不定式的时态+不定式的语态

非谓语动词的时态和语态非谓语动词是指在句中不充当谓语成分，通常以动词原形或动词的其他非限定形式呈现的动词。

非谓语动词的时态和语态主要根据上下文确定，本文将详细介绍非谓语动词的时态和语态的使用。

一、非谓语动词的时态1. 不定式：不定式作为非谓语动词形式，不受时态的限制，通常表示动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。

例如：- To understand English well, one must practice every day.（为了能够很好地理解英语，人们必须每天练习。

）- I forgot to buy milk on the way home.（我从没想到，在回家的路上忘了买牛奶。

）2. 现在分词：现在分词作为非谓语动词形式，通常表示与谓语动词所表示的动作同时或一般性的动作。

例如：- Walking along the street, I noticed a small cafe.（在街上走的时候，我注意到了一家小咖啡馆。

）- The teacher was talking to the students, explaining the new lesson.（老师正在和学生们谈话，解释新的课程。

）3. 过去分词：过去分词作为非谓语动词形式，通常表示在谓语动词所表示的动作之前已经完成的动作。

例如：- Having finished his homework, the boy went out to play.（孩子做完作业后，出去玩了。

）- The injured man was taken to the hospital, accompanied by his family.（受伤的人被他的家人陪同着送到了医院。

）二、非谓语动词的语态非谓语动词的语态主要包括主动语态和被动语态，具体如下：1. 不定式的语态：不定式的语态通常与主句的语态保持一致。

例如：- She wants to be promoted.（她想要升职。

动词不定式的时态与语态动词不定式是动词的一种非谓语形式，在句中不能单独作谓语。

但动词不定式仍具有动词的性质，它不但可以有自己的宾语和状语，从而构成动词不定式短语，它还可以有时态和语态的变化，即一般式、进行式、完成式和被动式。

1.动词不定式的一般式动词不定式的一般式表示的动作通常与主要谓语的动作同时或几乎同时发生，或是在它之后发生。

I happened to be there. 我当时刚好在那里。

（同时发生）To catch the plane, you'd better hurry to the air port by taxi. 为了赶飞机，你最好赶紧乘出租车去机场。

（to catch the train发生在hurry to the station之后）2.不定式的进行式动词不定式的进行式表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生。

Tom pretended to be reading the newspaper when his father came into the room. 他父亲走进房间时，汤姆装着在读报纸。

My brain doesn’t seem to be working well today.我的脑子今天似乎不大好使。

3.不定式的完成式动词不定式的完成式表示的动作在谓语表示的动作之前发生。

I'm sorry to have kept you waiting. 我很抱歉让你久等了。

I meant t o have finished my work last night, but I didn't feel very well. 我本来想昨晚完成工作的，但是我感觉身体不舒服。

It has been an honor for me to have been invited to your country. 对我来说，被邀请来你们国家是一件很荣幸的事情。

4.动词不定式的完成进行式动词不定式的完成进行式表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前一直在进行。

C-不定式的概念、作用语法梳理不定式一、概念：在语法中，动词不定式是指动词的一种不带词形变化从而不指示人称、数量、时态的形式。

形式为：to+动词原形+其他。

之所以被叫做不定式，是因为动词不被限定，或者说不被词形变化所局限。

不定式属于非谓语动词。

不定式的时态有：一般式、进行式、完成式和完成进行式。

二、不定式的作用1、作主语。

不定式作主语时，谓语用单数。

往往用it作形式主语，把不定式放在谓语后面。

如：It took us two hours to finish the job.It is impossible for us to get there on time.It is very kind of you to help us.注意：（1）其他系动词如look, appear等也可用于此句型。

（2）当不定式作主语的句子中又有一个不定式作表语时，不能用It is …to…的句型。

试比较：It is to negate(取消，否定）my own idea to believe him.（错）To believe him is to negate my own idea .（对）（3）It is+ adj. of / for sb. to do sth. 结构中，当不定式的逻辑主语和前面的形容词可以构成系表结构时，用of, 否则用for.2、作宾语（1）动词+不定式。

如：He managed to escape from the fire.I find it hard to get along with him.（it 作形式宾语）（2）动词+疑问词+to , “特殊疑问句+不定式”相当于名词，作宾语。

如：I don’t know what to do next/ how to do it next.I can’t decide when to go there.注意：不定式短语作宾语时，如果还带有宾语补足语，往往把不定式短语放在宾语补足语之后，用it 作形式宾语。

不定式作非谓语动词一、不定式的定义及构成：不定式是一种非限定性动词，即在句中不能单独充当谓语的动词。

肯定形式：to + 动词原形否定形式：not to + 动词原形被动形式：to be + done（动词过去分词）期中to为不定式符号，本身无意义。

二、不定式的时态和语态不定式虽没有人称和数的变化，但所表达的动作仍具有时间先后顺序，主动、被动形式。

具体形式如下表1) 不定式的一般式动词不定式的一般式表示的动作通常与谓语动词所表示的动作同事发生或在其后发生。

We try to finish the task on time. 我们试图及时完成任务。

I hope to see you next week. 我希望下周能见到你。

2）动词不定式的进行式动词不定式的进行式所表示的动作一般与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生He seems to be following us. 他好像正在跟着我们。

3）不定式的完成式不定式的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前I’m so sorry to have given you so much trouble.很抱歉，给你添了那么多的麻烦。

4）动词不定式的被动形式○1动词不定式的一般式被动语态通常表示将来的动作。

The flowers need to be watered. 这些花需要浇水了。

○2不定式的完成式被动语态表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前。

The room seems to have been tidied up already. 这个房子似乎已经整理过了。

三、不定式的用法1）作主语动词不定式作主语，相当于名词或代词的作用To learn an art well is very hard. 学好一门艺术很难。

★动词不定式作主语往往用形式主语it代替，然后不定式置于句尾。

上面的句子可改写为It is very hard to learn an art well.2) 作宾语动词不定式一般作动词或介词的宾语I really want to watch the football match.He has no idea of how to answer this question.3) 作宾语补足语○1后接带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：ask, tell, beg, like, love, would like, order, teach, want, allow, encourage, wish等。

不定式的用法和动词不定式的时态动词不定式是英语语法中的一种形式，它由不定式标志to加上动词的原形构成。

不定式在句子中可以充当名词、形容词或副词，具有一定的时态和语态。

一、不定式的基本用法1. 作主语：动词不定式可以在句子中作主语，表示某种动作、状态或观点。

- To learn a foreign language is important.- To be honest is always appreciated.2. 作宾语：动词不定式可以作及物动词的宾语，表示及物动词的动作或含义。

- I want to travel around the world.- She decided to quit her job.3. 作表语：动词不定式可以作系动词的表语，表示主语的身份、职业、特点等。

- Her dream is to become a doctor.- The important thing is to keep calm in any situation.4. 作定语：动词不定式可以修饰名词或代词，表示名词或代词的用途、目的等。

- I have a book to read.- We have a meeting to attend tomorrow.5. 作状语：动词不定式可以在句中作状语，表示目的、原因、结果、时间等。

- He exercises every day to stay healthy. (目的)- She cried so hard as to lose her voice. (结果)二、动词不定式的时态动词不定式有两种时态：一般时和完成时。

1. 一般时不定式：使用动词的原形表示不定式的一般时态。

- I hope to visit my grandparents next week.- She likes to read books in her free time.2. 完成时不定式：使用动词的完成时形式，由“to have + 动词的过去分词”构成。

不定式的时态语态[不定式的时态和语态总结归纳] 小编给大家总结了不定式的时态和语态，希望对大家的英语学习有帮助。

不定式的时态和语态:时态\语态主动被动一般式to do to be done进行式to be doing完成式to have done to have been done完成进行式to have been doing不定式的用法:1) 现在时：一般现在时表示的动词，有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，有时发生在谓语动词的动作之后。

He seems to know this.I hope to see you again. = I hope that I'll see you again.我希望再见到你。

2) 完成时：表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。

I'm sorry to have given you so much trouble.He seems to have caught a cold.3) 进行时：表示动作正在进行，与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。

He seems to be eating something.4) 完成进行时：She is known to have been wreaking on the problem for many years.单项选择：( )1. The teacher told them ________ make so much noise.A. don’tB. notC. will notD. not to( )2. My mother often tells me _______so many mistakes.A. not to makeB. to not makeC. don’t makeD. not make( )3. Tell him _______ the window.A. to shut (关)notB. not to shutC. to not shutD. not shut( )4. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him ______. A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not to( )5. Mrs Smith warned(警告) her daughter ________ after drinking.A. never to driveB. to never driveC. never drivingD. never drive( ) 6. The doctor asked the patient ____rich food after the operation(手术).A. to eat notB. eating notC. not to eatD. not eating( )7. The workers want us ________ together with them.A. workB. workingC. to workD. worked( )8. I saw him _______ out of the room.A. goB. wentC.is goingD. goes( )9. He often makes his little sister _____,A. cryB. cryingC. criedD. to cry( )10 There’re so many kinds of new bikes on sale that I can’t make up my mind _____ to buy.A. whatB. whichC. howD. where( )11. He can’t decide ______ to stay or not.A. whetherB. ifC. eitherD. if he will( )12. --- The light in the office is still on. --- Oh, I forgot _______.A. turning it offB. turn it offC. to turn it offD. turned it off( )13. We agreed _________ here.A. metB. meetingC. to meetD. meet( )14. Frank is the kind of person who people like to ________.A. make friend withB. make friends ofC. make friendsD. make friends with ( )15. Go on ________ the other exercise after you finishthis one.A. to doB. doingC.doesD. did( )16. She reached the top of the hill and stopped _______ on a big rockA. restedB. restingC. to restD. rest( )17. Tom kept quiet about the accident because he was afraid of____ his job.A. loseB. to loseC. losingD. lost( )18. I need a day or two ________.A. to think it overB. to think overC. of thinking( )19. He was too excited _________.A. speakB. to speakC. not to speakD. speaking( ) 20. I’m hungry. Get me something _________.A. eatB. to eatC. eatingD. for eating( )21. --- I usually go there by train.--- Why not _______ by boat for a change ?A. to try goingB. trying to goC. to try and goD. try going( )22. I asked him to _______ me a few minutes so that we could go over all the problems.A. spendB. spareC. saveD. share( )23. They won’t let his mother _______him in that way.A. to treatB. treatedC. treatD. treats( )24. I’m sorry I forgot ______your dictionary. Let’s borrow one from Li Ming. A. to take B. taking C. to bring D. bringing( ) 25. She couldn’t decide which restaurant _______.A. to have lunchB. to eatC. to eat atD. eating at( ) 26. Don’t forget _________ the letter .A. to sendB. sendC. sendingD. sent( )27. The chair looks very old, I want a new one _________ .A. sitB.to sit onC. satD.sit on( )28. Is ______ necessary to return the book tomorrow ?A. thisB. thatC. itD. which( )29. I’m afraid they would not allow(允许) him ________ here .A. to smokeB. smokingC. smokesD. smoke( )30. Mother told me ________ the water before I drank it .A. boilingB. boiledC. boilD. to boil( )31. On my way home , I stopped _______ some food .A. buyB. to buyC. buyingD. bought。

不定式的用法教师版一、不定式的时态和语态很抱歉让你等了那么长时间。

I'm sorry to have kept you waiting so long.很高兴和你一起共事。

I am very glad to be working with you.被给予机会在会上发言我感到荣幸。

I think it's an honor to have been given a chance to speak at the meeting.二、不定式的句法功能1．不定式作主语(1)不定式作主语可以用于句首像那样做是愚蠢的。

To act like that is foolish.(2) 不定式作主语也可以用it 作形式主语，把真正的主语不定式短语置于句末。

并常用于以下句式中：①It＋be＋名词＋to do照顾老人是我们的职责。

It's our duty to take good care of the old.②It takes sb+some time+to do你花了多久完成这个工作？How long did it take you to finish the work?③It＋be＋形容词＋for sb+to do你抽这么多烟对身体很不好。

It is not good for you to smoke so much.注：在句型③中，常用表示客观情况的形容词，如：easy, difficult, hard, important, possible, impossible, comfortable, necessary, better;the first, the next, the last, the best, too much, too little, not enough④It＋be＋形容词＋of sb＋to do把老师说的一切都记下来是不明智的。

It is stupid of you to write down everything the teacher says.注：在句型④中，常用careless,clever,good,foolish,honest,kind,lazy,nice,right,silly,stupid,wise rude, clever, foolish, thoughtful, thoughtless , brave, considerate, selfish等表示赞扬或批评的词。

英语语法：不定式的时态、语态和⽤法前⼏期介绍了英语语法：情态动词may, might的⽤法、情态动词can, could, dare的⽤法、情态动词must, need, ought to, had better的⽤法、⾮谓语动词的三种形式和⽤法、不定式的结构（⼀）、不定的结构（⼆）。

这⼀期学习英语语法：不定式的时态、语态和⽤法。

在谓语以外的句⼦成分中使⽤的动词⼀定要变词形（不能⽤动词原形），把动词原形变成不定式、-ing式或者过去分词，所以我们把这三种动词形式称为⾮谓语动词。

不定式的时态和语态：不定式共有4种时态形式（均是主动语态），另有2种被动语态形式：主动语态被动语态⼀般时to+动词原形例：to praise to be+过去分词例：to be praised进⾏时to be+-ing式例：to be praising×完成时to have+过去分词例：to have praised to have been+过去分词例：to have been praised完成进⾏时to have been+-ing式例：to have beenpraising×不定式的⽤法：不定式可以充当主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语。

1）作主语To work hard doesn’t necessarily mean getting high grades.下苦功不⼀定就能获得⾼分。

For one to do a good deed is very easy.⼀个⼈做⼀件好事很容易。

2）作表语My job is to take care of children.我的⼯作是照看⼩孩。

Her plan is to build a highway for the villagers.她的计划是为村民们建⼀条公路。

3）作宾语不定式作宾语的场合很多，以下是能够带不定式作宾语的动词：ask, want, agreeexpect, like, hatehope, wish, trystart, begin, offerprefer, continue, manageforget, promise, meanintend, attempt, decidedetermine, pretend, learndesire, choose, telladvise, show, discussI asked to be the first volunteer.我要求当第⼀名志愿者。

动词不定式的时态和语态动词不定式是一种非谓语形式，通常由“to + 动词原型”构成。

它可以用于表示动作、状态或目的。

动词不定式在时态和语态方面也有一些变化。

时态动词不定式有两种时态：一般式和完成式。

**一般式：**一般式动词不定式表示的是一般的、经常性的动作或状态。

它在句子中常常用作主语、宾语、主语补足语、宾语补足语等。

示例：- To walk is good for our health.（走路对我们的健康有好处。

）（作为主语）To walk is good for our health.（走路对我们的健康有好处。

）（作为主语）- I want to study abroad.（我想出国研究。

）（作为宾语）to study abroad.（我想出国学习。

）（作为宾语）**完成式：**完成式动词不定式表示的是动作或状态已经完成或将来完成的情况。

它通常用于表示某个动作在主句谓语动词之前完成。

示例：- I am happy to have finished my homework.（我很高兴已经完成了作业。

）to have finished my homework.（我很高兴已经完成了作业。

）语态动词不定式也有被动语态和完成被动语态。

**被动语态：**被动语态的动词不定式的构成方式是“to be + 动词的过去分词”。

它表示动作的接受者或经历者而不提及动作的执行者。

示例：- He needs to be reminded of the deadline.（他需要被提醒截止日期。

）to be reminded of the deadline.（他需要被提醒截止日期。

）**完成被动语态：**完成被动语态的动词不定式的构成方式是“to have been + 动词的过去分词”。

它表示过去的动作或状态已经完成且对现在产生影响。

示例：- They are excited to have been selected for the team.（他们很兴奋因为被选入了队伍。