中考专题动词的分类及动词短语
第一讲动词的分类
【中考解读】
【考点分布】1.实义动词2.连系动词3.助动词4.情态动词
【考点内容】掌握实义动词中及物动词和不及物动词的语法作用和延续性动词的用法，牢记连系动词和助动词基本用法及情态动词的辨析与运用。
【命题趋势】1.考察在特殊语境中动词、连系动词、助动词及情态动词的运用
2.实义动词的词义辨析
【动词定义】：表示动作和状态的词
【动词分类】：动词按照其词义和在句中的作用可分为：
实义动词、连系动词、助动词和情态动词
always gets on
处。
She more beautiful than three years ago.她比三年前漂亮多了。
The window remained open all the night.这扇窗子整夜开着。
The food in that restaurant looks delicious, but it tastes bad.
那家餐馆的食物看起来不错，但尝起来难吃。
7、—The oranges ____________sweet.
—Of course. They are from Yongxing, Chenzhou.
A.taste
B. eat
C. drink
9、—Why do you ______ so upset?
—
A.look
B.sound
C.smell
D. feel
【湖北随州2】22. —Hello, Lisa. What's the matter?
—I ______find my mobile phone. _______ you seen it?
A.couldn't; Did
B. can't; Have
C. need ; Had
D. must; Are ( ) —Who _____ the first paper in the world?
—Cai Lun______
A.invented;did
B.was invented;was
C.did invented ;was
D.invented;was (2016?山东东营)20. “重要的事情说三遍”can be translated into “Important things must be again an d again and again.”
A. spoken
B. repeated
C. described
D. introduced
三实义动词
make sb do sth let sb do sth have sb do sth see sb. do sth
notice sb. do sth
【拓展】具有类似用法的还有：
give sb.sth.= give sth.to sb. pass sb.sth.= pass sth.to sb.
post sb.sth.= post sth.to sb. lend give sb.sth.= lend sth.to sb.
buy sb.sth.= buy sth.for sb.
Tom arrived last Sunday.
She can sing English songs.(
She can sing English songs.(
She sings well.(不及物)
Tom is looking for his lost pen.
What are you talking about?
介词之间。 2)动词+副词
When I grow up ,I ’ll be a policeman to catch thieves.
Keep away from the dangerous building. Let
’s keep in touch with each other.。 4)动词+名词+介词
You should pay attention to your English speaking. He is interested in science.
—The same as you said, eight hundred dollars each.
A. spend
B. cost
C. pay
D. afford
(2016?山东临沂)22. Before stamps, people didn’t _____ for the
letters they sent, but for the letters they received.
A. pay
B. cost
C. spend
D. take 黄冈)37. —I ’m sorry, Mr Hu. I _____ my English exercise book at home. —It doesn’t matter. Please remember _____ it here this afternoon.
A. forgot; to bring
B.left; to take
C.forgot; to take
D.left; to bring (2016·甘肃兰州)29. — How much does the TV ________? — Not too much. It’s just a second -handed one?
A. cost
B. spend
C. take
speak English 说英语 和某人交谈；talk about sth 谈论某事。
She is talking with Lucy in English.她正在用英语和露茜交谈。
—Because he was to nervous.
A. speak ; speaks
B. say ; was spoken C . say ；spoke D. speak ; is spoken
海南三亚2】—Mom,I am afraid that I can ’t get through the hard time We ’re having now.
—My boy,be brave and tell yourself_______ .
A.don ’t give up
B.not to give up
C.not give up
D.to give up
荆州】-Sam,my iPhone is in my bedroom. Could you _______it for me ? -No problem.
A bring
B fetch
C take
D carry
【浙江绍兴4】—I ’ve left my keys in the meeting room. Please ___them for me. —All right.
A. buy
B. paint
C. wash
D. fetch 【湖北襄阳1】—I ’m sorry I left my homework at home.Shall I go and _____ it? —No,you needn ’t.Bring it here tomorrow.
A.get
B.send
C.take
D.pass 4.borrow, lend, keep —Sorry,I have ____ it to Bob.
A.borrow;lent
B.borrow;borrowed
C.lend;borrowed
D.lend;lent 【贵州黔西南4】17. I ______ ＄300 for the bike.
A. took
B. spent
C. cost
D. paid
【甘肃白银】60. It only _______ me half an hour_______ to school every day last term. A. takes; riding B. spent; to ride C. cost; walk D. took; to walk 浙江台州2】22. 一 Where are you going?
一 To the library. I've finished reading this book, so I’m going to _______ it. A. buy B. throw C. return D. borrow
【山东烟台1】— How long may I ___________ your dictionary?
一 For one week. But it mustn't ______________ to others. A. keep, be lent B. borrow, lend D. have, borrow 5.watch, look, see ，read
A. watching ；reading
B. Reading ；watching C .seeing ； watching D .watching ；looking
【云南曲靖】I _____ an article about first aid.It ’s useful when I have an accident.
单词
意义
常见搭配 例句
borrow 借(进)
borrow sth from sb 向某人借某物 You can borrow this book from the library. 你可以从图书馆借这本书 lend
借(出)
lend sb sth
＝
lend sth to sb 借给某人某物 You mustn't lend this book to others. 你不能把这本书借给别人。
keep
保留， 引申为 “借用”
“sb keep sth ＋时间段”表示“某人借某多长时间”，也可与how long 连用
You can keep the book for two weeks. 这本书你可以借两个星期
D.watched
She looked up and she saw many birds in the sky.
她抬头仰望，看见天空中有许多鸟儿。。
【2014黑龙江绥化2】—What is Amy doing?
—She’s _____ her English book.
A.looking
B.looking for
C.looking out (2016?河北)39. We need to do some research to _______ the answer.
A. find out
B. look out
C. hand out
D. take out (2016?湖北鄂州)23. —Could you tell me some information about the hotels in your country? —Why not _______ on the Internet?
A. look for it
B. to look for it
C. look it up
D. to look it up
(2016?四川绵阳) 7. My mother is ill in hospital. I have to my grandparents at home.
A. look for
B. look at
C. look up
D. look after
【鞍山】She hurriedly______the child and took himdownstair.
A. put on
B. wore
C. dressed
D. had on 【广西贵港4】Although Lucy is only three years old,she is able to ____ herself.
A.put
B.make
C.wear
D.dress 【山东枣庄】Why are you a T-shirt? You’ll probably catch a cold in this cold
weather
A. wearing
B. recycling
C. pulling
D. selling
◆join有两个用法：
①指加入某个党派、团体组织等，成为其成员之一，意为“参军、入团、入党”等。
②参加到某个人群中去，其结构为：join sb. in (doing）sth.，根据上下文，in (doing）sth.中doing也可以省去。
◆join in多指参加小规模的活动，如“球赛、游戏”等，常用于日常口语。如：
◆take part in 指参加某项临时性的活动。如：
(1)join表示加入某一党派或社会团体等组织而成为其中的一员。
join in 意为“加入；参加(某种活动)”，表示“参加某人的某种活动”时，
可用join sb in (doing) sth。
Will you join us in playing basketball?你愿意和我们一起打篮球吗？
(2)take part in指参加会议或群众性活动，
重在说明句子主语参加该项活动并在其中发挥作用。
。
【天津3】He ______an English club last year and has improved his English a lot.
B.get
C.arrive
turn around 转身，调头 turn back 返回，折回
turn in 上交，告发
turn into 成为，翻译 turn out 结果是，出席 turn over 翻身，翻转
turn to 翻到，转向 in turn 依次地，轮流地 It ’s one ’s turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事了
(2016·湖北黄冈)32. —Would you like to attend the farewell party next week, Mr. Huang? —Sure, I’d love to. I have no reason to _____your invitation. A. turn down B.turn off C.turn up D.turn on
(2016?四川攀枝花)22. Would you please _______ your MP3 a little? Your baby sister is sleeping. C. turn on D. turn in
provide sb with sth ◆offer 强调“主动提供”,offer sb sth =offer sth to sb ◆give 意为“供给,给出”，give sb sth =give sth to sb 【湖北武汉】—How ’s Bob now?
—_____ him a very good job,but he turned it down.
A.donated
B.served
C.offered
D.introduced 【甘肃兰州4】37. Parents often their children some good advice. A. offer: with B. offer;／ C. provide; with D. both B and C
1.动词+介词
ask for 请求belong to 属于look at 看
look after 照顾learn from 向…学习remind of 提醒take after 与…相像arrive in／at到达
ask for要，请求 do well in在……方面做得好 go on继续
hear from收到……来信 hear of听说 Help sb. with sth.帮助……做
laugh at嘲笑 learn from向……学习 leave for离开一地去另一地
talk to与……谈话 go in for从事，致力于 put up穿上，挂上
take down拿下，取了 look at（有意识地）看 speak to对某人说
send for派人去请 shout at大声叫喊，吼叫 take away拿走，带走
think of考虑，关心 Turn into把……变成wait for等候，等待
take off脱下，起飞 turn on／off打开（关上） listen to听
look after照顾，照看 look for寻找 look like 看上去像
get to 到达 point to 指着…… fill with充满，装满 begin with以……开始
deal／do with处置，对待 meet with偶尔遇见，遭遇 pass on传递belong to属于write to写信给…… call on号召，访问，邀请
die of死于…… depend on依靠，依赖smile at向……微笑 believe in信任
2.动词+ 副词
take away 拿走wake up 醒来put off 推迟
give out 分发think over 考虑end up 结束
3.动词+ 副词+ 介词
get along with 与…相处do well in 擅长look forward to 期望4.动词+ 名词+ 介词
take part in 参加make use of 利用
pay attention to 注意take care of 照顾
5.系动词+ 形容词+ 介词
be strict with 对……要求严格be mad at 对…..恼火
be full of 充满be different from 与……不同
think of 想起look after 照顾look for 寻找agree with 同意ask for 请求
put on 穿上put off 脱下put up 挂起
give up 放弃give away 捐赠hand out 分发wake up 叫醒
1. 相同动词+不同介词
;照看
2. look at看;朝……看
3. look down upon看不起;轻视
4. look forward to盼望;期待
5. look for寻找;寻求
6. look into 向……里面看去;调查
8. look out of...往……外看
9. look out当心;留神
10.look over检查
11. look through浏览
12. look up to钦佩;仰慕
13. look up（在词典、参考书等中）查阅;查找
, turn off关闭，turn up调高；调大，
turn down调小；调低turn...into把……变成
举手；张贴，put on穿上，put off推迟，
put down写下；记下，put away把……收起来放好，put out熄灭，出版
2. 不同动词+相同介词
①up短语
give up放弃，fix up修理，cheer up使……高兴，get up起床，
set up建立，wake up使……醒来，take up占据，从事
②with短语
……开始，
start with以……开始，end up with以……结束
。:keep out阻止进入，help out分发，泄露，take away带走；拿走，give away帮助……
2. arrive at(in) a place到达某地
3. begin with...以……开始
4. believe in信任；信赖
5. belong to属于
6. blow out 吹来
7. break down 停止运转；出故障
8. break off 突然中止；中断
9. break out(战争、火灾等)突然发生；爆发
10. bring back 恢复；使想起；归还
11. bring good luck to...给……带来好运
12. bring out 使显现；使表现出
13. bring up教育；培养
14. call(sb.) back （给某人）回电话
15. care about 关心；在意
16. care for关心；关怀；照顾
17. catch up with 赶上（或超过）
18. change into转换成；把……变成
19. check in 报到；登记
20. check out查明；结账
21. cheer up使振奋；使高兴起来
22. clean out清除；把……打扫干净
23. clean up（把……）打扫干净；（把……）收拾整齐
24. clean...off 把……擦掉
25. clear out 清理；丢掉
36. concentrate on全神贯注；专心于
37. connect with...与……相连
38. cut out 删除；删去
39. cut down砍倒
40. cut off 切除
41. cut up切碎42. deal with处理；应付
43. depend on(upon) 依靠；相信；信赖
44. depend on视……而定；决定于
45. do one’s best尽某人最大的努力
46. dress up穿上盛装；装扮
47. drop by顺便（或偶然）来访
48. eat out 出去吃饭
49. end up以……结束；结果为……；最后处于
50. fall asleep入睡
51. fall behind落后
52. fall down 落下；摔倒
53. fall in love with爱上（某人或某物）
54. fall into落入；陷入
55. fall over 绊倒
56. find out查明；发现；了解
57. fix up修理；修补
58. get along with...与……相处
59. get away逃离
60. get back回来
61. get in the way of 挡……的路；妨碍
62. get off脱下（衣服等）；下车
63. get on well with和睦相处；关系良好
64. get on相处；进展
65. get out of 离开；从……出来
66. get out 出去；离开
67. get over 克服；恢复；原谅
68. get up 起床
69. get/be ready for 为……做好准备
70. give away赠送；分发
71. give back归还；送回；恢复（健康）等
72. give birth to 生；产生
73. give in 投降
74. give out分发；发放
75. give up 放弃
76. give...a lift捎（某人）一程
77. go for a walk去散步
78. go off 发出响声
79. go on doing...继续干某事；不停地干某事
80. go on with 继续
81. go out 出去；熄灭
82. go over 仔细检查；复习
83. go to the movies 看电影
84. grow up成长；长大
85. hand in交上；提交；呈送
86. hand out分发；发放
87. hang out（俚语）闲荡；闲逛
88. hang up挂断电话
89. have a cold着凉；感冒
90. have a look看一看
91. have classes上课
92. hear from收到……的来信
93. hear of 听说
94. help oneself to请随便吃点
95. help sb. with sth.在某事上帮助某人
96. help(sb.)out帮助（某人）解决困难
97. hold on to继续；坚持；保持
98. hurry up 赶快；快点
99. join in参加；加入
100. keep in touch with...与……保持联系101. keep off勿踏；勿踩
102. keep out不让……进入
103. keep...away from 避免……接近；远离……
104. kick sb.off 开除某人
105. knock at 敲
106. knock into...与……相撞
107. laugh at嘲笑；取笑
108. lay out 摆开；布置
109. lead to导致；导向
110. leave out 不包括；不提及；忽略111. lie down 躺下
112. listen to... 听……
113. look after照顾；照看
114. look at看；朝……看
115. look down upon看不起；轻视
116. look forward to盼望；期待
117. look for寻找；寻求
118. look into 向……里面看去；调查119. look like看起来像
120. look out of...往……外看
121. look out当心；留神
122. look over检查
123. look through浏览
124. look up to钦佩；仰慕125. look up（在词典、参考书等中）查阅；查找
126. major in主修；专研
127. make friends with...与……交朋友128. make up one’s mind下定决心
129. make up 编造；组成；拼凑成;形成；构成
130. mix up混合在一起
131. open up打开
132. pass by 路过；经过
133. pass on传递
134. pay attention to 对……注意；留心135. pay back 偿还(借款等)
136. pay for 付……账；付买……的钱137. pay off偿清（欠款等）
138. pick up 捡起
139. point out指出
140. prepare for 为……做准备
141. prevent from妨碍；防止；预防142. put away把……暂时收起来；储存……备用
143. put down 记下，写下；放下
144. put off推迟；拖延
145. put on穿；戴上；上演
146. put out扑灭；熄灭（火）；关灯147. put up张贴；搭建
148. ring off挂断电话；停止讲话
149. ring up 打电话
150. run away逃跑；跑掉
151. run off 跑掉；迅速离开
152. run out(of) 用尽；耗尽
153. see off送行
154. sell out卖完；售光
155. set off 动身；起程；使爆发
156. set out 出发；启程
157. set up 建立；创立；开办
158. shout at...冲……大声叫嚷
159. shout to...对……大声喊叫
160. show up出席；露面
161. shut off 关闭；停止运转
162. stay away from 与……保持距离163. stay up不睡觉；熬夜
164. stick to坚持；固守
165. take down 拆除；往下拽；记录
166. take in吸入；吞入（体内）；欺骗167. take a message捎个口信；传话168. take a photo拍照
169. take a shower淋浴；洗澡
170. take a trip 去旅行
171. take a vacation去度假
172. take a walk散步
173. take after（在外貌、性格等方面）与（父母等）相像
174. take an interest in...对……感兴趣175. take away拿走
176. take breaks(take a break) 休息
177. take care of 照顾；照看
178. take care当心；小心
179. take down取下
180. take it easy从容；轻松；别紧张181. take notes做笔记
182. take off起飞；成功
183. take one’s order点菜
184. ta ke one’s place代替；替换
185. take one’s temperature 量体温
186. take on呈现；雇用
187. take out the rubbish倒垃圾
188. take out取出
189. take part in参加……；参与……
190. take place 发生
191. take pride in...对……感到自豪
192. take risks(take a risk) 冒险
193. take the subway乘地铁
194. take time 花费(时间)
194. take up占据时间、空间；开始从事；拿起
196. take... seriously认真对待……
197. talk about谈论；讨论；议论
198. talk to...跟……说
199. thanks for为……而感谢
200. think about 考虑（是否去做）
201. think of 思考；考虑
202. think up想出
203. throw away扔掉
204. try on 试穿；试试看
205. try one’s best某人尽力做
206. try out 选拔；试用
207. turn down把……调低；关小208. turn off关掉
209. turn on打开
210. turn up开大（声音）；到达；露面211. turn...into把……变成
212. use up用完；用光；耗尽
213. used to do sth.过去常常做某事
214. used to过去常常；以前常常（后接不定式，表示过去的习惯）
215. wait for等候；等待
216. wake up睡醒；醒来
217. walk into走进
218. work on 从事；忙于
219. work out产生结果；发展；成功220. worry about担心；烦恼
221. write down写下；记下
动词概述 一、实义动词 ■①及物动词与不及物动词 根据后面是否带宾语，行为动词又可分为及物动词和不及物动词，及物动词。Vt. vi . They study hard. I know them well. 注：有的动词既可作及物动词，也可用作不及物动词。如： She sings very well. She sang an English song just now. 英语里有不少实义动词可以兼作及物动词和不及物动词。兼作及物动词和不及物动词时，____不变。试比较： Shall I begin at once? She began working as a librarian after she left school. When did they leave Chicago?They left last week. 短语： ■②动态动词和静态动词 动态动词表示动作，如give, take, work, run等；静态动词表示感觉、情感、内心世界、相互关系等，如know, exist, be, have, appear, prove, concern, hate, dislike, like, love, surprise, include, depend on, belong to, guess, suppose，imagine, believe, doubt, admire, envy等。 ■③延续性动词和非延续性动词 根据动作是否延续，行为动词又分为延续性动词和非延续性动词。如rain, live, work, learn等是延续性动词，go, come, leave, start, arrive, join, finish, end等是非延续性动词。 注：非延续性动词在肯定句中通常不与表示时间段连用的for短语连用。如：[译]他离开这里三天了。 [误]He has left here for three days. [正]He has been away from here for three days. [正]He left here three days ago. [正]It’s three days since he left. ■④限定动词与非限定动词
look短语look for寻找；look after照顾；look over查看；look forward to渴望，向往，to为介词，后接名词、代词、动名词作宾语；look at看着；look up抬头看，在…查找；look up to尊敬；look down upon瞧不起；look like看起来像；look as if/though看起来好像；look through透过……看,翻阅，浏览；look into调查；look out当心；look out of往…外看look about [around]环顾四周look back 回顾，回想look on旁观, 看作，当作(与as 连用) put短语put off推迟，put on穿上；上演；put away把…暂时收起来，储存……备用；put up举起，建造，张贴；put out扑灭；put down写下；放下；put aside把…搁在一边；put back放回put…into把…放入put one’s heart into全神贯注 turn短语turn down把音量开小一点;拒绝；turn up把音量开大一点;出现；turn round/around回头；turn over 翻开;翻转；turn to朝向;变成;求助于；turn…into…把…变成…；turn into变成；turn out结果证明是；turn away 把脸转过去turn to sb转向某人turn out结果是turn on 打开(电灯等) turn off 关(电灯等) turn over （使）翻过来turn against背叛turn back折回，往回走turn around旋转，转过身来 call短语call at拜访，后接地点；call on拜访，后接被拜访的对象；号召；call back回电话；call in 叫来；call up打电话，使回忆起；call for叫某人同往某处，要求；call off取消 be短语be friendly/kind to对…友好；be fed up with对…厌烦；be different from与…不同；be afraid of害怕；be popular with受…欢迎；be fond of喜欢，爱好；be interested in对…感兴趣；be surprised at对…惊讶；be satisfied/content/pleased with对…满意；be proud of对…感到自豪；be strict with对某人严格；be strict in 对某事严格；be good to对…有好处；be good at擅长于…；be sure of/about对…有把握；be divided into被分成；be made up of由…构成；be angry with对某人生气；be busy with忙于；be full of/filled with装满了；be late for…迟到；be covered with覆盖着；be familiar with对…熟悉；be familiar to对某人来说是熟悉的；be famous/known for因…著名；be famous/known as作为…有名 get短语get on/along (well) with与某人相处（融洽），在…进展（顺利）；get up起床；get on上车（船、飞机、马）；get off下车（船、飞机、马）；get back回去；get back to回到；get away离开，逃脱；get down 下来；get home到家；get into进入，陷入；get out (of) (从…)出去；get to到达get together聚会；get in收割get through通过，度过，完成get hold of获得，取得get over越过，恢复，克服get ready for为…作准备get up起床get used to习惯于
初中英语中考词组大全 [短语、词组归纳] 由动词开头构成的短语、词组很多。复习时应分类处理： 一、动词+介词 1．look at…看…， look like … 看上去像……， look after …照料… 2．listen to…听…… 3．welcome to…欢迎到…… 4．say hello to …向……问好 5．speak to…对……说话 此类短语相当于及物动词，其后必须带宾语，但宾语无论是名词还是代词，都要放在介词之后。 二、动词+副词 “动词+副词”所构成的短语义分为两类：A．动词（vt.）+副词 6．put on 穿上 7．take off脱下 8．write down记下 此类短语可以带宾语，宾语若是名词，放在副词前后皆可；宾语若是人称代词，只能放在副词的前面。 B．动词（vi）+副词。 9．come on赶快 10．get up起床 11．go home回家 12．come in进来 13．sit down坐下 14．stand up起立 此类短语属于不及物动词，不可以带宾语。 三、其它类动词词组 15.close the door 16.1ook the same 17. go to work/class 18. have a look/seat 19. have supper 20.1ook young 21. go shopping 22. watch TV/games 23. play games [介词短语聚焦] “介词+名词/代词”所构成的短语称为 介词短语。现将Units l-16常用的介 词短语按用法进行归类。 24．in+语言/颜色/衣帽等，表示使用种 语言或穿着……。 25．in + Row/ Team/ Class/ Grade等， 表示“在……排/队/班级/年级”等。 26.in the morning/afternoon/evening 表示“在上午/下午/傍晚”等一段时间。27．in the desk/ pencil-box/bedroom 等表示“在书桌/铅笔盒/卧室里”。 28．in the tree表示“在树上(非树本身所有)”；on the tree表示“在树上(为树 本身所有)”。 29.in the wall表示“在墙上(凹进去).” on the wall表示“在墙上(墙表面)” 30．at work（在工作/at school（上学）/at home（在家）应注意此类短语中 无the。 31．at + 时刻表示钟点。 32．like this/that表示方式，意为 “像……这/那样”。 33．of短语表示所属关系。 34．behind/ beside/ near/ under+ 名 词等，表示方位、处所。 35．from与to多表示方向，前者意为 “从……”，后者意为“到……”。 另外，以下这些短语也必须掌握。如：on duty, after breakfast, at night, at the door, in the middle, in the sky, on one’s bike等。[重点句型大回放] 36．I think…意为“我认为……”，是对 某人或某事的看法或态度的一种句 型。其否定式常用I don’t think…37．One…, the other…/One is…and one is…意为“一个是……；另一 个是……”，必须是两者中。 38．Let sb. do sth. 意为“让某人做某事”，人后应用不带to的动词不定式， 其否定式为Don’t let sb，do sth.，或Let sb. not do sth. 另外，Let’s 与Let us的含义不完全相同，前者包括听者在内，后者不包括听者在内， 39．help sb. (to) do sth./help sb. with sth.意为“帮助某人做某事”，前者
人教版中考英语专项训练动词短语专项练习综合 一、动词 1．Grandfather lives with us. We all ________ him. A. look at B. look for C. look after D. look like 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：爷爷和我们住在一起，我们都照顾他。 A. look at看； B. look for 寻找； C. look after照顾；照看； D. look like看起来像…；根据语境及意义，故选C。 【点评】动词词组的意义多与组合所使用的词有关，学生要注意体会记忆。 2．— Smoking and drunkenness （酗酒） are both bad for people's health. — Yes. So we should cigarettes and alcohol. A. shut down B. get on with C. stay away from D. put away 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：吸烟和酗酒都有害人们的健康。--是的。所以我们应该______香烟和酒。A.shut down关闭；B.get on with和......相处；C.stay away from远离；D.put away收起来放好。故选C。 【点评】此题考查固定的短语搭配，平时应多归纳总结并记忆。 3．When you supposed to the meeting yesterday? A. were; had B. was; had C. were; have D. was; have 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】此题考查短语be supposed to do sth.应该做某事。根据yesterday昨天，可知为一般过去时；主语为you，所以be应该为were。故选C 【点评】此题考查固定短语搭配，平时要多归纳总结并记忆以积累词汇量。 4．The red car is Jim's and the blue one me. A. belongs B. belongs to C. belonged to D. is belonged to 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：这部红色轿车是吉姆的，这部蓝色的属于我。belong to 意为“属于”，是固定短语, 排除A；属于不及物动词，无被动语态，排除D；根据连词and前的一般现在时态，故后句也应用一般现在时态。故选B。
动词学案 Class：Name: ◆Teaching Aims: ★To learn the classifications of the verbs. ★To master their usage through cooperation and exploration. ◆Teaching Procedures: 一、动词的分类 1. 实义动词 实义动词时能独立作谓语的动词。根据动词在句子中是否可以接宾语，可以把实义动词分为 __________动词和_________动词两种类型。按其持续性可分为_____________动词和___________动词。（1）及物动词 及物动词本身意义不完整，需要接宾语才能使其意思完整。 ①动词+宾语 My brother is ________ ______ ________(fly)on the playground. ②动词+宾语+宾补 The teacher made his students___________(happiness) by doing some games. 翻译：We call English teacher Zhang Sir. ____________________________________________________ 注意：带省略to的不定式或现在分词作宾补的动词有：make, let, see, watch, notice, hear等。 ③动词+双宾语 My mother gives me a new bike. 注意：有些间接宾语（人）放在直接宾语（事物）之后时，间接宾语前要加to。常用的此类词有bring、give、hand、pass、pay、post、return、sell、show、teach、tell、throw、lend等。 Hand me that book, please. = Hand____________________________________. 有些间接宾语（人）放在直接宾语（事物）之后时，间接宾语前要加for。常用的此类词有buy、choose、cook、draw、book、find、get、make、order等。 My mom bought me a nice backpack. = My mom________________________________________. （2）不及物动词 不及物动词一般不可以接宾语，但是有些不及物动词与一些介词、副词等词搭配在一起构成短语动词，它的作用等于一个及物动词。请在横线上加上适当的介词! ①We arrived______ the station at five. ②He turned _______ the light when he left. ③He takes pride_______ doing a job well. 注意：有些动词既可作及物动词也可作不及物动词。常用的此类动词有turn、open、close、start、change、drive、play、meet、win、study等。 The girl turned her head and smiled. 这个女孩子转过头笑一笑。
中考常考的动词短语 1. come in 进来 come on 来吧加油赶快 come out 出版 come over 顺便来 come true 实现 come from 来自 come up with 提出找出 2.cut down 削减;砍倒 cut up 切碎 cut off 切断切下来 3. fall down倒下跌倒 fall off 从…掉下来 fall asleep 睡觉入睡 fall behind 落后输给某人 fall into 落入陷入 fall in love with 爱上… 4.give up doing 放弃give in 上交; 屈服give out 发放give away 赠送 5.get up 起床get on 上车 get off 下车get to 到达 get back 取回get over 克服（困难）get out 出去get together 相聚 get married 结婚get on/along with 相处 6.hand in 上交hand out 发放分发 hand up 举手shake hands 握手 7.go home 回家go back 回去 go out 外出go over 仔细检查go off 发出响声go to bed 入睡 go on doing/ to do 继续go for a walk 散步 8.have a rest休息 have a cold/a cough / a headache/ a fever / a toothache / a stomachache 患感冒/咳嗽/头疼/发烧/牙疼/胃疼 have trouble/difficulties/problems/fun doing 做…有麻烦/困难/问题/愉快 have a good / great time 过得愉快9.look at 看一看look after 照顾 look like 长得像look for 寻找 look out 小心look over 仔细检查 look up 查阅look through 浏览 look forward to doing 盼望期望 10.make sure 确信 make faces 做鬼脸 make mistakes (a mistake) 犯错误 make a noise 吵闹 make a decision 做决定 make phone calls 打电话 make up one’s mind 下决心 make friends with sb. 交朋友 11.set off 出发动身启程 set up建立 set out 出发动身（同set off） 12. do one’s best 尽最大努力 do one’s homework 做作业 do well in 擅长 do the chore 做家务 do exercises 做运动 13.put on 穿上put off 推迟 put up 粘贴举起put out 扑灭 put away 把…收好put down 放下；写下 14. take out 取出take care of 照顾 take away 拿走take after 长得像 take place 发生take notes 记笔记 take photos 照相take part in 参加 take pride in 对…感到自豪/骄傲 take off 脱下；飞机起飞 15.think about 考虑 think of 想起;认为 think over 仔细考虑 16.hear of （间接）听说 hear about 听说 hear from 收到…的来信 17.write down 写下write to sb给某人写信
l．动词+about speak／talk about 谈论 think about 思考 care about 关心，对……有兴趣bring about 引起，使发生 set about 着手，开始 come about 发生 hear about 听说 worry about 为……担心2．动词+away throw away 扔掉 blow away 吹走 carry away 拿走，使入迷 clear away 清除掉，消散 die away 逐渐消失,减弱 pass away 去世 wash away 冲走 take away 拿走，使消失 put away 收拾起来，存起来 give away 背弃，泄漏，赠送 wear away 磨掉，消耗 break away 摆脱 send away 让走开 turn away 把……打发走3．动词+back keep back 隐瞒，忍住 look back(on) 回顾 hold back 控制住 give back 归还 call back 回电话 take back 拿回，收回 4．动词+for run for 竞选 ask for 要求得到 wait for 等候 stand for 代表，表示 long for 渴望 hope/wish for 希望得到 care for 关心，喜欢 beg for 乞求 search for 查找 look for 寻找 call for 需要，要求 hunt for 寻找 change…for用……换 charge…for收费，要价 apply for 申请 take…for误以为……是 seek for 寻找 come for 来拿，来取5．动词+down burn down 烧毁 break down 坏了，垮了，分解 take down 记下，记录 turn down 调小，拒绝 cut down 削减，砍倒 slow down 慢下来 pass down 传下来 put down 记下，写下，镇压 calm down 平静下来 bring down 使……降低，使倒下 settle down 安家 come down 下落，传下 tear down 拆毁，拆除 6．动词+at come at 向……袭击 shout at 冲(某人)嚷嚷 run at 冲向，向……攻击 work at 干……活动(研究) tear at 用力撕 look at 看，注视 stare at 凝视 glare at 怒视 glance at 匆匆一瞥 laugh at 嘲笑 knock at 敲(门、窗等) point at 指向 smile at 冲(某人)笑 strike at 向……打击 aim at 向……瞄准 shoot at 向……射击 wonder at 惊讶 call at 拜访(地点) 7．动词+from differ from 与……不同 suffer from 受……苦 hear from 收到……来信
英语动词分类大全（附练习） 十大词类2010-11-01 08:23:01 阅读1174 评论6 字号：大中小订阅 一、什么是动词 动词是用来表示主语做什么（即行为动词），或表示主语是什么或怎么 样（即状态动词）的词，例如： The boy runs fast.（这个男孩跑得快。）runs表示主语的行为 He is a boy.（他是个男孩。）is与后面的表语a boy表示主语的状态 二、动词的分类 动词可以按照含义及它们在句中的作用分成四类，即行为动词（也称实义动词）、连系动词、助动词和情态动词。 （一）行为动词 行为动词（实义动词）是表示行为、动作或状态的词。它的词义完整， 可以单独作谓语。例如： I live in Beijing with my mother.（我和我妈妈住在北京。）live，住 It has a round face.（它有一张圆脸。）has，有 （二）连系动词 连系动词是表示主语“是什么”或“怎么样”的词，它虽有词义，但不完整，所以不能单独作谓语，必须跟表语一起构成合成谓语，例如： We are in Grade Two this year.（今年我们在两年级。）are，是are 这个词的词义“是”在句子中常常不译出。 连系动词可具体分为三类：
1、表示“是”的动词be。这个词在不同的主语后面和不同的时态中有不同的形式，is，am，are，was，were，have/has been等要特别予以 注意。例如： He is a teacher.（他是个教师。） He was a soldier two years ago.（两年前他是个士兵。） We are Chinese.（我们是中国人。） 2、表示“感觉”的词，如look（看起来），feel（觉得，摸起来），smell （闻起来），sound（听起来），taste（尝起来）等，例如： She looked tired.（她看一去很疲劳。） I feel ill.（我觉得不舒服。） Cotton feels soft.（棉花摸起来很软。） The story sounds interesting.（这个故事听起来很有趣。）The flowers smell sweet.（这些花闻起来很香。） The mixture tasted horrible.（这药水太难喝了。） 3、表示“变”、“变成”的意思的词，如become, get, grow, turn, 都解释 为“变”、“变得”，例如： She became a college student.（她成了一名大学生。） He feels sick. His face turns white.（他感到不舒服，他的脸色变苍白 了。） The weather gets warmer and the days get longer when spring comes. （春天来了，天气变得暖和些了，白天也变得较长些了。） He grew old.（他老了。） [难点解释]
初中英语常见动词短语归纳A)动词+ 介词 agree with同意......的意见(想法);符合 base on以......(为)根据 listen to听...... get to到达...... fall off (从......)掉下 help ... with ...帮助(某人)做(某事) knock at /on敲(门、窗) laugh at嘲笑 learn ... from ...向......学习 live on继续存在;靠......生活
look after照顾,照看 look at看;观看 look for寻找 look like看起来像 pay for (sth.)付钱;支付 point at指示;指向 point to指向...... prefer to ...宁愿(选择);更喜欢 quarrel with (和某人)吵架 regard ... as ...把......当作......;当作 stop ... from阻止......做...... talk about说话;谈话;谈论
talk with与......交谈 think about考虑 think of认为;想起 B)动词+ 副词 ask for请求;询问 carry on坚持下去;继续下去 cut down砍倒 clean up清除;收拾干净 come down下来;落 come along来;随同 come in进来 come on来吧;跟着来;赶快
come out出来;出现;(花)开;发(芽) come over过来;顺便来访 drop off放下(某物);下车 eat up吃光;吃完 fall behind落在......后面;输给别人 fall down跌倒;从......落下 find out查出(真相) get back回来;取回 get down下来;落下;把......取下来 get off下来;从......下来 get on上(车) get up起床
一、选择题 1．Karen and Helen _______ my brother's friends. I know _______. A．is; her B．are; them C．are; her D．is; them 2．Kay looked _________ at the guests who said that the food she cooked tasted _________. A．happily; wonderfully B．happily; wonderful C．happy; wonderful D．happy; wonderfully 3．I don’t have a baseball, but Alan A．do B．does C．have D．has 4．—Listen! I can hear someone __________ for help. —Is there __________? A．calling; anything wrong B．call; anything wrong C．calling; wrong anything D．call; wrong anything 5．Our school basketball team ________ in the final of the basketball competition. Another team from No.5 Middle School ________ doing very well too. A．is; isn’t B．are; aren’t C．is; are D．are; is 6．—Why ______ you so busy these days? —Because they arrived ______ London ______ the morning of July1. A．are; in , in B．are; in , on C．do; on , in D．do; at , on 7．A number of visitors ________visiting our school. The number of them________ about 180. A．is;are B．are; is C．is; is D．are; are 8．—William, your hat _______ nice. —Thanks. A．buys B．looks C．finds 9．This is a photo of my grandpa. He young A．looks B．feels C．sounds D．hears 10．Lily and Lucy _______ their mother. They have big eyes and yellow hair. A．like both B．both are like C．both like D．are both like 11．—He’s never been late for school. —________________. A．So have I B．So am I C．Neither have I D．Nor am I 12．In the past he often made his sister____, but now he is often made ___by his sister. A．to cry; to cry B．cry; cry C．to cry; cry D．cry; to cry 13．This my sister and those my brothers. A．is, is B．are, are C．is, are 14．— Tom in the library? —Yes,and his friends Eric and Dale in the library,too. A．Is;are B．Is;is C．Are;is
一．动词概述 注：英语行为动词也可以分为及物动词和不及物动词。及物动词是必须带宾语的动词。可以分为两类：（1）及物动词+宾语（2）及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 My mother bought me a gift. (可以接双宾语的词有：give, teach, buy, l end, find, hand, l eave, sell, show, read, pay, make, offer, buil d, pass, bring, cook等 不及物动词不需要跟宾语，本身意义完整。有些不及物动词加上介词后变成及物性短语动词，后跟宾语。She did not reply to my l etter。 英语中接双宾语的动词 award sb. sth. = award sth. to sb. 颁奖给某人 bring sb. sth. = bring sth. to sb. 把某物带给某人 hand sb. sth. =hand sth. to sb. 把某物递给某人 lend sb. sth. = lend sth. to sb. 把某物借给某人 mail sb. sth. = mail sth. to sb. 把某物寄给某人 offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb. 将某物给某人 owe sb. sth. = owe sth. to sb. 欠某人某物 pass sb. sth. = pass sth. to sb. 把某物递给某人 pay sb. sth. = pay sth. to sb. 付给某人某物（钱） post sb. sth. = post sth. to sb. 把某物寄给某人 read sb. sth. = read sth. to sb. 把某物读给某人听 return sb.sth. = return sth. to sb. 把某物还给某人 send sb. sth. = send sth. to sb. 把某物送给某人 sell sb. sth. = sell sth. to sb. 把某物卖给某人 serve sb. sth. = serve sth. to sb. 拿某物招待某人 show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb. 拿某物给某人看 take sb. sth. = take sth. to sb. 把某物拿给某人 teach sb. sth. = teach sth. to sb. 教某人某物 tell sb. sth. = tell sth. to sb. 告诉某人某情况 throw sb. sth. = throw sth. to sb. 把某物扔给某人 write sb. sth. = write sth. to sb. 给某人写信 2、双宾语易位时需借助介词for的常用动词 book sb. sth. = book sth. for sb. 为某人预定某物 buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb. 为某人买某物 choose sb. sth. = choose sth. for sb. 为某人选某物 cook sb. sth. = cook sth. for sb. 为某人煮某物
2016中考英语：重点单词短语用法大总结 ◆1.cost/take/spend/pay花费 花费时间做某事：It takes sb sometime to do sth.=sb spend sometime(in)doing sth.=sb spend some time on sth. 某人花钱买某物： sb spend some money on sth . = sb pay some money for sth . = sth cost sb . some money . ※ spend 和 pay 主语都是人， cost 主语是物。 ※ spent 还可以指“度过”→ How did you spend your weekend ? The sweater ________ me 90 yuan . =I_______ 90 yuan for the sweater .=I _____ 90 yuan on the sweater . He spent lots of money ________ the mobile phone . It ________ her 20 minutes to go home everyday . = He ________ 20 minutes ________ home every day . ◆2 . thanks for为…而感谢 ⑴ ______inviting me to your birthday party . thanks to 多亏/由于 ⑵______ your help.I got good grades . ◆3 . 感叹句：多么… what + 名词 how + 形容词 / 副词 ⑴. ______ bad weather !⑵. ______ hard he works ! ⑶. ______ fresh vegetables ! ⑷. ______ cute a monkey it is ! ◆4 . 因为、由于： because( 连词 ) +从句： ( 表示原因 ) because of(介词短语) + 名词(短语 )= thanks to ⑴ I didn’t go to school ______ I had a headache . He was late for class ______ the bad weather. He can’t come _____ he is ill . Many people have a cold _____ the cold weather . ※because和 so不能同时连用 . ◆5 . 来自： be from = come from
必备英语中考英语动词短语中考题集锦 一、动词 1．John the TV and helped his mother with the housework. A. turned off B. heard from C. joined in D. looked after 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：约翰关掉电视然后帮他的妈妈做家务。ed off关掉．heard from得到消息．joined in参加，加入．looked after照顾．根据句意可知选A。 【点评】考查动词短语的辨析。 2．—Who reached the station on time? —I ! In fact, I arrived there 5 minutes earlier. A. was B. reached C. did D. do 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】问句的谓语动词为行为动词reach的过去式，故在作简短回答时，需要借助助动词did．故选C。句意是：—谁按时到达了车站？—我！实际上我提前五分钟就到了那里。 【点评】本题考查助动词的使用。 3．Emily's new books are very popular. They were ________in an hour. A. sold out B. showed up C. put off D. took out 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】be+动词过去分词表被动语态。A.sold out售完；B.showed up揭露，出现；C.put off推迟，延期；D.took out取出；根据句意：艾米丽的新书很受欢迎。它们在一小时内___。故选A。 4．Thomas Edison was such a great person who never that he made so many great inventions all his life. A. took up B. thought up C. made up D. gave up 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】。句意:爱迪生是如此伟大的人物, 一生中他从来不放弃他做的这么多的发明。A. took up接收；B. thought up想出；C. made up编造；D. gave up放弃。根据语意故答案选D。
初中英语动词短语整理 1. break break down破坏，出毛病，拆开 break off暂停，中断 break in破门而入，打断 break into破门而入，突然…起来 break out爆发 break away from打破陈规；奋力挣脱；放弃习惯break through 出现，突破 break up打碎，拆散，分裂、分解 2. call call at a place (车船等)停靠;到某地拜访。call away 叫走，叫开…;转移(注意力等)。 call back唤回; 回电话; call for需要，要求 call for sth (sb) 喊着叫某人来 call in 叫进，请进; 找来，请来;来访；收回call off取消; 叫走，转移开 call (up)on sb 拜访或看望某人 call sb sth 为某人叫某物 call (up)on sb to do sth 叫(请)某人做某事call up给…打电话; 想起，回忆起; 召集，应召入伍 call out大喊，高叫;叫出去 3. come come down下跌，落，降，传下来 come in进来 come out出版，结果是 come on来临/ 快点 come along一道来，赶快 come over走过来 come up发芽，走近 come back回来 come from来自，源自 4. cut cut down砍倒，削减cut up连根拔除，切碎 5. die die of死于（疾病，饥饿，寒冷，情感原因）die from死于（外界原因） die out绝种 6. fall fall behind落后 fall down掉下，跌倒 fall into 落入；陷入 fall off 从。。。掉下 fall out与。。。争吵 7. go go along沿着。。。。走 go through通过，经受 go over复习，检查 go up（价格）上涨，建造起来 go against违反 go away离开 go by时间过去 go down降低，（日、月）西沉 go on(with)继续进行 go out外出，熄灭 go off发出响声 8. get get down下来，记下，使沮丧 get on进展，进步，穿上，上车 get off脱下,下车 get away逃跑，逃脱，去休假 get over克服，从疾病中恢复 get along with进展，相处 get up起床 get into (trouble) 陷入困境中 get back取回，收回 get out 出去 .