环球雅思写作笔记

2.社会主义本质理论对探索怎样建设3.社19会57主年义2月具，有毛重在要《的关实于践正意确义处。理社人会民主内义2.社部本科会矛质学主盾理的义的论1本本问的.邓质质题提小是的》出平创科讲，提新学话为出，内中我“创涵提们社邓新。出寻始会小的邓（找终主平关小1一代义）坚键平种表的我2持在对能.1中本国把科人社9够国质社5发学才会从4先，会展社年，主更进是主作会，人义深生解义为主毛才本层产放制执义在的质次1力生度政理《成所.认社1的产还兴论论长作.识会 发发力刚国和十靠的社主 展展，刚的实大教概会义 才要发建第践关坚育括主本 是求展立一的系2持。，义质 硬、，生，要基》以人一，理 道发大产还务本重发才方从论 理展力力没是成要展资面而把 ，才促，有由果讲社的源强为我 把是进消完中，话会办是调中四们 发（硬先灭全国抓中主法第必国、对 展2道进剥建共住提三义解一）须的科社 生理生削立产“出、经决资采解社学会 产，产，党什（代济前源取放会技主 力是力消还的么1表基进。从和主术义 作）对的除不执是中础科低发义是1的 为吧社3发两完政社9国基的学级展.建第发认 社二国5会展极全地会先本问技到6生设一展识 会、内主，年分巩位主进建题术高产在生才提 主发外义是底化固所义生立，实级力改产是高 义1展一时中我，的决邓产的是力9，革力硬到 建是切间5国最思定怎小力同实和国另3开道了 设党积经共对终想年的样平的时行国家一放理一 的执极验产农达。1，建一发，改民资方中2，个 根政因教党业到（是设月再展我革教本面探是新 本兴素训站、共2对社，强要国开育主指索）适的 任国都的在手一同执会毛调求的放水义出出第创应科 务在的调深时工、富1政主泽，政以平的4了一三造.时学 ，社第动刻坚代.业发裕规义东中一治来，过2解条节性代水 符会一起总持前.和展。律”关社 国个领我始度放发、地主平 合阶要来结社列资才”认这于会 社公域们终形和展社提题。 马级务为。会，本是1识个总主 会有也党是式发更会9出变社 克二关中主保硬的根8路义 主制发的衡。展快主了化会 思6、系国义持道3深本线基 义占生一年量所生、义社.的主社发解用工现理化问的本 基主了条，综谓产人的会需义会生决和业金商，题1完制 本体重主邓合国力民根主要本 基.主变事所平化向业1也，整度 制，大要小国家的享本9义。质 本义化业有方建的是深5的度一变经平力资手受社任理 原6本的服问法设根社对刻表确 的个化验年提和本段到会 1务论 理第质同务题进与本会一党揭.述立 确共，。出社主社和社主基的 ，二理时的行社体主、实示：， 立同确苏“会义会目会3义本提 是节论，基关改会现义社现了.从为 ，富立共社文，社主的主一改矛出 巩、的我本键造主和改会其社中当 使裕了二会明就会义。义、造盾， 固对重国方是。义根造之所会华代 占，中十主程是主基建中的和为 和第社要针这改本基一承主人中 世这国大义度在义本设国基两进 发一会意。靠不造要本本担义民国 界是共以财的国基制内成特本类一 展节主义的（自仅同求完质的本共一 人我产后富重家本度涵果色完矛步 社、义主2己保时。成理历质和切 口们党毛属要直）制的包最伴社成盾推 会中本要的证并，论史，国发 四必领泽于标接正度确括大随会，的进 主国质矛发了举标第的这成展 分须导东人志控确的立（，着主是学改 义特理盾展2社。志五提需是立进 之坚的提民。制处确是1.能社义我说采革 制色论也。会实着章）出要对，步 一持人出，和理立中够会建国，取开 度社的发的践中把。马到奠 的民要社支经，国社充经设强积放 的会提生稳证国解克社定 东民“会配济是历会分济道调极和 必主出了定明历放思会了 方主以下建4广史主体制路要引社 然义变，.史和主主把制 大专苏义的设大上义现度初严导会 要二建化而党上发义义对度 国政为的资和劳最的出和步经格、主 求设。且坚长展的改企基 进党的鉴致本社动深本对社探济区逐义 。确道人极持达生重造业础 入在根社”富主会人刻质资会索结分步现立路民大社数产大基的。 了过本会，是义发民最和本经的构过代社的对的会千力逐发本改社渡原主探全经展真伟根主济理发正渡化会初于促主年概步展完造会时则义索民济中正大本义结论生确的建新主步经进义的括实，成和主期。基自共的成任优构成了处方设中义探济了改阶为现对，对义总本己同国一为社务越的果根理式提国基索文社造级国于这人制 社路政的致家系国会性根本两。供的本化会与剥家建是的度 会线治道富资列家变的一本变类中了成制迅主社削的设一改的 ，第制路。本重的革道、变化不国强立度速义会制社中个造建 这三主度。社大主，路社化，同这大，的发事主度的会国过结立 是节要。会义关人也，1会社性场的标重展业义的本主特.渡合极 世、内人主有系解和是奠主我会质巨思志大的的工结（质义色时起大 界社容民义初。决社2定义国主的大想着意需发业束30。工社期来地 社（会被民原级了会）世了基社义矛而武我义要展化，（业会。，提 会2主概则和3在生把纪理本会经盾深器国同），同实2化主党把高 主对义括专，高一产资中）论制的济，刻。新经遵改总时现新是义在对了 义手制为政第级个资本国强基度阶成在特的通民济循革之并了民党具这资工 运二七度“实一形以料主又调础的级分新别社过主文自4过，举由主在有个本人 动、届 业在一质是式农的.（义一消，初关已民是它会（没主化愿于和的新主过重过主阶 史新社二 的中化上发之民主1工次灭开步系占主要是变4收义不互集平方民（）义渡大渡义级 上民会中 社国三已展）分为人商划剥阔确也绝主正中革官能利中改针主3用社时的时工和 又主全 会的改成生坚。主）业时削了立发对义确国，僚命满、的造，主和会期理期商广 一主义会确”为产持初题正者代，广2生优革处革不资阶足典计解对义平的论.的业大 个义改提立。无，积级资的确改的消阔了势命理命仅√本段人型划决于向赎五总和总搞劳 历革造出 改“产第极形本、分造历除前根，理人的没中而民示体了在社3买种路实路糟动 史命的使 造一阶二领式主落（.析成史两景本社论民具有国形基需党范制诸深会的经线践线成人 性理历中 ，化级是导的义后1农为巨极。√的会内体对革成本要的和如刻主）方济的意和为民 的论史国 党”专共、工的村自变分邓中主指部实生命的结建国初实的义积法成主义总自的 伟是经“ 和即政同稳家商半的食。化小国义导矛际产在走社束状设家步现社的极改分体。任食积 大以验稳 政社；致步资业殖阶其们平社革。公下盾出力一农会和况。帮构社会转引造—。务其极 胜一毛步 府会人富前本的民级力吐对1会命有，。发的个村主社之加助想会变导资—要.，力性 利、泽地 采主民。进农社地和的出社第必制中（，发以包义会间强的，变革农本社从是的和 。适东由 取义代”的业会半阶社了会二须已国3不展农围的主党原要革中社民主会根）要社创合为农 了工表这方是、主封层会最主节级走成共拘造民城国义矛的则求与保会组义主本从在会造中主业 积大段针国手义建状主终义、构农为产泥成为市营改盾建，2中经持主织工义上全一主性国要极化会话，家工改的.况义达本社成村我党武于破主、经造，设以央济社义起商性改体个义。特代转 领，制成采对业造东，劳到质会主包国领装已坏体武济阶成，互向发会基来业中质变人相劳点表变 导“度为取私的方制动共所主要围社导斗有，的装段为（助地展稳本，。国的中民当动的为 ，三、社循营社大定者同作义有城会中争的而半夺掌我1合方，定制走共国出长者社中工 稳改会序）会国正。富的改工市国。现且殖取握开国作分和，度互产营贫发的。会国业 步”主渐商必主里逐确裕理造人、经武成促民政了始社的权平促在助3党经穷，时主共国 前即义进业须义步的这论二道阶武济民.装结进半权主。会优和新过进我合领济落“期义产， 进对本的实把改行形阶一概、路级装基取斗论了封的要从越扩民渡生国作导、后统内改党由 的个质步行思造革成级社括党和、夺础得争，生建道经中主性大主与产初道的半筹，造人新 方体领论骤委2想命了政会，在历农取。了是运产的路济华要吸企主消力.步路革社面兼逐新道，民 针农导断。托建的理策主对过史民政新中用力过，命人矛引业义灭发确。一命会貌顾步民路把主 。业

Task1: Graph Description Objective description1）Understanding the graph;2) Describing the main features3) Making comparisons whererelevantI. VocabularygraphTableBar chartPie chartLine graph=curveDiagramFlow chartPicturesMapsreveal, demonstrategive/make a description ofcomparison Beginning:1) 3wh’s or 2wh’swhatwhen: year, daywhere: a country, a company 2) As can be seen from thegraph, …From the graph, it is clear that…As is illustrated/shown/displayedby/in the graph, …3) FromAccording toBased onOn the basis ofthe information given in the (first)graph,…datastatistic figuresfiguresstatistic informationstatisticsofferedprovidedshownillustrateddisplayeddemonstratedpresented4) A(n) opinion poll/research/survey/report/experimentcarried out/conducted by …reveals that …showsillustratesdisplaysrosedeclined 1)slowly/dramaticallywithin these 5years2) to 680 in June3) significantly from480 in June to 680 inJulyremained steadystableconstantunchanged…the same with that/those of the year 2005…did not change… remains steady at 5,000 a year/ per year.…stayed at 5,000 per year fluctuated upward within these 10yearsdownwardaround 5,000between 4,500 and 5,000 II. What information should be described?1) 最高值(Net) profits, sales volume, the amount (of money), the sum of (money)reached=came togot toamounted toits= theIn 1998, the number of private cars in China came to its highest point at 1 million.In 1998, the number of private cars in China came to its highest point, reaching as many as 1 million.In 2006, the amount of money invested/spent in agriculture/thecountryside by the Chinese government got to the peak, reaching as much as 10 billion. 2) 最低值The number of trainees of our company bottomed out at only 100 in Feb. this year.3) 整数10,2049,8273,657just over 10,000just under 10,000approximately/nearly/about/close to 10,000well under 4,000well over 3,0004) 倍数The number of students in our class is 3 times as large as that in their class.The number of students in our class is twice larger than that in their class.The students in our class are 3 times as many as those in their class.The students in our class are twice more than those in their class.The money I earn each month is 3 times as much as you do.5) 总体趋势It can be seen clearly that…It can be clearly seen that…6) 将来信息By the end of the year1989, the number of private cars in China had reached 1 million, while based on the present rate of increase, that number is expected/predicted/forecast to rise to 5 million by the year 2020. will have done5 hundredthousandmillionbillionMillions upon millions of people are gathered in the People’s Square to celebrate…7) 占比率/百分比take up…constituted 15%The number of the students in our class constitutes one third/ 1/3 of the total.The percentage of …is 30%larger than that of …… increased by 35%.Eighty percent/80% of the students in the Global English School come from Hubei Province.8) 与…相比Compar ed with 20% in the year …Compar ed with America, China…Compar ed with 1992, 2002 saw a great increase in the number of …Compared with 60% in 2002, only 30% of the high graduates could go to college in 1980.The number of trainees in our company increased significantly in June.There was a significant increase in the number of trainees in our company in June.Our company saw/witnessed/experienced a significant increase in the number of trainees in our company in June.June this year saw/witnessed/ experienced a significant increase in the number of trainees in our company.March this year saw the largest number in/of the trainees of our company, reaching as many as 800.Japan sees/enjoys the longest life expectancy among the four countries, followed by the United States, whose average life span is 3 years more than that of Germany, with Zaire at the end of the list, merely 48 years old.The year 1998 witnessed the highest point in the sales volume of the private cars, reaching as much as 5 million.Flow chart: ProcessesFigures/numbers=information1) Key words & expressions2) pictures=informationfirst of all,then,and then,after that,afterwards,…before doing…After doing something, …therefore/consequentlyas a result of this,and because of this,the first step/stage/process/procedure is that…the next step/stage is that…finallypictures/maps: Locationsin front ofbehindat the back ofat the far back ofon the lefton the left side of …on the left upper corner of …on the right lower corner ofin the center of..in the middle ofin the central part/area of…There is …There stands ……be situated/located in/on/by/besideThe office building is located in the central part of the square, by which, there is a swimming-pool,in which there are five old people swimming.jackdeng2004@ Organization: framework Beginning (1-2 sentences)Body (1-3 paras.)Ending (optional)In sum,To summarize…。

雅思写作范文环球雅思Global IELTS Writing SampleThe world today is more interconnected than ever before. With the rapid advancement of technology, people from different countries can easily communicate, trade, and travel across borders. This increased global interconnectivity has both positive and negative impacts on people's daily lives.On the positive side, the global interconnectivity allows individuals to access an unprecedented amount of information. The internet has made it possible for people to learn about different cultures, languages, and perspectives simply by searching online. This knowledge broadens people's horizons and fosters cultural understanding and tolerance. It also enables individuals to connect with like-minded people from around the world, forming virtual communities and exchanging ideas. This global exchange of ideas can lead to innovation and progress in various fields.In addition to knowledge sharing, global interconnectivity has also revolutionized trade and commerce. Companies can now market their products and services to a global audience using online platforms. This allows businesses to reach consumers in different countries, leading to economic growth and job creation. Moreover, global supply chains enable the efficient production and distribution of goods, benefiting both producers and consumers. This interconnectedness also encourages international collaboration and cooperation, fostering a sense of unity among nations.However, there are also negative aspects of global interconnectivity. One significant concern is the increased vulnerability to cyber threats and scams. As more personal and financial information is shared online, individuals are at a higher risk of identity theft and fraud. Moreover, global interconnectivity has resulted in the spread of misinformation and fake news, making it challenging for people to distinguish between accurate and false information.Furthermore, the global interconnectivity has created a digital divide between developed and developing countries. Not everyone has access to the internet or the necessary skills to navigate the digital world. This digital divide exacerbates existing social and economic inequalities, limiting the opportunities available to those in developing nations.In conclusion, global interconnectivity has both positive and negative impacts on people's daily lives. While it provides access to a vast amount of information and facilitates trade and cooperation, it also poses various challenges such as cyber threats and the digital divide. It is crucial for individuals and governments to manage these challenges effectively to maximize the benefits of global interconnectivity.。

科技类一、原因状语从句1. Since computer science has been developing so fast in the modern society, numerous students choose this major as their inclination when they attend universities.2. People need not have frequent face-to-face contact with each other in business as they do in the past, fo r computers can handle and convey majority of information which once must be dealt with at a meeting.3. Computers are widely accepted by people in the information age, as they, to some extent, make many things which are considered as unaccomplished tasks in the past become available and true in the present.4. Majority of people impute/attribute the great social transformation to the development and revolution of science and technology which is closely related to their daily life.二、条件状语从句1. If robots can be manipulated much more precisely and flexibly by computers to accomplish some sorts of tasks which may be dangerous or complex to the human being, our work will be more secure and simple with highproductivity as well.2. Provided/suppose that the usage of multi-media technology is widely adopted by schools during teaching and learning, the teaching level will be enormously heightened in the long run.3. The computer software industry will develop much more healthily in the future in China on condition that the authorities concerned strengthen the protection of the copy right.三、核心词汇e-commerce电子商务cyber safety网络安全online transaction在线交易net/cyber/internet网络e-learning在线学习distance learning 远程教育，远程学习discussion room讨论室computer-assisted learning计算机辅助学习mobile phone手机、移动电话bluetooth蓝牙ring tone电话铃音electromagnetic field电磁场MP3 playback Mp3播放Invade privacy侵犯隐私Wireless technology无线技术SMS: short message service手机短信、短信服务Motivation动机Laptop笔记本电脑、便携式电脑Hacker黑客Online shopping网络购物Security issue安全问题Distance education远程教育Online course在线课程，网络课程Online forum网络论坛Internet infrastructure网络基础设施Cellular telephone移动电话、手机Radiation辐射Built-in camera内置摄像头Internet browsing网页浏览Memo备忘录Microwave emission放射微波Wireless fidelity: Wi-Fi无线保真Surf on the net上网Hi-tech features高科技功能Website网站Convenient方便的Productivity生产力Geographical barrier地理障碍Digital数字、数码Electronic电子的Virtual world虚拟世界Infringe the privacy侵犯隐私Pirate['paiərit]剽窃Security安全With the click of a mouse/ present鼠标轻点In a virtual world在一个虚拟的世界An information age信息时代Be lost in迷失于、沉湎于Stay in touch with保持联系Cause damage to one’s healt h损害某人的健康Log on the Internet登陆互联网Have/gain access to any information or knowledge获得任何信息/知识Cutting-edge technology尖端科技Information explosion信息爆炸Due to the proliferation of the Internet由于互联网的普及With an increasing popularity of mobile phones随着手机的不断流行Innovation创新Labor-saving machinery劳力节省机械Biotechnology生物技术Telecommunication电信、远程通讯Space exploration太空探索Hacker黑客Conventional method常规方法Online retailer网络零售商Netizen ['netizən]网民Cost-effective划算的、成本节约型Blog博客Cybercrime网络犯罪Offensive攻击的、无礼的Pornography [pɔ:'nɔɡrəfi]色情Violence暴利Illegal gambling非法赌博Questionable contents可以内容、有问题的内容四、万能思路Positive impacts:1. improve work efficiency2. convenience, with the click of a mouse, cost-effective3. promote and facilitate communication4. obtain information in vari ous ways, enrich one’s knowledgeNegative impacts:1. invade one’s privacy2. less quality family time, increasing work pressure3. security issue, cyber crimes4. questionable contents, pornography, violence5. physical problem, radiation, weaken eyesight, less outdoor exercise6. psychological problem, indulge in virtual world, become solitary, be isolated from the real world, weaken the relationships with family members and friendsEg. 1The range of technology is increasing the gap between the rich and the poor. To what extent do you agree?Give reasons for your answer and include relevant examples from your own knowledge and experience.提纲：观点：不是科技而是社会财富分配不均导致的。

雅思写作之写作笔记纲要一、小作文：1.首段：1-2句（90%一句简单句或者复杂句均可）2.中间段1：2-3句（一般2句复杂句，1句简单句）中间段2：2-3句（一般2句复杂句，1句简单句）注:复杂句95%为并列句，偶有状语从句。

3.末端：1句（简单句或者复杂句均可）4.全篇150-180字，160字左右最佳。

简单句平均15字，复杂句平均30字。

中间段、复杂句隔离分析。

以上数据加上中间段复杂句的单独分析，于是不难解决一个重大问题：小作文数据信息的择取问题——这也是小作文写作的核心问题。

小作文最难的地方在于如何取舍有效数据。

哪些该表达，哪些不需要。

数据多时，如何取重要的；数据少时,如何榨搅。

5.解决方法：中间段只写两大信息点。

每个大信息点用两个小信息点并列式组成。

这样构成2个复合句。

其余信息用一个简单句补充。

二、大作文：1.首段：2-3句：需要表达自己观点时-3句，不需要就2句。

其中1-2个复杂句，1个简单句。

2.中间段1：3-4句：2-3句复杂句，1-2句简单句。

80%复杂句为并列句、状语从句、名词性从句、另外，多插入语。

介词短语和分词短语。

中间段2：（同上）3.末段：2-3句。

（2个复杂句，1个简单句）4.全篇：250-290字，270字左右为最佳。

简单句平均14字，复杂句平均28字。

中间段单独分析。

中间段考官从未采取列点法写作。

该方法容易给人空洞感。

现在的考官需要实在的逻辑分析，而不是列几点，然后每点给一句话的解释。

这些完全是不够的。

考官的论证方法如下：1. 观点——正面递进——举例论证——结论2.观点——反面驳论——正面论证——举例3. 观点——正面递进——正面再递进——结论以上可以看出考官看任何一主题段从来都只谈一点，然后充分谈透（给出严密的论证过程）。

结论段给论点也是高分的亮点，考前应充分准备几个常用观点。

第三步，素材准备。

对于像我这样写作没有什么功底，又很少练习的，要想到考试时间紧张的情况下写出高质量的句子，用高级的词汇。

雅思大作文Task2 心得笔记具体问题具体分析的能力是很多官方作文有所体现的一种思维素养。

1.Refer to… =can be defined as/…is regarded as 这个词组在高分作文中经常用来在主体段对某一概念下定义2.It is suggested that 是一种不指明观点持有人的提问看法的形式，在论文中极为常见。

类似的有: It is argued that…;It is advised that…; It is believed that…3.Tend to是雅思作文中一个极为常用的动词短语：倾向于怎样做= be inclined to4.Accordingly 相应地，经常用于议论文的句首5.In terms of 在官方范文中常用，意为“就…….而言，在……方面”，经常用在句首引出状语提前句式=with regard to e.g. Their adult world will be changing constantly in terms of technology and the Internet is the key to all the knowledge and information available in the world today.e.g. To conclude, growing up in poor families may be in fact anchildren’s development because it helps to cultivate some qualities that adult success requires.e.g.In terms of their career, these teachers and doctors may think of themselves as complete failures because they may beunable to keep up with their colleagues after spending some time in the countryside.5. (1) Regardless of 后面除了跟从句外还可以跟名词或者名词短语, “无论……，不管……”e.g. Others think the true function of a university should be give access to knowledge for its one sake, regardless of whether the course is useful to employersIt is true that space missions satisfy human curiosity about other planets and the rocks brought back by astronauts may serve useful experimental purposes, regardless of how odd-shaped they are.(2) For the sake of = for the purpose of improvinge.g. Today, numerous/a host of/ a vast number of(修饰可数名词) elderly people prefer to live in the countryside for the sake of their health.6. I would be hard-pressed to imagine…(后面跟观点相反的情况)e.g. I would be hard-pressed to think of any traditional games that can hone such a mixed variety of abilities within such a short period of time.Specifically/More precisely 具体来说7.Require, 当句子主语是事物而不是人称时经常用来代替need8.Rather than, instead of是雅思作文中极为关键的一个连词词组，表示是前面一种情况而非后面一种情况的取舍关系。

3.have influence on=exert influence on 3.diverse array of=all kinds of
4.in the international spectrum=all over the world
3.significant=critical 3.chief=main
4.utilize=get use of lions of =many
5 destroy=lead to a disaster to 5.the excess of=too many/too much
副词：dramatically, exactly, comprehensively, accordingly, seriously
复合词：空
范文评语：
1. 复合词处为空，降低范文的总评印象，指标未完成。
2. 范文内替换为空，作者行文过程没有自主替换意识，相同概念全部避开，虽然词汇绕开了重复的可能，但variety由于该组空缺，不尽完美。
范文内替换（作者实力） 自身替换（读者实力）
1．Be poised on the brink of=face 1.contribute a lot to=lead to
2.growing population=more an d more people 2.the largest wave of=large
强化写作范文笔记
词法篇（五类技术指标）
第一篇：单边支持第一宝-八股文
题目：强化讲义8页some people claim that the increasingly frequent business and cultural communications are positive whereas others hold a different opinion. Discuss.

写作笔记评分标准：一、审题二、描述（主要指小作文，小作文不可以添加任何评论性言语）三、论点、论证能力（大作文的论点控制在2-3个左右）四、清晰的表达能力大作文结构:开头段落（50个字左右）：背景信息（2-3句话）个人观点（个人观点控制在一句话左右，务必简单明确）个人观点分为三种：同意反对中立（完全中立和偏向性中立）主体段落（150个字左右）：2-3个自然段每个自然段：开头第一句话为主题句第二句话至末尾为论述句结尾段落（50个字左右）：suggestion or restatement 建议或者重述(3-4句话) 主流题型：PROBLEM/SOLUTION1、Beginning: Background InformationYour Opinion(概括)Body:问题以及解决方法分别陈列P1 P2 P3 …S1 S2 S3Conclusion: Restatement(重申时不要引出新话题)2、Beginning:同上Body:每个问题各写一段进行详细陈述P1 P2 P3Conclusion:总写解决方案S1 S2 S3例子：课本24页Nowadays, more and more children are becoming obese. Give possible reasons and suggestions.AGREE OR DISAGREE/ADVANTAGE OR DISADVANTAGEBeginning: Background InformationYour Opinion(中立具有偏向性)Body: 三分之一篇幅写与自己相反的观点三分之二篇幅写与自己相同的观点先写反，后写正，中间一行过渡段。

Conclusion: Suggestion例子：课本37页Some people think stricter punishment for driving offenders is the only effective way to improve safety on the roads. To what extent do you agree or disagree?主流话题：年轻人（30102，P6）It is right that university graduates should earn higher salary than less well-educated members. But they should pay all the full cost. To what extent you agree or disagree?女性话题（90 P3）A recent research indicated that the rate of crimes committed by young females has been on the rise all over the world. Please give some possible reasons for this sudden increase in crime rate. Also, make some suggestions on how to deal with this social phenomenon.公众类话题（08奥运，体育91 P3）Last year many famous sports professionals earned millions of dollars each. On the other hand, most people in some “ordinary” professions like nurses, doctors and teachers earn only a small fraction of the incomes of these “start”. What do you think about sports stars receiving very high salaries? Is it fair that people with jobs that directly help people are paid much less?科技类话题（98 P4）传统科技模式与现代科技模式的冲突Some people say that the age of book is over and all information will be presented by video, computer, television, film, etc. However, others think that books and the written words will still be necessary for spreading information and completing education. What is your opinion about this issue?环境类话题（79 P3）Waste disposal presents increasing problems, especially in the urban areas of most big cities. Do you think it is true? Give some suggestions for the government and individuals on how to reduce the amount of rubbish.教育类话题（119 P5）In most universities there are a very small number of male students in certain majors like tourism while females students in many science subjects are hard to be found. Therefore, some people think that universities should enroll equal numbers of male and female students in every subject. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion? Give your reasons.媒体类话题（30109 P6）The government should control the amount of violence in films and on television in order to decrease the violent crimes in society. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this issue?国家类话题（100 P4）(110 P5)Many people think that countries in the world have a moral obligation to help each other, while others argue that financial aid to poor countries is often misspent by the governments that receive it. Discuss both viewpoints and give your opinion.(30106 旅游重点)Nowadays, international tourism is the biggest industry in the world. Unfortunately, international tourism creates tension rather than understanding between people form different cultures. To what extent do you agree or disagree?当一个考题涉及一个事物的两个侧面，写作原则必须是中立带有偏向性的观点。

二：写作总的指导5堂课：1.总的知道2.写作流程，问题极其对策——第一段就说3．引言段（开头第一段）是开门见山（英文）还是层层剥开（中文）议论文不可以太长，第一段只能3——5句话4．段落主题句有（英文）没有（中文）不要把每个主题句分散在不同处，在第一句写5．线性段落（英文）还是螺旋性段落（中文）说出来——为什么这样说6．人证（中文）与法证（英文）强调事实、数据、普通人事件、该领域专家7．一般具体（英文）还是曲折前进（中文）8．段内连贯：过渡词语（英语）还是词义重复（中文）英语：形式语言中文：意合语言for， obviously， turn out， as a result， and， in the end 英语靠过渡词的衔接、词汇的纽带、语法的照应9．段落之间的连贯：形和义10．结尾部分是概括（英文）还是训导（中文）二．点评文章第一段一定要有整片文章的中心思想句不要让读者体会，要交代主题交代的观点就要展开，否则就不要展开结构上的错误是致命的不能机械抄袭题目命题中给的应该扩充和延伸中间几段必须是平行的、均匀的三．范文（p74）共21个句子：第一段3句、二4、三5、四4、五2、六3317个词，16个错误（不影响理解）到第五段的old已经满250个词（3、5、5、3四段可满250句）p 22 version C :263个词，14个句子：一4/5、二5、三4、四223个错误四．审题p2 task 1: 正规语言、客观描述p3 范文：第一段：交代三要素——研究时间段、研究具体类别、数据还是百分比——把命题的话细节性地拓宽一下要有比较、运用图表中数据不要有个人评价p5 task 3: 雅思大作文五大类中的一类：问题对策考过三道：1.谈一谈你们国家的交通问题，分析原因，有什么好的建议，措施2．现在家庭关系不如以前，什么原因，有什么好的建议3．新生在上学第一天感到孤独，你怎么看待这一现象，假设你是校长，你会采取什么措施例：交通问题：第一段：主题句，在我的文章中，将分析一下，造成这些交通事故的几个因素问题对策，重心在原因分析中间：司机忽视交通法规交通阻塞，不平心静气地解决行人对交通法规意识淡漠其它原因……最后一段：拿方案（recommendation）First …… secondly…… （建议措施可以代替结论）不要每段列原因和对策，要集中，否则很难控制p5 task 3 小孩看电视 benefits——risks——recommendationp5 task 4 五大题型之二利与弊不要用more and more，用increasing large numbers ofclearly the benefits are perceived to outweigh the inevitable difficulties involoved.四段：有利——不利——好的发扬，不好的除掉五．命题方式和基本的写作思路分解动作：1。

辩论型作文结构开头段3—5句：★（一句背景）+双方观点+说出自己观点+（引起下文）★★（一句背景）+对方观点及1到2个理由+说出自己观点+（引起下文）★★★2—3句背景+说出自己观点理由段2—3段: 主题句（1句）+支持句（3句左右）结尾段1—5句：重申观点+（重申理由，即各用一句改写各理由段的主题句）+（写点别的，如提出希望、发出号召、提出建议等）P.S. ①文章的分段方式：齐头式，每段之间空一行；②每个理由段只有一个main idea，各理由段之间可以有主次之分，但是字数不要相差太多。

blood relation 血缘关系individual care 个性化的照顾time-honored 长期尊崇的（~traditional）repay 回报show respect to 对…表示尊重sunset romance 黄昏恋four generation live under one roof 四世同堂the little screen\the one-eyed monster 电视机\电脑unwholesome 不健康的erotic\obscene\pornography\nasty 情欲的\淫秽的\黄色书刊\肮脏的、下流的开头段2—4句：（一句背景）+双方观点+引起下文3句左右背景二、三段14句左右: 每段概述句（1句）+3个理由（每个理由2句）结尾段3—5句：提出观点+重申理由（各用一句改写上一段中的每个理由）+（写点别的，如提出希望、发出号召、提出建议等）5P.S.①结尾段不能太短，重申理由时应站到第三段那一方，因为第三段的观点考官印象最深刻；②结尾段提出观点还可以是采取折中方案，认为双方观点分别适合不同的情况和不同的人。

Ⅰ.所有辩论型题目都能使用对称性结构，有些辩论型题目不能使用一边倒结构1. What is your opinion?2. What do you think?3. Do you agree of disagree?4. Discuss both sides and give your opinion.5. What are the advantages and disadvantages?Ⅱ.对称型结构比一边倒结构好写，因为支持句可大幅减少Ⅲ.一边倒结构起评分要高出0.5分Ⅰ.160个题库题目提前准备Ⅱ.20个典型题目（联想法）Ⅲ.围绕题目涉及的对象来构思理由Ⅳ.对于一边倒结构，最后一个理由反驳对方对自己的攻击Ⅴ.十大常用理由1. Money（省/费）spend a large sum of money on…lay a heavy financial burden on…create economy profitscontribute much to…release the financial burden of…2. Physical Healthbe beneficial / conductive / harmful / detrimental to / for one’s physical health lead to serious diseases such as lung cancer and heart diseases and even death do harm to one’s eyesignore outdoor activities3. Psychological Healthsuffer from great pressurelead to mental problems such as…loneliness and isolationviolent / obscene4. Fair & Unfairreasonable / unreasonableviolate one’s rights and freedomThose who ＿＿＿＿lay too much emphasis on the rights of ＿＿＿＿.It is one’s duty / responsibility / obligation to do…5. Timebring us great convenience and efficiencymake us work more efficientlyspend too much time on sth, ignoring sth6. Useful & Uselesseffective / ineffectivehave positive / negative effects on…7. Necessary & UnnecessaryNo other method has been discovered which can replace…We have found other methods to…8. Entertainmentbring us a lot of entertainmentsenrich our cultural life9. Educationplay an educational role in our daily lifebroaden one’s sightsprovide us with much useful information10. Safe & Dangerousensure one’s safetypose threat toit is dangerous解释型作文结构（解释的是原因和解决办法）开头段：3句左右背景+（引起下文）或一句过去+一句现在（改写题目）理由段1:1个主题句+3个左右支持句理由段2：同上理由段3：同上（最好写成反驳对方观点的形式，如some people may say…however…）Solutions开头段：3句左右背景Reason段：1句概述+3×2Solution段：1句概述+3×2结尾0-3句：说点别的p.s. 所有的解释型题目都能使用结构Ⅰ，少数解释型题目能使用结构Ⅱ。

文章结构：Introduction, 1-2 sentences, rewrite the questionBody1, 1+X sentences, 第一句总体概括，X句具体介绍数字Body2, 1+X sentences, 第一句总体概括，X句具体介绍数字Conclusion, 1-2 sentences, 第一句介绍总数（可不写）；第二句做总结。

开头段：1-2句，转述原题转述原题3法：①添加单词②删除单词③替换单词（注意：改动不需过多，3-4处，即可）原题一句变两句，两句变一句。

全部改写，要保证语法、句型的正确性。

开头段的时态：永远一般现在时【原文】The table shows the results of a survey in 2004 which asked undergraduate and postgraduate students of a UK university whether they were satisfied with the facilities at the university.【改写】The diagram gives a breakdown（明细表）about different attitudes among undergraduate and postgraduate students towards equipments of a UK college in the year 2004.【原文】The chart below shows the different levels of post-school qualifications in America and the proportion of men and women who held them in 1999.改后：The bar chart illustrates the diverse levels of post-school certificates in the US and the percentage of males and females holding them in 1999.Level out (变得水平；持平)Example: In 1985, earnings leveled out amongst people with a Master’s degree and with a Doctoral degree.句型、词汇、短语：As shown in the first/second …….. ,According to the …….. ,Overall, it can be seen thatThis table shows a striking difference/similarity betweenThe most striking feature of the graph is the sudden increase in the popularity in the computer games.Another fact worth noticing in the graph is that …….后面接完整的句子如果要跟名词不加thatAnother fact worth noticing in the graph is the high cost of fuels.The most remarkable point is that …….The graph shows the difference between the percentages注意用复数of males and females doing full-time jobs.在表示百分数时可以用percent或percentage percentage的一个意思就是百分比(名词)就不能直接跟在数词后面,要表示"百分之36"时,只能说"a PERCENTAGE of 36" 而不是"36 PERCENTAGE"(因为percentage只能作名词);前者用法是: 数词+percent+of+sth;这时后面谓语的单复数以percent后面跟的主语为主,例如:2 percent of the apples(这里是复数的可数名词) are(所以用复数) eaten.2 percent of the apple(这里是单数,指的是一个苹果的一部分) is(用单数) eaten.2 percent of the water(这里是不可数名词) is(单数) drunk.后者的用法是The percentage of +sth+ is, 注意这里不管后面跟的是什么词,都用is(这里忽略别的时态)1.The percentage of the students is 46.2.The percentage of the water is 46.The size of the population will increase shaply in the future..75.6 percent of the male population over sixteen ... …16岁以上男性人群的75.6％.A small/large proportion of students are ……..In Britain people spent the smallest amount of money on personal + sth.大量 a large/considerable/substantial number of 可数 a large/considerable/substantial amount of不可数少量 a small/limited/tiny number of a few of a small/limited/tiny amount of a little ofLots of /a lot of /plenty of 即可用于可数也可用于不可数过去一段时间内的情况变化，用过去式。

环球时代吴中东：英语专业八级写作课堂笔记（部分）One of the founding fathers of the United States of Am erica, Benjamin Franklin once said, “Two things in the world a re real. One is death and the other is tax.” For one reason or another, either by choice or by chance, he must have left ou t another thing that is no less real than the above two: lonelin ess. Loneliness is……. To some extent, we may say, to be is to be lonely. ……(Other topics: frustrations, exams, failure, pressure, tension, de pression, disillusionment, disappointment, unemployment, illness, wars etc)1.“背景介绍”式＂Introduction of general situation and background.１．Last Friday, the Students’ Union of our Department organi zed a clean-up project to the Zhongshan Lake. The purpose of this project is to enhance(加强)the environment awareness of general public. Late in the afternoon，around 4, a group of 35 volunteers went to the park where we pick up the trash(垃圾)left by some tourists. As head of the group, I would like to report to you on the event.2.“抚今追惜”式Nowadays,The recent years have witnessed an unfavorable social pheno menon…Presently,At present,Lately,Since...Traditionally,In the past,Past surveys have shown that…Until recently,How I Finance My College EducationEver since education system was under some reforms a few years ago, and students have been required to pay for their t uition and fees, and the cost has risen greatly in recent years. (导入句) Mostly their parents will pay, some students may appl y for a bank loan and others will try to find part-time job to s upport their education. And besides, many students will be aw arded a scholarship. Through these ways, students can pay, a t least partly, for their college education.For me, I’ll choose to take part in part-time job to finish my c ollege education.(主题句) Though it is hard job for me, it can help me to know more about society and improve my work ab ility. In addition, it can also provide me with some opportunitie s to meet with all kinds of people, which will be helpful for m e to find job in the future. Therefore, it seems to me that this choice is really “one stone, two birds”. I am sure that I can get myself through my four-year education by this way.(总结句) Therefore, we can see that though tuition has become some economic burden for some students, this issue can be properl y resolved so long as students choose a suitable way of their own.(总结段)3.“强调重要”、“强调轰动”式Getting to Know the World outside the Campus1) It is essential / vital to maintain a good health.2) Nothing is more important than to maintain a good health.3) It is a critical point to …Getting to Know the World outside the CampusNothing can be more important for students than for them to get to know as much as possible about the world outside the campus. One reason is that knowledge without experience is like trying walking on one leg. Another reason is that maintai ning contact with the world outside the campus helps the stud ent become mature and responsible.There are many ways by which a student can get to know ab out the outside world. First, the mass media can keep the stu dent up to date on political, cultural and sporting events, as w ell as the latest development in science and technology. Seco nd, voluntary social services, tutoring and visiting factories or f arms offer the student wide opportunities to get to know how ordinary people live.Personally, I intend to study hard to give myself a good found ation for my future career. At the same time, I will take every opportunity to gain experience about the world beyond the campus by doing part-time jobs.There has been a heated discussion about…There have been heated dispute and debate about…There has been much talk recently about…on TVs a nd Radios and in newspapers.It is universally acknowledged that…4。

高分周末班课堂笔记(学术类)Reading/Listening评分标准表：5.5 19-226.0 23-266.5 27-297.0 30-317.5 32-348.0 35-368.5 37-389.0 39-40Writing20‟+40‟2种写法：段首顶格,段与段间隔一行(better) / 段首空4个英文字符段与段不空行Task 120分钟内写完分清什么图----找研究对象----2大审题方法Picture常考：A. Line graph / Curve chart 曲线图Bar chart / Column diagram 柱形/条形图Pie chart 饼图B. Flow chart 流程图一般分3段，尽可能用被动语态，不用第一人称A时态：Part 1 Simple Present（现在所见的）Part 2 Simple past （the changes itself in the past）Part 3 Simple present (现在所看到的趋势)Basic Pattern:连接手段必须有“如图所示”；四大要素，首段末句点题Part 1 4 major factors: pictures, objects, time, and dataPart 2 4 changes (textual level) + 6 comparisons (sentence level)Part 3 小结+趋势(上升或下降)4 changes: 升降波平6 comparisons:分比；比率；倍；分（1/3）；数值；排位place, positionBFlow chart: 一般现在时，中间多用被动语态Part 1 2-3 major factors: pictures, objects, given conditions, (materials given)Part 2 Process described: Passive被动（with connectives: step / stage）Part 3 Result indicated两大审题方法：切割分析法就明显的曲线形状进行切割分段（2条线不在一条直线上，2条线不属于同类变化）；迅速标上段号和点号，点>段（如下图，4点3段）1 2 3 4简易图示法如：3块饼图，每块有ABCD4个对象，则分别对这4个对象进行分析，看其各在1-2，2-3图中的变化趋势（上升或下降）Task 2 40分钟完成高分词汇：AA，AB重现；连字符词语: win-win situation; 名词化短语；一词多义的单词：bridge n. / vt. Brave adj. / vt. 勇敢面对六大结构：后置定语；排比句not only… but also…等；同位语；名词性从句；虚拟语气；否定兼倒装：Only in this way can we…; Not only verb + subjectFirst and Last注意首句和末句；首段和末段；每段的首句和末句五种题型：(1side一分写法，正或反面选其一；2side两分写法，正反面都要写，易拿高分)Do you agree /disagree? What is your opinion? (1/2-side)观点性辩论文To what extent do you agree or disagree? (1/2-side)Discuss both sides… (2-side)现象/说明性论述文Problem-Solution (Why-Because, Causes-Effects) (2-side)General-Particular (2-side)1 辩论文（一分法/二分法）一分法完全赞成/反对Part 1 我同/反间接或直接点题Part 2 同/反1同/反2 理由，举例Part 3 我同/反二分法7-8分1 2 3Part 1 我同/反/中立间接点题Part 2 同同反反反同Part 3 我同/我反/中立我同我反3种写法：势均力敌同=反先扬后抑同>反先抑后扬同<反第一种“同=反”比较难写，不要轻易尝试Part 1 首段末句必须中立点题Part 2 中间部分必须互反：利弊，迟早，新旧，今昔对比互反Part 3 末段首句必须明确表态（赞成/反对）2．论述文Question-Answer PatternPart 1 WhatPart 2 Why1Why2Part 3 How常考话题：新技术，电脑代替传统的工具等；教育；环境资源；家庭；交通；政府资助Speaking尽量多说复杂句，定语从句，虚拟语气等1. General topics 4-5min “warm-up” familiar topics个人情况等等强调adj. Adv. Number. negative名词动词比喻修饰广东大学论坛/最新雅思大作文不变应万变语篇通式Mighty Writing[Given Info Analysed on the Textual and lexical Levels]:[Chinese Version]:[English Version]:Analysed and Written by Prof HAN Pinyu in Nanjing Global IELTS School, on April 2, 2007 Writing 写作模板最好不要全部照搬，有能力自己做点修改，使其个性化很大程度上：to a large extent, in a great/large degree, for the most part很小程度上：to some extent, in some degree, for some part/partly/in part流程图：As can be seen/ shown from the picture/ flow chart, it illustrates/ shows explicitly/obviously X. There are some conditions/materials given in the picture…. The general process which concerns/ involves several/some cycles will be described/ conveyed as follows.In the first stage,…Next is the second stage in which…After that we have the third stage where…Finally in Stage Four…From not only what was demonstrated/showed in the picture but also what has been mentioned earlier in the passage, it can be seen very clearly that only in this way or by this kind of process can (subject: Oil)… be made or produced.广东大学论坛/Task 2:1 - Side:There, nowadays/ at the present/ currently, exists a heated/ hotly debated discussion on …(Title).Some people maintained the idea that,…Unfortunately, other people hold the opinion that… I back/support/side with/take the side of/ do (dis)agree with the idea that…(直接)/ I share the idea with the former/latter, which is that…(间接).One (dis)advantage which can be clear/obvious/explicit to everyone is that…In fact…Let us take one example/ for example/instance… Let us have another example…. Let us give/ render/ present/ illustrate/ demonstrate/ show still another example…Explicitly/ clearly/ apparently/ indeed/ undoubtedly….Another negative/positive side which must be considered/ given consideration to is that…As a matter of fact… For example….Take the as another example… Take it as a case in point…It is self-evident that…. One /The first/ The main reason which can be clear/obvious/explicit to everyone is that… Another/ The second factor which must be given consideration to is that…. Still another/ the third rationale which we must attach importance/attention to is that….2 - Side:At present there is a hot topic which never ever fails to provoke a heated discussion on….Some are firmly in favor of the opinion or notion that…does great harm to …. Yet others/ other people are firmly assured/fully convinced that…Before my opinion is given or presented it would be better for me to discuss/have a detailed discussion on both sides as follows.We should highlight the notion that…since there are several reasons for us to say that. One reason.... Another reason… (Facts stated/ Example given可以参照前面一分法的模板斜体字部分) From what has been mentioned before/previously/initially, it can be seen explicitly that…Seemingly/ Unfortunately, we should rethink the idea that……… (Facts stated/ Examples given). So it can be seen explicitly or self-evident that…Personally I am strongly in support of the idea or the circumstance that… (Solution: It is about time that…did …. Only in this way can …)Problem – Solution Pattern:首段末段与1/2分法类似，中间两段陈述理由，举例，如：One/ the first/main reason that can be clear/obvious/explicit to everyone is …. To start/begin with …In addition …Furthermore/What is more….(Let us take one example…Let us have another example…….) It is clear/evident that ….Another/the second reason that must be considered/given consideration to is… In the first place …. In the second place/next place …. Then … Finally… From what has been mentioned previously, we can see very clearly/explicitly that….好词好句A. Classification of Topic Area s—社会是一个更加概括的词，表示的也许是在一个国家的人民及他们相互间的关系。

环雅课堂笔记（写作篇T ask2 Essay）字数250字以上300字以下✓Argumentation 辩论性题目的结构（括号里的可写可不写）◆一边倒结构开头段3—5句有以下三种方法，选择自己会运用的任何一种1．（1句背景）+双方观点+说出自己的观点（+引起下文）2．（2句背景）+对方观点以及一到两个理由+说出自己的观点（+引起下文）3．3句左右的背景句+说出自己的观点理由段2—3段（共12句左右）结构为：主题句（1句）+支持句（3句左右）结尾段1—5句结构为：重申自己的观点+重申观点的理由+（写点别的）◆对称结构一般会写4段开头段2—4句以下两种方法任选一种1．（1句背景）+双方观点+引起下文（不需要说出自己的观点）2．3句左右背景理由段第2段和第3段结构为：1句概述+3*2（3个理由句后面分别跟2句支持句）结尾段3—5句不能太短以下方式任选一种1．说出自己的观点，站到一方，同意第三段的观点，然后必须各用一句话改写第三段中的每个理由。

2．说出自己的观点，采取折中方案，认为双方观点可有利弊，分别适合不同的情况。

3．●一边倒结构PK对称式结构所有的辩论性题目都能使用对称式结构，有些辩论性题目不能使用一边倒结构（如下）阴影部分的题目只能使用对称结构，非阴影部分题目两种结构都可以。

1.（To what extent）do you agree or disagree?2. What is your opinion?对称结构比一边倒结构好写，但是一边倒结构加0.5分3. Discuss both sides and give your opinion.4. What are the advantages and disadvantages of sth?5. Do you think the advantages of sth outweigh its disadvantages?✓Explanation 解释型题目的结构◆结构一：基本同一边倒结构开头段3句左右背景句+1—2句引起下文的句子理由段（1—3段）每段结构为：1个主题句+3个支持句解决方法1—2句概述+2—3解决办法每个解决办法写上1—2句◆结构二：基本同对称式结构写4段或者3段开头段3句左右背景句理由段1句概述+3*2解决方法1句概述+3*2结尾段：0—3句均可●解释型题目的结构一PK结构二1.所有的解释型题目都能使用结构一，少数解释型题目只问原因没问解决办法的不能使用结构二。

Time will pierce the surface or youth, will be on the beauty of the ditch dug a shallow groove ; Jane will eat rare!A born beauty, anything to escape his sickle sweep
2. 地图题： 找箭头，读参照物，绝对+相对，形状+大小：square, round, circle, sphere...
3. 主观题：pre: 划路标词 找“关系”： 并列：and, 并列符号 因果：for, so…
路标词后，注意：语音，语调：降调，重读，被重复；空格前后的单词；下一题的路标词 记录，不要拼写单词 注意格式：名词 ： 单复数，大小写
次重点: 图表, SAQ, SC, Matching
对全部高中资料试卷电气设备，在安装过程中以及安装结束后进行高中资料试卷调整试验；通电检查所有设备高中资料电试力卷保相护互装作置用调与试相技互术关，系电通，力1根保过据护管生高线产中0不工资仅艺料可高试以中卷解资配决料置吊试技顶卷术层要是配求指置，机不对组规电在范气进高设行中备继资进电料行保试空护卷载高问与中题带资2负料2，荷试而下卷且高总可中体保资配障料置各试时类卷，管调需路控要习试在题验最到；大位对限。设度在备内管进来路行确敷调保设整机过使组程其高1在中正资，常料要工试加况卷强下安看与全22过，22度并22工且22作尽22下可护都能1关可地于以缩管正小路常故高工障中作高资；中料对资试于料卷继试连电卷接保破管护坏口进范处行围理整，高核或中对者资定对料值某试，些卷审异弯核常扁与高度校中固对资定图料盒纸试位，卷置编工.写况保复进护杂行层设自防备动腐与处跨装理接置，地高尤线中其弯资要曲料避半试免径卷错标调误高试高等方中，案资要，料求编试技5写、卷术重电保交要气护底设设装。备备置管4高调、动线中试电作敷资高气，设料中课并技3试资件且、术卷料中拒管试试调绝路包验卷试动敷含方技作设线案术，技槽以来术、及避管系免架统不等启必多动要项方高方案中式；资，对料为整试解套卷决启突高动然中过停语程机文中。电高因气中此课资，件料电中试力管卷高壁电中薄气资、设料接备试口进卷不行保严调护等试装问工置题作调，并试合且技理进术利行，用过要管关求线运电敷行力设高保技中护术资装。料置线试做缆卷到敷技准设术确原指灵则导活：。。在对对分于于线调差盒试动处过保，程护当中装不高置同中高电资中压料资回试料路卷试交技卷叉术调时问试，题技应，术采作是用为指金调发属试电隔人机板员一进，变行需压隔要器开在组处事在理前发；掌生同握内一图部线纸故槽资障内料时，、，强设需电备要回制进路造行须厂外同家部时出电切具源断高高习中中题资资电料料源试试，卷卷线试切缆验除敷报从设告而完与采毕相用，关高要技中进术资行资料检料试查，卷和并主检且要测了保处解护理现装。场置设。备高中资料试卷布置情况与有关高中资料试卷电气系统接线等情况，然后根据规范与规程规定，制定设备调试高中资料试卷方案。

I．定语从句1.that which who引导的定语从句a．The main reason that everyone can see is that television presents a vivid world in front of us.每个人都能看到的主要原因是，电视在我们面前展示了一个生动形象的世界。

同义词：reason=factor=cause原因•Reason：n. 理由；理性；动机•vi. 推论；劝说•vt. 推论；辩论；说服同义词：vivid=lovely=active（adj）生动活泼的present：n.礼物= giftadj.现在的、当前的= current ['kʌrənt]v.展现、显示= showb．Another factor （此处省略了which/that）we must consider is that television plays an educational role in our daily lives.我们必须考虑的另一个因素是电视在我们的日常生活中起到教育的作用。

Play a /an （important / key/ vital / significant / crucial ）role / part in sth :在····起关键的作用。

Play a leading role in : 在···中起到领导作用。

Make a /an XX function in：在···中起到····的作用c．T hose people who strongly oppose the practice claim that it violates people’s basic rights of working.强烈反对这种做法的人声称它侵犯了人们基本的工作权利。

七夕，古今诗人惯咏星月与悲情。

吾生虽晚，世态炎凉却已看透矣。

情也成空，且作“挥手袖底风”罢。

是夜，窗外风雨如晦，吾独坐陋室，听一曲《尘缘》，合成诗韵一首，觉放诸古今，亦独有风韵也。

乃书于纸上。

毕而卧。

凄然入梦。

乙酉年七月初七。

-----啸之记。

环球雅思高分周末班课堂笔记(学术类)Reading/Listening评分标准表：Reading/Listening5.5 19-226.0 23-266.5 27-297.0 30-317.5 32-348.0 35-368.5 37-389.0 39-40Listening注意听降调，重读，被重复注意连读：In eighteen … [ei]In nineteen … [ai]1. Note-taking题一心二意，单词拼写与发音Do not: 翻译，中文，全神贯注第4个字母是p,b,m，前面都是com, 剩下的都是con, 除了：comfortable听数字时，注意：8和9，50和15，“1+2”只听数字，忽略thousand, million…0．508：naught point five o eight$9.5 nine dollar fifty2. 地图题：找箭头，读参照物，绝对+相对，形状+大小：square, round, circle, sphere...3. 主观题：pre: 划路标词找“关系”：并列：and, 并列符号因果：for, so…路标词后，注意：语音，语调：降调，重读，被重复；空格前后的单词；下一题的路标词记录，不要拼写单词注意格式：名词：单复数，大小写Venue = place = where 一律大写，name, course课程名大写4. 表格题：路标词是时间均为间接给出有so后就有答案5. 判断题：（考点）数字（19，90；8，9；数字后名词偷换）；否定词（hardly, little, never…）; 比较，最高级；动宾搭配；绝对词（every, none, only, must）; 相对词if, sometimes; 情态动词6. 单选题：时间，城市无法AB重现选项区别大：正确答案肯定在题干后（先浏览题干），通常AB重现（语序调整意义不变，核心词，同意词<adj,n>）干扰选项：语音干扰…this means…答案已过去错误搭配Not given备注：所谓AA重现：题目与原文基本一致，照搬过来；AB重现：同义，近义，反义，上下义（从属关系）7. 多选题：AB重现+被否定并列连词后anything else?熟悉被选项，耳到眼到一连串的被选项同时被提到，第一个被提及通常是正确选项，答案跟并列词后8. 配对题Matching词性配对，题干定位Section 1 Interview Q-A, Discussion Q-A‟-A‟‟-A（最后原则，最后被确定的是答案，so后）填空，注意字数，尽量用原文，冠词，程度副词可省略S3 Q-A-SummarySo, why not, just say 后永远有答案时间安排：最先2‟30看S3，S4题干，当example的答案听到第2遍时开始回头看S1 S1听力中明辨是非，限制词性及内容ReadingSkills: SQSRC（一定要看！！！很有用的阅读步骤，平行阅读法,千万不要看完一整篇后做题）1.Skim 1-2‟大标题，段首句（1，2段必看，后面可挑看）2.Question 精读一个Q，划信号词（大写，引号，括号，数字，人名，地名，时间，专有名词，特殊名词，特殊状态名词…）3.Scan (根据信号词回原文寻)语言重现AA,AB,AC(句子内部和句子之间的关系的重现;因果,转折,比较)4.Read carefully 精读上下句5.Check and confirm 规范(审题,语法);心理概况: A类先找信号词,定位再答题3篇文章60分钟内完成词汇量要求:7000-8000题型: 重点:选择,Summary, TF/NG, Heading主旨题次重点: 图表, SAQ, SC, Matching1.Multiple Choice原则: 1) 我没选绝对词(90%): have to, never, only…2) 我没选”比较”比较级,最高级,<,>,干扰项3) 我的选项留有余地may, could, might, sometimes, perhaps4) D选项为ALL, 2条件必选ALL: A,B,C不相干; 出处有表示列举的词:and, also, another, additional, other, apart from, as well, in addition to5) 当题干短, 分析归类选项, 再验证6) D选项为NONE, 2步走: 文中划出所有A.B或其共同成分; 逐一验证其限定成分文中出现数字: 20%考点,20%信号词,60%垃圾,看大小即可2.Summary看语法,理思路短文首句要精读, 起止位置要明确,留意AB重现(包括非空格部分), 生词可照搬,有时调整顺序和主被动关系分类: 续写,有选项; 改写(几乎全文,有选项; 2,3段,无选项; 不知道几段)3.判断形式: TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN; YES/NO/NOT GIVEN 答案要写全,写准确（YES和TRUE要分清，不能混写，不能缩写Y/T）定义: T Passage 与Question吻合F PQ 矛盾,冲突NG 未提及;有提及,但不相关,既不吻合,也不矛盾,证据不充分,不足以判断,不确定,不知道原则:其他条件不变: P小,Q 大, EG. Influence > reduce, T/Y其他条件不变: P 大, Q 小NGF: PQ明显矛盾(正反词,否定)不明显矛盾,PQ不能够同时成立NG: P主观, Q客观P用主观词(predict, assume…) Q去掉主观词,且不加委婉词(can,will,may…)总量与部分无关补充: NG不占多数,一次做两题,比较时要慎重(比较双方,比较点,比较方向; 3者一致---T,前2要素一致,第3要素相反---F; Q中比较,P中不比没比---NG)注意修饰语的明显差别PQ 在数量,范围,频率,程度,可能性上存在明显差别P: SOME Q: ALL ----F4.Heading划例子,划段落精读所有选项,划信号首末句精读,第2句兼顾,中间浏览对比分析定答案注意:先细节后主旨;正确选项通常为原文主题句的AB重现若某选项与原文某些字词AA重现,一般不选不能重复选印刷体书写罗马数字5.图表题:定位3步法: 定位到某段,某句,某词6.Matching形式: TIME/EVENTS G类CAUSE/ EFFECTPEOPLE/OPPIONCONCEPT/ EXPLAINA TIONPRODUCER/ PRODUCTORGANISITION/ FUCTION G类Detail & ParagraphWhich paragraph contains the following information? 最后做注意:乱序节省时间:做题前尽可能一次性记住所有题干的关键词题干通常AA,选项通常AB可以重复选7.Short answer Question看清楚疑问词,完整句: 首字母大写,成分:小写即可8.Sentence Completion有选项:先语法后意义Writing20‟+40‟2种写法：段首顶格,段与段间隔一行(better) / 段首空4个英文字符段与段不空行T ask 120分钟内写完分清什么图----找研究对象----2大审题方法Picture常考：A. Line graph / Curve chart 曲线图Bar chart / Column diagram 柱形/条形图Pie chart 饼图B. Flow chart 流程图一般分3段，尽可能用被动语态，不用第一人称A时态：Part 1 Simple Present（现在所见的）Part 2 Simple past （the changes itself in the past）Part 3 Simple present (现在所看到的趋势)Basic Pattern:连接手段必须有“如图所示”；四大要素，首段末句点题Part 1 4 major factors: pictures, objects, time, and dataPart 2 4 changes (textual level) + 6 comparisons (sentence level)Part 3 小结+趋势(上升或下降)4 changes: 升降波平6 comparisons:分比；比率；倍；分（1/3）；数值；排位place, positionBFlow chart: 一般现在时，中间多用被动语态Part 1 2-3 major factors: pictures, objects, given conditions, (materials given)Part 2 Process described: Passive被动（with connectives: step / stage）Part 3 Result indicated两大审题方法：切割分析法就明显的曲线形状进行切割分段（2条线不在一条直线上，2条线不属于同类变化）；迅速标上段号和点号，点>段（如下图，4点3段）1 2 3 4简易图示法如：3块饼图，每块有ABCD4个对象，则分别对这4个对象进行分析，看其各在1-2，2-3图中的变化趋势（上升或下降）T ask 2 40分钟完成高分词汇：AA，AB重现；连字符词语: win-win situation; 名词化短语；一词多义的单词：bridge n. / vt. Brave adj. / vt. 勇敢面对六大结构：后置定语；排比句not only… but also…等；同位语；名词性从句；虚拟语气；否定兼倒装：Only in this way can we…; Not only verb + subjectFirst and Last注意首句和末句；首段和末段；每段的首句和末句五种题型：(1side一分写法，正或反面选其一；2side两分写法，正反面都要写，易拿高分)Do you agree /disagree? What is your opinion? (1/2-side)观点性辩论文To what extent do you agree or disagree? (1/2-side)Discuss both sides… (2-side)现象/说明性论述文Problem-Solution (Why-Because, Causes-Effects) (2-side)General-Particular (2-side)1 辩论文（一分法/二分法）一分法完全赞成/反对Part 1 我同/反间接或直接点题Part 2 同/反1同/反2 理由，举例Part 3 我同/反二分法7-8分1 2 3Part 1 我同/反/中立间接点题Part 2 同同反反反同Part 3 我同/我反/中立我同我反3种写法：势均力敌同=反先扬后抑同>反先抑后扬同<反第一种“同=反”比较难写，不要轻易尝试Part 1 首段末句必须中立点题Part 2 中间部分必须互反：利弊，迟早，新旧，今昔对比互反Part 3 末段首句必须明确表态（赞成/反对）2．论述文Question-Answer PatternPart 1 WhatPart 2 Why1Why2Part 3 How常考话题：新技术，电脑代替传统的工具等；教育；环境资源；家庭；交通；政府资助Speaking尽量多说复杂句，定语从句，虚拟语气等1. General topics 4-5min “warm-up” familiar topics个人情况等等强调adj. Adv. Number. negative名词动词比喻修饰2. Particular topics 说1-2min 之前1min准备3．Abstract questions 4-5min Discuss!!!万能话题：旅游a place；平凡的人；名人；书最新雅思大作文不变应万变语篇通式Mighty Writing[Given Info Analysed on the T extual and lexical Levels]:[Chinese Version]:[English Version]:Analysed and Written by Prof HAN Pinyu in Nanjing Global IELTS School, on April 2, 2007Writing 写作模板最好不要全部照搬，有能力自己做点修改，使其个性化很大程度上：to a large extent, in a great/large degree, for the most part很小程度上：to some extent, in some degree, for some part/partly/in partT ask 1除流程图外：As can be seen from the picture(table/figure/diagram/ line graph/bar chart/pie chart), it illustrated (shown) explicitly (obviously) X (that X covers the years/months from … to …).According to / In accordance with the figures / data (dada无复数) given in the picture, X significantly (greatly/ dramatically/ noticeably) fell from … to … in 19.. to in 19.., whereas. Also / Moreover / Furthermore from the picture it can be seen that there was a sharp decline / increase from…, while…. Based upon / Relying on the figures / data given in the picture, it started / had its starting point at … in 19.., reached the highest point / peaked at … in 19.. and gave its finishing point / finished at …in 19..; on the contrary, …. In addition to / What is more what has previously been referred to , the remaining / rest of all the figures (the other figures) did not indicate/ display/ show a noticeable increase or decrease; on the other hand/ in contrast,…From not only what was demonstrated in the picture but also what has been mentioned/specified or described earlier in the passage, it can be seen very clearly that there is (seems/appears to be用seem/appear不能用clearly) a tendency which is on the (gradual/ remarkable) increase/ decline (of object)….流程图：As can be seen/ shown from the picture/ flow chart, it illustrates/ shows explicitly/obviously X. There are some conditions/materials given in the picture…. The general process which concerns/ involves several/some cycles will be described/ conveyed as follows.In the first stage,…Next is the second stage in which…After that we have the third stage where…Finally in S tage Four…From not only what was demonstrated/showed in the picture but also what has been mentioned earlier in the passage, it can be seen very clearly that only in this way or by this kind of process can (subject: Oil)… be made or produced.T ask 2:1 - Side:There, nowadays/ at the present/ currently, exists a heated/ hotly debated discussion on …(Title).Some people maintained the idea that,…Unfortunately, other people hold the opinion that… I back/support/side with/take the side of/ do (dis)agree with the idea that…(直接)/ I share the idea with the former/latter, which is that…(间接).One (dis)advantage which can be clear/obvious/explicit to everyone is that…In fact…Let us take one example/ for example/instance… Let us have another example…. Let us give/ render/ present/ illustrate/ demonstrate/ show still another example…Explicitly/ clearly/ apparently/ indeed/ undoubtedly….Another negative/positive side which must be considered/ given consideration to is that…As a matter of fact… For example….Take the as another example… Take it as a case in point…It is self-evident that…. One /The first/ The main reason which can be clear/obvious/explicit to everyone is that… Another/ The second factor which must be given consideration to is that…. Still another/ the third rationale which we must attach importance/attention to is that….2 - Side:At present there is a hot topic which never ever fails to provoke a heated discussion on….Some are firmly in favor of the opinion or notion that…does great harm to …. Y et others/ other people are firmly assured/fully convinced that…Before my opinion is given or presented it would be better for me to discuss/have a detailed discussion on both sides as follows.We should highlight the notion that…since there are several reasons for us to say that. One reason.... Another reason… (Facts stated/ Example given可以参照前面一分法的模板斜体字部分) From what has been mentioned before/previously/initially, it can be seen explicitly that…Seemingly/ Unfortunately, we should rethink the idea that……… (Facts stated/ Examples given). So it can be seen explicitly or self-evident that…Personally I am strongly in support of the idea or the circumstance that… (Solution: It is about time that…did …. Only in this way can …)Problem – Solution Pattern:首段末段与1/2分法类似，中间两段陈述理由，举例，如：One/ the first/main reason that can be clear/obvious/explicit to everyone is …. To start/begin with …In addition …Furthermore/What is more….(Let us take one example…Let us have another example…….) It is clear/evident that ….Another/the second reason that must be considered/given consideration to is… In the first place …. In the second place/next place …. Then … Finally… From what has been mentioned previously, we can see very clearly/explicitly that….写作真题（选择一些常考题，可平时模拟练习，具体请参考雅思机井）050108IeltsA Task 2: We can get knowledge from news, but some people think we can’t trust the journalist. What‟s your opinion? And what do you think is the important qualities that a journalist should have?050122IeltsA Task 2: The recent figure of crimes committed by the young people is increasing in major cities throughout the world. Discuss what the possible reasons for this problem are and how to solve it.050219IeltsA Task 2: Leisure is a growing industry. Nowadays, more modern technology used in entertainment. This may lead people to less creative. Do you agree or disagree?050226IeltsA Task 2: Nowadays people perform the everyday task such as banking, shopping as well as business transaction, without meeting person face to face. What are the possible social effects upon the individual and society as a whole?050312IeltsA Task 2: It is generally believed that education is of vital important to the development of individuals and the well-being of societies. What should education consist of to fulfill both these functions?050402IeltsA Task 2: The pressure upon the school and university students is increasing and students are pushed to work too hard for their young age. Do you think it is positive or negative for their development?050416IeltsA Task 2: The advantages of the spread of English as a global language will continue to outweigh its disadvantages. To what extent do you agree or disagree? 050709IeltsA Task 2: Some people think that the government should pay for health care and education, but other people think that it is nor government‟s responsibility. Discuss both sides and give your opinion.050806IeltsA Task 2: Many people say that we have developed into a “throw-away”culture, because we are filling up our environment with so many plastic bags andrubbish that we cannot fully dispose of. To what extent do you agree with this opinion and what measures can you recommend reducing this problem?好词好句A. Classification of T opic Area s—社会是一个更加概括的词，表示的也许是在一个国家的人民及他们相互间的关系。