剑桥11 TEXT 1 听力原文及翻译

剑桥雅思11雅思阅读Test1passage2原文+译文：法尔柯克水轮－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－雅思给大家带来了剑11雅思阅读Test1passage2原文+译文：法尔柯克水轮，相关解析，请点击：剑11雅思阅读Test1Passage2解析。

更多真题解析，请点击：剑桥雅思11阅读解析。

剑11雅思阅读Test1passage2原文+译文：法尔柯克水轮READING PASSAGE 2THE FALKIRK WHEELA unique engineering achievementThe Falkirk Wheel in Scotland is the world’s first and only rotating boat lift. Opened in 2002, it is central to the ambitious ￡84.5m Millennium Link project to restore navigability across Scotland by reconnecting the historic waterways of the Forth & Clyde and Union Canals.The major challenge of the project lay in the fact that the Forth & Clyde Canal is situated 35 metres below the level of the Union Canal. Historically, the two canals had been joined near the town of Falkirk by a sequence of 11 locks — enclosed sections of canal in which the water level could be raised or lowered — that stepped down across a distance of 1.5 km. This had been dismantled in 1933, thereby breaking the link. When the project was launched in 1994, the British Waterways authority were keen to create a dramatic twenty-first-century landmark which would not only be a fitting commemoration of the Millennium, but also a lasting symbol of the economic regeneration of the region.Numerous ideas were submitted for the project, including concepts ranging from rolling eggs to tilting tanks, from giant see-saws to overhead monorails. The eventual winner was a plan for the huge rotating steel boat lift which was to become The Falkirk Wheel. The unique shape of the structure is claimed to have been inspired by various sources, both manmade and natural, most notably a Celtic double-headed axe, but also the vast turning propeller of a ship, the ribcage of a whale or the spine of a fish.The various parts of The Falkirk Wheel were all constructed and assembled, like one giant toy building set, at Butterley Engineering’s Steelworks in Derbyshire, some 400 km from Falkirk. A team there carefully assembled the 1,200 tonnes of steel, painstakingly fitting the pieces together to an accuracy of just 10 mm to ensure a perfect final fit. In the summer of 2001, the structure was then dismantled and transported on 35 lorries to Falkirk, before all being bolted back together again on the ground, and finally lifted into position in five large sections by crane. The Wheel would need to withstand immense and constantly changing stresses as it rotated, so to make the structure more robust, the steel sections were bolted rather than welded together. Over 45,000 bolt holes were matched with their bolts, and each bolt was hand-tightened.The Wheel consists of two sets of opposing axe-shaped arms, attached about 25 metres apart to a fixed central spine. Two diametrically opposed water-filled ‘gondolas’,each with a capacity of 360,000 litres, are fitted between the ends of the arms. These gondolas always weigh the same, whether or not they are carrying boats. This is because, according to Archimedes’ principle of displacement, floating objects displace their own weight inwater. So when a boat enters a gondola, the amount of water leaving the gondola weighs exactly the same as the boat. This keeps the Wheel balanced and so, despite its enormous mass, it rotates through 180° in five and a half minutes while using very little power. It takes just 1.5 kilowatt-hours (5.4 MJ) of energy to rotate the Wheel — roughly the same as boiling eight small domestic kettles of water.Boats needing to be lifted up enter the canal basin at the level of the Forth & Clyde Canal and then enter the lower gondola of the Wheel. Two hydraulic steel gates are raised, so as to seal the gondola off from the water in the canal basin. The water between the gates is then pumped out.A hydraulic clamp, which prevents the arms of the Wheel moving while the gondola is docked, is removed, allowing the Wheel to turn. In the central machine room an array of ten hydraulic motors then begins to rotate the central axle. The axle connects to the outer arms of the Wheel, which begin to rotate at a speed of 1/8 of a revolution per minute. As the wheel rotates, the gondolas are kept in the upright position by a simple gearing system. Two eight-metre-wide cogs orbit a fixed inner cog of the same width, connected by two smaller cogs travelling in the opposite direction to the outer cogs — so ensuring that the gondolas always remain level. When the gondola reaches the top, the boat passes straight onto the aqueduct situated 24 metres above the canal basin.The remaining 11 metres of lift needed to reach the Union Canal is achieved by means of a pair of locks. The Wheel could not be constructed to elevate boats over the full 35-metre difference between the two canals, owing to the presence of the historically important Antonine Wall, which was built by the Romans in the second century AD. Boats travel under this wall via a tunnel, then through the locks, and finally on to the Union Canal.PASSAGE 2参考译文：法尔柯克水轮一个独一无二的工程学成就苏格兰的法尔柯克水轮是世界上首个也是唯一一个船只升降转轮。

剑桥雅思阅读11(test1)答案精讲剑桥雅思阅读部分的题目可以进行一些分类总结，因为考试的常见内容一般都会在下次考试中出现的。

下面就是今天小编给大家带来的剑桥雅思阅读11原文和答案的内容，希望能够帮助同学们备考雅思考试。

剑桥雅思阅读11原文(test1)READING PASSAGE 1You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13, which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.Crop-growing skyscrapersBy the year 2050, nearly 80% of the Earth’s population will live in urban centres. Applying the most conservative estimates to current demographic trends, the human population will increase by about three billion people by then. An estimated 109 hectares of new land (about 20% larger than Brazil) will be needed to grow enough food to feed them, if traditional farming methods continue as they are practised today. At present, throughout the world, over 80% of the land that is suitable for raising crops is in use. Historically, some 15% of that has been laid waste by poor management practices. What can be done to ensure enough food for the world’s population to live on?The concept of indoor farming is not new, since hothouse production of tomatoes and other produce has been in vogue for some time. What is new is the urgent need to scale up this technology to accommodate another three billion people. Many believe an entirely new approach to indoor farming is required, employing cutting-edge technologies. One such proposal is for the ‘Vertical Farm’. The concept is of multi-storey buildings in which food crops are grown in environmentally controlledconditions. Situated in the heart of urban centres, they would drastically reduce the amount of transportation required to bring food to consumers. Vertical farms would need to be efficient, cheap to construct and safe to operate. If successfully implemented, proponents claim, vertical farms offer the promise of urban renewal, sustainable production of a safe and varied food supply (through year-round production of all crops), and the eventual repair of ecosystems that have been sacrificed for horizontal farming.It took humans 10,000 years to learn how to grow most of the crops we now take for granted. Along the way, we despoiled most of the land we worked, often turning verdant, natural ecozones into semi-arid deserts. Within that same time frame, we evolved into an urban species, in which 60% of the human population now lives vertically in cities. This means that, for the majority, we humans have shelter from the elements, yet we subject our food-bearing plants to the rigours of the great outdoors and can do no more than hope for a good weather year. However, more often than not now, due to a rapidly changing climate, that is not what happens. Massive floods, long droughts, hurricanes and severe monsoons take their toll each year, destroying millions of tons of valuable crops.The supporters of vertical farming claim many potential advantages for the system. For instance, crops would be produced all year round, as they would be kept in artificially controlled, optimum growing conditions. There would be no weather-related crop failures due to droughts, floods or pests. All the food could be grown organically, eliminating the need for herbicides, pesticides and fertilisers. The system would greatly reduce the incidence of many infectious diseases that areacquired at the agricultural interface. Although the system would consume energy, it would return energy to the grid via methane generation from composting non-edible parts of plants. It would also dramatically reduce fossil fuel use, by cutting out the need for tractors, ploughs and shipping.A major drawback of vertical farming, however, is that the plants would require artificial light. Without it, those plants nearest the windows would be exposed to more sunlight and grow more quickly, reducing the efficiency of the system. Single-storey greenhouses have the benefit of natural overhead light: even so, many still need artificial lighting. A multi-storey facility with no natural overhead light would require far more. Generating enough light could be prohibitively expensive, unless cheap, renewable energy is available, and this appears to be rather a future aspiration than a likelihood for the near future.One variation on vertical farming that has been developed is to grow plants in stacked trays that move on rails. Moving the trays allows the plants to get enough sunlight. This system is already in operation, and works well within a single-storey greenhouse with light reaching it from above: it is not certain, however, that it can be made to work without that overhead natural light.Vertical farming is an attempt to address the undoubted problems that we face in producing enough food for a growing population. At the moment, though, more needs to be done to reduce the detrimental impact it would have on the environment, particularly as regards the use of energy. While it is possible that much of our food will be grown in skyscrapers in future, most experts currently believe it is far more likely that we will simply use the space available on urban rooftops.Questions 1-7Complete the sentences below.Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 1-7 on your answer sheet.Indoor farming1 Some food plants, including __________, are already grown indoors.2 Vertical farms would be located in __________, meaning that there would be less need to take them long distances to customers.3 Vertical farms could use methane from plants and animals to produce __________.4 The consumption of __________ would be cut because agricultural vehicles would be unnecessary.5 The fact that vertical farms would need __________ light is a disadvantage.6 One form of vertical farming involves planting in __________ which are not fixed.7 The most probable development is that food will be grown on __________ in towns and cities.Questions 8-13Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?In boxes 8-13 on your answer sheet, writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this8 Methods for predicting the Earth’s population have recently changed.9 Human beings are responsible for some of the destruction to food-producing land.10 The crops produced in vertical farms will depend on the season.11 Some damage to food crops is caused by climate change.12 Fertilisers will be needed for certain crops in vertical farms.13 Vertical farming will make plants less likely to be affected by infectious diseases.READING PASSAGE 2You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 14-26, which are based on Reading Passage 2 below.THE FALKIRK WHEELA unique engineering achievementThe Falkirk Wheel in Scotland is the world’s first and only rotating boat lift. Opened in 2002, it is central to the ambitious ￡84.5m Millennium Link project to restore navigability across Scotland by reconnecting the historic waterways of the Forth & Clyde and Union Canals.The major challenge of the project lay in the fact that the Forth & Clyde Canal is situated 35 metres below the level of the Union Canal. Historically, the two canals had been joined near the town of Falkirk by a sequence of 11 locks — enclosed sections of canal in which the water level could be raised or lowered — that stepped down across a distance of 1.5 km. This had been dismantled in 1933, thereby breaking the link. When the project was launched in 1994, the British Waterways authority were keen to create a dramatic twenty-first-century landmark which would not only be a fitting commemoration of the Millennium, but also a lasting symbol of the economic regeneration of the region.Numerous ideas were submitted for the project, includingconcepts ranging from rolling eggs to tilting tanks, from giant see-saws to overhead monorails. The eventual winner was a plan for the huge rotating steel boat lift which was to become The Falkirk Wheel. The unique shape of the structure is claimed to have been inspired by various sources, both manmade and natural, most notably a Celtic double-headed axe, but also the vast turning propeller of a ship, the ribcage of a whale or the spine of a fish.The various parts of The Falkirk Wheel were all constructed and assembled, like one giant toy building set, at Butterley Engineering’s Steelworks in Derbyshire, some 400 km from Falkirk. A team there carefully assembled the 1,200 tonnes of steel, painstakingly fitting the pieces together to an accuracy of just 10 mm to ensure a perfect final fit. In the summer of 2001, the structure was then dismantled and transported on 35 lorries to Falkirk, before all being bolted back together again on the ground, and finally lifted into position in five large sections by crane. The Wheel would need to withstand immense and constantly changing stresses as it rotated, so to make the structure more robust, the steel sections were bolted rather than welded together. Over 45,000 bolt holes were matched with their bolts, and each bolt was hand-tightened.The Wheel consists of two sets of opposing axe-shaped arms, attached about 25 metres apart to a fixed central spine. Two diametrically opposed water-filled ‘gondolas’, each with a capacity of 360,000 litres, are fitted between the ends of the arms. These gondolas always weigh the same, whether or not they are carrying boats. This is because, according to Archimedes’principle of displacement, floating objects displace their own weight in water. So when a boat enters a gondola, the amount ofwater leaving the gondola weighs exactly the same as the boat. This keeps the Wheel balanced and so, despite its enormous mass, it rotates through 180°in five and a half minutes while using very little power. It takes just 1.5 kilowatt-hours (5.4 MJ) of energy to rotate the Wheel — roughly the same as boiling eight small domestic kettles of water.Boats needing to be lifted up enter the canal basin at the level of the Forth & Clyde Canal and then enter the lower gondola of the Wheel. Two hydraulic steel gates are raised, so as to seal the gondola off from the water in the canal basin. The water between the gates is then pumped out. A hydraulic clamp, which prevents the arms of the Wheel moving while the gondola is docked, is removed, allowing the Wheel to turn. In the central machine room an array of ten hydraulic motors then begins to rotate the central axle. The axle connects to the outer arms of the Wheel, which begin to rotate at a speed of 1/8 of a revolution per minute. As the wheel rotates, the gondolas are kept in the upright position by a simple gearing system. Two eight-metre-wide cogs orbit a fixed inner cog of the same width, connected by two smaller cogs travelling in the opposite direction to the outer cogs — so ensuring that the gondolas always remain level. When the gondola reaches the top, the boat passes straight onto the aqueduct situated 24 metres above the canal basin.The remaining 11 metres of lift needed to reach the Union Canal is achieved by means of a pair of locks. The Wheel could not be constructed to elevate boats over the full 35-metre difference between the two canals, owing to the presence of the historically important Antonine Wall, which was built by the Romans in the second century AD. Boats travel under this wall via a tunnel, then through the locks, and finally on to the Union Canal.Questions 14-19Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 2?In boxes 14-19 on your answer sheet, writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this14 The Falkirk Wheel has linked the Forth & Clyde Canal with the Union Canal for the first time in their history.15 There was some opposition to the design of the Falkirk Wheel at first.16 The Falkirk Wheel was initially put together at the location where its components were manufactured.17 The Falkirk Wheel is the only boat lift in the world which has steel sections bolted together by hand.18 The weight of the gondolas varies according to the size of boat being carried.19 The construction of the Falkirk Wheel site took into account the presence of a nearby ancient monument.Questions 20-26Label the diagram below.Choose ONE WORD from the passage for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 20-26 on your answer sheet.How a boat is lifted on the Falkirk WheelREADING PASSAGE 3You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 27-40, which are based on Reading Passage 3 below.Reducing the Effects of Climate ChangeMark Rowe reports on the increasingly ambitious geo-engineering projects being explored by scientistsA Such is our dependence on fossil fuels, and such is the volume of carbon dioxide already released into the atmosphere, that many experts agree that significant global warming is now inevitable. They believe that the best we can do is keep it at a reasonable level, and at present the only serious option for doing this is cutting back on our carbon emissions. But while a few countries are making major strides in this regard, the majority are having great difficulty even stemming the rate of increase, let alone reversing it. Consequently, an increasing number of scientists are beginning to explore the alternative of geo-engineering — a term which generally refers to the intentional large-scale manipulation of the environment. According to its proponents, geo-engineering is the equivalent of a backup generator: if Plan A — reducing our dependency on fossil fuels — fails, we require a Plan B, employing grand schemes to slow down or reverse the process of global warming.B Geo-engineering has been shown to work, at least on a small localised scale. For decades, May Day parades in Moscow have taken place under clear blue skies, aircraft having deposited dry ice, silver iodide and cement powder to disperse clouds. Many of the schemes now suggested look to do the opposite, and reduce the amount of sunlight reaching the planet. The most eye-catching idea of all is suggested by Professor Roger Angel of the University of Arizona. His scheme would employ up to 16 trillion minute spacecraft, each weighing about one gram, to form a transparent, sunlight-refracting sunshade in an orbit 1.5 million km above the Earth. This could, argues Angel, reduce the amount of light reaching the Earth by two per cent.C The majority of geo-engineering projects so far carried out — which include planting forests in deserts and depositing ironin the ocean to stimulate the growth of algae — have focused on achieving a general cooling of the Earth. But some look specifically at reversing the melting at the poles, particularly the Arctic. The reasoning is that if you replenish the ice sheets and frozen waters of the high latitudes, more light will be reflected back into space, so reducing the warming of the oceans and atmosphere.D The concept of releasing aerosol sprays into the stratosphere above the Arctic has been proposed by several scientists. This would involve using sulphur or hydrogen sulphide aerosols so that sulphur dioxide would form clouds, which would, in turn, lead to a global dimming. The idea is modelled on historic volcanic explosions, such as that of Mount Pinatubo in the Philippines in 1991, which led to a short-term cooling of global temperatures by 0.5℃. Scientists have also scrutinised whether it’s possible to preserve the ice sheets of Greenland with reinforced high-tension cables, preventing icebergs from moving into the sea. Meanwhile in the Russian Arctic, geo-engineering plans include the planting of millions of birch trees. Whereas the region’s native evergreen pines shade the snow and absorb radiation, birches would shed their leaves in winter, thus enabling radiation to be reflected by the snow. Re-routing Russian rivers to increase cold water flow to ice-forming areas could also be used to slow down warming, say some climate scientists.E But will such schemes ever be implemented? Generally speaking, those who are most cautious about geo-engineering are the scientists involved in the research. Angel says that his plan is ‘no substitute for developing renewable energy: the only permanent solution’. And Dr Phil Rasch of the US-based Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is equally guarded about the roleof geo-engineering: ‘I think all of us agree that if we were to end geo-engineering on a given day, then the planet would return to its pre-engineered condition very rapidly, and probably within ten to twenty years. That’s certainly something to worry about.’F The US National Center for Atmospheric Research has already suggested that the proposal to inject sulphur into the atmosphere might affect rainfall patterns across the tropics and the Southern Ocean. ‘Geo-engineering plans to inject stratospheric aerosols or to seed clouds would act to cool the planet, and act to increase the extent of sea ice,’ says Rasch. ‘But all the models suggest some impact on the distribution of precipitation.’G ‘A further risk with geo-engineering projects is that you can “overshoot”,’says Dr Dan Lunt, from the University of Bristol’s School of Geophysical Sciences, who has studied the likely impacts of the sunshade and aerosol schemes on the climate. ‘You may bring global temperatures back to pre-industrial levels, but the risk is that the poles will still be warmer than they should be and the tropics will be cooler than before industrialisation.’ To avoid such a scenario, Lunt says Angel’s project would have to operate at half strength; all of which reinforces his view that the best option is to avoid the need for geo-engineering altogether.H The main reason why geo-engineering is supported by many in the scientific community is that most researchers have little faith in the ability of politicians to agree — and then bring in —the necessary carbon cuts. Even leading conservation organisations see the value of investigating the potential of geo-engineering. According to Dr Martin Sommerkorn, climatechange advisor for the World Wildlife Fund’s International Arctic Programme, ‘Human-induced climate change has brought humanity to a position where we shouldn’t exclude thinking thoroughly about this topic and its possibilities.’Questions 27-29Reading Passage 3 has eight paragraphs A-H.Which paragraph contains the following information?Write the correct letter, A-H, in boxes 27-29 on your answer sheet.27 mention of a geo-engineering project based on an earlier natural phenomenon28 an example of a successful use of geo-engineering29 a common definition of geo-engineeringQuestions 30-36Complete the table below.Choose ONE WORD from the passage for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 30-36 on your answer sheet.GEO-ENGINEERING PROJECTSProcedure Aimput a large number of tiny spacecraft into orbit far above Earth to create a 30 __________ that would reduce the amount of light reaching Earthplace 31 __________ in the sea to encourage 32 __________ to formrelease aerosol sprays into the stratosphere to create 33 __________ that would reduce the amount of light reaching Earth fix strong 34 __________ to Greenland ice sheets to prevent icebergs moving into the seaplant trees in Russian Arctic that would lose their leaves in winter to allow the 35 __________ to reflect radiationchange the direction of 36 __________ to bring more cold water into ice-forming areasQuestions 37-40Look at the following statements (Questions 37-40) and the list of scientists below.Match each statement with the correct scientist, A-D.Write the correct letter, A-D, in boxes 37-40 on your answer sheet.37 The effects of geo-engineering may not be long-lasting.38 Geo-engineering is a topic worth exploring.39 It may be necessary to limit the effectiveness of geo-engineering projects.40 Research into non-fossil-based fuels cannot be replaced by geo-engineering.List of ScientistsA Roger AngelB Phil RaschC Dan LuntD Martin Sommerkorn剑桥雅思阅读11原文参考译文(test1)PASSAGE 1参考译文：作物生长的“摩天大厦”到2050年，近80%的地球人口将在城市中心生活。

剑桥11 test 1 小作文英文版Cambridge 11 Test 1 Short EssayIn the modern era, the significance of technology in our daily lives cannot be overstated. It has transformed the way we interact, learn, and work, making the world a more connected and accessible place. The Cambridge 11 Test 1 short essay topic, "The effects of technology on daily life", presents an opportunity to explore the profound impact of technology on individuals and society.Firstly, technology has revolutionized communication. The advent of the internet and smartphones has made it possible to stay connected with people across the globe at any time. Social media platforms allow us to share updates, thoughts, and experiences instantaneously, bridging the physical distance between us. Video conferencing tools have made remote workand learning a reality, enabling individuals to participate in meetings and classes without being physically present.Moreover, technology has had a significant impact on education. Online courses and virtual classrooms have provided access to knowledge and learning opportunities for people who may not have had them otherwise. These platforms have broken down geographical barriers, allowing students from diverse backgrounds to study together and learn from each other's experiences.Additionally, technology has facilitated advancements in healthcare. Diagnostic tools and medical equipment have become more accurate and efficient, enabling doctors to make better-informed decisions about patient care. Telemedicine has also emerged as a convenient option for remote areas, allowing people to access medical services without having to travel long distances.However, it is important to acknowledge that technology also has its downsides. The excessive use of digital devices canlead to eye strain, poor posture, and other health issues. Furthermore, the constant stream of information and social media updates can contribute to stress and anxiety. Therefore, it is crucial to strike a balance between technology use and maintaining a healthy lifestyle.In conclusion, technology has had a profound impact on our daily lives, shaping the way we communicate, learn, and work. While it has brought numerous benefits, it is essential to be mindful of its potential downsides and use it responsibly. By doing so, we can harness the power of technology to improve our lives and contribute to a more connected and progressive society.中文版剑桥11测试1小作文在现代社会，科技在我们日常生活中的重要性不言而喻。

Text OneThe All-American Slurpby Lensey Namioka1．People in different places have different lifestyles and eating habits. Ignorance of the differences may sometimes lead to cultural shocks. Read the following story and see how the author feels towards her own culture and that of the West even over trivial matters such as table manners.2．The first time our family was invited out to dinner in America, we disgraced ourselves while eating celery. We had immigrated to this country from China, and during our early days here we had a hard time with American table manners.3．In China we never ate celery raw, or any other kind of vegetable raw. We always had to disinfect the vegetables in boiling water first. When we were presented with our first relish tray, the raw celery caught us unprepared.4．We had been invited to dinner 课文一全美习俗伦赛·娜米奥卡1．不同的地方有不同的生活方式和饮食习惯。

每日英语听力剑桥雅思听力11全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1Cambridge IELTS 11 Listening Test is part of the IELTS examination that assesses the listening skills of candidates. This test is essential to evaluate the ability of candidates to understand spoken English in a variety of contexts. In this article, we will take a look at the format of the listening test, some tips to improve listening skills, and how to prepare for Cambridge IELTS 11 Listening Test.The Cambridge IELTS 11 Listening Test consists of four sections, each with ten questions. The test lasts for about 30 minutes, and candidates are given time to read the questions before listening to the audio. The audio recordings are designed to test a range of listening skills, such as understanding main ideas, specific information, opinions, and attitudes.To improve listening skills for the Cambridge IELTS 11 Listening Test, candidates can practice listening to a variety of English-speaking materials, such as podcasts, news broadcasts, and TED Talks. It is also essential to practice listening to differentaccents and speaking styles to improve comprehension. Taking notes while listening can help candidates remember important details and answer questions more accurately.In order to prepare for the Cambridge IELTS 11 Listening Test, candidates can use practice tests and study materials specifically designed for IELTS preparation. These resources will familiarize candidates with the format of the test and help them improve their listening skills. Additionally, candidates can work on building their vocabulary and grammar to enhance their understanding of spoken English.Overall, the Cambridge IELTS 11 Listening Test is an important component of the IELTS examination that assesses candidates' ability to understand spoken English. By practicing listening to a variety of English-speaking materials, improving listening skills, and using appropriate study materials, candidates can effectively prepare for the test and improve their chances of achieving a high score.篇2Cambridge IELTS 11 Listening Test is a valuable resource for those preparing for the IELTS exam. The test consists of four sections, each with a different focus on listening skills. This test isdesigned to evaluate the test-taker's ability to understand spoken English in a variety of accents and contexts.In Section 1, the test-taker will listen to a conversation between two people, usually on a familiar topic such as travel or shopping. This section focuses on listening for specific information, such as names, dates, and locations. Test-takers must be able to listen for key details in order to answer the questions correctly.Section 2 features a monologue on a topic of general interest, such as health or the environment. Test-takers must listen for main ideas and supporting details in order to answer the questions accurately. This section evaluates the test-taker's ability to follow a lecture-style presentation and extract relevant information.Section 3 presents a conversation between up to four people, often in an academic setting. This section tests the test-taker's ability to understand multiple speakers and their interactions. Test-takers must be able to identify speakers' attitudes, opinions, and intentions in order to answer questions correctly.Section 4 consists of a lecture on an academic topic, such as science or history. This section challenges test-takers to follow a formal presentation and understand complex ideas. Test-takersmust be able to listen for detailed information and make inferences based on the content of the lecture.Overall, Cambridge IELTS 11 Listening Test offers a comprehensive overview of the listening skills needed to succeed on the IELTS exam. By practicing with the test,test-takers can improve their ability to understand spoken English in a variety of contexts and accents. With dedication and practice, test-takers can develop the listening skills needed to achieve a high score on the IELTS exam.篇3Title: Daily English Listening - Cambridge IELTS Listening 11Introduction:Listening is an essential skill in mastering a language, and it is particularly important for those preparing for the IELTS exam. To enhance listening skills, practicing daily English listening exercises is crucial. In this document, we will explore the benefits of daily English listening practice and focus on the listening exercises provided in Cambridge IELTS Listening 11.Benefits of Daily English Listening Practice:1. Improved comprehension skills: Daily English listening practice helps improve understanding of different accents, vocabulary, and speech patterns.2. Enhanced pronunciation: Regular listening practice aids in improving pronunciation and intonation.3. Vocabulary expansion: Listening to a variety of topics and speakers helps broaden vocabulary.4. Increased confidence: Regular practice builds confidence in understanding spoken English.Cambridge IELTS Listening 11:Cambridge IELTS Listening 11 is a valuable resource for improving listening skills for the IELTS exam. It includes four practice tests with different topics and question types. The variety in topics such as academic lectures, conversations in social contexts, and monologues makes it an excellent tool for varied listening practice.Tips for Using Cambridge IELTS Listening 11:1. Practice each test under timed conditions to simulate exam conditions.2. Focus on understanding the main ideas and key details in each listening passage.3. Take notes while listening to help retain information.4. Review the answers and explanations to understand where mistakes were made and learn from them.Conclusion:Daily English listening practice is crucial for improving listening skills, especially for those preparing for the IELTS exam. Cambridge IELTS Listening 11 is a valuable resource that provides diverse listening exercises to enhance comprehension and test-taking skills. By incorporating daily listening practice with Cambridge IELTS Listening 11, test-takers can boost their confidence and performance in the listening component of the IELTS exam.。

TPO11听力-Section1-Conversation1Narrator:Listen to a conversation between a student and a university employee.独白:听下面一段学生和大学职员的对话。

Student:Hi,I need to pick up the gym pass.Pick up拿起，提起，捡起学生:嗨，我来拿体育馆的通行证。

Employee:OK.I'll need your name,year,and university ID.职员:好的。

我需要你的姓名，年级及学生证。

Student:Here's my ID card.And my name is Gina Kent,and I'm first year.学生:这是我的学生证。

吉娜·肯特，大学一年级。

Employee:OK.Gina.I'll type up the pass for you right away.Type up打印成稿Right away立刻，马上职员:好的，吉娜。

我现在就把你的通行证打出来。

Student:Great!This is exciting.I can't wait to get started.学生:太好了！太令人兴奋了。

我等不及要开始用了。

Employee:Oh,this is a wonderful gym.职员:噢，这是一个非常好的体育馆。

Student:That's what everybody has been saying.学生:每个人都这么说。

Everyone is talking about the new pool,the new indoor course.大家都在谈论新泳池，新的室内体育课。

But what I love is all the classes.但我喜欢所有的课。

雅思为各位考生推荐复习材料-剑桥雅思11Test1听力SECTION 2原题+解析,本单元其他相关解析，请点击：剑桥雅思11Test1听力SECTION 1原题+解析。

SECTION 2 Questions 11-20Questions 11-14Complete the notes below.Write ONE WORD for each answer.Fiddy Working Heritage FarmAdvice about visiting the farmVisitors shouldtake care not to harm any 11 __________not touch any 12 __________wear 13 __________not bring 14 __________ into the farm, with certain exceptionsQuestions 15-20Label the map below.Write the correct letter A-I, next to Questions 15-20.Section 2Question 11答案：animal/animals定位原文：scripts:I must give you some advice and safety tips before we go any further. As it’s a working farm, please don’t frighten or injure animals.解题思路：听到safety tips，这就是预示了答案在前方不远处，预读题目，可知答案一定是个名词，injure和 harm是同义表达。

Question 12答案：tool/tools定位原文：scripts:And do stay at a safe distance rom the tools; Some of them have sharp points which can be pretty dangerous, so please don’t touch them.解题思路：stay at a safe distance是not touch 的同义表达，而且在原文的本句后也直接说了don’t touch them。

剑桥11阅读答案【篇一：剑桥11 text 1 听力原文及翻译】=txt>section 1hello?你好？oh, hello. i wanted to enquire about hiring a room in the village hall, for the evening of september 1st.您好，我想问一下租用村务大厅的一间公共会议室的事宜，九月一日晚上要用。

let me just see. . . yes, we have both rooms available that evening.我看看......那天晚上我们的两个会议室都可以用。

theres our main hall-thats got seating for 200 people. or theres the charlton room. . .一个是主厅，里面可容纳200个人。

另一间是charlton会议室...... the main hall seats 200, so 200 has been written in the space.主厅可容纳200个人，所以空白处应该填写200。

now we shall begin. you should answer the questions as you listen because you will not hear the recording a second time. listen carefully and answer questions 1 to 6.现在考试正式开始。

你需要在听的过程中回答问题，因为录音只播放一次。

请仔细听并回答问题1-6。

hello?你好？oh, hello. i wanted to enquire about hiring a room in the village hall, for the evening of september the first.您好，我想问一下租用村务大厅的一间公共会议室的事宜，九月一日晚上要用。

Text 1Section1W: Good evening. King's restaurant.W:晚上好。

国王的餐厅。

M: Good evening. I'm ringing about the job I understand you have vacantM:晚上好。

我打电话是关于工作我理解你有空吗W: Oh, yes.W:哦,是的。

M: I'd like to find out a few more details if I may.M:我想如果我可以找到更多的细节。

W: Yes, of course. Can I take your nameW:是的,当然。

我能把你的名字吗M: It's Peter Chin.M:这是彼得的下巴。

W: Ok, Peter. Well, if you want to ask about the job and then if we're both still interested, we could arrange you to come for an interview.W:好的,彼得。

好吧,如果你想问一下工作,然后如果我们都仍然有兴趣,我们可以安排你来参加面试。

M: Great, thanks. I'm afraid I missed the advert for the job but I heard about it from a friend.M:很好,谢谢。

我恐怕错过了广告的工作,但是我从一个朋友那里听说的。

W: That's no problem at all. What would you like to knowW:没问题。

你想知道什么M: Well, um, what sort of work is it- washing upM:好吧,嗯,什么样的工作——洗餐具吗W: It's answering the phone.W:这是接电话。

Test2(section1-1)Good Morning. Youth Council. Caroline speaking.Oh, hello, I'm interested in standing for election to the Youth Council, and I was told to give you a call.That's good. Could I have your name, please?Yes, it's Roger Brown.Thank you. I'm Caroline, the Youth Council administrator.So do you know much about what the Council does, Roger?I've talked to Stephanie — I think she's the chair of the Council.That's right.And she told me a lot about it.How it's a way for young people to discuss local issues, for example,and make suggestions to the town council. That's what made me interested.Fine. Well let me take down some of your details.First of all, how old are you? You know the Council is for young people aged from 13 to 18? I've just turned 18.And where do you live, Roger?Well, that's a bit complicated.At the moment I'm looking for a flat to rent here, so l'm in a hosteI from Monday to Friday.I go back to my parents' place at the weekend.OK, so where's the best place to send you some information about the Council?Oh, to my parents' address, please.That's 17, Buckleigh Street — B-U-C-K-L-E-I-G-H Street, Stamford, Lincolnshire,though you don't really need the county.Oh, I know Stamford — it's a lovely town. And what's the postcode?PE9 7QT.Right, thank you. So are you working here, or are you a student?I started studying at the university a couple of weeks ago,and I've got a part-time job for a few hours a week.What do you do?Well, I've done several different things.I've just finished a short-term contract as a courier,and now I'm working as a waiter in one of the big hotels.Uhuh. That can't leave you much time for studying!Oh, it's not too bad. I manage to fit it all in.What are you studying?My ambition is to go into parliament eventually, so my major subject is politics.That's partly why I think the Youth Council is important and want to be a part of it.And I suppose you're also taking a minor subject, aren't you?I know a lot of people study economics too.I chose history.To be honest, I'm not finding it as interesting as I expected!Test2(section1-2)OK, so with your studying and your part-time job, do you have time for any other interests or hobbies?Well, I spend quite a lot of time cycling — both around town to get to university and to work, and also long-distance, from here to London, for instance.That's pretty impressive! Anything else?For relaxation I'm also keen on the cinemaI used to go at least once a week, but I can't manage to go so often now.Right. Are you sure you'll have enough time for the Youth Council?Yes, I've worked out that I can afford to reduce my hours at work, and that will make the time. So is there any particular aspect of the Youth Council's work that appeals to you, Roger? Well, my sister is blind, so I'm particularly interested in working with disabled young people, to try and improve the quality of their lives.That's great. Well, the best way to get involved is to be nominated by some people who you know.Right. Can you tell me how to set about organising that?You should talk to Jeffrey, our Elections Officer.I can arrange a meeting in the council office with him, if you like.Yes, please.He'll be here next Monday, if that suits you.That's the 14th, isn't it?Yes.I can manage late afternoon.Would you like to suggest a time?He generally leaves around 5.30.Well, would 4.30 be OK?My last class finishes at 4, so I'd have plenty of time to get to your office.Right, that's fine. Oh, and could I have a phone number we can contact you on?Yes, my mobile number's 07788 136711.Thank you. Well, we'll look forward to seeing you next week.Thanks very much. Goodbye.Bye.Test2(section2-1)Hi. Great to see you!I'm Jody, and I'll be looking after both of you for the first month you're working here at the Amersham Theatre.I'll tell you something about the theatre now, then take you to meet two of the other staff. It's an old building, and it's been modernised several times.In fact, as you can see, we're carrying out a major refurbishment at the moment.The interior has just been repainted, and we're about to start on the exterior of the building — that'll be a big job.The work's running over budget, so we've had to postpone installing an elevator.I hope you're happy running up and down stairs!When the theatre was built, people were generally slimmer and shorter than now, and the seats were very close together.We've replaced them with larger seats with more legroom.This means fewer seats in total but we've taken the opportunity to install seats that can easily be moved, to create different acting spaces.We've also turned a few storerooms over to other purposes like using them for meetings. We try hard to involve members of the public in the theatre.One way is by orgnising backstage tours so people can be shown round the building and learn how a theatre operates.These are proving very popular.What we're finding is that people want to have lunch or a cup of coffee while they're here, so we're looking into the possibility of opening a cafe in due course.We have a bookshop which specialises in books about drama and that attracts plenty of customers.Then there are two large rooms that will be decorated next month,and they'll be available for hire, for conferences and private functions, such as parties.We're also considering hiring out costumes to amateur drama clubs.Now I want to tell you about our workshops.We recently started a programme of workshops that anyone can join.Eventually we intend to run courses in acting,but we're waiting until we've got the right people in place as trainers.That's proving more difficult than we'd expected!There's a big demand to learn about the technical side of putting on a production,and our lighting workshop has already started with great success.We're going to start one on sound next month.A number of people have enquired about work shops on make-up, and that's something we're considering for the future.A surprise success is the workshop on making puppetswe happen to have someone working here who does it as a hobby, and she offered to run a workshop.It was so popular we're now running them every month!Test2(section2-2)Now, a word about the layout of the building.The auditorium, stage and dressing rooms for the actors are all below ground level.Here on the ground floor we have most of the rooms that the public doesn't see.The majority are internal, so they have windows in the roof to light them.Standing here in the foyer, you're probably wonderingwhy the box office isn't here, where the public would expect to find it.Well, you might have noticed it on your way inalthough it's part of this building, it's next door with separate entrance from the road.For the theatre manager's office you across the foyer and through the double doors,turn right and it's the room at the end of the corridor with the door on the left.The lighting box is where the compute rise stage lighting is operated and it's at the back of the building.When you're through the double doors turn left, turn right at the water cooler, and right again at the end.It's the second room along that corridor.The lighting box has a window into the auditorium, which of course is below us.The artistic director's office is through the double doors turn rightand it's the first room you come to on the right-hand side.And finally, for the moment, the room where I'll take you next — the relaxation room.So if you'd like to come with me...Test2(section3-1)I've brought my notes on our Biology Field Trip to Rocky Bay, Colin,so we can work on our report on the research we did together.OK. I've got mine too. Let's look at the aims of the trip first.Right. What did you have?I just put something about getting experience of the different sorts of procedures used on a field trip.But we need something about what causes different organisms to choose particular habitats.I agree. And something about finding out how to protect organisms in danger of dying out? In our aims? But we weren't really looking at that.I suppose not. OK, now there's the list of equipment we all had to bring on the field trip. What did they tell us to bring a ruler for?It was something about measuring the slope of the shore,but of course we didn't need it because we were measuring wind direction, and we'd brought the compass for that...But not the piece of string to hold up in the air!Didn't Mr Blake make a fuss about us leaving that behind.Yeah. He does go on. Anyway it was easy to get one from another of the students.Now, the next section's the procedure. I sent you the draft of that.Yeah. It was clear, but I don't think we need all these details of what time we leftand what time we got back and how we divided up different research tasks.OK. I'll look at that again.Then we have to describe our method of investigation in detail.So let's begin with how we measured wave speed I was surprised how straightforward that was.I'd expected us to have some sort of high-tech device not just stand there and count the number of waves per minute.Not very precise, but I suppose it was good enough.But the way we measured the amount of salt was interesting.In the water from the rock pools?Yeah, oh, I wanted to check the chemicals we used in the lab when we analysed those samples was it potassium chromate and silver nitrate?That's right.OK. And we need the map of the seashore. You just left that to me.And I had to do it while the tide was low, well that was OK,but the place I started it from was down on the beachthen I realised I should have gone up higher to get better visibility, so I had to start all over again.But at least I'd got the squared paper or I'd have had problems drawing it all to scale. Yeah. It looks good.We could get a map of the region off the internet and see if we need to make any changes.I had a look but I couldn't find anything.But you took some pictures, didn't you?Yeah. I'll email you them if you want.OK. I'll make my amendments using those then I can scan it into our report. Great.Test2(section3-2)Now when we get to our findings I thought we could divide them up into the different zoneswe identified on the shore and the problems organisms face in each zone.So for the highest area.....The splash zone?Yeah, we found mostly those tiny shellfish that have strong hard shells that act as protection. But not from other organisms that might eat them, predators?No, that's not the main danger for them.But the shells prevent them from drying out because they're in the open air for most of the time.Right. And since they're exposed, they need to be able to find some sort of shelter,or cover themselves up, so they don't get too hot.Then in the middle and lower zones, nearer the sea, we need to discuss the effects of wave action...Yes, and how organisms develop structures to prevent themselves from being swept away, or even destroyed by being smashed against the rocks.I haven't done anything on the geological changes. I don't know what to put for that.No, we weren't concentrating on that. Maybe we need to find some websites.Good idea. I've got the lecture notes from Mr. Blake's geology course, but they're too general. But we could ask him which books on our Reading List might be most helpful.Right. OK, now I did a draft of the section of sources of possible error in our research,but I don't know if you agree.For example, the size of the sample, and whether it's big enough to make any general conclusions from.But I thought actually we did have quite a big sample.We did. And our general method of observation seemed quite reliable.But we might not be all that accurate as far as the actual numbers go.Yeah, we might have missed some organisms — if they were hiding under a rock for example.I wasn't sure about the way we described their habitats.I decided it was probably OK.Yeah, and the descriptions we gave of the smaller organisms, they weren't very detailed,but they were adequate in this context.I'm not sure we identified all the species correctly though.OK, we'd better mention that. Now, how we...Test2(section4-1)We've been discussing the factors the architect has to consider when designing domestic buildings.I'm going to move on now to consider the design of public buildings,and I'll illustrate this by referring to the new Taylor Concert Hall that's recently been completed here in the city.So, as with a domestic building, when designing a public building, an architect needs to consider the function of the buildingfor example, is it to be used primarily for entertainment, or for education, or for administration? The second thing the architect needs to think about is the context of the building,this includes its physical location obviously but it also includes the social meaning of the building,how it relates to the people it's built for.And finally for important public buildings,the architect may also be looking for a central symbolic idea on which to base the design,a sort of metaphor for the building and the way in which it is used.Let's look at the new Taylor Concert Hall in relation to these ideas.The location chosen was a site in a run-down district that has been ignored in previous redevelopment plans.It was occupied by a factory that had been empty for some years.The whole area was some distance from the high-rise office blocks of the central business district and shopping centre,but it was only one kilometre from the ring road.The site itself was bordered to the north by a canalwhich had once been used by boats bringing in raw materials when the area was used for manufacturing.The architect chosen for the project was Tom Harrison.He found the main design challenge was the location of the site in an area that had no neighbouring buildings of any importance.To reflect the fact that the significance of the building in this quite run-down location was as yet unknown,he decided to create a building centred around the idea of a mystery--something whose meaning still has to be discovered.So how was this reflected in the design of the building?Well, Harrison decided to create pedestrian access to the building and to make use of the presence of water on the site.As people approach the entrance they therefore have to cross over abridge.He wanted to give people a feeling of suspense as they see the building first from a distance, and then close-up,and the initial impression he wanted to create from the shape of the building as a whole was that of a box.The first side that people see, the southern wall, is just a high, flat wall uninterrupted by any windows.This might sound off-putting, but it supports Harrison's concept of the buildingthat the person approaching is intrigued and wonders what will be inside.And this flat wall also has another purpose.At night-time projectors are switched on and it functions as a huge screen onto which images are projected.Test2(section4-2)The auditorium itself seats 1500 people.The floor's supported by ten massive pads.These are constructed from rubber,and so are able to absorb any vibrations from outside and prevent them from affecting the auditorium.The walls are made of several layers of honey-coloured wood, all sourced from local beech trees.In order to improve the acoustic properties of the auditorium and to amplify the sound, they are not straight, they are curved.The acoustics are also adjustable according to the size of orchestra and the type of music being played.In order to achieve this, there are nine movable panels in the ceiling above the orchestra which are all individually motorized,and the walls also have curtains which can be opened or closed to change the acoustics. The reaction of the public to the new building has generally been positive.However the evaluation of some critics has been less enthusiastic.In spite of Harrison's efforts to use local materials they criticise the style of the design as being international rather than local,and say it doesn't reflect features of the landscape or society for which it is built.。

剑桥国际少儿英语1第11单元文本Unit 11 Our house 我们的房子1.Listen and point.听并指出来Mr Star: Hello, everybody. I’m home! Where is everybody?大家好，我在家！大家在哪里？Grandma: Hello. We’re in the living room.你好，我们在客厅Mr Star: Where are the children?孩子们在哪？Grandma: Stella’s in the kitchen, Suzy’s in her bedroom and Simon’s in the bathroom.S在厨房，SUZY在她的卧室，S在洗手间。

Mr Star: Good. Stella!很好，S！Stella: Hi, Dad! Yes?你好，爸爸，真的吗?Mr Star: Where’s Mum?妈妈在哪？Stella: She’s in the dining room.她在餐厅。

Mrs Star: I’m here. In the dining room. Where are you?我在这，我在餐厅，你们在哪？Mr Star: I’m in the hall.我在大厅（走道）里。

Mrs Star: Well, come in and sit down.很好，过来坐下来。

2.Listen, point and repeat.听，指出来并跟着读Bedroom, bathroom, living room, dining room, kitchen, hall卧室洗手间客厅餐厅厨房大厅（走道）3.Look at page 66. Listen and correct. 看第66页，听并纠正Monty’ s in the bathroom.M在洗手间Grandma and Grandpa are in the kitchen. 爷爷和奶奶在厨房Maskman’s in the living room.M在客厅The cat’s in the hall.猫在大厅（走道）里Stella’s in the bedroom.S在卧室Mr Star’s in the dining room.星先生在餐厅Suzy’s in the kitchen.S在厨房Mrs Star’s in the bathroom.星夫人在洗手间Simon’s in the living room.S在客厅4.Listen and say ‘yes’ or ‘no’.听并判断对或错Stella’s got three beds in her bedroom.S的卧室里有三张床She’s got two chairs in her bedroom. 她的卧室里有两张椅子She’s got a table in her bedroom.她的卧室里有一张桌子She’s got a computer in her bedroom.她的卧室里有一台电脑She’s got a red toy box in her bedroom.她的卧室里有一个红色的玩具箱She’s got a lot of books in her bedroom.她的卧室里有很多书She’s got a lot of toys in her bedroom. 她的卧室里有很多玩具She’s got a bike in her bedroom.她的卧室里有一辆自行车5.Listen and point.Toys in the toy box.Come alive.Walk and talk.On the count of five.One, two, three, four, five.Monty: What have we got here? OK. The children are sitting in the living room. Meera’s listening to music.我们看到了什么？孩子们正坐在客厅，M正在听音乐。

2011年考研英语(一)阅读真题全文翻译及答案（七绝俗手版）2011-01-1621-25 CBDBA26-30 BDCAC31-35 DCBAA36-40 CDADB41-45 BDACFSection IIReading ComprehensionPart A Directions:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A], , [C] or [D]. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1The decision of the New York Philharmonic to hire Alan Gilbert as its next music director has been the talk of the classical-music world ever since the sudden announcement of his appointment in 2009. For the most part, the response has been favorable, to say the least. “Hooray! At last!” wrote Anthony Tommasini, a sober-sided classical-music critic。

2009年纽约交响乐团突然宣布聘用艾伦·吉尔伯特为下一位乐曲指挥，从那时起一直到现在，这次任命都成为古典音乐界的话题。

退一步说，从总体上看，反应还是不错的。

如冷静的古典音乐评论家安东尼·托姆西尼就这样写：从长时间来看，这次委命是英明的。

One of the reasons why the appointment came as such a surprise, however, is that Gilbert is comparatively little known. Even Tommasini, who had advocated Gilbert’s appointment in the Times, calls him “an unpretentious musician wi th no air of the formidable conductor about him。

雅思为各位考生推荐复习材料-剑桥雅思11Test1听力SECTION 1原题+解析,需要了解本单元其他相关内容（阅读系列）的同学，请点击：剑11雅思阅读Test1passage1原文+译文：作物生长的“摩天大厦”；剑11雅思阅读Test1passage2原文+译文：法尔柯克水轮。

SECTION 1 Questions 1-10Complete the notes below.Write ONE WORD AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.HIRING A PUBLIC ROOMExamplethe Main Hall - seats 200Room and costthe 1 __________ Room — seats 100Cost of Main Hall for Saturday evening: 2 ￡ __________ + ￡250 deposit (3 __________ payment is required)Cost includes use of tables and chairs and also 4 __________Additional charge for use of the kitchen: ￡25Before the eventWill need a 5 __________ licenceNeed to contact caretaker (Mr Evans) in advance to arrange 6 __________During the eventThe building is no smokingThe band should use the 7 __________ door at the backDon’t touch the system that controls the volumeFor microphones, contact the caretakerAfter the eventNeed to know the 8 __________ for the cleaning cupboardThe 9 __________ must be washed and rubbish placed in black bagsAll 10 __________ must be taken downChairs and tables must be piled up剑桥雅思11听力Test1答案解析Section 1Question 1答案：Charlton定位原文：scripts:- Or there‘s a Charlton Room- Sorry?- The Charlton room, C-H-A-R-L-T-O-NThat’s got seating for up to 100.解题思路：文章关于房间名的地方重复了两遍，且第二遍对单词进行了拼写，按照所念的单词拼写可以得出答案。

作物生长的“摩天大厦”到2050年，近80%的地球人口将在城市中心生活。

依据当前的人口统计趋势进行最保守的估计，那时人类将增加了约30亿人。

如果继续像现在这样使用传统的农耕方法，那么需要大约10亿公顷新土地（大约比巴西国家面积大出20%）来生产足够的食物以供给他们。

如今，纵观全世界，超过80%适合种粮食作物的土地在使用中。

从历史经验来看，这其中大约15%因不合理的管理使用行为而被荒废。

我们能够做些什么以确保有足够的食物来供养世界人口呢？由于室内种植番茄和其他作物已经时兴一段时间了，所以室内种植的概念并不新奇。

新的问题是迫切需要按比例扩大这一技术来供养另外的30亿人。

很多人相信通过使用尖端技术，一种全新的室内农业方式是有必要的。

“垂直农场”就是这样的一个提议。

这一概念是在多层建筑中，粮食作物在环境可控的条件下生长。

它们位于城市中心，意味着它们将大幅度减少把作物运送给消费者的运输量。

垂直农场需要高效而低廉，从而方便建设和安全操作。

支持者们称，如果成功实施，垂直农场会带来城市复苏的希望，持续提供安全多样的食物供应（通过整年生产所有谷物），并且最终修复由于水平农业而造成损害的生态系统。

人类用了一万年去学习如何种植大部分作物，虽然如今我们视这些作物的种植为理所当然。

在这期间，我们在大部分我们耕作的土地上大肆掠夺，经常将青葱自然的生态地带变成半干旱沙漠地带。

在同一时间范围内，我们进化成为城市物种，其中60%的人口如今纵向分布居住在城市中。

这意味着，对大多数人而言，我们人类享有自然的庇护，而我们将生产粮食的作物暴露于户外的严苛环境，除了寄希望于一年风调雨顺之外，再也无能为力。

然而，通常由于快速变化的气候，情况并不常常如人意。

每年都会出现大洪水、持续干旱、飓风以及强烈的季风夺取收成，数百万吨珍贵的作物被毁掉。

垂直农业的支持者们认为这一系统有许多潜在的优势。

例如，可以整年生产作物，因为它们生长在人工控制的、最理想生长环境中。

剑桥11 TEXT 1 听力原文SECTION 1Hello?你好？Oh, hello. I wanted to enquire about hiring a room in the Village Hall, for the evening of September 1st.您好，我想问一下租用村务大厅的一间公共会议室的事宜，九月一日晚上要用。

Let me just see. . . Yes, we have both rooms available that evening.我看看......那天晚上我们的两个会议室都可以用。

There's our Main Hall-that's got seating for 200 people. Or there's the Charlton Room. . .一个是主厅，里面可容纳200个人。

另一间是Charlton会议室......The main hall seats 200, so 200 has been written in the space.主厅可容纳200个人，所以空白处应该填写200。

Now we shall begin. You should answer the questions as you listen because you will not hear the recordinga second time. Listen carefully and answer questions1 to 6.现在考试正式开始。

你需要在听的过程中回答问题，因为录音只播放一次。

请仔细听并回答问题1-6。

Hello?你好？Oh, hello. I wanted to enquire about hiring a room in the Village Hall, for the evening of September the first.您好，我想问一下租用村务大厅的一间公共会议室的事宜，九月一日晚上要用。

剑桥 11 TEXT 1 听力原文SECTION 1Hello?你好？Oh, hello. I wanted to enquire about hiring a room inthe Village Hall, for the evening of September 1st.您好，我想问一下租用村务大厅的一间公共会议室的事宜，九月一日晚上要用。

Let me just see. . . Yes, we have both roomsavailable that evening.我看看 ...... 那天晚上我们的两个会议室都可以用。

There's our Main Hall-that's got seating for 200 people.Or there's the Charlton Room. . .一个是主厅，里面可容纳200 个人。

另一间是Charlton会议室 ......The main hall seats 200, so 200 has been written in the space.主厅可容纳200 个人，所以空白处应该填写200 。

Now we shall begin. You should answer the questionsas you listen because you will not hear the recordinga second time. Listen carefully and answerquestions 1 to 6.现在考试正式开始。

你需要在听的过程中回答问题，因为录音只播放一次。

请仔细听并回答问题1-6 。

Hello?你好？Oh, hello. I wanted to enquire about hiring a room inthe Village Hall, for the evening of September the first.您好，我想问一下租用村务大厅的一间公共会议室的事宜，九月一日晚上要用。