英语国家概况（谢福之主编）课后答案一、选择题（答案在下面）I、Choose the one that best completes each of the following statements、The two main islands of the British Isles are 、A、Great Britain and IrelandB、Great Britain and ScotlandC、Great Britain and WalesD、Great Britain and Englandis the capital city of Scotland、A、BelfastB、EdinburghC、AberdeenD、CardiffAccording to a 2005 estimate, Britain now has a population of over million、A、160B、600C、60D、16Among the four parts of the United Kingdom, is the smallest、A、EnglandB、ScotlandC、WalesD、NorthernIrelandAlmost a quarter of the British population lives in England、A、northeasternB、southeasternC、northwesternD、southwesternEnglish belongs to the group of Indo-European family of languages、A、CelticB、Indo-IranianC、GermanicD、RomanThe introduction of Christianity to Britain added the first element of words to English、A、Danish and FinnishB、Dutch and GermanC、French and ItalianD、Latin and GreekThe evolution of Middle English was reinforced by the influence、A、NormanB、DutchC、GermanD、DanishSamuel Johnson’s dictionary was influential in establishing a standard form of 、A、grammarB、handwritingC、spellingD、pronunciationAt present, nearly of the world’s population communicate in English、A、halfB、a quarterC、one thirdD、one fifthThe attack on Rome ended the Roman occupation in Britain in 410、A、NormanB、DanishC、CelticD、GermanicBy the late 7th century, became the dominant religion in England、A、Celtic ChristianityB、Anglo-Saxon ChristianityC、Germanic ChristianityD、Roman ChristianityWestminster Abbey was built at the time of 、A、St、AugustineB、Edward the ConfessorC、William the ConquerorD、Alfred the GreatThe marked the establishment of feudalism in England、A、Viking invasionB、signing of the Magna CartaC、Norman ConquestD、Adoption of common lawThe end of the Wars of the Roses led to the rule of 、A、the House of ValoisB、the House of YorkC、the House of TudorD、the House of LancasterThe direct cause for the Religious Reformation was King Henry VIII’s effort to 、A、divorce his wifeB、break with RomeC、support the ProtestantsD、declare his supreme power over thechurchThe English Civil War broke out in 1642 between 、A、Protestants and PuritansB、Royalists and ParliamentariansC、nobles and peasantsD、aristocrats and Christians18.was passed after the Glorious Revolution、A、Bill of RightsB、Act of SupremacyC、Provisions of OxfordD、Magna CartaThe Industrial Revolution was accomplished in Britain by the middle of the century、A、17thB、18thC、19thD、20thBritain faced strong challenges in its global imperial dominance by the beginning of the century、A、17thB、18thC、19thD、20thThe British government is characterized by a division of powers between three of thefollowing branches with the exception of the 、A、judiciaryB、legislatureC、monarchyD、executiveThe importance of the British monarchy can be seen in its effect on 、A、passing the billsB、advising the governmentC、political partiesD、public attitudeAs a revising chamber, the House of Lords is expected to the House of Commons、A、rivalB、complementC、criticizeD、inspect24.British Cabinet works on the principle of 、A、collective responsibilityB、individual responsibilityC、defending the collectivismD、defending the individualsThe main duty of the British Privy Council is to 、A、make decisionsB、give adviceC、pass billsD、supervisethe CabinetIn Britain, the parliamentary general election is held every years、A、threeB、fourC、fiveD、six27.has a distinct legal system based on Roman law、A、WalesB、EnglandC、ScotlandD、NorthernIrelandGenerally speaking, the British Parliament operates on a system、A、single-partyB、two-partyC、three-partyD、multi-partyThe policies of the Conservative Party are characterized by pragmatism and 、A、government interventionB、nationalization of enterprisesC、social reformD、a belief in individualismThe Labor Party affected the British society greatly in that it 、A、set up the National Health ServiceB、improved public transportationC、abolished the old tax systemD、enhanced the economic developmentThe British economy achieved global dominance by the 、A、1860sB、1870sC、1880sD、1890sIn , the British Parliament passed two important acts to establish a welfare state、A、1945B、1946C、1947D、1948The in the early 1970s worsened an already stagnant economy in Britain、A、oil crisisB、high inflation ratesC、large importsD、unemployment problemOf the following practices, does not belong to Thatcher’s social welfare reform、A、reducing child benefitsB、shortening the unemployment benefits periodC、reducing the unemploymentD、lowering old age pensionsThe Blair government has been successful in all the following aspects except 、A、limiting government spendingB、keeping inflation under controlC、reducing unemploymentD、reducing inequalityBritain has devoted of its land area to agriculture、A、54%B、64%C、74%D、84%Britain’s important fishing areas include all the following except 、A、the North SeaB、the English ChannelC、The sea area around IrelandD、The sea area between Britain andIrelandCoal mining industry in Britain provides of the energy consumed in the country、A、1/3B、1/4C、1/5D、2/339.The car industry in Britain in mostly 、A、foreign-ownedB、state-ownedC、joint-ventureD、privately-ownedOf the following sectors in Britain, has experienced spectacular growth since theend of Word War II、A、agricultureB、energy industryC、service industryD、manufacturing industryIn Britain, the division between grammar schools and vocational schools were ended by theintroduction of comprehensive schools in the 、A、1930sB、1940sC、1950sD、1960sAbout of British children receive primary and secondary education through theindependent system、A、5%B、6%C、7%D、8%Partially funded by central government grants, the British universities receive their remainingfunds from all the following sources except 、A、tuition feesB、loansC、donationsD、corporate contributionsOf the following, is NOT a basis of admission to Britain’s universities、A、result in national entrance testB、A-level resultC、an interviewD、school referencesTo be admitted to the Open University, one need 、A、some educational qualificationsB、no educational qualificationsC、General Certificate of Education-AdvancedD、General National Vocational QualificationsAmong Britain’s quality press, the following newspapers are regarded as the “Big Three”with the exception of 、A、The TimesB、The GuardianC、The ObserverD、The DailyTelegraphLife on Earth is a kind of program produced by the BBC and is popular among 500million viewers worldwide、A、featureB、dramaC、documentaryD、soap opera48.is Britain’s top pay television provider、A、BSBB、SkyTVC、BBCD、BSkyBOf the following, is NOT a common feature of all the British holidays、A、families getting togetherB、friends exchanging good wishesC、friends enjoying each other’s companyD、families traveling overseasThe following Christmas traditions are particularly British except 、A、Trooping the ColorB、Queen’s Christmas messageC、Boxing DayD、Christmas pantomimeThe most significant achievement of the English Renaissance is 、A、poetryB、dramaC、novelD、pamphletis viewed as Romantic poetry’s “Declaration of Independence、”A、“I Wondered Lonely as a Cloud”B、Don JuanC、“Preface to Lyrical Ballads”D、Prometheus UnboundOf Dickens’ novels, is considered autobiographical、A、A Tale of Two CitiesB、David CopperfieldC、Oliver TwistD、Great Expectationsis a representative of English Critical Realism at the turn of the 19th century、A、Robert Louis StevensonB、John MiltonC、Joseph ConradD、Thomas HardyOf the following statements, is NOT correct in terms of Neo-Romanticism、A、It prevailed at the end of the 19th century、B、The writers were dissatisfied with the social reality、C、The writers believed in “Art for Art’s Sake”、D、Treasure Island was a representative work、56.is NOT included in the modernist group、A、Oscar WildB、Virginia WoolfC、William Butler YeatsD、T、S、EliotOf the following books, was NOT written by Thomas Hardy、A、Jude the ObscureB、Tess of the D’UrbervillesC、Adam BedeD、The Return of the NativeOf the following statements, is NOT correct about Virginia Woolf、A、She was a central figure of the “Bloomsbury Group”、B、She experimented with stream of consciousness、C、She was an influential feminist、D、Her masterpiece was The Rainbow、Of the following writers, is NOT a Nobel Prize winner、A、Samuel BeckettB、James JoyceC、William GoldingD、V、S、Naipaul60.Waiting for Godot is written by 、A、Samuel BeckettB、George OrwellC、William GoldingD、D、H、LawrenceThe United States has states on the continent、A、50B、49C、48D、35The state of is the largest in area of all the states、A、AlaskaB、HawaiiC、TexasD、FloridaThe U、S、lies in North America, with Canada to the north, Mexico to the south, the Atlantic to its and the Pacific to its 、A、northern, east, westB、central, east, westC、southern, west, eastD、western, east, west64.The largest river in the U、S、is 、A、the Missouri RiverB、the Mississippi RiverC、the Ohio RiverD、the Colorado RiverSome of the world famous universities like Harvard, Yale and MIT are located 、A、in the SouthB、along the Pacific CoastC、in New EnglandD、in the Midwestis located on the U、S、–Canadian border between Lake Erie and Lake Ontario、A、Yellowstone National ParkB、The Grand CanyonC、Niagara FallsD、The Great Salt LakeThe native Alaskan population includes the following except the 、A、IndiansB、EskimosC、AleutsD、BlacksThe largest minority in the United States is the 、A、Pacific IslandersB、BlacksC、Native AmericansD、AsiansThe Immigrants Act of 1924 restricted the further immigration into the United States, particularly from 、A、EuropeB、AsiaC、AfricaD、SouthAmericaThe characteristic of dominant American culture is 、A、English-speaking, northern European, Roman Catholic and middle-classB、English-speaking, western European, Roman Catholic and upper-classC、English-speaking, northern European, Protestant and upper-classD、English-speaking, western European, Protestant and middle-classThe first successful English colony in North America was founded at in 、A、Jamestown, LouisianaB、Boston, MassachusettsC、Jamestown, VirginiaD、Plymouth, GeorgiaPilgrim Fathers are a group of who came to America to avoid persecution in England、A、ProtestantsB、PuritansC、CatholicsD、Christians73.The Seven Years’ War occurred between the 、A、French and American IndiansB、French and SpaniardsC、French and BritishD、British and American Indians“No taxation without representation” was the rallying slogan of 、A、the settlers of VirginiaB、the people of PennsylvaniaC、the colonists in New EnglandD、the people of the 13 coloniesThe first shots of the American War of Independence were fired in 、A、ConcordB、LexingtonC、PhiladelphiaD、BostonIn May 1775, was held in Philadelphia and began to assume the functions of a national government、A、the First Continental CongressB、the Second Continental CongressC、the Boston Tea PartyD、the Congress of ConfederationAbraham Lincoln issued to grant freedom to all slaves、A、Declaration of IndependenceB、ConstitutionC、Emancipation ProclamationD、Bill of RightsThe policy of the United States was at the beginning of the two world wars、A、neutralityB、full involvementC、partial involvementD、appeasementPresident applied New Deal to deal with the problems of the Great Depression、A、WilsonB、TrumanC、RooseveltD、KennedyThe Vietnam War was a long-time suffering for Americans, and it continued throughout the terms of Presidents 、A、Johnson, Nixon and FordB、Truman, Eisenhower and KennedyC、Kennedy, Johnson and NixonD、Eisenhower, Kennedy and JohnsonThe U、S、Constitution came into effect in 、A、1787B、1789C、1791D、179382.The Constitution of the United States 、A、gives the most power to CongressB、gives the most power to the PresidentC、tries to give each branch enough power to balance the othersD、gives the most power to the Supreme Court83.The Bill of Rights 、A、defines the rights of Congress and the rights of the PresidentB、guarantees citizens of the United States specific individual rights and freedomsC、is part of the Declaration of IndependenceD、has no relationship with the ConstitutionThe following except are guaranteed in the Bill of Rights、A、freedom of religionB、the right to get into people’s house by policeC、freedom of speech and of pressD、the right to own one’s weapon if one wishesAll the following except cannot make legislative proposal、A、the SenatorB、the RepresentativeC、the Secretary of StateD、the PresidentThe following except are all powers of the President、A、vetoing any bills passed by CongressB、appointing federal judges when vacancies occurC、making lawsD、issuing executive ordersAccording to the Constitution, a candidate for President must be 、A、at least 35 years oldB、at least a 14 years’ resident of the United StatesC、born in AmericaD、all of the aboveThe terms for a Senator and Representative are and years respectively、A、two, fourB、two, threeC、two, sixD、six,two89.The Supreme Court is composed of justices、A、sixB、sevenC、eightD、nineThe President is directly voted into office by 、A、all citizens of AmericaB、the citizens over 18 years oldC、electors elected by the votersD、the senators and representativesAmerica produces a major portion of the world’s products in the following fields except 、A、machineryB、automobilesC、oreD、chemicalsThe modern American economy progressed from to , and eventually,to 、A、colonial economy, handcraft economy, industrial economyB、farming economy, handcraft economy, industrial economyC、colonial economy, farming economy, industrial economyD、handcraft economy, farming economy, industrial economyChartered companies were NOT granted the by the British King or Queen、A、political authorityB、economic rightsC、judicial authorityD、diplomatic authorityThe first National Bank of the United States was established with the urge of 、A、George WashingtonB、Thomas JeffersonC、Andrew JacksonD、Alexander HamiltonThe following inventions took place during the “second industrial revolution”except 、A、typewriterB、telephoneC、electric lightD、refrigeratorPresident Johnson tried to build a “Great Society” by introducing various programs like the following except 、A、MedicareB、Food StampsC、Education InitiativesD、Unemployment Pension97.About of American crops are for export、A、halfB、one thirdC、one fourthD、one fifthThe following statements are all true except 、A、Agribusinesses reflect the big, corporate nature of many farm enterprises、B、Agribusinesses maintain a balanced trade pattern between agricultural imports andexports、C、Agribusinesses range from one-family corporations to multinational firms、D、Agribusinesses include a variety of farm businesses and structures、is not one of the three giants in American automobile industry、A、FordB、General MotorsC、ChryslerD、AmericanMotorsAt present, U、S、exports account for of the world’s total、A、10%B、15%C、20%D、25%Formal education in the United States consists of , secondary and higher education、A、kindergartenB、publicC、elementaryD、privateOf the following subjects, are NOT offered to elementary school students、A、mathematics and languagesB、politics and business educationC、science and social studiesD、music and physical educationHigher education in the United States began with the founding of 、A、Yale UniversityB、Harvard UniversityC、Princeton UniversityD、New York UniversityOf the following, are NOT among the categories of American higher education、A、universities and collegesB、research institutionsC、technical institutionsD、community collegesOf the following, is NOT the responsibility of the board of trustees in U、S、institutions、A、choosing the presidentB、establishing policies for administrators and facultyC、approving budget and other financial projectD、decide which student to enrollTo get a bachelor’s degree, all undergraduate students are required to do the following except 、A、attending lectures and completing assignmentsB、passing examinationsC、working for communitiesD、earning a certain number of creditsOf the following universities, has NOT cultivated any American President yet、A、Harvard UniversityB、Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyC、Princeton UniversityD、Yale Universityis sold especially to the upper or upper-middle class and it has a reputation for its serious attitude and great bulk、A、The Washington PostB、The New York TimesC、Los Angeles TimesD、New York Daily NewsOf the following, is NOT among the three major radio and TV networks in America、A、the National Broadcasting System (NBS)B、the Public Broadcasting Service (PBS)C、the Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS)D、the American Broadcasting System (ABS)The National Day of the United States falls on 、A、June 4thB、July 4thC、June 14thD、July 14thOf the following writers, are from the Colonial and Revolutionary Periods、A、Benjamin Franklin & Edgar Ellen PoeB、Edgar Ellen Poe & Jonathan EdwardsC、Benjamin Franklin & Jonathan EdwardsD、Edgar Ellen Poe & Washington Irvingis regarded as “the father of American literature”、A、James Fennimore CooperB、Ralph Waldo EmersonC、Thomas JeffersonD、Washington IrvingOf the following, is NOT Nathaniel Hawthorne’s work、A、The Scarlet LetterB、The House of the Seven GablesC、The Marble FaunD、NatureOf the following, is considered Herman Melville’s masterpiece、A、The Last of the MohicansB、The Legend of Sleepy HollowC、Moby DickD、Daisy MillerOf the following, is NOT characteristic of Mark Twain’s works、A、colloquial speechB、a sense of humorC、a realistic viewD、an idealistic viewOf the following writers, is NOT included in the group of naturalists、A、Stephen CraneB、Frank NorrisC、Theodore DreiserD、Herman MelvilleF、Scott Fitzgerald’s finest novel is , and its theme is about 、A、The Great Gatsby, the American DreamB、Tender is the Night, loveC、Tales of the Jazz Age, the loss of oneselfD、The Beautiful and the Damned, the evil of human natureOf the following books, is NOT written by Ernest Hemingway、A、The Sun Also RisesB、The Sound and the FuryC、A Farewell to ArmsD、For Whom the Bell TollsOf the following writers, is Not a Nobel Prize winner、A、Alice WalkerB、Ernest HemingwayC、William FaulknerD、EugeneO’Neilis the first African-American winner of the Nobel Prize for Literature、Ralph Ellison B、Tony Morrison C、Richard Wright D、James Baldwin选择题参考答案：第一章 A B C D B C D A C B第二章 D D B C C A B A C D三 C D B A B C C B D A四 C B A C D C D B A C五 D B B A B C C D D A六 B C B D C A C D B A八 C A B B C C D B A D九 C B C D B B C A C D十 B C B B C C D D D C十一 C C D D D D B B D A十二 C B B B D C B B B B十三 C D D C D D A B A B二、判断题及答案Chapter 1The island of Great Britain is geographically divided into three parts: England, Scotland and Wales、(People in different parts of Britain like to use the name England to refer to their country、( Today more than half of the people in Wales still speak the ancient Welsh language、(In terms of population and area,Northern Ireland is the second largest part of the United Kingdom、5.The longest river of Britain originates in Wales、(Because of political troubles,Northern Ireland has been quite significant among the four constituent parts of the United Kingdom、(Though the climate in Britain is generally mild,the temperature in northern Scotland often falls below --10C in January、(The majority of the people in Britain are descendants of the Anglo--Saxons、()The Celtic people are the earliest known inhabitants of Britain、(English changed into what is described as Modern English from the late 16th century、( Chapter 2The British history before 55BC is basically undocumented、(The Celts became the dominant group in Britain between the 8th and 5th centuries BC、(The name of Britain came from a Celtic tribe--- the Britons、(The Anglo--Saxons came to Britain in the mid--5th century、()The chief or king of the Anglo--Saxon tribes exercised power at their own will、( )The Vikings began to attack the English coast in the 8th century、( )Henry II built up a large empire which included England and most of France、( )The Magna Carta was designed to protect the rights of both the privileged class and the townspeople、)The Hundred Years' War was a series of wars fought between England and Normans foe trade and territory、)In an effort to make a compromise between different religious factions,Queen Elizabeth I actually defended the fruit of the Religious Reformation、(Chapter 3Conventions are regarded less important than common law in the working of the British government、)The British monarchy has never been interrupted throughout the history、( )In reality,the British King or Queen is the source of all government powers、(British Parliament is the law--making body of the Commonwealth of Nations、Lords Spiritual and Lords Temporal are all members in the British Upper House、( )The members in the House of Commons are appointed rather than elected、)The British Prime Minister is the leader of the majority party in Parliament、( )Cabinet members are chosen by the Prime Minister from various political parties in Parliament、(British law consists of two parts,the civil law and the criminal law、(The legal systems in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland are much similar in terms of law, organization and practice、(Chapter 4Britain was the first industrialized nation in the world、( )The British economy experienced a relative decline during the postwar period、)Limited resources and high unemployment rate were persistent problems that prevented rapid economic development in Britain、(Thatcher's revolution turned out to be a great success in dealing with all the British econimic and social problems、( )The economic approach adopted by Tony Blair is different from that of the Labor party and the Conservative Party、( )Blair made the Bank of England independent in order to separate politics and economic policy、( )Britain is the world's leading exporter of poultry and dairy products、( )The fishing industry provides more than 50%of Britain's demand for fish、(Britain is an important oil exporter since its oil industry has a long history、( )Nuclear power is one of the major energy sources in Britain、( )Chapter 5The British government has been responsible for education since the early 1800s、(Education in Britain is compulsory for all children between the ages of 6 and 15、( )The National Curriculum is compulsory in both the state system and the independent system、( )When children finish their schooling at 16, they are required to take a national GCSE examination、( )Graduates from state schools in Britain have a less favorable chance to enter famous universities than those from independent schools、( )In the 1960s, a large number of new universities were founded in Britain、( )Most British people begin their day with reading the morning newspaper and end it watching television in the evening、)The Times is the world's oldest national newspaper( )The BBC World Service broadcasts only in English throughout the world、( )Some British holidays are celebrated to mark the important events of the Christian calendar, and others are related to local customs and traditions、)Chapter 6The Canterbury Tales is a representative work of the Old English Period、(Renaissance is characterized by admiration of the Greek and Latin classics、( )Hamlet depicts the hero's struggle with two opposing forces: moral integrity and the need to avenge his father's murder、(Alexander Pope was a great English poet who also translated Homer's Iliad、( )Jonathan Swift is probably the foremost prose satirist in the English language, and Robinson Crusoe is his masterpiece、( )William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge brought the Romantic Movement to its height、( )Lord Byron distinguished himself by the musical quality of his short poems, such as "Ode to the West Wind"、( )Jane Austen was a well--known novelist of the stream of consciousness school、(Joseph Conrad is classified as a forerunner of Modernism, which prevailed before World War II、( )V、S、Naipaul detailed in his works the dual problems of the Third World: the oppression of colonialism and the chaos of postcolonialism、( )Chapter 7The Republic of Ireland occupies the entire area of the island of Ireland、( )The earliest inhabitants in Ireland were Celtic tribes from Europe、( )In the 1800s, Ireland gained in prosperity because it became a part of Britain、( )In the 1930s, Ireland was not indeed a republic,but belonged to the Commonwealth of Nations、( )To support the government's neutrality in World War II, there was no Irishman participating in the war、( )With the help of Britain, Ireland entered the EEC in 1973 without difficulties、( )In 1949, Britain recognized the independence of the Irish Republic and returned the six northern countries、( )In Ireland, both the House of Representatives and the Senate have the power of making laws、( )English is the only official language in Ireland, because the majority of people speak it as their tongue、)Catholicism in Ireland is more than a mere matter of private faith、(Chapter 8The eastern highlands formed by the Appalachians hold one third of the country's continental territory、)The climate in the United States can be classified as temperate,with some mild subtropical and tropical zones、( )Almost through the middle of the United States, north to south,runs a well--known 50-centimeter rainfall line、(New York is the commercial and financial center of the United States , and it is composed of five boroughs including Manhattan, Brooklyn, the Bronx, Staten Island, and Queens、)San Francisco is the second largest city after New York and the world famous Hollywood and Disneyland are located here、( )Half of the U、S、Population lives in the western metropolitan centers、(The Blacks brought from Africa to America usually worked on plantations or farms in the North、( )During the 1830s and 1840s, many northern Europeans and Irish immigrants came to America、( )Almost half of the immigrants coming to the United States in the 1980s were Asians、( )Basic American cultural values are freedom, equality and desire to work hard for a higher standard of living、( )Chapter 9America was named after Amerigo Vespucci, who arrived on the new continent after Columbus、( )The second Continental Congress was held in Philadelphia, and the Continental Army and Navy were founded under the command of Thomas Jefferson、( )The Civil War not only put an end to slavery, but also decided that America was a single, indivisible nation、( )Many American people approved of the Vietnam War、( )During Clinton's term, the economy developed steadily, resulting in a lower rate of unemployment、( )In 1990, American troops and the troops from allied nations launched Operation Desert Storm in order to drive Iraqi troops out of Kuwait、( )According to the American administration, Saddam Hussein and Osama bin Laden were responsible for the terrorist event on September11,2001、( )The America government regarded Iraq a nation among the "axis of evil"、( )On March 19,2003,American and United Nation's troops, supported by several other countries, began an invasion of Iraq、)Although the combat operations in Iraq are over, it is still hard for America to decide when to withdraw its army、( )Chapter 10Bill of Rights was written into the Constitution in 1787、(The form of American government is based on three main principles: federalism, the separation of powers, and respect for the Constitution and the rule of law、(The U、S、Congress is the legislative branch of the federal government and it consists of two houses: the House of Commons and the House of Lords、(Certain presidential appointments must be approved by Congress、(The judicial branch of the federal government consists of a series of courts: the Supreme Court, the courts of appeals and the district courts、(Like Britain, the United States has a two--party system、()The Democratic Party is conservative in terms of its ideology、(。
