八年级上第一单元复习题
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浙教版2021年八年级上册第1章《三角形的初步认识》单元复习题一.选择题1.下列各组长度的三条线段能组成三角形的是( )A.4cm,5cm,9cm B.4cm,4cm,8cmC.5cm,6cm,7cm D.3cm,5cm,10cm2.下列图形具有稳定性的是( )A.B.C.D.3.为使由五根木棒组成的架子不变形,至少还要在架子上钉上的木棒根数是( )A.0根B.1根C.2根D.5根4.下列命题是真命题的是( )A.五边形的内角和是720°B.三角形的任意两边之和大于第三边C.内错角相等D.三角形的重心是这个三角形的三条角平分线的交点5.如图,在△ABC中,∠B=50°,∠C=70°,直线DE经过点A,∠DAB=50°,则∠EAC的度数是( )A.40°B.50°C.60°D.70°6.如图,点B,F,C,E共线,∠B=∠E,BF=EC,添加一个条件,不能判断△ABC≌△DEF的是( )A.AB=DE B.∠A=∠D C.AC=DF D.AC∥FD7.如图,△ABC≌△DEC,B、C、D在同一直线上,且CE=5,AC=7,则BD长( )A.12B.7C.2D.148.在△ABC中,∠A=x°,∠B=(2x+10)°,∠C的外角大小(x+40)°,则x的值等于( )A.15B.20C.30D.40二.填空题9.只用 的直尺和 进行的作图称为尺规作图.10.如图,在△ABC中,∠A=30°,∠B=50°,CD平分∠ACB,则∠ADC的度数是 .11.如图,AC=AD,∠1=∠2,要使△ABC≌△AED,应添加的条件是 .(只需写出一个条件即可)12.如图,△ABC≌△DEF,点B、F、C、E在同一条直线上,AC、DF交于点M,若BE=7,CF=3,则BF= .13.如图,若AB,CD相交于点E,若△ABC≌△ADE,且点B与点D对应,点C与点E对应,∠BAC=28°,则∠B的度数是 °.14.如图,AD平分∠EAC,∠B=70°,∠C=60°,求∠CAD= .三.解答题15.已知△ABC的三边长分别为3、5、a,化简|a+1|﹣|a﹣8|﹣2|a﹣2|.16.已知,△ABC的三边长为4,9,x.(1)求△ABC的周长的取值范围;(2)当△ABC的周长为偶数时,求x.17.在△ABC中,CD平分∠ACB交AB于点D,AH是△ABC边BC上的高,且∠ACB=70°,∠ADC=80°,求:(1)∠BAC的度数.(2)∠BAH的度数.18.如图,在△ABC中,点D是边BC的中点,过点C作直线CE,使CE∥AB,交AD的延长线于点E.试说明AD=ED的理由.解:因为CE∥AB(已知),所以∠BAD= ( ).因为点D是边BC的中点,所以 ,在△ABD和△ECD中,,所以△ABD≌△ECD( ),所以AD=ED( ).19.如图,AD是△ABC的高,E为AC上一点,BE交AD于点F,若有BF=AC,FD=CD,试探究BE 与AC的位置关系.20.如图,D是△ABC的边AB上一点,CF∥AB,DF交AC于E点,DE=EF.(1)求证:△ADE≌△CFE;(2)若AB=5,CF=4,求BD的长.21.如图,点E在AB上,△ABC≌△DEC,求证:CE平分∠BED.22.如图,直线MN与直线PQ相交于O,∠POM=30°,点A在射线OP上运动,点B在射线OM上运动,AC、BC分别是∠BAO和∠ABO的角平分线.(1)若∠BAO=50°,试求出∠ACB的度数.(2)点A、B在运动的过程中,∠ACB的大小是否会发生变化?若发生变化,请说明理由;若不发生变化,试求出∠ACB的度数.(3)在(2)的条件下,在△ABC中,如果有一个角是另一个角的2倍,请直接写出∠BAC的度数.23.△ABC中,三个内角的平分线交于点O,过点O作∠ODC=∠AOC,交边BC于点D.(1)如图1,若∠ABC=50°,求∠BOD的度数;(2)如图1,若∠ABC=n°,求∠BOD的度数;(3)如图2,作∠ABC外角∠ABE的平分线交CO的延长线于点F.求证:BF∥OD;(4)若∠F=∠ABC=40°,将△BOD绕点O顺时针旋转一定角度α后得△B'OD'(0°<α<360°),B'D'所在直线与FC平行,请直接写出所有符合条件的旋转角度α的值.答案一.选择题1.解:根据三角形的三边关系,A、4+5=9,不能组成三角形,不符合题意;B、4+4=8,不能够组成三角形,不符合题意;C、5+6>7,能组成三角形,符合题意;D、3+5=8<10,不能组成三角形,不符合题意.故选:C.2.解:选项中只有选项A是三角形,故具有稳定性的图形是三角形.故选:A.3.解:如图所示,根据三角形具有稳定性,所以至少还要在架子上钉上的木棒根数是2,故选:C.4.解:A、五边形的内角和为540°,故原命题错误,是假命题,不符合题意;B、三角形的任意两边之和大于第三边,正确,是真命题,符合题意;C、两直线平行,内错角相等,故原命题错误,是假命题,不符合题意;D、三角形的重心是这个三角形的三条边上的中线的交点,故原命题错误,是假命题,不符合题意,故选:B.5.解:∵∠B=50°,∠C=70°,∴∠BAC=180°﹣∠B﹣∠C=180°﹣50°﹣70°=60°,∵∠DAB=50°,∠DAB+∠BAC+∠EAC=180°,∴∠EAC=180°﹣∠DAB﹣∠BAC=180°﹣50°﹣60°=70°,故选:D.6.解:∵BF=EC,∴BF+FC=EC+FC,∴BC=EF,又∵∠B=∠E,∴当添加条件AB=DE时,△ABC≌△DEF(SAS),故选项A不符合题意;当添加条件∠A=∠D时,△ABC≌△DEF(AAS),故选项B不符合题意;当添加条件AC=DF时,无法判断△ABC≌△DEF,故选项C符合题意;当添加条件AC∥FD时,则∠ACB=∠DFE,故△ABC≌△DEF(ASA),故选项D不符合题意;故选:C.7.解:∵△ABC≌△DEC,∴AC=DC,CB=CE,∵CE=5,AC=7,∴CB=5,DC=7,∴BD=DC+CB=7+5=12.故选:A.8.解:∵∠C的外角=∠A+∠B,∴x+40=2x+10+x,解得x=15.故选:A.二.填空题9.解:只用没有刻度的直尺和圆规进行的作图称为尺规作图.故没有刻度的,圆规.10.解:∵∠A=30°,∠B=50°,∠A+∠B+∠ACB=180°,∴∠ACB=180°﹣30°﹣50°=100°,∵CD平分∠ACB,∴∠BCD=∠ACB=×100°=50°,∴∠ADC=∠BCD+∠B=50°+50°=100°,故100°.11.解:∵∠1=∠2,∴∠1+∠BAD=∠2+∠BAD,即∠BAC=∠EAD,∵AC=AD,∴当添加∠B=∠E时,可根据“AAS”判断△ABC≌△AED;当添加∠C=∠D时,可根据“ASA”判断△ABC≌△AED;当添加AB=AE时,可根据“SAS”判断△ABC≌△AED.故答案为∠B=∠E或∠C=∠D或AB=AE.12.解:∵△ABC≌△DEF,∴BC=EF,∴BC﹣FC=EF﹣FC,即BF=EC,∵BE=7,CF=3,∴BF+CE=BE﹣FC=7﹣3=4,∴BF=EC=2,故2.13.解:∵△ABC≌△ADE,且点B与点D对应,点C与点E对应,∴∠B=∠D,AC=AE,∠BAC=∠BAD,∴∠ACE=∠AEC,∵∠ACE+∠AEC+∠BAC=180°,∠BAC=28°,∴∠ACE=∠AEC=(180°﹣∠BAC)=76°,∠BAD=28°,∵∠D+∠CAD+∠ACE=180°,∴∠D=180°﹣∠CAD﹣∠ACE=48°,故答案为48.14.解:∵∠EAC=∠B+∠C,∠B=70°,∠C=60°,∴∠EAC=70°+60°=130°,∵AD是∠EAC的平分线,∴∠CAD=∠EAC=65°,故答案是:65°.三.解答题15.解:∵△ABC的三边长分别为3、5、a,∴5﹣3<a<3+5,解得:2<a<8,故|a+1|﹣|a﹣8|﹣2|a﹣2|=a+1﹣(8﹣a)﹣2(a﹣2)=a+1﹣8+a﹣2a+4=﹣3.16.解:(1)∵三角形的三边长分别为4,9,x,∴9﹣4<x<9+4,即5<x<13,∴9+4+5<△ABC的周长<9+4+13,即:18<△ABC的周长<26;(2)∵△ABC的周长是偶数,由(1)结果得△ABC的周长可以是20,22或24,∴x的值为7,9或11.17.解:(1)∵CD平分∠ACB,∠ACB=70°,∴∠ACD=∠ACB=35°,∵∠ADC=80°,∴∠BAC=180°﹣∠ACD﹣∠ADC=180°﹣35°﹣80°=65°;(2)由(1)知,∠BAC=65°,∵AH⊥BC,∴∠AHC=90°,∴∠HAC=90°﹣∠ACB=90°﹣70°=20°,∴∠BAH=∠BAC﹣∠HAC=65°﹣20°=45°.18.解:因为CE∥AB(已知),所以∠BAD=∠E(两直线平行,内错角相等).因为点D是边BC的中点,所以BD=CD,在△ABD和△ECD中,所以△ABD≌△ECD(AAS),所以AD=ED(全等三角形的对应边相等).故答案为∠E,两直线平行,内错角相等;∠BAD=∠E,对顶角相等,BD=CD;AAS;全等三角形的对应边相等.19.解:∵AD是△ABC的高,∴AD⊥BC,∴∠ADB=∠ADC=90°,在Rt△BDF和Rt△ADC中,,∴Rt△BDF≌Rt△ADC(HL),∴∠FBD=∠CAD,∵∠BFD=∠AFE,∴∠AEF=∠ADB=90°,∴BE⊥AC.20.(1)证明:∵CF∥AB,∴∠ADF=∠F,∠A=∠ECF.在△ADE和△CFE中,,∴△ADE≌△CFE(AAS).(2)∵△ADE≌△CFE,∴AD=CF=4.∴BD=AB﹣AD=5﹣4=1.21.证明:∵△ABC≌△DEC,∴∠B=∠DEC,BC=EC,∴∠B=∠BEC,∴∠BEC=∠DEC,∴CE平分∠BED.22.解:(1)如图1中,∵BC平分∠ABO,AC平分∠BAO,∴∠ABC=∠ABO,∠BAC=∠BAO,∵∠POM=30°,∴∠ABO+∠BAO=180°﹣30°=150°,∴∠CBA+∠CAB=(∠ABO+∠BAO)=×150°=75°,∴∠ACB=180°﹣(∠CBA+∠CAB)=180°﹣75°=105°;(2)∠ACB的大小不变,理由如下:由(1)知:点A、B在运动的过程中,∠ACB=105°;(3)由(2)可知,∠ACB=105°,∠BAC+∠ABC=75°,∵△ABC中有一个角是另一个角的2倍,∴∠ACB=2∠BAC或∠ACB=2∠ABC或∠ABC=2∠BAC或∠BAC=2∠ABC,∴∠BAC=52.5°或22.5°或25°或50°.23.(1)解:∵∠ABC=50°,∴∠BAC+∠BCA=130°,∵△ABC的三个内角的平分线交于点O,∴∠OBD=25°,∠OAC+∠OCA=65°,∴∠AOC=115°,∵∠ODC=∠AOC,∴∠ODC=115°,∵∠ODC是△OBD的一个外角,∴∠BOD=∠ODC﹣∠OBD=115°﹣25°=90°.(2)解:∵∠ABC=n°,∴∠BAC+∠BCA=180°﹣n°,∵△ABC的三个内角的平分线交于点O,∴∠OBD=n°,∠OAC+∠OCA=90°﹣n°,∴∠AOC=180°﹣(90°﹣n°)=90°+n°,∵∠ODC=∠AOC,∴∠ODC=90°+n°,∵∠ODC是△OBD的一个外角,∴∠BOD=∠ODC﹣∠OBD=90°+n°﹣n°=90°.(3)证明:由(2)得,∠BOD=90°,∵BO平分∠ABC,BF平分∠ABE,∴∠ABF=∠ABE,∠ABO=∠ABC,∴∠FBO=∠ABE+∠ABC=90°,由(2)得,∠BOD=90°,∴∠FBO=∠BOD,∴BF∥OD.(4)∵∠F=∠ABC=40°,∠FBO=∠BOD=90°,∴∠OBD=∠OB'D'=20°,∠FOB=50°,∴∠ODB=∠OD'B'=70°,∠DOC=180°50°﹣90°=40°,、如图(1),∵D'B'∥FC,∴∠OD'B'=∠D'OC=70°,∴∠DOD'=∠D'OC﹣∠DOC=70°﹣40°=30°,即α=30°,如图(2),∵D'B'∥FC,∴∠OD'B'=∠D'OF=70°,∴α=∠FOD'+∠FOB+∠DOB=70°+50°+90°=210°,∴旋转角α为30°或210°时,B'D'所在直线与FC平行.。
一、选择题1.____students can answer the question, because it’s very difficult.A.Little B.A little C.Few D.A few C解析:C【详解】句意:很少有学生能回答这个问题,因为它是非常难的。
考查不定代词辨析。
little“没有多少”,修饰不可数名词;a little“一点”,修饰不可数名词;few“没有多少”,修饰可数名词;a few“一些”,修饰可数名词。
根据because it’s very difficult,可知,因为很难,所以很少有学生能答出这个问题,students是可数名词,故选C。
2.— There's _________ important in today's newspaper, isn't there?— Sorry, I don't know. I haven't got the paper yet.A.nothing B.something C.anything B解析:B【解析】试题分析;something一些东西,一般用于肯定句及表示请求建议等含义的疑问句中;anything也是表示一些东西,任何东西,一般用于否定及疑问句中。
Nothing没有东西,用于肯定句表示否定含义。
修饰这些不定代词的形容词一般放在这些词的后面。
句意:今天的报纸中有一些重要的东西,是吗?——抱歉,我不知道。
我还没有看到报纸呢。
结合语境可知选B。
考点:不定代词辨析点评:thing和some any every等构成的复合词一直是初中英语考查的重点,需要注意他们应用环境的不同,并注意修饰这些词语的形容词要放在他们的后面。
3.The little girl could look after _______ though she was only five years old.A.she B.her C.hers D.herself D解析:D【解析】句意:这个小女孩虽然只有五岁,却能照顾自己。
2021-2022学年人教版地理八年级上期末综合复习题第一章-从世界看中国一、单选题读图“中国疆域“图,完成下列题目。
1.下列关于我国领土四端的说法,错误的是()A. 最东端位于台湾省B. 最西端位于新疆维吾尔自治区C. 最北端位于黑龙江省D. 最南端位于海南省2.关于我国地理位置的描述,正确的是()A. 位于亚洲西部B. 少部分位于寒带C. 位于太平洋东岸D. 大部分位于北温带3. 下列国家中,既与我国陆上相邻又隔海相望的是()A. 印度B. 韩国C. 朝鲜D. 日本4. 北回归线自西向东依次穿过的省级行政区有()A. 滇、贵、粤、台B. 云、桂、粤、台C. 滇、贵、闽、台D. 云、桂、闽、台5.“1月,西沙群岛天气炎热,黑龙江沿岸却冰天雪地”,造成这种景观差异的主要因素是我国()A. 跨经度广B. 跨纬度广C. 地形复杂多样D. 地势西高东低我们伟大的祖国,疆域辽阔,历史悠久,人口众多,物产富饶。
结合图完成下列题。
6. 中国是“东方”雄狮,东方是指中国的半球位置,中国位于()A. 东半球、北半球B. 东半球、南半球C. 西半球、北半球D. 西半球、南半球7. 台湾著名爱国诗人余光中先生在《乡愁》一诗中写到:“…而现在,乡愁是一湾浅浅的海峡,我在这头,大陆在那头。
”诗中的“海峡”是指()A. 琼州海峡B. 朝鲜海峡C. 渤海海峡D. 台湾海峡8.图中字母A、B、C、D、E、F代表我国的陆上邻国和隔海相望国,其中A、F分别是()A. 韩国蒙古B. 印度尼西亚俄罗斯C. 俄罗斯日本D. 日本蒙古9.图中字母a、b、c、d代表我国濒临的海洋,它们依次是()A. 渤海、黄海、东海、南海B. 黄海、东海、南海、渤海C. 渤海、东海、黄海、南海D. 黄海、渤海、东海、南海10. 下图说明了()A. 我国领土东西经度相差很大B. 我国南北纬度相差很大C. 我国气候复杂多样D. 我国地形多种多样11. 我国大陆上与台湾省隔海相望的省级行政区的简称是()A. 粤B. 浙C. 苏D. 闽12. 北回归线穿过了我国四省区,自东向西的省区简称分别是()A. 滇、桂、粤、台B. 云、桂、闽、台C. 台、闽、桂、滇D. 台、粤、桂、云2021年5月11日,国务院第七次全国人口普查领导小组办公室对外发布:截至2020年11月1日零时,全国人口共141178万人,与2010年第六次人口普查的133972万人相比,增加7206万人,增长5.38%。
Units 1-6复习题一、单词拼写1.There are many outdoor ________ (活动)in spring.2.My mother didn’t have ________ (足够的) money, so she couldn’t buy the coat.3.We must ________ (等候) when the traffic light is red. 5.I didn’t take an ________ (雨伞) so I got wet in the rain.6.We must keep ________ (日记) to improve our writing skills.7.Can you find some __________ (不同)between the twin brothers?8.There are many tall ________ (楼) in our town.9.He is old enough to look after ________ (自己).10.He never goes to a _______ (牙医) for teeth cleaning. 11.My favorite ________ (节目) are Sports News and Animal World. 12.We should ________ (锻炼) every day to keep healthy. 13. ________ (尽管) his grandfather is eighty years old, he is very healthy. 14.We can’t take these ________ (杂志) out of the reading-room. 15.My mother told me a good friend is like a . (镜子) 16. He is a ________ (努力的) boy and he always get good ________ (成绩).17.A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your . (内心) 18.He was so funny that he often makes his friends (笑). 19.It’s (必要的) for students to finish homework on time. 20.Our teacher always tells us to do our homework ________ (细心地). 21.Kim is ________ (差) at English than his brother.22.Jenny ________ (挑选) a present for her mother yesterday. 23.My math teacher is very ________ (严肃). He never laughs in class. 24.We should take these problems (认真地). 25.The supermarket(超市) is always (拥挤的) on weekends. 26.Liu Qian is one of the most popular (魔术师) in China. ually she watches TV in her (舒适的) sofa at night. 28.We had a (讨论) about TV show in class meeting today.29.I never go to watch the game show because it is (毫无意义). 30.Jackie Chan is a very ________ (成功的) actor. 31.________ (不幸地),he didn’t pass the exam. 32.What ________ (发生) to you last night? 33.I like documentaries because they are ________ (有教育意义的). 34.What’s the (关系) between the man and the woman? 35. Don’t open that box. It’s my (个人的) thing. 36.He joined the English club to (提高) his English.二、动词应用1.We decided (go) to the beach near our hotel.2.I really enjoy (walk) around the town.3.We wanted (walk) up to the top.4.My family (go) to the beach every summer.5.Did you have a great time (talk) in groups?6. Lucy usually ______to school early. But today she ________to school late. (go)7.—Where did you______ (study) last night? —No, I__________(help)my mother_______(clean) the room.8.Do you feel like (drink) some orange?9.Our teacher often keeps us (read) English in the morning. 10. It’s very interesting _____ ( feed) the pets. 11. He spends more than an hour __________(exercise) every day. 12. Your sweater is beautiful. I want _________(buy) one,too. 13. How about (go) shopping on Sundays? 10. He usually study English by (read) it in the morning. 14.He doesn’t like singing,but he is good at (dance) 15.Did you have fu n(learn) something? 16.Nelly practiced (dance) a lot more than Lisa. 17.His mother often makes him (clean) his room on weekends.18.It’s necessary for us (learn) English well. 19.Thanks for (tell) me. 20.He is much better than others at (find) the most interesting roles. 21.It’s always interesting (watch) people (show) their talents. 22.The people who watch the show usually play a role in (decide) the winner. 23.He finished (read) the novel yesterday. 24.I can’t stand (listen) to the noisy music.25.There (be) some exciting news in today’s newspaper. 26.Would you mind (open) thewindow?27.Where do you plan (go) this Sunday? 28.I hope (watch) the action movie one day.29.I expect ______ (work) in a big company. 30.To become a writer, he is going to keep on ______ (write) stories.三、根据汉语完成英语句子。
人教版八年级上册历史单元测试第一单元检测题一.单项选择题(本题共50分,每小题2.5分)1. “每一县或一州,农之食烟者十之二,工之食烟者十之三,贾之食烟者十之六,兵之食烟者十之八,仕之食烟者过半。
”“十室之邑,必有烟馆。
”这说明清朝()A.吸食鸦片现象普遍 B.军民体质下降 C.林则徐禁烟无成效 D.白银大量外流2.欣赏漫画有时需要运用历史知识,右图中的人物被称为“中国禁毒第一人”,他是一位()A.领导抗击倭寇斗争的民族英雄B.领导抗击荷兰殖民侵略斗争的民族英雄C.领导抗击沙俄侵略斗争的民族英雄D.领导禁烟运动的民族英雄3.右图是某城市的一座雕塑:一双大手把一根烟枪折为两段。
此雕塑是为了纪念在这里发生的一次轰轰烈烈的反对外国毒品走私的运动。
这一雕塑应该建在()A.厦门B.虎门C.澳门D.江门4.1840年6月,集结在澳门沿海之外的英国舰船,出发北上,入侵中国。
此后两年中,清政府屡战屡败,最终被迫议和,历史学家称这场战争为()A.鸦片战争 B.第二次鸦片战争 C.甲午中日战争D.八国联军侵华战争5. 陈旭麓说:“对于中国人来说,这场战争是一块界碑。
它铭刻着中世纪古老的社会在炮口逼迫下赶往近代的最初的一步。
”因在“这场战争”中战败,清政府被迫签订了()A.《尼布楚条约》 B.《南京条约》 C.《马关条约》 D.《辛丑条约》6.右图漫画再现了19世纪40年代中国屈辱的场景。
图中持短枪的外国人代表的国家是()A.美国B.法国C.日本D.英国7.从文明史观的角度看中国近代史上的通商口岸,是中国了解和学习西方近代工业文明的窗口,最早的“窗口”不包括()A.上海 B.广州 C.福州 D.深圳8.下面是王老师编写的记忆中国近代某不平等条约的歌诀。
该条约的签订()条约有四项,割地和开商。
口岸有五处,广厦福宁上A.使中国的国家主权和领土完整遭到破坏B.使中国丧失了150多万平方千米领土C.使西方列强侵略魔爪伸向中国西北D.标志着清政府变成了“洋人的朝廷”9.“《南京条约》签订之后十年,感到更不满意的不是战败国而是战胜国。
参照物专题:1.乘客坐在行驶的火车上,以火车为参照物人是.的,以路旁的树木为参照物时,人是.2.平时所说“月亮躲进云里”是以.为参照物,说“乌云遮住了月亮”是以为参照物.我国发射的风云二号通讯卫星相对是静止的,相对于是运动的.人们常说地球在公转的同时自转着,“公转”是以为参照物,自转又是以为参照物.3.空中加油机在空中给歼击机加油的过程中,若以为参照物,他们都是运动的,若以加油机为参照物,歼击机是的.4.“旭日东升”是以为参照物的,“日落西山”是以为参照物的.5.坐在甲车里的人,看见路边树木向北运动,他是以为参照物.他看到并排的乙车静止,若以树为参照物,乙车是的.6.以为参照物,人造地球同步卫星是静止的,以为参照物,人造地球同步卫星是运动的。
7.法国飞行员在天空中能顺手抓住一颗飞行子弹的条件是:8.人们生活在地球上,感觉不到地球在运动,这是因为:测量长度专题:1、如图所示,物体A的长度的测量值为cm。
1题2题2、如图用刻度尺测量一物体的长度,该刻度尺的分度值是,物体的长度是cm。
3、在下图中,所用的刻度尺的分度值是,测得物体的长度是 cm。
3题4题4、如图用刻度尺测量一物块的长度,则物块的长度为cm。
5、如图所示,物体A的长度是 cm。
6题5题6、一根钢管,已测得管的内直径为0.72cm;现用三角板和刻度尺量钢管的外径,如图15所示。
由此得钢管外径是 cm。
计算题专题:1.在一次爆破中,用一根长1m的导火线引爆炸药,若导火线以0.5cm/s的速度燃烧,点火者点着导火线后以4m/s 的速度跑开,他能否在爆炸前跑到离爆炸地点600m远的安全地区?2.一列队伍长360m,匀速通过一座长为1.8km的大桥,测得队伍通过大桥所用的时间为9min。
求:①队伍前进的速度②这列队伍全部在大桥上行走的时间3.一辆汽车以36Km/h的速度朝山崖匀速行驶,在离山崖700m处鸣笛后汽车直线向前行驶了一段路程后听到了刚才鸣笛的回声。
Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?知识点一:本单元重点语法知识点练习题一、复合不定代词⑴选择题( ) 1. I'm hungry. I want ______ to eat.A. anythingB. somethingC. everythingD. nothing ( ) 2. —Do you have ______ to say for yourself?—No, I have ______ to say.A. something;everythingB. nothing;somethingC. everything;anythingD. anything;nothing( ) 3. Why not ask ______ to help you?A. everyoneB. someoneC. anyoneD. none ( ) 4. Everything ______ ready. We can start now.A. areB. isC. beD. were ( ) 5. There's ______ with his eyes. He's OK.A. anything wrongB. wrong somethingC. nothing wrongD. wrong nothing( ) 6. She listened carefully, but heard ______.A. anyoneB. SomeoneC. everyoneD. nothing( ) 7. Everything ______ good.A. beB. areC. isD. were⑵用适当的复合不定代词填空1.Listen, __________ is singing next door2.She didn't go there with __________ last week.Would you like __________ to eat?e here! I have __________ important to tell you.4.—Is __________ here?—Yes,all the students are here.二、一般过去式⑴句型转换1.Mary saw her English teacher just now.(改为否定句)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.Jack bought something special in the gift shop.(改为一般疑问句)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. We went to the movie yesterday.(对画线部分提问)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4. Tony went to Tibet on vacation.(对画线部分提问)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5. Danny visited the small town two years ago.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________5. Did you go to the movies with your parents last night? (作肯定/否定回答)⑵ 选择题1.—Where did you go last winter vacation?—I ________ to London with my family.A. goB. have goneC. wentD. was going2.He ________ me his name, but I can't remember it now.A. tellsB. toldC. will tellD. is telling3.—Wendy, how long have you had the Huawei P30 Pro?—A couple of days. I ________ it last week.A. boughtB. buyC. will buyD. have bought4. —What did you do the day before yesterday?—I ________ for an English test.A. is studyingB. studiedC. studyD. will study5. The teacher ________ why the boy was late for school again.A. madeB. wonderedC. waitedD. took知识点二:本单元重点单词变形练习题⑵ 用所给单词的适当形式填空1. Last month Jason ________________ (visit) his friend in Shanghai.2. Who ________________ (go)shopping with you yesterday?3. I made this red dress all by ________________ (me)4.After a few hours, we ________________ (arrive) at the beach.5.We stopped at the shop and ________________ (buy) some food.6.—Can we have some more bread?—Sure! Please help ________________ (you) !7.My mother had nothing to do but ________________ (watch) TV last night.8.The baby seemed ________________ (be) happy when he saw the little dog.9.The girl ________________ (not watch) TV last week.10.Everyone ________________ (be) here. Let's start the game.11.We have many ________________ (activity) after school, such as playing basketball and having dance lessons.12.Mike decides ________________ (tell) the story to her teacher13. There are some beautiful ________________ (build) in the neighborhood.13.There are many ________________ (different) between English names and Chinese names.14.All the students like Mr. Brown because he always makes his classes _____________ (enjoy).15.—What's the man's job?—He is a ________________ (trade).16.I was very sleepy. I tried ________________ (keep) my eyes open, but I couldn't⑵用方框中所给单词适当形式填空It is hot and wet in Chongqing these days. I 1.__________ the weather here but I love the food and the scenery (风景). This morning, it was rainy. We didn't have any special 2.__________ . My parents and I just stayed at the hotel and I felt really 3.__________ . Luckily, it stopped raining at noon. We went to eat 4. __________ special —Chongqing hotpot(火锅) for lunch. There is a big 5. __________ between Chongqing hotpot and Beijing hotpot. The food here is really spicy (辛辣的). After lunch, we 6. __________ to visit Foreigner Street in Chongqing 7. __________ the local people told us that it was a good place to visit. Foreigner Street is really 8. __________ ! There are lots of old buildings and nice food from all over the world. We 9. __________ Italian coffee, Indian cakes and British tea there. 10. __________was nice and we really had a good time in this street.I went to Hawaii last summer. It is a 1. __________ place. People from all over the world go there on 2. __________ every year. The weather 3. __________ nice during my stay. It was 4. __________ every day. It was my dream to see the sun going down there. So my family and I 5.__________ the sunset at the seaside(海边). I saw many people there. Some played on the beach and some 6. __________ in the sea. At night, people got together to have a party. We 7.__________ and danced. I had a great time there. In the past, it was difficult for travelers to go to Hawaii. And there were no big 8. __________ like the ones today. But now things have changed. It's easy for people to 9. __________ there and there are lots of nice big hotels. What do you think of the beautiful place? Would you like to pay a visit to Hawaii? I'm sure you,llenjoy 10.__________ here知识点三:本单元重点短语练习题⑴根据汉语提示完成句子1. 今年你想去夏令营吗?Do you want to ________________________ this year.2. 上个月你去哪里度假了?Where did you go ________________________ last month?3. 林涛周末喜欢待在家里。
八年级上册第一章从世界看中国章末检测一、选择题1、关于我国地理位置的叙述正确的是()A.位于亚洲东部,印度洋西洋 B.我国领土均位于北温带C.我国位于北半球,北回归线横穿我国南部 D.我国领土的最西端在青藏高原2、从半球位置来看,我国位于()A.东半球、南半球B.东半球、北半球C.西半球、北半球D.西半球、南半球3、关于中国地理位置的优越性,错误的是()A、我国位于世界最大大陆——亚欧大陆的东部。
C、西临太平洋,有利于发展海洋事业和对外交流。
D、从纬度位置来看,我国南部部分地区位于热带,没有地区位于寒带。
4、我国东部乌苏里江上旭日东升时,西部帕米尔高原繁星满天,这种差异与有关。
()A.我国纬度跨度大 B.我国地势落差大C.我国经度跨度大 D.我国地形复杂多样5、英国是一个岛国,西临大西洋、B、我国南北跨纬度大,南北气候差异大,为发展多种农业提供了有利条件。
东南隔英吉利海峡与法国相望,中国则()A、西临大西洋,东临太平洋B、北临北冰洋、东临太平洋C、在亚洲东部,太平洋西岸D、亚洲西部,太平洋东岸6、关于下列四个省区说法正确的是A.①省南部濒临的海域是东海B.②省它同俄罗斯蒙古相临.C. ③省的行政中心是西安D. ④省的简称是川或蜀7、我国的直辖市有( )①北京②上海③哈尔滨④天津⑤深圳⑥重庆A.①②③④B.②③④⑤C.③④⑤⑥D.①②④⑥8、读下图回答问题。
上图省区中,北回好线穿过的有A.1个 B.2个 C.3个 D.4个9、我国跨经度最多、跨纬度最多的省级行政区分别是( )A.新疆、甘肃B.云南、陕西C.内蒙古、海南D.西藏、新疆10、我国现行的行政区划是:A.省、县、乡三级 B.省、地、县三级 C.省、县、村三级D.省、市、县三级11、成语“秦晋之好”、“得陇望蜀”,“黔驴技穷”中的“秦、晋、陇、蜀、黔”对应下列省区全称,排序正确的是一组()A、山西、陕西、四川、甘肃、广西B、陕西、山西、甘肃、贵州、四川C、四川、甘肃、广西、山西、陕西D、陕西、山西、甘肃、四川、贵州12、读下图回答问题。
一、选择题1.甲、乙两同学从同一地点同时向相同方向做直线运动,他们通过的路程随时间变化的图象如图所示,由图象可知( )A .在0~10s 内,乙同学的速度为10m/sB .在0~20s 内,两同学的平均速度相筝C .两同学在0~15s 内都做匀速直线运动D .在0~15s 内,乙同学追上甲同学并在100m 处相遇D 解析:D 【详解】A .由图可知,乙的图像是一条倾斜的直线,说明乙做匀速直线运动,所以0~10s 内的平均速度等于0~15s 内的平均速度,所以乙的速度为100m 6.7m/s 15ss v t ==≈ 故A 错误;B .由图可知,0~20s 内时间相同,但路程不相同,根据公式sv t=可得,两个同学的速度不相等,故B 错误;C .由图可知,甲在10~15s 内静止,故C 错误;D .甲乙同学从同一位置同时出发,0~10s 内甲运动的快,甲在乙的前面,甲在10~15s 内停止运动,在时间为15s ,路程为100m 时两图像相交,代表甲和乙相遇,故D 正确。
故选D 。
2.两个做匀速直线的物体甲、乙,它们的速度之比是2:3,通过的路程之比为是3:5,那么甲、乙两物体的运动时间之比是( ) A .2:5 B .5:2C .9:10D .5:8C解析:C 【详解】两个做匀速直线的物体甲、乙,它们的速度之比是2:3,通过的路程之比为是3:5,由st v=可知,甲、乙两物体的运动时间之比是9:10,故选C 。
3.小明去上学,他先以2m/s 速度走了1分钟,然后以5m/s 的速度跑了5分钟,最后1分钟以1m/s 的速度步行到学校。
则小明从家到学校全程的平均速度约为多少( ) A .2m/sB .3m/sC .4m/sD .5m/s C【详解】小明同学第一段通过的路程为1112m/s 1min 2m/s 60s 120m s v t ==⨯=⨯=第二段通过的路程为2225m/s 5min 5m/s 300s 1500m s v t ==⨯=⨯=第三段通过的路程为3331m/s 1min 1m/s 60s 60m s v t ==⨯=⨯=全程的平均速度为120m 1500m 60m 1680m 4m/s 1min 5min 1min 420ss v t ++====++ 故选C 。
八年级第一单元复习题一、重点词汇回顾wonder (形容词)something(反义词)I (反身代词)yourself(复数)bore (形容词)diary(复数)enjoy (形容词)activity (复数)try (过去式)build (过去式) build (名词)trade(表示人的名词)different(名词)like(反义词)二、重点短语回顾去度假去山区去夏令营呆在家里为测验而学习参观博物馆拍照相当多为……买玩得开心去购物记日记到达决定做某事试着做滑翔伞运动给……的感觉骑自行车享受做某事制造差异等候因为忘记做某事去年八月告诉某人做某事继续做某事继续前进兴奋地又蹦又跳升起对……感觉……随身带着……看查明;弄清三、语法回顾1.写出下列动词的过去式do/does _________ go__________ buy __________ swim __________meet ___________ am/is____________ are ___________ see ___________take __________ read ____________ have/has___________ feed_____________say____________ eat ____________ keep _____________ ride ____________feel___________ take____________ get ______________ can _____________forget____________ drink ___________ bring ____________ find _____________tell _____________ play ___________ visit____________ stay_____________study ___________ taste ___________ relax ____________ like_____________seem ____________ arrive __________ decide ___________ try_____________enjoy____________ start ____________ wait ____________ rain ___________walk ____________ look ____________ learn _____________ jump___________2.用所给动词的适当形式填空1)She ________(be) on vacation last week.2)________ you________(play) football last Sunday?3) My father ___________ ( not come) to see me yesterday.4) It __________( rain) half an hour ago.5) Tom didn’t go to the movie and he __________( stay) at home and __________( study) for anEnglish test.6) ---Where did you go on vacation?--- We __________( go) to the beach.7) I just stayed at home most of the time __________( read) and __________( relax).8) No one seemed __________( be) bored.9) The only problem was that there was nothing much __________( do) in the evening but__________( read)10) Don’t forget__________( take) much money with you.11) What about _____________( swim) in the river near our home?12) Why not____________( try) your best to study hard at English?3.按要求转换句型1. I am a student. (用two years ago改写句子) I ________ a student ________ ________ ________.2. I bought something for myself in Hong Kong. (改为否定句)I __________ __________ __________ for myself in Hong Kong.3. Tom went to New York City on vacation.(提问划线部分)__________ __________ Tom __________ on vacation?4. I did something interesting yesterday afternoon.(改为一般疑问句)__________ you __________ __________ interesting yesterday afternoon?5.It seemed that his brother was ill. (改为同义句) His brother __________ _________ __________ ill.6.I bought nothing.(改为同义句)I __________ buy __________.7. Did you stay at home last weekend? (作否定回答) _________, I __________.8. The trip to Mount Tai was very exciting. (提问划线部分)__________ __________ the trip to Mount Tai?2)____________ in Sanya was really interesting.3) Did you go to the park with ____________ last weekend?4) I bought some presents for m parents, but ____________ for myself.5) Listen! ____________ is singing in the next room.6) --- Is ____________ here today?--- No, Tom isn’t here. He is absent(缺席的).7) I ate ____________ delicious at the restaurant last night.四、单项选择()1.There are many people here ______ vacation in Hangzhou every year.A. toB. onC. forD. in()2. Jack wasn’t at home __________.A. yesterdayB. nowC. tomorrowD. in two days( ) 3. ---Does ______ know the answer to the question?--- Me.A. everybodyB. anybodyC. somebodyD. nobody( ) 4. --- Where did you ______ on your vacation? --- We ______ to New York City.A. go; wentB. went; goC. goes; wentD. go; go( ) 5. --- Did they clean the house yesterday?--- ________. They cleaned it at five.A. No, they don’tB. Yes, they doC. No, they didn’tD. Yes, they did ( ) 6. He has __________, so his house is __________.A. enough money; big enoughB. money enough; big enoughC. enough money; enough bigD. money enough; enough big( ) 7. I don’t want to read this book. There is __________ in it.A. something interestingB. nothing interestingC. interesting somethingD. interesting anything( ) 8. ---Who cleaned the blackboard yesterday? ---Lucy ____________.A. cleanedB. doesC. didD.is()9. We couldn’t go shopping __________ the bad weather.A. because ofB. becauseC. forD. so( ) 10. There are ________ good things in the supmarket. But I don’t have _______ money to buy them.A. too much; too manyB. too many; too muchC. many too; much tooD. too many; too many()11. When did you __________ Shanghai?A. arrive inB. arrive atC. got toD. reached( ) 12. Julie stayed ______ home and studied________ tests.A. at; forB. for; atC. on; atD. at; on五、用所给单词的适当形式填空1. I didn’t meet anyone ____________( interest) in today’s newspaper.2. They took quite a few ____________( photo) in Beijing.3. Beijing is a ____________( wonder) place to visit.4. Do you like going ____________( shop) with anyone?5. The ____________( bore) job made me get ____________( bore).6. There are many ____________( different) between the two sisters.7. Linda said that her vacation was ____________(enjoy).8. My father is a ____________( trade). He makes lots of money every year.9. We have lots of ____________( activity) after school. We like them very much.10. You can see an old museum between the two tall ____________( build).11.Here are my likes and __________( dislike).12.-- Did you enjoy __________( your) at your birthday party?---Yes, we did.13. I always do some washing by ____________( me) on weekends.14. If you want to improve your English, you must keep ____________( diary).15. It was __________( sun) and hot. We decided to go to the beach.六、用括号中所给动词的适当形式补全下面的短文。