新概念英语第三册Lesson4

Lesson 04 The double life of Alfred Bloggs

1. New words and expression 生词和短语

Double adj.两倍的, 双重的

-- Double life, 双重生活

-- Double character：双重人格

-- Double chin：双下巴

-- Double bed: 双人床， twin beds: 两张标准床。

Two-timer: a man who dates two women at the same time, 脚踩两只船。

manual adj.体力的 〔= physical adj.身体的, 物质的〕

-- manual work 体力工作

-- manual labor 体力劳动者

mental work 脑力工作

collar

-- gold-collar adj. 金领阶层的。

- -white-collar adj.白领阶层的, 脑力劳动者〔those who do mental work〕

-- blue-collar adj蓝领阶级的, 工人阶级的〔those who do manual work〕

hot under the collar 怒气冲天

-- He got hot under the collar when he knew that they laughed at him.

make a collar: police catch criminals, 警察抓小偷

sacrifice vt.牺牲，献出 〔to give up for good purpose〕

-- sacrifice one's life for the country

-- sacrifice time

sacrifice n.牺牲 〔-- make many sacrifices〕

dustman

corporation ， 大型股份

-- multinational corporation: 跨国公司

Company: 小公司

Enterprise: 企业

-- Joint-venture enterprise: 合资企业

-- State-owned enterprise: 国有企业

-- Township enterprise: 乡镇企业

-- Non-government run school: 民办学校

overalls

shower

secret n.机密 adj.机密的, 隐秘的

Confidential

keep secret 保密

-- It's between you and me. 此事只介于你我之间。

-- I'll keep it to myself. 我会保守机密的。

in secret 私下里〔= secretly, in private, privately〕 -- I was told about it in secret.

in the secret 知道内情 -- He was in the secret from the beginning

status n.地位〔= social position〕 statue n.雕像, 塑像

rise n.发生, 出现

loss fellow n.伙伴, 朋友, 同事 adj.同伴的, 同事的, 同道的

2. Text 课文

Why did Alf want a white-collar job?

These days, people who do manual work often receive far more money than

people who work in offices.

 people who do manual work = blue-collar workers: 蓝领工人

people who do mental work = white-collar workers = people who work in offices：白领，

脑力劳动者

 receive money/拿工资, save money/存钱, spend money/花钱，make money/挣钱

-- Spend the money tomorrow today.

 far more money〔far，表示程度的副词，用来加强语气= much〕

People who work in offices are frequently referred to as "white-collar workers'

for the simple reason that they usually wear a collar and tie to go to work.

 refer to...as = regard...as 把...看作为, 参考， 参看。

-- I always refer to him as bookworm〔n.书呆子〕

be referred to as ……被称作为……

-- He is referred to as walking dictionary. 他被称作活字典。

 for the simple reason = for 引导的原因状语从句

for the reason that多用于正式文体，because多用于口语中。

-- He is referred to as a bookworm for the simple reason that he spares no efforts reading.

-- He was send to prison for he could not pay his debts.

Such is human nature, that a great many people are often willing to sacrifice higher

pay for the privilege of becoming white-collar workers.

 human nature 人性，人之常情

 such...that... , that从句并不是非限定性定语从句，而是引导such的同位语从句,

进一步补充说明such的根本内涵。在英语中，假如主语过长的时候，主语及其修饰成分就要放在后面，以保持句子的平衡和逻辑上的美感。\

Such that a great many people are often willing to sacrifice higher pay for the privilege of

becoming white-collar workers is human nature.

-- His kindness was such that we will never forget him.

= Such was his kindness that… 〔such在句首要倒装〕

= He was so kind that we will never forget him.

-- Such is human nature that we want to get a lot of things free.

 介词for表示一种目的

be willing to do sth = be ready to do sth 心甘情愿做

 privilege n.好处 〔= advantage n.优势, 有利条件, 利益〕

sacrifice one's advantage/privilege 牺牲掉某人的好处

for the privilege of : 为了获得殊荣，宁愿…..

➢ privilege n.特权, 特别待遇〔= special right〕

give sb. the privilege of doing sth 特许某人做某事

➢ -- We are privileged tonight to have our headmaster as our speaker.

This can give rise to curious situations, as it did in the case of Alfred Bloggs who

worked as a dustman for the Ellesmere Corporation.

 give rise to = 引起〔lead to v.导致, 通向〕〔cause vt.引起, 惹起〕〔result in v.导致〕

-- Such conduct might give rise to misunderstandings. 这种行为会引起误解。

-- The bad conditions have given rise to a lot of crimes. 不良的环境引起了犯罪。

-- Pollution gave rise to a world wide green-house effect. 全球污染引起了温室效应。

 curious: 好奇的，奇妙的，稀奇的

 as it did: as 引导方式状语从句，it 是上一句that从句的内容， did是前面这句话的中心谓语，give rise to curious situations.

 in the case of 就...来说, 关于, 就...的情形而言 〔= concerning prep.关于, 涉及,

就...说〕

-- Poverty depressed many people, but in the case of my father, it was otherwise. 贫穷使许多人一蹶不振，但是对我父亲来说，那么另当别论。

➢ in case of〔副词〕万一, 以防  〔in case: conj.万一〕

-- You should ensure your house in case of fire. 〔ensure vt.保证; 担保, 保险〕

-- Take an umbrella with you in case of rain 带上雨伞以防下雨。

 who引导定语从句

第一段围绕着第一句话展开，或者说such is human nature, 作者告诉我们这就是他要讨论的主旨，也就是他提出的这个社会现象。

When he got married, Alf was too embarrassed to say anything to his wife about his

job. He simply told her that he worked for the Corporation.

 too embarrassed to say 太为难而没有说明，为难，困窘

too …..to……：太….以致于不能…….