Hypermesh和Abaqus的接口分析实例

Consider a 96 in. x 12 in. cantilever beam as shown in the above figure. The beam is loaded at the right end by a force P = 40000 lb. The beam is isotropic with Young’s modulus E = 3x107psi and Poisson’s ratio ν= 0.3. Using Hypermesh and ABAQUS, perform the analysis outlined below. Start out by creating a relatively coarse mesh of 4-node quadrilateral elements (try a mesh of rectangular elements with 6 divisions in the x direction and 2 divisions in the y direction). Apply the appropriate boundary conditions, and run the problem assuming plane stress.Instructions for Lab#2Using Hypermesh and ABAQUS for the analysis of a beam in bending.Figure 1. Main Window in Hypermesh. Circled is the command toolbar that allows the user to access sub menus.Getting Acquainted1) Fire up Hypermesh from the menu controls.2) Familiarize yourself with the command toolbar to your right. By clicking next to eachtitle as circled above, you will be brought to several sub-menus where you may perform a variety of tasks. Click on each and analyze each sub-menu.3) Identify commands that appear self-explanatory, such as file, automesh, nodes,lines, ect....4) Notice that the file command exists in every toolbar.5) Click on the file command. This is where you name the hypermesh files you wouldlike to save using a *.hm extension. Also, this is where importing and exporting occurs.6) Also notice the template command. This is where the solvers are invoked.Hypermesh has the capability of exporting mesh information for a variety of solvers.Keep in mind, Hypermesh is purely a mesh generator and the mesh information must be translated into the format of the desired solver to be used, therefore picking the correct solver from the template is a necessary step before continuing with any other stepsGeometryIn this exercise we will generate the geometry of a beam to be deformed by applying a tip point load and by fixing one end. After completion of the geometry generation, a 3-dimensional mesh of the beam will be created and a stress analysis on the beam will be performed.1) Like all mesh generators, in order to create a mesh, some geometry must exist.Generally nodes are required from which lines are created. Surfaces must be created from a set of lines that form a closed loop. It is those surfaces that will be meshed.2) Click on the “Geom” icon to your right and notice the various menus. In particular,notice the “nodes” icon. Clicking on that will allow to create several nodes in a variety of modes. For example, by co-ordinates (most popular one), on lines, ect..3) Once the nodes exist, one can create lines from those nodes by clicking on the“line” button. Note the options available for the different type of lines that can be created. Go ahead and create lines from the existing nodes.4) With the lines created, surfaces can be generated by clicking on the “surface edit”button and by selecting the filler surface option. Create a surface using all existing lines.5) At this point the geometry has been created and mesh generation should be thenext step.Mesh generationIn this phase of the exercise the geometry created above will be meshed. The first step will be to mesh the two-dimensional surface with 2-D elements. Two meshes will be generated, a biased mesh and regular mesh. Samples can be seen in the figures below. When that is done, the two meshes will be extruded to create the three-dimensional brick element meshes.Figure 2. A simple quad mesh with no biasing.Figure 3. A biased quad mesh focused toward one end.Creating a 2-D mesh.1) With all surfaces created, it is time to mesh.2) Prior to creating elements, the concept of “collectors” must be reviewed.Hypermesh has the ability to store groups of elements under different names called collectors. In this manner, it is possible to modify parts of a mesh on a group basis.We will practice using these collectors to store the two meshes that will be generated for the same part. In one collector we will store the elements for the mesh in figure 2 and in another collector we will store the mesh for figure 3. To create collectors, click on the “collectors” button and create the two collectors using two different names and two different colors.3) You can toggle between the two collectors by using the “global button” in the righthand bottom corner and selecting the collector you wish to work in. It is important that you know which collector is being used as default and changing it will be necessary as the meshing progresses. Further you may display the desired collectors by using the “display” command in the bottom right corner and by clicking and un-clicking on each collector that is available. With that done we may proceed to create the two meshes.4) Make sure you know which collector is currently set to default. To begin meshing,click on the 2D toolbar to your right.5) There are a variety of options available. We will use the automesh option.6) By clicking on automesh, several parameters are required as well as the necessityto select the surfaces one wants to mesh.7) Select the surface by clicking on each and supply a rough idea of the element sizeand element type you would like to use. Also make sure you are in the interactive mode.8) Once that is done, clicking the mesh button will generate a tentative idea of howyour mesh will look along the geometry borders. You may enhance your mesh by improving on the coarseness, adding bias, ect... By clicking on the number of divisions for each line you may increase that value using the left button or decrease that value using the right button. Similar things can be done if one wants to change the bias or other parameters.9) With that done, clicking on the mesh button will create the mesh. Accept the meshby clicking return or reject it by clicking reject.10) T he above steps must be repeated to create a biased mesh toward the fixedlocation. To do that repeat steps 3-8, but ensuring yourself that you are in the appropriate collector. Also, when the tentative divisions on the border of your surface appear, you can add bias by clicking on the bias button and giving positive or negative bias values.Note: Your part may consist of several surfaces and you may mesh them all at once or separately. You may also allocate each meshed portion to different collectors, so as to be able to have control over your model based on the different portions meshed.Creating a 3-D mesh.1) The next step involves extruding the mesh from its 2-D version, thus creating a 3-Dmesh.2) The first step is two create two additional collectors into which the two 3-D mesheswill be saved.3) With that done, click on the “3D” button and click on the drag button.4) The drag button allows the user to drag a set of 2-dimensional elements into 3-dimensional elements so long that a drag direction and distance are supplied, as well as the intended number of divisions to be created on the way.5) Select the elements to be dragged by component and define a drag direction anddistance. Supply the intended number of divisions. With that done, click on the drag button. Your 3-dimensional mesh will be created within the chosen collector.6) Do the same for the second 2-dimensional mesh and ensure that it is put in theappropriate collector.7) With that done, it will be necessary to delete the unnecessary 2-dimensionalmeshes. To do so press the F2 key and delete elements by component and select the two components to be deleted. Click on “delete” to approve deletion of the two selected components.Boundary conditionsOnce the mesh has been created, it is necessary to create the required boundary conditions. Boundary conditions can be created within Hypermesh for use in ABAQUS, however the complexity of the steps within Hypermesh, outweighs the ease of typing in boundary conditions within the ABAQUS file, provided that the appropriate node sets and element sets are available. This is what will be done in the next steps.1) We need two sets. A node sets for those nodes that will be fixed and a node set forthose nodes onto which the load will be applied.2) To do so, click on the BCs menu. There you will create entity sets. Entity sets issimply a manner to groups nodes or elements under one common name. In ABAQUS, boundary conditions can be applied to those sets.3) Click on entity sets and create a node set called “fixed”. Select the nodes on the leftend of the beam by using the window select. When done click on create. If the set is created, click on RESET.4) Change the name to “load” and select the nodes onto which the load will be appliedand click on create.5) This will be it!With the mesh completed you may now export your file using the ABAQUS template and saving the file under a *.inp extension. You can do this by clicking on file and then selecting the export command. MAKE SURE YOU ARE USING THE “ABAQUS STANDARD” TEMPLATE. Be careful here!NOTE: Remember you have two meshes on top of each other. Before you export each mesh as *.inp file, you must create to separate Hypermesh files. In each file save only the mesh you desire. This is done by deleting the unwanted mesh and saving under a different name. Deleting elements or nodes is accomplished using the F2 command. It is also a good idea to go ahead and renumber your mesh when you are ready to finalize it. Renumbering is accomplished by clicking on the tools icon and then clicking on the renumber button. Do this for each mesh. Now we are ready for ABAQUS.IN ABAQUSThe general ABAQUS file follows your typical format for any FEA solver. It contains nodal information and connectivity as well as element type information. At the end are the boundary conditions and the solution procedure. This can be observed below.Open the *.inp file that was created. It should look as follows:**** ABAQUS Input Deck Generated by HyperMesh Version3.0**** Template: ABAQUS/STANDARD***** THIS IS THE NODAL INFORMATION*NODE1, 0.0 , 2.221825 , -7.778174: : :: : :: : :9843, 6.7033386359838, 3.648821000031 , 0.0539689803571*** THIS IS THE ELEMENT INFORMATION. C3D8= 8 noded brick element.*ELEMENT,TYPE=C3D8,ELSET= threeD1, 1858, 1857, 1878, 1879, ………….: : :: : :: : :8470, 478, 522, 9807, 9774, ……….** SECTION DEFINITION: assign material and thickness if necessary for shells.*SOLID SECTION, ELSET= threeD, MATERIAL= ALUMINUM*** HERE ARE THE ENTITY SETS TO BE USED FOR THE B.C.’s*NSET, NSET= fixed1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8,9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16,*NSET, NSET= load448, 449, 450, 451, 452, 453, 454, 455,**** MATERIAL PROPERTIES*MATERIAL, NAME= MAT1*ELASTIC, TYPE = ISOTROPIC10000000.0,0.22,0.0********THIS IS WHAT YOU ADD MANUALLY LOAD STEP INFORMATION, BOUNDARY CONDITION INFORMATION, AND OUTPUT INFORMATION.******STEP*STATIC --- TYPE OF ANALYSYS*CLOAD --- TYPE OF LOADload,1,-1.0*BOUNDARY --- TYPE OF DISPLACEMENT BCfixed,1,3,0.0*EL FILE --- ELEMENT OUTPUT TO BE VIEWED IN HYPERMESHSINV*NODE FILE --- NODAL OUTPUT TO BE VIEWED IN HYPERMESHU*EL PRINT, ELSET=threeD --- ELEMENT OUTPUT TO BE LISTED IN DATA FILES11,S22,S33,S12,S13,S23E11,E22,E33,E12,E13,E23*NODE PRINT, NSET=fixed --- NODAL OUTPUT TO BE LISTED IN DATA FILEU,RF*END STEPWith this in mind, you should modify your file to include necessary analysis information and boundary conditions. When that is done, you can run your two ABAQUS filesVIEWING THE RESULTS IN HYPERMESH.Once the ABAQUS run is complete, you need to convert the *.fil into a hypermesh *.res file. Do this by using the hmabaqus command within your unix template. Now open Hypermesh.1) Retrieve one of the models and click on the global button.2) You will see a path for the results file. Enter the filename assigned above.3) Exit this menu and click on the POST icon and view your results by using thecontour button.Some contour plots of a beam in bending. You may create displacement contours, stress contours, ect…Figure 4. The displacement contour plot for a beam in bending.Figure 5. Von-Mises Stress Contour for a beam in bending.General Tips:1) When meshing a model in separate portions it is necessary to create a collector foreach portion and making sure one has selected the correct collector before meshing a surface so that those elements created are fed into the desired collector2) Also, one must always check for duplicate elements or nodes. This can be donewith appropriate commands in the tools toolbar available at your right. We will explore these commands in class.。

hypermesh与abaqus接口连接经典实例模型中考虑了材料、几何的非线性、接触和Tie连接，所有设置都在HM中完成，输出inp文件后可以直接在Abaqus中计算。

尤其注意在HM6.0中利用宏菜单中的Abaqus Contact Manager来定义接触、Tie连接等问题。

欢迎大家批评指正。

同时该算例仅仅是一个step的，如果哪位能将其扩展到多个step，还会给以积分奖励。

再加一些步骤说明：问题描述：如下图所示模型，模型整体分为三部分，黄色的tube、深蓝色的holder和浅蓝色的welded_part。

其中tube和holder部分属于接触，而holder和welded_part两部分的连接属于焊接，这里采用Abaqus中的Tie连接方式。

最后固定welded_part的一端，而在tube的一端施加一个扭矩，为了保证不发生刚体位移，在tube的另一端施加一个止推的约束。

定义ABAQUS模板：在Geom页面上选择user prof…，从弹出菜单中选择ABAQUS，然后选择Standard 3D。

为保证问题具有一般性，对上述模型划分的网格在连接的部分均保证网格不对齐，在宽度和圆周上均采用了不同的网格密度。

单元类型的设置：因为涉及接触问题，所以模型中的实体单元均采用Abaqus中的C3D8R减缩积分单元，单元类型的选择请参考Abaqus使用手册。

在HyperMesh中改变单元类型的步骤如下：1．在1D、2D和3D的任何一个页面中点击elem types。

2．选择2d&3d子面板，根据单元的结构选择单元类型，在这个例子中点击hex8，从弹出菜单中选择C3D8R。

3．选中要更新单元类型的单元，这里选择by collector(选择所有三个comps)。

4．点击update。

5．如果需要察看现有任意一个单元的类型，在永久菜单上点击card，将操作对象设为elem，选择单元后点击edit。

就可以看到单元的类型。

ABAQUS与Hypermesh接口流程本文分两种情况。

第一种：在HM中对几何模型全部建好网格，导入ABAQUS中分析。

第二种：在ABAQUS中已有的计算模型根底上，再导入网格部件重新整合进展分析。

第一种情况：1．在ABAQUS中建好几何模型〔如图1所示〕，如果是用其他造型软件建的模型也要先导入ABAQUS，然后对模型进展装配，为的是确定全局坐标系，在后续的操作中全局坐标系不要再改变。

图12．导出ACIS SAT文件，后缀名为.sat，如图2和图3所示。

图2 图33．翻开HM，注意设定user profiles为ABAQUS，如图4所示。

图44．导入几何模型，如图5所示。

图55．处理几何模型，例如：布尔运算，消除硬点等。

设置网格类型，画网格，将模型划分成数个网格部件。

如图6所示，几何模型被划分成了两个网格部件，根据仿真计算的需要也可对两个小块布尔求和，划分成一个网格部件。

一个网格部件就是一个网格节点相连的网格体，只含有网格节点、单元、集合信息。

图66．导出网格，文件格式为.inp，如图7所示。

图77．导入ABAQUS〔如图8，图9和图10所示〕，继续设置其他前处理。

图8 图9图10第二种情况：在已有的分析根底上添加网格部件1．首先，将需要划分网格的几何模型导入ABAQUS，进展装配，如图11所示。

该步骤为的是确定几何模型的全局坐标，方便后续的导入。

图112．导出该几何模型的.sat文件，导入HM划分网格，如图12所示。

图123．划分网格后，导出inp文件。

用记事本翻开导出的inp文件和原有分析模型的inp文件，将导出的inp文件中的一段网格单元信息粘贴进原分析模型的inp文件中，另存为一个inp文件，重新翻开该文件进展后续的处理。

说明：关于inp文件参考"ABAQUS有限元分析常见问题解答"第13章。

两个inp文件的融合方法，原已有计算模型的inp文件如下〔粗体显示的为需要添加的代码的格式〕：*Heading** Job name: 111 Model name: e*1** Generated by: Abaqus/CAE 6.9-1*Preprint, echo=NO, model=NO, history=NO, contact=NO**** PARTS***Part, name=PART-1*Node1, 20., -15., -10.2, 20., -13., -10.3, 20., -11., -10.4, 20., -9., -10.5, 20., -7., -10.……〔省略号表示省略的代码〕789, 1001, 835, 823, 1000, 1003, 836, 824, 1002790, 1003, 836, 824, 1002, 1005, 837, 825, 1004*End Part****** ASSEMBLY***Assembly, name=Assembly***Instance, name=PART-1-1, part=PART-1*End Instance**……导出的网格部件inp文件如下〔粗体为需要复制粘贴到原inp文件的容〕：****** Template: ABAQUS/STANDARD 3D***NODE1, 20.0 , -15.0 , -10.02, 20.0 , -13.0 , -10.03, 20.0 , -11.0 , -10.04, 20.0 , -9.0 , -10.05, 20.0 , -7.0 , -10.0……100, 80, 77, 143, 114, 84, 81, 144,117**HMASSEM 1 11 23**HMASSEM_ASSEM_ID 2 3 4**HMASSEM 2 11 body_0**HMASSEM 3 11 body_1**HMASSEM 4 11 body_2**HMASSEM_P_ID 3*****融合后的inp文件如下〔粗体为相对于原inp文件添加的容〕：*Heading** Job name: 111 Model name: e*1** Generated by: Abaqus/CAE 6.9-1*Preprint, echo=NO, model=NO, history=NO, contact=NO**** PARTS***Part, name=PART-2*Node1, 20.0 , -15.0 , -10.02, 20.0 , -13.0 , -10.03, 20.0 , -11.0 , -10.04, 20.0 , -9.0 , -10.05, 20.0 , -7.0 , -10.0……100, 80, 77, 143, 114, 84, 81, 144,117*End Part***Part, name=PART-1*Node1, 20., -15., -10.2, 20., -13., -10.3, 20., -11., -10.4, 20., -9., -10.5, 20., -7., -10.……789, 1001, 835, 823, 1000, 1003, 836, 824, 1002790, 1003, 836, 824, 1002, 1005, 837, 825, 1004*End Part****** ASSEMBLY***Assembly, name=Assembly***Instance, name=PART-2, part=PART-2*End Instance***Instance, name=PART-1-1, part=PART-1*End Instance**……整合的格式参照原inp文件中的代码，添加的容分两局部：〔1〕Part中的节点网格信息。

ABAQUS与Hypermesh接口流程本文分两种情况。

第一种：在HM中对几何模型全部建好网格，导入ABAQUS中分析。

第二种：在ABAQUS中已有的计算模型基础上，再导入网格部件重新整合进行分析。

第一种情况：1．在ABAQUS中建好几何模型（如图1所示），如果是用其他造型软件建的模型也要先导入ABAQUS，然后对模型进行装配，为的是确定全局坐标系，在后续的操作中全局坐标系不要再改变。

图12．导出ACIS SAT文件，后缀名为.sat，如图2和图3所示。

图2 图33．打开HM，注意设定user profiles为ABAQUS，如图4所示。

图44．导入几何模型，如图5所示。

图55．处理几何模型，例如：布尔运算，消除硬点等。

设置网格类型，画网格，将模型划分成数个网格部件。

如图6所示，几何模型被划分成了两个网格部件，根据仿真计算的需要也可对两个小块布尔求和，划分成一个网格部件。

一个网格部件就是一个网格节点相连的网格体，只含有网格节点、单元、集合信息。

图66．导出网格，文件格式为.inp，如图7所示。

图77．导入ABAQUS（如图8，图9和图10所示），继续设置其他前处理。

图8 图9图10第二种情况：在已有的分析基础上添加网格部件1．首先，将需要划分网格的几何模型导入ABAQUS，进行装配，如图11所示。

该步骤为的是确定几何模型的全局坐标，方便后续的导入。

图112．导出该几何模型的.sat文件，导入HM划分网格，如图12所示。

图123．划分网格后，导出inp文件。

用记事本打开导出的inp文件和原有分析模型的inp文件，将导出的inp文件中的一段网格单元信息粘贴进原分析模型的inp文件中，另存为一个inp文件，重新打开该文件进行后续的处理。

说明：关于inp文件参考《ABAQUS有限元分析常见问题解答》第13章。

两个inp文件的融合方法，原已有计算模型的inp文件如下（粗体显示的为需要添加的代码的格式）：*Heading** Job name: 111 Model name: ex1** Generated by: Abaqus/CAE 6.9-1*Preprint, echo=NO, model=NO, history=NO, contact=NO**** PARTS***Part, name=PART-1*Node1, 20., -15., -10.2, 20., -13., -10.3, 20., -11., -10.4, 20., -9., -10.5, 20., -7., -10.……（省略号表示省略的代码）789, 1001, 835, 823, 1000, 1003, 836, 824, 1002790, 1003, 836, 824, 1002, 1005, 837, 825, 1004*End Part****** ASSEMBL Y***Assembly, name=Assembly***Instance, name=PART-1-1, part=PART-1*End Instance**……导出的网格部件inp文件如下（粗体为需要复制粘贴到原inp文件的内容）：**** ABAQUS Input Deck Generated by HyperMesh Version : 11.0.0.39** Generated using HyperMesh-Abaqus Template Version : 11.0.0.39**** Template: ABAQUS/STANDARD 3D***NODE1, 20.0 , -15.0 , -10.02, 20.0 , -13.0 , -10.03, 20.0 , -11.0 , -10.04, 20.0 , -9.0 , -10.05, 20.0 , -7.0 , -10.0……100, 80, 77, 143, 114, 84, 81, 144,117**HMASSEM 1 11 23**HMASSEM_ASSEM_ID 2 3 4**HMASSEM 2 11 body_0**HMASSEM 3 11 body_1**HMASSEM 4 11 body_2**HMASSEM_COMP_ID 3*****融合后的inp文件如下（粗体为相对于原inp文件添加的内容）：*Heading** Job name: 111 Model name: ex1** Generated by: Abaqus/CAE 6.9-1*Preprint, echo=NO, model=NO, history=NO, contact=NO**** PARTS***Part, name=PART-2*Node1, 20.0 , -15.0 , -10.02, 20.0 , -13.0 , -10.03, 20.0 , -11.0 , -10.04, 20.0 , -9.0 , -10.05, 20.0 , -7.0 , -10.0……100, 80, 77, 143, 114, 84, 81, 144,117*End Part***Part, name=PART-1*Node1, 20., -15., -10.2, 20., -13., -10.3, 20., -11., -10.4, 20., -9., -10.5, 20., -7., -10.……789, 1001, 835, 823, 1000, 1003, 836, 824, 1002790, 1003, 836, 824, 1002, 1005, 837, 825, 1004*End Part****** ASSEMBL Y***Assembly, name=Assembly***Instance, name=PART-2, part=PART-2*End Instance***Instance, name=PART-1-1, part=PART-1*End Instance**……整合的格式参照原inp文件中的代码，添加的内容分两部分：（1）Part中的节点网格信息。

新手在使用hypermesh与abaqus接口问题的过程中，或多或少都会出现一些问题，本贴搜罗了大部分论坛以前关于此方面的问题，再加上笔者在学习过程中的一些心得体会，希望能给很多朋友带来帮助，更希望SIMWE论坛能越来越好。

笔者认为要能够处理好两个软件的接口问题，必须对两个软件都有一定的了解。

论坛上很多问题都是由于初学者对软件某个局部操作出现问题，导致导出模型出错，这些操作上的问题笔者觉得可以通过看一些高手的做的模型例子或视频来不断提高。

本篇可能不涉及太多这方面的问题。

为了使读者能够最快捷的学习，笔者从原来论坛的问题中只搜索一些精华和常见的问题，版权归SIMWE广大斑竹和热心提问、回答者。

本篇没有采用连接网页方式，这样不利于下载，笔者辛苦一点，将其归于WORD文档，方便大家下载，离线学习。

（接口问题相较于其他版块，问题相对较小，所以也便于此种方法）有限元分析的步骤：一般来说，步骤是：前处理（3D软件至HM）：几何建模——模型处理——网格划分——材料属性单元类型边界约束；求解器：ABA；后处理：HM OR ABA。

（本文仅对HM，ABA讨论，其实软件很多的）在HM中加载ABA模板：HM中提供了跟很多软件的接口模块，与软件之间实现互通，由于各软件之间在划分网格，约束、加载过程都有些差异，所以各模块都有些差别，正确选择模板是成功实现软件对接的第一步。

在HM中处理好网格模型后可以使用中性文件导入ABAQUS，常用的是INP格式。

常见问题：如果没有采用ABA user profile，很多对应的单元类型，材料属性可能不能与ABA对应起来，导入至ABA会出现很多错误或警告。

几何模型处理、网格划分:几何模型处理、网格划分相关问题，请读者到相应的版块去看，如果导入ABA，出现网格划分失败的问题，最好检查一下HM中的网格模型，划分好网格才是计算中关键的一步。

定义单元类型，材料属性：不是所有的类型HM和ABA都能同时识别的，例如ABA只支持SPRING1而不支持SPRING2。

HyperMesh与AbaqusExplicit接⼝实例Altair HyperMesh与Abaqus Explicit接⼝实例模拟⽅盒跌落过程【作者formyjoy】教程: HyperMesh与Abaqus/Explicit的接⼝应⽤—— 模拟⽅盒跌落过程⼀．问题描述模型⽂件：box_dropdown_test.hm(模型见附件)⽬标：模拟内部装有1000kg重物的盒⼦在初始速度和重⼒作⽤下跌落到具有突起的刚性地⾯上的过程。

采⽤单位：质量 kg时间 ms长度 mm分析⼿段：前处理⼯作在HyperMesh7.0sp1中完成，运算提交采⽤Abaqus6.5-1，后处理采⽤HyperView7.0sp1。

⼆．有限元建模步骤1.打开HyperMesh。

2.在Tool页⾯下选择User Profile⾯板中选择Abaqus/explicit模板。

3.在files⾯板下hm file⼦⾯板中打开box_dropdown_test.hm⽂件。

4.建⽴材料。

进⼊collector⾯板，选择create⼦⾯板，将操作对象设为mats。

为材料起名为Q235,在card image中选择ABAQUS_MATERIAL，点击create/edit。

在本例中，我们要将⽅盒的材料设为Q235钢，对其⾮线性属性采⽤理想弹塑性。

屈服极限为235Mpa。

下图为材料编辑的界⾯5.在card image中激活Density、Elastic和Plastic三个选项，并在Density中输⼊数值7.9E-6，设定弹性模量E为210，泊松⽐Nu为0.3。

6.将PLASTICDATACARD设为1，输⼊屈服应⼒0.235(Gpa)，相应的塑性应变设为0.0。

点击return 退出材料编辑。

7.在collector/update⼦⾯板中设定操作对象为comp，选择名为box的component，并选择材料Q235，点击update。

在下⼀级菜单中选择material id，点击update。

近段时间一直在研究使用SPH模拟油箱流固耦合情况下，油箱的振动强度问题。

发现使用Hypermesh对SPH模型进行前处理比手工编写INP文件更方便一些。

因为ABAQUS/CAE不支持SPH建模，需要手工编写INP文件，所以在处理此类模型时，需要工程师比较熟悉ABAQUS的关键字编写规则，这无形中加大了ABAQUS模型处理的难度。

尽管目前Hypermesh也不支持SPH功能，但是利用Hypermesh强大的前处理能力，只需要对输出的INP文件中稍作修改，即可得到SPH模型。

这种方法为我们处理SPH模型提供了另一种便捷的可行方案。

本教程将以一矩形箱体为例，说明SPH建模在HM中的实现过程。

导入油箱和水的模型如图1所示。

蓝色矩形为油箱，黄色矩形为液体。

液体体积约为油箱体积的一半。

图1 几何模型1、油箱划分为S4R单元，如图2所示。

图2 油箱网格划分2、液体划分为实体单元，如图3所示。

图3 液体网格划分3、生成MASS单元（1）创建新component，命名为water，如图4所示。

图4 component创建面板（2）利用图3液体网格的节点，生成MASS单元，确认其放置在名为water 的component中，如图5~图7所示图5 mass面板图6 生成mass单元图7 放置在water中的MASS单元4、创建材料和属性（1）油箱材料为steel，属性为shell section，厚度为1.0mm。

（2）为water创建材料状态方程，并将材料赋予随后创建的实体截面属性。

图8 进入创建材料面板图9 勾选密度项图10 勾选关键字项图11 液体的材料属性参数图12 为液体创建实体截面属性4、创建相关的接触和分析步后，隐藏图3所示的液体实体单元，导出INP文件，如图13、14所示。

图13 隐藏water_C3D8R图14 以displayed 方式导出INP文件5、打开INP文件，将MASS更改为PC3D，保存，如图15所示。

HyperMesh+Abaqus联合仿真方法
考虑到HM的Abaqus模板中StepManager与ContactManager操作的复杂性，以及该模板对某些Abaqus版本可能不适用，本方法用inp文件作为HM 生成的FE模型转入Abaqus的中介，HM仅负责网格划分，其他前处理工作，如装配、定义材料属性、建立载荷步、定义接触面、施加载荷和边界条件等，均在Abaqus中完成。

具体方法是：
1.HM中
a)加载AbaqusStandard 3D模板；
b)为每个Part建立2D与3D两个Collector，例如有两个零件，就要建四个Collector。

c)根据草绘图布置关键点【Geom=>createnodes=>type in】，各个部件的相对位置已体现在了在草绘图中；
d)连接这些点生成二维截面【Geom=>lines=>createline】；
e)在二维截面上划网格，例如用【2D=>spline】，生成的Element与上步生成的几何体都放入该零件的2D Collector中；
f)根据二维网格生成三维Element，例如用【3D=>spin】，生成的Element放入该零件的3D Collector中；
g)重复以上步骤为每个零件生成三维单元，并放入相应的Collector中；
h)将每个零件的Element导出为inp文件【files=>export】；
2.Abaqus中
a)用import=>model导入part1.inp和part2.inp，用model=>copy object将这些inp中的mesh part分别拷贝到一个model中；
b)完成后续处理并求解。

内容整理自网络。

在HYPERMESH中使用Abaqus（Standard3D）模板计算带接触的静态一、导入三维模型模型清理薄板件采用壳单元&铸件采用体单元说明：体单元做法A做法很多：、B介绍tetramesh：●要先将每个面进行2d网格划分，形成封闭网格，才能选择这个部件进行“tetra mesh”。

可以用三角网格。

●Volume tetra：必须将部件进行切割成很多Mappable块，画出来为6面体单元。

●对于关注件采用2阶单元：采用进行阶次转换。

二、创建材料三、创建属性Type=line/planar/nodal/solid…四、创建接触（若有）●Analysis->Interface下创建主面、从面、接触对；●给主面、从面add elements\surface_node\csurf等。

其中csuf可以通过Analysis->contactsurfs 创建。

●Contact pair与Contact Pair property的设置参考如下：说明：Adjust 用来调整初始间距；SurfaceBehavior中的Exponential用来指定初始接触压力，方便收敛，如下图示用梁单元模拟螺栓时，单个螺栓的梁单元要超过3个单元数●Utility->Contact Manager 的interface 界面下：”new”-“pre tension section”,选择梁单元中间的某个单元，输入预紧力大小，”create”-“apply”-“OK”六、载荷与边界●转矩：analysis->moments●重力：Utility->Stepmanager->”new”/”edit” loadstep在“Distributed Loads”下创建重力，在右侧窗口“Define”界面，“Type”选“gravity”,然后定义“Define Dload on”“Element sets”（即重力作用在哪些单元上，可以将要加重力的单元添加到一个单元集里，也可以选all components）；在“magnitude”列输入重力值，在“comp1”“comp2”“comp3”对应XYZ的三个方向放大系数；●其他力与约束：…省略…七、创建载荷步●上图就是载荷步的界面。

Hypermesh to abaqus surface研究两个PART分别是vol1和vol2，要做的任务就是在hypermesh 中完成abaqus中surface的建立过程。

首先，在hypermesh中划分好体网格，删除所有的2D网格，接下来就开始我们的主要任务。

在开始前先说几点，有好多朋友针对此问题提出过好多种方法，先简单概括一下：好多网友说在hypermesh中利用find face找到2D网格，之后基于2D网格建立set，导入到abaqus中，其中这种方法经过个人验证是行不通的，在abaqus中识别不出^face的compoent。

还有网格提出说在hypermesh分配好属性，施加载荷之后再导入anbqus中，我试验了一下也不行，大家也可以试试~~下面开始谈谈我的方法：建立好网格之后，我们把面板切换到analisys→interfaces，在name输入要建立surface的名字surf1,在type中选择SURFACE_ELEMENT,点创建。

生成一个group组集，下面包含一个空的surf1，下面为surf1添加单元。

面板设置如下图。

添加单元后vol1显示如下：按照上面的过程在vol2上建立surf2，如下图：Surf1Surf2接下来我们把vol1和vol2分别输出成两个INP文件。

找到下图中的窗口，并设置如下输出vol1.inp（注意：如果不这样设置导入abaqus报错）同理输出vol2.inp这样就生成好了两个inp文件，至此，完成了在hypermesh中的所有操作。

下面说下重点的问题，如果你的模型只有单PART，上面的操作完成后已经解决了本文的问题。

但是如果的你模型含有多个PART，导入到abaqus中会出一些问题，别着急咱们慢慢说，对于多PART我们一般有两个办法导入abaqus，一是在hypermesh中输出一个INP文件到abaqus中，由于在abaqus只生成一个PART，所以采用part copy 来实现PART的分解，如下图：但是如果采用了这个操作后我们会发现，新生成的多个PART中不包含有任何surf信息了，说明在操作的过程中我们之前在hypermesh 的设置已经丢失了，而且这个操作会丢失很多装配和其他的信息，所以我推荐如果在零件比较少的时候，可以分别生成多个PART分别到入abaqus中不会丢失装配关系。

焊接ABAQUS建模实例一、网格的建立或导入在定义材料属性时，往往要根据单元的集合来定义，这些集合首先需要在part中定义。

当采用hypermesh来划分网格时，在hypermesh中定义的SET只存在于assembly中，而在part中没有，因此需要重新在part中定义这些集合，通常情况下可以通过修改inp文件来实现，具体操作步骤如下：1.导入hypermesh所生成的inp文件，具体操作为：File——import——models，出现Import models 对话框，File filter选择*.inp，然后选择所要导入的inp文件。

2. 建立新的job，重新生成inp文件，具体操作如下：在analysis模型树中，右击job——create，输入新的job名称，例如weld，点击continue，然后点击ok。

单击模型树job前的+，会出现刚才生成的weld，右键job，选择write input，就会在文件夹中生成新的inp文件。

3. 选用记事本或者写字板打开刚才生成的weld.inp文件，选择你需定义的材料单元集合，将它们复制到*end part之前，并删除后面的instance=part-1-1，保存。

4.重新用abaqus打开刚才修改后的inp文件，就可以进行后续的建模和分析了。

二、材料的定义材料的定义分为两个过程，首先定义材料性能参数，然后将这些材料性能参数赋予给具体的单元。

1.材料参数的定义。

右击material——create，出现edit material对话框，输入材料的名称，例如weld、base 、haz。

焊接过程需要定义的材料参数主要有density、elastic、plastic、expansion、conductivity、specific heat 、latent heat。

下面以elasticity为例作一个简单的介绍，单击对话框的mechanical——elasticity——elastic，会出现如下的对话框如果材料性能是温度的函数，把use temperature-dependent data 前的框选上。

模型中考虑了材料、几何的非线性、接触和Tie连接，所有设置都在HM中完成，输出inp 文件后可以直接在Abaqus中计算。

尤其注意在HM6.0中利用宏菜单中的Abaqus Contact Manager来定义接触、Tie连接等问题。

欢迎大家批评指正。

同时该算例仅仅是一个step的，如果哪位能将其扩展到多个step，还会给以积分奖励。

再加一些步骤说明：问题描述：如下图所示模型，模型整体分为三部分，黄色的tube、深蓝色的holder和浅蓝色的welded_part。

其中tube和holder部分属于接触，而holder和welded_part两部分的连接属于焊接，这里采用Abaqus中的Tie连接方式。

最后固定welded_part的一端，而在tube的一端施加一个扭矩，为了保证不发生刚体位移，在tube的另一端施加一个止推的约束。

定义ABAQUS模板：在Geom页面上选择user prof…，从弹出菜单中选择ABAQUS，然后选择Standard 3D。

为保证问题具有一般性，对上述模型划分的网格在连接的部分均保证网格不对齐，在宽度和圆周上均采用了不同的网格密度。

单元类型的设置：因为涉及接触问题，所以模型中的实体单元均采用Abaqus中的C3D8R减缩积分单元，单元类型的选择请参考Abaqus使用手册。

在HyperMesh中改变单元类型的步骤如下：1．  在1D、2D和3D的任何一个页面中点击elem types。

2．  选择2d&3d子面板，根据单元的结构选择单元类型，在这个例子中点击hex8，从弹出菜单中选择C3D8R。

3．  选中要更新单元类型的单元，这里选择by collector(选择所有三个comps)。

4．  点击update。

5．  如果需要察看现有任意一个单元的类型，在永久菜单上点击card，将操作对象设为elem，选择单元后点击edit。

Hypermesh和Abaqus的接口分析实例Hypermesh和Abaqus的接口分析实例(三维接触分析)In this tutorial, you will learn how to:, Load the Abaqus user profile and model, Define the material and properties and assign them to a component , View the *SOLID SECTION for solid elements, Define the *SPRING properties and create a component collector for it , Create the *SPRING1 element, Assign a property to the selected elementsStep 1: Load the Abaqus user profile and modelA set of standard user profiles is included in the HyperMesh installation. They include: RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format), RADIOSS (Block Format), Abaqus, Actran, ANSYS, LS-DYNA, MADYMO, Nastran, PAM-CRASH, PERMAS, and CFD. When the user profile is loaded, applicable utility menu are loaded, unused panels are removed, unneeded entities are disabled in the find, mask, card and reorder panels and specific adaptations relatedto the Abaqus solver are made.1. From the Preferences drop down menu, click User Profiles....2. Select Abaqus as the profile name.3. Select Standard3D and click OK.From the File drop down menu, select Open… or click the Open .hmfile icon. 4.5. Select the abaqus3_0tutorial.hm file.6. Click Open.Step 2: Define the material propertiesHyperMesh supports many different material models for Abaqus. Inthis example, you will create the basic *ELASTIC material model with no temperature variation. The material will then be assigned to the property, which is assigned to a component collector.Follow the steps below to create the *ELASTIC material model card: 1. From the Materials drop down menu, select Create.2. Click mat name = and enter STEEL.3. Click type= and select MATERIAL.4. Click card image = and choose ABAQUS_MATERIAL.5. Click create/edit. The card image for the new material opens.6. In the card image, select Elastic in the option list.By default, the selected type is ISOTROPIC. If not, click the switch and select 7. ISOTROPIC.By default, the ELASTICDATACARDS= field value is 1. If not, input 1to set the 8. number of datalines.9. Click the field beneath E(1) and enter 2.1E5.10.Click the field beneath NU(1) and enter 0.3.11.Click return to accept the changes to the card image.12.Click return to exit the panel.Step 3: Define the *SOLID SECTION properties1. From the drop down menu, select . PropertiesCreate2. Click and enter Solid_Prop. prop name=3. Choose a color for the property.Click on and set it to This ensures that sections pertainingtype=SOLID SECTION.only to solid elements are available as card image options. Alternatively, the4. type = field can be set to ALL ensuring that all available card images are listed.5. Click on card image= and select SOLIDSECTION.6. Click material= and select STEEL.7. Click create.8. Click return to exit the panel.Step 4: Assign the property to the componentBecause the material is assigned to the property, when you assign the property toa component, the material is automatically assigned as well. 1. From the Collectors drop down menu, select Edit and select Components.2. Click the yellow comps button and select INDENTOR and BEAM from the list.3. Click select.4. If necessary, click the toggle to switch <property blank> to property= .5. Double-click property= and select the Solid_Prop.Notice that the card image= and material= are already set from the Solid_Prop property.6. Click update.7. Click return to exit the panel.Step 5: View the *SOLID SECTION for solid elements HyperMesh supports sectional properties for all elements from the property collector.Complete the steps below to view the *SOLID SECTION card for an existing component:1. From the Properties drop down menu, select Card Edit.2. Click props and select Solid_Prop from the list of property collectors.3. Click select to finish the selection process.4. Click edit to view the *SOLID SECTION property card image.5. Click return to finish the viewing process.6. Click return to exit the panel.Step 6: Define the *SPRING propertiesIn Abaqus contact problems, it is common to use weakly grounded springs to providestability to the solution in the first loading step. This section explains how tocreate these springs and how to create the *SPRING card. Complete the steps below to create the *SPRING card: 1. From the Properties drop down menu, select Create.2. Click prop name= and type in Spring_Prop.3. Choose a color for the property collector.Click on type= and set it to LINE SECTION. This ensures that sections pertainingonly to 1D elements are available as card image options. Alternatively, the type4. = field can be set to ALL ensuring that all available card images are listed.5. Click on card image= and select SPRING.6. Click material= and select STEEL.7. Click create/edit.8. In the dof1 field, enter 3.The dof2 field in the *SPRING card is ignored by Abaqus for SPRING1 elements.9. In the Stiffness field, enter 1.0E-5.10. Click return to accept the changes to the card image.11.Click return to exit the panel.Step 7: Create a component collector for the *SPRING property 1. From the drop down menu, select and select . CollectorsCreateComponents2. Click and type in GROUNDED. comp name=3. Choose a color for the property collector.4. If necessary, click the toggle to switch <property blank> to property= .5. Double-click property= and select the Spring_Prop.Notice that the card image = and material = are already set from the Spring_Propproperty.6. Click create.7. Click return to exit the panel.To reset the view for further processing:Click the isometric view icon . 1.Step 8: Create the SPRING1 element1. From the Mesh drop down menu, select Assign and select Element Type.2. In the 1D sub-panel, click mass = and select SPRING1.In HyperMesh, grounded elements are created and stored as mass elements since theyonly have one node in the element connectivity. 3. Click return to exit the panel.On the status bar at the bottom of the window, the name of the current component4. is displayed. Click on that name.5. Select GROUNDED from the list of component collectors that appears.As the spring elements are created, they will be placed in this component.6. From the Mesh drop down menu, select Create and select Masses.7. Click nodes and select by id from the pop-up menu.8. In the id = field, enter 451t460b3 and click Enter on the keyboard.This shorthand selects all of the nodes from 451 to 460 in increments of 3.9. Click create.10.Click return to exit the panel.定义接触面和相互作用Step 9: Start the Contact Manager1. From the Utility menu, click the Contact Manager button.The Abaqus Contact Manager dialog opens. Step 10: Create the "Indentor-top" surface 1. Select the Surface tab in the Abaqus Contact Manager dialog.2. Click the New… button.The Create New Surface dialog opens.3. In the Name: field, enter indentor-top.4. Select Element based as the type of surface.5. Click Color and select a color.6. Click Create….The Element Based Surface dialog opens for defining elements and corresponding faces for the surface.In the Model Browser, expand the Components folder to display all the contents. 7. Right-click on indentor and select Isolate.Click the user views icon and select top. 8.9. In the Element Based Surface dialog, select the Define tab.10.In the Define surface for: list, select 3D solid, gasket.11.Click the Elements button.This opens the element selector panel.12.Click the elems button.13.Select by collector.14.Check the indentor component and click select.You will see the elements in indentor component highlighted.15.Click proceed to return to the Element Based Surface dialog.16.S elect Solid skin option from the Select faces by: radio buttons.17.Select a color from the Solid skin color: button.18.Click the Faces button.This creates a temporary skin of the selected elements and opens the element selector panel.19. Select an element from the top of the solid skin.20.Click the elems button and select by face.You will see all faces at the top of the solid skin are highlighted. 21.Rotate the model in HyperMesh interface to verify all desired facesare selected.You can deselect any element (by right clicking) or add more if you like.When you are satisfied with the element faces selected, clickproceed to return 22.to the Element Based Surface dialog.23.Click the Add button to add these faces to the current sur face.This creates special "face" elements (rectangles with dot in the middle) for display.You can reject the recently added "faces" by clicking the Reject button. You can alsodelete "faces" from the Delete Face page.When satisfied with the surface definition, click Close to return to the Abaqus 24. dialog. Contact ManagerStep 11: Create the "Beam-bot" surfaceSelect the Surface tab in the Abaqus Contact Manager dialog andclick the Display1. None button to undisplay all surfaces.2. Click the New… button.This opens the Create New Surface dialog. 3. In the Name: field, enter cylinder-top.4. Select Element based as the type of surface.5. Click the Color: button and select a color.6. Click Create….The Element Based Surface dialog opens for defining elements and corresponding facesfor the surface.In the Model Browser, expand the Components folder to display all the contents.7. Right-click on Beam and select Isolate.8. In the Element Based Surface dialog, select the Define tab.9. In the Define surface for: list, select 3D solid, gasket.10.Click the Elements button.This opens the element selector panel. 11.Click the elems button, select by collector, check Beam component and click select. This highlights the elements in Beam component. 12.Click proceed to return to the Element Based Surface dialog.13.Select Solid skin from the Select faces by: radio buttons.14.Select a color from the Solid skin color: button.15.Click the Faces button.This creates a temporary skin of the selected elements and opens the element selector panel.16.Select an element from the solid skin, click the elems button, and select by face.You will see faces all around the solid skin are highlighted.Rotate the model in the HyperMesh interface to verify all desired faces are17.selected.You can deselect any element (by right clicking) or add more if you like.When you are satisfied with the element faces selected, click proceed to return 18.to the Element Based Surface dialog.19.Click the Add button to add these faces to the current surface.This creates special "face" elements (rectangles with dot at the middle) for display. You can reject the recently added "faces" by clicking the Reject button. You can also delete "faces" from the Delete Face page.When satisfied with the surface definition, click Close to return to the Abaqus20. dialog. Contact ManagerStep 12: Define the surface interaction propertyIn this exercise, you will define the *SURFACE INTERACTION card with corresponding *FRICTION card.Complete the steps below to create the "friction1" surface interaction: 1. Select the Surface Interaction tab at the Abaqus Contact Manager dialog.2. Click the New… butt on.This opens the Create New Surface Interaction dialog.3. In the Name: field, enter friction1.4. Click the Create… button.The Surface Interaction dialog opens.5. Select the Define tab.6. Select Friction option as surface interaction property.That makes the Friction tab active.7. Select the Friction tab.8. Select the Friction type: as Default and click the Direct option.Selecting this option means that the exponential decay and Anisotropic parameters will not be written to the input file.9. In the No of data lines field, enter 1 and click set.A single row appears in the Direct table.10.Click the first cell on the Friction Coeff column and enter 0.05.For Direct and Anisotropic tables:The column numbers in the table will change with the No of Dependencies selected.The row numbers can be defined at the No of data lines entry box. Clicking thecorresponding Set button will update the table to have the specified number of • rows.For placing values in the table, click a cell to make it active and type in the • values. The table works like a regular spreadsheet.You can also read comma-delimited data from a text file by clicking the Read Froma File button. This button opens up a file browser window. Selectthe file andclick Open to export the comma-delimited data. The row number willbe set to the • number of data lines found in the file.Right-clicking in the table shows a pull down menu with copy, cutand paste options.Comma-separated data can be copied/cut into or pasted from clipboard with theseoptions. Relevant hot keys (for example, Ctrl-c, Ctrl-x and Ctrl-vin Windows) • will also work.Clicking the left mouse button in a cell activates that cell.Clicking into an • already active cell moves the insertion cursor to t he character nearest the mouse.• Moving the mouse while the left mouse button is pressed highlights a selected area.• The left, right, up and down arrows moves the active cell.• Shift-<arrow> extends the selection in that direction.• Ctrl-left arrow and Ctrl –right arrow move the insertion cursor within the cell.• Ctrl -slash selects all the cells.Back space deletes the character before the insertion cursor in the active cell. • If multiple cells are selected, Back space deletes all selected cells.Delete deletes the character after the insertion cursor in theactive cell. If • multiple cells are selected, Delete deletes all selected cells.Ctrl -a moves the insertion cursor to the beginning of the active cell. Ctrl-e • moves the insertion curs or to the end of the active cell.Ctrl –minus (-) and Ctrl –equal (=) decrease and increase thewidth of the column • with the active cell in it.To interactively resize a row or column, move the mouse over the border while • Button-1 or Button-3 (the right button on Windows) is pressed.11.Click OK to return to the Abaqus Contact Manager dialog.Step 13: Create the "Beam-Indentor" contact pair1. Go to the Interface tab of the Abaqus Contact Manager dialog.2. Click the New… button.This opens the Create New Interface dialog.3. In the Name: field, enter Beam-indentor.4. Select Contact pair as the type of interface.5. Click the Create… button.The Contact Pair window opens.6. Select the Define tab.7. Click the Surface: pull down menu to show a list of the existing surfaces.Select indentor from the list and click the Slave>> button toidentify it as the8. slave surface and move it into the table.9. Click the corresponding Review button.The selected surface is highlighted in red. If the surface isdefined with sets (display option disabled), the underlying elements are highlighted. Right-click on Review to clear the highlighting.The corresponding New button opens the Create New Surface dialog for creating a new surface. When you are done creating and defining thesurface, the Contact Pair window returns with the new surface selected as the slave surface.Repeat steps 7 and 8, selecting Beam and clicking the Master>>button to identify10. it as the master surface.Note: To more clearly see the surfaces available for selection,click the icon.This opens an enhanced browser where you can easily search for the appropriate item. You can also click the Filter button to filter the items displayed.Click the Interaction: drop down list to see a list of the existing surface 11.interactions.Note: To more clearly see the interactions available for selection, click the icon. This opens an enhanced browser where you can easily search for the appropriate item. You can also click the Filter button to filter the items displayed.12. Select friction1 from the list as the interaction property for the current contactpair.13.Selec t the Parameter tab.14.Select SmallSliding from the available options.15. Click OK to return to the Abaqus Contact Manager dialog.16 Click close to the Abaqus Contact Manager dialog.创建载荷和边界条件Step 14: Define a *STEP card and specify *STATIC as the analysis procedureIn this exercise, you will create a *STEP card with the *STATIC analysis procedure.1. On the Utility tab, click Step Manager.The Step Manager dialog is displayed.2. Click New…3. In the Name: text box enter step1.4. Click Create to create the step.This creates a step called step1 and opens the Load Step edit dialog.5. From the tree on the left side of the window, select Title.The Step heading: option with a disabled field is displayed. 6. Activate the Step heading: check box and enter 100kN load in the text box.7. Click Update to store the heading information into step1.8. From the tree, select Parameter.Activate the Name and Perturbation check boxes, and click Update. Notice that 9. name is already set to step1.10.From the tree, select Analysis procedure.11.For Analysis type:, select static and click Update.In this exercise, you created a step (*STEP) called step1 andspecified *STATICas the analysis procedure.12.To add a dataline, go to the Dataline tab and enable Optional dataline.To add individual data, such as Initial increment, enable the appropriate fieldand enter a value. If one entry field is not enabled, a space willbe added in 13.the ASCII file, and the Abaqus solver uses the default value.Next, you will define the loads and boundary conditions. Step 15: Create constraints (*BOUNDARY)1. From the tree, select Boundary.2. Click New… and enter loads_and_constraints in the Name: text box.3. Click Create to create the load collector.Optionally, click the button in the Display column and select acolor for the load4. collector.Make sure the Status check box for loads_and_constraints is checked. By selecting5. this check box, you are adding this load collector into the loadstep.6. Click the loads_and_constraints load collector in the table.A set of new tabs is displayed on the right.7. From the Define tab, keep Type: set to default (disp).8. Click the Define from ‘Constraints’ button. panelThis takes you to the Constraints panel in HyperMesh. Use this panel to createconstraints.Step 16: Create constraints from the Constraints panel 1. On the toolbar, click the user views icon and select right.2. Click the yellow nodes button and select by sets.3. select ENDS then Click select buttom.4. Activate dof1, dof2, dof3, unactivate dof4, dof5, dof6.5. Click create.HyperMesh creates constraints at the nodes you selected. 6. Click return.You are returned to the Step Manager Load Step dialog.Look at the Load type: line at the bottom of the Step Manager dialog. Notice thatBc (short for BOUNDARY) appears on this line, identifying it as aload type createdin the load_and_constraints load collector. The corresponding load type on the 7. tree is also highlighted.Step 17: Create Forces (*CLOAD)1. From the tree, double-click Concentrated loads.2. Select CLOAD-Force from the expanded options under Concentrated loads.3. Click New… and enter 100KN_loaded in the Name: text box.4. Click Create to create the load collector.Optionally, click the button in the Display column and select a color for the load5. collector.6. Make sure the Status check box for 100KN_loaded is checked. By selecting this checkbox, you are adding this load collector into the loadstep.7. Click the 100KN_loaded load collector in the table.A new set of tabs is displayed.8. From the Define tab, define CLOAD_Force on: Nodes or geometry.9. From Define tab, click Define from ‘Forces’ Panel.The HyperMesh Forces panel is displayed. Use this panel to create forces.Step 18: Create forces from the Forces panel 1. From the graphics area, click the central node on the front side of the indentor.2. In the magnitude: text box, enter –100 kN.3. Click the switch next to N1, N2, N3 and select Y-axis.4. Click create.5. Click return.You are returned to the Step Manager Load Step dialog.Notice that Cload-f is now added to the Load type: line, indicating CLOAD-forceas another load type created in the loads_and_constraints load collector. The 6. corresponding load types on the tree are also highlighted.7. From the Load Step dialog, left-click Review.The constraints and forces that belong to the loads_and_constraints load collectorare highlighted.8. Right-click Review.The highlighted constraints and forces revert back to the load collector color.Steps 19-20: Define Output Requests(定义输出)In this exercise, you will specify several output requests for step1. There are two methods for defining output request described below. Step 19: Request ODB file outputs1. From the tree, double-click Output request.2. Select ODB file from the expanded options under Output request.3. Click New… and enter step1 output in the Name: text box.4. Click Create.5. Click step1 output (which you just created).A new set of tabs is displayed on the right.6. From the Output tab, activate the Output check box. Leave Output set to field.7. Activate the Node output and Element output options.The Node Output and Element Output tabs are activated. 8. Click the Node Output tab.9. Click Displacement and activate the U check box.U is added to the data line on the right. You are now requesting displacement resultsin the ODB file.Note: You can manually type in an output request into this table, including unsupported requests. They will be written out as entered in the table. 10. Click Update.11.Click the Element Output tab.12.Activa te the Position check box and set it to Nodes.13.Click Stress and activate the S check box.S is added to the data line on the right. You are now requesting stress results inthe ODB file.14.Click Update.Step 20: Request results file (.fil) outputs1. From the tree, under Output request, select Result file (.fil).2. From the Define tab, activate the Node file and Element file check boxes.The Node File and Element File tabs are activated.From the Node File tab, in the lower left area, expand Displacement and activate 3. U.U is added to the data line on the right. You are now requesting displacement resultsin the .fil file.4. Click UpdateFrom the Element File tab, activate the Position check box and set it to averaged 5. at nodes.6. In the lower left area, double-click Stress and activate S.S is added to the data line on the right. You are now requesting stress results in the .fil file.7. Click Update.8. Click Review.A text-editor showing the output requests you made is displayed. This is the format used in the Abaqus input file (.inp).9. Click Close on the text-editor window.10. Click Close.The Load Step edit dialog of Step Manager closes and you are returned to the main Step Manager dialog. The main Step Manager dialog displays step1 information as wedefined in previous exercises.11.Click Close to exit the Step Manager dialog .Steps 21-22: Export the database to an Abaqus input fileThe data currently stored in the database must be output to an Abaqus .inp file for use with the Abaqus solver. The .inp file can then be used to perform the analysis using Abaqus outside of HyperMesh.Step 21: Export the .inp file1. From the File drop down menu, select Export....2. In the File: field, enter job1.inp.3. Click the Export Options down arrows.4. Click the Export: toggle to all.5. Click . Apply6. Click to close the panel. CloseExportStep 22: Save the .hm file and quit HyperMesh1. From the File drop down menu, select Save as….2. Select your working directory and for File name:, enter job1.hm.3. Click Save.4. From the File drop down menu, select Exit.。

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