情态动词(讲义及答案)
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情态动词（讲义）
一、can， could， may， might 表示请求许可
1.区别
Can I take the book away?
Could I take the book away?
May I take the book away?
Might I take the book away?
语气的委婉程度从高到低为 can， could， may， might。
2.can， could， may， might 表示请求许可时的回答。
—Can you give me another chance?
—Yes， I can. No， I can’t.
—Could I look at your pictures?
—Yes， of course you ./—I am sorry you .
用could 提问，表示“能……吗？”，若表示同意用 can，不同意
用can’t，注意不用 could 来回答。
—May I speak to you for a moment in private， please?
May 表示请求许可时，常常与第一人称 I 连用，构成“May I…?”句式，表示“我可以……吗？”
肯定回答用 Yes， you may. / Yes， please. / Yes， of course.
否定回答用N o， you can’t. / No， you mustn
’t. ( )—May I smoke here?
—， you . It can be dangerous.
A.Yes； can
B. No；can’t
C. Yes； may
D. No；
needn’t Might I come in?
Might I borrow some money?
might 用于礼貌的询问是否能做某事，常出现在口语中，用法稍
显过时。
肯定回答通常用 may，否定回答可以用 can’t 或者 mustn’t。
练习：
( )—Can I get you a drink?—. I am not thirsty.
A.That’s very nice of you
B. No，you don’t have to
C. Yes， please
D. With pleasure
( )—May I leave the classroom now? 1
—No， you . You shouldn’t leave until the bell rings.
A. may not
B. can’t
C. needn’t
D. couldn’t
( )—you pass me a pen? I’d like to write down the telephone number.
A. Need
B. Could
C. Must
D. Should ( )—Could I use your eraser for a while?
—Yes， of course you .
A. could
B. will
C. can
D. should
二、情态动词和短语情态动词
1.情态动词
need
The little girl needs to get some sleep.
I needed two more days to finish the work.
Do you need to have some coffee?
need 作实义动词，有人称，时态的变化。接动词时，用动词不定式。
—Need I come here before eight tomorrow morning?
—No， you needn’t.
need 作情态动词时，常用于否定句和疑问句中。判
断下列句子中的 need 属于实义动词还是情态动词
Tom needs to have a rest after a day’s working.
Need I pay the dishes now?
He didn’t need to go the hospital.
He needn’t have gone to hospital—he only had a cold.
dare v. 敢于
I would never dare to steal things from stores.
Do you dare to tell her what I said?
I didn’t dare to look at him.
I daren’t tell my mother the truth.
dare 可以做实义动词，后面接动词不定式（口语中 to 可以省略）也可做情态动词，常用于否定句和疑问句。
shall
We shall be away next week.
I shall be in Henan next Friday.
I/we shall，用于表示未来要做的事。
Shall I open the window?
Shall we meet at six， OK?
What shall I make for dinner?