第二部分 语法专题突破 13专题十三 几个特殊的简单句

语法专题训练(十三) 简单句(限时:30分钟)1.[2019·某某改编] on the grass. It's a rule of the park.B.Don't stepC.To step2.[2019·某某]Look at the blue sky. fine weather it is!B.How a D.What a3.[2019·某某]— good grades I hope to get in this exam!—I'm sure you will.B.What aD.How a4.[2019·株洲改编] lucky they are, I thought, to have each other.A.What aC.How aD.How5.[2019·某某]— can you get to the airport?—In about 30 minutes. I'm on the way.A.How soonB.How longC.How muchD.How often6.[2019·某某]— will the Jinniu Lake Animal Kingdom be open? —Maybe in the second half of this year.7.[2019·]—Excuse me, is this T-shirt?—It's 88 yuan.A.how muchB.how manyC.how longD.how old8.[2019·某某]— do you help your mother do housework?—Every day. I think it's our duty to do it.A.How oftenB.How farC.How soonD.How much9.[2019·某某]— did you celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival this year, Tom? —By making rice dumplings with my Chinese friends.A.Where10.[2019·眉山] noise pollution, and we can live in a quiet environment.C.PreventedD.To prevent11.[2019·某某]—There is nothing left in the fridge, ?—. Let's go to the supermarket to buy some.A.is there; YesB.isn't there; YesC.is there; NoD.isn't there; No12.[2019·宿迁]— do you sleep every day, Eric?—For about eight hours.A.How muchB.How fastC.How oftenD.How long13.—Did Jeff go to the zoo by subway or by taxi yesterday?—.A.Yes, he went there by subwayB.No, he went there by busC.He went there by taxiD.He went there to see animals14.[2019·某某]— is it from your school to the bus stop?—It's about 5 minutes' walk.A.How oftenB.How longC.How soonD.How far15.—?—She is of medium height with two blue eyes.A.How is RitaB.What does Rita likeC.What does Rita look likeD.How do you like Rita16.—How often do you have a meeting one month?—.A.For one weekB.One week agoC.In one weekD.Once a week17.The structure of the sentence “The students visited the museum.” is .A.S+VB.S+V+DOC.S+V+IO+DOD.S+V+DO+OC18.Watch out, Peter! is a little boy playing ahead on the road.19.[2019·黔南州]—Steven had nothing for breakfast this morning, ? —No. Because he had a fever.A.hadn't heB.had heC.didn't heD.did he20.[2019·某某]—Last summer holiday, I didn't go anywhere. How boring! —. But I'm going somewhere for a holiday this summer.A.Neither I didB.Neither did IC.So did ID.So I did【参考答案】1.B 根据常识可知,不能践踏草坪,故本题用祈使句的否定形式“Don't+动词原形”。

专题13 简单句◎陈述句○肯定句○否定句◎疑问句○一般疑问句○特殊疑问句○选择疑问句○反意疑问句◎祈使句○祈使句用法○Let us 与 Let's◎感叹句○How开头的感叹句○What 开头的感叹句◎简单句的五种基本类型英语句子从结构上看可分为简单句、并列句和复合句三大类。

只有一个主语和一个谓语和句子叫简单句。

两个简单句通过某些词语在连接一起形成并列、转折等关系的是并列句。

一个主句加上一个或几个从句（从句只作主句的某一成分）所构成的句子叫复合句。

简单句有五种类型：A.主语+不及物动词（S+V）B.主语+系动词+表语（S+V+P）C.主语+及物动词+宾语（S+V+O）D.主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语（S+V+IO+DO）E.主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语（S+V+O+C）按使用目的，句子又可分为四类：陈述句、颖问句、祈使句和感叹句。

一、陈述句陈述句用来叙述一件事情或陈述一个人的看法，分肯定和否定两种句式。

1.肯定句肯定句的用法比较简单，在此仅举几例说明。

He works in a factory .（S+V）He studied English in his thirties.（S+V+O）He is a teacher.（S+V+P）He gave me two books.（S+V+IO+DO）He saw a man come in .（S+V+O+C）2.否定句否定句的用法比较复杂。

下面主要讲讲几种否定句式的构成及所表示的意义。

（1）一般情况下在系动词be，或动词have，或助动词、情态动词后，加not，构成否定句式。

如：He is not a teacher.I have not any books.He doesn’t work hard.She doesn't go to the park.I haven’t finished it yet.He will not go there.（2）no, never, hardly（几乎不），seldom（很少）等词在句中可构成否定句式：He has no brothers or sisters.I think you could never work out the question.I could hardly believe my eyes. 我几乎不能相信我的眼睛。

第二部分专项语法高效突破专项13 简单句高频考点精讲考点1感叹句感叹句是用来表示喜、怒、哀、乐等强烈感情的句子。

what引导的感叹句Wliat + a/ein+可数名词:Wh&【8n i nt mating l.iook il is!爹幺冇趣的单数（+主讲+谓讲）！：一本书啊！aWhai + acij. +可数名词复数:What good sludents ihty arc|他们是爹好的（+主悟+谓讲）！［学生啊！■What+aJi.+不可数名词（+主f丄切： E Wh Ht bad weaih.r it is!多么解的天气啊！考点2 there be句型1.There be句型是英语中最常见的又是非常重要的句型，它是表示“存在”的一种基本方式，其句型结构一般为“there be +某人/物+地点/时间”,表示“在某地/某时有某人/某物” -be动词必须和主语保持人称和数的一致，如果主语部分是两个以上的并列主语时，be 动词一般和就近主语的数或人称保持一致。

如：Thereis a book and two pencils on the desk・书桌上有一本书和两支铅笔。

2."there + be + sb. /sth. +地点”的否定形式是在动词be后面加not, not any, no o女口：There is no water in the bottle.瓶子里没有水。

3.there be句型若变为一般疑问句，则需要把be提前至U句首。

女口：Is there any water in thebottle? 瓶子里有一些水吗？4.there be句型有不同的时态，并且可以和各种助动词或情态动词连用。

如I：①There will be/is going to be a new film on Monday.星期一将有一部新电影上映。

②There used to be several houses behind the two buildings.过去这两幢楼后面有几所房子。

高考英语第二轮语法专题复习十三句子The Sentences知识要点：句子按使用的目的可分为四类：1、陈述句2、疑问句3、祈使句4、感叹句从结构上看句子可分为三种类型：1、简单句2、并列句3、复合句一、句子的种类（Kinds of Sentences）1、陈述句：（1）肯定句：We love our motherland. 我们热爱祖国。

（2）否定句：They don’t go to work on Sundays. 他们星期日不上班。

说明：叙述或否定一个事实或看法。

2、疑问句：（1）一般疑问句：Are you a worker? 你是个工人吗？Yes, I am. 是的，我是工人。

Haven’t you seen the film? No, I haven’t. 你没看过这部电影吗？没看过。

说明：以一个助动词，情态动词或动词be开始的问句。

回答要用yes或no。

（2）特殊疑问句：Who is the man? 这人是谁？When do you watch TV? 你什么时间看电视？What are they doing now? 他们现在正在干什么？说明：以一个疑问代词或疑问副词开头的句子一般要用倒装句语序（或称为疑问词加一般疑问句）（3）选择疑问句：Do you want tea or coffee? Either will do. 你要茶水还是要咖啡？哪种都行。

Does he learn Japanese or French? He learns French. 他学日语还是学法语？他学法语。

说明：提出两个或两个以上的情况，选择一个作为答案。

（4）反意疑问句：They are goi ng to the airport, aren’t they? 他们要去机场，是吗？You haven’t finished your homework, have you? 你没做完作业，是吗？说明：提出情况或看法问对方是否同意。

专题十三简单句重难点精讲考试说明1. 陈述句；2. 疑问句；3. 祈使句；4. 感叹句；5. 简单句的基本句型。

考点精析命题点一五大基本句型1. 主语加系动词加表语。

如：The bike is new.这辆自行车是新的。

The hat looks nice on you!(系动词还有feel, taste, smell, sound)你戴这顶帽子真好看！2. 主语加不及物动词。

如：He swims in the river every summer.他每年夏天在这条河里游泳。

3. 主语加及物动词加宾语。

如：Children often sing this song.孩子们经常唱这首歌。

4. 主语加及物动词加间接宾语加直接宾语。

如：She showed her friends all her pictures.等于She showed all her pictures to her friends.她向她的朋友们展示她的图画。

5. 主语加及物动词加宾语加宾语补足语。

如：We keep our classroom clean and tidy.我们保持教室干净整洁。

命题点二陈述句1.含义：用以陈述事实或观点的句子叫做陈述句，句末用句号。

2.分类：陈述句分为肯定句和否定句。

◆陈述句肯定式的正常语序是主语位于谓语前。

如：We will meet again tomorrow. 我们明天再见面。

◆陈述句否定式的结构①含有be动词，助动词have, will和情态动词的否定形式是将not放在这些词的后面。

如： We must not waste any more time. 我们决不能再浪费时间了。

②实义动词的否定形式要借助于助动词，并且将否定词not加在助动词的后面。

如：I did not find Chinese easy at first. 起初，我发现学中文不容易。

③句中若有no, none, little, not, nobody, nothing, neither, nor, never, hardly, scarcely等否定意义的词，可构成陈述句的否定式。

专题十三情景交际Ⅰ.单项填空1.[2018合肥蜀山区二测]—Mike,you'vemademuchprogressthisyear.I'mveryproudofyou. —A.Thankyou.B.Soundsgreat.C.Goodluck!D.Takeiteasy.2.—Iwillgotothecountrysidetoseemygrandmotherthisafternoon,soIcan'tgoswimmingwi thyou.—A.It'smypleasure.B.Youarewelcome.C.That'sapity.D.Sure,Iam.3.—Whichoneofthebooksdoyouwant?—EitherwillbeOK.A.Noproblem.B.I'msure.eon.D.Idon'tmind.4.—WishyougoodluckinthisEnglishexam.—A.That'sOK.B.Thankyou.C.Goodjob.D.You'rewelcome.5.—Daddy,canyoucomehomeforsupperwithusthisweekend?—,butImightbealittlelate.A.I'mbusyB.HardtosayC.OfcourseD.Nevermind6.[2018合肥45中三模]—Iwillgiveyouagiftifyoukeepthesecretforme.—OK.A.It'sadeal.B.Justso-so.C.Ofcoursenot.D.I'mafraidso.7.[2018合肥包河区一测]—Pleasesayhellotoyourparentsforme.—A.Goodluck!B.Prettywell.C.Sure,Iwill.D.Thankyouallthesame.8.—Roseisn'theretoday.Issheill? —Isawheratthedoctor'sthismorning.A.Ihopeso.B.Idon'tmind.C.Iamafraidso.D.Idon'tthinkso.9.—I'vedecidedtoworkasawaiter. —Yourdreamistobeadancer.Don'tyouremember?A.Ithinkso.B.Youcan'tbeserious.C.Youarewelcome.D.Itdoesn'tmatter.10.—Ihadapleasantweekendonthefarm.—A.Oh,that'sveryniceofyou.B.It'sapleasure.C.Helpyourselftosomebeef.D.I'mgladtohearthat.11.—I'mverysorry.Ibrokeyourteacup.—A.Itdoesn'tmatter.B.You'dbetternot.C.Takeiteasy.D.It'stoobad.12.—Hi,Jack!How'sitgoing? —Wearehavingagreattimeinthewaterpark.A.Terrible.B.Prettygood.C.It'sboring.D.It'sagoodidea.13.——IhaveaheadacheandIdon'tfeellikeeatinganything.A.Howareyou?B.WhatcanIdoforyou?C.What'sthematterwithyou?D.Howdoyoulikeit?14.—Tomorrowwillbefine.Shallwegooutforapicnic?—A.Soundsgreat.B.Goodluck.C.Havefun.D.Takeiteasy.15.[2018连云港改编]—Couldyouhelpmecarrytheboxtothefootballfield,Robin? —.I'lldoitatonce.A.NotatallB.NoproblemC.WaitamomentD.That'srightⅡ.补全对话AA:Hi,Sam,it'syou!Ididn'tknowyouexerciseatthisgym(体育馆)!B:Hey,Jeff. 1A:Doyoucomehereeveryday?B:Notreally. 2 It'sfarawayfrommyhome.Howaboutyou?A:Onlyonceaweek,mostlyattheweekend.Andatothertimes,Iruninthepark.B: 3 Italsohelpsbuildupyourconfidenceanddevelopyourstrongwill.A:That'sright. 4B:I'dloveto.Takinguprunningisalreadyinmyplan.A:That'sadeal.B:Shallwegoforadrinknow?A: 5B:Let'sgo.BTony:Hi,Anna.Youdon'tlookwell.What'sthematter?Anna:IhaveaheadacheandI'msleepynow.Tony: 6Anna:Istayeduptoolatetodomyhomework.Tony:Buttherewasnotmuchhomeworkyesterday.AndIfinisheditwithinonehour. Anna:That'strue.Mygrandfatherwasill,andmyparentssenthimtothehospital. 7 Ihadtolookaftermyyoungersister.Tony: 8 How'syourgrandfathernow?Anna:Muchbetter.Thedoctorgavehimsomemedicine.Tony:Oh,Isee. 9Anna:No,IgotuplateandIdidn'thaveenoughtimetoeatit.Tony:Let'ssharemybreakfasttogether.Anna: 10Tony:You'rewelcome.CA:Hi,Tom!Youlookveryhappytoday.B:Oh,yes.Guesswhat!MybestfriendBeniscoming.A:Oh,really? 11B:Tomorrow.Ican'twaittoseehim.A: 12B:Fortwoweeks.A: 13B:Heisreallyfriendly.I'msureyouwilllikehimwhenyouseehim.A:Whatdoeshelooklike?B: 14 Heplaysfootballwell.A:Couldyouintroducehimtome?DA:Hello,Bob!Howisitgoing?B:Hello,Kate! 16 Andyou?A:Verywell.What'syourplanforthesummer?B:IhadaChinesecourselastyear,andI'dliketogoonwithitthissummer. A:Howwasthecourse? 17B:Yes.Itseemedthatwayatfirst.Butafterawhileitbecameeasier.A:Youwerethebestintheclass,right?B:IdidgetanA.Well,couldyoutellmeyoursummerplan? 18A:No,notthissummer. 19B:Thatmustbeveryinteresting.CanIgowithyou?A: 20 Oh,therecomesthebus!Goodbye!B:Bye-bye!EA:Goodmorning,sir. 21B:I'dliketobuyashirt,please.A:Oh,good!We'vegotlotsofnewshirtsofdifferentstyles.Thisway,please. 22B:Letmehavealookfirst.A:Thisblueoneismadeofcotton,andthatgreenoneismadeofsilk.Bothofthemfeelsoftandco olinsummer.B:Thegreenonelooksnice. 23A:Ofcourse.Hmm,itfitsyouverywell.B:Thankyou! 24A:$78.B: 25A:Butitreallylooksbeautifulonyou.B:Thatistrue.OK.I'lltakeit.【参考答案】Ⅰ.1—5ACDBC 6—10ACCBD 11—15ABCABⅡ.1—5BDGEA 6—10CGAEB 11—15CAEFB16—20EDBAG 21—25ECAFG。

专题十三情景交际1.[2017安徽,31]—I'mafraidIcan'tdowellinthegame.—.It'sjustforfun.A.SoundsgoodB.WhatapityC.ThankyouD.Takeiteasy2.[2016安徽,45]—Ithinkittakesalotofpracticetoplaytheviolinwell. —.Practicemakesperfect.A.NowayB.MypleasureC.I'mafraidnotD.That'strue3.[2015安徽,34]—Iwillhaveanimportantmatchtomorrow.IhopeIwillwin. —.A.GoodluckB.NoideaC.That'ssuchapityD.It'sallright4.[2014安徽,33]—CanIbringafriendtoyourbirthdayparty?—Sure, .A.noproblemB.notatallC.mypleasureD.welldone5.[2014安徽,50]—Wefailedinthesingingcompetition.—.Bettertimesarewaitingforyou.A.NowayB.BestwishesC.CheerupD.Goodjob6.[2013安徽,33]—Wouldyoulikesomemilk?—.A.Yes,pleaseB.ThesametoyouC.HelpyourselfD.Mypleasure7.[2013安徽,42]—Itwillbemyturn.Ifeelalittlenervous. —Youcanmakeit!A.Congratulations!B.Takeiteasy.C.Lookout!D.Haveagoodtime.8.[2013安徽,50]—TVsaystherewillbeastormtomorrow.—.Iplannedtogoclimbingwithmyclassmates.A.IhopesoB.I'mafraidsoC.SoundsgoodD.Badluck9.[2012安徽,33]—Whatanicemeal!It'sreallykindofyoutoinviteus. —.I'mgladyoulikedit.A.NotatallB.SoundsgoodC.WelldoneD.Nevermind10.[2012安徽,50]—I'mgoingtoapartyonThursdaynightatJimmy'shouse. —!You'llhavetwotestsatschoolonFriday.A.It'snicetosaysoB.That'sexcitingC.EnjoyyourselfD.Youcan'tbeserious11.[2011安徽,40]—I'malwaysalittlenervouswhenItalktoMr.Smith. —.Heisstrict,butheiskindtohisstudents.A.That'srightB.WhatapityC.TakeiteasyD.Takeyourtime12.[2011安徽,47]—Tony,don'tdrawonthewall.Itisn'tgoodbehavior. —A.Nevermind.B.Yes,I'dloveto.C.Ofcoursenot.D.Sorry,Iwon't.13.[2011安徽,50]—Areyousureyoucandowellintomorrow'stest,Lucy? —.I'vegoteverythingready.A.It'shardtosayB.I'mafraidnotC.IthinksoD.Ihopenot14.[2010安徽,36]—Ihopeyoudon'tmindmyopeningthewindow.—.It'smuchtoohothere.A.CertainlyB.OfcoursenotC.AllrightD.Nevermind15.[2010安徽,42]—PleasebringlittleTomnexttimeyoucometoAnhui. —,thankyou.A.IwillB.IhopesoC.That'srightD.Mypleasure16.[2009安徽,50]—WillyoujoinustoplaybasketballonSaturdayafternoon?—,butIpromisedtogoswimmingwithEric.A.NevermindB.ManythanksC.TakeiteasyD.MypleasureⅡ.补全对话A[2018安徽]A:Hi,Alice. 1B:Yeah,I'dliketodosometraveling.A: 2B:Notyet.A:Doyouwanttotravelinbigcities?B: 3A:HowaboutHuangshanMountain?B: 4A:Sure!InChina,it'sconsideredtobethekingofallthemountains.B: 5A:Right.Youcanseespecialpines(松树),rocksandclouds.Youcanenjoyhotspringsaswell. B:Great!Thankyou.B[2017安徽]LiLei:Hey,Bruce.I'mgoinghomethisweekend.Bruce: 6LiLei:TocelebratetheMid-AutumnFestival.Bruce: 7LiLei:Itisanimportanttimeforfamily.Bruce: 8LiLei:We'llhavedinnertogether,watchthemoonandeatmooncakes. Bruce:Mooncakes?Aretheydelicious?LiLei:Yes. 9 Wecancelebrateittogether.Bruce: 10 Thankyou!LiLei:Youarewelcome.【参考答案】Ⅰ.1.D 2.D 3.A 4.A 5.C 6.A 7.B 8.D 9.A10.D 11.C 12.D 13.C 14.B 15.A 16.BⅡ.1—5GDFCE 6—10BDFGC。