动词不定式翻译练习复习进程
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动词不定式复习小讲义1、思维导图“一览众山小”2、循序渐进,直接考点【省略to的不定式做宾补】【不定式的成份】【不定式的否定】不定式的否定形式:not+(to)+do 的形式eg: Tell him ___ the window.A. to shut notB. not to shutC. to not shutD. don’t to shut解析: 本题是一种高频的题型,考查tell sb to do sth的否定形式,我们需要牢记,不定式的否定都是在to或者省略to的不定式前加上not即可,应此选择B.高频错误答案为D.【简单句中不定式的运用】【to do 与doing做宾语时的不同意义】stop to do (开始do这个动作)★stopstop doing (停止do这个动作)forget / remember to do (动作未发生)★forget / rememberforget / remember doing(动作已发生)go on to do (不同的事情)★go ongo on doing (相同的事情)try to do (努力做)★trytry doing (尝试做)mean to do (打算做)★meanmean doing (意思是,意味着)mind doing 介意做某事注意:mindmake up one’s mind to do 下决心做某事高频考点6【It's for sb to do “VS” It's of sb to do】a) for sb. 常用于表示事物的特征特点,表示客观形式的形容词,如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等:It's very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。
b) of sb的句型一般用表示人物的性格,品德,表示主观感情或态度的形容词,如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right等:It's very nice of you to help me.你来帮助我,你真是太好了。
非谓语动词(一)动词不定式一、动词不定式定义(To infinitive)动词不定式由“to + 动词原形”构成,是动词的一种非谓语的形式,即其在句中不能单独作谓语。
动词不定式具有下列属性:(1)动词不定式具有动词的性质,可以有自己的宾语和状语,也可以有时态和语态的变化;(2)动词不定式也具有非动词的性质,相当于一个名词、形容词或副词,可以在句中担任主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语和状语。
二、动词不定式(短语)的句法功能1. 作主语To say is one thing and to do is another.To know oneself is difficult.但在很多情况下,人们通常用it作为形式上的主语,而把不定式移到谓语之后,使句子结构显得平稳一些。
It is important to learn English.It seemed a pity to have wasted so much time.Activity 2: Fill in the blanks.1) __________ (see) is to believe.2) It’s difficult ________ (find) a best friend.=_____________________________________.2. 作表语不定式作表语说明主语的具体内容(目的,愿望,要求),主语通常是aim,duty,hope,idea,purpose, intention,wish等。
His wish is to become an engineer.To live is to do something worthwhile.Activity 3: Fill in the blanks.3) My wish is_________ (be) a singer.4) Your task is _________(clean) the room.3. 作宾语(1)作动词的宾语。
初中英语语法梳理和提高动词不定式不定式:to + 动词原形知识梳理:提纲挈领,抓住重点和难点!动词不定式的基本形式是“to + 动词原形”,有时可以不带to。
动词不定式(或不定式短语)没有人称和数的变化,在句子中不能作谓语。
动词不定式仍可保留动词的特点,即可以有自己的宾语和状语。
动词不定式同它的宾语或状语构成不定式短语。
如:to read the newspaper, to speak at the meeting 等动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征,因此在句子中可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语:句法作用例句作宾语She wanted to borrowed my radio.They began to read and write.作状语She went to see h er grandma lastSunday .He came to give us a talk yesterday.作宾语补足语Lucy asked him to turn off the radio. She asked me to speak more loudlyJim told Ling Feng to go home at once . The father made his son study hard.作定语Have you got anything to say?I had something to eat this morning .作主语To learn a foreign language is not easy.注:作主语用的动词不定式常常为it替代,动词不定式(或短语)放在后面。
例如:It is not easy to learn a foreign language.It took us three days to do the work.动词不定式的否定形式由“not+动词不定式”构成. 如:Tell him not to be late.The policeman told the boys not to play in the street.4) 不定式省去to的情况: 在感官动词see,watch,look at,hear, listen to,feel 和使役动词make,have,let等所接的宾语中(不定式做宾语不足语),不定式应省去to。
适合高二版第8期动词不定式用法栏目帮你复习动词不定式动词不定式属于非谓语动词,其形式为“to + 动词原形”,否定形式为“not to+动词原形”。
不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语,没有人称和数的变化,但有时态和语态的变化。
不定式的逻辑主语用“for+名词或代词宾格”构成。
一、不定式的用法1、不定式作主语e.g. To live is to struggle. 活着就是斗争。
To see once is better than to hear a hundred times. 百闻不如一见。
(1)如果不定式太长,为使句子结构匀称,习惯上常用it作形式主语,而把真正的主语(动词不定式)置于句后,从而出现以下结构:“It + be + adj./n. + to do”e.g. It’s not easy to learn English well. 学好英语不容易。
It's our duty to help the poor. 帮助穷人是我们的职责。
(2)如果需要说明是谁发出不定式所表示的动作,则可以在不定式前面加上逻辑主语。
e.g. It’s not easy for us to learn English well. 我们学好英语不容易。
于是上述结构可以改为:“It + be + adj./n. + for sb. to do ”但这个结构中的adj.如果是:clever、foolish、silly、stupid、wise、unwise、kind、nice、rude、polite、impolite、careless、careful、cruel、crazy等,则应把其中的for改为of,即“It + be + of + sb. to do”(= sb. + be + adj. + to do)e.g. It's foolish of you to make such a mistake. ( = You are so foolish to make such a mistake.)你犯这样一个错误,太愚蠢了。
高中英语语法复习讲义——动词不定式一.相关知识点精讲:1.不定式作补语1)有些有动词+宾语+不定式的结构。
例如:例如;Father will not allow us to play on the street. 父亲不让我们在街上玩耍。
The officer ordered his men to fire. 长官命令士兵开火。
注意:有些动词如make,have,get,want 等可用不定式作做宾补,也可用分词作宾补。
现在分词表达主动,也表达正在进行,过去分词表达被动。
2)有些有动词+宾语+不定式的结构,不定式的动词往往是be,不定式一般可以省去。
例如:例如:We believe him to be guilty. 我们相信他是有罪的。
We know him to be a fool. 我们知道他是个笨蛋。
(to be 不能省去)典型例题Charles Babbage is generally considered the first computer.A. to inventB. inventingC. to have inventedD. having invented答案:C. 一般没有consider+宾语+be 以外不定式的结构,也没有consider+宾语+doing 的结构,排除A、B、D。
consider 用动词be 以外的不定式作宾补时,一般要求用不定式的完成式,故选C。
3)有些动词可以跟there +to be 的结构。
例如:believe expect intend like loveprefer want wish understand mean例如:We didn't expect there to be so many people there. 我们没料到会有那么多人在那里。
You wouldn’t want there to be another war. 你不至于想让另外一场战争发生吧。
2021届初三英语中考语法一轮复习讲义(四十八)动词不定式知识点总结与整理非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动词-ing形式和过去分词。
非谓语动词没有人称和数的变化,不受主语人称和谓语动词的时态变化干扰,但是有时态和语态的变化。
非谓语动词在句中不能单独作谓语,但仍保留动词的特点,即可以有自己的宾语和状语。
典型例句:1.To hear your voice is so nice.(听到你的声音真高兴。
)(动词不定式)典型例句:2.Reading books makes one wise.(读书使人明智。
)(动词-ing形式)典型例句:3.This is a book written by Balzac.(这是巴尔扎克写的一本书。
)(过去分词)动词不定式动词不定式是一种动词的非谓语形式,可在句中充当多种成分,是初中英语学习中必须掌握的重要语法项目。
1.动词不定式的类型动词不定式有两种表现形式,一种是“to+动词原形”,另一种是“疑问词+to+动词原形”,详见后面的举例。
2.动词不定式的句法功能A.动词不定式作主语To learn a foreign language is not easy.(学习外语不是一件容易的事。
)B.动词不定式作表语Her job is to look after the children.(她的工作就是照顾孩子。
)C.动词不定式作宾语He wants to buy some stamps.(他想买一些邮票。
)D.动词不定式作宾语补足语The doctor told me to have a rest.(医生叫我休息一下。
)E.动词不定式作定语I want something to eat.(我想要一些吃的。
)F.动词不定式作状语Yesterday they came to visit us.(昨天他们来拜访我们。
)3.动词不定式的时态和语态A.一般式:to do表示不定式的动作发生在谓语的动作之后,或同时发生。
动词不定式知识点详解(初中英语专项复习)辨析谓语动词VS非谓语动词1.谓语动词:顾名思义,在句中充当谓语,形式与句子时态相关。
例如:一般现在时态,谓语动词有原形和三单两种形式。
He gets up at 5:00 o’clock every day.一般过去时态,谓语动词形式为过去式。
We went to Hong Kong last summer.2.非谓语动词:是相对于谓语动词而言的,非谓语动词不担任谓语成分,且具有其他词类特征的动词形式,即不定式,动名词和分词(现在分词和过去分词)。
例如:My teacher told me not to make noise in class.Watching movies help me learn English.The man standing under the tree is my father.I had my hair cut yesterday.非谓语动词不定式1.动词不定式的结构:肯定形式:to +动词原形。
否定形式:not+ to +动词原形。
2.动词不定式的用法(1)作主语例句:To learn English is important.=It is important to learn English.To walk to school takes me 20 minutes.=It takes me 20 minutes to walk to school.注意:在It is… to…”的句型中,it是形式主语,真正的主语是不定式,使用这种结构,可以避免句子的头重脚轻。
通常不定式被视为第三人称单数,所以谓语动词用单数。
It作形式主语常见结构:▲ “It is + adj./n+(for sb.) to do sth .例:It is important for us to keep a balanced diet.▲ It is + adj.+of sb+ to do sth(在kind,good, nice, clever等表示人的品质的形容词后,介词要用of)例:It is silly of you to lend him money again.▲ It takes sb. +一段时间+ to do sth.例:It takes me three hours to finish the task.作表语例句:My dream is to be a teacher.作宾语(动词+to do)例句:I want to play with you.I hope to travel around the world.常见动词:want, wish, hope, like, begin, start, help, agree, refuse, promise, learn, forget, know, need, try等。
非谓语动词讲解及练习:动词不定式(The Infinitive)动词不定式(The Infinitive)动词不定式:(to)+ do,具有名词、形容词、副词的特征。
一、不定式的形式:主动被动一般式 to do to be done进行式 to be doing /完成式 to have done to have been done完成进行式 to have been doing /否定式:not /never + (to) do二、不定式的句法功能:1.作主语:eg.)To make a speech here is an honor.To lose heart means failure.动词不定式短语作主语时,常用形式主语it作形式主语,如上两句可用如下形式:It is an honor to make a speech here.It means failure to lose heart.常用结构:It+be+ adj./n.+ for sb. to do sth.It+be+ adj. + of sb. to do sth. =sb. be + adj. + to do sth.(常见形容词:clever, silly, foolish, stupid, wise, kind, rude, impolite, careless, cruel, crazy, etc.)Eg.)It’s necessary for us to have a good knowledge of English.It is foolish of you to make such a mistake.=You are foolish to make such a mistake.2.作表语:eg.)Her wish is to become a novelist.He appears to have caught a cold.不定式一般紧跟在系动词如be, seem, remain, appear等后面,用来说明主语的内容。
八年级语法知识一. 教学内容:动词不定式[学习过程]一、句子的成分及动词不定式在句子中的语法作用组成句子的各个部分叫句子成分。
句子的成分主要有主语、谓语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语等。
1)句子的主语是表示句子所要说明的人或事物;“是什么”或“是谁”,这是一个句子的主要部分,一般由名词、代词、数词或相当于名词的词、短语、从句等(如动词不定式和动词不定式短语、动名词等)来充当,通常位于句首。
例如:The students love their teachers very much.To build this building took them about a year.Finishing the homework on time is good for a student.2)句子的谓语用来说明主语“做什么”或“怎么样”,说明主语的动作、状态或特征。
句子的谓语一般用动词来表示。
但情态动词和助动词不能单独作谓语,它们必须和实义动词或系动词一起构成谓语。
例如:My watch works very well.I can go there with you.The teachers are having a meeting in the meeting hall now.3)句子的宾语表示动作的对象或承受者,通常由名词、代词(人称代词用宾格)或是相当于名词、代词的词、短语、从句等(如动词不定式或动词不定式短语、动名词等)来充当,一般放在及物动词的后面或介词的后面。
例如:I lost my pen yesterday.I really want to go to the park with you.She decided to buy a cup of Coke and a piece of bread.Miss Sun said that I had to hand in the copy tomorrow.有些动词后面有两个宾语,我们称这为“双宾”,这类动词主要有give, send, tell, write, post, pass, teach ,wish 等。