上海交通大学英语统考冲刺题-B10

上海交通大学英语水平考试样题学生姓名：________________ 年级：____________学号：_____________班级代号：_______________ 考试地点: 授课教师：Part I Listening （40％）Section 1 Long Conversations （10％）Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear five questions. Both the conversations and the questions will be spoken ONLY ONCE. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices.(注意：请把答案写在答题卷上,否则以零分处理)Conversation 11. A) It is exaggerated.B) It is self-important.C) It is a move toward the concepts she teaches.D) It doesn’t give a clear idea of what the department does.2. A) S he didn’t agree with him.B) It illustrates one of her basic ideas.C) The man was an expert on people management.D) It shows how some people do not understand people management.3. A) Worrying can cause needless stress.B) It is important to remember other things as well.C) They can stop you thinking about more basic things.D) We can’t solve them, so there’s no point in worrying.4. A) Completely.B) In no way at all.C) With respect to relationships.D) With respect to professional questions.5. A) By giving them a written warning.B) By sacking people who break the rules.C) By following organizational procedures.D) By understanding the employee’s personal circumstances.Conversation 26. A) Sarcastic.B) Humorous.C) Indifferent.D) Matter-of-fact.7. A) She was talking about suicide literally.B) She was talking about smoking literally.C) She wanted to be left alone by saying so.D) She was talking about both smoking and her life.8. A) None of them helped her positively.B) Her mother was too busy to be around her.C) Her father was the role model she followed.D) Her friends always cheered her up when she was feeling down.9. A) She feels less hopeless.B) She feels she has many dreams.C) She feels she is not part of this world any more.D) She feels that her life took the wrong way in the past, but now she wants tomake a change for the better.10. A) He is a psychiatrist.B) He is a school teacher.C) He is a policeman in disguise.D) He is a stranger she just ran into by chance.Section 2 Compound Dictation （10％）Directions:In this section, you will hear a passage twice. You have its script in the following, but with eleven blanks in it. You are required to fill in the first eight blanks with the exact words you have just heard. For the last three blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Remember, there will be a pause for the last three blanks in the second reading. (注意：请把答案写在答题卷上,否则以零分处理)The medical center at New York University is one of the clinical sites for the study.Thirty-nine-year-old Denise Harris is helping researchers gain a better understanding of the brain. She suffers from epilepsy, and doctors are monitoring her seizures in the hope of performing an operation to minimize them. Her head is 1) ____________. Wires protruding from the side are attached to electrodes implanted in her brain. Harris says doctors are monitoring her to see whether she is a good candidate for surgery."I've been on many medications throughout my life and after a while, they don'twork," said Denise Harris. "I still get seizures. So now, when they remove the part that the seizure is 2) ____________ from, it's supposed to stop."But while Harris is in the hospital, she is also helping scientists understand how the brain comprehends and uses language. For the study, researchers are monitoring the implanted 3) ____________ on a part of the frontal lobe called Broca's area, named after 19th century French physician Pierre Paul Broca. He was the first doctor to recognize the major role of that area in language.Through the implant process, called Intra-cranial Electrophysiology, or ICE, the researchers have found that Broca's area processes three different language functions in 4) ____________ –– within a quarter of a second. It is the first time the technique has been used to document how the brain processes grammar and produces words.Eric Halgren of the University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, is one of the 5) ____________ investigators of the study."What we were able to find was that within a centimeter, around less than an inch, certainly, and probably half an inch, there were different regions - perhaps they 6) ____________ some –– but they were doing, at different times, different processes, all within this small area."The first function deals with recognizing a word, the second with understanding the word's context in a sentence, and the third lets us 7) ____________ the word by speaking.Harvard University brain expert Steven Pinker is another of the study's authors. Ned Sahin, a 8) ____________ fellow at Harvard and the University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine was the first author of the paper outlining the work, which was published in the journal Science.According to Sahin, 9)___________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________."Nearly every introductory textbook as well as people practicing in the field in speech pathology, for instance, teach and believe that 10) ______________________ ____________________________________________________________________ _______________ ––Broca's area and Wernicke's area, where Broca's area is responsible for producing, for speaking, and Wernicke's for comprehending," said Sahin.This study shows that Broca's area is involved in both speaking and comprehension, illustrating that parts of the brain perform more than one task."Here's an example of one relatively small part of the brain that's doing three very different things at three different times, but all within the space of a quarter of a second."But Eric Halgren points out that despite our growing knowledge, much about the human brain remains unknown."How does this hunk of flesh, which is not much different from a muscle –– it's just a bowl of porridge –– how does it produce the mind? It's a total mystery".He says11) ______________________________________________________ ________________________________________.Section 3 Short-answer Questions （10％）Directions:In this section, you will hear a passage ONLY ONCE. In the following you have five questions. You are required to answer these questions with as few words as possible, in any case, no more than 25 words.(注意：请把答案写在答题卷上,否则以零分处理)1) What is the basic idea about intercultural competence?2) What is listed as one of the most important criteria for intercultural competence?3) What is considered as offensive in the Arab countries according to the woman?4) What mistake did the woman make when conducting business in Russia?5) What is the advice the woman gave in the end?Section 4: Listening and Translating （10％）Directions:In this section you are going to hear five short passages. You will hear them ONLY ONCE. In each of these passages some of the sentences are already printed. You are required to translate the missing parts into Chinese. After each of the passages there will be a pause lasting one and a half minutes. The pause is intended for you to do the translation.(注意：请把答案写在答题卷上,否则以零分处理)1) Our development agenda will also focus on women as drivers of economic growthand social stability. Women have long comprised the majority of the world’s unhealthy, unschooled, and underfed. They are also the bulk of the world’s poor.__________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ 2) About 80 percent of Australians live in coastal areas. There are fears that somelow-lying communities may have to be abandoned in years to come because of flooding and erosion. And with higher sea levels, heavy rains and massive tides known as storm surges, which often accompany tropical storms, can do unexpected damage. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ 3) It is no coincidence that the relationship between our countries has accompanied aperiod of positive change. ___________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ 4) And yet the success of that engagement depends upon understanding -- onsustaining an open dialogue, and learning about one another and from one another. For just as that American table tennis player pointed out, we share much in common as human beings, but our countries are different in certain ways. _____________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ 5) For a variety of reasons, production of the H1N1 vaccine has lagged behinddemand. The vaccine for the so-called swine flu is made in the same way as the seasonal flu vaccine - in chicken eggs. But the government's top infectious disease expert, Dr. Anthony Fauci, said the goal is to perfect new ways to make a vaccine."What we really want to do is get away from that and get it to be 21st century technology - molecular biology, recombinant DNA technology, where you have very good control over the process. It's rapid, it's consistent, and it proves to be something that we can rely on." _____________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ Part II Integrated Reading (30%)Section 1 Banked Cloze (10%)Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required toselect one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a wordbank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully beforemaking your choices. You may not use any of the words in the bankmore than once. Give your answers to the questions on your ANSWERSHEET.Attention:You need to change the forms of the words in the word bank where necessary.(注意：请把答案写在答题卷上,否则以零分处理)A name might tell you something about a person's background. Names can be1) __________ of class and race. Data show African Americans are far more likely than other 2) __________ groups to give their children uncommon names. White people tend to 3) ________ more familiar names that were formerly popular with more affluent white people.The new study purports to show a link between name and outcome of life: The more 4) _________ your name, the more likely you are to land in juvenile hall. That's because we know that boys with uncommon names are more likely to come from a socio-economically 5) _________ background, which means that they also are more likely to get involved with crime. Even the researchers readily admit that it's not a name alone that 6）_______ a child's outcome, but rather the circumstance underlying the name.The researchers first assigned a popularity score to boys' names, based on how often they showed up in birth records in an undisclosed state from 1987 to 1991. Michael, the No. 1 boy's name, had a Popular Name Index score of 100; names such as Malcolm and Preston had index scores of 1. The researchers then assessed names of young men born during that time who landed in the juvenile justice system. They found that only half had a rating higher than 11. By 7) __________, in the general population, half of the names scored higher than 20. "A 10% increase in the popularity of a name is associated with a 3.7% 8) _________ in the number of juvenile delinquents who have that name."Still, the study theorizes that teenagers named Malcolm might also 9) ___________ because their peers treat them differently or they just don't like their names. And since the study's release last week, the name-crime 10) ___________ has been written or talked about in major media outlets.Section 2 True or False Judgement & Sentence Completion (10%)Directions:In this part, you will find 7 statements and 3 incomplete sentences followed by the reading passage.For questions 1-7, markY (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. Attention: For questions 1-7, one more point will be deducted if you do n’t answer each one correctly.(注意: 1-7题中每答错一题倒扣1分, 不答不得分,答对得1分; 请把答案写在答题卷上,否则以零分处理)Who are smarter, men or women? It's a topic of common –– and often comic ––contemplation, but it has also become a serious policy issue for colleges and students in the United States.After years of concentrated effort to raise the academic achievement of girls, who in previous decades had often received less attention in the classroom and been steered away from college-prep courses, the nation can brag that female students have progressed tremendously. Though still underrepresented in calculus and other advanced-level science and math courses in high school, women now outnumber men applying to and graduating from college –– so much so that it appears some colleges are giving male applicants an admissions boost. As a result, the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights is examining whether colleges are engaging in widespread discrimination against women in an effort to balance their male and female populations.Consider some of the numbers at leading schools: At Vassar College in New York State, a formerly all-women's college that is still 60% female, more than two-thirds of the applicants last year were women. The college accepted 35% of the men who applied, compared with 20% of the women. Locally, elite Pomona College accepted 21% of male applicants for this year's freshman class, but only 13% of female applicants. At Virginia's College of William & Mary, 7,652 women applied for this year's freshman class, compared with 4,457 male applicants. Yet the numbers of each who gained admittance were nearly the same. That's because the college accepted 45% of the men and only 27% of the women.A 2007 analysis by U.S. News & World Report, based on the data sent by colleges for the magazine's annual rankings, found that the admissions rate for women averaged 13 percentage points lower than that for men. But percentages don't tell thewhole story. It could be that the men were stronger candidates, or they might have applied in areas of engineering and science where women's numbers are still lower. But such justifications, even if true, are unlikely to fully explain these numbers. At schools such as the University of California, where admissions rely overwhelmingly on statistical measures of academic achievement such as grades and test scores, the disparities don't appear. Far more women than men applied to UCLA ––the UC's most selective campus ––last year. The university accepted about the same percentage of each, with a slight edge to the women. As a result, the freshman class has close to 800 more women than men.In recent years, several college leaders have admitted that their institutions give a boost to male applicants to maintain gender balance on campus. Most students of either sex, they point out, prefer such balance. If Vassar accepted equal percentages of each sex, women would outnumber men by more than 2 to 1.Jennifer Delahunty Britz, the dean of admissions at Kenyon College in Ohio, a formerly all-male school, brought the matter to broad public attention in 2006 with an Op-Ed article for the New York Times describing the dilemma of her admissions office. "What messages are we sending young women that they must . . . be even more accomplished than men to gain admission to the nation's top colleges?" New York Times has long favored allowing colleges to use race as an admissions factor in order to diversify student populations.She also wrote that exposure to people of different backgrounds and viewpoints better educates all students –– not just those given a leg up. We are not in favor of accepting underqualified or clearly inferior students for the sake of diversity. But most colleges are inundated with applications from students who more than meet their standards; the differences among many of them are slight. It makes sense for colleges to pick a balanced population from within this group. At the same time, admissions officers should avoid rigid notions of what constitutes enough men on campus. It's not harming UCLA, or destroying college social life, to admit somewhat more women than men.Even if the Civil Rights Commission finds pervasive gender discrimination inadmissions, there's little it could do about the situation. Such discrimination –– though not racial discrimination –– is legal for undergraduate admissions at private, nonprofit colleges, even those that receive federal funding. Commission documents on the inquiry suggest that colleges could find more "gender-neutral" ways of balancing their student numbers, perhaps by offering programs and extracurricular activities that attract men.Those might work for some schools but won't change the overall scenario. Not with college populations composed of 57% women nationwide. The issue we'd like the Commission on Civil Rights to investigate is: What's happening with the education of U.S. boys? Why are so few of them applying to and graduating from college?Theories and arguments abound. Some say that boys are more active and thus less able to sit still for long periods –– and as a result, more likely to be categorized as having attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder or needing special education. A 2008 study by researchers at Northwestern University found that when girls are involved in a language-related task –– such as reading –– they show more activity in areas of the brain involved in encoding language. Boys use more sensory information to do linguistic tasks. The study suggests boys might do better if they were taught language and arts in different ways. Race is a factor as well. The gender gap is starker among African American and Latino students.There may be no one reason –– or solution. But figuring out ways to help boys achieve in school is a better response to the gender gap than making it easier for them to get into college later.1. As a result of the effort to raise the academic achievement of the girls for years, the girls have exceeded boys tremendously in all courses in colleges except calculus and other advanced-level science and math courses.2. Female students are facing the low admission rate because some colleges areengaging in discrimination against women to achieve the balance of their male and female populations.3. Although the men were traditionally considered stronger candidates in areas of engineering and science, the admission rate for men in these areas is still lower than that for women.4. Women have outnumbered men in gaining admittance in UCLA’s freshman class this year because their admissions greatly rely on grades and test scores of their applicants.5. Some college leaders hold that most college students prefer their policy of maintaining gender balance by admitting equal percentages of each sex.6. The dilemma of the dean of admissions at Kenyon College is whether to use gender as an admissions factor in order to achieve gender balance or use race as an admissions factor in order to diversify student populations.7. According to Jennifer Delahunty Britz, it is reasonable for colleges to pick a balanced population from the candidates who more than meet their standards.8. Actually the Civil Rights Commission can do little to change the situation of discrimination in college admission because such discrimination is ____________________________________________________________________.9. The study shows that in doing linguistic tasks the boys use more sensory information, the girls show more _________________________________________.10. Despite various theories and arguments about why so few boys apply to and graduate from college, the better solution to the problem is to____________________________________________________________________. Section 3 Cloze (10%)Directions:In this section there are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Give your answers to the questions on your ANSWER SHEET.(注意：请把答案写在答题卷上,否则以零分处理)Part III Writing (30%)Section A (10%)In this Section,, you have 15 minutes to write an essay on the following topic. You should write at least 100 words. （请务必写在答题卷上，否则以零分处理）Your cousin, Ming Zhang, is going to take the national entrance examination to college in June. However, he is under great pressure and simply can’t concentrate on his study. Please drop him a note of about 100 words, giving him some tips as to how to deal with this situation.Section B (20%)In this Section, you have 30 minutes to write an essay on the following topic. You should write at least 200 words. （请务必写在答题卷上，否则以零分处理）Many college students complain of their heavy course load. They think some courses offered are time-consuming and not very useful. What do you think of the complaints? S hould college students’ opinions be considered in curriculum development and policy-making? Please write an essay of about 200 words to express your opinion and explain why with specific reasons.上海交通大学英语水平考试答题卷学生姓名：_____________ 年级：____________学号：_____________班级代号：___ 考试地点: 授课教师：分数__________ Part I Listening (40%)1) ___________ 2) _____________ 3) ___________ 4)_____________5)____________6) _____________ 7) ____________ 8) _____________9) ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________10)___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________11) ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Section 3 Short-answer Questions （10％）1)_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Section 4 Listening and Translating （10％）1)______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ 3)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________4)______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5) _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Part II Integrated Reading (30%) Section 1 Banked Cloze （10％） 1) _________ 2) ___________ 3) ___________ 4)_______ 5)__________ 6) __________ 7) ____________ 8) ___________ 9)_________ 10) _________ Section 2 True or False Judgement & Sentence Completion （10％） 1) _____ 2) _______ 3) _______ 4) ________ 5) _____ 6)_____ 7)_____ 8) _____________________________________________________________ 9) _____________________________________________________________ 10) ____________________________________________________________Part III Writing (30%) （请将作文写在答题卷背面)Section A （10%） Your cousin, Ming Zhang, is going to take the national entrance examination to college in June. However, he is under great pressure and simply can’t concentrate on his study. Please drop him a note of about 100 words, giving him some tips as to how to deal with this situation. Section B （10%） Many college students complain of their heavy course load. They think some courses offered aretime-consuming andnot very useful. What do you think of the complaints? Should college students’ opinions be considered in curriculum development and policy-making? Please write an essay of about 200 words to express your opinion and explain why with specific reasons.Key 答案：Section 1: 1-5 CBBDC 6-10 ADACASection 2:1)Bandaged 2）triggered 3）probes 4）succession 5）principal 6）overlap 7）articulate 8) postdoctoral 9）scientists have known for some time that conventional explanations for how parts of the brain work need to be revised10)there is a separation of tasks and a division of labor between two very different parts of the brain11)brain studies are shedding light on the pieces of the puzzle and might one day solve the mystery Section 3:1) I t’s basically the ability to c ommunicate successfully with people of other cultures. (2 points)2) Sensitivity to other cultures (1 point)3) Showing the bottom of your shoe or foot when crossing your legs (2 points)4) She did not remove her gloves when shaking hands with a business associate in Russia( without realising that this is considered impolite). (2 points)5) Never make false assumptions about other cultures, and never lack sensitivity. Be open tolearning about new cultures. And learn the local language. (3 points)Section 4:1) 全球经济的衰退对妇女和女孩所产生的影响尤其严重，这进而又波及到家庭、社区、乃至地区。

上海交大外语测试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. The book you gave me is one of the most interesting booksI have ever read.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. it答案：B2. The number of the people who were injured in the accident was 20.A. fewB. littleC. lessD. fewer答案：D3. He is the only one of the students who has passed the exam.A. thatB. whichC. whoD. whom答案：C4. The reason he was late was because he missed the bus.A. thatB. whyC. whichD. because答案：B5. The old man lives by himself. He doesn’t have anyone to look after him.A. himselfB. himselfC. himselfD. himself答案：A6. The teacher told us that light travels faster than sound.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. it答案：A7. The reason why he was late was that he missed the bus.A. thatB. whyC. whichD. because答案：A8. The news that he told us was true.A. whatB. whichC. thatD. it答案：C9. The boy is too young to go to school.A. enoughB. moreC. tooD. so答案：A10. He is the tallest boy in his class.A. tallerB. the tallestC. more tallD. the taller答案：B二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. The teacher asked the students to ________ (保持安静) during the exam.答案：keep quiet2. The ________ (会议) will be held in the school hall tomorrow.答案：meeting3. She is very ________ (擅长) at playing the piano.答案：good4. He is ________ (对…感兴趣) painting.答案：interested in5. I ________ (收到) a letter from my brother yesterday. 答案：received6. The ________ (问题) was too difficult for him to solve. 答案：question7. The ________ (孩子) are playing in the park.答案：children8. He is ________ (负责) for the project.答案：responsible9. She is ________ (担心) about her son’s health.答案：worried10. The ________ (事件) happened last night.答案：event三、阅读理解（每题2分，共20分）阅读以下短文，并回答后面的问题。

英语水平考试样题(共12页)--本页仅作为文档封面，使用时请直接删除即可----内页可以根据需求调整合适字体及大小--上海交通大学英语水平考试（新版）样题试卷（一）PartI Listening(45 minutes)Section One Conversation and News Report (10%)Directions: In this section, you will hear a conversation and a news report. At the end of the conversation or news report, you will hear some questions. The conversation, the news report and the questions will be spoken ONLY ONCE. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices. Please write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.ConversationTo express her wish to him for his early recovery.B) To ask for leave of absence from his lecture.C) To make up for what she missed from his last lecture.D) To see if she was allowed to turn in the paper later.To imply some students give lame excuses.B) To suggest that dogs bring unexpected troubles.C) To mean that dogs might go crazy.D) To remind that papers should be taken good care of.Her roommate forgot about the term paper.B) Her roommate’s mother got cancer.C) Her roommate caught the flu and missed a test.D) Her roommate’s car broke down and she missed biology lab.He is understanding.B) He is strict.C) He is unsympathetic.D) He is indifferent.To make a reasonable schedule.B) To cut down on party time.C) To make the best use of gap time.D) Not to poke your nose into other people's business.News report61.B) 100.C) 161.D) 39.They lost their guns in attempt to escape.B) They were put to sleep with drugs.C) Three of them escaped.D) Three of them were killedIn the capital of Pakistan.B) In a police training center.C) In a Pakistan public school.D) In a US police station.It has been struck twice by terrorists.B) It has been the site of numerous terrorist attacks.C) Attacks of this nature have never occurred.D) It is heavily guarded by US troops.Over 140 people were killed, most of them children.B) Six policemen were killed in powerful explosions.C) Rockets were launched into a training centre grounds.D) Over 72 people were killed by a terrorist group.Section Two Compound Dictation (10%)Directions:In this section, you will hear a passage TWICE. You have its script in the following, but with ten blanks in it. For the first eight blanks you are required to write down the exact word or words you have just heard. For the last two blanks, you are required to fill in the missing information either using the exact words you have just heard or writing down the main points in your own words. Remember, there will be a pause for each blank except for the single-word blanks. Please write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.Nearly one fourth of the world’s population, some billion people, are between the ages of 10 and 24, according to the United Nations 2014 State of World Population Report. (11) _____________________, young people are often overlooked, shut out of the decision making process, and (12) ___________ __________. “This tendency cries out for urgent correction,” states the report, “because it imperils (危及) youth as well as economies and societies at large.”There is (13) _____________________ poverty and low investment in the well-being and development of young people. “In most countries, their numbers compound challenges in escaping violence, in finding dignified work, or in (14) _____________________ and youth-friendly health services, including reproductive health and family planning services,” notes the report. And this in turn feeds the (15)_____________________ cycle of poverty.The report points out that nine out of ten young people live in less developed countries, where schooling and jobs are scarce. Many lack access to reproductive health information and services. . Assistant Secretary for Population, (16) _____________________ and Migration Anne Richard, who spoke on the release of the report, emphasized that these are services young people need to preserve their options, (17) _____________________ and even save their own lives.Too many girls, about 39,000 every day, are subjected to early and forced marriage. Some of these child brides are as young as eight. As Assistant Secretary Richard pointed out, the (18)_____________________ of early marriage and young people’s unmetneed for contraceptives can be grave. (19) __________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________. And while HIV fatalities for other age groups are falling, among adolescents, they are rising.”The United States strongly support s the report’s recommendations, including stopping early and forced marriage, adolescent pregnancies and harmful practices such as female genital mutilation (割除); improving access to reproductive health care for the young;preventing gender-based violence; promoting equal education for girls, and improving young people’s employment opportunities.“We now know just how much is at stake. Not only the risks of failure, but the enormous benefits within reach with the right mix of enlightened policies and effect ive programs,” said Assistant Secretary Richard. “Young people deserve the chance to pursuetheir dreams and to thrive. (20) _______________________________________________________________________________________________.”Section Three Note-taking (10%) （此题与简答题SAQ二选一）Directions:In this section, you will hear a report (orlecture) ONLY ONCE. In the following you have its outline in thenote-taking form, but with some information missing. You are required to complete the note-taking form. Please write your answers onthe ANSWER SHEET.Wildlife endangered二选一)Directions:In this section, you will hear a passage ONLY ONCE. In the following you have five questions. You are required to answer these questions with as few words as possible, in any case, no more than 15 words. Please write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. Questionsmade the public increasingly angry in 1970, which led to the birthof Earth Day?is this year’s theme of the Earth Day (2016)do forests mean to the local people, according to this report?is produced as a result of deforestation and land-use change, according to this report?can help curb many of the environmental problems our planet faces today?Section Four Listening and translating (5%)Directions:In this section you will hear THREE short passages. You will hear them ONLY ONCE. You are required to translate the missing parts into Chinese. After each of the passages there will bea pause for translation. Please write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.New York City policeman directs a motorist to the end of the line at a gas station in Brooklyn. And quite a line it is. Drivers here are waiting five hours to get to the head of it. Police are on hand to maintain order and make certain ________________________________________________________________.Obama Administration seeks to achieve three major goals: first, the entry into force of the Paris Climate Agreement, which aims to keep the temperature rise well below 2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels; second, addressing the growth of international aviation emissions; and finally, the gradual reduction of the production and consumption of hydrofluorocarbons（氢氯烃）, or HFCs. _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________.it comes to humanitarian aid, one of the great achievements of the past quarter century is the fact that since the early 1990s,___________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________.Part II ReadingComprehension (45 Minutes)Section One Banked Cloze (10%)Directions:In this section, you will read a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list ofchoices given in a word bank. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Please write your answers on your ANSWER SHEET. Attention: You can change the forms of the words in the word bankcan be signifiers（示意的符号）of class and race. Data show African Americans are far more likely than other (29) __________ groups to give their children uncommon names. White people tend to favor more familiar names that were formerly popular with more (30) ________ white people.The new study purports（声称）to show a link between name and outcome of life: The more unpopular your name, the more likely you are toland in juvenile hall. That's because we know that boys with uncommon names are more likely to come from a socio-economically (31)_________ background, which means that they also are more likely to get involved with crime. Even the researchers readily admit that it's not a name alone that affects a child's outcome, but rather the circumstance (32) _________ the name.The researchers first (33) _________ a popularity score to boys' names, based on how often they showed up in birth records in an undisclosed state from 1987 to 1991. Michael, the No. 1 boy's name, had a Popular Name Index score of 100; names such as Malcolm and Preston had index scores of 1. The researchers then (34) __________ names of young men born during that time who landed in the juvenile justice system. They found that only half had a rating higher than 11. By (35) __________, in the general population, half of the names scored higher than 20. "A 10% increase in the popularity of a name is associated with a % (36) _________ in the number of juvenile delinquents who have that name."Still, the study theorizes（推测）that teenagers named Malcolm might also act out because their (37) ____________ treat them differentlyor they just don't like their names. And since the study's releaselast week, the name-crime (38) ___________ has been written or talked about in major media outlets.Section Two Multiple Choice Questions (16%)Directions: In this section, you will read two short passages. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on your ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the centre.Passage OneSome people in the British Victorian era hated mustaches. They thought an unshaven upper lip was crude and ungentlemanly. For example, a British businessman left 10 pounds to each of his employees without a mustache. Managers of the Bank of London seemed to be a little more tolerant. They prohibited mustaches only during working hours.Are you laughing yet After all, our society doesn’t pay attention to such silly details of how we look. Or does it Spend 15 minutes watching customers shop at any department store. You’d think they were making decisions that compare with choosing a career!Consider that importance of athletic shoes. In 1984 Michael Jordan wore a pair of black and red high-tops in a pre-season basketball game because the NBA said he’d be fined if he wore his “Air Jordans” during a regular-season game. The maker of the shoes could not have planned a better marketing strategy. TV commercials pictured Jordan saying, “On Oct. 15, Nike created a revolutionary new basketball shoe. On Oct. 18, the NBA threw them out of the game. Fortunately, the NBA can’t keep you from wearing them. AirJordans!” Suddenly the kind of shoes people wore became as important as a declaration of independence.Since the time you were wearing diapers (尿布), the fashion industry has been studying you very carefully. They know that 80 percent of America’s teenagers talk about the ads they like– a powerful kind of word-of-mouth marketing. Advertisers spend big bucks to learn what’s going on between your ears because teens spend billions of dollars annually on the latest in fads（新奇的时尚）and fashions.But the lure of fashion could never be a Christian’s problem,right Wrong. Even Christians are touched by the influence of advertising in TV, radio, magazines, billboards and Web sites. If we aren’t careful, it’s easy to become more worried about how we look than about how we think.It’s been said that “fashion is the science of appearances, and it inspires one with the desire to seem rather than to be.” This goes along with the apostle（信徒）Paul’s words about “those who take pride in what is seen rather than in what is in the heart”. Not too long ago, international tennis star Andre Agassi appeared in a TV commercial saying, “Image is everything!” The apostle Paul would not have agreed.39. The examples in the first paragraph are given in order to__________________.A) introduce that people today care as much about appearance as beforeB) entertain readers with odd behaviors of Englishmen in Victorian eraC) show how Englishmen in the past cared about their lookD) explain that a mustache was not popular in the past40. According to the passage, “Air Jordans” is________________________.A) a pair of black and red high-topsB) a new brand of Nike basketball shoeC) a symbol of independence in peopleD) a sales pitch used on TV commercials41. The fashion industry follows teenagers closely because_____________________.A) the ads for fashion are their favorite topicB) teenagers are a large consumer-group of fashionsC) marketing the latest fads needs the opinions of teenagersD) their thoughts and hobbies are attractive to the fashion industry42. By “the lure of fashion could never be a Christian’s problem” (Para. 5), the author implies that ________________________________.A) Christians never worry about what to wearB) Christians need to get away from the mass mediaC) a real Christian should not desire to follow fashionD) the influence of fashion ads cannot reach Christians43. Which of the following is an appropriate title for this article?A) Power of advertising.B) Fashion marketing.C) Being fashion-conscious.D) Being clothes-minded.Passage TwoSapphira and the Slave Girl was the last nove l of Willa Cather’s illustrious (著名的) literary career. Begun in the late summer of 1937 and finally completed in 1941, it is often regarded by critics as one of her most personal works. Although the story takes place in 1856, well before her own birth, she drew heavily on both vivid childhood memories and tales handed down by older relatives to describe life in rural northern Virginia in the middle of the 19th century. She even went on an extended journey to the area to give the story a further ring of authenticity.Of all of Cather’s many novels,Sapphira and the Slave Girl is the one most concerned with providing an overall picture of day-to-day life in a specific era. A number of the novel’s characters, it would seem, are included in the story only because they are representative of the types of people to be found in 19th-century rural Virginia; indeed, a few of them play no part whatsoever in the unfolding of the plot. For instance, we are introduced to a poor white woman, MandyRinger, who is portrayed as intelligent and content, despite the fact that she has no formal education and must toil constantly in the fields. And we meet Dr. Clevenger, a country doctor who evokes a strong image of the pre-Civil War South.The title, however, accurately suggests that the novel is mainlyabout slavery. Cather’s attitude toward this institution may best be summed up as somewhat ambiguous. On the one hand, she displays almost total indifference to the legal and political aspects of slavery when she misidentifies certain crucial dates in its growth and development. Nor does she ever really offer a direct condemnation of slavery. Yet, on the other hand, the evil that was slavery gets through to us,albeit (虽然）in typically subtle ways. Those characters, like Mrs. Blake, who oppose the institution are portrayed in a sympathetic light. Furthermore, the suffering of the slaves themselves and the petty, nasty, often cruel, behavior of the slave-owners are paintedin stark terms.44. The author refers to Willa Cather’s Sapphira and the SlaveGirl primarily as a(n) ______________________________.A) heroic tale of the pre-Civil WarB) story based on personal materialC) authentic description of slaveryD) veiled opposition of the institution45. According to the author, Mandy Ringer and Dr. Clevenger are included in the book in order to_____________________________________.A) show that some characters play active roles in the story-tellingB) display Cather’s mixed feelings about slaves and slave-ownersC) paint a full portrait of life in rural Virginia before the Civil WarD) stress that characters in the novel are portrayed in a positive light46. Willa Cather’s attitude toward slavery is concluded as “somewhat ambiguous” in that she __________________________.A) did not denounce slavery directly but criticized it in more roundabout waysB) was against slavery but refrained from getting involved in the political issuesC) disliked the treatment of slaves yet never tried to help improve their way of lifeD) was ignorant of the legal and political part of slavery whilebeing opposed to itSection Three Sequencing (9%) （此题与Blank Filling二选一）Directions: In this section, you will read a long passage with six paragraphs removed. Please reorganize the six paragraphs in the orderfrom 47 to 52 so as to make a coherent passage. Please write down the letters (A~F) before the paragraphs on your ANSWER SHEET.Bed ConfessionsBED. It’s something shared by men and women in more ways than one. BED, or Binge Eating Disorder, has become an emotional and health concern for men across the United States. This eating disorder, which affects more than 1 million men in America, has only recently been recognized by the American Psychiatric Association as a disorder of its own, that needs further study.(47) _____________________________________________________________But BED is more than an occasional craving for a sweet snack. At first, eating may satisfy cravings. But eventually the eating becomes more and more frequent, and higher in calories and fat. This overeating leads to feelings of self-disgust and guilt, which may cause a person to eat even more.(48) _____________________________________________________________ Bed is formally characterized by the American Psychiatric Association in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders (DSM-IV)according to the following five criteria:1)Recurring binge eating（暴食）episodes. An episode of binge eating is characterized by both of the following:eating an amount of food that is definitely larger than most people would eat in a similar amount of time under similar circumstances;a sense of lack of control over eating during the episode2)The binge eating episodes are associated with the following:eating much more rapidly than you usually wouldeating until you feel uncomfortably fulleating large amounts of food when you don’t physically feel hungry eating alone because of embarrassment at how much you are eating feeling disgusted with yourself, depressed, or very guilty after overeating3)Binge eating causes emotional and physical stress or remorse.4)The binge eating occurs, on average, at least two days a week for six months or more.5)The binge eating is not followed by other inappropriate behaviors such as purging, fasting, excessive exercises and does not occur exclusively during episodes of other eating disorders, such as anorexia nervosa (神经性厌食症）or bulimia nervosa（神经性贪食症）. BED is a unique eating disorder, especially when it comes to men. While only 5% to 10% of people with anorexia and bulimia nervosa are male, it is estimated that BED affects a much greater proportion of men. According to Dr. Anne Becker of the Harvard Eating Disorders Center, “The ratio of females to males with this disorder is about to or about 40% me n.”Dr. Becker adds, “Binge eating disorderhas become more recognizable by doctors as more attention is given to weight control in the clinical setting.”(49) ____________________________________________________________(50) ____________________________________________________________ Unlike bulimia, where people eat and then purge, there is no counteraction to bingeing. Therefore, weight gain is a likely effect. As noted above, men with BED are often overweight to begin with. The effects of BED on health include all the possible consequences of overweight or obesity—diabetes, hypertension, and heart disease.(51) ____________________________________________________________(52) ____________________________________________________________ Treatment with medications such as antidepressants may be helpful for some individuals. Self-help groups also may be a source of support. Researchers are still trying to determine which method or combination of methods is the most effective in controlling binge eating disorder. The type of treatment that is best for an individual is a matter for discussion between the patient and his or her health care provider. Some organizations do provide professional and confidential treatment and information, such as the National Eating Disorders Organization, Overeaters Anonymous, and Males and Eating Disorders, etc..A There are some common characteristics of men who have BED. Mostare overweight, with a history of depression, low assertiveness, and poor self-esteem. Similar to all people with eating disorders, menwith BED view themselves in a negative light and allow food tocontrol their lives in order to compensate for their lack of controlin other areas such as work or family matters.B A typical binge may include eating anywhere from 1000 to 15000 calories at a time. In fact, it is not uncommon to actually have a “food hangover” the day following an especially large binge. The foods consumed are usually high in fat and are eaten in a relatively short period of time, putting an enormous amount of stress on the digestive and endocrine（内分泌的）systems. BED is different from the two other characteristic eating disorders, anorexia and bulimia. Anorexia is a condition of slow, self starvation; bulimia is abinging and vomiting syndrome.C An ever more serious consequence is death. According to Dr. Ken Stephenson, a psychotherapist who specializes in treating males with eating disorders, “People with eating disorders have the highest mortality rate of all psychiatric patients.”Isn’t that a good enough reason to seek help now?D Another common characteristic of men with BED is that they fail to address their own personal needs, and instead, turn to food. Forthese men, food can be a great sedative（镇静剂）and a means of suppressing feelings of anger, guilt, despondency, and sadness. Men with eating disorders tend to eat in private, not wanting to alert others to their habit. This increases the feelings of isolation and sadness, and creates another vicious cycle.E Men with symptoms of BED need to seek treatment as soon as possible. The longer a person waits, the greater the risk to their health. Treatment of the disorder generally includes cognitive-behavioral or interpersonal therapy performed by a licensed clinician. Cognitive-behavioral therapy teaches patients techniques to monitor and change their eating habits as well as to change the way they respond to difficult situations. Interpersonal psychotherapy helps people examine their relationships with friends and family and make changes in problem areas.F Ninety-five percent of the . population has cravings for “pleasure” or “comfort” foods. The other five percent crave alcohol, cigarettes, or some other addictive substance. Having cravings, and fulfilling them, is a natural human instinct.Section Three Blank Filling (9%)（此题与Sequencing二选一）Directions: In this section, you will read a long passage followedby 9 incomplete statements. Please complete the statements with the information from the passage. Each of your answers should be No More Than 10 Words. Please write answers on your ANSWER SHEET.Game-Changer: Free Online Education For AllFor decriers (责难的人) of the “social injustice” of college tuition, here’s a curveball bound to scramble your worldview: atotally free college education regardless of your academic performance or background. The Massachusetts Institute ofTechnology will announce on Monday that they intend to launch an online learning initiative called which will offer the online teaching of courses free of charge to anyone in the world. Some of the features they describe on their website page are:organize and present course material to enable students to learn at their own pacefeature interactivity, online laboratories and student-to-student communicationoperate on an open-source software infrastructure in order to makeit continuously improving and readily available to other educational institutions.The program will not allow students to earn an degree. Instead,those who are able to exhibit a mastery of the subjects taught on the platform will receive an official certificate of completion. The certificate will obviously not carry the weight of a traditional diploma, but it will provide an incentive to finish the onlinematerial. According to the New York Times, in order to prevent confusion, the certificate will be a credential bearing the distinct name of a new not-for-profit body that will be created within new online platform will look to build upon the decade-long success of the university’s origi nal free online platform, OpenCourseWare (OCW), which has been used by over 100 million students and contains course material for roughly 2,100 classes. The new online program will not compete with OCW in the number of courses that it offers. However, the program will offer students a greater interactive experience.Students using the program will be able to communicate with their peers through student-to-student discussions, allowing them an opportunity to ask questions or simply brainstorm with others, while also being able to access online laboratories and self-assessments. In the future, students and faculty will be able to control which classes will be available on the system based on their interests, creating a personalized education setting.represents the next logical evolution in the mushrooming business of free online education by giving students an interactive experience as opposed to a simple videotaped lecture. Academic Earth(picked by Time Magazine as one of the 50 best websites of 2009) has cornered the market on free online education by making a smorgasbord (瑞典式自助餐；大杂烩) of online course content – from prestigious universities such as Stanford and Princeton– accessible and free to anyone in the world. Users on Academic Earth can watch lectures from some of the brightest minds our universities have to offer from the comfort of their own computer screen. However, that is all they can do: watch. Khan Academy, another notable online education site, offers a largely free interactive experience to its users through assessments and exercises, but it limits itself to K-12 education. By contrast, will combine the interactivity of the Khan Academy with the collegiate（大学的）focus of Academic Earth, while drawing primarily from advanced course material.“ has long believed that anyone in the world with the motivation and ability to engage coursework should have the opportunity to attain the best educational experience that Internet technology enables,” said President Susan Hockfield in the unive rsity’s press release. According to the university, residential students can expect to use in a different way than online-only students. For instance, the program will be used to augment on-campus course work by expanding upon what students learn in class (faculty and students will determine how to incorporate the program into their courses). The university intends to run the two programs simultaneously with no reduction in OCW offerings.。

上海交通大学继续教育学院英语B级统考复习核心词汇170题1. What a lovely party! It’s worth ____ all my life.A. rememberingB. to rememberC. to be rememberedD. being remembered2. As well as the danger from enemy action, people had to ____ with a severe shortage of food, clothing, fuel, and almost everything.A. commitB. chargeC. consistD. cope3. _______ most people in the office, I don't come to work by car.A. UnlikeB. UnlikelyC. DislikeD. Alike4. It was a(n) ____ achievement—no one has ever won the championship five times before.A. uniqueB. singleC. onlyD. sole5. We will double the number of Safer Cities Schemes to cover 40 _____ areas.A. industrialB. remoteC. ruralD. urban6. An international effort is required to cope with the ____ needs of the earthquake victims.A. universalB. urgentC. uniqueD. uneasy7. _____ of the accuracy of this fact, he stuck to his opinion.A. ConvincedB. ConvincingC. ComposedD. Composing8. Studies indicate that, when children are exposed to violence, they may become aggressive or may not feel _____.A. seniorB. sensibleC. seriousD. secure9. This post is ____ after by many college graduates.A. soughtB. lookedC. takenD. got10. Some animals are very ____ to light; they prefer the shade.A. sensibleB. subjectiveC. objectiveD. sensitive11. There's been a whole ________ of accidents on this road.A. varietyB. consequenceC. setD. series12. Doctors predicted that the baby would not survive with such ____ disabilities.A. strictB. slightC. mildD. severe13. Don't wash that sweater in the machine—it'll______.A. contractB. condenseC. shrinkD. compress14. Do you have anything ________ to this material but cheaper?A. sameB. familiarC. similarD. alike15. The professor gave us a ______ example of alcohol's effect on the body.A. specificB. sensibleC. sensitiveD. slight16. His trousers _____ when he tried to jump over the wall.A. crackedB. splitC. brokeD. burst17. The way a person is dressed may express his _____ or social position.A. curiosityB. statusC. postD. identity18. _____ while the iron is hot.A. StrikeB. HitC. BeatD. Stick19. They ____ a great deal in those difficult days.A. struckB. stuckC. sufferedD. sought20. This summer, there is _____ rain for the crops to grow.A. suitableB. efficientC. potentialD. sufficient21. A ______ meeting of OPEC leaders was called to find a solution to the oil crisis.A. peakB. superiorityC. crownD. summit22. The meeting was ______ to take place on Tuesday, but we've had to postpone it.A. supposedB. assumedC. imaginedD. guessed23. Global warming threatens the ____ of the whole human race.A. summitB. survivalC. superiorityD. status24. He has ____ Jimmy of lying for some time.A. supposedB. sustainedC. suspectedD. inspected25. The thought of seeing her again was all that ____ him.A. obtainedB. sustainedC. maintainedD. retained26. Always ______ your computer when you've finished.A. switch offB. put offC. take offD. send off27. Tian’an Men is the _____ of China.A. symbolB. signC. signalD. sympathy28. The next tax law will affect everyone, but ___ those highly-paid.A. speciallyB. particularlyC. unusuallyD. uniquely29. T here’s no ____ in arguing with him—he won’t change his mind.A. pointB. useC. endD. spot30. A kind teacher always takes a very ____ attitude when correcting students’ mistakes.A. negativeB. partialC. potentialD. positive31. Now many people prefer ____ in cities to ____ in the country.A. to live... living B. to live ...live C. living... living D. living (iv)32. A dark suit is _____ to a light one for evening wear.A. favorableB. suitableC. preferableD. proper33. Applicants for the job must have _____ experience.A. presentB. preciseC. preciousD. previous34. A ____ school is the first school you go to.A. primaryB. principalC. preciousD. previous35. Our country makes good work conditions a(n) _____.A. pioneerB. anxietyC. priorityD. variety36. Tell us your name and then ____ with your story.A. progressB. proceedC. projectD. promotereject object inject eject subject sb. to sth.37. Reforming the education system will be a difficult _____.A. procedureB. processC. progressD. procession38. The government is taking some measures to ___ better understanding between the two countries.A. raiseB. promoteC. heightenD. increase39. It is proposed that the manager ____ on business in person.A. goesB. goC. is goingD. went40. You shouldn’t ____ seeing the doctor once and again.A. put off=postponeB. put upC. put downD. put out41. You have to ____ a lot of inconvenience living with several roommates.A. end up withB. keep up withC. come up withD. put up with42. The car has always been properly ____.A. remainedB. retainedC. sustainedD. maintained43. I don't mind ______ the decision as long as it is not too late.A. you to delay makingB. your delaying makingC. your delaying to makeD. you delay to make44. He is not in the ______ for jokes at the moment.A. moodB. temperC. mindD. patience45. His secretary had _______ to double-check the correspondence files.A. neglectedB. ignoredC. disregardedD. overloaded46. He completely _____ all these facts as though they never existed.A. avoidedB. missedC. ignoredD. rejected47. New duties were ____ on wines and spirits.A. imposedB. informedC. impressedD. intended48. They look similar ____ they’re both tall and slender with long hair.A. now thatB. in thatC. so thatD. out that49. We are _______ that the exam will be held next month.A. formedB. notedC. informedD. noticed50. She ____ why he had not thought of that before.A. requiredB. requestedC. inquiredD. acquired51. He didn’t ______ to cause so much unhappiness.A. extendB. intendC. attendD. tend52. I have kept a record of informal=casual conversations _____ some 300 students from at least twenty-one colleges and universities.A. countingB. coveringC. figuringD. involving53. Your natural hair color begins to ______ as you grow older, and eventually go gray.A. disappearB. fadeC. faintD. fail54. I nearly _____ when they told me the price.A. fadedB. figuredC. focusedD. fainted55. I am not _____ with the school since I’m a freshman.A. familiarB. clearC. similarD. known56. In New York City, the taxi ____ is very high.A. tuition feeB. fareC. payD. cost57. I suffered from mental ____ because of stress from my job.A. damageB. releaseC. reliefD. fatigue58. It is evident that the situation will develop in a direction _____ to us.A. suitableB. properC. favoriteD. favorable59. Round-the-clock service is the store’s _____.A. featureB. signC. markD. nature60. Last night he saw two dark __ enter the building, and then there was the explosion.A. featuresB. figuresC. formsD. images61. We need to __ public attention on the problem of transportation during rush hours.A. aimB. directC. focusD. lead62. ___ their cultural differences, they cooperated quite well.A. But forB. For allC. Above allD. Except for63. While writing a report, you have to write in a(n) _____ way.A. informalB. formalC. formerD. foremost64. Will you ____, or do I have to come to the shop to collect the goods?A. deliverB. disposeC. displayD. distract65. That young man still denies ________ the fire behind the store.A. to startB. having startedC. startD. to have starteddeny sb sth=deny sth to sbHe denied me the opportunity to go abroad.66. We will ____ great benefit from this technique.A. absorbB. deriveC. deserveD. distract67. He is hardworking and certainly _____ the honor.A. reservesB. discoversC. dissolvesD. deserves68. This issue will be discussed in ____ in Chapter 5.A. orderB. detailC. returnD. secret69. They are ____ to show that they have a good attitude and the ability to succeed.A. decidedB. intendedC. settledD. determined70. It is impossible to read by the ____ light of the fire.A. darkB. deepC. dimD. black71. ____ his sister, Jack is quiet and does not easily make friends with others.A. DislikeB. UnlikeC. AlikeD. Liking72. —Where shall we spend our holiday? —At your _____.A. approvalB. survivalC. disposalD. arrival73. Small children cannot ____ right from wrong.A. distractB. distinguishC. determineD. define74. Jane ____ on me after supper.A. held upB. called upC. dropped inD. turned up75. Although it is already spring, some hills are still ___.A. blankB. hollowC. vacantD. bare76. Remember that customers don't ___ about prices in that city.A. debateB. consultC. quarrelD. bargain77. Not only the students but also the teachers will ____ from the new facilities.A. awardB. belongC. benefitD. reward78. The car ___ halfway for no reason.A. broke upB. broke downC. broke inD. broke out79. I was ____ by my grandmother in Beijing.A. brought upB. brought outC. brought aboutD. brought forward80. your help, we would not have succeeded in the examination.A. For allB. Except forC. But forD. Despite81. Mr. Brown said that he did not want to __ any further responsibilities.A. take inB. take toC. take upD. take on82. The new appointment of our president _____ from the very beginning of next semester. A. takeseffect B. takes part C. takes place D. takes turns83. Frequently single-parent children ________ some of the functions that the absent adult in thehouse would have served.A. take offB. take afterC. take inD. take on84. Tom doesn't know what to ___ at college; he can't make up his mind about his future. A. take inB. take upC. take overD. take after85. Whenever a big company ______ a small one, the product almost always gets worse. A. gets on with B. cuts down C. takes over D. puts up with86. Young children _____ to get sick more often than adults.A. tendB. intendC. promoteD. lead87. I'm not going to _______ an invitation to go to New York!A. turn upB. turn outC. turn toD. turn down88. You may turn ______ him for help at any time.A. toB. overC. onD. up89. None of us expected the chairman to ___ at the party. We thought he was still in hospital. A. turn in B. turn over C. turn up D. turn down90. I waited for him half an hour, but he never ________.A. turned inB. turned downC. turned offD. turned up91. It is ____ of her to forget.A. specificB. typicalC. sensibleD. effective92. He's in hospital, _____ from a heart attack.A. deliveringB. recoveringC. uncoveringD. discovering93. Don't always _____ a dictionary when you encounter a new word.A. look outB. make outC. refer toD. go over94. Physical exercise is a good way of ____ stress.A. transferring transform transit transportation transmit transplantB. deliveringC. increasingD. releasing95. The spokesman made the ______ when commenting on the strike.A. remarkB. reviewC. rescueD. reward96. They _______ the permanent staff with part-timers.A. substitutedB. removedC. remainedD. replaced97. On his map this mark _______ a river.A. showsB. meansC. indicatesD. represents98. We’d like to _______ a table for five for dinner this evening.A. preserveB. retainC. reserveD. sustain99. The experts were employed to _____ the flooded paintings.A. maintainB. mendC. patchD. restore100. It's increasingly difficult to recruit and ______ good staff.A. stayB. reserveC. maintainD. retain101. The residents there firmly _____ a highway nearby.A. objected to buildingB. were objected to buildingC. objected to buildD. were objected to build102. Can I ____ the introduction materials at your office?A. acquireB. deriveC. attendD. obtain103. There are _____ two educations: one teaches us how to make a living and the other how to live.A. previouslyB. preciouslyC. curiouslyD. obviously104. I'm very sorry to have bothered you with so many questions on such a(n) ____ .A. chanceB. opportunityC. occasionD. situation105. It suddenly ____ to me that I should pay more visits to my grandparents as they are growing old day after day.A. took placeB. happenedC. occurredD. arose106. A wise man will make more _____ than he finds.A. chancesB. opportunitiesC. occasionsD. opposition107. The committee is totally opposed _____ any changes being made in the plan.A. ofB. onC. toD. against108. In no country ____ Britain, it has been said, can one experience four seasons in the course of a single day.A. other thanB. more thanC. better thanD. rather than109. The importance of a broad education should not be ____.A. overtakenB. overheardC. overlookedD. overload110. The offices are conveniently ______ in the center of the town.A. locatedB. placedC. liedD. situating111. I _____ receiving your reply as soon as possible.A. look forward toB. look back onC. look up toD. look into112. They took ___ measures to prevent poisonous gases from escaping.A. fruitfulB. beneficialC. validD. effective113. The child may at first become even less _____ and then show some improvement.A. validB. abundantC. efficientD. fruitful114. The teacher should ___ the students in intensive and extensive practice of the item. A. engage B. require C. urge D. appeal115. The moon _____ from behind the clouds.A. exposedB. enhancedC. extendedD. emerged submerge116. A fire engine must have priority as it usually has to deal with some kind of .A. agencyB. tendencyC. emergencyD. urgency117. The microscope ___ small objects to be observed.A. entitlesB. enablesC. endangersD. encounters118. We must always ____ to improve our work.A. endeavorB. endureC. enforceD. enhance119. Schools must ___ the educational success of all students.A. endureB. assureC. ensureD. secure120. This ticket ____ you to a free meal in our new restaurant.A. givesB. grantsC. entitlesD. ensures121. I ___ him his freedom to do or say what he wanted.A. extendedB. offendedC. annoyedD. envied122. Supplies of this commodity greatly ___ the demand.A. overcomeB. excelC. passD. exceed123. I’d like to ___ this blue shirt for a yellow one.A. chargeB. replaceC. ensureD. exchange124. They _____ people under 18 from joining the club.A. excludedB. explodedC. exploredD. exported125. Do not ____ your skin to the sun too much.A. expressB. extendC. expandD. expose126. Can you ____ your visit for a few days more?A. enlargeB. expandC. exploreD. extend127. I agree with you _____ some extent.A. fromB. withC. toD. for128. You have nothing to _____ by refusing to listen to our advice.A. gainB. graspC. seizeD. earn129. I have a _____ idea of what I want to express.A. generousB. generalC. regularD. widespread130. He made a ______ contribution to the university.A. generalB. modestC. generousD. ambitious131. It is essential for a teacher to have a ____ capacity for sympathy.A. generalB. trueC. genuineD. right132. The authorities have refused to _____ him a visa to visit the US.A. entitleB. promiseC. grantD. present133. The Car Club couldn't ___ to meet the demands of all its members.A. assumeB. ensureC. guaranteeD. confirm134. Some government leaders ____ their authority to get illegal profits for themselves. A. abuseB. accuseC. accessD. absorb135. Only a few people have _____ to the full facts of the incident.A. accessB. chanceC. contactD. path136. The final will ____ 70% of your grade in the course, and the midterm 30%.A. account forB. call forC. argue forD. apply for137. The shop assistant was dismissed as she was ____ of cheating customers.A. accusedB. chargedC. scoldedD. punished138. If people feel hopeless, they don’t bother to the skills they need to succeed. A. adoptB. acquireC. accumulateD. assemble139. The old couple decided to ____ a boy and a girl though they had three children of their own. A.adapt B. bring C. receive D. adopt140. I don’t think we’ll be able to ______ any travel.A. provideB. affordC. supplyD. offer141. My brother’s plans are very _______; he wants to master English, French and Spanish before he is sixteen.A. attractiveB. aggressiveC. ambitiousD. amusing142. Much as he likes her, he does get _____ with her sometimes.A. amazedB. annoyedC. amusedD. alarmed143. We ____ hearing from you again.A. participateB. anticipateC. predictD. suppose144. We had a very pleasant time ________ the severe weather.A. with regard toB. in the event ofC. in addition toD. apart from145. Before you buy a household ____, talk to a friend who owns one.A. deviceB. applianceC. equipmentD. facility146. Neither of the young men who had _____ for a position in the university was accepted. A. assigned B. appointed C. applied D. supplied147. Those gifts of rare books that were given to us were deeply ___.A. appreciatedB. approvedC. appealedD. applied148. The traditional ____ to dealing with complex problems is to break them down into smaller, more easily managed problems.A. wayB. meansC. methodD. approach149. Committee would ____ the regulations and put them into effect as soon as possible. A. allowB. permitC. approveD. appoint150. That problem did not _____.A. ariseB. arouseC. raiseD. rise151. Why do you ____ that I'm angry?A. assureB. anticipateC. assumeD. amuse152. As one of the world’s highest paid models, she had her face___ for five million dollars. A. assumed B. assured C. ensured D. insured153. Please ____ a recent photograph to your application form.A. fastenB. attachC. linkD. attempt154. We’ve prepared so carefully for the examination that we can be sure of passing it at our first _____. A. approach B. attempt C. purpose D. desire155. Send your applications with your student records to the universities you hope to ____. A. attendB. participateC. attachD. belong156. Convenience foods are _____ in supermarkets.A. avoidableB. approachableC. favorableD. available157. Professors should ___ repeating in lectures material that is in the textbook.A. avoidB. preventC. refuseD. prohibit158. Examinations are set and degrees are ____ by the university.A. rewardedB. approvedC. suppliedD. awarded159. Teachers should be ___, at all times, that their feedback can greatly affect their students. A. accused B. aware C. assured D. annoyed160. A well-written composition _____ good choice of words and clear organization among other things.A. calls onB. calls forC. calls upD. calls off161. As there were no air tickets available, we had to _____ our trip for the moment.A. postponeB. contractC. delayD. cancel162. How much are you going to _____ me for repairing this bike?A. requestB. chargeC. costD. require163. She was complaining that the doctor was _____ too much for the treatment.A. expendingB. offeringC. costingD. charging164. I _____ an old friend on the train yesterday.A. came acrossB. came onC. came outD. came to165. We must ______ a cure for the disease as soon as possible.A. put up withB. catch up withC. keep up withD. come up with166. The committee _______ men of widely different views.A. composesB. containsC. comprisesD. consists167. We should ______ on the task before us.A. copeB. contrastC. concentrateD. comprise168. Metals _____ in cold weather.A. reduceB. contractC. shrinkD. dissolve169. ______ to your belief that we will fail, I am confident that we will succeed.A. On the contraryB. In shortC. In contrastD. By contrast170. Science and technology have ______ in important ways to the improvement of agricultural production.A. attachedB. assistedC. contributedD. stuck。

2023年高考英语模拟试卷注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。

回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．How come? I can’t find my key. I just left it ________ it had bee n.A．where B．whichC．when D．how2．Never turn down a job because you think it’s too small. You don’t know _____ it can lead.A．how B．whereC．whether D．what3．The solution to a problem，we are told，often comes to thinkers in a "flash of ________"．A．inspiration B．insightC．invitation D．innovation4．A survey suggests that the royal wedding of Prince William and Kate Middleton _____ a great boost for British economy because a large number of visitors are expected to go.A．will be B．has been C．was D．be5．--- Hello, Tom. This is Mary speaking.--- What a coincidence! I_________ about you.A．just thought B．was just thinkingC．have just thought D．would just think6．if I had arrived yesterday without letting you know beforehand?A．Would you be surprised B．Were you surprisedC．Had you been surprised D．Would you have been surprised7．Keep up your spirits even if you _____ fail hundreds of times.A．must B．needC．may D．should8．The real reason why prices ____ , and still are, too high is complex, and no short discussion can satisfactorily explain this problem.A．were B．will beC．have been D．had been9．---What does PM 2. 5 mean？---It's a professional_____________ indicating the condition of air pollution.A．number B．markC．term D．item10．Among the young people, there is a growing tendency _____ money more highly than quality of life. A．regarding B．to regarding C．to regard D．regarded11．Even a small personal computer store vast amounts of information.A．might B．canC．ought to D．has to12．How long do you suppose it is ________________ he arrived and began to work there？A．when B．beforeC．after D．since13．lt was in December, 2018 ________ Chairman Xi and President Trump met in Argentina.A．when B．thatC．before D．since14．—I will pick you up at 7 o’clock tomorrow morning. Is that all right?—________. See you then.A．I’d love to.B．That’s settled.C．It’s up to you D．My pleasure15．Children are likely to ________ some bad habits when playing the piano if they don’t have proper lessons. A．keep up B．catch upC．pick up D．give up16．Since many former drug abusers have psychological problems, they often need support groups _________ they can talk about their struggles and find new ways to manage in the world.A．which B．whatC．where D．when17．．Although it in the desert most of the year, people still live there．A．doesn’t rain B．didn’t rain C．hasn’t rained D．hadn’t rained18．The reason why he adapted to the new situations quickly is that he had a ________ attitude.A．changeable B．stable C．movable D．flexible19．New ideas sometimes have to wait for years before _____.A．being fully accepting B．fully accepting C．having fully accepted D．fully accepted20．—Oh, Hannah just told me that she was unable to translate the report into English.—________？She once spent 10 years living in London.A．Guess what B．Why not C．So what D．How come第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

2022年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试上海英语冲刺押题试卷（一）I.Listening Comprehension Section A （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分）Section ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heardA. At the airport.B. In a theatre.C. In a ticket office.D. At a hotel.A. Attend a party.B. Go camping.C. Decorate a house.D. Rent a tent3. A. 2. B. 3. C. 5. D. 10.B.The The postcard has been lost B.The local post office is dosed.D.Thee man will go to the post office. D.The woman is expecting a postcard.5.A.B.Leaveme new equipment B.Leave the equipment as they are.C. Watch what the woman is doing.D. Finish his wort as quickly ?s possible.6.A. Work on the assignment with a classmateB.Talk to an advisor about dropping the course.C.Spend more time working on maths problems.D.Ask a graduate assistant for help.7.A. Go home to get a book.B. Return a book to the library.C.Pick up a book at the library for the woman.D. Ask the librarian for help in finding a book.8.A. She wishes she hadn't ordered the dish.B.She doesn't usually eat in the cafeteria.C.The cafeteria usually uses canned vegetables.D.The dish usually contains fewer vegetables.9.A. Students still have time to apply for a Ion.B.Students must wait until next month to apply for a loan.C.The woman should find out whether her loan application was accepted.D.The woman should ask for an extension on the application deadline.10.A. She didn't want to stay at the Gordon.B.Her hotel is far from the conference centre.C.She isn’t sure how to get to the Apple Gales.D.The man should consider moving to another hotelSection BDirections: In Section B. you will hear two short passages several and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of them. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11.A.To make some physical samples of the wine to be tasted.B.To reach an agreement on how certain flavors smell.C. To coin some descriptive terms for certain flavors.D.To find a room that is lit with red light.12. A. It helps people distinguish different flavors.B. It is composed of wheels of different sizes.C. It exposes users to fruity flavors alone.D. It divides flavors into two categories.A.TheA.The standard procedure of wine-testingB.The wide use of the Aroma Wheel.C. The at-home wine-testing test.D.The fun sensory world.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. He read about it the day before.B.One of the students asked him about it.C. He had just read Dr. Frederick Cock's travel log.D.The students were required to read about it.15.A. Peary wasn’t an experienced explorer.B.He had reached the pole before Peary did.C, Peary had announced his success too early.D.The investigation of Peary's trip wasn't thorough.16.A.They interviewed Peary.B.They talked to one of Peary's companions.C. They examined Peary's tools used for the voyage.D. They conducted a computer analysis of photographs. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17.A. A new source of fuel oil.B. An alternative use of fuel oil.C. A way to make fuel oil less pollutingD. A new method for locating underground oil.18. A.She was doing research for a paper on itB.She was told about it by her roommate.C. She read a newspaper article about it.D. She heard about it in class.19.A.To produce a gas containing carbon and hydrogenB. To heat the reactors to a proper temperature.C.To prevent dangerous gases from forming.D.To remove impurities from methanol20. A.It hasn't been fully tested.B. It is quite expensive.D.It produces harmful gases.C.It uses up scarce minerals.II.Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分）Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Titanic II Could Sail as Soon as 2022If you thought the long-delayed project to launch a full-size copy of the ill-fated Royal Mail Ship Titanic was sunk in the water—think again. Just like Celine Dion sang back in 1997, the travel project will “go on and on.”Australian businessman and politician Clive Palmer, who is behind the initiative, 21 (announce) in September that work on the ship had started again. The idea was first floated in 2012. It is said that the new ship will be an exact copy of the infamous ship, 22 sank in 1912 following a crash with an iceberg23 (avoid) a repeat disaster, Titanic II will apparently be equipped with plenty of life boats, modern navigation and radar equipment. The first voyage, however, will take passengers from Dubai to New York, reports CruiseArabia, with the first sailing 24 (schedule) to take place in 2022. Blue Star Line says the nine-decked ship will be home to 835 cabins, and 2,435 passengers 25 ( accommodate) . You’ll be able to buy first-, second- and third-class tickets—just like in the original.Meanwhile tourists with plenty of money 26 soon have the chance to dive to the wreck of the original Titanic. American company Ocean Gate has planned diving trips for 2019, costing $105,129 per person.Of course, the original Titanic voyage ended in tragedy, with over 1,500 people 27 (lose) their lives. For many, voyages to the original ship are in bad taste. Steve Sims, founder of The Bluefish, said earlier in 2018 that he doesn’t see diving to the original one 28 inappropriate.Realistically, it’s gloomy 29 Titanic II will ever see the light of day—or whether the diving tours will happen soon. 30 one thing is for certain, more than 100 years after the Titanic’s first and only voyage, global interest in this ship shows no sign of slowing down.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you needp anese firms encourage daytime napsImagine working for an employer who, aware that you’re probably not sleeping enough at night, allows you to down tools and nap as part of your regular work ___31___ -- and not just forty winks at your desk, but a restorative snooze in a quiet room.These are some of the measures being used by a growing number of companies in Japan to counter an epidemic of sleeplessness that costs its economy a(n) ___32___ $ 138 bn a year.Tech startups have been quickest to ___33___the “sleep debt” among irritable and unproductive employees. Last year, Nextbeat, an TT service provider, went as far as setting up two “strategic sleeping rooms” -- one for men, the other for women -- at its headquarters in Tokyo. The aroma-infused rooms ___34___ devices that block out background noise, allowing workers to stretch out on sofas for a(n) ___35___ nap. Mobile phones, tablets and laptops are banned“Napping can do as much to improve someone’s ___36___as a balanced diet a nd exercise,” Emiko Sumikawa, a member of the Nextbeat board, told Kyodo news agency.Nextbeat also asks employees to leave work by 9 pm and to avoid doing excessive overtime, which has been ___37___ for a rising rate of death from overwork.Japanese workers have more reason than most to submit to （服从）the ___38___ for a daytime snooze, whether at work or during long commutes.A survey conducted using fitness trackers in 28 countries found that Japanese men and women sleep, on average, just 6 hours and 35 minutes a night -- 45 minutes less than the international average -- making them the most sleep-deprived of all. Estonians, Canadians, Belgians, Austrians, as well as the Dutch and French, all get a comparatively decent night’s sleep, according to the survey.The government has also come to appreciate the ___39___ of a well-rested workforce, with the healthministry recommending that all working-age people take a nap of up to 30 minutes in the early afternoon -- advice ___40___ embraced by some of the country’s politiciansIII.Reading Comprehension (41 – 55题，每题1分；56 – 70题，每题2分；共45分)Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Do you remember how you felt the first time you rode bike? What about your first heartbreak? ____41____ moments and the emotions they arouse can resonate in our minds for decades, powerfully shaping who we are as individuals. But for those who experience severe trauma(创伤), such painful memories can leave people with life-changing mental conditions. So, what if traumatic memories did not have to cause so much ___42___ ? For now, the work is happening in mice.Neuroscientists usually define a singular memory as an engram---a physical change in brain tissue ____43____ a particular recollection. While at MIT in 2013, Steve Ramirez of Boston University and his research partner Xu Liu had a breakthrough: They were able to target the cells that ___44___ one engram in a mouse's brain and then implant a false memory. In their work, mice ___45___ in fear to a particular stimulus even when they had not been conditioned in advance.In their current work, Ramirez and his colleagues are investigating whether ___46___ memories can be “overwritten” by positive ones. In their experiments, positive memories are created by putting male mice in cages with female ones for an hour, and negative memories are created by putting the mice in cages that deliver brief foot shocks. After a surgical operation on the mice, the researchers find that ___47___ positive memories while mouse is in a cage makes it less fearful. They think that this memory “retraining"may be helping to ___48___ some of the mouse's trauma. ___49___ , it is unclear whether those original fear memories are completely lost or just suppressed(抑制).___50___ Ramirez’s team stresses that their work in mice is preliminary, they see treatment potential for humans down the road. Those suffering from PTSD or depression could have their memories ___51___ , for instance, so that they don't have a strong ___52___ response to painful recollections.If it’s one day possible to alter human memory, who should be allowed to receive that treatment? And would the ___53___ system be at a disadvantage if key witnesses and victims cannot remember a crime? These are questions New York University bioethicist Arthur Caplan says are worth thinking about before the technology is ready for human clinical settings.As neuroscientists progress with their research, they say these ___54___ issues are being taken intoaccount. Ramirez sees the idea of ___55___ memories as neither good nor bad. Like water, it just depends on how you use it.41. A. Forgettable B. Memorable C. Sustainable D. Believable42. A. dignity B. struggle C. pain D. movement43. A. associated with B. exchanged for C. sentenced to D. deprived of44. A. put off B. pick up C. turn on D. make up45. A. reacted B. hurried C. stunned D. resolved46. A. short-term B. negative C. enjoyable D. reliable47. A. deleting B. decreasing C. activating D. pausing48. A. recreate B. eliminate C. liberate D. memorize49. A. Therefore B. Besides C. Indeed D. However50. A. Since B. Unless C. Until D. While51. A. removed B. strengthened C. altered D. stimulated52. A. emotional B. physical C. controversial D. mechanical53. A. immune B. justice C. medical D. commerce54. A. mental B. ethical C. criminal D. equality55. A. killing B. multiplying C. controlling D. justifyingSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read(A)Peggy, an old border collie (柯利牧羊犬), was signed over to the RSPCA (皇家防止虐待动物协会) after her handler could no longer communicate with her. He thought she could no longer work because she was not able to hear whistles or voice commands.However, after being handed to the RSPCA, Peggy was taken in by Chloe Shorten, an animal welfare manager from the organization ’s mid-Norfolk and north Suffolk branch.Shorten, 28, and her husband Jason, 34, a shepherd, taught Peggy to understand hand signals and body language. The couple trained Peggy with the help of a sheepdog trainer and their two other working dogs, Sid and Nora.Shorten said: “We completely fell in love with Peggy almost immediately, and it soon became clear thatshe wouldn't be going anywhere. We knew Peggy wanted to be working, so we started the long process of teaching her how to herd and work with a shepherd without relying on voice commands."The couple began by training Peggy to look at them to receive hand signals. “We used repetitive and positive reinforcement and instead of pairing a verbal c ommand with an action we’d use a hand gesture. She reads our hand signals and body language as a way of telling what we’re asking for. For example, thumbs up means ‘good girl'. A flat, outstretched palm means ‘stop'.Shorten and her husband point in a certain direction to indicate where they want Peggy to go and pat their knees to summon her back to them. To ask her to slow down, Shorten said she does a waving gesture.Peggy is not working full-time but enjoys helping out in the fields. “It can be difficult with a deaf dog, because you have to wave at her to get her attention, and sometimes she doesn’t realize straight away," she said. “But she' s such a happy little dog. She' s no spring chicken, and she is generally retired, but she loves going out to work with us and running around in the fields."56. What do we learn about Peggy from the passage?A. Peggy was transferred from her former owner to RSPCA for her old age.B. Peggy was trained without the aid of other dogs.C. Peggy was adopted by the couple shortly after the couple met her.D. Peggy is full of energy and now is working all day long.21教育网57. How did the couple train Peggy to understand their hand signals and body language?A. By applying repeated and positive reinforcementB. By paring a verbal command with an action.C. By patting their knees.D. By doing a waving gesture.58. What is the meaning of the underlined part in Paragraph 7?A. not deafB. not youngC. not energeticD. not positive59. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Sign language is of importance to training dogs to herd.B. How RSPCA rescues the abandoned dogs and sends them to some families.C. How Shorten and Jason teach deaf dogs to herd and work with a shepherd.D. An elderly deaf sheepdog is now working again after learning sign language.(B)With the fragrance industry expected to be worth an enormous $92 billion by 2024, there is big money to be made from scents. As the fashion and marketing industry moves away from targeting men and women and onto a more inclusive, non-gendered approach, fragrance companies are doing the exact same-creating products that can be worn happily by all genders. The smells we’re drawn to are inherently universal, across all genders and including all noses. With this in mind, we tested our noses against three of the brands that have made a play for gender neutrality.60. The purpose of paragraph 1 is ______.A. to analyze how smells influence usB. to sell the idea of non-gendered fragranceC. to inform the readers of a latest fashion trendD. to justify the development of fragrance industry2·1·c·n·j·y61 The common feature of Escentric Molecules and Clean Reserve is ______.A. practical and simple packagingB. sustainable packaging made from woodC. a soft and light scentD. smelling totally different on every user62. For a customer who prefer strong mature smells that lasts a whole day, which product should he choose?A. Molecule 01.B. Rain.C. Samphire.D. Atlas.(C)Types of Social GroupsLife places us in a complex web of relationships with other people. Our humanness arises out of these relationships in the course of social interaction. Moreover, our humanness must be sustained through social interaction -- and fairly constantly so. When an association continues long enough for two people to become linked together by a relatively stable set of expectations, it is called a relationship.People are bound within relationships by two types of bonds: expressive ties and instrumental ties. Expressive ties are social links formed when we emotionally invest ourselves in and commit ourselves to other people. Through association with people who are meaningful to us, we achieve a sense of security, love, acceptance, companionship, and personal worth. Instrumental ties are social links focused when we cooperate with other people to achieve some goal.Occasionally, this may mean working with, instead of against, competitors. More often, we simply cooperate with others to reach some end without endowing the relationship with any larger significance.Sociologists have built on the distinction between expressive and instrumental ties to distinguish between two types of groups: primary and secondary. A primary group involves two or more people who enjoy a direct, intimate, cohesive relationship with one another. Expressive ties predominate in primary groups: we view the people as ends in themselves and valuable in their own right. A secondary group entails two or more people who are involved in an impersonal relationship and have come together for a specific, practical purpose. Instrumental ties predominate in secondary groups ; we perceive people as means to ends rather than as ends in their own right. sometimes primary group relationships evolve out of secondary group relationships. Thishappens in many work settings. People on the job often develop close relationships with coworkers as they come to share gripes, jokes, gossip, and satisfactions.A number of conditions enhance the likelihood that primary groups will arise. First, group size is important. We find it difficult to get to know people personally when they are milling about and dispersed in large groups. In small groups we have a better chance to initiate contact and establish rapport with them. Second, face - to - face contact allows us to size up others. Seeing and talking with one another in close physical proximity makes possible a subtle exchange of ideas and feelings. And third, the probability that we will develop primary group bonds increases as we have frequent and continuous contact. Our ties with people often deepen as we interact with them across time and gradually evolve interlocking habits and interests.Primary groups are fundamental to us and to society. Sociologists view primary groups as bridges between individuals and the larger society because they transmit, mediate, and interpret a society’s cultural patterns and provide the sense of oneness so critical for social solidarity. Primary groups, then serve both as carriers of social norms and as enforcers of them.63. According to Paragraph 1, which of the following statements is true of a relationship?A. It is a structure of associations with many people.B. It should be studied in the course of social interaction.C. It places great demands on people.D. It develops gradually over time.64. Which of the followi ng can be inferred from the author’s claim in paragraph 4 that primary group relationships sometimes evolve out of secondary group relationships?A. Secondary group relationships begin by being primary group relationships.B. A secondary group relationship that is highly visible quickly becomes a primary group relationship.C. Sociologists believe that only primary group relationships are important to society.D. Even in secondary groups, frequent communication serves to bring people into close relationships.65. The phrase “size up” in paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to “________”.A. enlargeB. evaluateC. impressD. accept66. This passage is developed primarily by ________.A. drawing comparisons between theory and practiceB. presenting two opposing theoriesC defining important conceptsD. discussing causes and their effectsSection CDirections: Read the following passages. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. EachTo Wear or Not to WearAfter a strict head teacher in the U.K. sent 80 students home for uniform violations, the Guardian held a discussion about whether wearing school uniforms makes a difference.School uniform is very important. It does improve my concentration, because it reminds me that I’m at school to learn. But I’m not sure if that’s because I’m used to wearing uniform and associate my own clothes with free time.____67___If everyone is wearing the same clothes, it’s impossible to make fun of other people’s clothing. I don’t think this ignores a child’s need to express t hemselves.-- David Hershman, a student at Stafford grammar school ___68___Students should start school with no uniform. As they progress through the school, they start wearing it. I always think children need to be proud of their school, and uniform is important for that. So, make them earn it! If they let the school down, they shouldn’t be allowed to wear it. Look at the Marines（海军陆战队）they can’t wait to get that beret（贝雷帽）.--Tim Francis, a former teacherI have had experience of teaching in both uniform and non-uniform schools. I can definitely see the benefits of students wearing uniform. Uniform can be important in creating a sense of school identity and community. It is often a source of collective pride for students.__69_ Teaching students how to express themselves with confidence, rather than the length of their tie, should be the priority.--Enayah Byramjee, an educational development director In a perfect world, school uniform would not exist. Children would express their personalities through their clothes at school, just as they do at home. School wouldn’t impress on pupils the need to wear skirts to a certain length. We don’t live in a perfect world, however.___70___My house is often filled with uniform-wearing girls. The best thing about uniform, for me as a parent, is the simplicity.--Joanna Moorhead, a mother of fourIV. Summary Writing (10分)Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.The protection provided by COVID-19 vaccines declines after four to six months, a large United Kingdom study has found. Researchers from health science company ZOE, a spin-out from King’s College London, recently have found that a full course of the Pfizer vaccine was 88 percent effective at preventing infection after one month, and this protection fell to 74 percent after five to six months.Tim Spector, a professor of genetic epidemiology who led the research, said that the data is broadly consistent with various other studies on COVID-19 vaccine efficacy over time, including a recent survey from Oxford University that found protection from the Pfizer and AstraZeneca jabs against the Delta variant weakened within three months.However, Simon Clarke, an associate professor in microbiology at Reading University, who was not involved in the research, said the claim that protection may dip below 50 percent this year “is not based on any strong analysis of data” and seems “more like a finger in the air prediction”.“Immunity is a complex process and we cannot assume people’s immunity will fade at a uniform rate over time,” Clarke said.Peter English, a former chairman of the British Medical Association’s Public Health Medicine Committee, who was not involved in the research, said that the data is limited as it did not provide information about vaccine efficacy at preventing severe disease.“There is a world of difference between efficacy against, on the one hand, any infection and on the o ther hand, illness severe enough to require hospitalization, critical care, or to cause death,” English said.Spector said that, in light of the new research, “we urgently need to make plans for vaccine boosters”, or third shots aimed at combating fading immunity. He told the BBC that these shots should be reserved for certain groups, and that a widespread booster campaign would be a “huge waste” and “ethically dubious”.__________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________V. Translation (第1-2句，每句3分；第3句，4分；第4句5分；共15分)Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.适度饮食、少熬夜、多养身能有效改善中年人日益下降的健康状况。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-上海交通大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Plastic bags are useful for holding many kinds of food （） their cleanness, toughness and low cost.问题1选项A.by virtue ofB.by means ofC.at sight ofD.by way of【答案】A【解析】介词词义辨析。

by virtue of"由于, 凭借";by means of "用, 依靠";at sight of "一看见";by way of "经由, 当作"。

句意：塑料袋可用来装各种食品, 因为它清洁、耐用又价廉。

选项A符合句意。

2.单选题Helen Keller's work gave comfort and encouragement to other handicapped people who （） might have led a hopeless life.问题1选项A.thereforeB.thusC.orD.otherwise【答案】D【解析】考查逻辑关系。

句意：海伦•凯勒的工作是给其他残疾人以安慰和鼓励, 否则他们可能会过着绝望的生活。

前后构成转折关系,选项D正确。

3.单选题Despite his unsuccessful career, he was （） to think that he at least had a warm family to turn to.问题1选项A.conferredB.consoledC.confessedD.convinced【答案】B【解析】动词辨析题。

conferred授予，商议；consoled安慰，慰藉；confessed坦白，承认；convinced 使确信，说服。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-上海交通大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题In a supermarket, all commodities are open to customers who can select what they need （） . 问题1选项A.with their easeB.at their easeC.at their easinessD.with their easiness【答案】B【解析】考查固定搭配。

at one' s ease是固定短语,意为"没有拘束的"。

句意：在超市里, 所有的商品都对顾客开放, 顾客可以自由选择他们需要的东西。

2.单选题The color and smell of water in these rivers（） itself how serious the pollution is but many people are still ignoring he fact.问题1选项A.illustratesB.demonstratesC.manifestsD.exemplifies 【答案】C【解析】近义词辨析题。

manifest oneself "显现, 显露";illustrate "说明, 阐明";demonstrate "举行示威游行（或集会）;说明";exemplify"例示，举例证明"。

句意：这些河水的颜色和气味表明了污染的严重性，但是许多人仍然忽视了这个事实。

选项C更恰当。

3.单选题She （） and lowered her head when she couldn't answer the question in the presence of her classmates.问题1选项A.refutedB.defiedC.contradictedD.disputed【答案】B【解析】动词词义辨析。

《大学英语》期末测试上海交通大学2021~2022学年第一学期题I.Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers.Choose the one thatbest completes the statement and put the letter in the bracket.(30%)1.Grammarians insist that a word be a __________form that can function in a sentence.()A.smallrgeC.fixedD.free2.In the earliest stage of English,the written form of a word should ________that of the oralform.()A.agree withB.disagree withC.be the same asD.be different from3.____________consists of technical terms used in particular disciplines and academic areas as inmedicine,mathematics,etc.()A.TerminologyB.JargonC.SlangD.Argot4.Social,economic and political changes bring about such new words as the followingsEXCEPT_________.()A.fast food dinnerC.Mao jacketsD.Watergate5.Reviving archaic words also contributes to the growth of English vocabulary.For instance,“loan”,which was prevalent in the thirteenth century,was replaced by “__________”in American English.()A.ownB.letC.rentD.lend6.If we say that Old English was a language of __________endings,Middle English was one ofleveled endings.()A.fullB.shortC.longD.paralleled7.The plural morpheme“-s”is pronounced as /z/in the following words EXCEPT______________.()A.bottlesB.eggs班级：___________姓名：______________得分：_______________—————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————C.zoosD.maps8.There is/are_____________free morphemic word(s)in the following words:wind,man, reddish,collection.()A.lB.2C.3D.49.The following words have inflectional affixes EXCEPT____________.()A.likesB.dislikeC.likingD.liked10.The most productive means of word-formation are the following EXCEPT_______________.() A.affixation B.blendingpoundingD.conversion11.Prefixes generally do not change the__________of the stem.()A.meaningB.formC.word classD.pronunciation12.The word“dorm”is formed by_________clipping.()A.backB.frontC.phraseD.front and back13.The word“reading-lamp”is_______motivated.()A.onomatopoeicallyB.morphologicallyC.semanticallyD.etymologically14.The synonymous pair of“ask－question”has the same___________.()A.motivationB.valueC.functionD.concept15.In the sentence“East or west,home is best”,“home”has its__________meaning of“family, safety,love”,etc.()A.grammaticalB.connotativeC.stylisticD.collocative16.Semantically,a word which is related to other words is related to them in____________。

大学英语B10一、交际英语1.- What do you think of the new mobile phone model?- _________A.It goes very fast.B.It travels very fast.C.It is very expensive.D.It walks very slowly.答案：C2.- What day is today?- _________A.It's March 6.B.It's a fine day today.C.It's March.D.It's Monday.答案：D3.- Excuse me, how much is the jacket?- It's 499 Yuan. ________A.Oh, no. That's OK!B.How do you like it?C.Which do you prefer?D.Would you like to try it on?答案：D4.- What's the matter, John?- _________A.I failed my French test.B.It doesn't matter.C.Nothing's wrong with him.D.I don't think I can.答案：A5.- Would you like something to drink? What about a cup of tea?- _________A.No, thanks.B.No, I wouldn't.C.Yes, I want.D.Yes, I like.答案：A二、阅读理解Will it matter if you don't take your breakfast? Recently a test was given in the United States. Those tested included people of different ages, from 12 to 83. During the experiment, these people were given all kinds of breakfasts and sometimes they got no breakfast at all. Special tests were set up to see how well their bodies worked when they had eaten a certain kind of breakfast. The results show that if a person eats a proper breakfast, he or she will work with better effect than if he or she has no breakfast. This fact appears to be especially true if a person works with his brains. If a student eats fruit, eggs, bread and milk before going to school, he will learn more quickly and listen with more attention in class. Contrary to what many people believe, if you don't eat breakfast, you will not lose weight. This is because people become so hungry at noon that they eat too much for lunch, and end up gaining weight instead of losing. You will probably lose more weight if you reduce your other meals.6.During the test, those who were tested were given very rich breakfast.A.TB.F答案：B7.The results of the test show that breakfast has a great effect on work and studies.A.TB.F答案：A8.According to the passage many people believe that if you don't eat breakfast, you will lose weight.A.TB.F答案：A9.It's unknown that you will gain weight if you have breakfast.A.TB.F答案：A10.Eating less in lunch and supper may help to lose weight.A.TB.F答案：AIn the United States, it is not customary to telephone someone very early in the morning. If you telephone him early in the day, while he is shaving or having breakfast, the time of the call shows that the matter is very important and requires immediate attention. The same meaning is attached to telephone calls made after 11:00 pm. If someone receives a call during sleeping hours, he assumes it's a matter of life or death. The time chosen for the call communicates its importance.In social life, time plays a very important part. In the U.S.A. guests tend to feel they are not highly regarded if the invitation to a dinner party is extended only three or four days before the party date. But it is not true in all countries. In other areas of the world, it may be considered foolish to make an appointment too far in advance because plans which are made for a date more than a week away tend to be forgotten. The meaning of time differs in different parts of the world. Thus, misunderstandings arise between people from different cultures that treat time differently. Promptness is valued highly in American life, for example. If people are not prompt, they may be regarded as impolite or not fully responsible. In the U.S. no one would think of keeping a business associate waiting for an hour, it would be too impolite. A person, who is 5 minutes late, will say a few words of explanation, though perhaps he will not complete the sentence.11.What is the main idea of this passage? ________A.It is not customary to telephone someone in the morning and in sleeping hours in the U.S.B.The role of time in social life over the world.C.If people are late, they may be regarded as impolite or not fully responsible in the U.S.D.Not every country treats the concept of time as the same.答案：B12.What does it mean in the passage if you call someone during his or her sleeping hours? _______A.A matter of work.B.A matter of life or death.C.You want to see him or her.D.You want to make an appointment with him or her.答案：B13.Which of the following time is proper if you want to make an appointment with your friend in the U.S. A.?A.at 7:00 amB.at 4:00 pmC.at the midnightD.at 4 am答案：B14.Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? ________A.In the U.S.A. guests tend to feel they are highly regarded if the invitation to a dinner party is extended only three or four days before the party date.B.No misunderstandings arise between people from different cultures about the concept of time.C.It may be considered foolish to make an appointment well in advance in the U.S.A..D.Promptness is valued highly in American life.15.From the passage we can safely infer that _______A.it’s a matter of life or death if you call someone in day time.B.the meaning of time differs in different parts of the world.C.it makes no difference in the U.S. whether you are early or late for a business party.D.if a person is late for a date, he needn’t make some explanation.答案：B三、词汇与语法16.The bicycle you saw isn't ________. It belongs to ________.A.me; youB.mine; hersC.hers; hisD.his; her答案：D17.It is because she is very devoted to her patients ________ she is loved by them.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.who答案：A18.Once environmental damage ______, it takes many years for the system to recover.A.is to doB.doesC.had doneD.is done答案：D19.The young lady coming over to us _____ our English teacher; the way she walks tells us that!A.must beB.can beC.would beD.could be答案：A20.His mother _____alone since his father died.A.livedB.livesC.has livedD.is living答案：C四、完型填空John is a famous writer now. But he said he was not a good student when he was young. He was often late for ___21___ and didn't like doing his homework. Sometimes, he slept in class while the teacher was teaching. He didn't understand much, but he always thought he understood everything. One day the teacher ___22___ the students a question, “When Jack was ten years old, ___23___ brother Bob was twenty, Jack is fifteen now and how old is his brother Bob?” John said, “That's easy. Bob is twice as old as Jack, so he is now thirty.”Another time, the ___24___ in a science cla ss asked, “When it thunders (打雷), why do we always see the light before we ___25___ the sound?”“But, Miss,”said John quickly,“don't you know our eyes are in front of our ears?”21.A.teacherB.hisC.askedD.classE.hear22.A.teacherB.hisC.askedD.classE.hear答案：C23.A.teacherB.hisC.askedD.classE.hear答案：B24.A.teacherB.hisC.askedD.classE.hear答案：A25.A.teacherB.hisC.askedD.classE.hear答案：E五、英译汉26.Who's going to answer the telephone?答案：谁去接电话？27.I was wondering if you could help me to find this book.答案：我不知道你是否能帮助我找到那本书？28.I was too excited to say a word in front of him.答案：我当时太兴奋了，以至于在他面前什么也说不出来了。