机械加工工艺规程编制和工序专用夹具的设计

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-- 摘 要

本次毕业设计的主要内容是机械加工工艺规程编制和工序专用夹具的设计。设计内容涉及了机械制造工艺及机床夹具设计、金属切削机床和刀具的选用、公差配合与测量等多方面的知识。为了能够完成铣床拨叉壳体机械加工工艺及钻床夹具的设计任务，综合运用机械制造工艺学和其它课程的基本理论和方法，正确的制订铣床拨叉壳体的机械加工工艺规程。通过对立式升降台铣床拨叉壳体两种加工工艺路线的比较分析，确定了设计方案。该方案是以三个面作为基准，实现基准统一原则，在保证所要求的质量和劳动生产率的前提下降低了生产成本。本夹具为钻床使用的专用夹具，其特点是结构紧凑、操作简单及生产率高，满足机床夹具总体方案设计的基本要求，具有良好的结构工艺性。

关键词：拨叉壳体；加工工艺；专用夹具

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-- Abstract

The graduation design is the main content of the machining process planning

preparation and special fixture design process. Design content involves the

mechanical manufacturing technology and machine tool clamp design, metal

cutting machine tools and tool selection, tolerance matching and measure the and

so on various knowledge. In order to be able to complete the milling machine fork

shell machining technology and drilling fixture design task, the integrated use of

mechanical manufacturing technology and other basic curriculum of basic theory

and method, the formulation of the milling machine right fork to shell the

machining process planning. Through to the vertical lift milling machine fork shell

two kinds of processing technology of the route to compare and analyze the,

determined the positioning scheme. The scheme is based on three face as a

benchmark, realize the benchmark principle, ensure the required quality and the

labor productivity under the prerequisite of the lower production costs. This fixture

for drilling machine use special jig, its characteristic is compact structure, simple

operation and high productivity, meet machine tool fixtures overall design of the

basic requirements and have good technology structure.

Key words: Extract fork shell；Processing technology；Special fixture

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-- 目 录

摘 要 ........................................................................................................... ............Ⅰ

Abstract .................................................................................................................... Ⅱ

第1章 绪论 ............................................................................................................. 1

1.1 壳体类零件综述 ......................................................................................... 1

1.2 壳体类零件国内外发展概况 ..................................................................... 1

1.2.1 壳体类零件国内发展概况 ............................................................... 1

1.2.2 壳体类零件夹具国外发展概况 ....................................................... 2

第2章 零件的工艺规程设计 ................................................................................. 4

2.1 铣床拨叉壳体的工艺分析 ......................................................................... 4

2.1.1 拨叉壳体的作用 ............................................................................... 4

2.1.2 拨叉壳体的工艺分析 ....................................................................... 4

2.2 材料及毛坯种类的选用 ............................................................................. 5

2.3 机械加工工艺路线制订 ............................................................................. 6

2.3.1 选择定位基准 ................................................................................... 6

2.3.2 制订工艺路线 ................................................................................... 8

2.3.3 选择加工设备与工艺装备 ............................................................. 13

2.3.4 确定机械加工余量、工序尺寸及公差 ......................................... 13

2.3.5 确定切削用量及基本时间 ............................................................. 16

第3章 机床专用夹具的设计 ............................................................................. 41

3.1 确定设计任务、明确加工要求 ............................................................... 41

3.2 确定定位方案 ........................................................................................... 41

3.3 夹紧机构的设计 ....................................................................................... 41

3.4 计算切削力和夹紧力 ............................................................................... 41

3.5 定位误差的计算 ................................................................................................... 42

3.6 夹具体的设计 ........................................................................................... 43

3.7 夹具与机床连接元件的选择 ................................................................... 44

3.8 夹具的使用说明 ....................................................................................... 44

3.9 夹具的结构特点 ....................................................................................... 44