bring people a refreshing feeling.课文三:《The Scar》•Although the scar cannot be erased, it reminds us of the sweet past.•Just like the pain in life, it makes us stronger and more resilient.课文四:《Heavenly Maiden and Fisherman》•The heavenly maiden and the fisherman fell in love deeply, but their love was hindered by the difference in their identities.•Their love story is like a beautiful dream, but sadly ends with separation.课文五:《Winter Sound》•In the cold winter, the crisp sound of footsteps is particularly clear and pleasing.•The sound creates a unique atmosphere, making winter more charming.课文六:《Our Red Cent》•With our joint efforts, we managed to raise a red cent for charity.•This little sum of money can make a big difference in someone’s life.课文七:《In Search of Justice》•The brave knight embarked on a journey in search of justice and fairness.•Along the way, he encountered numerous obstacles and tests, but he never gave up.课文八:《Wanted: A Husband》•The intelligent and independent woman in the story is in search of a suitable husband.•She hopes to find a partner who can understand and support her dreams.课文九:《The Road Less Traveled》•The road less traveled is often full of challenges and uncertainties, but it leads to extraordinary experiencesand discoveries.•Those who dare to take this path may find a different perspective on life.课文十:《The Power of Music》•Music has the power to evoke emotions and bring people together.•It can heal the soul and create a sense of unity among individuals.通过以上经典句子的整理,我们可以更好地理解和表达高中英语人教版选修8中的《窈窕淑女》这一课文内容。
高中英语选修8重点短语篇一:人教版高中英语选修8重点单词短语选修8 Unit 1 重点单词1.means. n. 手段;方法2.slavery. n. 受奴役的状态;奴隶制3.majority.n. 大多数;大半4.immigration.n. 移居入境;移民5.percentage.n. 百分比;百分率6.aircraft. n. 飞行器;航空器;飞机7.mix. vt. 混合;拌和n. 混合;结合8.mixture. n. 混合;混合状态;混合物9.nationality. n. 国籍;民族10.racial.adj. 人族的;种族的11.applicant.n. 申请人12.socialist. n. 社会主义者;社会党人adj. 社会主义的13.occur.vi. 发生;出现14.central. adj. 中心的;中央的;主要的15.indicate. vt. 指出;标示;表明;暗示16.swap.vi&vt. 交换17.apparent. adj. 显而易见的;显然的;表面上的18.apparently. adv. 显然地;显而易见的19.slip. vi. 滑动;滑行;滑跤n. 滑动;滑倒20.ferry. n. 渡船;渡口vt. 摆渡;渡运21.hire. vt&n. 租用;雇佣22.insert. vt. 插入;嵌入23.react. vi. 作出反应;回应重点短语1.by means of 用……方法;借助……2.in addition 而且3.declare war on……向……宣战4.take in 包括;吸收5.a great/good many 许多,很多6.at various times 在不同时代7. make a life (for sb.) 习惯于新的生活方式、工作等;谋生8. keep up 保持;继续9.ger/have a good view of 好好欣赏……10.team up with 与……合作或一起工作11.mark out划线;标出……界线要点探究1.means.n. 方法;手段[单复同]by all means 没问题务必; 勿论如何; 不惜一切地; 千方百计地当然可以by means of 用某办法,借助于某物by no means/not by any means决不;并没有(放于句首时,主句用部分倒装)by this means用这种方法mean to do sth 打算做某事mean doing sth意味着……2.majority.n.大多数;大半;大多The majority of damage is easy to repair.The majority of criminals are non-violent.3.mix.vt.混合,掺和;n.结合,混合(通常用单数)mix A and B 使A和B混合起来mix sth./sb. Up 弄错,弄乱;搞错mixed feelings 纷扰或矛盾的感情mixed doubles 混合双打mixture.n. 混合;混合物4.occur.vi. 发生;出现;存在it occurs/occurred to sb. to do sth. 某人想到干谋事it occurs/occurred to sb. that某人突然想起谋事5.indicate.vt.指出;标示;表明,暗示indicate that…示意,表明6.hire.vt.& n.租用,雇佣←→fire 解雇7.insert.vt.n.插入、放入、置入8.react.vi.反应;react to sb./sth 对某人/某时物作出反应、回应reaction. n. 反应;回应9. take over接管;接收take up 继续,占用(时间/空间);开始做,开始从事10.a great many 许多,大量的11.It is likely that………什么是可能的选修8 Unit 2 重点单词1. differ vi. 不同:相异2. exact adj. 准确的,精确的:精密的3. commercial adj.商业的:贸易的4. straightforward adj. 简单的:直接的:坦率的5. undertake vt. 着手:从事:承担6. breakthough n. 突破7. disturbing adj. 烦扰的8. arbitrary adj. 任意的9. altogether adv. 总共:完全地10. object vi. 不赞成:反对11. moral adj. 道德上的:伦理的12. forbid vt. 禁止:不准13. accumulate vt. 积累:聚积14. shortly adv. 立刻:不久15. bother v./n. 打扰:操心/烦扰16. assumption n. 假定:设想17. regulation n. 规则:规章:法规18. extinct adj. 灭绝的:绝种的19. resist vt. 抵抗:对抗20. merely adv.仅:只:不过21. decoration n. 装饰22. unable adj. 不能的:不会的23. argument n. 论据:论点:争论24. obtain vt. 获得:得到25. identicaladj. 同一的:一模一样的词汇拓展1. differ—different(adj.)—difference(n.)2. commercial—commerce(n.)3. disturbing—disturbed(adj.)困扰的—disturb(v.)4. medium—media(pl.)5. accumulate—accumulation(n.)6. assumption—assume(vt.)假定,假设7. regulation—regulate(vt.)管理,控制—regular(adj.)有规律的,规则的8. resist—resistance(n.)—resistant(adj.)9. argument—argue(v.)10. object—objection n.反对11. undertake – undertook – undertaken12. forbid –forbade/forbad – forbidden重点短语1 (sb. be) cast down (by) 使沮丧2 object to sth./sb. 不赞成,反对object to doing sth.反对某人干某事have no objection to sb. doing sth.不反对某人干某事3 in favor of 赞成,同意,支持,看中,选中in sb.’s favor对某人有利的(地)do sb. a favor帮某人忙4 (be) bound to (do) 一定,注定(做)。
人教版高中英语教材选修8重点单词汇总Unit 1加利福尼亚(州)vt. 说明;阐明加利福尼亚(州)人n. 差别;区分;卓著adj. 清晰的;明显的;明确的n. (从外国移入的)移民继续存在;继续生存n. 海峡白令海峡n. 手段;方法adj. 北极的;北极区的用……办法;借助……北极adj. 史前的n. 大多数;大半n. 冒险家n. (政府的)部;(全体)牧师;牧师的职责n. 圣弗朗西斯科(也称旧金山)adj. 天主教的n. 阿拉斯加(州)n. 天主教徒prep. 尽管;不管习惯于新的生活方式、工作等vt. 选择;决定做某事;选举某人n. 苦难;困苦n. 百分比;百分率adj. 联邦制的;联邦政府的n. 铁路;扶手;(护栏的)横条n. 洛杉矶n. 丹麦(北欧国家)n. 意大利n. 意大利人;意大利语坚持;维持;沿袭(风俗、传统等)adj. 意大利人的;意大利n. 好莱坞;美国电影业语的n. (人口、贸易的)繁荣n. 韩国/朝鲜人;朝鲜/韩语vi. 处于经济迅速发展时期adj. 韩国(人/语)的;朝鲜(人/语)的n. 飞行器;航空器;飞机n. 横渡;横越;十字路口;人行横道)n. 柬埔寨人;柬埔寨语adj. 巴基斯坦(人)的n. 韩国;朝鲜n. 巴基斯坦n. 巴基斯坦人vi. 移入(外国定居)n. 移民;移居入境n. & adj. 代理;副职adj. 人种的;种族的n. 侄子;外甥n. 地极;电极;磁极n. 海关;关税;进口税n. 申请人vi. 发生;出现n. 社会主义者;社会党人n. (美)讲西班牙语的美国人adj. 社会主义者的n. 牛(总称)n. 社会主义背靠背vt. 指出;指示;表明;暗示vt. & vi. (shaved; shaved, shaven) 刮;剃n. 行李n. 缆绳;绳索;电缆adj. 显而易见的;显然的;表面上的缆车;(美)有轨缆车adv. 显然地;显而易见地安德鲁·海利迪n. 滑动;滑倒n. (有轨)电车vi. 滑动;滑行;滑跤n. 闸;刹车;制动器vi. 滑动;滑行;滑跤vi. & vt. 刹(车);用制动器减速adj. 迷人的;吸引人的n. (公车)售票员;列车员;(乐队)指挥与……合作或一起工作n. 码头vt. & n. 租用;雇用n. 面包房;面包厂n. 面包房;面包厂n. 渡船;渡口n. 海鸥vt. 摆渡;渡运包括;吸收天使岛n. 角;角度划线;标出……界线许多;很多申请;请示得到adv. 无处;到处都无adj. 痛苦的;悲惨的n. 处罚;惩罚n. 公正;公平n. 权威;权力vt.& vi. 哀悼;悼念;表示悲痛adj. 公民的;国内的;民间的当局;官方vt.& vi. 改革;革新adj. 感激的;感谢的n. 改革;改造;改良adj. 关切的;体贴的;深思的vt.& n. 抓住;抓紧;掌握;领会vt. 插入;嵌入Unit 2vi. 不同;相异n. 剪枝;剪报;剪纸adj. 精确的;准确的adj. 商业的;贸易的n. 双胞胎之一;孪生儿之一adj. 同一的;一模一样的adj. 成对的;成双的adj. 复杂的;难懂的adj. 简单的;直接的;坦率的vt.(undertook, undertaken) 着手;从事;承担得到好结果;取得成功;偿清adj. 躯体的;肉体的;细胞体的n. 突破n. 原子核;中心n. 程序;步骤;手续沮丧;不愉快n. 胚;胚胎;萌牙时期n. 携带者;搬运工;运输工具vt. 扔;投;掷adv. 总共;完全地adj. 任意的n. 命运;天命n. 改正;纠正;修正vi. 反对;不赞成n. 媒介;手段;工具n. 不赞成;反对;异议n. 撞击;冲击;巨大的影响大众传播媒体(如电视、报纸等)vt. 获得;赢得adj. 保守的;守旧的vt. 获得;到达(水平、年龄、状况等)adj. 道德(上)的;伦理的vt.禁止;不准vt. 积累;聚保赞成;支持旁路;支线;岔道n. 宪法;章程n. 合唱;合唱队adj. 必须做的;义务的;强迫的;强制的n. 歌剧;歌剧团;歌剧院n. 一条(面包)n. 面粉vt. 欠(账、钱、人情等);归功于……n. 胡说;无稽之谈;废话adv. 立刻;不久vt. 打扰vi. 退休;离开vi. 操心一定或注定(做)……n. 烦扰n. 假定;设想n. 受人喜爱;流行n. 规则;规章;法规vi & vt.打;撞击;罢工n. 胡说;无稽之谈;废话adj. 虚荣的;自负的;徒劳的侏罗纪公园(美国电影名)vt. 恢复;使恢复原状;重建使……刻骨铭心n. 北美或欧洲野牛n. 小牛;牛犊不时;偶尔使复生;使复活adj. 最初的;开始的脱氧核糖核酸白费力气;枉费心机vt. 抵抗;对抗n. 缺点;不利条件adv. 仅;只;不过n. 装饰n. 原牛(古代欧洲野牛,已灭绝)状况很好(坏);情况很好(坏)adj. 不能的;不会的n. 羽毛n. 大海雀(已灭绝)n. 白氏斑马(已灭绝)adv. 公平地;相当地n. 火鸡vt. 给……染色;染n. 爪;脚爪n. 染色剂vt. 崇拜;爱慕;喜爱vt. & vi. 孵出;孵卵;孵化adj. 合情理的;讲道理的;公道的Unit 3adj. 两栖(类)的n. 专利证书;专利权乔治·斯蒂芬森(英国发明家,蒸汽机的发明人)vi. & vt. 显示……的差别;使……有所不同;辨别给……打电话n. 院子;庭院;天井偶尔;有时n. 胡桃;胡桃木adj. 宽大的;仁慈的;慈悲的adj.无锈的;不锈的;没有污点的n. 产品n. 粉末;火药开始;着手n. 香水;香味n. 立方体;立方n. 果冻;果冻状物adj. 立方的adj. 突然的;意外的n. 小心;谨慎adv. 突然地;唐突地adj. 便利的;方便的;就近的adj. 被动的;消极的;被动语态的n. 预料;期待;期望adj. 愉快的;高兴的vt. 抓住;捉住;夺adj. 愉快的;高兴的n. 认出;认可;承认adj. 有效的;确凿的n. (评判的)标准;尺度n. & vt. 要求;声称;主张n. 文件;档案;文件夹n. 鉴定;辨认;确定;身份证明vt. 提交;将……归档adj. 清白的;无罪的;天真的adj. 熟的;成熟的n. 线;绳子;一串n. 胶;胶水n. 杆;棒vt.粘贴;粘合adj. 冰冻的;严寒的n. 果蔬商n. 电话簿;商行名录(pl)蔬菜水果店vt. 拨(电话)n. 降雨n. 法庭;审判室n. 灯笼;提灯n. 堵塞;阻塞;果酱vt. 忍受;忍耐;负担n. 麦克风;话筒n. 额头adv. 偶然地;不时地亚历山大·格雷厄姆·贝尔被踩出来的路;常规;惯例迅速把手伸入;一心投入adj. 充满活力的;精力充沛的;动态的;发展变化的开始(做)n. 倍数adj. 多种的;多样的;多类型的n. 稻草;麦秆;饮料吸管n. 倍数莫尔斯电码n. 点;小圆点vt. 轻打;轻拍;轻敲vt. 以小圆点标出;分散n. 轻轻地敲(声);(水)龙头n. 金属丝;电线n. (水或气)流;电流vt. 复制;再现……的形象或声音adj. 现在的;当前的n. 直升飞机adj. 无价的;极宝贵的n. 三角形;三角形物体adj. 稳固的;稳定的;安定的vt. 联想;联系n. 冰箱n. 同伴;伙伴n. 法庭;法院;朝廷adj. 实际的;实践的;实用的詹姆斯·戴森(英国发明家)次序颠倒;发生故障n. 能力;胜利;本领n. 电话分机;扩大;延伸不挂断;稍等;紧紧握住设法联系上(尤指打通电话);(设法)做完;通过n. 能胜任的;有能力的;称职的回复电话n. 版本;译本挂断电话n. 吉普车n. 人力资源;人事部;全体人员Unit 4n. 皮格马利翁(希腊神话)乔治·伯纳德·萧(也译萧伯纳,英国剧作家)n. 适应(性);改编本(图片上的)说明文字;(电视、电影)字幕;(杂志等文章的)标题;韪adj. 经典的;第一流的adj. 重要的;决定性的;命中注定的n. 经典著作n. 情节;阴谋n. 教授希金斯(姓)n. 语音学n. (陆军)上校n. 口哨声;汽笛声皮克林(姓)vi. 吹口哨;发出汽笛声n. (一件)衣服(外套、裙、袍等)(pl)服装vi. 犹豫;踌躇n. 皮夹;钱包adj. 毛纺的;纯毛的n. 结果;效果dj. 不舒服的;不安的;不自在的adv. 不舒服的;不自在地adj. 带来麻烦的;使人心烦的adj. (见解或判断上)错误的;不正确的n. 小偷;贼n. 手帕;手绢;纸巾vt. 伪装;假扮;遮掩vt. 编排;分类;归类n. 伪装n. 谈论;言论;评述伪装(的);假扮(的)vt. & vi.谈论;评论;说起adj. 光辉灿烂的;杰出的;才华横溢的vt. 显露出(本来面目);背叛adj. (位置或地位)较高的;级别较高的adj. 不同寻常的;非凡的vi. 谴责;使……注定adv. 适当地;恰当地n. 排水沟;阴沟;贫民区(把某人)改变或冒充成……n. 公爵夫人;女公爵n. 相识;了解;熟人n. 大使;使节结识;与……相见n. 一把;少量n. 惊讶;惊愕一般来说震惊;惊讶n. 身份;地位;职位vt. 抢劫;盗窃;剥夺n. 机会;运气;大笔的钱adj. 真实的;真正的;可信的;可靠的adj. 优秀的;较高的;上级的就……来说;从……角度n.上级;长官vt. 抢劫;盗窃;剥夺vt. & vi. 不赞成;反对;认为不好adj. 古时的;(因古老、稀少而)珍贵的n.音乐喜剧n. 文物;古董;古玩adj. 音乐的;喜爱音乐的n. 先令(1971年以前的英国货币单位,旧币的12便士)n. 长袜n. 信徒;教徒n. 佛教n. 元音;元音字母n. 佛教徒皮尔斯(姓)adj. 佛教的n. 饼干n. 佛n. 茶壶n. 指甲;钉子n. 奶油;面霜带或领……进来n. 蜡;蜜蜡n. 磁盘vt. 上蜡旧式唱片vi.行屈膝礼adj. 破旧的;寒酸的n.(女子行的)屈膝礼n. 裁判员;仲裁者ni. & vi. 妥协;折衷adj. 可怕的;恐怖的n. 浴缸;澡盆n. 洗衣店;洗衣房;(待洗的或洗好的)衣服adj. 使人反感的;令人厌恶的vi. 啜泣;抽噎n. 腰;腰部;腰围n. 啜泣(声);抽噎(声)adv. 尽情地;热心地;痛快地n. 背心;内衣再一次需要……n. 字母表vt. 俯视;忽视;不理会vi. & vt.(使)褪色;减弱;逐渐消失adj. 有效的(声音、画面)逐渐模糊;渐淡Unit 5vt. 确认;识别;鉴别n. 可能的选择adj. 考古学的;与考古学有关的adj. 供选择的;其他的n. 考古学n. 挨饿;饿死n. 考古学家adj. 试探性的;不确定的n. 精确;准确vt. 挖掘;发掘vt. 假定;设想n. 挖掘;发掘adv. 不管;不顾n. 席子;垫子不管;不顾n. 被子;棉被vt. & vi. 打断……讲话;打岔;暂时中断或中止adj. 有观察力的;敏锐的;严重的;深刻的n. 野兽至多;最多n. 厘米n. 磨具;削具vi. & vt. (使)锋利;尖锐;清晰adj. 足够的;充足的;富裕的切碎vt. 擦净;削平;磨光adj. 凌乱的;脏的n. 刮刀;刮削器adj. 原始的;远古的;简陋的adj. 植物学的;与植物学有关的n. 小珠子;滴n. 植物学n. 分析n. 海贝壳vt. & vi. 使……成熟;成熟n. 意义;意思;重要性;重要意义n. 种类;类别;范畴vi. 吐痰adv. 以……方式;不知怎么地adj. 有系统的;有计划的;有条理的vt. (spat, spit; spat, spit) 吐出(唾液、食物等)n. (刮、抓、划的)痕迹;搔;挠vi. 吐痰vt. 搔;抓;擦伤;刮坏n. 相册;集邮册;唱片adj. 放射性的;有辐射能的n. 接待员;招待员vt. 删;删除n. 学院;学会;学术团体;院校n. 分割;划分;分配;分界线受够了;饱受;厌烦n. 洋葱n. 幼儿园n. 滑板n. 酸乳酷;酸奶n. 放射性公元前n. (各种)瓜n. 皱纹n. 血管;静脉vi. 强烈而有规律地跳动;搏动vi. & vt. 鼓掌欢迎;赞赏n. 脉搏;节拍n. 眉毛向前看;为将来打算vi. & vt. 加速;促进vt. & vi. 嗥叫;叫喊;吼叫adj. 晕眩的;昏乱的;使人发晕或困惑的n. 矛;枪vt. 逮捕;吸引n. 颧骨n. 逮捕;拘留n. 箭头adj. 快乐的;欢快的n. 斧;斧子adv. 快乐地;轻松地n. 铁锤;锤子追溯到……adj. 有技巧的;熟练的(<.美>skillful)n. 技艺;手艺;精工细作n. 标点符号vt. & vi. 崇拜;敬奉n. 崇拜;敬神。
外研版高中英语选修8全册教案一、课程概述外研版高中英语选修8是高中英语课程的重要部分,旨在进一步提高和深化学生的英语语言能力。
本册教材涵盖了广泛的主题,包括科技、文化、社会问题等,通过深入探讨这些主题,教材帮助学生提升理解和表达能力。
二、教学目标1、增强学生的词汇量和语法知识,提高阅读理解和写作能力。
2、培养学生的英语口语表达和听力理解能力,能在日常生活中运用英语进行交流。
3、引导学生了解和欣赏英语语言的美,培养其对英语文化的理解和尊重。
三、教学内容及方法本册教材共分为六个单元,每个单元都有一个主题,包括"Body Language and Non-verbal Communication","Literature","Science and Technology","Society and Family","Culture"和"Travel"。
每个单元都包含了阅读、听力、口语练习、写作、语法学习等环节。
教学方法包括:1、激活学生的前知:通过提问和讨论的方式,了解学生对主题的熟悉程度和已有的知识。
2、教学策略:采用讲解、示范、小组讨论、角色扮演等多种教学方法,以提高学生的参与度和学习效果。
3、学生活动:组织学生进行小组讨论、角色扮演等活动,以增强他们的口语表达和听力理解能力。
4、评估与反馈:通过作业、测试和课堂表现等方式,评估学生的学习效果,并及时给予反馈和建议。
四、教学重点与难点教学重点包括:1、深入理解和探讨每个单元的主题。
2、提高学生的阅读理解和写作能力。
3、培养学生的英语口语表达和听力理解能力。
教学难点包括:1、帮助学生克服在英语表达中的语法和词汇障碍。
2、引导学生了解和欣赏英语语言的美,培养其对英语文化的理解和尊重。
3、通过多样化的教学活动激发学生的学习兴趣和积极性。
Unit1课内练习答案(P3Comprehending1)1.First settlers crossed the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America.These people are now known as Native Americans.2.Spanish soldiers arrived in South America.3.California became part of Mexico.4.The US declared war on Mexico.5.Gold was discovered in California.6.California became the31st state of the US.P3Ex.2第一行:in the early16th centuryearly1800s1800s第二行:late1840s/early1850sin the late19th century1911第三行:1920sbeginning of the20th centuryfrom about the1970s第四行:from about the1970sin more recent decadesfrom about the1970sP4Ex.1(learning about language)Adjective major Italian hard Korean racialPakistani distinct DanishNoun majority Italy hardship Korea racePakistan distinction DenmarkP4Ex.21federal2Catholic3majority4Ministry5boom6Italy7distinction8hardships9Korea10electedP4Ex.3Arctic,Strait,crossing,by means of,rail,making a life,aircraftP5Ex.3;P6Ex.2P5Ex.31---62---43---54---35----76---27---88---1P6Ex.21.He started in northern California,and he has been travelling south.2.The facts that not everybody is rich,not everybody lives on the coast, and the desert in California is not like the rest of the climate of California, surprised him.3.He had watched too many American movies.4.Many people from different countries moved to California.They brought their own customs,culture and food.They kept them up and so produced the large variety of food,music,customs,art and cultural activities.P6Ex.3southeastern California American movies beach/coast cotton, vegetables,nuts southeast desert races festival,musicP7Ex.11Wednesday(Angel Island)2Monday(Fisherman’s Wharf)3Tuesday (Chinatown)4Tuesday(blue and white road sighs)5Wednesday(Golden Gate Bridge)6Monday(cable car)P9Ex.21He invented the cable car system because the horse-drawn trams used before were unsafe.2He ate at Fisherman’s Wharf.3It was convenient for him to tour around the city.It was cheaper to hire a car with other people because they could share the coast.Also he probably enjoyed being in the company of other tourists.4Eat in Chinese restaurants,go to markets,visit temples and museums.5It was famous as a place for immigrants to be checked before they could enter California.Workbook练习题答案(P46Ex.1)1Traveller’s Tales2Tom Price3Mandy Long4New OrleansP46Ex.31F2T3T4F5T6T7F8T9TP47Ex.41.(略)2.hot and humid3.1812Louisiana became a state of the USA.1857The first Mardi Gras celebration was held.4.CP48Ex.1a great many,applying for,nephew,ferry,Immigration,Apparently, bakeries,occur,thankful,fascinatingP48Ex.21take in2reform3had marked out4team up with5back to back6applicants,7customsP48Ex.31.When he arrived at the hotel,the first thing he wanted to do was to leave his luggage/baggage,have a shower and shave,and then walk around.2.My grandpa was a socialist who believed in socialism all his life.3.Many illegal immigrants felt that their stay in America was like a punishment because only a few of them got justice and were allowed to live there.4.The civil authorities tried to reduce the noise made by seagulls but failed.5.Many English farmers mourned their cattle which had to be killed because of“mad cow disease”.6.My house is nowhere near the center of the city,but it has no air pollution or traffic jams./Although my house is nowhere near the centerof the city,it has no air pollution or traffic jams.P49Ex.11how(OC)2What(SC)3whether(OC)4what/which(OC)5what (SC)6That(SC)7Why(SC)8why(OC)9When(SC)10as if (PC)11where(/why(PC)12How(SC)13why(PC)14that (PC)15whether(OC)P49Ex.21.it is used as the subject,object,predicative or appositive in a sentence2.it is used as an attribute modifying a noun,a pronoun or a sentenceP50Ex.31.sad2.the coffin was taken to the graveyard to be buried.3.serious4.after the body has been buried and the people are leaving the graveyard5.begins singing and dancing6.celebrate the life of the person who has just diedP52Ex.2P52Ex.3Achievements:Learned to play drums and trumpet at age12;Got a job in best band in town at age16;Started making records at age23;Became a huge star and remained popular for almost50years; Acted in over50movies;Became a goodwill ambassador for the USA;Took part in the civil rights movement.Good qualities:Even though he was poor,he never turned to crime to make a living; He was a great musician;He loved entertaining people;He could communicate with people from all sorts of backgrounds; He cared about civil rights issues;He lived a simple life despite his rights and fame;He continued to work all his life.Unit2课内练习答案(P12Ex.1)1.The first use is to produce commercial quantities of plants.The second is to research on new plants specials and do medical research on animals.2.Cloning plants is straightforward,but the cloning of animals is very complicated.3.The first clone from an adult animal was Dolly the sheep.She died in 2003.4.Cloning is controversial in some countries for moral and religious reasons.P12Ex.2Problems or dangers of cloningEvil leaders may want to clone themselves.Animal clones may develop the illnesses of older animals.Animal clones may die younger than the donor animals.There are moral objections to cloning human being.Advantages of cloningMedical cloning could produce cures for serious illness in humans. Cloning plants can be useful for research on new plant species.Cloning plants can produce plants of similar quality for sale.Cloning can help save endangered animals.P12EX.3I think the writer is impartial because he/she does not state any personal opinion about cloning.P13Ex.11differ2cast3accumulate4exact5altogether6objections7un dertake8moral.P13Ex.21straightforward2arbitrary3commercial4made an objectionto5obtain6will forbidP13Ex.31attain2complicated3fate4carrier5cast6reform7accumulate P14Ex21997年多莉羊诞生的消息宣布后便成为一项科学突破。
选修8 Unit 1 A land of diversity-ReadingCALIFORNIACalifornia is the third largest state in the USA but has the largest population. It also has the distinction of being the most multicultural state in the USA, having attracted people from all over the world. The customs and languages of the immigrants live on in their new home. This diversity of culture is not surprising when you know the history of California.Unit1 加利福尼亚加利福尼亚是美国的第三大州,而且是人口最多的州。
加州与众不同之处在于它也是美国最具多元文化的一个州,它吸引了来自世界各地的人们。
这些移民的风俗习惯以及语言在他们的新家都得以延续。
当你了解了加利福尼亚的历史后,你就不会对此感到惊讶了。
NATIVE AMERCANSExactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California, no one really knows. However, it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago. Scientists believe that these settlers crossed the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America by means of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times. In the 16th century, after the arrival of the Europeans, the native people suffered greatly. Thousands were killed or forced into slavery.In addition, many died from the diseases brought by the Europeans. However, some survived these terrible times, and today there are moreNative Americans living in California than in any other state.美洲土著人最早的一批人具体是在什么时候来到我们现在所知道的加利福尼亚地区的,谁也说不清楚。
人教版高中英语选修8 课文及翻译选修8 Unit 1 A land of diversity-ReadingCALIFORNIACalifornia is the third largest state in the USA but has the largest population. It also has the distinction of being the most multicultural state in the USA, having attracted people from all over the world. The customs and languages of the immigrants live on in their new home. This diversity of culture is not surprising when you know the history of California.NATIVE AMERCANSExactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California, no one really knows. However, it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago. Scientists believe that these settlers crossed the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America by means of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times. In the 16th century, after the arrival of the Europeans, the native people suffered greatly. Thousands were killed or forced into slavery. In addition, many died from the diseases brought by the Europeans. However, some survived these terrible times, and today there are more Native Americans living in California than in any other state.THE SPANISHIn the 18th century California was ruled by Spain. Spanish soldiers first arrived in South America in the early 16th century, when they fought against the native people and took their land. Two centuries later, the Spanish had settled in most parts of South America and along the northwest coast of what we now call the United States. Of the first Spanish to go to California, the majority were religious men, whose ministry was to teach the Catholic religion to the natives. In 1821, the people of Mexico gained their independence from Spain. California then became part of Mexico. In 1846 the United States declared war on Mexico, and after the war won by the USA, Mexico had to give California to the USA. However, there is still a strong Spanish influence in the state. That is why today over 40 of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language.RUSSIANSIn the early 1800s, Russian hunters, who had originally gone to Alaska, began settling in California. Today there are about 25,000 Russian-Americans living in and around San Francisco.GOLD MINERSIn 1848, not long after the American-Mexican war, gold was discovered in California. The dream of becoming rich quickly attracted people from all over the world. The nearest, and therefore the first to arrive, were South Americans and people from the United States. Then adventurers from Europe and Asia soon followed. In fact, few achieved their dream of becoming rich. Some died or returned home, but most remained in California to make a life for themselves despite great hardship. They settled in the new towns or on farms. By the time California elected to become thethirty-first federal state of the USA in 1850, it was already a multicultural society.LATER A RRIVALSAlthough Chinese immigrants began to arrive during the Gold Rush Period, it was the building of the rail network from the west to the east coast that brought even larger numbers to California in the 1860s. Today, Chinese-Americans live in all parts of California, although a large percentage have chosen to stay in the "Chinatowns" of Los Angeles and San Francisco.Other immigrants such as Italians, mainly fishermen but also wine makers, arrived in California in the late 19th century. In 1911 immigrants from Denmark established a town of their own, which today still keeps up their Danish culture. By the 1920s the film industry was well established in Hollywood, California. The industry boom attracted Europeans including many Jewish people. Today California has the second largest Jewish population in the United States.Japanese farmers began arriving in California at the beginning of the 20th century, and since the 1980s a lot more have settled there. People from Africa have been living in California since the 1800s, when they moved north from Mexico. However, even more arrived between 1942 and 1945 to work in the ship and aircraft industries. MOST RECENT ARRIVALSIn more recent decades, California has become home to more people from Asia, including Koreans, Cambodians, Vietnamese and Laotians. Since its beginning in the 1970s, the computer industry has attracted Indians and Pakistanis to California. THE FUTUREPeople from different parts of the world, attracted by the climate and the lifestyle, still immigrate to California. It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups, but simply a mixture of many races and cultures.GEORGE’S DIARY 12TH—14TH JUNEMonday 12th, JuneArrived early this morning by bus. Went straight to hotel to drop my luggage, shower and shave. Then went exploring. First thing was a ride on a cable car. From top of the hill got a spectacular view of San Francisco Bay and the city. Built in 1873, the cable car system was invented by Andrew Hallidie, who wanted to find a better form of transport than horse-drawn trams. Apparently he'd been shocked when he saw a terrible accident in which a tram's brakes failed, the conductor could not control the situation and the tram slipped down the hill dragging the horses with it. Had a late lunch at Fisherman's What. This is the district where Italian fishermen first came to San Francisco in the late 19th century and began the fishing industry. Now it's a tourist area with lots of shops, sea food restaurants and bakeries. It's also the place to catch the ferry to Angel Island and other places in the Bay.Did so much exploring at Fisherman's What. Am exhausted and don't feel like doing anything else. Early bed tonight!Tuesday 13th, JuneTeamed up with a couple from my hotel (Peter and Terri) and hired a car. Spent all day driving around the city. There's a fascinating drive marked out for tourists. It has blue and white signs with seagulls on them to show the way to go. It's a 79km round-trip that takes in all the famous tourist spots. Stopped many times to admire the view of the city from different angles and take photographs. Now have a really good idea of what the city's like.In evening, went to Chinatown with Peter and Terri. Chinese immigrants settled in this area in the 1850s. The fronts of the buildings are decorated to look like old buildings in southern China. Saw some interesting temples here, a number of markets and a great many restaurants. Also art galleries and a museum containing documents, photographs and all sorts of objects about the history of Chinese immigration, but it is closed in the evening. Will go back during the day. Had a delicious meal and then walked down the hill to our hotel.Wednesday 14th, JuneIn morning, took ferry to Angel Island from the port in San Francisco Bay. On the way had a good view of the Golden Gate Bridge. From 1882 to 1940 Angel Island was a famous immigration station where many Chinese people applied for right to live in USA. The cells in the station were very small, cold and damp; some did not even have light but the immigrants had nowhere else to go. Their miserable stay seemed to be punishment rather than justice and freedom to them. They wrote poems on the walls about their loneliness and mourned their former life in China. In 1940 the civil authorities reformed the system so that many more Chinese people were able to grasp the opportunity of settling in the USA. Made me very thoughtful and thankful for my life today.选修8 Unit 2 Cloning-ReadingCLONING: WHERE IS IT LEADING US?Cloning has always been with us and is here to stay. It is a way of making an exact copy of another animal or plant. It happens in plants when gardeners take cuttings from growing plants to make new ones. It also happens in animals when twins identical in sex and appearance are produced from the same original egg. The fact is that these are both examples of natural clones.Cloning has two major uses. Firstly, gardeners use it all the time to produce commercial quantities of plants. Secondly, it is valuable for research on new plant species and for medical research on animals. Cloning plants is straightforward while cloning animals is very complicated. It is a difficult task to undertake. Many attempts to clone mammals failed. But at last the determination and patience of the scientists paid off in 1996 with a breakthrough - the cloning of Dolly the sheep.The procedure works like this:On the one hand, the whole scientific world followed the progress of the first successful clone, Dolly the sheep. The fact that she seemed to develop normally was very encouraging. Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill. Cloning scientists were cast down to find that Dolly's illnesses were more appropriate to a much older animal. Altogether Dolly lived six and a half years, half the length of the life of the original sheep. Sadly the same arbitrary fate affected other species, such as cloned mice. The questions that concerned all scientists were: "Would this be a major difficulty for all cloned animals? Would it happen forever? Could it be solved if corrections were made in their research procedure?"On the other hand, Dolly's appearance raised a storm of objections and had a great impact on the media and public imagination. It became controversial. It suddenly opened everybody's eyes to the possibility of using cloning to cure serious illnesses and even to produce human beings.Although at present human egg cells and embryos needed for cloning research are difficult to obtain, newspapers wrote of evil leaders hoping to clone themselves to attain their ambitions. Religious leaders also raised moral questions. Governments became nervous and more conservative. Some began to reform their legal systems and forbade research into human cloning, but other countries like China and the UK, continued to accumulate evidence of the abundant medical aid that cloning could provide. However, scientists still wonder whether cloning will help or harm us and where it is leading us.克隆一直在我们左右并且已经被大多数人接受。
选修8词性变化Unit11.majority n. 大多数;大半→minority n. 少数2.elect vt. 选择;决定做某事;选举某人→election n. 选举3.apply v. 申请→application n. 申请→applicant n. 申请人4.indicate vt.暗示;指出;表明→indication n.迹象→indicator n.指示器;指示物5.apparent adj.明显的;显然的;表面的→apparently adv.显然地;显而易见地6.social adj. 社会的→socialist n. 社会主义者→socialism n.社会主义7.distinct adj. 清晰的;明显的;明确的→distinction n.差别;区分;卓著Unit21. obtain by. 获得= gain=get2. mere adj. 仅仅的→ merely adv. 仅仅3.accumulate vt. 积累;聚积→accumulation n. 积累;聚积4.resist vt.抵抗;对抗→resistance n.抵抗→resistant adj.有抵抗力的;抵制的5.assume vt. 假定;设想→assumption n. 假定;设想6.differ vi.不同;相异→different adj.不同的→differently adv.不同地→difference n.不同;差异7.object vi.反对;不赞成→objection n.不赞成;反对;异议→objective adj.真实的;客观的;无偏见的8.retire vi. 退休;离开→retirement n.退休→retired adj.退休的;离职的9.reason n. 理由;原因→reasonable adj. 合情理的;讲道理的;公道的→unreasonable adj. 不合情理的Unit31.convenient adj. 便利的;方便的;就近的→convenience n. 便利;方便→inconvenience adj.不方便的;引起麻烦的2.caution n.小心;谨慎→cautious adj.小心的;谨慎的→cautiously adv.小心地;谨慎地3.distinguish vi.&vt.显示…的差别;辨别→distinguished adj.著名的;杰出的4.mercy n.宽大;仁慈→merciful adj.宽大的;仁慈的→merciless adj.残忍的5.associate vt.联想;联系n.同伴→association n.社团;协会;联合;联想6.abrupt adj. 突然的;意外的→abruptly adv. 突然地;唐突地7.expect vt.预料;期待;期望→expectation n. 预料;期待;期望;认为8.innocent adj. 清白的;无罪的;天真的→innocence n. 天真;清白9. practice v&n.练习→ practical adj. 实际的;实用的10.produce vt.生产;制造→production n.生产;制造→product n.产品Unit41.disgust n.厌恶vt.使厌恶→disgusting adj.令人厌恶的→disgusted adj.对...厌恶的2.hesitate vi. 犹豫;踌躇→hesitation n. 犹豫;踌躇3.fortune n. 机会;运气;大笔的钱→fortunate adj. 幸运的→unfortunate adj. 不幸的→fortunately adv. 幸运地;幸好→unfortunately adv. 不幸地4.mistake n.&v.错误;误会→mistaken adj. (见解或判断上)错误的;不正确的5.horror n. 战栗;恐怖→horrible adj. 恐怖的;可怕的→horribly adv. 害怕地;毛骨悚然地6.rob vt. 抢劫;盗窃;剥夺→robbery n. 抢劫(行为)→robber n.抢劫犯7.adapt v. 改编;(使)适应→adaptation n. 适应(性);改编本8.classify vt. 把……分类;把……归类→classification n. 分类;归类Unit51.applaud vi.& vt. 鼓掌欢迎;赞赏→applause n. 鼓掌2.significant adj. 重要的→significance n.意义;意思;重要性;重要意义3.starve vi. 挨饿;饿死→starvation n. 挨饿;饿死4.sharp adj. 锋利的;尖锐的→sharpen vi.&vt. (使)锋利;尖锐;清晰→sharpener n. 磨具;削具5.mess n. 凌乱;脏→messy adj. 凌乱的;脏的6.skill n. 技能;技巧→skilful adj. 有技巧的;熟练的7.accuracy n. 精确;准确→accurate adj. 准确的;精确的8.divide v. 分割;划分;分配→division n. 分割;划分;分配;分界线9.analysis n. 分析→analyses pl分析→analyse vt. 分析。