Drilling Operational Manual 钻井作业手册_docin

A Handbook of English for Oil Drilling石油钻井常用英语手册职工培训教材系列辽河石油勘探局钻井二公司六分公司二OO七年四月A Handbook of English for Oil Drilling石油钻井常用英语手册一、DRILLING 钻井1.Carry out drilling operation in accordance with the drilling program. 按钻井程序进行钻井作业.2.Prepared bell nipple. 准备”喇叭口”短节.3.Make up 2 joints of drill pipe. 接两根钻杆.4.Break out this connection. 卸开该接头.5.Make up bottom hole assembly. 组合下部钻具6.Check and reset crown-saver on every tour. 每个班都要检查并重新调整天车防碰装置.7.Number stands on trip out and trip in. 起下钻时给立柱编号.8.Pick up BHA and run to seafloor. 将下部钻具下到海底.9.Pick up stands. 接立柱10.Don’t drill faster than 15 minutes for 1 stand. 钻进速度别超过15分钟1根立柱11.Drop TOTCO. 投(陶特)测斜仪12.Fish TOTCO with overshot. 用打捞筒捞起测斜仪13.Resume drilling to T.D. 继续钻进到总深14.Circulate 15 minutes.循环15分钟15.Run in hole. 下钻16.Put out of hole. 起钻17.Make an inventory of all ring gaskets. 开一个所有垫圈的清单e spinning tong. 使用气动扳手19.Operate the air winch. 操作气动绞车y down 57 joints of 5” drill pipe. 甩57根钻杆21.Pick up drill stem test tool. 提起钻杆测试工具22.Circulate mud for 2 hours. 循环泥浆2小时23.Move string during circulation. 在循环时注意活动钻具24.Circulate hole clean. 循环清洗井眼25.Circulate bottoms up. 循环泥浆几周26.Fill up every 5 stands. 每5柱灌泥浆一次27.Check mud weight every 15 minutes. 每15分钟检查泥浆比重28.Reverse out excess cement. 反循环替出多余的泥浆29.Change/replace old mud by new mud. 用新的泥浆替换出旧的泥浆30.Stop drilling. 停止钻进31.Drilling ahead. 钻进32.Pull out of hole bit. 起出钻头33.Change bit. 换钻头34.Run the wear bushing. 下抗磨补心35.The bit thread type is regular pin. 钻头丝扣是正规公扣36.What’s the make-up torque? 上扣扭矩要多大?37.Run in 9” collars. 下9”钻铤38.The cathead ca n’t give enough torque. 猫头力量不够39.Connect crossover sub. 接上配合接头40.The tong angle is too small. 大钳的角度太小了41.Stop circulating. 停止循环泥浆42.Break out the stand. 卸立柱43.Set the single into the mousehole. 把这个单根放进鼠洞44.Can we break out the pipe with rotary table? 可用转盘卸扣吗?45.No! Break it out with tong. 不行! 要用大钳卸扣46.Spin it out with the air spanner. 用气动扳手卸扣47.Put the pipe wiper on the string. 装上钻杆刮泥器48.Don’t set this stand back. 这根钻杆不要放在钻杆盒上49.Make up the lift sub. 接好提升短节50.Secure the safety clamp. 上紧安全卡瓦51.The bit is nearing the shoe. 钻头快到套管鞋了52.Slow down the running speed. 放慢下放速度53.This is the undergauged interval. 这是缩径井段54.This is the drilling program. 这是钻井设计书55.How much weight on bit is required? 要加多少钻压?56.Keep the rotary speed at 120---140 RPM. 转速保持120---140转/分57.Keep the flow rate at 3000 LPM. 保持排量3000升/分58.The pump pressure is too high. 泵压太高了59.Don’t ream the hole too fast. 划眼不要太快60.Notice the rotary torque. 注意转盘扭矩的变化61.The penetration rate is getting slower. 钻速变慢了62.The bit is nearly worn out. 钻头快磨光了63.Stop drilling at 2000 meters. 钻至2000米停钻64.Circulate for one hour. 循环一个小时65.The pump pressure has increased. 泵压升高了66.One nozzle may be plugged. 可能有一个水眼(或: 喷嘴)堵了67.What is the hook load? 悬重多少?68.What’s the pick-up weight? 上提重量是多少?69.What’s the lowering weight? 下放重量是多少?70.Run in HWDP. 下加重钻杆71.A stabilizer is needed here. 这里需要一个扶正器72.This is a flexible sub. 这是挠性接头73.This is the BHA log. 这是下部钻具组合记录74.Record all outside and inside diameters. 记录好所有(入井工具的)内外径75.We need a short drill collar. 需要一根短钻铤76.Pull the cat line. 拉猫头77.Operate the break lever. 操作(或:扶)刹把78.Stop the pumps. 停泵79.Make a wiper trip. 通井80.Retrieve wear bushing. 取出抗磨补心81.Bleed off pressure. (释)放压(力)82.Keep 5 wraps on the drum. 滚筒上留5圈83.Set slips. 座上卡瓦84.If tight hole, repeat wiper trip. 如果井眼紧, 重复划眼85.Setback bottom hole assembly. 将下部钻具立于钻杆盒内86.Make sure all alarms are on. 确保所有的警报信号都开着y down TDS spinner. 拆下顶部驱动的旋扣器88.Run in hole bit #15 to bottom. 用15号钻头下钻到井底89.Run in hole to casing shoe. 下钻至套管鞋90.Pick up same bit and BHA. 装上同样的钻头和钻具组合y down 5” HW drill pipe. 甩5”加重钻杆92.Move string every 2 hours. 每2小时活动钻具一次93.Keep area around shaker clean. 保持振动筛区域干净94.Control trip gas. 控制起下钻气95.Ream if needed. 如必要时进行划眼96.Select the best penetration rate. 选择最佳钻进速度97.Fix the traveling assembly. 固定游动系统98.Check power tongs and spinning rope are on drill floor. 检查动力钳和尾绳是否在钻台99.What’s the we ight on bit? 钻压是多少?100.What is the BHA of this well? 这口井的下部钻具如何组合?101.Drill out cement. 钻穿水泥102.Drill out 20” casing shoe. 钻穿20”套管鞋tch the elevator. 扣吊卡104.Unlatch the elevator. 开吊卡105.Set the slips. 放卡瓦106.Adjust the crown-o-matic (crown saver). 调整防碰天车107.Lock the hook pin. 锁紧大钩销子108.Check OD of stabilizer. 检查扶正器的外径109.Perform leak off test. 进行地层破裂(或:渗漏)测试110.Connect kill and choke line. 接上压井和放喷管线111.Reverse out the drill pipe. 反循环清洗钻杆112.Make a short trip. 进行短途起下钻113.Change the cutters. 换割刀114.Slug the pipe. 灌重泥浆115.Drill the stand down. 钻完立柱116.Start/run the shale shaker. 开振动筛117.Start the desanders. 开除砂器118.Start the desilters. 开除泥器119.Change it with a 40 mesh screen. 换成40目筛布120.Shut it off. 关掉121.Pull it to the cat ramp. 把它拉到坡道上去122.Make a fast connection. 接单根要快123.Don’t dump the mud into the s ea. 不要把泥浆排放到海里124.Disconnect it with a chain tong. 用链钳卸开125.Put a thread protector. 加一个(丝扣)护箍126.Can we use the power slips? 可以使用动力卡瓦吗?二、CASING AND CEMENTING 下套管与固井127.R un in hole to bottom for wiper trip. 下钻通井128.T his is the casing program. 这是套管程序129.P repare for running casing. 准备下套管130.M ake everything ready for running 7”casing. 做好下7”套管的准备131.M ake cementing job. 固井132.D isplace cementing with mud pump. 用泥浆泵替泥浆133.S et cement plug from 2940 to 2790m. 在2940到2790米井段打水泥塞134.P ick up cementing head. 接水泥头135.C ement samples are hard. 水泥样已凝固136.P ump in 3 cubic meters of spacer. 注3方隔离液137.P ump down the plug. 泵压(胶)塞138.W ait on cement. 候凝139.T he guide shoe will be connected. 接引鞋140.C onnect the floor collar. 接浮箍141.C onnect the air line to the casing stabbing board. 接好套管扶正台的气管线142.R un casing with the 350T slip elevator. 用350吨卡瓦式吊卡下套管143.C lean and dry 20” casing threads with rags. 清洁并擦干20”套管丝扣144.W here is the rabbit for drifting the casing? 套管通径规在哪里?三、FISHING 打捞145.The bit cutters have been lost in the hole. 牙轮落井146.Run in the reverse-circulation basket. 下反循环打捞篮147.There is a lot of junk in the hole. 井下有很多落物148.The fish is 235.46 meters long. 落鱼长度235.46米149.The fish top is at 2478.34 meters. 鱼顶位置2478.34米四、FREEING STUCK PIPE 卡钻与解卡190.The down-hole problems are very complicated. 井下情况很复杂191.The hole is tight. 遇阻了192.Overpull while tripping out. 起钻遇卡(overpull: 超拉力)193.The formation is unstable. 地层不稳定194.The wall caving is severe. 井壁垮塌严重195.There are many return cuttings. 返出岩屑特别多196.The mud returns have decreased. 返出泥浆减少197.The hole is enlarged. 井眼扩大了198.The pipe’s stuck. 卡钻了199.Pull up to 150 tons. 上提150吨200.Slack off to 50 tons. 下放至50吨201.Ream down all the tight points. 在所有遇阻点进行划眼202.The rotary table can’t rotate. 转盘转不动203.Where is the sticking point? 卡点在哪里204.Make a tensile test. 做拉伸试验205.Back it off above the free point. 在卡点以上倒扣206.Where is the back-off position? 脱扣位置在哪207.Plug the well for side tracking. 打水泥塞侧钻五、ABNORMAL WELL CONDITION AND WELL CONTROL异常井况与压井168.The mud is gas out. 泥浆有气侵169.The pit has lowered quickly. 泥浆池液面下降很快170.The hole lost returns. 井口不返泥浆171.The returns are unstable. 返出泥浆量忽大忽小172.Where’s the thief zone? 漏失层在哪里173.Cut down the flow rate. 降低排量174.Lower the mud density. 降低比重175.Cut down the hydrostatic pressure. 减少静压176.The gas smell is strong. 天然气味度很浓177.There’s some trace of oil. 发现有油花178.The pump pressure is fluctuating. 泵压不稳179.It is a zone of abnormal pressure. 这是异常压力层180.The hole (well) is kicking! 井涌啦!181.Shut in the BOP! 关闭防喷器182.Sound the general alarm quickly! 快发出综合警报183.The stand pipe pressure is 10 kg/cm2. 立管压力10公斤/厘米2184.The casing pressure is 25 kg/cm2. 套压2510公斤/厘米2185.Fill out the kill sheet. 填写压井记录表186.Kill the well. 压井187.Ther e’s a combination of lost returns and the kick. 又喷又漏, 情况复杂188.Reverse the gas out of the hole. 反循环排气189.What’s the lag time? 迟到时间是多少190.The well is now stable. 现在井眼已经稳定六、PREPERATION BEFORE MAKING HOLE钻前准备191.Tell the mechanic to check the motor torque . 让机械师检查马达扭矩。

钻井技术员工作手册工程地质技术大队钻铤规范常用方补心规范分公司常用钻具结构表层钻具结构：φ445+φ178钻铤×18m+φ195方接头+φ178钻铤×9m+φ195方接头+φ178钻铤×9m+φ159钻铤×52m直井钻具结构：φ203钻头+φ178钻铤×18m+φ195方接头+φ178钻铤×9m+φ195方接头+φ178钻铤×9m+φ159钻铤×72mφ215钻头+φ178钻铤×18m+φ210方接头+φ178钻铤×9m+φ210方接头+φ178钻铤×9m+φ159钻铤×72m∮215 （）＋∮214 螺扶＋∮178 钻铤(2m)＋∮214 螺扶＋∮178 钻铤(9m )＋∮214 螺扶＋∮178mm钻铤（18m）＋∮214 螺扶＋∮178 钻铤(9m )＋∮159mm无磁钻铤（9m）＋∮159 钻铤（90m）定向井钻具结构1．直井段：∮220 （）＋∮178 钻铤(18m)＋∮214 螺扶＋∮159mm无磁钻铤（9m）＋∮214 螺扶＋∮159 钻铤（95m）2．造斜段：∮215（）＋∮165 单弯螺杆（0.75-1.25）＋直接头＋∮159无磁钻铤（9m ）＋∮159钻铤（54m ） 3．增斜段：∮215（）＋∮214 螺扶＋∮159无磁钻铤（9m ）＋∮159钻铤（18m ）＋∮214螺扶＋∮159钻铤（9m ）＋∮214螺扶＋∮159钻铤（95m ） 4．稳斜段:∮215 () ＋∮214mm 螺扶＋∮159无磁钻铤（9m ）＋∮159m 钻铤（9m ）＋∮214mm 螺扶＋∮159钻铤（9m ）＋∮214mm 螺扶∮159钻铤（95m ）∮215 () ＋∮198螺扶＋∮159无磁钻铤（9m ）＋∮198螺扶＋∮159钻铤（9m ）＋∮198螺扶＋∮159钻铤（95m ）钻井液有关计算公式1、 加重剂用量计算公式：w 加=重加原）重原（加r r r r V r --式中：w 加──所需加重剂的重量、吨；r 原 ──加重前泥浆比重 r 重 ──加重后泥浆比重 r 加 ──加重料的比重v 原 ──加重前的泥浆体积、米3；2、 泥浆循环一周所需时间计算公式：泵注井Q V V 60-式中：T ──泥浆循环一周的时间、分；V 井──井眼体积 升； V 柱──钻柱体积 升； Q 泵──泥浆泵排量 升/秒；3、泥浆上返速度计算公式： V 返柱井泵227.12d D Q -替环容替封t Q Q H式中：V 返 ──泥浆上返速度 米/秒；Q 泵──泥浆泵排量 升/秒；D 井──井径 厘米； d 柱──钻柱外径 厘米； H 封──封固高度 米； Q 替──替泥浆量 米3； Q 环容──环形容积 米3； t 替──替泥浆量 秒；4、 漏速度的计算公式： V 漏=时漏t Q 式中：V 漏──漏失速度 米3/小时；Q 替──漏失量 米3； t 时──漏失时间 小时； 5、 井底温度计算：0+168H 式中：T ──井底循环温度 0C ； T0──井口循环温度 0C ； H ──井深 米； 6、配置泥浆所需粘土和水量计算： 粘土量W 土=水土水）泥泥（土r r r r V r --水量Q 水泥土土r W 式中：W 土──所需粘土的量 吨；V 泥──所需泥浆量 米3； r 水──水的比重 r 土──土的比重 r 泥──泥浆比重Q 水──所需水量 米3； 7、 低比重所需水量计算 Q 水=水稀水稀）原原（r r r r r V --式中：Q水──所需水量米3；V原──原泥浆体积米3；r原──原泥浆比重r稀──稀释后泥浆比重r水──水的比重5″钻杆不同排量时泥浆在不同井眼中上返速度（米/秒）加重一立方米泥浆所需重晶石用量表（公斤）加重一立方米泥浆所需重晶石用量表（公斤）常用钻井泥浆泵排量与压力容积效率100％，机械效率90％兰石3——1300泵排量表水泥添加剂功用一览表常用各种钻具容积表水龙带容积钻具在不同井眼中的环形容积处理卡钻计算公式及数据1、卡点深度pe21F 式中：L ────卡点深度 米e ────平均伸长 厘米 p ────平均拉力 吨 K ────计算系数（见表） F ────管体截面积 厘米22、钻杆允许扭转圈数式种：N ────允许扭转圈数 圈；K ────扭转系数（见表） 圈/米；H ────卡点深度 米； 3、泡油量计算：41π（D 2─D 12）41πd 2h 式中：Q ────泡油量 米3K ────附加系数 一般1.2-1.5 D ────井径D 1────钻杆外径 米 d ────钻杆内径 米 H ────钻杆外油柱高 米 h ────钻杆内油柱高 米钻杆扭转系数K 值物质比重物质比重注G:四川、Q Z：东风、其余：宝鸡厂公锥规范单位：母锥规范单位：母锥规范单位：单位母锥规范单位平底磨鞋铅模规范911可循环可卸式卡瓦打捞筒可循环可卸式卡瓦打捞筒可循环可卸式卡瓦打捞筒铣管选用尺寸表单位吊环规范单位：喷射钻井水力计算公式A———————喷嘴总面积、厘米2 ———————环空返速、米/秒—————钻铤环空压耗系数—————钻铤水眼压耗系数—————地面泥浆循环系统压耗系数—————钻杆内外压耗系数—————钻铤外径、毫米—————钻铤内径、毫米—————井径、毫米—————钻杆接头外径、毫米 —————钻杆接头内径、毫米 —————钻杆外径、毫米 —————钻杆内径、毫米 —————泥浆泵机械传动效率—————钻头水马力 I —————冲击力、公斤—————泥浆泵输入功率、马力 —————钻铤柱长度、米 —————钻杆柱长度、米—————钻头喷嘴压降、公斤/厘米2 —————立管压力（总泵压）公斤/厘米2 Q —————排量、公斤/秒 V —————喷速、米/秒W —————泥浆比重、克/厘米3 —————环空每米容积、公升/米环空返速Vm Q 喷速 AQ10钻头水马力 5.7pbQ233376.13A W Q冲击力 1.35255pbW 1.0146A WQ 2喷嘴压降 22778.1A WQ公式： 泵输入功率 5.7Em psQ（传动效率0.85）钻铤通孔压耗系数Dcb86.41088.77⨯钻铤环空压耗系数 22271047.17））（（Dc Dh Dc Dh B--⨯ 钻杆内外压耗系数86.410338.77•⨯Dpb 2227106.16））（（Dp Dh Dp Dh B--⨯ 86.410529.07•⨯Djb 222710873.0））（（Dj Dh Dj Dh B--⨯ 钻杆内外和地面泥浆循环系统压降0.001703［（）］1.86钻具内外压降0.0017031.86 钻铤通孔压降0.0017031.86 钻铤环空压降0.0017031.86地面泥浆循环系统压降0.0017031.86 比水马力=）钻头底面积（英寸（马力）钻头水马力2Hb单个喷嘴直径及面积表全角变化率计算公式βCOS a a a a 2122212-+×L∆25 式中：K －全角变化率、度/25米a 1－上测点井斜角、度 a 2－下测点井斜角、度β－上下两测斜点方位之差的绝对值、度 L ∆ －上下两测斜点井深之差的绝对值、米井径扩大率（％）=钻头直径钻头直径实测井径-×100％）泥浆比重=井深地层压力10⨯（没有附加）地层压力=立管压力+0.1×比重×井深（关闭环空） 替泥浆泵压=101（）（γ1-γ2）0.01L （8～16） 式中：H ——管外水泥柱高度、米 h ——管内水泥塞高度、米γ1——水泥浆比重 γ2——泥浆比重L ——套管下深行程钻速=其下钻时间纯钻进时间钻井进尺（包括取心）+（米/小时）钻机月速=钻机台月钻进进尺（包括取心）（米/台月）钻机台月=（小时）成止的时间（小时）各口井第一次开钻至完720水泥计算：321V V V + Q ——水泥总代数 V 1——封固段环空 V 2——水泥塞容积V 3——1袋水泥配制的水泥浆容积 替泥浆计算： V 替12+………1000785.02lid （m 3）——不同壁厚的套管内容积——同一壁厚的套管总长注速计算： ①、管内注速：60⨯V Qq（）②、管外注速：V 1=601⨯V Qq（）Q —— 每分钟注灰代数 q ——每袋水泥的配浆体积V ——每米套管内容积 V 1———每米平均环型容积 替速计算： V 替=）替泥浆时间（环形容积）封固高度（替泥浆量S m ⨯⨯（）压井基本数据计算（一）关井立管压力：式中：——关井立管压力，公斤/厘米2 ——钻柱内钻井液压力，公斤/厘米2 ——地层压力，公斤/厘米2 ——关井套管压力，公斤/厘米2——环空内钻井液柱压力，公斤/厘米2 因此：0.1γ m ·H式中：γ m ——钻井液比重，克/厘米3 H ——井深，米。

1. Reeving on Drilling Line1.1 Operational RequirementsA. Pre-job meeting must be held before the reevingoperations commence.B. Direct communication among all personnel isessential during this operation.C. The drawworks anchor clamp assembly on thefast line end must be changed out, as a whole, each time a new one is installed.D. Traveling block hanging strops and shackle,snake and safety harness must be inspected before this operation commences.E. All crew members working in derrick must wearsafety harness.F. A visual inspection of the drilling line shall be donebefore the procedure commences.G. Check and ensure the proper size andspecifications of the replacement drilling line.H. Avoid scrubbing the new drilling line against thederrick and the substructure.I. The new drilling line must be reeved onto thedrawworks drum under tension.J. The new drilling line should never be allowed to touch the ground where dirt or sand could be picked up.K. Inspect crown sheaves for wear prior to installation of drilling line.Special care should be taken to ensure the drilling line is not kinked.1.2 Reeving on Drilling Line from New Spool to Replace Existing Drilling LineA. Hang off the drill string in slips and install the Kellycock (in the open position), on the drill pipe.B. Disengage the crown-o-matic.C. Hang off and secure the traveling block with thededicated hang-off line.D. Cut off the excess drilling line from the old storagespool using the hydraulic line cutter; leave a sufficient length to attach a snake to the old drilling line. 1. 穿大绳1.1操作要求A. 在穿大绳作业开始之前，必须先召开工前会。

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QQ 咨询号码: 1016238870，邮箱留言地址：dril_ling@公司 简介姓 名： Name：地 址： Add.：单 位： Company：电话(办)： Office Tel.N0.：电话(家)： Home Tel.N0.：手 机： Mobile Tel. No.E-mail： E-mail：传真： Fax No.：邮政编码： Zip Code：其它说明： Other Description：遇有紧急情况，请通知： In case of emergency notify： 姓 名： Name：地 址： Add.：单 位： Company：电话： Tel.N0.：最序号 内 容序号内 容钻井常用数据 GENERAL DATE OF DSV最1码(yd)＝3英尺(ft)1英尺＝12英寸(in) 1英寸＝25.4毫米(mm) 1英尺＝0.305米(m)1米＝3.281英尺 1米=1000000微米(μ) 长度1英里(mile)＝1.609公里(km) 1英里＝5280英尺 1海里(n-mile)＝1.8537公里1平方公里＝247.1英亩1平方公里＝100公顷 1公顷＝10000平方米 1平方英里＝2.590平方公里1英亩＝0.4047公顷 1平方码＝9平方英尺 面积1平方英尺＝144平方英寸 1平方英尺＝0.093平方米 1平方英寸＝6.452平方厘米 1立方米＝1000升(l)1立方米＝35.315立方英尺 1立方米＝6.29桶(bbl) 1立方英尺＝28.317升1桶＝42美加仑(gal)1美加仑＝3.785升 体积1立方码＝0.76456立方米1美桶＝159升 1升＝61.023立方英寸 1吨(t)＝1000千克(kg) 1吨＝1.1023美吨 1吨＝2205磅(Ib) 质 量 1磅＝0.4536千克1千克＝2.205磅1盎司(oz)＝28.350克 密 度 1克/立方厘米＝62.4磅/立方英尺1磅/加仑(ppg)=0.12克/立方厘米1克/厘米=8.3454磅/加仑 流 量 1立方英尺/分＝0.472升/秒 1立方米/小时＝0.278升/秒 1美加仑/分＝0.0631升/秒 速 度 1英尺/秒＝0.3048米/秒 1公里/时＝0.278米/秒 1英里/时＝0.447米/秒 1000磅/英寸2(psi)＝6.8947兆帕1大气压=1.0332千克/厘米21千帕(kpa)＝0.145磅力/英寸2压 力 1千帕＝0.0102千克/厘米21千克/厘米2=0.098兆帕(Mpa) 1 巴(bar)＝105帕(pa) 力 1千克力＝9.81牛顿1牛顿(N)＝0.102千克力 1牛顿(N)＝0.225磅力 扭矩 1磅.英尺=0.1383千克力.米(kg.m)1千克力.米= 9.81牛顿.米(N.m)1磅.英尺(Ib.ft)=1.357牛顿.米油气产量 1桶=0.14吨（原油全球平均） 1吨(t)=7.3桶（原油全球平均）1桶/日＝50吨/年（原油全球平均）热当量1桶原油＝5800立方英尺天然气 1千克原油＝1.4286千克标准煤 1立方米天然气＝1.33千克标准煤名称 公制 英制 名称 公制 英制 名称 公制 英制 井深 m ft 排量 l/s gpm 泥浆量m3bbl 钻压 KN Ib 扭矩 KN.m Ib.ft 机械钻速m/h ft/h 转速 转/分 rpm 泵冲 冲/分 str/m 压力梯度Kpa/m psi/ft 钻井工程常用单位泵压Mpapsi密度g/cm3ppg直径mmin英寸0 1/81/43/81/25/83/47/8 in0 0.0 3.2 6.4 9.5 12.7 15.9 19.1 22.21 25.4 28.6 31.8 34.9 38.1 41.3 44.5 47.62 50.8 54.0 57.2 60.3 63.5 66.7 69.9 73.03 76.2 79.4 82.6 85.7 88.9 92.1 95.3 98.44 101.6 104.8 108.0 111.1 114.3 117.5 120.7 123.85 127.0 130.2 133.4 136.5 139.7 142.9 146.1 149.26 152.4 155.6 158.8 161.9 165.1 168.3 171.5 174.67 177.8 181.0 184.2 187.3 190.5 193.7 196.9 200.08 203.2 206.4 209.6 212.7 215.9 219.1 222.3 225.49 228.6 231.8 235.0 238.1 241.3 244.5 247.7 250.810 254.0 257.2 260.4 263.5 266.7 269.9 273.1 276.211 279.4 282.6 285.8 288.9 292.1 295.3 298.5 301.612 304.8 308.0 311.2 314.3 317.5 320.7 323.9 327.013 330.2 333.4 336.6 339.7 342.9 346.1 349.3 352.414 355.6 358.8 362.0 365.1 368.3 371.5 374.7 377.815 381.0 384.2 387.4 390.5 393.7 396.9 400.1 403.216 406.4 409.6 412.8 415.9 419.1 422.3 425.5 428.617 431.8 435.0 438.2 441.3 444.5 447.7 450.9 454.018 457.2 460.4 463.6 466.7 469.9 473.1 476.3 479.419 482.6 485.8 489.0 492.1 495.3 498.5 501.7 504.820 508.0 511.2 514.4 517.5 520.7 523.9 527.1 530.221 533.4 536.6 539.8 542.9 546.1 549.3 552.5 555.622 558.8 562.0 565.2 568.3 571.5 574.7 577.9 581.023 584.2 587.4 590.6 593.7 596.9 600.1 603.3 606.424 609.6 612.8 616.0 619.1 622.3 625.5 628.7 631.825 635.0 638.2 641.4 644.5 647.7 650.9 654.1 657.226 660.4 663.6 666.8 669.9 673.1 676.3 679.5 682.627 685.8 689.0 692.2 695.3 698.5 701.7 704.9 708.028 711.2 714.4 717.6 720.7 723.9 727.1 730.3 733.429 736.6 739.8 743.0 746.1 749.3 752.5 755.7 758.830 762.0 765.2 768.4 771.5 774.7 777.9 781.1 784.231 787.4 790.6 793.8 796.9 800.1 803.3 806.5 809.632 812.8 816.0 819.2 822.3 825.5 828.7 831.9 835.033 838.2 841.4 844.6 847.7 850.9 854.1 857.3 860.434 863.6 866.8 870.0 873.1 876.3 879.5 882.7 885.835 889.0 892.2 895.4 898.5 901.7 904.9 908.1 911.236 914.4 917.6 920.8 923.9 927.1 930.3 933.5 936.637 939.8 943.0 946.2 949.3 952.5 955.7 958.9 962.038 965.2 968.4 971.6 974.7 977.9 981.1 984.3 987.4psi Mpa psi Mpa psi Mpa psi Mpa 0 0.00 975 6.72 1950 13.44 3900 26.89 25 0.17 1000 6.89 2000 13.79 3950 27.23 50 0.34 1025 7.07 2050 14.13 4000 27.58 75 0.52 1050 7.24 2100 14.48 4050 27.92 100 0.69 1075 7.41 2150 14.82 4100 28.27 125 0.86 1100 7.58 2200 15.17 4150 28.61 150 1.03 1125 7.76 2250 15.51 4200 28.96 175 1.21 1150 7.93 2300 15.86 4250 29.30 200 1.38 1175 8.10 2350 16.20 4300 29.65 225 1.55 1200 8.27 2400 16.55 4350 29.99 250 1.72 1225 8.45 2450 16.89 4400 30.34 275 1.90 1250 8.62 2500 17.24 4450 30.68 300 2.07 1275 8.79 2550 17.58 4500 31.03 325 2.24 1300 8.96 2600 17.93 4550 31.37 350 2.41 1325 9.14 2650 18.27 4600 31.72 375 2.59 1350 9.31 2700 18.62 4650 32.06 400 2.76 1375 9.48 2750 18.96 4700 32.41 425 2.93 1400 9.65 2800 19.31 4750 32.75 450 3.10 1425 9.83 2850 19.65 4800 33.09 475 3.28 1450 10.00 2900 19.99 4850 33.44 500 3.45 1475 10.17 2950 20.34 4900 33.78 525 3.62 1500 10.34 3000 20.68 4950 34.13 550 3.79 1525 10.51 3050 21.03 5000 34.47 575 3.96 1550 10.69 3100 21.37 5050 34.82 600 4.14 1575 10.86 3150 21.72 5100 35.16 625 4.31 1600 11.03 3200 22.06 5150 35.51 650 4.48 1625 11.20 3250 22.41 5200 35.85 675 4.65 1650 11.38 3300 22.75 5250 36.20 700 4.83 1675 11.55 3350 23.10 5300 36.54 725 5.00 1700 11.72 3400 23.44 5350 36.89 750 5.17 1725 11.89 3450 23.79 5400 37.23 775 5.34 1750 12.07 3500 24.13 5450 37.58 800 5.52 1775 12.24 3550 24.48 5500 37.92 825 5.69 1800 12.41 3600 24.82 5550 38.27 850 5.86 1825 12.58 3650 25.17 5600 38.61 875 6.03 1850 12.76 3700 25.51 5650 38.96 900 6.21 1875 12.93 3750 25.86 5700 39.30 925 6.38 1900 13.10 3800 26.20 5750 39.64 950 6.55 1925 13.27 3850 26.54 5800 39.99密封滚动 轴承保径(5) 密封滑动轴承(6)密封滑动轴承保径(7)钻头 类别 系列代号级别密封滚动轴承(4) 橡胶密封金属密封橡胶密封橡胶密封 金属密封浮动密封 1G114GA114GA115GAT115GJ115GJ115LGJT115LH116HA116HAT117H117HJ117HJ117HJT117G/2 / GA125 /H126HA126H127,HAT127, HAT127LFAT127,FAT127LHJT127IL HFT127 13 GA134 GA135GJ135GJ135LH136HA136H137,H137LHA137,HAT137HJ137HJT137/钢齿钻头2 1 GA214 GA215 /H216HA216H217HA217/ /1 /GA415GAT415GJ415GJT415/H417,HA417HAT417HJ417HJT417/2 / / / / HA427Y HJ427Y /3 /GA435GAT435GJ435GJT435/H437,H437E,H437LHT437,HD437,HA437HA437L,HAD437HJ437,HJT437HJ437L,HJT437GHJT437L,HJD437/44 / / / /H447,HA447,HAT447HA447Y,FA447,FA447LHJ447YHJT447LHF447HFT4471 /G515GA515GAT515GJ515GJT515GJ515Y/H517,HT517,H517EH517L,HA517,HA517YHA517G,HA517LHAD517,HAT517,HB517HJ517,HJT517HJ517Y,HJT517LHJD517HFT5172 / / / /H527,HA527HAT527,HA527YHJ527HJ527Y/3 / GA535 GJ535 / H537,H537L,HA537HA537GL,HAT537HJ537,HJT537HJ537Y,HJ537LHJT537L/54 / / / / HA547YHJ547YHJT547GH/1 / GA615 GJ615 /H617,HA617HA617GL,HA617Y/ /63 / / / /H637HA637HJT637GH /7 3 / / / /H737HA737HJT737GHJT737GH/镶齿钻 头8 3 / / / /H837HA837/ /附加特征 C-中心喷咀 E－加长水孔 G－掌背加强 L－掌背扶正块 Y－圆锥齿 H－金刚石保径齿钻头连接螺纹上扣扭矩扣型 231 331 431 631 731钻头直径 （in） 43/6"57/8",6",61/8"61/4",61/2"77/8",83/8"81/2",83/4"91/2",97/8"105/8",121/4"171/2"上扣扭矩(KN.m)8.16-9.51 9.51-12.15 16.27-21.66 33.03-43.32 46.94-54.19干水泥和清水混合量数据水泥浆 密度 g/cm3干水泥量吨/方水用量方/方水泥浆密度g/cm3干水泥量吨/方水用量方/方水泥浆密度g/cm3干水泥量吨/方水用量方/方1.70 1.03 0.67 1.81 1.19 0.62 1.92 1.35 0.571.71 1.04 0.67 1.82 1.20 0.62 1.93 1.36 0.571.72 1.05 0.67 1.83 1.22 0.61 1.94 1.38 0.561.73 1.07 0.66 1.84 1.23 0.61 1.95 1.39 0.561.74 1.08 0.66 1.85 1.25 0.60 1.96 1.41 0.551.75 1.10 0.65 1.86 1.26 0.60 1.97 1.42 0.551.76 1.11 0.65 1.87 1.27 0.60 1.98 1.44 0.541.77 1.13 0.64 1.88 1.29 0.59 1.99 1.45 0.541.78 1.14 0.64 1.89 1.30 0.592.00 1.47 0.531.79 1.16 0.63 1.90 1.32 0.582.01 1.48 0.531.80 1.17 0.63 1.91 1.33 0.582.02 1.49 0.53干水泥用量：为配制每方相应水泥浆密度的水泥浆所用干水泥重量(吨)。

钻井技术员工作手册工程地质技术大队常用取芯PDC钻头规格接头扣型尺寸常用钻杆规范浮力系数表常用钻杆分级标准钻铤分级标准分公司常用钻具结构表层钻具结构：φ445+φ178钻铤×18m+φ195方接头+φ178钻铤×9m+φ195方接头+φ178钻铤×9m+φ159钻铤×52m直井钻具结构：φ203钻头+φ178钻铤×18m+φ195方接头+φ178钻铤×9m+φ195方接头+φ178钻铤×9m+φ159钻铤×72mφ215钻头+φ178钻铤×18m+φ210方接头+φ178钻铤×9m+φ210方接头+φ178钻铤×9m+φ159钻铤×72m∮215 mm（PDC）＋∮214 mm螺扶＋∮178 mm钻铤(2m)＋∮214 mm螺扶＋∮178 mm钻铤(9m )＋∮214 mm螺扶＋∮178mm钻铤（18m）＋∮214 mm螺扶＋∮178 mm钻铤(9m )＋∮159mm无磁钻铤（9m）＋∮159 mm钻铤（90m）定向井钻具结构1．直井段：∮220 mm（PDC）＋∮178 mm钻铤(18m)＋∮214 mm螺扶＋∮159mm无磁钻铤（9m ）＋∮214 mm 螺扶＋∮159 mm 钻铤（95m ） 2．造斜段：∮215mm （PDC ）＋∮165 mm 单弯螺杆（0.75-1.25）＋直接头＋∮159mm 无磁钻铤（9m ）＋∮159mm 钻铤（54m ） 3．增斜段：∮215mm （PDC ）＋∮214 mm 螺扶＋∮159mm 无磁钻铤（9m ）＋∮159mm 钻铤（18m ）＋∮214mm 螺扶＋∮159mm 钻铤（9m ）＋∮214mm 螺扶＋∮159mm 钻铤（95m ） 4．稳斜段:∮215 mm (PDC) ＋∮214mm 螺扶＋∮159mm 无磁钻铤（9m ）＋∮159m 钻铤（9m ）＋∮214mm 螺扶＋∮159mm 钻铤（9m ）＋∮214mm 螺扶∮159mm 钻铤（95m ）∮215 mm (PDC) ＋∮198mm 螺扶＋∮159mm 无磁钻铤（9m ）＋∮198mm 螺扶＋∮159mm 钻铤（9m ）＋∮198mm 螺扶＋∮159mm 钻铤（95m ）钻井液有关计算公式1、 加重剂用量计算公式：w 加=重加原）重原（加r r r r V r --式中：w 加──所需加重剂的重量、吨；r 原 ──加重前泥浆比重 r 重 ──加重后泥浆比重 r 加 ──加重料的比重v 原 ──加重前的泥浆体积、米3；2、 泥浆循环一周所需时间计算公式：T=泵注井Q V V 60-式中：T ──泥浆循环一周的时间、分；V 井──井眼体积 升； V 柱──钻柱体积 升； Q 泵──泥浆泵排量 升/秒；3、泥浆上返速度计算公式：V 返=柱井泵227.12d D Q -=替环容替封t Q Q H 式中：V 返 ──泥浆上返速度 米/秒；Q 泵──泥浆泵排量 升/秒； D 井──井径 厘米； d 柱──钻柱外径 厘米； H 封──封固高度 米； Q 替──替泥浆量 米3； Q 环容──环形容积 米3； t 替──替泥浆量 秒；4、 漏速度的计算公式： V 漏=时漏t Q 式中：V 漏──漏失速度 米3/小时；Q 替──漏失量 米3； t 时──漏失时间 小时； 5、 井底温度计算：T=T0+168H 式中：T ──井底循环温度 0C ； T0──井口循环温度 0C ； H ──井深 米； 6、配置泥浆所需粘土和水量计算： 粘土量W 土=水土水）泥泥（土r r r r V r --水量Q 水=V 泥土土r W 式中：W 土──所需粘土的量 吨；V 泥──所需泥浆量 米3； r 水──水的比重 r 土──土的比重 r 泥──泥浆比重Q 水──所需水量 米3；7、低比重所需水量计算Q水=水稀水稀）原原（rr rrrV--式中：Q水──所需水量米3；V原──原泥浆体积米3；r原──原泥浆比重r稀──稀释后泥浆比重r水──水的比重5″钻杆不同排量时泥浆在不同井眼中上返速度（米/秒）加重一立方米泥浆所需重晶石用量表（公斤）常用钻井泥浆泵排量与压力容积效率100％，机械效率90％容积效率100％，机械效率90％常用各种钻具容积表方钻杆容积：钻具容积钻具在不同井眼中的环形容积油管体积及内容积表处理卡钻计算公式及数据1、卡点深度 L=KpeK=21F 式中：L ────卡点深度 米e ────平均伸长 厘米 p ────平均拉力 吨K ────计算系数（见表） F ────管体截面积 厘米22、钻杆允许扭转圈数 N=KN式种：N ────允许扭转圈数 圈；K ────扭转系数（见表） 圈/米； H ────卡点深度 米； 3、泡油量计算： Q=K41π（D 2─D 12）H+41πd 2h 式中：Q ────泡油量 米3 K ────附加系数 一般1.2-1.5 D ────井径D 1────钻杆外径 米 d ────钻杆内径 米 H ────钻杆外油柱高 米 h ────钻杆内油柱高 米 卡点计算系数K 值表物质比重物质比重公锥规范单位：mm注;D G:四川、Q Z：东风厂、其余宝鸡厂母锥规范单位:mm母锥规范单位:mm铅模规范单位:mm磁铁打捞器931/2″—41/2″卡瓦打捞桶规范单位:mm可循环可卸式卡瓦打捞筒可循环可卸式卡瓦打捞筒可循环可卸式卡瓦打捞筒卡瓦选用表铣管选用尺寸表单位:mm铣管选用尺寸表单位:mm吊环规范单位：mm安全卡瓦使用节数喷射钻井水力计算公式A———————喷嘴总面积、厘米2 A V———————环空返速、米/秒Ccb—————钻铤水眼压耗系数Ce—————地面泥浆循环系统压耗系数Cp—————钻杆内外压耗系数Dc—————钻铤外径、毫米Dcb—————钻铤内径、毫米Dh —————井径、毫米Dj —————钻杆接头外径、毫米 Djb —————钻杆接头内径、毫米 Dp —————钻杆外径、毫米 Dpb —————钻杆内径、毫米 Em —————泥浆泵机械传动效率Hb —————钻头水马力 I —————冲击力、公斤IH —————泥浆泵输入功率、马力 Lc —————钻铤柱长度、米 Lp —————钻杆柱长度、米Pb —————钻头喷嘴压降、公斤/厘米2 Ps —————立管压力（总泵压）公斤/厘米2 Q —————排量、公斤/秒 V —————喷速、米/秒W —————泥浆比重、克/厘米3 Vm —————环空每米容积、公升/米环空返速 A V=Vm Q 喷速 V=AQ10钻头水马力 Hb=5.7pbQ=233376.13A W Q冲击力 I=1.35255Q pbW =1.0146A WQ 2喷嘴压降 pb=22778.1A WQ公式： 泵输入功率 IH=5.7Em psQ（传动效率0.85）钻铤通孔压耗系数 Ccb=Dcb86.41088.77⨯钻铤环空压耗系数 Cca=22271047.17））（（Dc Dh Dc Dh B--⨯ 钻杆内外压耗系数Cp=86.410338.77∙⨯Dpb +2227106.16））（（Dp Dh Dp Dh B--⨯ +86.410529.07∙⨯Djb +222710873.0））（（Dj Dh Dj Dh B --⨯ 钻杆内外和地面泥浆循环系统压降p=0.001703［Ce+（Ccb+Cca ）Lc+LpCp ］WQ 1.86 钻具内外压降p=0.001703LpCpWQ 1.86 钻铤通孔压降p=0.001703LcCcbWQ 1.86 钻铤环空压降p=0.001703LcCcaWQ 1.86地面泥浆循环系统压降p=0.001703CeWQ 1.86 比水马力=）钻头底面积（英寸（马力）钻头水马力2Hb排量系统表全角变化率计算公式K=βCOS a a a a 2122212-+×L∆25 式中：K －全角变化率、度/25米a 1－上测点井斜角、度 a 2－下测点井斜角、度β－上下两测斜点方位之差的绝对值、度 L ∆ －上下两测斜点井深之差的绝对值、米井径扩大率（％）=钻头直径钻头直径实测井径-×100％）泥浆比重=井深地层压力10⨯（没有附加）地层压力=立管压力+0.1×比重×井深（关闭环空） 替泥浆泵压=101（H-h ）（γ1-γ2）+0.01L+（8～16） 式中：H ——管外水泥柱高度、米h ——管内水泥塞高度、米γ1——水泥浆比重 γ2——泥浆比重 L ——套管下深行程钻速=其下钻时间纯钻进时间钻井进尺（包括取心）+（米/小时）钻机月速=钻机台月钻进进尺（包括取心）（米/台月）钻机台月=（小时）成止的时间（小时）各口井第一次开钻至完720水泥计算： Q=321V V V + Q ——水泥总代数 V 1——封固段环空 V 2——水泥塞容积V 3——1袋水泥配制的水泥浆容积 替泥浆计算：V 替=V 1+V 2+………V iV i =1000785.02li d （m 3）V i ——不同壁厚的套管内容积 li ——同一壁厚的套管总长注速计算： ①、管内注速：V=60⨯V Qq（m/S ）②、管外注速：V 1=601⨯V Qq（m/S ）Q —— 每分钟注灰代数 q ——每袋水泥的配浆体积 V ——每米套管内容积 V 1———每米平均环型容积 替速计算： V 替=）替泥浆时间（环形容积）封固高度（替泥浆量S m ⨯⨯（m/S ）压井基本数据计算（一）关井立管压力：Pd Pd+Pmd=Pp=Pa+Pma式中：Pd ——关井立管压力，公斤/厘米2 Pmd ——钻柱内钻井液压力，公斤/厘米2 Pp ——地层压力，公斤/厘米2 Pa ——关井套管压力，公斤/厘米2Pma ——环空内钻井液柱压力，公斤/厘米2 因此：Pp=pd+0.1γ m ·H式中：γ m ——钻井液比重，克/厘米3 H ——井深，米。

钻井平台工作手册Drilling Rig Work Manual1.0 版DRI-QHSE/W11No.编制：编写小组审核：批准：2007－07－01发布2007－08－01 实施中海油田服务股份有限公司钻井事业部Drilling-China Oilfield Services Limited中国北京目录1前言............................................. 1-1 2手册审批页....................................... 2-1 3手册修改确认表................................... 3-1 4术语及缩写语..................................... 4-1 5钻井平台组织机构与岗位职责....................... 5-1 5.1钻井事业部钻井平台组织机构图..................... 5-1 5.2岗位职责 ........................................ 5-4 6钻井平台文件目录................................. 6-1 7钻井平台表格清单................................. 7-11 前言钻井平台隶属于中海油田服务股份有限公司钻井事业部，为海洋石油勘探开发提供钻井作业服务。

海洋石油钻井作业具有高投入和高风险性，安全优质的钻井服务是钻井作业所追求的目标。

建立平台工作规程，按照作业过程操作程序进行作业，为安全优质的钻井服务提供保障。

《钻井平台工作手册》是针对海上钻井作业编写的，是规范钻井平台的行为准则。

钻井平台将不断提升专业技术水平和管理水平，力争成为客户相关业务的积极参与者。

2 手册审批页《钻井平台工作手册》审批页《钻井平台工作手册》是钻井事业部QHSE管理体系的操作性文件，是依据钻井事业部管理手册中“手册管理”要求产生的对过程控制的文件，是钻井平台的工作指南，钻井平台全体员工应严格遵照执行。

A Handbook of English for Offshore Oil Drilling海洋石油钻井常用英语手册Carry out drilling operation in accordance with the drilling program. 按钻井程序进行钻井作业.Prepared bell nipple. 准备”喇叭口”短节.Make up 2 joints of drill pipe. 接两根钻杆.Break out this connection. 卸开该接头.Run hole opener to sea bed. 下扩眼器到海底Mix gel fluid for drilling conductor hole. 为钻导管井眼配制高粘度泥浆.Make up bottom hole assembly. 组合下部钻具Check and reset crown-saver on every tour. 每个班都要检查并重新调整天车防碰装置.Number stands on trip out and trip in. 起下钻时给立柱编号.Pick up BHA and run to seafloor. 将下部钻具下到海底.Pick up stands. 接立柱Don’t drill faster than 15 minutes for 1 stand. 钻进速度别超过15分钟1根立柱Drop TOTCO. 投(陶特)测斜仪Fish TOTCO with overshot. 用打捞筒捞起测斜仪Resume drilling to T.D. 继续钻进到总深Circulate 15 minutes.循环15分钟Run in hole. 下钻Put out of hole. 起钻Make an inventory of all ring gaskets. 开一个所有垫圈的清单Use spinning tong. 使用气动扳手Operate the air winch. 操作气动绞车Lay down 57 joints of 5”drill pipe. 甩57根钻杆Pick up drill stem test tool. 提起钻杆测试工具Circulate mud for 2 hours. 循环泥浆2小时Move string during circulation. 在循环时注意活动钻具Circulate hole clean. 循环清洗井眼Circulate bottoms up. 循环泥浆几周Fill up every 5 stands. 每5柱灌泥浆一次Check mud weight every 15 minutes. 每15分钟检查泥浆比重Reverse out excess cement. 反循环替出多余的泥浆Change/replace old mud by new mud. 用新的泥浆替换出旧的泥浆Stop drilling. 停止钻进Drilling ahead. 钻进Pull out of hole bit. 起出钻头Change bit. 换钻头Run the wear bushing. 下抗磨补心The bit thread type is regular pin. 钻头丝扣是正规公扣What’s the make-up torque? 上扣扭矩要多大?Run in 9”collars. 下9”钻铤The cathead can’t give enough torque. 猫头力量不够Connect crossover sub. 接上配合接头The tong angle is too small. 大钳的角度太小了Stop circulating. 停止循环泥浆Break out the stand. 卸立柱Set the single into the mousehole. 把这个单根放进鼠洞Can we break out the pipe with rotary table? 可用转盘卸扣吗?No! Break it out with tong. 不行! 要用大钳卸扣Spin it out with the air spanner. 用气动扳手卸扣Put the pipe wiper on the string. 装上钻杆刮泥器Don’t set this stand back. 这根钻杆不要放在钻杆盒上Make up the lift sub. 接好提升短节Secure the safety clamp. 上紧安全卡瓦The bit is nearing the shoe. 钻头快到套管鞋了Slow down the running speed. 放慢下放速度This is the undergauged interval. 这是缩径井段This is the drilling program. 这是钻井设计书How much weight on bit is required? 要加多少钻压?Keep the rotary speed at 120---140 RPM. 转速保持120---140转/分Keep the flow rate at 3000 LPM. 保持排量3000升/分The pump pressure is too high. 泵压太高了Don’t ream the hole too fast. 划眼不要太快Notice the rotary torque. 注意转盘扭矩的变化The penetration rate is getting slower. 钻速变慢了The bit is nearly worn out. 钻头快磨光了Stop drilling at 2000 meters. 钻至2000米停钻Circulate for one hour. 循环一个小时The pump pressure has increased. 泵压升高了One nozzle may be plugged. 可能有一个水眼(或: 喷嘴)堵了What is the hook load? 悬重多少?What’s the pick-up weight? 上提重量是多少?What’s the lowering weight? 下放重量是多少?Run in HWDP. 下加重钻杆A stabilizer is needed here. 这里需要一个扶正器This is a flexible sub. 这是挠性接头This is the BHA log. 这是下部钻具组合记录Record all outside and inside diameters. 记录好所有(入井工具的)内外径We need a short drill collar. 需要一根短钻铤Pull the cat line. 拉猫头Operate the break lever. 操作(或:扶)刹把Stop the pumps. 停泵Make a wiper trip. 通井Retrieve wear bushing. 取出抗磨补心Bleed off pressure. (释)放压(力)Keep 5 wraps on the drum. 滚筒上留5圈Set slips. 座上卡瓦If tight hole, repeat wiper trip. 如果井眼紧, 重复划眼Setback bottom hole assembly. 将下部钻具立于钻杆盒内Make sure all alarms are on. 确保所有的警报信号都开着Lay down TDS spinner. 拆下顶部驱动的旋扣器Run in hole bit #15 to bottom. 用15号钻头下钻到井底Run in hole to casing shoe. 下钻至套管鞋Pick up same bit and BHA. 装上同样的钻头和钻具组合Lay down 5”HW drill pipe. 甩5”加重钻杆Move string every 2 hours. 每2小时活动钻具一次Keep area around shaker clean. 保持振动筛区域干净Control trip gas. 控制起下钻气Ream if needed. 如必要时进行划眼Select the best penetration rate. 选择最佳钻进速度Fix the traveling assembly. 固定游动系统100. Check power tongs and spinning rope are on drill floor. 检查动力钳和尾绳是否在钻台What’s the weight on bit? 钻压是多少?What is the BHA of this well? 这口井的下部钻具如何组合?Drill out cement. 钻穿水泥Drill out 20”casing shoe. 钻穿20”套管鞋Latch the elevator. 扣吊卡Unlatch the elevator. 开吊卡Set the slips. 放卡瓦Adjust the crown-o-matic (crown saver). 调整防碰天车Lock the hook pin. 锁紧大钩销子Check OD of stabilizer. 检查扶正器的外径Perform leak off test. 进行地层破裂(或:渗漏)测试Connect kill and choke line. 接上压井和放喷管线Reverse out the drill pipe. 反循环清洗钻杆Make a short trip. 进行短途起下钻Change the cutters. 换割刀Slug the pipe. 灌重泥浆Drill the stand down. 钻完立柱Start/run the shale shaker. 开振动筛Start the desanders. 开除砂器Start the desilters. 开除泥器Change it with a 40 mesh screen. 换成40目筛布Shut it off. 关掉Pull it to the cat ramp. 把它拉到坡道上去Make a fast connection. 接单根要快Don’t dump the mud into the sea. 不要把泥浆排放到海里Disconnect it with a chain tong. 用链钳卸开Put a thread protector. 加一个(丝扣)护箍Can we use the power slips? 可以使用动力卡瓦吗?Casing and Cementing 下套管与固井Run in hole to bottom for wiper trip. 下钻通井This is the casing program. 这是套管程序Prepare for running casing. 准备下套管Make everything ready for running 7”casing. 做好下7”套管的准备Make cementing job. 固井Displace cementing with mud pump. 用泥浆泵替泥浆Set cement plug from 2940 to 2790m. 在2940到2790米井段打水泥塞Pick up cementing head. 接水泥头Cement samples are hard. 水泥样已凝固Pump in 3 cubic meters of spacer. 注3方隔离液Pump down the plug. 泵压(胶)塞Wait on cement. 候凝The guide shoe will be connected. 接引鞋Connect the floor collar. 接浮箍Connect the air line to the casing stabbing board. 接好套管扶正台的气管线Run casing with the 350T slip elevator. 用350吨卡瓦式吊卡下套管Clean and dry 20”casing threads with rags. 清洁并擦干20”套管丝扣Where is the rabbit for drifting the casing? 套管通径规在哪里?Rig Move, Anchoring and Positioning 拖航, 抛锚, 定位What is our position now? 我们现在船位在哪里?What’s the moving speed now? (What’s the towering speed?) 拖航速度是多少? The speed is about 4 knots. 船速是4节左右Which one is the main tug? 主拖是哪条船?The main tug is Nanhai 205. 主拖是南海205Which one is the chase boat? 护航船是哪一条?How much is the horse power? 有多大马力?She has 6000 HP. 有6000马力Move the rig off location 50 feet. 将平台移开50英尺We are ready to drop the anchor. 我们已经做好抛锚的准备了Secure all the movable equipment. 固定好各种活动的设备Preload. (自升式)压载Ballast. (半潜式)压载Put the preload water into the tank. 向压载舱灌压压载水We need 5500 tons of preload water. 需要5500吨压载水Shall we preload right now? 马上开始压载吗?Drain the water off. 放水The rig is overloaded. 平台已超载Jack up (jack down) the rig. 升(降)船The draft is 3.5 meters. 船体吃水3.5米The jetting pressure is 100psi. 冲桩压力是100psiPenetrate the legs. 插桩How much penetration do we have? 入泥多深了?No.1 and No.2 legs indicate 10 meters. 1,2号桩腿插入10米Fix the upper and lower wedges. 固定上下楔块Pay out the anchor line. 放出锚缆绳Skid the derrick. 移开井架The rig is short of potable water now. 平台缺乏饮用水Drop No.2 and No.3 anchors. 抛2号和3号锚Why has the main engine stopped? 主机为什么停?Unleash the drilling tools. 卸开钻具Tighten up. 绷紧(或:上紧)一点Turn on the cooling water for the windlasses. 开锚机刹车冷却水Retrieve the No.1 to No.8 anchors. 起1到8号锚Check the paint marks at the anchor winches. 检查锚机上的油漆记号Prepare for a location move. 准备好移井位Commence anchor handling. 开始起锚(或抛锚)Secure all equipment stored on deck. 固定好所有存放在甲板上的设备Carry out stability and load calculations. 做稳性和载荷计算Pass pendant line, shackle and buoy to anchor handling vessel. 将起抛锚短索, 卸扣和浮标吊起给起锚船Lower the windward anchor to seafloor. 抛上风锚到海底Pick up the leeward anchor first. 先起下风锚Take anchor chaser (or chaser) back to rig. 将捞/抛锚环送回平台Hook up towing lines to tug boat. 将拖缆连接到拖轮Sound fog signal for two seconds every twenty seconds. 发大雾信号, 每20秒钟响两秒Fishing 打捞The bit cutters have been lost in the hole. 牙轮落井Run in the reverse-circulation basket. 下反循环打捞篮There is a lot of junk in the hole. 井下有很多落物The fish is 235.46 meters long. 落鱼长度235.46米The fish top is at 2478.34 meters. 鱼顶位置2478.34米Coring 取芯Stop drilling for coring. 停钻准备取芯Make up core bit. 接取芯钻头What type of core bit is it? 这是什么型号的取芯钻头?Run in a diamond core bit. 下金刚石取芯钻头Let’s drop the ball for coring. 可以投球取芯The core has been broken off. 岩芯断了Put the core in the boxes. 把岩芯装在岩芯盒里Don’t brake suddenly. 不要猛刹车Take out the core. 岩芯出筒How long is the core? 岩芯多长The core recovery is 98%. 岩芯收获率是98%Run in the core barrel again. 继续下岩芯筒(或: 取芯筒)Run in hole core barrel. 下取芯筒Drop ball. 投钢球Recover core. 取出岩芯Use same parameters as for core #1. 使用与1#取芯同样的参数Freeing Stuck Pipe 卡钻与解卡The down-hole problems are very complicated. 井下情况很复杂The hole is tight. 遇阻了Overpull while tripping out. 起钻遇卡(overpull: 超拉力)The formation is unstable. 地层不稳定The wall caving is severe. 井壁垮塌严重There are many return cuttings. 返出岩屑特别多The mud returns have decreased. 返出泥浆减少The hole is enlarged. 井眼扩大了The pipe’s stuck. 卡钻了Pull up to 150 tons. 上提150吨Slack off to 50 tons. 下放至50吨Ream down all the tight points. 在所有遇阻点进行划眼The rotary table can’t rotate. 转盘转不动Where is the sticking point? 卡点在哪里Make a tensile test. 做拉伸试验Back it off above the free point. 在卡点以上倒扣Where is the back-off position? 脱扣位置在哪Plug the well for side tracking. 打水泥塞侧钻Abnormal Well Condition and Well Control异常井况与压井The mud is gas out. 泥浆有气侵The pit has lowered quickly. 泥浆池液面下降很快The hole lost returns. 井口不返泥浆The returns are unstable. 返出泥浆量忽大忽小Where’s the thief zone? 漏失层在哪里Cut down the flow rate. 降低排量Lower the mud density. 降低比重Cut down the hydrostatic pressure. 减少静压The gas smell is strong. 天然气味度很浓There’s some trace of oil. 发现有油花The pump pressure is fluctuating. 泵压不稳It is a zone of abnormal pressure. 这是异常压力层The hole (well) is kicking! 井涌啦!Shut in the BOP! 关闭防喷器Sound the general alarm quickly! 快发出综合警报The stand pipe pressure is 10 kg/cm2. 立管压力10公斤/厘米2The casing pressure is 25 kg/cm2. 套压2510公斤/厘米2Fill out the kill sheet. 填写压井记录表Kill the well. 压井There’s a combination of lost returns and the kick. 又喷又漏, 情况复杂Reverse the gas out of the hole. 反循环排气What’s the lag time? 迟到时间是多少The well is now stable. 现在井眼已经稳定BOP and subsea Equipment 防喷器与水下设备Cut off the 30”conductor. 割掉30”隔水管Weld on the 30”bottom flange. 焊接30”法兰Hoist and nipple up 30”diverter. 吊装30”转喷器Change the 5”pipe rams to 3-1/2”rams. 把这个5”闸板换成3-1/2”Install blind ram. 安装防喷器的盲板芯子Check the seal ring of the conductor. 检查隔水管密封圈Cut off the lifting eye of the conductor. 切割隔水管耳环Test BOP. 测试防喷器Change annular BOP packing. 更换万能防喷器芯子Full pressure test the ram preventers. 对闸板防喷器进行全压试压Test annular BOP at 2500psi. 万能防喷器试压至2500psiCheck annular pressure. 检查环形空间压力Confirm the angle of the guide base. 确定基板角度The thread is covered with the quick-release protectors. 已戴好快卸护丝Establish the guide lines. 装导向绳Connect the TGB running tool. 接临时导向基板送入工具Land the TGB to sea. 下临时导向基板到海底Retrieve the running tool. 退出送入工具Run the BOP and risers. 下防喷器和隔水管Pick up the marine riser. 吊出隔水管Pick up the slip joint. 起伸缩节Adjust the riser tensioners. 调整隔水管张力Function test the diverter system. 对防喷器系统进行功能测试Retrieve the pin connector. 取出销钉连接器Move the BOP to the moonpool door. 将防喷器移到园井甲板的活动门上Run the test plug. 下试压塞Close the upper pipe ram. 关上部钻杆闸板防喷器Open the kill line valve. 开压井管线阀The compensation capacity is 400000 pounds. 补偿能力是400千磅The locking load is 1000000 pounds. 锁紧负荷1000千磅Support the riser. 接隔水管支撑环Remove the hose bundles. 卸下垮接软管Assure the self-controlled rotation. 保证自控转动Set the LMRP on the test pump. 将下部防喷器插入总成座放到试压桩上Connect the flex joint to the riser. 连接隔水管与挠性接头Land the BOP onto the well head. 座防喷器到井口头Run the subsea TV for monitoring. 下水下电视观察Remove all the riser running tools. 取出所有的隔水管送入工具BOP carrier. 防喷器叉车Lower the universal guide frame. 下放万能导向架Paint mark the top 6 meters of 30”conductor white. 在30”隔水管的顶部6米处用白漆涂上记号Check adequate length for guidelines. 检查导向绳的长度是否足够Move temporary guide base (TGB) into moonpool. 将临时导向基板到园井甲板Test pull to check connection. 试拉检查连接Grease TGB and running tool as required. 按要求给导向基板及下入工具上黄油Test fit TGB and running tool. 用下入工具试临时导向基板连接Check for junk inside shoe joint. 检查浮鞋内有无落物Pick up 30”conductor handling slings and shackles. 吊上下30”导管的索具和卸扣Is slope indicator properly mounted? 水平仪是否装好?Ensure subsea TV is in good condition. 确保水下电视处于良好的状态Place BOP stack on the test pump. 将防喷器组放在试压桩上Check condition of all 30”casing connectors. 检查所有30”套管接头的情况Replace O-rings as required. 按需要, 更换O性密封圈Attach slope indicator below camera position. 在摄像机下面装上水平仪Inspect and repair diverter. 检查并修理转喷器Prepare spud plate and wireline to check water depth. 准备测深板和钢丝绳测量水深Record all pressure tests on a chart recorder. 用试压表记录试压记录Visually inspect all sealing element. 目视检查所有密封件Check and tighten all bolts. 检查并上紧所有螺栓Bleed off surface accumulators. 地面管线排空气Check for leaks. 检查有无泄漏Lift BOP stack and replace wellhead connector AX ring. 吊起防喷器组并更换连接器AX密封圈Function test wellhead. 对井口头进行功能试验Fill kill and choke valves with seawater. 将压井阀和阻流阀注满海水Pressure test to 500psi then bleed off test pressure. 试压到500psi, 然后放掉压力Reduce hydraulic control manifold pressure to 5200 kpa. 将液压控制管线压力减少到5200千帕Switch to alternate control pod. 把闸门开关倒到控制面板Guidelines are slacked off. 导向绳松了Slack off drill pipe and release running tool. 放松钻杆并卸开下入工具Run subsea TV to observe bit entering the TGB. 下水电视观察钻头是否进入临时导向基板Don’t rotate until hole opener passes through the TGB. 在扩眼器通过临时导向基板前不要旋转Position permanent guide base (PGB) below rotary table. 在转盘下安放永久导向基板Monitor riser level via trip tank. 用计量罐来控制隔水管内的液面Pressure test to 5000psi. 试压5000psiPick up test mandril and place in BOP. 吊起试压防喷器芯子并装入防喷器组Safety and Firefighting 安全与消防Get a Work Permit before you can start the hot work. 办理作业许可证才能进行动火作业Welding is not allowed. 不准动焊Put on your (safety) helmet. 戴上安全帽It’s a high voltage area. 这是高压区That’s against the rule. 这是违章作业Don’t walk under the crane load. 不要在吊物下走动The repairing is under way. 正在检修Keep your hands clear! (Keep you hands off! Do not touch!) 不要乱动Wear and secure your safety belt. 戴上并系好安全带Life jacket must be worn when working outboard or overhead. 舷外或高空作业要穿救生衣Have your breathing apparatus near you. 保持放毒面具在附近It’s a drill. 这是演习It was a BOP drill. 这是防喷演习Get in the lifeboat in order. 按顺序进入救生艇Put on life jacket! 穿好救生衣Abandon the vessel! 弃船Sound the abandonment alarm! 发出弃船警报Go to the helideck! 去飞机坪集合Aboard the lifeboat. 登上救生艇Aboard the supply boat to shore! 乘拖船上岸Check life saving apparatus periodically. 定期检查救生设备It’s for fire fighting. 这是消防用的Start the fire pump. 启动消防泵This rope is too small. 这根绳子太细了It should be function tested. 需做功能测试A warning notice should be set up. 要挂警告牌Do you have an emergency program (contingency plan)? 你们有没有应急计划?It must be ready in an emergency condition. 必须始终保持良好的应急状态Will the typhoon hit our rig? 台风要袭击我们的平台吗?We will have to evacuate the rig. 我们要撤离平台Personnel on board (POB). 在船人员总数Sound fire alarm. 发消防警报This is a fire drill. 这是消防演习conduct abandon ship drill. 举行弃船演习Release the boat hooks. 释放救生艇吊钩Board the life boat. 登救生艇Remove the rust and paint with anti-corrosive primer. 除锈后上防锈底漆Three rafts are located near life boat station port side. 在左舷救生艇站附近还存放有3个救生筏Wear work vests when working below the cellar deck. 在圆井甲板面下面工作时须穿工作救生衣The station bills need to be updated. 应急部署表须更新Check the expiry date for all foam extinguisher. 检查所有泡沫灭火器的过期时间Close all the water-tight doors. 关闭所有水密门Safety procedure shall be followed at all the times. 在任何时候都应遵守安全程序Anchor wires should have a Spelter type socket at anchor side. 抛锚绳靠锚的一端应使用锌压头Colour code all the connection at the loading station. 在供给站管线接头处用颜色表明各管线Verify that a high level alarm is installed on the sludge tank. 确认污水舱安装有高位警报Don’t switch on during drilling operation. 钻井作业期间不能合闸Provide two independent means to start the emergency generator engine. 应急发电机柴油机应有两套独立的起动方法Have the boom pennant wires of port crane re-certified. 重新认证左舷吊车扒杆变幅绳Clean the internals of the emergency switchboard. 清洁应急配电盘内部Helicopter and Supply Vessel 直升机与供应船Load out Contractor’s riser at Zhanjiang anchorage. 在湛江锚地把承包商的隔水管装上平台Offload casing. (从供应船上)卸套管Load (offload or unload) the boat. 装(卸)船Get the food container loaded on the boat. 把食品集装箱装上船The helicopter will land on rig soon. 直升机很快就要在平台降落Tell the base to get (or send) a chopper here. 通知基地派飞机来Helicopters are not allowed to land here. 飞机不能降落Report the weather condition to the pilot. 向飞行员报天气Inform the boat come to standby. 通知拖轮过来待命Call the boat to come along port side. 通知拖轮过来靠左舷We will take the personnel basket. 我们乘坐吊篮Repair and Maintenance 检修Have an overall check. 进行全面检查MPI the brake linkage system. 对刹车连接系统进行磁粉探伤Demonstrate that the make-up cathead can pull 7000 lbs. 证明上扣猫头能拉到7000磅Determine the origin of the air leak and rectify this. 找出漏气的地方并处理Adjust the brake band equalizer beam properly. 适当调整刹带平衡梁Note that the 3000 hour inspection on TDS is due. 注意顶驱的3000小时保养时间已到Check sheave rope pocket wear with a 1 3/8”+1 1/32 template. 用1 3/8”+1/32”量规检查绳槽磨损的情况Repair the handrails on the crown. 修理天车台的栏杆Function test the anti-freefall brake on monthly basis. 每月对天车防碰装置进行功能试验Get me a spanner, please. 请递给我一把扳手Renew brake rim because of excessive wear. 更换磨损严重的刹车鼓Clearly mark safe working load (SWL) on the air winch below the rig floor. 表明钻台底下气动绞车的安全工作负荷Measure the master bushings for wear. 测量主补心磨损情况Have BOP ram opened up for internal inspection. 打开防喷器闸板进行内部检查Install a ground cable on the triplex pump motor. 给三缸泵马达安装接地线We need a 48”pipe wrench. 我们需要一把48”的管钳Strike it with a sledge hammer. 用大锤打We want a triangle file. 需要一把三角锉刀Tighten up the screw. 紧一下螺丝Check it with a level. 用水平尺量一下Put some engine oil. 抹点黄油Have it greased. 给它上黄油Put out of hole test string. 取出测试管串Check all the equipment. 检查所有设备There’s something wrong with it. 有点毛病Rig inspection will be performed in August. 验船安排在8月份Maintain the hoisting system. 保养提升系统Adjust the brake band. 调整绞车刹带Change the oil in the rotary gear box (transmission). 更换转盘变速箱机油Replace one water pump. 倒换一台冷却泵It’s quick-discharge air valve. 这是快速放气阀This clutch needs repair. 这台离合器需修理This tong needs replacing. 这把钳要更换了Slip 6 meters of the drilling line. 滑移钻井大绳6米Cut off 45 meters of the drilling line. 切割大绳45米Check the pump liners and pistons. 检查(泥浆)泵缸套和活塞The piston has been washed. 活塞刺坏了The supercharge pump doesn’t take in water. 灌注泵不上水Regulate the relief valve. 调整安全阀This part number is wrong. 这个配件号不对The multi-pen recorder has some problem. 多笔记录仪坏了Miscellaneous 其他No smoking here. 此处严禁吸烟Everything is OK. 一切准备就绪Speed up please. 请快点The geologist must be present. 地质人员必须到场We have to wait on weather. 必须等候天气There will be strong wind. 有强风Give me a hand, please. 请帮一下忙Do you understand? 明白吗?No way! 不行Man overboard! 有人落水Help! Help! 救命Someone is injured. Medic! 有人受伤了, 医生Call for the medic. 叫医生Get a stretcher please. 拿担架来No more than 4 persons. 不能超过4人Drinking liquor is not allowed. 不许喝酒Don’t overrun your equipment. 不要超负荷运转Be careful at work. 工作时要小心No joking here. 别开玩笑Rig up for logging. 准备电测What is the next step? 下一步怎么办?Get everything ready as soon as possible! 尽快做好一切准备附录一: 平台人员岗位名称一. 承包商人员( Contractor’s Personnel ) Rig Manager 平台经理Equipment Supervisor 设备总监Materials Supervisor 材料总监Senior Toolpusher 高级队长Junior Toolpusher 值班队长Driller 司钻Sub Sea Engineer (SSE) 水下工程师Assistant Driller (AD) 副司钻Derrick Man 井架工Floor Man (roughneck) 钻工Barge Master (captain) 船长First Mate (Barge engineer) 大副Control Room Operator (CRO) 压载工Ballast Control Operator (BCO) 压载工Chief Engineer 轮机长Head of Routabout 甲板班长Crane Operator 吊车工Routabout 甲板工Mechanic 机械师Electrician 电气师Repairman 修理工Motorman 轮机员Welder 焊工Radio Operator 电报员Warehouse Man (stock Keeper) 材料员Medic 医生Safety Supervisor 安全监督Interpreter (translator) 翻译Chief Steward 管事Cook 厨师Steward 厨工Laundry Man 洗衣工二. 作业者及服务公司人员( Operator’s Personnel and Service Company Personnel)Drilling Superintendent 钻井监督Company Man (Operator’s Representative) 公司代表Geologist 地质师Mud Logging Engineer (Mud logger) 泥浆录井工程师Sample Catcher 捞砂工Mud Engineer 泥浆工程师ROV Engineer 潜水工程师Cementer 固井工Cement Engineer 固井工程师Testing Engineer 试油工程师Coring Engineer 取芯工程师Wireline Logging Engineer电测工程师附录二: 平台主要设备一. 钻井设备(Drilling Equipment):Drawworks 钻井绞车Rotary Table 转盘Bushing 补心Top Drive System (TDS) 顶驱Swivel 水龙头Crown Block 天车Traveling Block 游车Hook 大钩Derrick 井架Pipe Spinning Wrench 钻杆气动扳手Ezy-Torq 液压猫头Elmagco Brake 涡磁刹车Pipe handling Equipment 钻杆移动设备Iron roughneck 铁钻工Pipe Racking System 钻杆排放系统Drill String 钻柱Drilling Sub 钻井短节Fishing Tool 打捞工具Power Tong 动力大钳Air Winch (air tugger) 气动绞车Crown-O-Matic (Crown Saver) 防碰天车二. 泥浆系统(Mud System)Mud Pump 泥浆泵Shale shaker 振动筛Mud Cleaner 泥浆清洁器Desilter 除泥器Desander 除砂器Degasser 除气器Centrifuge 离心机Mud Agitator 泥浆搅拌器Mud Mixing System 泥浆混合系统Centrifugal Pump 离心泵Standpipe Manifold 立管管汇Rotary Hose 水龙带Bulk Air System and Tank 吹灰系统和灰罐三. 井控设备(Well Control Equipment): Ram Type Preventor 闸板防喷器Annular Type Preventor 万能防喷器BOP Stack 防喷器组Gate Valve 闸阀Choke and Kill Manifold 阻流压井管汇Remotely Operated Panel 远程控制面板Choke Control Panel 阻流控制面板BOP Handling Equipment 防喷器搬运设备Diverter 转喷器四. 海事系统(Marine System)Ballast System 压载系统Bilge System 污水系统Vent 通风口, 通气口Air Supply Fan 供气扇Mooring System 锚泊系统Communication Equipment 通讯系统Jacking System 升降系统Skidding System 井架滑移系统Windlass 锚机Anchor 锚Pendant 短索Buoy 浮标Lifting and Handling Equipment 起吊和搬运设备五. 机房(Engine Room)Diesel Engine 柴油机Emergency Generator 应急发电机Water Maker (desalinization unit) 造淡机Air Compressor 空气压缩机Boiler 锅炉Air-conditioning System 空调系统Sea Water Service Pump 海水供给系统Piping System 管汇系统Generator 发电机Transformer 变压器DC Motor 直流马达AC Motor 交流马达六. 安全设备(Safety Equipment)Fire Control System 消防控制系统Fire Detection System 火情探测系统CO2 System 二氧化碳系统Fixed Fire Extinguishing System 固定消防系统Portable Extinguisher 移动灭火器Fire-Fight Equipment 消防设备Foam System 泡沫系统Lifeboat 救生艇(Inflatable) Life Raft (气涨式)救生筏Davit 吊艇架Escape Routes 逃生路线Breathing Apparatus 呼吸器Life Buoy 救生圈Gas Detection System 气体探测系统Helicopter Facility 直升机设施Sick-Bay (Hospital) 医务室Pollution Control 防污控制七. 其他( Others)Cementing Unit 固井装置Well Testing Equipment 试油设备Mud Logging Unit 泥浆录井房Wire Logging Unit 电测装置ROV 潜水器Meter 米Foot 英尺Inch 英寸Supply Boat (supply vessel) 供应船Standby boat 值班船Day (night) Shift 白(夜)班Crew Change 倒班Crew 船员, 队员, 井队Position 岗位Draft (draught) 吃水Air Gap 空气间隙, 气隙Penetration (桩腿插桩)入泥Evacuation 撤离Rig (Drilling rig) 钻机, 钻井船附录三. 平台场所Bow 船首Stern 船尾Forward (FWD) or fore 船首的Aft 船尾的Port 左舷Starboard (STBD) 右舷Upper Deck 上部甲板Main Deck 主甲板Quarters (living quarters, accommodation area) 生活区Drill Floor (Rig floor) 钻台Bridge (Pilot house, Steerwheel house) 驾驶室Control Room 控制室Helideck 直升机甲板Cementing Unit Room 固井泵房Air Compressor Room 空气压缩机房BOP Control Room BOP控制房Radio Room 报房Engine Room 机房Thruster Room 推进器房Warehouse (Store) 材料库房Paint Room (paint locker) 油漆房库Leg 桩腿Jacking House 升降室Column 立柱Sack Storage Area 散装材料储存区Mud pit 泥浆池Cellar Deck 圆井甲板Riser Rack Area 隔水管排放区Pipe Rack Area 钻杆排放区Pipe Slide 滑道Ramp 坡道Spud Tank 桩脚箱Pontoon 浮箱Moonpool 月池/园井甲板Pump Room 泵房Shale Shaker House 振动筛房Coffee Room 咖啡室Rig Office 平台办公室Mess (dining) Room 餐厅Recreation Room 娱乐房TV RoomChange Room 工衣房Kitchen 厨房附录四. 钻具,井口工具,打捞工具Drill Pipe 钻杆Drill Collar 钻铤Heavy Weight Drill Pipe 加重钻杆Elevator 吊卡Tong 大钳Make-up Tong 上扣大钳Break-out Tong 卸扣大钳Mud Box 泥浆防喷盒Casing Stabbing Board 套管扶正器Slips 卡瓦Spider 卡盘Mouse Hole 小鼠洞(接单根用) Kelly Spinner 方钻杆旋转器Kelly Cock 方钻杆阀Chain Tong 链钳Casing 套管Tubing 油管Drill String 钻柱Jar (drilling jar) 震击器Right Hand Thread 正扣Left Hand Thread 反扣Stabilizer 扶正器Rabbit 通管器Liner 尾管Conductor 导管Thread Protector 护丝Stand (钻杆)立柱Single (钻杆) 单根Joint (钻具) 接头Bend 弯头Sub 短节Pup Joint 短钻杆, 短节Connector 接头Bit 钻头Bit Breaker 钻头装卸器Box 母扣Pin 公扣Hole Opener 开眼钻头Reamer 扩眼钻头Overshot 打捞筒Junk Basket 打捞篮Junk Mill 平头磨鞋Spear 打捞矛Fishing Tap 打捞公锥Cross Over Sub (XO Sub) 转换接头Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 下部钻具组合附录五. 材料和工具Steel 钢Iron 铁Wood 木Chemicals 化学品Cement 水泥Barite 重晶石Potable Water 淡水Drilling Water 钻井水Sea Water 海水Fuel 柴油Helifuel 飞机燃油Lubricant (Lube/Lube oil) 润滑油Grease 黄油Thread Dope 丝扣油Ballast Water 压载水Bilge Water 舱底水Gasoline 汽油Mud 泥浆Bentonite 般土Additive 添加剂Caustic Soda 烧碱Weight Material 加重材料Thinner 稀释剂Oxygen 氧气Nitrogen 氮气Hydrogen Sulphide 硫化氢Acetylene 乙炔Compressed Air 压缩空气Hydraulic Fluid 液压油Spanner 扳手Hammer 铁锤Screw Driver 螺丝刀Multimeter 万用表Welding Machine 焊机Bar 撬杠Shackle 卸扣Sling (钢丝) 绳套Container 集装箱附录六. 常用缩写形式BHA: bottom hole assembly 下部钻具组合DP: drill pipe 钻杆DC: drill collar 钻铤HWDP: heavy weight drill pipe 加重钻杆BOP: blowout preventer 防喷器TD: total depth 总深TVD: true vertical depth (定向井的)垂直深度SCR: silicon controlled rectifier 可控硅OD: outside diameter 外径ID: inside diameter 内径BBL: barrel 桶LB: (拉丁语) Libra=pound (重量单位)PSI: pound per square inch 磅/英寸2GAL: gallon 加仑POOH: pull out of hole 起钻RIH: run in hole 下钻WOW: wait on weather 等候天气WOC: wait on cement 候凝JU: Jackup 自升式(钻井船)SEMI: semi submersible 半潜式(钻井船)RPM: revolution per minute 转速/分钟LPM: liter per minute 升/分钟KN: knot 节(海里/小时)SWL: safe working load 安全工作负荷API: American Petroleum Institute 美国石油协会IADC: international association of drilling contractors 国际钻井承包商协会MPI: magnetic particle inspection 磁粉探伤。

A Handbook of English for Offshore Oil Drilling海洋石油钻井常用英语手册Drilling 钻井Carry out drilling operation in accordance with the drilling program.按钻井程序进行钻井作业.Prepared bell nipple. 准备”喇叭口”短节.Make up 2 joints of drill pipe. 接两根钻杆.Break out this connection. 卸开该接头.Run hole opener to sea bed. 下扩眼器到海底Mix gel fluid for drilling conductor hole. 为钻导管井眼配制高粘度泥浆.Make up bottom hole assembly. 组合下部钻具Check and reset crown-saver on every tour. 每个班都要检查并重新调整天车防碰装置. Number stands on trip out and trip in. 起下钻时给立柱编号.Pick up BHA and run to seafloor. 将下部钻具下到海底.Pick up stands. 接立柱Don’t drill faster than 15 minutes for 1 stand. 钻进速度别超过15分钟1根立柱Drop TOTCO. 投(陶特)测斜仪Fish TOTCO with overshot. 用打捞筒捞起测斜仪Resume drilling to T.D. 继续钻进到总深Circulate 15 minutes.循环15分钟Run in hole. 下钻Put out of hole. 起钻Make an inventory of all ring gaskets. 开一个所有垫圈的清单Use spinning tong. 使用气动扳手Operate the air winch. 操作气动绞车Lay down 57 joints of 5” drill pipe. 甩57根钻杆Pick up drill stem test tool. 提起钻杆测试工具Circulate mud for 2 hours. 循环泥浆2小时Move string during circulation. 在循环时注意活动钻具Circulate hole clean. 循环清洗井眼Circulate bottoms up. 循环泥浆几周Fill up every 5 stands. 每5柱灌泥浆一次Check mud weight every 15 minutes. 每15分钟检查泥浆比重Reverse out excess cement. 反循环替出多余的泥浆Change/replace old mud by new mud. 用新的泥浆替换出旧的泥浆Stop drilling. 停止钻进Drilling ahead. 钻进Pull out of hole bit. 起出钻头Change bit. 换钻头Run the wear bushing. 下抗磨补心The bit thread type is regular pin. 钻头丝扣是正规公扣What’s the make-up torque? 上扣扭矩要多大?Run in 9” collars. 下9”钻铤The cathead can’t give enough torque. 猫头力量不够Connect crossover sub. 接上配合接头The tong angle is too small. 大钳的角度太小了Stop circulating. 停止循环泥浆Break out the stand. 卸立柱Set the single into the mousehole. 把这个单根放进鼠洞Can we break out the pipe with rotary table? 可用转盘卸扣吗?No! Break it out with tong. 不行! 要用大钳卸扣Spin it out with the air spanner. 用气动扳手卸扣Put the pipe wiper on the string. 装上钻杆刮泥器Don’t set this stand back. 这根钻杆不要放在钻杆盒上Make up the lift sub. 接好提升短节Secure the safety clamp. 上紧安全卡瓦The bit is nearing the shoe. 钻头快到套管鞋了Slow down the running speed. 放慢下放速度This is the undergauged interval. 这是缩径井段This is the drilling program. 这是钻井设计书How much weight on bit is required? 要加多少钻压?Keep the rotary speed at 120---140 RPM. 转速保持120---140转/分Keep the flow rate at 3000 LPM. 保持排量3000升/分The pump pressure is too high. 泵压太高了Don’t ream the hole too fast. 划眼不要太快Notice the rotary torque. 注意转盘扭矩的变化The penetration rate is getting slower. 钻速变慢了The bit is nearly worn out. 钻头快磨光了Stop drilling at 2000 meters. 钻至2000米停钻Circulate for one hour. 循环一个小时The pump pressure has increased. 泵压升高了One nozzle may be plugged. 可能有一个水眼(或: 喷嘴)堵了What is the hook load? 悬重多少?What’s the pick-up weight? 上提重量是多少?What’s the lowering weight? 下放重量是多少?Run in HWDP. 下加重钻杆A stabilizer is needed here. 这里需要一个扶正器This is a flexible sub. 这是挠性接头This is the BHA log. 这是下部钻具组合记录Record all outside and inside diameters. 记录好所有(入井工具的)内外径We need a short drill collar. 需要一根短钻铤Pull the cat line. 拉猫头Operate the break lever. 操作(或:扶)刹把Stop the pumps. 停泵Make a wiper trip. 通井Retrieve wear bushing. 取出抗磨补心Bleed off pressure. (释)放压(力)Keep 5 wraps on the drum. 滚筒上留5圈Set slips. 座上卡瓦If tight hole, repeat wiper trip. 如果井眼紧, 重复划眼Setback bottom hole assembly. 将下部钻具立于钻杆盒内Make sure all alarms are on. 确保所有的警报信号都开着Lay down TDS spinner. 拆下顶部驱动的旋扣器Run in hole bit #15 to bottom. 用15号钻头下钻到井底Run in hole to casing shoe. 下钻至套管鞋Pick up same bit and BHA. 装上同样的钻头和钻具组合Lay down 5” HW drill pipe. 甩5”加重钻杆Move string every 2 hours. 每2小时活动钻具一次Keep area around shaker clean. 保持振动筛区域干净Control trip gas. 控制起下钻气Ream if needed. 如必要时进行划眼Select the best penetration rate. 选择最佳钻进速度Fix the traveling assembly. 固定游动系统Check power tongs and spinning rope are on drill floor. 检查动力钳和尾绳是否在钻台What’s the weight on bit? 钻压是多少?What is the BHA of this well? 这口井的下部钻具如何组合?Drill out cement. 钻穿水泥Drill out 20” casing shoe. 钻穿20”套管鞋Latch the elevator. 扣吊卡Unlatch the elevator. 开吊卡Set the slips. 放卡瓦Adjust the crown-o-matic (crown saver). 调整防碰天车Lock the hook pin. 锁紧大钩销子Check OD of stabilizer. 检查扶正器的外径Perform leak off test. 进行地层破裂(或:渗漏)测试Connect kill and choke line. 接上压井和放喷管线Reverse out the drill pipe. 反循环清洗钻杆Make a short trip. 进行短途起下钻Change the cutters. 换割刀Slug the pipe. 灌重泥浆Drill the stand down. 钻完立柱Start/run the shale shaker. 开振动筛Start the desanders. 开除砂器Start the desilters. 开除泥器Change it with a 40 mesh screen. 换成40目筛布Shut it off. 关掉Pull it to the cat ramp. 把它拉到坡道上去Make a fast connection. 接单根要快Don’t dump the mud into the sea. 不要把泥浆排放到海里Disconnect it with a chain tong. 用链钳卸开Put a thread protector. 加一个(丝扣)护箍Can we use the power slips? 可以使用动力卡瓦吗?Casing and Cementing 下套管与固井Run in hole to bottom for wiper trip. 下钻通井This is the casing program. 这是套管程序Prepare for running casing. 准备下套管Make everything ready for running 7”casing. 做好下7”套管的准备Make cementing job. 固井Displace cementing with mud pump. 用泥浆泵替泥浆Set cement plug from 2940 to 2790m. 在2940到2790米井段打水泥塞Pick up cementing head. 接水泥头Cement samples are hard. 水泥样已凝固Pump in 3 cubic meters of spacer. 注3方隔离液Pump down the plug. 泵压(胶)塞Wait on cement. 候凝The guide shoe will be connected. 接引鞋Connect the floor collar. 接浮箍Connect the air line to the casing stabbing board. 接好套管扶正台的气管线Run casing with the 350T slip elevator. 用350吨卡瓦式吊卡下套管Clean and dry 20” casing threads with rags. 清洁并擦干20”套管丝扣Where is the rabbit for drifting the casing? 套管通径规在哪里?Rig Move, Anchoring and Positioning 拖航, 抛锚, 定位What is our position now? 我们现在船位在哪里?What’s the moving speed now? (What’s the towering speed?) 拖航速度是多少? The speed is about 4 knots. 船速是4节左右Which one is the main tug? 主拖是哪条船?The main tug is Nanhai 205. 主拖是南海205Which one is the chase boat? 护航船是哪一条?How much is the horse power? 有多大马力?She has 6000 HP. 有6000马力Move the rig off location 50 feet. 将平台移开50英尺We are ready to drop the anchor. 我们已经做好抛锚的准备了Secure all the movable equipment. 固定好各种活动的设备Preload. (自升式)压载Ballast. (半潜式)压载Put the preload water into the tank. 向压载舱灌压压载水We need 5500 tons of preload water. 需要5500吨压载水Shall we preload right now? 马上开始压载吗?Drain the water off. 放水The rig is overloaded. 平台已超载Jack up (jack down) the rig. 升(降)船The draft is 3.5 meters. 船体吃水3.5米The jetting pressure is 100psi. 冲桩压力是100psiPenetrate the legs. 插桩How much penetration do we have? 入泥多深了?No.1 and No.2 legs indicate 10 meters. 1,2号桩腿插入10米Fix the upper and lower wedges. 固定上下楔块Pay out the anchor line. 放出锚缆绳Skid the derrick. 移开井架The rig is short of potable water now. 平台缺乏饮用水Drop No.2 and No.3 anchors. 抛2号和3号锚Why has the main engine stopped? 主机为什么停?Unleash the drilling tools. 卸开钻具Tighten up. 绷紧(或:上紧)一点Turn on the cooling water for the windlasses. 开锚机刹车冷却水Retrieve the No.1 to No.8 anchors. 起1到8号锚Check the paint marks at the anchor winches. 检查锚机上的油漆记号Prepare for a location move. 准备好移井位Commence anchor handling. 开始起锚(或抛锚)Secure all equipment stored on deck. 固定好所有存放在甲板上的设备Carry out stability and load calculations. 做稳性和载荷计算Pass pendant line, shackle and buoy to anchor handling vessel. 将起抛锚短索, 卸扣和浮标吊起给起锚船Lower the windward anchor to seafloor. 抛上风锚到海底Pick up the leeward anchor first. 先起下风锚Take anchor chaser (or chaser) back to rig. 将捞/抛锚环送回平台Hook up towing lines to tug boat. 将拖缆连接到拖轮Sound fog signal for two seconds every twenty seconds. 发大雾信号, 每20秒钟响两秒Fishing 打捞The bit cutters have been lost in the hole. 牙轮落井Run in the reverse-circulation basket. 下反循环打捞篮There is a lot of junk in the hole. 井下有很多落物The fish is 235.46 meters long. 落鱼长度235.46米The fish top is at 2478.34 meters. 鱼顶位置2478.34米Coring 取芯Stop drilling for coring. 停钻准备取芯Make up core bit. 接取芯钻头What type of core bit is it? 这是什么型号的取芯钻头?Run in a diamond core bit. 下金刚石取芯钻头Let’s drop the ball for coring. 可以投球取芯The core has been broken off. 岩芯断了Put the core in the boxes. 把岩芯装在岩芯盒里Don’t brake suddenly. 不要猛刹车Take out the core. 岩芯出筒How long is the core? 岩芯多长The core recovery is 98%. 岩芯收获率是98%Run in the core barrel again. 继续下岩芯筒(或: 取芯筒)Run in hole core barrel. 下取芯筒Drop ball. 投钢球Recover core. 取出岩芯Use same parameters as for core #1. 使用与1#取芯同样的参数Freeing Stuck Pipe 卡钻与解卡The down-hole problems are very complicated. 井下情况很复杂The hole is tight. 遇阻了Overpull while tripping out. 起钻遇卡(overpull: 超拉力)The formation is unstable. 地层不稳定The wall caving is severe. 井壁垮塌严重There are many return cuttings. 返出岩屑特别多The mud returns have decreased. 返出泥浆减少The hole is enlarged. 井眼扩大了The pipe’s stuck. 卡钻了Pull up to 150 tons. 上提150吨Slack off to 50 tons. 下放至50吨Ream down all the tight points. 在所有遇阻点进行划眼The rotary table can’t rotate. 转盘转不动Where is the sticking point? 卡点在哪里Make a tensile test. 做拉伸试验Back it off above the free point. 在卡点以上倒扣Where is the back-off position? 脱扣位置在哪Plug the well for side tracking. 打水泥塞侧钻Abnormal Well Condition and Well Control异常井况与压井The mud is gas out. 泥浆有气侵The pit has lowered quickly. 泥浆池液面下降很快The hole lost returns. 井口不返泥浆The returns are unstable. 返出泥浆量忽大忽小Where’s the thief zone? 漏失层在哪里Cut down the flow rate. 降低排量Lower the mud density. 降低比重Cut down the hydrostatic pressure. 减少静压The gas smell is strong. 天然气味度很浓There’s some trace of oil. 发现有油花The pump pressure is fluctuating. 泵压不稳It is a zone of abnormal pressure. 这是异常压力层The hole (well) is kicking! 井涌啦!Shut in the BOP! 关闭防喷器Sound the general alarm quickly! 快发出综合警报The stand pipe pressure is 10 kg/cm2. 立管压力10公斤/厘米2The casing pressure is 25 kg/cm2. 套压2510公斤/厘米2Fill out the kill sheet. 填写压井记录表Kill the well. 压井There’s a combination of lost returns and the kick. 又喷又漏, 情况复杂Reverse the gas out of the hole. 反循环排气What’s the lag time? 迟到时间是多少The well is now stable. 现在井眼已经稳定BOP and subsea Equipment 防喷器与水下设备Cut off the 30” conductor. 割掉30”隔水管Weld on the 30” bottom flange. 焊接30”法兰Hoist and nipple up 30” diverter. 吊装30”转喷器Change the 5” pipe rams to 3-1/2” rams. 把这个5”闸板换成3-1/2”Install blind ram. 安装防喷器的盲板芯子Check the seal ring of the conductor. 检查隔水管密封圈Cut off the lifting eye of the conductor. 切割隔水管耳环Test BOP. 测试防喷器Change annular BOP packing. 更换万能防喷器芯子Full pressure test the ram preventers. 对闸板防喷器进行全压试压Test annular BOP at 2500psi. 万能防喷器试压至2500psiCheck annular pressure. 检查环形空间压力Confirm the angle of the guide base. 确定基板角度The thread is covered with the quick-release protectors. 已戴好快卸护丝Establish the guide lines. 装导向绳Connect the TGB running tool. 接临时导向基板送入工具Land the TGB to sea. 下临时导向基板到海底Retrieve the running tool. 退出送入工具石油钻井英语－－课堂上学不到的内容 2Run the BOP and risers. 下防喷器和隔水管Pick up the marine riser. 吊出隔水管Pick up the slip joint. 起伸缩节Adjust the riser tensioners. 调整隔水管张力Function test the diverter system. 对防喷器系统进行功能测试Retrieve the pin connector. 取出销钉连接器Move the BOP to the moonpool door. 将防喷器移到园井甲板的活动门上Run the test plug. 下试压塞Close the upper pipe ram. 关上部钻杆闸板防喷器Open the kill line valve. 开压井管线阀The compensation capacity is 400000 pounds. 补偿能力是400千磅The locking load is 1000000 pounds. 锁紧负荷1000千磅Support the riser. 接隔水管支撑环Remove the hose bundles. 卸下垮接软管Assure the self-controlled rotation. 保证自控转动Set the LMRP on the test pump. 将下部防喷器插入总成座放到试压桩上Connect the flex joint to the riser. 连接隔水管与挠性接头Land the BOP onto the well head. 座防喷器到井口头Run the subsea TV for monitoring. 下水下电视观察Remove all the riser running tools. 取出所有的隔水管送入工具BOP carrier. 防喷器叉车Lower the universal guide frame. 下放万能导向架Paint mark the top 6 meters of 30” conductor white. 在30”隔水管的顶部6米处用白漆涂上记号Check adequate length for guidelines. 检查导向绳的长度是否足够Move temporary guide base (TGB) into moonpool. 将临时导向基板到园井甲板Test pull to check connection. 试拉检查连接Grease TGB and running tool as required. 按要求给导向基板及下入工具上黄油Test fit TGB and running tool. 用下入工具试临时导向基板连接Check for junk inside shoe joint. 检查浮鞋内有无落物Pick up 30” conductor handling slings and shackles. 吊上下30”导管的索具和卸扣Is slope indicator properly mounted? 水平仪是否装好?Ensure subsea TV is in good condition. 确保水下电视处于良好的状态Place BOP stack on the test pump. 将防喷器组放在试压桩上Check condition of all 30” casing connectors. 检查所有30”套管接头的情况Replace O-rings as required. 按需要, 更换O性密封圈Attach slope indicator below camera position. 在摄像机下面装上水平仪Inspect and repair diverter. 检查并修理转喷器Prepare spud plate and wireline to check water depth. 准备测深板和钢丝绳测量水深Record all pressure tests on a chart recorder. 用试压表记录试压记录Visually inspect all sealing element. 目视检查所有密封件Check and tighten all bolts. 检查并上紧所有螺栓Bleed off surface accumulators. 地面管线排空气Check for leaks. 检查有无泄漏Lift BOP stack and replace wellhead connector AX ring. 吊起防喷器组并更换连接器AX密封圈Function test wellhead. 对井口头进行功能试验Fill kill and choke valves with seawater. 将压井阀和阻流阀注满海水Pressure test to 500psi then bleed off test pressure. 试压到500psi, 然后放掉压力Reduce hydraulic control manifold pressure to 5200 kpa. 将液压控制管线压力减少到5200千帕Switch to alternate control pod. 把闸门开关倒到控制面板Guidelines are slacked off. 导向绳松了Slack off drill pipe and release running tool. 放松钻杆并卸开下入工具Run subsea TV to observe bit entering the TGB. 下水电视观察钻头是否进入临时导向基板Don’t rotate until hole opener passes through the TGB. 在扩眼器通过临时导向基板前不要旋转Position permanent guide base (PGB) below rotary table. 在转盘下安放永久导向基板Monitor riser level via trip tank. 用计量罐来控制隔水管内的液面Pressure test to 5000psi. 试压5000psiPick up test mandril and place in BOP. 吊起试压防喷器芯子并装入防喷器组Safety and Firefighting 安全与消防Get a Work Permit before you can start the hot work. 办理作业许可证才能进行动火作业Welding is not allowed. 不准动焊Put on your (safety) helmet. 戴上安全帽It’s a high voltage area. 这是高压区That’s against the rule. 这是违章作业Don’t walk under the crane load. 不要在吊物下走动The repairing is under way. 正在检修Keep your hands clear! (Keep you hands off! Do not touch!) 不要乱动Wear and secure your safety belt. 戴上并系好安全带Life jacket must be worn when working outboard or overhead. 舷外或高空作业要穿救生衣Have your breathing apparatus near you. 保持放毒面具在附近It’s a drill. 这是演习It was a BOP drill. 这是防喷演习Get in the lifeboat in order. 按顺序进入救生艇Put on life jacket! 穿好救生衣Abandon the vessel! 弃船Sound the abandonment alarm! 发出弃船警报Go to the helideck! 去飞机坪集合Aboard the lifeboat. 登上救生艇Aboard the supply boat to shore! 乘拖船上岸Check life saving apparatus periodically. 定期检查救生设备It’s for fire fighting. 这是消防用的Start the fire pump. 启动消防泵This rope is too small. 这根绳子太细了It should be function tested. 需做功能测试A warning notice should be set up. 要挂警告牌Do you have an emergency program (contingency plan)? 你们有没有应急计划?It must be ready in an emergency condition. 必须始终保持良好的应急状态Will the typhoon hit our rig? 台风要袭击我们的平台吗?We will have to evacuate the rig. 我们要撤离平台Personnel on board (POB). 在船人员总数Sound fire alarm. 发消防警报This is a fire drill. 这是消防演习conduct abandon ship drill. 举行弃船演习Release the boat hooks. 释放救生艇吊钩Board the life boat. 登救生艇Remove the rust and paint with anti-corrosive primer. 除锈后上防锈底漆Three rafts are located near life boat station port side. 在左舷救生艇站附近还存放有3个救生筏Wear work vests when working below the cellar deck. 在圆井甲板面下面工作时须穿工作救生衣The station bills need to be updated. 应急部署表须更新Check the expiry date for all foam extinguisher. 检查所有泡沫灭火器的过期时间Close all the water-tight doors. 关闭所有水密门Safety procedure shall be followed at all the times. 在任何时候都应遵守安全程序Anchor wires should have a Spelter type socket at anchor side. 抛锚绳靠锚的一端应使用锌压头Colour code all the connection at the loading station. 在供给站管线接头处用颜色表明各管线Verify that a high level alarm is installed on the sludge tank. 确认污水舱安装有高位警报Don’t switch on during drilling operation. 钻井作业期间不能合闸Provide two independent means to start the emergency generator engine. 应急发电机柴油机应有两套独立的起动方法Have the boom pennant wires of port crane re-certified. 重新认证左舷吊车扒杆变幅绳Clean the internals of the emergency switchboard. 清洁应急配电盘内部Helicopter and Supply Vessel 直升机与供应船Load out Contractor’s riser at Zhanjiang anchorage. 在湛江锚地把承包商的隔水管装上平台Offload casing. (从供应船上)卸套管Load (offload or unload) the boat. 装(卸)船Get the food container loaded on the boat. 把食品集装箱装上船The helicopter will land on rig soon. 直升机很快就要在平台降落Tell the base to get (or send) a chopper here. 通知基地派飞机来Helicopters are not allowed to land here. 飞机不能降落Report the weather condition to the pilot. 向飞行员报天气Inform the boat come to standby. 通知拖轮过来待命Call the boat to come along port side. 通知拖轮过来靠左舷We will take the personnel basket. 我们乘坐吊篮Repair and Maintenance 检修Have an overall check. 进行全面检查MPI the brake linkage system. 对刹车连接系统进行磁粉探伤Demonstrate that the make-up cathead can pull 7000 lbs. 证明上扣猫头能拉到7000磅Determine the origin of the air leak and rectify this. 找出漏气的地方并处理Adjust the brake band equalizer beam properly. 适当调整刹带平衡梁Note that the 3000 hour inspection on TDS is due. 注意顶驱的3000小时保养时间已到Check sheave rope pocket wear with a 1 3/8”+1 1/32 template. 用1 3/8”+1/32”量规检查绳槽磨损的情况Repair the handrails on the crown. 修理天车台的栏杆Function test the anti-freefall brake on monthly basis. 每月对天车防碰装置进行功能试验Get me a spanner, please. 请递给我一把扳手Renew brake rim because of excessive wear. 更换磨损严重的刹车鼓Clearly mark safe working load (SWL) on the air winch below the rig floor. 表明钻台底下气动绞车的安全工作负荷Measure the master bushings for wear. 测量主补心磨损情况Have BOP ram opened up for internal inspection. 打开防喷器闸板进行内部检查Install a ground cable on the triplex pump motor. 给三缸泵马达安装接地线We need a 48” pipe wrench. 我们需要一把48”的管钳Strike it with a sledge hammer. 用大锤打We want a triangle file. 需要一把三角锉刀Tighten up the screw. 紧一下螺丝Check it with a level. 用水平尺量一下Put some engine oil. 抹点黄油Have it greased. 给它上黄油Put out of hole test string. 取出测试管串Check all the equipment. 检查所有设备There’s something wrong with it. 有点毛病Rig inspection will be performed in August. 验船安排在8月份Maintain the hoisting system. 保养提升系统Adjust the brake band. 调整绞车刹带Change the oil in the rotary gear box (transmission). 更换转盘变速箱机油Replace one water pump. 倒换一台冷却泵It’s quick-discharge air valve. 这是快速放气阀This clutch needs repair. 这台离合器需修理This tong needs replacing. 这把钳要更换了Slip 6 meters of the drilling line. 滑移钻井大绳6米Cut off 45 meters of the drilling line. 切割大绳45米Check the pump liners and pistons. 检查(泥浆)泵缸套和活塞The piston has been washed. 活塞刺坏了The supercharge pump doesn’t take in water. 灌注泵不上水Regulate the relief valve. 调整安全阀This part number is wrong. 这个配件号不对The multi-pen recorder has some problem. 多笔记录仪坏了Miscellaneous 其他No smoking here. 此处严禁吸烟Everything is OK. 一切准备就绪Speed up please. 请快点The geologist must be present. 地质人员必须到场We have to wait on weather. 必须等候天气There will be strong wind. 有强风Give me a hand, please. 请帮一下忙Do you understand? 明白吗?No way! 不行Man overboard! 有人落水Help! Help! 救命Someone is injured. Medic! 有人受伤了, 医生Call for the medic. 叫医生Get a stretcher please. 拿担架来No more than 4 persons. 不能超过4人Drinking liquor is not allowed. 不许喝酒Don’t overrun your equipment. 不要超负荷运转Be careful at work. 工作时要小心No joking here. 别开玩笑Rig up for logging. 准备电测What is the next step? 下一步怎么办?Get everything ready as soon as possible! 尽快做好一切准备附录一: 平台人员岗位名称一. 承包商人员 ( Contractor’s Personnel )Rig Manager 平台经理Equipment Supervisor 设备总监Materials Supervisor 材料总监Senior Toolpusher 高级队长Junior Toolpusher 值班队长Driller 司钻Sub Sea Engineer (SSE) 水下工程师Assistant Driller (AD) 副司钻Derrick Man 井架工Floor Man (roughneck) 钻工Barge Master (captain) 船长First Mate (Barge engineer) 大副Control Room Operator (CRO) 压载工Ballast Control Operator (BCO) 压载工Chief Engineer 轮机长Head of Routabout 甲板班长Crane Operator 吊车工Routabout 甲板工Mechanic 机械师Electrician 电气师Repairman 修理工Motorman 轮机员Welder 焊工Radio Operator 电报员Warehouse Man (stock Keeper) 材料员Medic 医生Safety Supervisor 安全监督Interpreter (translator) 翻译Chief Steward 管事Cook 厨师Steward 厨工Laundry Man 洗衣工二. 作业者及服务公司人员 ( Operator’s Personnel and Service Company Personnel)Drilling Superintendent 钻井监督Company Man (Operator’s Representative) 公司代表Geologist 地质师Mud Logging Engineer (Mud logger) 泥浆录井工程师Sample Catcher 捞砂工Mud Engineer 泥浆工程师ROV Engineer 潜水工程师Cementer 固井工Cement Engineer 固井工程师Testing Engineer 试油工程师Coring Engineer 取芯工程师Wireline Logging Engineer电测工程师附录二: 平台主要设备一. 钻井设备 (Drilling Equipment):Drawworks 钻井绞车Rotary Table 转盘Bushing 补心Top Drive System (TDS) 顶驱Swivel 水龙头Crown Block 天车Traveling Block 游车Hook 大钩Derrick 井架Pipe Spinning Wrench 钻杆气动扳手Ezy-Torq 液压猫头Elmagco Brake 涡磁刹车Pipe handling Equipment 钻杆移动设备Iron roughneck 铁钻工Pipe Racking System 钻杆排放系统Drill String 钻柱Drilling Sub 钻井短节Fishing Tool 打捞工具Power Tong 动力大钳Air Winch (air tugger) 气动绞车Crown-O-Matic (Crown Saver) 防碰天车二. 泥浆系统 (Mud System)Mud Pump 泥浆泵Shale shaker 振动筛Mud Cleaner 泥浆清洁器Desilter 除泥器Desander 除砂器Degasser 除气器Centrifuge 离心机Mud Agitator 泥浆搅拌器Mud Mixing System 泥浆混合系统Centrifugal Pump 离心泵Standpipe Manifold 立管管汇Rotary Hose 水龙带Bulk Air System and Tank 吹灰系统和灰罐三. 井控设备 (Well Control Equipment):Ram Type Preventor 闸板防喷器Annular Type Preventor 万能防喷器BOP Stack 防喷器组Gate Valve 闸阀Choke and Kill Manifold 阻流压井管汇Remotely Operated Panel 远程控制面板Choke Control Panel 阻流控制面板BOP Handling Equipment 防喷器搬运设备Diverter 转喷器四. 海事系统 (Marine System)Ballast System 压载系统Bilge System 污水系统Vent 通风口, 通气口Air Supply Fan 供气扇Mooring System 锚泊系统Communication Equipment 通讯系统Jacking System 升降系统Skidding System 井架滑移系统Windlass 锚机Anchor 锚Pendant 短索Buoy 浮标Lifting and Handling Equipment 起吊和搬运设备五. 机房 (Engine Room)Diesel Engine 柴油机Emergency Generator 应急发电机Water Maker (desalinization unit) 造淡机Air Compressor 空气压缩机Boiler 锅炉Air-conditioning System 空调系统Sea Water Service Pump 海水供给系统Piping System 管汇系统Generator 发电机Transformer 变压器DC Motor 直流马达AC Motor 交流马达六. 安全设备 (Safety Equipment)Fire Control System 消防控制系统Fire Detection System 火情探测系统CO2 System 二氧化碳系统Fixed Fire Extinguishing System 固定消防系统Portable Extinguisher 移动灭火器Fire-Fight Equipment 消防设备Foam System 泡沫系统Lifeboat 救生艇(Inflatable) Life Raft (气涨式)救生筏Davit 吊艇架Escape Routes 逃生路线Breathing Apparatus 呼吸器Life Buoy 救生圈Gas Detection System 气体探测系统Helicopter Facility 直升机设施Sick-Bay (Hospital) 医务室Pollution Control 防污控制七. 其他 ( Others)Cementing Unit 固井装置Well Testing Equipment 试油设备Mud Logging Unit 泥浆录井房Wire Logging Unit 电测装置ROV 潜水器Meter 米Foot 英尺Inch 英寸Supply Boat (supply vessel) 供应船Standby boat 值班船Day (night) Shift 白(夜)班Crew Change 倒班Crew 船员, 队员, 井队Position 岗位Draft (draught) 吃水Air Gap 空气间隙, 气隙Penetration (桩腿插桩)入泥Evacuation 撤离Rig (Drilling rig) 钻机, 钻井船附录三. 平台场所Bow 船首Stern 船尾Forward (FWD) or fore 船首的Aft 船尾的Port 左舷Starboard (STBD) 右舷Upper Deck 上部甲板Main Deck 主甲板Quarters (living quarters, accommodation area) 生活区Drill Floor (Rig floor) 钻台Bridge (Pilot house, Steerwheel house) 驾驶室Control Room 控制室Helideck 直升机甲板Cementing Unit Room 固井泵房Air Compressor Room 空气压缩机房BOP Control Room BOP控制房Radio Room 报房Engine Room 机房Thruster Room 推进器房Warehouse (Store) 材料库房Paint Room (paint locker) 油漆房库Leg 桩腿Jacking House 升降室Column 立柱Sack Storage Area 散装材料储存区Mud pit 泥浆池Cellar Deck 圆井甲板Riser Rack Area 隔水管排放区Pipe Rack Area 钻杆排放区Pipe Slide 滑道Ramp 坡道Spud Tank 桩脚箱Pontoon 浮箱Moonpool 月池/园井甲板Pump Room 泵房Shale Shaker House 振动筛房Coffee Room 咖啡室Rig Office 平台办公室Mess (dining) Room 餐厅Recreation Room 娱乐房TV RoomChange Room 工衣房Kitchen 厨房附录四. 钻具,井口工具,打捞工具Drill Pipe 钻杆Drill Collar 钻铤Heavy Weight Drill Pipe 加重钻杆Elevator 吊卡Tong 大钳Make-up Tong 上扣大钳Break-out Tong 卸扣大钳Mud Box 泥浆防喷盒Casing Stabbing Board 套管扶正器Slips 卡瓦Spider 卡盘Mouse Hole 小鼠洞 (接单根用) Kelly Spinner 方钻杆旋转器Kelly Cock 方钻杆阀Chain Tong 链钳Casing 套管Tubing 油管Drill String 钻柱Jar (drilling jar) 震击器Right Hand Thread 正扣Left Hand Thread 反扣Stabilizer 扶正器Rabit 通管器Liner 尾管Conductor 导管Thread Protector 护丝Stand (钻杆) 立柱Single (钻杆) 单根Joint (钻具) 根Bend 弯头Sub 短节Pup Joint 短钻杆, 短节Connector 接头Bit 钻头Bit Breaker 钻头盒Box 母扣Pin 公扣Hole Opener 开眼钻头Reamer 扩眼钻头Overshot 打捞筒Junk Basket 打捞篮Junk Mill 平头磨鞋Spear 打捞矛Fishing Tap 打捞公锥Cross Over Sub (XO Sub) 转换接头Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) 下部钻具组合附录五. 材料和工具Steel 钢Iron 铁Wood 木Chemicals 化学品Cement 水泥Barite 重晶石Potable Water 淡水Drilling Water 钻井水Sea Water 海水Fuel 柴油Helifuel 飞机燃油Lubricant (Lube/Lube oil) 润滑油Grease 黄油Thread Dope 丝扣油Ballast Water 压载水Bilge Water 舱底水Gasoline 汽油Mud 泥浆Bentonite 般土Additive 添加剂Caustic Soda 烧碱Weight Material 加重材料Thinner 稀释剂Oxygen 氧气Nitrogen 痰气Hydrogen Sulphide 二氧化硫Acetylene 乙炔Compressed Air 压缩空气Hydraulic Fluid 液压油Spanner 扳手Hammer 铁锤Screw Driver 螺丝刀Multimeter 万用表Welding Machine 焊机Bar 撬杠Shackle 卸扣Sling (钢丝) 绳套Container 集装箱附录六. 常用缩写形式BHA: bottom hole assembly 下部钻具组合DP: drill pipe 钻杆DC: drill collar 钻铤HWDP: heavy weight drill pipe 加重钻杆BOP: blowout preventer 防喷器TD: total depth 总深TVD: true vertical depth (定向井的)垂直深度SCR: silicon controlled rectifier 可控硅OD: outside diameter 外径ID: inside diameter 内径BBL: barrel 桶LB: (拉丁语) Libra=pound (重量单位)PSI: pound per square inch 磅/英寸2GAL: gallon 加仑POOH: pull out of hole 起钻RIH: run in hole 下钻WOW: wait on weather 等候天气WOC: wait on cement 候凝JU: Jackup 自升式 (钻井船)SEMI: semi submersible 半潜式 (钻井船)RPM: revolution per minute 转速/分钟LPM: liter per minute 升/分钟KN: knot 节 (海里/小时)SWL: safe working load 安全工作负荷API: American Petroleum Institute 美国石油协会IADC: international association of drilling contractors 国际钻井承包商协会MPI: magnetic particle inspection 磁粉探伤。

Drilling mechanics and performanceThe drill rate that can be achieved with a specific bit is de-termined by the aggressiveness of its design, the weight on bit (WOB) applied, the rotations per minute (RPM) and the rock strength. When the RPM or WOB are increased, the rate of penetration (ROP) should increase proportionate-ly. If the increase is proportionate, the bit is efficient. Con-sequently, if the ROP does not incease proportionately to WOB, it is because something is making the rock cutting process inefficient. There is a specific dysfunction causing the depth of cut to be less than it should be. When drilling data is examined closely it is clear that in much of the foot-age drilled the bit is not cutting efficiently and this, rather than rock hardness, is the primary cause of low rates of pen-etration. The causes of inefficiency are known and for each type of bit dysfunction there are steps that can be taken im-mediately by the driller to improve the efficiency, ROP, bit life, and borehole quality. There are also engineering rede-sign options, but the focus of this chapter is the actions that can be taken by the driller.Bit mechanicsAll bits drill in a very similar manner. When weight is applied, the cutting structure indents the rock to some depth, and then as the bit is rotated the rock to the right of the buried cutting structure is destroyed. Indentation depth in a given rock is determined by the WOB the driller applies and the ro-tating sliding distance per minute is determined by the RPM used. The volume of rock, or drill rate, is the product of both (Figures DP-1a and -1b ). Indentation depths are not large, and most of the volume of rock removed is from rotation and the distance the cutters slide per minute. For example, the teeth of a more aggressive roller cone bit are aligned to stay on bottom and engaged for a greater distance in the rock, so they remove more rock volume per minute.The expected responses to WOB are shown in Figures DP-2a, -2b and -2c . If the bit is efficient, a plot of ROP vs WOB will form a straight line, regardless of rock strength, bit cut-ters and design, or RPM. The straight line is referred to as a proportionate response, a term that will be used throughout this chapter.Figures DP-2b and -2c show the effects of rock strength and bit aggressiveness. As rock strength increases, more WOB will be required to achieve a given indentation depth (depth of cut). The change in depth of cut and ROP is approximately proportionate to the change in rock strength. For example, ifIndentation depth (WOB)Indentation depth (WOB)Sliding distance per minute (RPM)Figures DP-1a and -1b (from top): All bits essentially work in the same manner. The rock volume removed per minute is determined by indentation depth and the combined distance per minute that the cutters travel while engaged.Higher RPMLower RPMSofter rockHarder rockMoreaggressiveLessaggressiveWOBWOBWOBRate of Penetration (ROP)E ect of RPM and WOBE ect of rock strength and WOBE ect of bit aggressiveness and WOBFigures DP-2a, -2b, and -2c (at right, from top): If the bit is efficient, a plot of ROP vs WOB will form a straight line, regardless of rock strength, bit cutters and design, or RPM. Figure DP-2a: Effectof WOB and RPM. Figure DP-2b: Effect of rock strength.Figure DP-2c: Effect of bit aggressiveness.the rock strength increases by 10% the drill rate should be expected to decline by about 10%.The bit aggressiveness determines the indentation depth and torque that will occur for a given WOB. As shown in Fig-ure DP-2c, a more aggressive bit will drill faster because any given WOB will cause it to indent to a greater depth of cut (DOC) per revolution.When operating efficiently, rock strength and bit aggressive-ness effect the drill rate, but large changes in drill rate are usually due to inefficiency or dysfunction in the rock cutting process. If the bit is efficient, it is only necessary to raise the WOB or RPM in order to drill faster. If the bit is not cutting rock efficiently, the driller must identify and address the cause of dysfunction in order to significantly increase perfor-mance. The types of dysfunctions and the driller’s response will be discussed.If the increase in ROP is not proportionate to changes in WOB or RPM, something is interfering with the indentation depth. The poor response to WOB is referred to as bit founder. For example, Figure DP-3a shows the relationship the driller will observe between WOB and ROP for bit balling, which is one form of founder.As weight is initially applied, bits tend to be inefficient at very low loads. The efficiency increases as the weight is in-creased. In Figure DP-3a the bit has reached its peak effi-ciency at Point 1, and a proportionate response is seen at any WOB between Point 1 and Point 2. When the bit is efficient, increased performance only requires that the driller contin-ue to raise the WOB. Not only will the ROP increase, but it will also increase by the same amount for each incremental increase in WOB. The response is linear, proportionate and predictable. At Point 2, bit balling is beginning to occur, which interferes with the depth of cut. The bit becomes even less efficient if additional WOB is applied. Point 2 is referred to as the founder, or flounder point. The driller achieves peak per-formance by determining the WOB at which the bit founders and operating with a bit weight that is close to that point. The process of determining the founder WOB is repeated for var-ious rotary speeds.In the case of bit balling, it is also useful for the driller to con-duct step tests with the third parameter that he controls, which is flow rate. Whether flow rate has any effect on per-formance depends on the cause of bit dysfunction, but in-creased flow rate is almost always effective in increasing the founder point for bit balling.Once the driller goes through the process of identifying the founder point, parameters are used that keep the operation at or just below founder. Performance has been maximized and cannot be improved further unless the cause of ineffi-ciency is addressed and the founder point is increased to a higher WOB.Figure DP-3b shows what should occur to increase perfor-mance further. In the case of bit balling, for example, if pump horsepower is not already fully utilized, the driller can change the founder point by increasing the flow rate and nozzle fluid velocity. This keeps the bit clean to a higher depth of cut and drill rate. Founder will still occur, but at a higher WOB. In one field case, the founder point and achievable ROP were elevat-ed from 120 ft/hr to 500 ft/hr with the same bit when the bit hydraulics were improved.It might not be necessary for the driller to know why the bit is foundering to find the best current operating parame-ters. However, it is necessary to know the cause of founder in order to take the specific action required to significantlyROPWOB WOBFigures DP-3a, -3b (from left): shows a straight-line response of ROP to WOB, indicating an efficient bit up to the founder point. The driller must limit WOB to remain at or below the founder point. Figure DP-3b shows the result of changing real-time practices or design that elevate the founder point to a higher WOB. The WOB the driller can now apply without foundering is increased, as is the achievable ROP.improve the current limitations. For example, increasing the nozzle velocity will not improve performance if drillstring vibrations are causing bit inefficiency. Therefore, the driller must have the knowledge and ability to determine the root cause. The drill team’s ability to identify the root causes of rock-cutting dysfunction in real time has been greatly en-hanced by the digital data now collected and the manner in which it is processed and displayed on many rigs. There are specific actions the driller can take to improve bit efficien-cy for every cause of dysfunction, and many other design changes that can be made by engineering.Testing bit performanceMost performance tests take the form of some type of step test. An example step test for determining inefficiency is shown in Figure DP-4a . In this case, the driller increases the WOB by 5,000 lb and the drill rate increases by 25 ft/hr. If the bit is efficient, the next 5,000 lb should yield another 25 ft/hr increase. If the drill rate increases by less than 25 ft/hr after the next step in WOB, the response is not propor-tionate. The increased weight has caused some form of rock cutting dysfunction (founder). While the drill rate has still increased, the bit has become less efficient. ROP will usually increase with WOB, but if the increase is not proportionate, something is wrong. The drilling performance is less than it should be, and the dysfunction might also be damaging to the bit. The same step test process can be applied when changing RPM. Increase RPM in fixed steps (i.e., 5 rpm), and ROP should increase proportionately and by the same amount with each step.As long as a proportionate response is seen from step to step, increased performance only requires that the driller continue to increase WOB or RPM to drill faster, and also to avoid damaging the bit or BHA. It is important that each stepin WOB or RPM be exactly the same. If the bit is efficient, a proportionate response will yield exactly the same increase in ROP, which is easy to see. If the steps are not exactly the same, the data can still be used, but the driller must physical-ly plot the ROP to see if the response plots as a straight line, as shown in Figure DP-4b . Using identical steps eliminates the need for plotting; it is only necessary to see that the ROP change is the same with each fixed step in WOB to know that the response is proportionate (straight line).If a downhole motor is being used, the same WOB step tests are conducted, but the motor differential pressure may also be used to observe a proportionate response, rather than just ROP. If the differential rises proportionately with each in-crease in WOB, the bit is efficient. If the pressure response is less than proportionate, the rock-cutting process is becom-ing inefficient.Drill-off testing is a method developed in the 1950s to min-imize the time to determine performance at various WOBs (Figure DP-5). The process works well with roller cone bits at moderate to low drill rates, but it tends to be less effec-tive with PDC bits. The driller applies a high WOB, locks the top-drive position, and continues rotation. The rotating bit drills ahead and the locked string elongates, transferring the drillstring weight that had been applied to the bit back to the hook. The amount of drillstring elongation is called “stretch”. The rate at which the hookload increases then provides an indication of how fast the string is elongating, which is also the bit drill rate .In the following example, the driller is recording the time re-quired for each additional 3,000-lb increase in hookload to occur, which corresponds to a 3,000-lb decrease in bit load. The ROP can be calculated and plotted during each incre-D e p t hWOB (K lbs)WOB (K lbs)ROP (ft/hr)R O P (f t /h r )510152025905101520253085755025Founder pointFigures DP-4a and -4b (from left): In Figure DP-4a, : WOB is increased in 5,000-lb steps, and ROP responds by increasing 25 ft/hr with each step, up to 20,000 lb. Between 15,000-20,000 lb the bit founders, and the next increase in ROP is less than 25 ft/hr (10 ft/hr). If the driller were to plot the average ROP at each WOB from the test in Figure DP-4a, it would produce the curve shown in Figure DP-4b. Founder isthe point at which the data is no longer a straight line (non-linear response).ment by the string stretch equation shown below. Stretchconstants for API DP may be found in reference manuals.DP Stretch= (Stretch Constant for specific DP)*(DP Length)*(Step Change in WOB) Eq 1Where units are:DP Stretch, in.;Stretch Constant, (in./k lb)/k-ft;DP Length, k ft; Step Change, k lb“k” indicates thousandsROP = (DP Stretch/Time)*[(3,600 sec/hr)/12 in./ft)Where units are:ROP, ft/hr;DP Stretch, in.;Time, secThe advantage of plotting data is to document the results andallow it to be communicated offsite. If documentation is notneeded, drillers usually conduct the test by simply observingthe time required for each increment of weight to drill off andthen using the WOB corresponding to the fastest time. In thisexample, the fastest drill rate would be seen at a WOB cor-responding to the 11- or 12-sec drill-offs (positions number 2and 3 in Figure DP-5).Mechanical Specific Energy (MSE) surveillance is anothermethod for determining drilling performance. Drill-off testsare well suited to roller-cone bits, intermediate drill stringlengths with significant stored stretch, and bit balling. But theprocedure does not produce clear results with PDC bits thatdrill with very light WOB, because the weight may drill offbefore meaningful data can be collected. Also, complex vi-brations tend to dominate bit dysfunction with PDC bits. Forthese reasons, surveillance practices have been developed inrecent years to continuously plot the amount of work the bitis doing, and this value shows whether the bit is becomingmore or less efficient as changes are made in parameters.Mechanical Specific Energy is the work or energy being usedper volume of rock drilled. MSE is plotted by the data-acqui-sition computer alongside other drilling data, such as WOB,RPM and ROP. In theory, if the bit is perfectly efficient, thevalue of the MSE equals the rock strength in psi. But in fieldpractice, it is primarily used as a relative indicator and it isnot necessary to know the rock strength. The driller makes achange and observes the MSE to see if rock cutting efficiencyimproved or declines.Figure DP-6 shows an MSE curve from a well in which bitballing is occurring. The footage where the MSE is high in-dicates that there is dysfunction (in this case, bit balling).When the bit drilled from a shale back into a sand, the MSEfell, indicating the bit’s cutting structure has cleaned up andis now operating efficiently. Changes in rock hardness alsoaffect the energy required, but this is minor when comparedto the energy increase when bit dysfunction occurs, so theselarge changes in MSE are very useful in showing dysfunction.When combined with other information, it can also be usedto determine the cause of the problem.Chasgnes in MSE can be related to effects of dysfunctionshown in Figure DP-7. If the MSE increases when a changeis made, the performance is moving further way from the ef-ficient performance, which would be the dashed blue line. Ifit decreases, the performance is moving closer to the dashedline. For example, the curve for whirl shows that if WOB is in-creased, the ROP performance moves closer to the predictedline, which means that inefficiency due to whirl is decreasing,and we would expect the MSE to go down. This is used as aCalculated weight on bitCalculated R OP(3) 12 sec, 109 k #(4) 15 sec, 112 k #(5) 17 sec, 109 k #Figure DP-5: Drill-off test conducted by observing the time required to drill off 3,000-lb increments of weight on bit. The highest ROP occursat the WOB corresponding to the shortest required time per increment.diagnostic. If the WOB is increased, and the MSE declines, we know that whirl was the cause of dysfunction to start with. As shown in Figure DP-7, there is no other dysfunction that improves as WOB is increased (e.g., moves closer to the dashed line). In order to identify some of the other forms of founder, it is necessary to observe additional data, or to have more information about the drilling conditions. This is dis-cussed in the sections below.Regardless of the cause of dysfunction, the manner in which the driller uses the MSE to maximize real time performance is the same. To get this performance, the driller must conduct step tests by changing one parameter at a time (WOB, RPM or GPM).If the MSE declines the dysfunction is getting better and performance is improving. Continue with more of thesame change (i.e., even higher WOB);If the MSE increases, the dysfunction is becoming worse and performance is declining. Change theparameter in the other direction (i.e., reduce the WOB); If the MSE stays the same performance is on the straight line portion of the drill off curve in FigureDP-3a. Continue increasing WOB to founder.It should be emphasized that the driller cannot simply ob-serve the MSE curve and diagnose most root causes, or de-termine the next action. Step tests must be conducted, and the MSE response to the change observed. It is the response that is diagnostic.Causes of drilling dysfunctionsEach of the categories of bit dysfunction will be discussed, as well as the observations that can be made to diagnose what is occurring in real time. The corrective actions that can be taken immediately at the rig site will also be dis-cussed. Figure DP-7 shows the effect that each of the major forms of dysfunction may have on ROP as WOB is increased. At any given point in time only one of these usually domi-nates. However, this is not always true and that can com-plicate diagnosis. The types of rock cutting dysfunction dis-cussed are:Bit balling: buildup of material on the bit that interferes with depth of cut;Interfacial severity: formations with hard inclusions or layers that cause axial shocks and break cutters;Bottomhole balling: layer of ground cuttings held to the bottom of the hole by differential pressure;Whirl vibrations: lateral motion of the string and bit;Stick-slip vibrations: torsional motion in which the bit speed oscillates periodically;Axial vibrations: axial motion in which the bit depth of cut oscillates periodically.The flow chart in Figure DP-8 summarizes a progression of activities to maximize performance. There are five forms of dysfunction shown and the driller’s response to each. There are also numerous engineering redesign options, but these are not within the scope of the chapter. The flow chart is not self-explanatory and the dysfunctions, testing procedures and responses are contained in the detailed discussions to follow.Bit ballingBit balling occurs when drilled material accumulates on the cutting structure that begins to carry some of the applied WOB, so that the weight on the cutter tips is reduced. Con-Causes and e ects of founderE cient bitw/expected DOCRate of penetration (ROP)Bit ballingWhirlStick-slipInterfacial severityBottomhole ballingWOBFigure DP-6: Example Mechanical Specific Energy (MSE) plot showing severe bit dysfunction in shales due to bit balling and efficient drilling in sands. Nozzles were changed during a trip to increase bit cleaning and the MSE curve now shows both shales andsands drilling efficiently.Figure DP-7: Founder, or rock-cutting dysfunction, causes the depth of cut and ROP to be less than it should be for a given WOB, causing performance to decline. The order in which the various dysfunctions are seen as WOB is increased will vary and must be determined bythe driller in an organized step test.。

第一部分:接头第二部分:钻井工具第三部分:开钻完井处理事故工具第四部分:钻具第五部分:钻头第六部分:井口装置第七部分:钻井设备第八部分:计算公式第九部分:附录第十部分:井控技术第十一部分:钻井工艺一.接头分类及尺寸API钻杆加厚端(钻杆管体与钻杆接头的连接处)加厚形式的不同从而粗牙螺纹端产生了内平,贯眼,正规三种类型的接头( 后又出现了数字型)●API钻杆加厚端如下示:钢级内加厚(IU) 外加厚(EU) 内外加厚(IEU)━━━━┓┏━┓┏━┓D,E ──┐..┃━━━━┛..┃━━━━┛..┃└─┨──────┨───┐....┃┌─┨──────┨└──┨──┘..┃━━━━┓..┃┌──┨━━━━┛┗━┛───┘....┃━━┓..┃┗━┛━━━━┓┏━┓┏━━┓┐..┃━━━━┛..┃━━━┛....┃└─┨───┐....┃───┐....┃X, G, S ┌─┨└──┨└──┨──┘..┃┌──┨┌──┨━━━━┛───┘....┃───┘....┃━━┓..┃━━━┓....┃┗━┛┗━━┛●ＡＰＩ:1.内平接头(IF)主要用于EU,IEU钻杆,钻杆加厚处内径=接头内径=管体内径2.主要用于IU,IEU钻杆,钻杆加厚处内径=接头内径<管体内径3.正规接头(REG)主要用于IU钻杆,接头内径<加厚部分内径<管体内径●ＮＣ: 4.数字型接头新型糸列,逐渐取代API标准中全部IF和除5 1/2"FH的全部FH 接头,有几种与旧API接头可互换,主要有NC50-2 3/8"IFNC38-3 1/2"IF ,NC40-4"FH ,NC46-4"IF, NC50-4 1/2"IF.1┏━━━━┯━━━━┯━━━━━┯━━━━━┯━━━━━━┓┃螺纹代号│牙型代号│公扣根部D │公扣小端d │母扣外端内径┃┠────┼────┼─────┼─────┼──────┨┃ NC23 │V-0.038R│ 65 │ 52 │ 67 ┃┃ NC26 ││ 73 │ 60 │ 75 ┃┃ NC31 ││ 86 │ 71 │ 88 ┃┃ NC35 ││ 95 │ 79 │ 97 ┃┃ NC38 ││ 102 │ 85 │ 104 ┃┃ NC40 ││ 109 │ 90 │ 110 ┃┃ NC44 ││ 118 │ 99 │ 119 ┃┃ NC46 ││ 123 │ 104 │ 125 ┃┃ NC50 ││ 133 │ 114 │ 135 ┃┃ NC56 ││ 149 │ 118 │ 151 ┃┃ NC61 ││ 164 │ 129 │ 165 ┃┃ NC70 ││ 186 │ 148 │ 187 ┃┃ NC77 ││ 203 │ 162 │ 205 ┃┠────┼────┼─────┼─────┼──────┨┃23/8"REG│ V-0.04 │ 67 │ 48 │ 68 ┃┃27/8"REG││ 76 │ 53 │ 78 ┃┃31/2"REG││ 89 │ 65 │ 91 ┃┃41/2"REG││ 118 │ 91 │ 119 ┃┃51/2"REG│ V-0.05 │ 140 │ 110 │ 142 ┃┃65/8"REG││ 152 │ 131 │ 154 ┃┃75/8"REG││ 178 │ 145 │ 180 ┃┃85/8"REG││ 202 │ 168 │ 204 ┃┠────┼────┼─────┼─────┼──────┨┃3 1/2"FH│ V-0.04 │ 102 │ 78 │ 103 ┃┃4" FH│V-0.065 │ 109 │ 90 │ 110 ┃┃4 1/2"FH│ V-0.04 │ 121 │ 96 │ 124 ┃┃5 1/2"FH│ V-0.05 │ 148 │ 127 │ 150 ┃┃6 5/8"FH│ V-0.05 │ 172 │ 150 │ 174 ┃┠────┼────┼─────┼─────┼──────┨┃2 3/8"IF│V-0.065 │ 73 │ 60 │ 75 ┃┃2 7/8"IF││ 86 │ 71 │ 88 ┃┃3 1/2"IF││ 102 │ 85 │ 104 ┃┃4" IF││ 123 │ 104 │ 104 ┃┃4 1/2"IF││ 133 │ 114 │ 135 ┃┃5 1/2"IF││ 163 │ 141 │ 164 ┃┗━━━━┷━━━━┷━━━━━┷━━━━━┷━━━━━━┛二.常用钻具扣型及内┏━━━━━━━━┯━━━━┯━━━━━┓┃外径尺寸(in/mm) │内径(mm)│扣型┃┠────────┼────┼─────┨┃ 9"(229) │ 76 │ 731X730 ┃┃ 8"(203) │ 76 │ 631X630 ┃┃ 7"(178) │ 76 │ 411X410 ┃┃ 6 1/2"(164) │ 57.15 │ 411X410 ┃┃ 6 1/4"(159) │ 71.44 │ 4A1X4A0 ┃┃││(421X420) ┃┃ 5 3/4"(146) │ 57.15 │ 421X420 ┃┃ 5"(127) │ 108.6 │ 411X410 ┃┃ 3 1/2"(89) │ 38.1 │ 311X310 ┃┃ 2 7/8"(73) ││ 211X210 ┃┃ 2 3/8"(60) ││ 211X210 ┃┗━━━━━━━━┷━━━━┷━━━━━┛常用打捞工具扣型 6 1/2"随钻411X410 200打捞杯4A0(上)X4A1(下)Φ200牙轮打捞器410(4 1/2"IFΦ200强磁打捞器410(4 1/2"IFΦ200高效打捞杯磨鞋410(4 1/2"IF)三.钻头扣型┏━━━━━━┯━━━━━━┯━━━━━━━┯━━━━━━┓┃钻头直径│接头丝扣尺寸│钻头直径│接头丝扣尺寸┃┃ mm in │ in │ mm in │ in ┃┠──────┼──────┼───────┼──────┨┃95.2 3 3/4"│ 2 3/8"REG │215.6 8 1/2" │ 4 1/2"REG ┃┃98.4 3 7/8"│ (231) │222.2 8 3/4" │┃┃│├───────┼──────┨┃104.8 4 1/8"││241.3 9 1/2" │ 6 5/8"REG ┃┃107.9 4 1/4"││244.5 9 5/8" │ (631) ┃┠──────┼──────┤│┃┃111.1 4 3/8"│ 2 7/8"REG │250.8 9 7/8" │┃┃117.5 4 5/8"│ (231) │ 254.0 10.0" │┃┃120.6 4 3/4"││269.9 10 5/8"│┃┠──────┼──────┤│┃┃130.2 5 1/8"│ 3 1/2"REG │ 279.4 11" │┃┃142.9 5 5/8"│ (331) │295.3 11 5/8"│┃┃149.2 5 7/8"││311.1 12 1/4"│┃┃ 152.4 6 " ││346.0 13 5/8"│┃┃155.6 6 1/8"││342.9 13 1/2"│┃┃│├───────┼──────┨┃158.7 6 1/4"││374.6 14 3/4"│ 7 5/8"REG ┃┃165.1 6 1/2"││393.7 15 1/2"│ (731) ┃┃171.4 6 3/4"││445.5 17 1/2"│┃┃174.6 6 7/8"││ 508.0 20" │┃┠──────┼──────┤│┃┃190.5 7 1/2"│ 4 1/2"REG │ 609.6 24" │┃┃200.0 7 7/8"│ (431) │ 660.4 26" │┃┃212.7 8 3/8"│││┃┗━━━━━━┷━━━━━━┷━━━━━━━┷━━━━━━┛四.接头术语缩语REG 正规扣 FH 贯眼扣 IF 内平扣NC 数字型 OH 开眼型 SH 小眼型WO 轻便型(加大内平)MO 修正加大贯眼型DSL 双流型SL-H-90 小井眼术语休斯90度螺纹H-90 休斯90度螺纹 EH,XH 加大贯眼型PAC V-0.076螺纹IU 内加厚 EU 外加厚 IEU 内外加厚联顶节长度┏━━━━━━┯━━━━━┯━━━━━┯━━━━━┓┃钻机│13 3/8表层│9 5/8中完│5 1/2完井┃┠──────┼─────┼─────┼─────┨┃大庆Ｉ--130 │ 4.46 │ 4.32 │ 3.96 ┃┠──────┼─────┼─────┼─────┨┃大庆I-130高│ 5.97 │ 5.87 │ 5.66 ┃┠──────┼─────┼─────┼─────┨┃大庆Ⅱ -130 │ 4.76 │ 4.67 │ 4.28 ┃┠──────┼─────┼─────┼─────┨┃ ZJ--45 │ 5.77 │ 5.64 │ 5.46 ┃┠──────┼─────┼─────┼─────┨┃ F--320 │ 7.97 │ 7.84 │ 7.55 ┃┠──────┼─────┼─────┼─────┨┃车--750 │ 5.77 │ 5.64 │ 5.46 ┃┠──────┼─────┼─────┼─────┨┃σY--40 │ 3.97 │ 3.84 │ 3.46 ┃┗━━━━━━┷━━━━━┷━━━━━┷━━━━━┛( 注:长度包括接箍)入井接头,联顶节钢级,壁厚┏━━━┯━━━┯━━━━━┯━━━━━━┯━━━━━━┓┃种类│尺寸│钢级│壁厚│备注┃┃│ in ││ mm │┃┠───┼───┼─────┼──────┼──────┨┃接头││ 35GrMo ││ GrMo-铬┃┃││ 40GrMo ││┃┠───┼───┼─────┼──────┼──────┨┃│ 5 │ P110 │9.19 │ GrMo-钼┃┃├───┼─────┼──────┼──────┨┃│5 1/2 │P110 │10.54 │套管接箍一般┃┃联├───┼─────┼──────┼──────┨┃│7 │P110 N80 │10.36 12.65 │J55-绿接箍┃┃├───┼─────┼──────┼──────┨┃顶│8 3/8 │N80 │10.16 11.43│N80-红接箍┃┃├───┼─────┼──────┼──────┨┃│9 5/8 │P110 N80 │10.06 11.19│P110-白接箍┃┃节├───┼─────┼──────┼──────┨┃│10 3/4│N80 │11.34 │┃┃├───┼─────┼──────┼──────┨┃│13 3/4│J55 │12.19 │┃┗━━━┷━━━┷━━━━━┷━━━━━━┷━━━━━━┛钻杆吊卡┏━━━━━┯━━━━━┯━━━━┯━━━━━━━━┓┃规格型号│孔径│额定负荷│钻杆规格┃┃├──┬──┼────┼────┬───┨┃│上孔│下孔│ t │配用钻杆│ mm ┃┠─────┼──┼──┼────┼────┼───┨┃CDK-63*69 │69 │63 ││2 3/4EU │ 60.3 ┃┠─────┼──┼──┤ 150 ├────┼───┨┃CDK--76*84│84 │76 ││2 7/8EU │ 73.0 ┃┠─────┼──┼──┼────┼────┼───┨┃" 92*102 │102 │92 ││3 1/2EU │88.90 ┃┠─────┼──┼──┤├────┼───┨┃" 105*109 │109 │105 │ 200 │4IU │101.6 ┃┠─────┼──┼──┤├────┼───┨┃" 105*118 │118 │105 ││ 4EU │ " ┃┠─────┼──┼──┼────┼────┼───┨┃" 118*122 │122 │118 ││4 1/2IU │114.3 ┃┃─────┼──┼──┤ 250 ├────┼───┨┃" 118*131 │131 │118 ││4 1/2EU │114.3 ┃┠─────┼──┼──┼────┼────┼───┨┃" 131*134 │134 │131 ││5 IEU │ 127 ┃┠─────┼──┼──┤ 350 ├────┼───┨┃" 144*144 │144 │144 ││5 1/2IU │139.7 ┃┗━━━━━┷━━┷━━┷━━━━┷━━━━┷━━━┛注:IU--内加厚 EU--外加厚 IEU--内外加厚2油管吊卡┏━━━━━━━━┯━━━━━┯━━━━┯━━━━━━━━━┓┃│││油管外径┃┃规格型号│孔径 mm │额定负荷├───┬─────┨┃││ t │ in │ mm ┃┠─┬──────┼─────┼────┼───┼─────┨┃│BDK--50/30 │ 50 ││1.9 │ 48.3 ┃┃├──────┼─────┤ 30 ├───┼─────┨┃│ " -56/30 │ 56 ││1.9EU │ 54 ┃┃单├──────┼─────┼────┼───┼─────┨┃│ " -63/50 │ 63 ││2 3/8 │ 60.3 ┃┃├──────┼─────┤├───┼─────┨┃│ " -68/50 │ 68 ││23/8EU│ 65.9 ┃┃├──────┼─────┤├───┼─────┨┃│ " -76/50 │ 76 │ 50 │2 7/8 │ 73 ┃┃├──────┼─────┤├───┼─────┨┃│ " -82/50 │ 82 ││27/8EU│ 78.6 ┃┃├──────┼─────┤├───┼─────┨┃│ " -92/50 │ 92 ││3 1/2 │ 88.9 ┃┃├──────┼─────┼────┼───┼─────┨┃头│ " -76/75 │ 76 ││2 7/8 │ 73 ┃┃├──────┼─────┤├───┼─────┨┃│ " -82/75 │ 82 ││27/8EU│ 78.6 ┃┃├──────┼─────┤├───┼─────┨┃│ " -92/75 │ 92 │ 75 │3 1/2 │ 88.9 ┃┃├──────┼─────┤├───┼─────┨┃│ " -102/75 │ 102 ││31/2EU│ 98.4 ┃┃├──────┼─────┤├───┼─────┨┃│ " -118/75 │ 118 ││4 1/2 │ 114.3 ┃┠─┼──────┼──┬──┼────┼───┼─────┨┃││上孔│下孔│││┃┃│├──┼──┤││┃┃│BDK-50*56/30│ 56 │ 50 │ 30 │1.9EU │ 48.3*54 ┃┃├──────┼──┼──┼────┼───┼─────┨┃双│ "-63*68/50 │ 68 │ 63 ││23/8EU│60.3*65.9 ┃┃├──────┼──┼──┤ 50 ├───┼─────┨┃│ "-76*82/50 │ 82 │ 76 ││27/8EU│ 73*78.6 ┃┃├──────┼──┼──┼────┼───┼─────┨┃头│ "-63*68/75 │ 68 │ 63 ││23/8EU│60.3*65.9 ┃┃├──────┼──┼──┤├───┼─────┨┃│ "-76*82/75 │ 76 │ 82 │ 75 │27/8EU│ 73*78.6 ┃┃├──────┼──┼──┤├───┼─────┨┃│ "-92*102/75│102 │ 92 ││31/2EU│88.9*98.4 ┃┗━┷━━━━━━┷━━┷━━┷━━━━┷━━━━━━━━━┛套管吊卡┃│││套管外径┃规格型号│吊卡孔径│额定负荷├───┬───┃││ t │ in │ mm ┠────┼────┼────┼───┼───┃CDK--142│ 142 ││5 1/2 │139.7 ┠────┼────┤├───┼───┃ "--171│ 171 │ 125 │6 5/8 │168.3 ┠────┼────┤├───┼───┃ "--181│ 181 ││7 │177.8┠────┼────┼────┼───┼───┃ "--197│ 197 ││7 5/8 │193.7 ┠────┼────┤ 150 ├───┼───┃ "--222│ 222 ││8 5/8 │219.1┠────┼────┼────┼───┼───┃ "--248│ 248 ││9 5/8 │244.5┠────┼────┤ 200 ├───┼───┃ "--277│ 277 ││10 3/8│273┠────┼────┼────┼───┼───┃ "--303│ 303 ││11 3/4│298.4┠────┼────┤ 250 ├───┼───┃ "--344│ 344 ││13 3/8│339.7┠────┼────┼────┼───┼───┃ "--411│ 411 ││16 │406.4┠────┼────┤ 350 ├───┼───┃ "--477│ 477 ││18 5/8│473.1┠────┼────┼────┼───┼───┃ "--512│ 512 ││20 │508.0┠────┼────┤├───┼───┃ "--550│ 550 │ 450 │21 1/2│546.1┠────┼────┤├───┼───┃ "--627│ 627 ││24 1/2│622.3┗━━━━┷━━━━┷━━━━┷━━━┷━━━┛安全卡瓦┏━━━━━┯━━━━━━━━━━━━┃牙板套数│适用管径┠─────┼─────┬──────┃ 7 │ 3 3/4" │ 4 5/8"┠─────┼─────┼──────┃ 8 │ 4 1/2" │ 5 5/8"┠─────┼─────┼──────┃ 9 │ 5 1/2" │ 6 5/8"┠─────┼─────┼──────┃ 10 │ 6 1/2" │ 7 5/8"┠─────┼─────┼──────┃ 11 │ 7 1/2" │ 8 5/8"┠─────┼─────┼──────┃ 12 │ 8 1/2" │ 9 5/8"┠─────┼─────┼──────┃ 13 │ 9 1/2" │ 10 5/8"┗━━━━━┷━━━━━┷━━━━━━三片,多片卡瓦规范┏━━━━━━┯━━━┯━━━━━━┯━━━┯━━━━┓┃││卡瓦管径│额定│区分┃┃型号│用途├───┬──┤负荷│方法┃┃││ in │ mm │ t │┃┠──────┼───┼───┼──┼───┼────┨┃KW 2 7/8 X75││2 7/8 │ 78 │ 75 │牙板不同┃┠──────┤卡├───┼──┼───┼────┨┃KW 3 1/2X100│钻│3 1/2 │ 89 │ 100 │有牙板套┃┠──────┤铤├───┼──┼───┼────┨┃ZC 306X5 3/4││5 3/4 │ 146││ " ┃┠──────┤├───┼──┤ 75 ├────┨┃ZC 306X6 1/4││6 1/4 │ 159││凹形牙板┃┠──────┼───┼───┼──┼───┼────┨┃ KW5-200 │卡│││ 200 │壳体区别┃┠──────┤钻│ 5 │ 127├───┼────┨┃ KW5-100 │杆││││无牙板套┃┠──────┼───┼───┼──┤ 100 ├────┨┃ KW7-100 │卡│ 7 │ 178││凹形牙板┃┠──────┤├───┼──┼───┼────┨┃ 8"X40 多片│钻│ 8 │ 203││牙板宽35┃┠──────┤├───┼──┤ 40 ├────┨┃ 9"X40 多片│铤│ 9 │ 229││牙板宽40┃┗━━━━━━┷━━━┷━━━┷━━┷━━━┷━━━━┛Ｂ型吊钳5号扣合器扣合尺寸┏━━━━┯━━━━┯━━━━━━━┓┃钳头型号│扣合台肩│扣合范围mm ┃┠────┼────┼───────┨┃│ 1 │3 1/2-4 1/8 ┃┃ 5a ├────┼───────┨┃│ 2 │4 1/8-5 1/4 ┃┠────┼────┼───────┨┃│ 1 │4 1/8-5 1/2 ┃┃├────┼───────┨┃ 5b │ 2 │ 5--5 3/4 ┃┃├────┼───────┨┃│ 3 │ 6--6 1/2 ┃┠────┼────┼───────┨┃│ 1 │6 5/8-7 3/8 ┃┃├────┼───────┨┃ 5c │ 2 │ 7 3/8-8 ┃┃├────┼───────┨┃│ 3 │8 1/2-8 5/8 ┃┠────┼────┼───────┨┃│ 1 │8 1/2-9 5/8 ┃┃ 5d ├────┼───────┨┃│ 2 │10 5/8-10 3/4 ┃┠────┼────┼───────┨┃ 5e │ 1 │ 11 3/4 ┃┗━━━━┷━━━━┷━━━━━━━┛方补心,通径规尺寸┏━━━━━━━━━━━┯━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┓┃方补心│通径规┃┠───┬───┬───┼──────┬───┬───┨┃方钻杆│对方│补心选│套管│常用│常用通┃┃尺寸│尺寸│用尺寸│外径│钻头│径规┃┠───┼───┼───┼──────┼───┼───┨┃3 1/2 │64 │70 │5 1/2 │115.4 │118 ┃┠───┼───┼───┼──────┼───┼───┨┃3 │76.2 │82 │7 │153.9 │152 ┃┠───┼───┼───┼──────┼───┼───┨┃3 1/2 │88.9 │92 │8 5/8X7.72 │200 │200 ┃┠───┼───┼───┼──────┼───┼───┨┃4 1/4 │108 │112 │8 5/8X10.16 │190 │195 ┃┠───┼───┼───┼──────┼───┼───┨┃4 3/4 │121 │125 │9 5/8 │215 │216.5 ┃┠───┼───┼───┼──────┼───┼───┨┃5 1/4 │133.35│138 │10 3/4 │244.5 │250 ┃┠───┼───┼───┼──────┼───┼───┨┃6 │152.4 │157 │13 3/8 │311.2 │315 ┃┗━━━┷━━━┷━━━┷━━━━━━┷━━━┷━━━┛34开钻-中完-完井-下套管-处理事故工具项目: 一.开钻1.联顶节:5"钻杆+大小头--13 3/4"细扣410X4.3mX1(或13 3/4"短套管)2.单翼水泥头:411X2"扣3.表套套管吊卡X2-3只4.套管吊钳X2把5.长水盛大龙带X1条6.(D144吊卡X1只)二.中完(二开)1. 联顶节X1 (D244.5mmX4.52m)2. 循环接头(大小头)X1 410X9 5/8"细扣 注水泥前洗井用3. 供泥浆接头(替泥浆用)X1 410X2"扣接在方钻杆上替泥浆4. 4.9 5/8"套管吊卡 (通径248mmX200tX0.25mm)X 35. 水龙带2长1短 长的注水泥,短的替泥浆用6. 半截大方瓦X1付7. 套管帽子X18. 5d 大钳头X29. 水泥头(内装胶塞)X 1 9 5/8"细扣X2"双公头固井队自带 三.完井 1. D 139.7mm 联顶节X3.95m X 1 2. 循环接头(大小头) X 1 410X5 1/2"细扣 注水泥前洗井用3.供泥浆接头X1 410X2"扣 常替清水不用4.139.7mm 套管吊卡X3X0.25mm5.水龙带2长1短 若替清水短的不用6.套管帽子X17.水泥头(内装胶塞)X1 2"双公X5 1/2"细公扣 固井队自带 四.下油管 1.油管吊卡X3 2.油管吊环X 1付五.套铣工具 A.有接箍铣管 1.有接箍铣管 2.大小头 3.吊卡 4.大钳头 B.无接箍铣管(对10 3/4"铣管) 1.安全卡瓦 13节X 22.多片卡瓦X1 (10 3/4"铣管不能用)3.10 3/4"吊卡X 3 (内孔12 7/8")4.13 3/4"大方瓦 X 1付 (12 1/2")5.13 3/4"大钳头X 26.6 1/4"(411X410扣) 8" (630X631扣)随钻各一7.大小头(配合接头)X 1 630X 10 3/4"细扣8.10 3/4"提升头X59.铣管X xmm10.铣鞋 平齿,锯齿X 4-5只 C.铣管与落鱼配合 10 3/4"--7" 8" 9" 9 5/8"--7" 8" 8 1/8" --6 1/4" D.套铣钻具结构 铣鞋+铣 管+大小头+ 钻+钻铤+5"钻杆 E.技术参数5-8t 1档 25ml/min套铣管规格见表一注:1. 接箍外径是指该尺寸套管的接箍外径,括号内的数据为专用铣管接箍尺寸.2. 强度数据数系指P105钢级双级同步螺纹铣管强度. 六.倒扣接头 1. 631*411双反 2. 3 1/2IF 反扣.3. 410正+411反 ┏━━┯━━━━┯━━━━┯━━━━┯━━━━┓ ┃外径│接头螺纹│打捞螺纹│抗拉强度│抗扭强度┃ ┃ MM │ (左旋) │ (右旋) │ KN │ KN.M ┃ ┠──┼────┼────┼────┼────┨ ┃105 │ 210 │ 211 │ 500 │ 9 ┃ ┠──┼────┼────┼────┼────┨ ┃120 │ 310 │ 311 │ 900 │ 15 ┃ ┠──┼────┼────┼────┼────┨ ┃156 │ 410 │ 411 │ 1500 │ 35 ┃ ┠──┼────┼────┼────┼────┨ ┃178 │520或410│ 521 │ 2000 │ 50 ┃ ┠──┼────┼────┼────┼────┨ ┃197 │ 630 │ 631 │ 2500 │ 65 ┃ ┗━━┷━━━━┷━━━━┷━━━━┷━━━━┛ 七. 常用公锥. 1. 3 1/2 IF 正扣 2. 3 1/2IF 反扣 3. 4 1/2FH 反扣4. 4 1/2FH 反扣5. "IF"6. "IF" 公 锥 技 术 规 格 ┏━━━━┯━━┯━━┯━━┯━━┯━━┯━━┯━━┯━━┯━━━━┓ ┃ 型 号 │接头│水眼│小端│中径│接头│丝扣│接头│总长│ ┃┃ │扣型│ │直径│ │外径│长 │长 │ │打捞孔径┃┃ │ │ D │ D1 │ D2 │ D3 │ L1 │ L2 │L3 │ ┃ ┠────┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼────┨┃GZ/N31 │210 │20 │43 │70 │105 │432 │200 │800 │48--60 ┃ ┠────┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼────┨ ┃GZ/NC38 │310 │20 │55 │82 │121 │432 │200 │800 │60--77 ┃ ┠────┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼────┨┃GZ/NC50 │410 │25 │86.5│108 │156 │344 │200 │800 │89--103 ┃┠────┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼────┨┃GZ/3 1/2│330 │18 │33.7│65 │108 │500 │200 │800 │38--60 ┃ ┃REG │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ ┃ ┠────┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼────┨ ┃GZ/5 1/2│520 │25 │83.5│108 │178 │392 │200 │900 │89--103 ┃┃ FH │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ ┃ ┗━━━━┷━━┷━━┷━━┷━━┷━━┷━━┷━━┷━━┷━━━━┛八. 常用母锥1. 3 1/2IF 正扣2. 3 1/2 IF 反扣3. 4 1/2 FH 反扣4. 4 1/2 FH 反扣 5 . 4 1/2"IF 反扣 6. 4 1/2"IF 反扣 母 锥 技 术 规 格 (SY 5115--86) ┏━━━━━┯━━┯━━┯━━┯━━┯━━┯━━┯━━┯━━━━┓ ┃ │接头│下孔│下膛│接头│下端│内丝│总长│ ┃ ┃ 型 号 │扣型│内径│内径│外径│外径│长 │ │打捞直径┃ ┃ │ │ d1 │ d2 │ D │ D1 │ L2 │ L3 │ ┃ ┠─────┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼────┨ ┃ │210 │52 │ │86 │86 │175 │298 │48--50 ┃ ┃ ├──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼────┨ ┃ MZ/NC26 │" │62 │ │86 │95 │170 │280 │59--60 ┃ ┃ ├──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼────┨ ┃ │" │75 │ │" │" │206 │340 │68--73 ┃ ┠─────┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼────┨ ┃ │" │" │ │105 │114 │222 │350 │69--73 ┃ ┃ ├──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼────┨ ┃ MZ/NC31 │" │84 │ │" │" │262 │390 │71--82 ┃ ┃ ├──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼────┨ ┃ │" │95 │ │" │115 │220 │440 │89--93 ┃ ┠─────┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼────┨ ┃ │310 │110 │ │121 │135 │340 │480 │95--118 ┃ ┃ MZ/NC38 ├──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼────┨┃ │" │105 │135 │" │146 │349 │670 │90 ┃ ┠─────┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼────┨ ┃ MZ/NC50 │410 │135 │165 │156 │180 │400 │750 │127 ┃┠─────┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼────┨ ┃MZ/4 1/2FH │420 │120 │155 │148 │168 │350 │700 │114 ┃ ┠─────┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼────┨ ┃MZ/5 1/2FH │520 │150 │180 │178 │194 │400 │750 │141 ┃┠─────┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼────┨ ┃MZ/6 5/8FH │620 │176 │205 │203 │219 │377 │730 │168 ┃ ┗━━━━━┷━━┷━━┷━━┷━━┷━━┷━━┷━━┷━━━━┛ 九. 钻井用打捞筒 ┏━━━━┯━━┯━━┯━━━━━━━┯━━━━━━━━━━┓ ┃ │打捞│ │最大打捞尺寸MM │抗拉屈服载荷,KN ┃ ┃ │筒外│接头├───┬───┼──┬───────┨ ┃ 型 号│径 │ │螺 旋│蓝 状│螺旋│ 篮 状卡瓦 ┃┃ │MM │螺纹│卡 瓦│卡 瓦│ ├───┬───┨┃ │ │ │ │ │卡瓦│无台阶│有台阶┃ ┠────┼──┼──┼───┼───┼──┼───┼───┨ ┃LT/T89 │89 │210 │60 │47.5 │1372│1176 │735 ┃ ┠────┼──┼──┼───┼───┼──┼───┼───┨ ┃LT/T92 │92 │210 │76 │66.5 │568 │470 │245 ┃ ┠────┼──┼──┼───┼───┼──┼───┼───┨ ┃LT/T95 │95 │210 │77.5 │68 │902 │892 │833 ┃┠────┼──┼──┼───┼───┼──┼───┼───┨ ┃LT/T105 │105 │210 │82.5 │70.5 │666 │598 │382 ┃ ┠────┼──┼──┼───┼───┼──┼───┼───┨ ┃LT/T117 │117 │210 │89 │76 │1137│1068 │784 ┃ ┠────┼──┼──┼───┼───┼──┼───┼───┨ ┃LT/T127 │127 │310 │95 │79.5 │2274│1999 │1421 ┃ ┠────┼──┼──┼───┼───┼──┼───┼───┨ ┃LT/T140 │140 │310 │117.5 │105 │1323│1147 │823 ┃┠────┼──┼──┼───┼───┼──┼───┼───┨┃LT?T143 │143 │310 │121 │108 │1323│1147 │823 ┃ ┠────┼──┼──┼───┼───┼──┼───┼───┨ ┃LT/T152 │152 │310 │121 │105 │1872│1568 │1127 ┃ ┠────┼──┼──┼───┼───┼──┼───┼───┨ ┃LT/T162 │162 │410 │133.5 │117.5 │1793│1578 │1137 ┃┠────┼──┼──┼───┼───┼──┼───┼───┨ ┃LT/T168 │168 │410 │127 │108 │2832│2548 │2048 ┃┠────┼──┼──┼───┼───┼──┼───┼───┨ ┃LT/T187 │187 │410 │146 │127 │2832│2411 │1872 ┃ ┠────┼──┼──┼───┼───┼──┼───┼───┨ ┃LT/T194 │194 │410 │159 │141 │2411│2127 │1617 ┃ ┠────┼──┼──┼───┼───┼──┼───┼───┨ ┃LT/T200 │200 │410 │159 │141 │2911│2528 │1901 ┃┠────┼──┼──┼───┼───┼──┼───┼───┨ ┃LT/T206 │206 │410 │178 │162 │1872│1774 │1372 ┃ ┠────┼──┼──┼───┼───┼──┼───┼───┨┃LT/T213 │213 │410 │178 │162 │2734│2577 │1989 ┃ ┠────┼──┼──┼───┼───┼──┼───┼───┨ ┃LT/T219 │219 │410 │178 │159 │2832│2411 │1813 ┃ ┠────┼──┼──┼───┼───┼──┼───┼───┨┃LT/T225 │225 │410 │197 │181 │1842│1529 │1225 ┃ ┠────┼──┼──┼───┼───┼──┼───┼───┨ ┃LT/T232 │232 │410 │203 │187 │1911│1715 │1313 ┃┠────┼──┼──┼───┼───┼──┼───┼───┨ ┃LT/T238 │238 │410 │197 │178 │2832│2548 │2048 ┃ ┠────┼──┼──┼───┼───┼──┼───┼───┨ ┃LT/T241 │241 │410 │213 │197 │1872│1784 │1372 ┃ ┠────┼──┼──┼───┼───┼──┼───┼───┨┃LT/T260 │260 │630 │219 │200 │2920│2568 │2068 ┃┠────┼──┼──┼───┼───┼──┼───┼───┨┃LT/T270 │270 │630 │288.5 │209.5 │2930│2469 │1979 ┃┠────┼──┼──┼───┼───┼──┼───┼───┨┃LT/T279 │279 │630 │219 │193.5 │5811│5508 │5018 ┃┠────┼──┼──┼───┼───┼──┼───┼───┨┃LT/T286 │286 │630 │244.5 │225.5 │2920│2568 │2068 ┃┠────┼──┼──┼───┼───┼──┼───┼───┨┃LT/T302 │302 │630 │254 │235 │3685│3303 │2479 ┃┗━━━━┷━━┷━━┷━━━┷━━━┷━━┷━━━┷━━━┛十. 磁力打捞器技术规格见表二十一.常用磨鞋1.Φ115mm--Φ118mm 用干5 1/2套管内2.Φ150--Φ152mm 用于7"套管内3.Φ175--Φ185mm 用于8 5/8"套管内4.Φ195--Φ200mm 用于8 1/2"井眼5.Φ200--Φ225mm 用于8 5/8"井眼6.Φ280--Φ290mm 用于12 1/4"井眼十二.振击器YFZ型液压随钻振击器规格见表三DJ型地面震击器┃型号│ J46(4 3/4") │DJ70(7")┃┃项目││┃┠──────┼───────┼────┨┃外径 mm │ 121 │ 178 ┃┠──────┼───────┼────┨┃最大震击力 t│ 61 │ 102 ┃┠──────┼───────┼────┨┃最大抗拉力 t│ 122 │ 153 ┃┠──────┼───────┼────┨┃密封压力 MPa│ 15 │ 15 ┃┠──────┼───────┼────┨┃行程 mm │ 1000 │ 1220 ┃┠──────┼───────┼────┨┃水眼直径 mm │ 32 │ 61 ┃┠──────┼───────┼────┨┃接头螺纹│NC38(3 1/2IF) │5 1/2FH ┃┠──────┼───────┼────┨┃闭合长度 mm │ 2500 │ 3000 ┃一.常用石油管材生产标记及管材合同标记1.生产标记中国成都钢管厂中国包头钢铁厂日本住友金属厂日本钢铁厂(NIPPON KOKAN KABUSHITI)日本川崎钻杆厂日本新日铁钻杆厂(NIPPON STEEL CORPORATION)西德曼尼斯曼钻杆制造厂TSK 日本钻铤生产厂SME] 法国钻铤制造厂美国休斯敦公司新加坡远东管材生产公司A 美国阿姻科公司(ARMLO)B 英国钢公司(BRITISH STEEL)D 意大利达尔明制造公司(DLMINE S.P.A.ITALY)E 国际SMF公司(SMFINTERNATIONAL)F 意大利福尔克公司(FALCK ITALY) I 日本新日铁(NIPPON STEEL CORPORATION) J 美国琼斯一劳林钢公司(J＆L STEEL) K 日本钢管(NIPPON KOKAN KABUSHIKI) M 曼内斯曼(MANNESMANNROHREN WERKE) N 美国钢公司(U.S.S STEEL)O 美国俄亥俄钢管公司(OHIO STEEL TUBE COMPANY) P 美国惠林匹慈堡钢公司(WREELING_PILLLSBURY) S 日本住友(SUNITOMO METAL IND)T TAMSA公司V 法国瓦鲁瑞克公司(VALLOUREE) Y 美国扬斯顿公司(YOUNG STOWN) AI 美国无缝钢管公司2.管材(钻杆,套管,油管)合同标记CN 日本; CF-法国; CL-意大利; CW-意大利; CE-美国;CD-西德; CG-新加坡二.常用钻具管材百米容积,重量见表四三.钻杆1.钻杆技术性能见表五2.钻杆允许扭转圈数计算Ｎ=Ｋ＊ＨＮ－允许扭转圈数圈Ｋ -扭转系数圈/米 (如下表示值/1000)Ｈ -卡点深度米钻杆千米扭转数值┏━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┓┃外径 60.3 73 88.9 101.6 114.3 127 139.7 ┃┃/钢级 2 3/8 2 7/8 3 1/2 4 4 1/2 5 5 1/2 ┃┠───────────────────────────┨┃Ｄ 8.51 7.03 5.77 5.05 4.49 4.04 3.68 ┃┃Ｅ 11.6 9.57 7.87 6.88 6.12 5.51 5.01 ┃┃Ｘ 14.69 12.13 9.96 8.72 7.75 6.98 6.34 ┃┃Ｇ 16.24 13.4 11.01 9.63 8.56 7.71 7.01 ┃┃Ｓ 20.87 17.24 14.16 12.39 11.01 9.91 9.01 ┃┗━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┛-3.钻柱临界转速(r/min)┏━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┓┃尺寸 60.3 73 88.9 101.6 114.3 127 139.7 ┃┠─────────────────────────────┨┃转速 110/15 130/20 160/25 185/25 210/30 235/35 260/40 ┃┗━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┛*. /: + -4.钻具钢级及加厚形式┏━━━━━━━━━┯━━┯━━┯━━━┓┃外径旨禱加厚形式│ＩＵ│ＥＵ│ＩＥＵ┃┠─────────┼──┼──┼───┨┃60.3 X G S ││√│┃┃ E D ││√│┃┠─────────┼──┼──┼───┨┃73.2 X G S │√││┃┃ D E │√│√│┃┠─────────┼──┼──┼───┨┃88.9 X G S │√││√┃┃ D E │√│√│┃┠─────────┼──┼──┼───┨┃101.6 X G S │√│√│┃┃ D E │√│√│┃┠─────────┼──┼──┼───┨┃114.3 X G S ││√│√┃┃ D E │√│√│√┃┠─────────┼──┼──┼───┨┃127 X G S │√│√│√┃┃ D E │√│√│√┃┠─────────┼──┼──┼───┨┃139.7 X G S │││√┃┃ D E │││√┃┗━━━━━━━━━┵━━┷━━┷━━━┛5. 钻杆规范：见表六6.钻杆钢级代号┏━━━┯━━┯━━━━┯━━━┯━━━━━┯━━━━┓┃钢级│Ｄ│Ｅ７５│Ｘ９５│Ｇ１０５│Ｓ１３５┃┠───┼──┼────┼───┼─────┼────┨┃代号│Ｄ│Ｅ│Ｘ│Ｇ│Ｓ┃┗━━━┷━━┷━━━━┷━━━┷━━━━━┷━━━━┛7. APR方钻杆规范:见表七四.钻铤1.钻铤尺寸及参数┏━━━━━━━━━┯━━━━━━━━━┯━━━━━━━┯━━━━━━━┃钻铤型号│外径│内径│公称重量┃│ in mm │ in mm │ kg/m┣━━━━━━━━━┿━━━━━━━━━┿━━━━━━━┿━━━━━━━┫┃ NC23-31 │ 3 1/8 79.4 │1 1/4 31.8 │ 32.8 ┃┃ NC26-35(2 3/8IF)│ 3 1/2 88.9 │1 1/2 38.1 │ 40.1 ┃┃ NC31-41(2 7/8IF)│ 4 1/8 104.8 │2 50.8 │ 52.1 ┃┃ NC35-47 │ 4 3/4 120.7 │2 50.8 │ 74.5 ┃┃ NC38-50(3 1/2IF)│ 5 127 │2 1/4 57.2 │ 79 ┃┃ NC44-60 │ 6 152.4 │2 1/4 57.2 │ 124 ┃┃ NC44-60 │ 6 152.4 │2 13/16 71.4 │ 112 ┃┃ NC44-62 │ 6 1/4 158.8 │2 1/4 57.2 │ 136 ┃┃ NC46-62(4IF) │ 6 1/4 158.8 │2 13/16 71.4 │ 112 ┃┃ NC46-65(4IF) │ 6 1/2 165.1 │2 13/16 57.2 │ 148 ┃┃ NC46-65(4IF) │ 6 1/2 165.1 │2 1/4 71.4 │ 136 ┃┃ NC46-67(4IF) │ 6 3/4 171.4 │2 1/4 57.2 │ 161 ┃┃ NC50-70(4 1/2IF)│ 7 177.8 │2 1/4 57.2 │ 174.3 ┃┃ NC50-70(4 1/2IF)│ 7 177.8 │2 13/16 71.4 │ 163.9 ┃┃ NC50-72(4 1/2IF)│ 7 1/4 184.2 │" " │ 177.3 ┃┃ NC56-77 │ 7 3/4 196.8 │" " │ 207.1 ┃┃ 6 5/8 REG │ 8 203.2 │" " │ 223.5 ┃┃ 6 5/8 REG-82 │ 8 1/4 209.6 │" " │ 238.4 ┃┃ 7 5/8 REG │ 9 229.6 │" " │ 290.6 ┃┃ 7 5/8 REG-95 │ 9 1/2 241.3 │3 76.2 │ 322 ┃┃ NC70-79 │ 9 3/4 247.6 │3 " │ 341 ┃┃ NC70-100 │ 10 254 │3 " │ 362┃ NC77-110 │ 11 279.4 │3 " │ 445.5┗━━━━━━━━━┷━━━━━━━━━┷━━━━━━━┷━━━━━━━钻铤的重量必须超过所需钻压的10-30%五。