wordsworth 华兹华斯
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第二讲华兹华斯(W.Wordsworth,1770—1850)
《古舟子咏》
• Beyond the shadow of the ship, I watched the water-snakes: They moved in tracks of shining white, And when they reared, the elfish light Fell off in hoary flakes. “在那船身的阴影之外， 水蛇和白光游动在海面： 每当它们竖起蛇身时， 水泡抖落如霜花飞溅。
《抒情歌谣集》中其他作品
• • • • • • 《坎伯兰的老乞丐》 《我们共七个》 《艾丽丝·费尔》 《写于早春的诗句》 《老猎户西门·李》 《反其道》
《写于早春的诗句》
• • 鸟儿在我四周蹦跳雀跃， 我躺卧在树林之中， 它们的心意我可无从捉摸—— 听着融谐的千万声音， 但即便是它们细微的动作， 闲适的情绪，愉快的思想， 也好象是一种战栗的欢乐。 却带来了忧心忡忡。 那充斥我身的人类灵魂 在大自然的神迹下通往灵光， 让我的心悲伤地想起 人是怎样对待人的同类的。 嫩枝萌芽伸展如扇， 要捕捉那轻快的微风， 我只能想到，尽我之所能， 在那里也有欢乐。
幸福呵！活在那个黎明之中， 年轻人更是如进天堂！
——《序曲》
对法国大革命产生了幻灭感
• 雅各宾专政的恐怖政策 • 拿破仑的扩张战争
悲剧《边境居民》（1795—1796）
自1795年开始进行乡村创作
• 中期创作阶段：1795--1807 • 1795年与柯勒律治的交往标志着华兹华斯 中期创作阶段的开始。 • 1798年与柯勒律治共同出版的诗集《抒情 歌谣集》，及1800年这部诗集再版时华兹 华斯所写的序言，揭开了英国文学史崭新 的一页，开启了英国浪漫主义时代。 • 1798-1799年，写下《采干果》、《露丝》 和《露西》等组诗，开始创作长诗《序 曲》。
wordsworth 生平及作品
summer tour to France
After getting his degree in Cambridge
1791, back to France financial difficulties
weakened revolutionary spirit
1797, Coleridge Poet Laureate
Comments on Wordsworth
4. Wordsworth’s good poetry were written first during the ______decade between _____and_____. 1798 1807 When he lived in seclusion, his poems became declined and more and more conservative in thought.
Examples
1) Tintern Abbey(p.203—204) Abbey(p.203— 2)”She Dwelt Among the Untrodden Ways”, from Lucy Ways” Poems 《露西组诗》(p.204— 露西组诗》(p.204— 205)
Comments on His Poetry
“丁登寺杂咏” 丁登寺杂咏” 丁登寺杂咏
Comments on Wordsworth
Besides a deep love for nature, 2. A masterhand in searching and revealing the feelings of the common people Many themes: from rural life Characters: lower classes in the countryside
威廉.华兹华斯（WilliamWordsworth）诗选
威廉.华兹华斯（WilliamWordsworth）诗选华兹华斯(William Wordsworth)（1770-1850），主要作品有《抒情歌谣集》、《序曲》、《远游》等。
华兹华斯简介：华兹华斯William Wordsworth（1770～1850）英国诗人，与柯尔律治、骚塞同被称为“湖畔派”诗人。
华兹华斯生于律师之家，少孤，就学于剑桥大学，1790年和1791年两次赴法。
当时正是法国大革命的年代，年轻的华兹华斯对革命深表同情与向往。
回国后不久，局势剧变，华兹华斯对法国大革命的态度渐趋保守，最后，终于成为安享“桂冠诗人”称号的保守派。
华兹华斯的诗以描写自然风光、田园景色、乡民村姑、少男少女闻名于世。
文笔朴素清新，自然流畅，一反新古典主义平板、典雅的风格，开创了新鲜活泼的浪漫主义诗风。
1798年华兹华斯与柯尔律治共同发表的《抒情歌谣集》宣告了浪漫主义新诗的诞生。
华兹华斯在1800年《抒情歌谣集》第二版的序言中详细阐述了浪漫主义新诗的理论，主张以平民的语言抒写平民的事物、思想与感情，被誉为浪漫主义诗歌的宣言。
此后，华兹华斯的诗歌在深度与广度方面得到进一步的发展，在描写自然风光、平民事物之中寓有深意，寄托着自我反思和人生探索的哲理思维。
完成于1805年、发表于1850年的长诗《序曲》则是他最具有代表性的作品。
华兹华斯诗才最旺盛的时期是1797至1807年的10年。
其后佳作不多，到1843年被任命为“桂冠诗人”时已经没有什么作品了。
然而纵观他的一生，其诗歌成就是突出的，不愧为继莎士比亚、弥尔顿之后的一代大家。
丁登寺昏睡曾蒙住我的心灵她住在无人迹的小路旁我有过奇异的心血来潮我曾在陌生人中间作客威斯敏斯特桥上我孤独地漫游，像一朵云孤独的割麦女我们是七个------------------------------------------------------- 丁登寺五年过去了，五个夏天，还有五个漫长的冬天！并且我重又听见这些水声，从山泉中滚流出来，在内陆的溪流中柔声低语。
华兹华斯
华兹华斯
• 华兹华斯（William Wordsworth,1770-1850）， 英国诗人，华兹华斯生于 律师之家，1783年他的父 亲去世，他和弟兄们由舅 父照管，妹妹多萝西 （Dorothy）则由外祖父母 抚养。多萝西与他最为亲 近，终身未嫁，一直与他 作伴。
诗人生平
• 1787年他进剑桥大学圣约翰学院学习，大学毕业 后去法国，住在布卢瓦。他对法国革命怀有热情， 认为这场革命表现了人性的完美，将拯救帝制之 下处于水深火热中的人民。在布卢瓦他结识了许 多温和派的吉伦特党人。1792年华兹华斯回到伦 敦，仍对革命充满热情。但他的舅父对他的政治 活动表示不满，不愿再予接济。正在走投无路时， 一位一直同情并钦佩他的老同学去世，留给他 900英镑。于是在1795年10月，他与多萝西一起 迁居乡间，实现接近自然并探讨人生意义的宿愿。 多萝西聪慧体贴，给他创造了写作条件。
• “湖畔派”三诗人中成就最高者为华兹华斯。他于1789年和柯勒律治 合作发表了《抒情歌谣集》，华兹华斯和柯尔律治从拥护法国革命变 成反对,于是前者寄情山水,在大自然里找慰藉；后者神游异域和古代， 以梦境为归宿。两人的诗歌合集,题名《抒情歌谣集》,于1798年出版， 《抒情歌谣集》宣告了浪漫主义新诗的诞生。两年后再版，华兹华斯 加了一个长序，在这篇序中，华兹华斯详细阐述了他的浪漫主义文学 主张，主张以平民的语言抒写平民的事物、思想与感情，被誉为浪漫 主义诗歌的宣言。 • 他认为“所有的好诗都是强烈情感的自然流露”（poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings），主张诗人“选用人们 真正用的语言”来写“普通生活里的事件和情境”，而反对以18世纪 格雷为代表的“诗歌词藻”。他进而论述诗和诗人的崇高地位,认为 “诗是一切知识的开始和终结,它同人心一样不朽”，而诗人则是“人 性的最坚强的保护者，是支持者和维护者。他所到之处都播下人的情 谊和爱”。 • 此后，华兹华斯的诗歌在深度与广度方面得到进一步的发展，在描写 自然风光、平民事物之中寓有深意，寄托着自我反思和人生探索的哲 理思维。完成于1805年、发表于1850年的长诗《序曲》则是他最具 有代表性的作品。 • 华兹华斯诗才最旺盛的时期是1797至1807年的10年。其后佳作不多， 到1843年被任命为“桂冠诗人”时已经没有什么作品了。然而纵观他 的一生，其诗歌成就是突出的，不愧为继莎品
• 华兹华斯（William Wordsworth,1770-1850）， 英国诗人，华兹华斯生于 律师之家，1783年他的父 亲去世，他和弟兄们由舅 父照管，妹妹多萝西 （Dorothy）则由外祖父母 抚养。多萝西与他最为亲 近，终身未嫁，一直与他 作伴。
诗人生平
• 1787年他进剑桥大学圣约翰学院学习，大学毕业 后去法国，住在布卢瓦。他对法国革命怀有热情， 认为这场革命表现了人性的完美，将拯救帝制之 下处于水深火热中的人民。在布卢瓦他结识了许 多温和派的吉伦特党人。1792年华兹华斯回到伦 敦，仍对革命充满热情。但他的舅父对他的政治 活动表示不满，不愿再予接济。正在走投无路时， 一位一直同情并钦佩他的老同学去世，留给他 900英镑。于是在1795年10月，他与多萝西一起 迁居乡间，实现接近自然并探讨人生意义的宿愿。 多萝西聪慧体贴，给他创造了写作条件。
• “湖畔派”三诗人中成就最高者为华兹华斯。他于1789年和柯勒律治 合作发表了《抒情歌谣集》，华兹华斯和柯尔律治从拥护法国革命变 成反对,于是前者寄情山水,在大自然里找慰藉；后者神游异域和古代， 以梦境为归宿。两人的诗歌合集,题名《抒情歌谣集》,于1798年出版， 《抒情歌谣集》宣告了浪漫主义新诗的诞生。两年后再版，华兹华斯 加了一个长序，在这篇序中，华兹华斯详细阐述了他的浪漫主义文学 主张，主张以平民的语言抒写平民的事物、思想与感情，被誉为浪漫 主义诗歌的宣言。 • 他认为“所有的好诗都是强烈情感的自然流露”（poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings），主张诗人“选用人们 真正用的语言”来写“普通生活里的事件和情境”，而反对以18世纪 格雷为代表的“诗歌词藻”。他进而论述诗和诗人的崇高地位,认为 “诗是一切知识的开始和终结,它同人心一样不朽”，而诗人则是“人 性的最坚强的保护者，是支持者和维护者。他所到之处都播下人的情 谊和爱”。 • 此后，华兹华斯的诗歌在深度与广度方面得到进一步的发展，在描写 自然风光、平民事物之中寓有深意，寄托着自我反思和人生探索的哲 理思维。完成于1805年、发表于1850年的长诗《序曲》则是他最具 有代表性的作品。 • 华兹华斯诗才最旺盛的时期是1797至1807年的10年。其后佳作不多， 到1843年被任命为“桂冠诗人”时已经没有什么作品了。然而纵观他 的一生，其诗歌成就是突出的，不愧为继莎品
(完整版)William-Wordsworth华兹华斯详细英语简介
of 1790 heightened Wordsworth's exhilarated response to the grandeur of
nature.
A more important influence on his life was the French Revolution, with which his heart was stirred and his imagination fired. It seemed to him a new dawn of freedom was breaking on the world. He crossed the Channel and lived through
William Wordsworth (1770-
1850)
• Representative of the Romantic poets.
• His poetry is a voice of comprehensive humanity and one that inspires his audience to see the world freshly, sympathetically and naturally.
• About 1798 he started to write a large and philosophical autobiographical poem, completed in 1805, and published posthumously in 1850 under the title The Prelude.
• regained interest in worldly events, and their attitudes became increasingly conservative.
nature.
A more important influence on his life was the French Revolution, with which his heart was stirred and his imagination fired. It seemed to him a new dawn of freedom was breaking on the world. He crossed the Channel and lived through
William Wordsworth (1770-
1850)
• Representative of the Romantic poets.
• His poetry is a voice of comprehensive humanity and one that inspires his audience to see the world freshly, sympathetically and naturally.
• About 1798 he started to write a large and philosophical autobiographical poem, completed in 1805, and published posthumously in 1850 under the title The Prelude.
• regained interest in worldly events, and their attitudes became increasingly conservative.
wordsworth华兹华斯解析
9 They stretch'd in never-ending line 10 Along the margin of a bay: 11 Ten thousand saw I at a glance 12 Tossing their heads in sprightly dance.
我独自游荡，像一朵孤云
像银河的繁星连绵不断， 辉映着夜空，时暗又时亮； 水仙就沿着那整个湖湾， 望不到尽头地伸向前方； 我一眼望去便看到万千---在欢舞中把头点了又点。
13 The waves beside them danced, but they 14 Out-did the sparkling waves in glee:--15 A Poet could not but be gay 16 In such a jocund company! 17 I gazed---and gazed---but little thought 18 What wealth the show to me had brought;
完成于1805年、发表于1850年的长诗《序 曲》则是他最具有代表性的作品。代表作还 有《丁登寺》，《露西组诗》，《决心与独 立》，《我们是七个》，《咏黄水仙花》等。
华兹华斯诗才最旺盛的时期是1797至 1807年的10年。 1843年被任命为“桂冠诗 人”
THE DAFFODILS 1 I wander'd lonely as a cloud 2 That floats on high o'er vales and hills, 3 When all at once I saw a crowd, 4 A host of golden daffodils, 5 Beside the lake, beneath the trees, 6 Fluttering and dancing in the breeze.
我独自游荡，像一朵孤云
像银河的繁星连绵不断， 辉映着夜空，时暗又时亮； 水仙就沿着那整个湖湾， 望不到尽头地伸向前方； 我一眼望去便看到万千---在欢舞中把头点了又点。
13 The waves beside them danced, but they 14 Out-did the sparkling waves in glee:--15 A Poet could not but be gay 16 In such a jocund company! 17 I gazed---and gazed---but little thought 18 What wealth the show to me had brought;
完成于1805年、发表于1850年的长诗《序 曲》则是他最具有代表性的作品。代表作还 有《丁登寺》，《露西组诗》，《决心与独 立》，《我们是七个》，《咏黄水仙花》等。
华兹华斯诗才最旺盛的时期是1797至 1807年的10年。 1843年被任命为“桂冠诗 人”
THE DAFFODILS 1 I wander'd lonely as a cloud 2 That floats on high o'er vales and hills, 3 When all at once I saw a crowd, 4 A host of golden daffodils, 5 Beside the lake, beneath the trees, 6 Fluttering and dancing in the breeze.
华兹华斯
LOGO 外国文学史
孤独的收割人
她唱什么 谁能告诉我？ 忧伤的音符不断流涌 是把遥远的不幸诉说？ 是把古代的战争吟咏？ 也许她的歌比较卑谦 只是唱今日平凡的悲欢 只是唱自然的哀伤苦痛—— 昨天经受过 明天又将重逢？
LOGO 外国文学史
孤独的收割人
姑娘唱什么 我猜不着 她的歌如流水永无尽头 只见她一面唱一面干活 弯腰挥镰 操劳不休…… 我凝神不动 听她歌唱 然后 当我登上了山岗 尽管歌声早已不能听到 它却仍在我心头缭绕
LOGO 外国文学史
小组成员：
包栢川、张颖、 孙林、周方圆、 廖珠玉、李小松、邹璐
Makபைடு நூலகம் Presentation much more fun
粼粼波光也跳着舞， 水仙的欢欣却胜过水波； 与这样快活的伴侣为伍， 诗人怎能不满心快乐！ 我久久凝望，却想象不到 这奇景赋予我多少财宝。 每当我躺在床上不眠， 或心神空茫，或默默沉思， 它们常在心灵中闪现， 那是孤独之中的福； 于是我的心便涨满幸福， 和水仙一同翩翩起舞
LOGO 外国文学史
早期创作（1770年——1795年） 《黄昏信步》 《景物素描》 中期创作（1796年——1807年） 1802年至1807年是华兹 华斯创作颇丰的时期 诗集《抒情歌谣集》、长诗《 序曲》、《孤独的收割者》、《 颂诗：忆幼年而悟不朽》（《不 朽颂》） 后期创作（1807年——1850年） 《雷阿德迈亚》、《戴翁》、 《漫游》
看 一个孤独的高原姑娘 在远远的田野间收割 一边割一边独自歌唱，—— 请你站住 或者悄悄走过！ 她独自把麦子割了又捆 唱出无限悲凉的歌声 屏息听吧！深广的谷地 已被歌声涨满而漫溢！
LOGO 外国文学史
孤独的收割人
还从未有过夜莺百啭 唱出过如此迷人的歌 在沙漠中的绿荫间 抚慰过疲惫的旅客 还从未有过杜鹃迎春 声声啼得如此震动灵魂 在遥远的赫布利底群岛 打破过大海的寂寥
华兹华斯的名言
华兹华斯的名言华兹华斯（William Wordsworth，1770-1850）是英国浪漫主义诗人，以他的诗歌表达了对自然和人类内心世界的探索和赞美。
他的作品深受启发和影响，并对后来的文学创作产生了深远的影响。
以下是华兹华斯的一些名言及其相关参考内容。
1. "Poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings: it takes its origin from emotion recollected in tranquility."（诗歌是强烈情感的自然流露：它的起源来源于内心静寂中重新回忆起的情感。
）这句话来自华兹华斯的《论诗歌的概念和未来的前景》（Preface to Lyrical Ballads），他在这里强调了诗歌来自内心深处情感的自发性和内省的重要性。
2. "Fill your paper with the breathings of your heart."（用你心灵的呼吸来填充你的纸张。
）这句话来自华兹华斯的一封信，他鼓励诗人以真挚的情感将自己的内心世界表达出来，并在作品中探索与读者的情感共鸣。
3. "The best portion of a good man's life: His little, nameless, unremembered acts of kindness and of love."（优秀人生的最美好部分：他无名无记的善行和爱。
）这句话出自华兹华斯的长诗《加里忒亚修女》（Tintern Abbey），他在该作中表达了对无私的善行的赞美，并认为这些善行是人生中最珍贵的部分。
4. "The child is father of the man."（孩童是大人的先导。
）这句话出自华兹华斯的诗歌《寓言》，他认为童年时期的经历和体验对个人成长和塑造性格起着关键作用。
浅析华兹华斯诗歌中的生态观
浅析华兹华斯诗歌中的生态观华兹华斯（William Wordsworth）是英国浪漫主义诗人，被誉为“英国无声诗人之杰”。
他与塞缪尔·泰勒·柯尔律治一起，开创了浪漫主义诗歌的先河，并对后世诗人产生了巨大的影响。
华兹华斯的诗歌以自然景色为主题，其中蕴含了丰富的生态观。
华兹华斯的生态观主要表现在他对自然的热爱和对人类与自然的关系的思考上。
他提倡人与自然和谐相处，反对人类对自然的掠夺和破坏。
华兹华斯的诗歌中经常出现对自然景色的描写，他以精细入微的观察和富有感情的笔触，描绘出了大自然的壮丽景色和细腻之美。
在他的代表作《威风堡抒怀诗》中，他描绘了湖光山色、流水花园等美景，让读者感受到了大自然的魅力和美妙。
他的诗歌中展现了对大自然的敬畏之情，将大自然视为一种神圣的存在。
华兹华斯的诗歌还表达了对自然环境的忧虑和警示。
他关注人类对自然的破坏行为，认为人类过度开发和消耗自然资源是不可持续的，最终将导致灾难性后果。
在《智者村庄》中，他抨击了当时兴起的工业化，在他看来，工业化不仅破坏了自然环境，也剥夺了人们与自然和谐相处的机会。
华兹华斯的生态观还体现在他对人类与自然的关系的思考上。
他认为人类与自然应该是一体的整体，而不是对立的关系。
他认为人类的内心如同大自然一样，是纯洁、善良和和谐的，只有与自然保持联系和相互融合，人类才能实现内心的和谐与幸福。
在他的诗歌中，他用诗人与自然相互融合的形象，来表达人类与自然的合一和互补。
华兹华斯的诗歌中蕴含着丰富的生态观。
他的诗歌以对自然的热爱和对人类与自然关系的思考为主题，强调了人与自然和谐相处的重要性，并对人类对自然环境的破坏行为表示忧虑和警示。
他的诗歌向人们传递出珍爱自然、保护环境的生态理念，对我们今天的环境保护和可持续发展具有重要的启示意义。
wordsworth 生平及作品
Comments on Wordsworth
pathetic(忧郁、感情上的) pictures 忧郁、感情上的 忧郁 of the working people “The Solitary Reaper” “孤独的收割者” 孤独的收割者” 孤独的收割者 sympathy to the sufferings of the naivety天真 of simple 天真 poor, humble peasants peasant children “The Ruined Cottage” “We Are Seven” “Simon Lee” “我们是七个” 我们是七个” 我们是七个 “The Old Cumberland Beggar”
Comments on Wordsworth
1.Descriptions of mountains… and peasants, and reminiscences (回忆 回忆)of his own childhood … 回忆
Lines Written in Early Spring “早春诗行” 早春诗行” 早春诗行 To the Cuckoo “致布谷鸟” 致布谷鸟” The Daffodils “水仙花” 水仙花” 致布谷鸟 水仙花 I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud “我独自漫游像一朵浮云” 我独自漫游像一朵浮云” 我独自漫游像一朵浮云 My Heart Leaps Up “我的心激烈地跳动” 我的心激烈地跳动” 我的心激烈地跳动 Intimations of Immortality “不朽颂” 不朽颂” 不朽颂 Lines Composed a Few Miles Above Tintern Abbey
Comments on Wordsworth
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William Wordsworth
I Wondered Lonely as a Cloud & The World Is Too Much with Us
Life
William Wordsworth's long and uneventful life divides itself into four periods: 1) His childhood and youth in the Cumberland Hills from 1770 to 1787; 2 ) a period of storm and stress( a movement which happened in Germany in the 18th century, where the writers rose up against the classicists) ; this period includes his university life at Cambridge, his travels abroad, and his revolutionary experience from 1787 to 1797; 3) a short but significant period of finding himself and his works from 1797 to 1799; 4) a long period of retirement in the northern lake region, where for a full half century he lived so close to nature that her influence is reflected in all his poetry.
His Major Works
Wordsworth is a poet in memory of the past. To him, life is a cyclical journey. Its beginning finally turns out to be its end. His philosophy of life is presented in his masterpiece The Prelude. It opens with a literal journey whose goal is to return to the Vale of Grasmere. The journey goes through the poet's personal history, carrying the metaphorical meaning of his interior journey and questing for his lost early self and the proper spiritual home. The poem charts this growth from infancy to manhood. We are shown the development of human consciousness under the sway of an imagination united to the grandeur of nature. Later books of The Prelude describe Wordsworth's experiences in France: his republicanism, his affair with Annette Vallon, his “substantial dread” during the Terror and his continuing support of the ideals underlying the Revolution. The concluding description of the ascent of Snowdon becomes a symbol of the poet's climb to the height of his inspired powers and to that state of vision in which, dedicating himself to humanity, he becomes one of the “Prophets of nature”.
His Poetic Principle
Wordsworth based his own poetical principle on the premise that “all good poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feeling”. He appealed directly to individual sensations, i.e., pleasure, excitement and enjoyment, as the foundation in the creation and appreciation of poetry. Poetry “takes its origin from emotion recollected in tranquility”. A poet’s emotion extends from human affairs to nature, but emotion immediately expressed is as raw as wine newly bottled. Tranquil contemplation of an emotional experience matures the feeling and sensation, and makes possible the creation of good poetry like the refining of good wine. The function of poetry lies in its power to give an unexpected splendor to familiar and commonplace things, to incidents and situations from common life just as a prism can give a ray of commonplace sunlight the manifold miracle of colour. Ordinary peasants, children, even outcasts, all may be used as subjects in poetical creation. As to the language used in poetry, Wordsworth “endeavored to bring (his) language near to the real language of men”, “by fitting to metrical arrangement a selection of the real language of men” to a state of vivid sensation. These principles helped to crumbled the theoretical foundations of the classical school of English poetry and to spire a new generation of poets. The Preface to the “Lyrical Ballads” served as the manifesto of the English Romantic movement in poetry.
His Major Works
Wordsworth is regarded as a "worshipper of nature". Poems like "The Sparrow's Nest", "To a Skylark", "To the Cuckoo" and "To a Butterfly" are just a few examples to show his genuine love for the natural beauty. "I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud" is perhaps the most anthologized poem in English literature, and one that takes us to the core of Wordsworth's poetic beliefs. To Wordsworth, nature acts as a substitute for imaginative and intellectual engagement with the development of embodied human beings in their diverse circumstances. It's nature that gives him strength and knowledge full nely as a Cloud”
"I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud "
His Major Works
Wordsworth thinks that common life is the only subject of literary interest. The joys and sorrows of the common people are his themes. His sympathy always goes to the suffering poor. When we read poems like: " The Thorn ", " The Sailor's Mother", "Michael", "The Affliction of Margaret", and "The Old Cumberland Beggar", we find ourselves in the presence of poverty, crime, insanity, ruined innocence, solitary anguish, and even despair. The "Lucy poems" describe with rare elusive beauty of simple lyricism and haunting rhythm a young country girl living a simple life in a remote village far from the civilized world. They are verses of love and loss which hold within their delicate simplicity a meditation on time and death which rises to universal stat re. In its daring use of subject matter and sense of the authenticity of the experience of the poorest, "Resolution and Independence" is the triumphant conclusion of ideas first developed in the Lyrical Ballads.
I Wondered Lonely as a Cloud & The World Is Too Much with Us
Life
William Wordsworth's long and uneventful life divides itself into four periods: 1) His childhood and youth in the Cumberland Hills from 1770 to 1787; 2 ) a period of storm and stress( a movement which happened in Germany in the 18th century, where the writers rose up against the classicists) ; this period includes his university life at Cambridge, his travels abroad, and his revolutionary experience from 1787 to 1797; 3) a short but significant period of finding himself and his works from 1797 to 1799; 4) a long period of retirement in the northern lake region, where for a full half century he lived so close to nature that her influence is reflected in all his poetry.
His Major Works
Wordsworth is a poet in memory of the past. To him, life is a cyclical journey. Its beginning finally turns out to be its end. His philosophy of life is presented in his masterpiece The Prelude. It opens with a literal journey whose goal is to return to the Vale of Grasmere. The journey goes through the poet's personal history, carrying the metaphorical meaning of his interior journey and questing for his lost early self and the proper spiritual home. The poem charts this growth from infancy to manhood. We are shown the development of human consciousness under the sway of an imagination united to the grandeur of nature. Later books of The Prelude describe Wordsworth's experiences in France: his republicanism, his affair with Annette Vallon, his “substantial dread” during the Terror and his continuing support of the ideals underlying the Revolution. The concluding description of the ascent of Snowdon becomes a symbol of the poet's climb to the height of his inspired powers and to that state of vision in which, dedicating himself to humanity, he becomes one of the “Prophets of nature”.
His Poetic Principle
Wordsworth based his own poetical principle on the premise that “all good poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feeling”. He appealed directly to individual sensations, i.e., pleasure, excitement and enjoyment, as the foundation in the creation and appreciation of poetry. Poetry “takes its origin from emotion recollected in tranquility”. A poet’s emotion extends from human affairs to nature, but emotion immediately expressed is as raw as wine newly bottled. Tranquil contemplation of an emotional experience matures the feeling and sensation, and makes possible the creation of good poetry like the refining of good wine. The function of poetry lies in its power to give an unexpected splendor to familiar and commonplace things, to incidents and situations from common life just as a prism can give a ray of commonplace sunlight the manifold miracle of colour. Ordinary peasants, children, even outcasts, all may be used as subjects in poetical creation. As to the language used in poetry, Wordsworth “endeavored to bring (his) language near to the real language of men”, “by fitting to metrical arrangement a selection of the real language of men” to a state of vivid sensation. These principles helped to crumbled the theoretical foundations of the classical school of English poetry and to spire a new generation of poets. The Preface to the “Lyrical Ballads” served as the manifesto of the English Romantic movement in poetry.
His Major Works
Wordsworth is regarded as a "worshipper of nature". Poems like "The Sparrow's Nest", "To a Skylark", "To the Cuckoo" and "To a Butterfly" are just a few examples to show his genuine love for the natural beauty. "I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud" is perhaps the most anthologized poem in English literature, and one that takes us to the core of Wordsworth's poetic beliefs. To Wordsworth, nature acts as a substitute for imaginative and intellectual engagement with the development of embodied human beings in their diverse circumstances. It's nature that gives him strength and knowledge full nely as a Cloud”
"I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud "
His Major Works
Wordsworth thinks that common life is the only subject of literary interest. The joys and sorrows of the common people are his themes. His sympathy always goes to the suffering poor. When we read poems like: " The Thorn ", " The Sailor's Mother", "Michael", "The Affliction of Margaret", and "The Old Cumberland Beggar", we find ourselves in the presence of poverty, crime, insanity, ruined innocence, solitary anguish, and even despair. The "Lucy poems" describe with rare elusive beauty of simple lyricism and haunting rhythm a young country girl living a simple life in a remote village far from the civilized world. They are verses of love and loss which hold within their delicate simplicity a meditation on time and death which rises to universal stat re. In its daring use of subject matter and sense of the authenticity of the experience of the poorest, "Resolution and Independence" is the triumphant conclusion of ideas first developed in the Lyrical Ballads.