新课标高一英语必修一Unite1知识点
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1.1 Ⅰ.词汇短语过关
1．upset adj. 心烦意乱的；不安的，不适的 vt. 使不安；使心烦，打乱(upset; upset)
be upset about 对……感到心烦
It upsets sb. that 让某人心烦的是……
It upsets sb. to do sth. 做……使某人不快
upset the plan 搅乱了计划
2．ignore vt. 不理睬；忽视；不顾(强调“装作不知道或没看到”)
ignorant adj. 无知的；愚昧的；不知道的
ignorance n. 无知；愚昧；不知道
ignore sb./sth. 不理睬某人/假装不知道或未见
be ignorant of/about sth.＝be in ignorance of sth.不知道某事
3．concern vt. (使)担忧；涉及；关系到n. 担心；关注；(利害)关系
concerning prep. 关于
concerned adj. 关心的；挂念的；有关的
show/express concern about/for 对……表示关心/担心
have concern with 和……有关系
with concern 关切地
be concerned about/over/for 关心，挂念
as/so far as... be concerned 就……而言
4．series n. 系列；连续
a series of 一连串的；一系列的 a series of exams 一连串的考试
a TV series 一部电视连续剧
注(1)series 属于单复数同形的单词，类似的单词还有 means, species, works(工厂)，deer, fish, sheep 等。
(2)“a series of＋复数名词”做主语时，谓语动词用单数，但“these/those series of＋复数名词”做主语时，谓语动词用复数。
5．settle vi. 安家；定居；停留vt. 使定居；安排；解决
settle in/into (使)适应(新的家、工作、环境等)，习惯于；安顿下来
settle down 安居下来；定居，过安定生活，舒适地坐下或躺下
settle on/upon 同意，决定；在某处停留/栖息
get down to n．/v.－ing开始认真做……，专心于……
6．suffer vt.& vi. 遭受；忍受；经历 suffering n. (身体、精神上的)痛苦，苦恼、苦难的经历
suffer pain/loss/defeat/punishment/hardship遭受痛苦/损失/失败/惩罚/艰难
suffer from 受……折磨，受……之苦；患……疾病
7．recover vi.&vt. 痊愈；恢复；重新获得 recovery n. 恢复，复原；复得
recover from sth. 从……中恢复到正常状态(如健康、神智等)
recover oneself 清醒过来
recover one's health/senses 恢复健康/知觉
8．add up 合计
add up to 加起来共计/达
add...to... 把……加在/上……
add to 增加；增添
add that...补充说
9．go through
＝experience 经历，经受
＝examine carefully 仔细检查
＝look through 浏览，翻阅
＝pass (through) 通过，经过
2 ＝be used up 用完
拓展：break through 冲破
get through 完成，通过
live through 活过……
look through 浏览
cut through 穿过
put through 接通电话
10．set down
(1)＝write down 写下，记下
(2)＝put down 放下，搁下
(3)＝stop and allow sb. to get off 让某人下车
(4)＝explain or describe to oneself as 解释为，认为
拓展：set about doing sth.开始干某事 ＝set out to do sth.
set off开始；出发(＝set out)；引爆
set out出发；开始(后接to do)；陈列；阐述
set up建立，创设，开办
set back把(钟表指针)往回拨
set aside留出；不顾；取消
set free释放；解放
set sb. a good example为……树立好榜样
11．in order to 为了……
(1)in order to 引导的目的状语，可置于句首或句末，
so as to 引导的目的状语，其位置一般在句末。
(2)否定结构：in order not to do 和 so as not to do。
12．get along/on with与……相处 get along/on well/nicely with....进展(谈及或问及工作情况)
13. have trouble with sb
have trouble in doing
be in trouble
get into trouble
take the troule to do sth
Ⅱ.重点句型详解
1．While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car.你在遛狗的时候不小心让狗松脱了，接着它被一辆小车撞着了。
While walking the dog＝While you were walking the dog，这是状语从句的省略。
在when, while, if, as if, though, as, where, unless等连词(词组)引导的状语从句中，如果谓语动词有be，而主语又跟主句的主语相同或为it时，则从句的主语和be常常省略。
①When (I was) in Japan, I took many beautiful pictures.
在日本时，我拍了许多漂亮的照片。
3 ②While (I was) waiting, I read newspapers.
我边等待，边看报纸。
③If (it were) not for you, we would not go there.
要不是为你，我们就不会去那儿了。
④He looks as if (he were) drunk.他看上去像喝醉了。
⑤She went on working though (she was) exhausted.
尽管她精疲力竭，但仍继续工作。
⑥Fill in the blanks with the given words; change the form where (it is) necessary.用所给词填空，必要的地方改变形式。
⑦I won't go unless (I'm) invited.
除非被邀请，否则我不会去。
2．...tell him/her that he/she should have studied...
……告诉他/她本该学习……
should have done结构表示过去应该做某事而事实上没有做；而shouldn't have done则表示过去本不该做某事而实际上却做了，两者皆含有“责备”的口吻。
①You should have finished your homework yesterday.
你昨天就该做完作业。
②You shouldn't have told him about it.
你本来不应该告诉他这件事情。
拓展：其他“情态动词＋have＋done”结构：
(1)must have done对过去发生的事情的肯定推测。“一定……”。
(2)can't/couldn't have done对过去发生的事情的否定推测。“不可能……”。
(3)needn't have done过去没有必要做却做了。“本来没必要做……”。
(4)ought (not) to have done＝should (not) have done
(5)might/may have done过去可能做了某事(可能性小)。“可能做了……”。
(6)could have done过去本可能做而未做。“本来能做……”。
(7)would have done愿意做某事却不能做。“本来想要做……”。
3．...it was the first time in a year and a half that I'd seen the night face to face...
……这是我一年半以来第一次观察夜晚……
It is/was the first time(that)．..这是一个固定句式，it可换成this或that; first可换成second, third等，以表达不同的意义。
①This is the fourth time she's rung you in a week.
这是她一周内第四次给你打电话。
②It was the second time that he had been out with her alone.这是他第二次单独跟她外出。
③It will be the second time that I have got the prize.
那将是我第二次获得该奖。
提示：(1)It is the first time that...后接现在完成时；It was the first time that...后接过去完成时；It will be
the first time that...后接现在完成时。
