【上海交大教师_常辉】复旦、交大自主招生英语应试指导及真题详解-第_7_讲：作文真题解析必备学习

第 2 讲：语法与词汇（往年真题解析）————————————————————————————————————————————第一部分复旦试题200631．The score that a student obtains before any adjustment and transformation is called the score.A．bare B．raw C．primitive D．crude此题考的是搭配，raw score“原始分”。

C和D也都是“原始的”，但搭配不同，C 用于primitive society，D用于crude oil。

32．The play is so intriguing that the audience quickly identified the actors and actresses.A．by B．for C．with D．on此题考的也是搭配，短语be identified with“与…有同感”。

33．When the chief executive officer was invited to play the piano at the end of the concert, she performed a piece without .A．inspection B．investigation C．manipulation D．rehearsal此题考的是生词。

34．The multi-millionaire has reached the point money no longer makes much difference to him.A．that B．which C．when D．where本题考点是定语从句，只要分析从句中的句子成分，便可以很快找出答案。

这里从句有主语，有完整的谓语，先行词一定是做状语。

point, situation等表示事态、情况、程度等的一些词在用于定语从句时后面的连词要用where或in which。

第七讲：英语写作〔一〕————————————————————————————————————————⏹概况：写作是交大自主招生英语考题最重要的局部，不仅分值高，而且字数要求也高。

⏹小作文是应用文，一般是书信。

⏹大作文一般是议论文，对某种社会现象做出评论，试卷给出提纲，字数不少于250。

⏹难点：⏹应用文要记清楚格式⏹大作文要在有限的时间内写出够字数的文章。

中学生写的作文根本上都在100词左右，要写250词，考生必须好好构思一下，想想怎样才能写长，又防止写一些与题目不相干的东西。

⏹往年试题：书信Sample 1:Suppose you are a newspaper editor and have received the following letter from your reader. Write a reply to him and offer your advice.Dear editor,I’m 18 years old. Like many other university students, I’ve fallen in love with a girl who is in the same department as me. But I have no courage to tell her, because she is younger than me and only treats me as a brother. I am afraid of being laughed at by her roommates, and I am afraid of losing our friendship after telling her the truth. What can I do? Just keep the love in heart?Yours MichaelSample 2:以书信的方式应聘一个动物园的管理员，写出正确的英语信封的收寄件人的函件形式。

第五讲：完形填空授课讲师：常辉————————————————————————————————————————————复旦2006During Washington’s presidency, many important things happened. The first national 39 was completed. The total number of U.S. citizens was then 3,929,214. 40 , the Bill of Rights became law on December 15,1791. These ten laws make sure that Americans will have basic freedoms, 41 freedom of speech and freedom of religion.Washington helped to shape the beginning of the United States in three important ways. First, he commanded the Continental Army that won 42 from Great Britain in the Revolutionary War. Second, he 43 as president of the convention that wrote the United States Constitution. Third, he was the first man44 president of the United States.No other American has been honored 45 than Washington. The nation’s 46 , Washington, D.C., was named for him. The state of Washington is the only state that was named for a president. Many counties, towns, cities, streets, bridges, lakes, parks, and schools have his name today. Washington’s portrait appears on postage stamps, on the one-dollar bill, and on the quarter. His birthday is also a 47 holiday.The people of his day loved Washington very much, His army officers wanted to make him king, but he did not let them. From the time of the Revolution War, his birthday 48 celebrated throughout the country.39．A．census B．prospecting C．counting D．accounting 40．A．After all B．As a result C．First of all D．In addition41．A．for instance B．such as C．despite D．besides 42．A．withdrawal B．secession C．independence D．reliance 43．A．became B．knew C．served D．trained 44．A．devoted B．erected C．selected D．elected45．A．more B．rather C．less D．other46．A．council B．capital C．region D．area47．A．local B．municipal C．federal D．provincial48．A．has been B．was C．is D．had been复旦2007What is the thing called happiness? For centuries, people were too busy pursuing it ___39___ much time analyzing it. Now a pioneering band of researchers has finally bagged the elusive quarry or at least taken its measure. Using such sophisticated new tools ___40___ the five-item Life Satisfaction Scale and the seven-point Delighted-Terrible Scale (On a scale of one to seven, how do you feel about your life?), social psychologists have plumbed the heart of happiness. And their answer to the age-old ___41___ is that it all depends.Happiness, that is, ___42___ what makes you feel happy, which is why psychologists often call it “subjective well-being.” But from studies of various age and population groups in the United States and abroad, they have reached some ___43___ conclusions on the makings of happiness. What comes up ___44___ at the top of the charts is not, as many might expect, success, youth, good looks or any of those ___45___ assets. The clear winner is relationship, close ones, followed by happy marriage. Supportive, intimate connections with other people seem ___46___ important. Using simple survey questions, psychologist David Myers found that the ___47___ happy people are those in unhappy marriages. Happiest are those who married ___48___ their “best friend”.39. A. to spend B. spending C. has spent D. have spent40. A. like B. alike C. as D. for instance41. A. psychology B. mystery C. solution D. trick42. A. result in B. leans against C. depends on D. arrives at43. A. realistic B. idealistic C. objective D. individualistic44. A. endlessly B. contradictorily C. harmoniously D. consistently45. A. enviable B. reliable C. inevitable D. endurable46. A. vastly B. tremendously C. swiftly D. basically47. A. most B. best C. least D. worst48. A. to B. with C. for D. off复旦2008Arguing that pop culture is not dumping us down but making us more intelligent is guaranteed to generate media buzz. In the United States, Everything Bad is Good for You, the new book by the American pop science writer, Steven Johnson, has sparked a flurry of comment, much of it 57( ) his claims about the beneficial effects of watching reality TV and The Sopranos. Much attention has focused more on Johnson's observations that computer games require 58 ( ), forward planning, lateral thinking and sustained problem solving and, as such, offer a cognitive workout that can benefit 59( ) mental development.In the past few years academics, teachers and software developers have experimented with different ways to harness the cognitive 60( ) of games in more directed ways.Gee, author of What Video Games Have to Teach Us About Learning and Literacy,argues that the best games offer a 61( ) learning experience and suggests teachers can learn useful lessons by looking at how games draw players in and 62( ) them to concentrate and tackle complex problems."Academic areas, like biology or history, are themselves like games," Gee says. "Scientists act and interact 63( ) certain identities and values and use knowledge and information to accomplish certain sorts of goals. So learning science should be about learning how to 'play the game' of science." Obviously he is critical 64 ( ) "skill and drill" teaching, which focuses on lists of facts and repetitive testing.57. A. depended on B. centered on C. circulated through D. clustered round58. A. concentration B. determination C. perseverance D. tolerance59. A. complete B. extraordinary C. thorough D. overall60. A. reforms B. innovations C. reproductions D. revision61. A. model B. moral C. morale D. mode62, A. propel B. motivate C. provoke D. compel63. A. on account of B. on the strength of C. in defiance of D. in terms of64. A. with B. of C. at D. in。

上海复旦附中自主招生英语试题（1）选择题：31.They are fed up_______the old routine.A.withB.ofC.atD.on固定搭配：厌倦，厌烦be fed up with32.He is such a(n)_______teacher that has devoted all his and energy to his students.A.conscientiousB.consciousC.academicD.scientific形容词辨析：conscientious认真负责的，本着良心的；conscious有意识的；academic学术的；scientific科技的。

根据题意：他是如此有良知的老师以至于将所有精力花在学生身上。

33.We are looking for someone with a real sense of_______to the job.mitteemitmentmunitymission名词辨析：committee委员会；commitment承诺；community社区，commission委员会。

根据题意：我们在寻找一个对工作有责任感的人。

34.Since you are_______to the seafood,you’d better avoid eating it.A.sensibleB.sentimentalC.sensitiveD.sensory形容词辨析：sensible明智的；sentimental多愁善感的；sensitive敏感的；sensory感官的。

根据题意：由于你对海鲜过敏，你最好不要吃。

35.During the celebration,fireworks have been_______at the bay.A.set outB.set aboutC.set upD.set off动词词组辨析：set out出发，着手于；set about着手于；set up建立；set off出发，（烟花爆竹的）点燃36.There are fewer working hours in the executive jobs,_______the job stress is comparatively higher.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.what定语从句，the job stress is comparatively higher in the executive jobs37.They declared the war,for they believed that country had_______the weapons of mass destruction.A.liberatedB.counteredC.approvedD.proliferated动词辨析：liberate解放；counter反击；approve批准，proliferate激增，根据题意，由于认为那个国家扩散了大规模杀伤性武器，他们宣战了。

复旦、交大自主招生英语应试指导及真题详解-第_8_讲：作文写作技巧与注意事项第七讲：英语写作（二）大作文往年试题：directions: write a composition of no less than 250 words according to the outline given below.Sample 1my View on Playing computer Games1. 有人认为学生打电脑游戏有利于智力开发。

2. 有人认为学生打电脑游戏妨碍学习。

3. 我的观点。

Sample 2：对贫富差距加大现象谈谈看法评分标准Global scoringa. contentb. Language2分:条理不清，思路紊乱，语言支离破碎或大部分句子均有错误，且多数为严重错误。

5分：基本切题。

表达思想不清，连贯性差。

有较多的严重语言错误。

8分：有些地方表达思想不够清楚，文字勉强连贯；语言错误较多，其中有一些严重错误。

11分：切题。

表达思想清楚，文字连贯，但有少量语言错误14分：切题。

表达思想清楚，文字通顺，连贯性较好，基本上没有语言错误，仅有个别小错。

注：白卷，作文与题目毫不相关，或只有几个独立的词而无法表达思想，给0分。

严重错误——语法错误There are many reasons caused the accident.The driver of the car no in.The life is becoming gooder and gooder.That day rain bigly.The man who through the streetThe car which in a fast speed hit him.The car which in a fast speed hit him.I got the place where happened the accident. ————————————————————————————————————————————第1页our city would happen many traffic.写作注意事项1. 审好题，想好再写，不要写了又划掉，也不要写完了发现字数不够有写，这样整篇文章就不联贯了。

第三讲：语法知识补充与四级真题练习授课讲师：常辉————————————————————————————————————————————一、非谓语动词●动词不定式(bare) infinitive●动名词gerund (doing, being done, having done) 动词、名词性●分词：现在分词present participle (doing, being done, having done, having been done) 和过去分词past participle 动词、形容词、副词性1.不定式和动名词做宾语（1）后接二者做宾语的动词a. 没有差别like, love, hate, begin, continue,b. 有差别forget, remember, regret, try, mean,stop（2）只能接一种的动词a. 只能接不定式agree, aim, ask, attempt, decide, determine, demand, desire, expect, intend, manage, order, pretend, promise, wantb. 只能接动名词advise, appreciate, avoid, finish, enjoy, suggest, recommend, admit, consider, mind, resist, give up, put off, keep on, can’t help, require, need, want2. 后接不带to的不定式（1）感官、使役动词see, notice, watch, hear, let, make, feel, look at, listen to, (help) doing or do（2）其他had better, would rather, prefer … rather than, why not.3. 不定式做宾语补足语allow, ask, cause, command, enable, encourage, expect, forbid, invite, oblige, order, permit, request, require, tell, urge, want4. 动名词的复合结构one’s doingDo you mind opening the door?Do you mind my opening the door?I appreciate your coming to see me.5. 分词的差别和选用（1）差别现在分词主动正在进行过去分词被动已经完成（2）选用（首先应用一个简单句只能有一个独立的谓语这一原则）a. 看其与逻辑主语之间的关系b. 意义6. 独立主格结构特点：分词的逻辑主语与主句主语不一致。

复旦、交大自主招生英语应试指导及真题详解-第_2_讲：语法与词汇（往年真题解析）第 2 讲：语法与词汇（往年真题解析）————————————————————————————————————————————第一部分复旦试题2006 31．The score that a student obtains before any adjustment and transformation is called the score.A．bare B．raw C．primitive D．crude此题考的是搭配，raw score“原始分”。

C和D也都是“原始的”，但搭配不同，C 用于primitive society，D用于crude oil。

32．The play is so intriguing that the audience quickly identified the actors and actresses.A．by B．for C．with D．on此题考的也是搭配，短语be identified with“与…有同感”。

33．When the chief executive officer was invited to play the piano at the end of the concert, she performed a piece without .A．inspection B．investigation C．manipulation D．rehearsal此题考的是生词。

34．The multi-millionaire has reached the point money no longer makes much difference to him.A．that B．which C．when D．where本题考点是定语从句，只要分析从句中的句子成分，便可以很快找出答案。

2023年复旦附中自招英语真题(含答案)上海自主招生第一部分：听力理解 (20分)题目1短对话1题目： What is the man's main problem? What is the man's main problem?- A. He forgot to bring his passport.- B. He missed his flight.- C. His luggage got lost.答案： B. He missed his flight. B. He missed his flight.短对话2题目： What did the man think of the movie? What did the man think of the movie?- A. He found it boring.- B. He thought it was amazing.- C. He didn't watch it.答案： B. He thought it was amazing. B. He thought it was amazing.题目2长对话题目： What is the woman worried about? What is the woman worried about?- B. The recent increase in homework.- C. Her lack of sleep.答案： C. Her lack of sleep. C. Her lack of sleep.题目3短文题目： What is the topic of the talk? What is the topic of the talk?- A. Time management tips.- B. The importance of exercise.- C. Ways to stay organized.答案： A. Time management tips. A. Time management tips.第二部分：阅读理解 (40分)题目1短文1题目： What is the main subject of the passage? What is the main subject of the passage?- A. The benefits of traveling.- B. The history of ancient cities.- C. The impact of tourism.答案： A. The benefits of traveling. A. The benefits of traveling.题目2短文2题目： What is the purpose of this advertisement? What is the purpose of this advertisement?- A. To promote a new restaurant.- B. To sell discount tickets.- C. To invite people to a concert.答案： B. To sell discount tickets. B. To sell discount tickets.题目3短文3题目： What does the word "sustainability" mean? What does the word "sustainability" mean?- A. The ability to continue without causing damage.- B. Using resources in a wasteful manner.- C. The state of being easily replaced.答案： A. The ability to continue without causing damage. A. The ability to continue without causing damage.题目4长文题目： What kind of people was the author talking about in the passage? What kind of people was the author talking about in the passage?- A. People who enjoy adventure sports.- B. People who struggle with anxiety.- C. People who work in stressful jobs.答案： B. People who struggle with anxiety. B. People who struggle with anxiety.第三部分：写作 (40分)请根据以下提纲写一篇英语短文，题目自拟。

2009年北京大学自主招生试题(2009-01-03 17:22:16)语文试题一.写出两个成语,要求曲解它的意思(例：度日如年：日子过得很好，每天都像在过年;文不加点：文章不加标点)二.从语法角度分析下列病句错在何处1.我们都有一个家,名字叫中国2.素胚勾勒出青花笔锋浓转淡三.对联博雅塔前人博雅(注：博雅塔是北大校园内一处景物）三.翻译古文(20分)吴人之归有绮其衣者衣数十袭届时而易之而特居于盗乡盗涎而妇弗觉犹日炫其华绣于丛莽之下盗遂杀而取之盗不足论而吾甚怪此妇知绮其衣而不知所以置其身夫使托身于荐绅之家健者门焉严扃深居盗乌得取唯其濒盗居而复炫其装此其所以死耳天下有才之士不犹吴妇之绮其衣乎托非其人则与盗邻盗贪利而耆杀故炫能于乱邦匪有全者杜袭喻繁钦曰子若见能不已非吾徒也钦卒用其言以免于刘表之祸呜呼袭可谓善藏矣钦亦可谓善听矣不尔吾未见其不为吴妇也附原文：书杜袭喻繁钦语后[1]·（清）林纾吴人之归，有绮其衣者[2]，衣数十袭[3]，届时而易之。

而特居于盗乡，盗涎而妇弗觉[4]，犹日炫其华绣于丛莽之下[5]，盗遂杀而取之。

盗不足论，而吾甚怪此妇知绮其衣，而不知所以置其身。

夫使托身于荐绅之家[6]，健者门焉，严扃深居，盗乌得取？唯其濒盗居而复炫其装[7]，此其所以死耳。

天下有才之士，不犹吴妇之绮其衣乎？托非其人，则与盗邻，盗贪利而耆杀[8]，故炫能于乱邦，匪有全者。

杜袭喻繁钦曰：“子若见能不已[9]，非吾徒也。

”钦卒用其言，以免于刘表之祸[10]。

呜呼！袭可谓善藏矣，钦亦可谓善听矣。

不尔，吾未见其不为吴妇也。

四.阅读理解是一篇选自鲁迅《野草》的文章,要求指出很多意像的象征意义求乞者我顺着剥落的高墙走路，踏着松的灰土。

另外有几个人，各自走路。

微风起来，露在墙头的高树的枝条带着还未干枯的叶子在我头上摇动。

微风起来，四面都是灰土。

一个孩子向我求乞，也穿着夹衣，也不见得悲戚，近于儿戏；我烦腻他这追着哀呼。

上海交通大学附属中学2023-2024学年度第一学期高三英语十月月考试卷（满分150分，120分钟完成。

答案请写在答题纸上。

）I.Listening Comprehension(25’)Section ADirections:In Section A,you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation,a question will be asked about what was said.The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answers on your paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A.Go to catch the next train. B.Listen to the traffic report.C.Go to the city by other transportation.D.Check the weekend schedule.2.A.It doesn’t take a long time to get there. B.The lectures have been put off.C.There is no need to hurry.D.The lectures have already started.3.A.The woman should have gone to Paris earlier.B.He studied French in a different way in high school.C.Life in Paris helped improve the woman’s language skills.D.The woman must have had a good teacher in Paris.4.A.She thinks the post office is nearby. B.She is also looking for the post office.C.She thinks the man’s guess is right.D.She doesn’t know where the post office is.5.A.Her coat is similar to the man’s. B.The man needn’t have brought the coat.C.Her sweater is not warm enough.D.The man shouldn’t have worn a sweater.6.A.Make sure the registration office didn’t make a mistake.B.Decide whether to drop the course in the first week.C.Find out if a place opens up in the course later.D.Take the course of the creative writing next year.7.A.He recently spent a month in New York. B.He can recommend many things to do.C.He suggests the woman extend her trip.D.He bets the woman will have fun there.8.A.Disappointed. B.Excited. C.Proud. D.Embarrassed.9.A.He talks less than he used to. B.He hasn’t had time to play tennis recently.C.He shouldn’t have behaved so proudly.D.He has never talked to her after the game.10.A.The man should have had his car inspected earlier.B.There are always a lot of people at the auto inspection center.C.She waited longer than the man did to have her car inspected.D.The auto inspection center will close at the end of the month.Section BDirections:In Section B,you will hear several longer conversation(s)and short passage(s),and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation(s)and the passage(s).The conversation(s)and passage(s)will be read twice,but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions11through13are based on the following passage.11.A.The truck’s over speeding. B.The truck’s heavy load.C.The terrible weather.D.The pedestrians’carelessness.12.A.The relocation of several factories. B.The company’s pay offer.C.The high rate of unemployment.D.The union’s demand.13.A.They will increase by a third this year.B.They have been rising in the last five years.C.The average price of a house in the UK is£255,900.D.They make it extremely difficult for those on the property ladder to buy a house. Questions14through16are based on the following passage.14.A.What causes fearfulness externally. B.Why mice are particularly fearful animals.C.Whether fearfulness is inherited or not.D.How animals react to frightening situations.15.A.They wandered around the box. B.They bred again and again.C.They couldn’t find a hiding place.D.They remained close to one wall.16.A.Some changes in the nervous system. B.The interference from human beings.C.The size of nerve cells in the brain.D.The existence of certain nerve cells. Questions17through20are based on the following conversation.17.A.In the woman’s hometown. B.In the man’s hometown.C.Outside their hometown.D.In a small town.18.A.Choose whichever friend can give the best toast.B.Choose whichever friend can plan the reception.C.Choose whichever friend knows all their in-laws.D.Choose whichever friend knows a lot about weddings.19.A.The bride’s family. B.A wedding planner.C.The groom’s family.D.The new couple.20.A.She doesn’t think it is a tradition.B.She thinks her mother-in-law can plan the wedding well.C.She thinks it will cost too much to have a wedding planner.D.She doesn’t want her wedding to be in the charge of someone unknown to her.II.Grammar and Vocabulary(20’)Section ADirections:After reading the passages below,fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.(A)What is nirvana(涅槃、超脱)for a potato?To be sliced and bathed in boiling oil before ____21____(emerge)as a French fry?To have its weight matched in butter and cream and be transformed into glorious mounds of mash?No.The answer is found in a plastic bag.For a potato,there is no nobler fate than to end up in a packet of Tayto cheese-and-onion crisps.Taytos are the perfect crisps.The company was established in Ireland in1954by Joe Murphy.He was not the inventor of crisps,but he has been credited____22____ transforming them.Until then there was no way to flavour the individual crisps____23____. Instead,each bag came with a small blue packet of salt____24____(shake)over the contents.Murphy started with artificial flavours of cheese and onion.The pairing is a classic,and the flavour combines well with potatoes.“Potatoes,”____25____(write)Seamus Heaney, one of Ireland’s greatest poets,“promise the taste of ground and root”.The ____26____(poetic)might describe them as a bit plain.Sprinkled with the salty umami(鲜味) of Murphy’s seasoning,however,they became a cut-price sensation.Taytos remain the classic Irish crisp,but now they are available elsewhere,____27____, of course,many other brands of flavoured crisps are.That is a mixed blessing.Once upon a time even industrially produced foods had a limited range.To travel was to discover not only the cooking in other places,but the snacks.Going to France was a chance to chug(一饮而尽)a bottle of Orangina,a fizzy drink.For me,Taytos were____28____once-a-year treat, to be eaten on a beach in south-west Ireland shivering after an icy swim or sweating at the top of a mountain.Thanks to a globalised food system and the appetites of homesick migrants,such items are now available far beyond their lands of origin.That shift results in the loss of a modest joy.At first glance a bag of Taytos is the opposite of a seasonal or local food.____29____(enclose)in their silvery plastic,they survive in all seasons and locales.And yet,for me at least,these potato snacks are entangled with their Irish roots.The ingenious seasoning should taste no different____30____I am in a London park or in Murphy’s homeland.But somehow it does.(B)Are you afraid of getting old?____31________31________31____we get past the age of25,many of us immediately feel the urge to stop the signs of ageing—especially the visible ones.Men and women are now using topical“anti-ageing”creams,spa treatments and medical procedures____32____(counter)many of them.____33____these methods can somewhat affect the way you look,ageing is an internal process.A new study has found exactly when during your lifetime this process peaks.A group of scientists based out of the Stanford University School of Medicine have discovered that____34________34____being a smooth,continuous process,ageing surges forward at three distinct stages of life:first,at the age of34,then at age60,and finally at78.The study,published in Nature Medicine,reveals that scientists can not only predict your age by studying the proteome(protein levels in the blood)but also determine which organs are ageing faster than____35________35____,and which age-related diseases your body is more likely to develop.The study measured plasma proteins(血浆蛋白) collected from4,263adults between the ages of18-95years and studied the changes in the proteome that occurred with age.Their ultimate goal was to understand how to identify the changes associated with cardiovascular issues and age-related diseases like Alzheimer's____36________36____ therapeutic treatments can be devised to counter their onset while there's still time.Dr Tony Wyss-Coray,one of the leading members of the study,told Stanford Medicine News Center,“We've known for a long time that____37____(measure)certain proteins can give you information about a person's health status—lipoproteins(脂蛋白)for cardiovascular(心血管的)health,for example.But it____38____(not appreciate)that so many different proteins'levels—roughly a third of all the ones we looked at—change markedly with advancing age.”This difference between the chronological(按时间计算的)and physiological(生理的) age,according to the scientists'“plasma-protein clock”,showed that a lot of people in the study seemed younger than they actually are.What's more,the study also confirmed that men and women,though equally____39____(represent)in the study,age differently.Does this mean medications and lifestyle methods,with further research,can also be devised to help____40____ages too rapidly and is at risk of contracting age-related diseases like hypertension and Alzheimer's?You never know.Section B:Directions:Complete the following passages by using the words in the box.Each word can only beIt launched an independent review of security after items including gold jewellery and gems of semiprecious stones and glass dating from the15th century BC to the19th century AD were found to be missing,stolen or damaged.Legal action against the____41____member of staff will be taken and the matter is also being investigated by the economic crime command of the Metropolitan police.George Osborne,the museum’s chair,said:“The trustees of the British Museum were extremely____42____when we learned earlier this year that items of the collection had been stolen.“The trustees have taken____43____action to deal with the situation,working with the team at the museum.We called in the police,imposed emergency measures to increase security,set up an independent review into what happened and lessons to learn,and used all the____44____powers available to us to deal with the individual we believe to be responsible.“Our priority is now threefold:first,to____45____the stolen items;second,to find out what,if anything,could have been done to stop this;and third,to do whatever it takes,with investment in security and collection records,to make sure this doesn’t happen again.“This incident only reinforces the____46____for the reimagination of the museum we have embarked upon.It’s a sad day for all who love our British Museum,but we’re determined to____47____the wrongs and use the experience to build a stronger museum.”Hartwig Fischer,the museum’s director,said:“This is a highly unusual incident.We take the safeguarding of all the items in our care____48____.The museum apologises for what has happened,but we have now brought an end to this–and we are determined to put things right.We have already tightened our security arrangements and we are working alongside outside experts to complete a definitive____49____of what is missing,damaged and stolen.This will allow us to____50____our efforts into our work to ensure the stolen items are returned to the museum.”III.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.I own a market research company,so I understand the importance of gathering data from your target audience and using that data in order to make product development.I also know that surveys can provide____51____information that's extremely valuable to our clients.But the quality of the data you get as an output from surveys is only as strong as how well you____52____the survey questions.One of the main pitfalls I see teams make is writing leading questions that might get the company results they want to hear,but those results are not always____53____.Below are common ways I've seen companies ask leading questions and how to avoid them:1.Don't make assumptions for your participants.“How well do you think we delivered on your project?”implies your team did a good job.To make it more objective,____54____to ask,“How did we deliver on your project?”It's a subtle change,but the second question takes out the implicit bias.2.Balance the options from which participants can choose.Let's say you want to know the level of satisfaction or dissatisfaction customers have with your product or service.If you ask this in a multiple-choice format,you need to ensure the____55____is balanced for both positive and negative responses.The following options, for example,would not work:•Extremely satisfied•Very satisfied•Satisfied•Somewhat unsatisfied•UnsatisfiedAs a rule of thumb,if you have“extremely”on the positive end,you should have “extremely”on the negative side as well,and give a(n)____56____option in the middle of the scale.3.Don't'lead the witness'(or participant).Again,if you're seeking____57____(and you should have started with knowing why you're conducting the survey in the first place),you don't want to put statements in front of a question that will lead participants to____58____in a certain way.____59____,my company works a lot with educational technology companies.We would never write a question such as this:“Most of the people who use this educational technology product say that the adaptive and personalized nature of the product is better than others on the market.What do you think?”This is because,now,the participant knows exactly what we want them to think.4.Avoid double-barrel questions.Be mindful about including two questions in one and____60____how a participant can respond.Say you ran an event for customers;you wouldn't want to ask,“What do you think about the location and the quality of the speakers?”and then have multiple choice options where they are really only able to respond to one question.They might have loved the venue but hated your presenters.The____61____of the data you gather is compromised when you put questions together.5.Don't write coercive questions.These questions don't sit well.In my experience,they tend to come up more in customer ____62____surveys and employee surveys when you really want to be able to highlight the positives.Examples of coercive questions include:"You'll leave us a positive Google Review,won't you?""You'll tell your friends to visit our restaurant,right?"Naturally,these are full of bias,so they should be avoided____63____.Know what the goals of your survey are.If you want to get data that____64____biases, yes,leading questions can help you get those data points.But the integrity of the data cannot be trusted when you're not writing questions in a(n)____65____way for your participants to answer.51. A.quantitative B.controversial C.mysterious D.proper52. A.craft B.pave C.tempt D.anchor53. A.delightful B.dominant C.accurate D.independent54. A.repeat B.rephrase C.restore D.refresh55. A.portion B.category C.thread D.scale56. A.random rmative C.sacred D.neutral57. A.instinct B.gratitude C.truth D.harmony58. A.reverse B.respond C.deny pete59. A.In addition B.For instance C.After all D.Above all60. A.limiting B.spilling C.inserting D.distracting61. A.integrity B.endurance C.exploitation D.highlight62. A.discrimination B.satisfaction C.transition D.perseverance63. A.on good terms B.by no means C.at all costs D.to some extent64. A.conserves B.entitles C.seals D.includes65. A.isolated B.objective C.selected D.reflectiveSection BDirections:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)In winter,Hammerfest is a thirty-hour ride by bus from Oslo,though why anyone would wantto go there in winter is a question worth considering.It is on the edge of the world,the northernmost town in Europe,a place of dark and fierce winters,where the sun sinks into the Arctic Ocean in November and does not rise again for ten weeks.I wanted to see the Northern Lights...but now as l picked my way through Oslo in late December.I was beginning to have my doubts.Things had not started well.I had overslept at the hotel,missing breakfast,and had to leap into my clothes.I couldn't find a taxi and had to drag my over-weighted bag eight blocks to the central bus station.I had had huge difficulty persuading the staff at the Kreditkassen Bank on Karl Johans Gate to cash sufficient traveller's cheques to pay the1,200-kroner bus fare------they simply could not be made to grasp that the William McGuire Bryson on my passport and the Bill Bryson on my traveller's cheques were both me-and now here l was arriving at the station two minutes before departure...and the girl at the ticket counter was telling me that she had no record of my reservation.'This isn't happening,'I said.'I'm still at home in England enjoying Christmas...'Actually,I said, 'There must be some mistake.Please look again.'The girl studied the passenger list.'No,Mr Bryson,your name is not here.'But I could see it,even upside-down.'There it is,second from the bottom.''No,'the girl decided,'that says Bernt Bjornson.That's a Norwegian name.''It doesn't say Bernt Bjorson.It says Bill Bryson.Look at the y,the two ls.Miss,please,’But she wouldn't have it.'If I miss this bus,when does the next one go?''Next week at the same time.'Oh,splendid.'Miss,believe me,it says Bill Bryson.''No,it doesn't.''Miss,look,I've come from England.I'm carrying some medicine that could save a child's life.' She didn't buy this.'l want to see the manager.''He's in Stavanger.''Listen,I made a reservation by telephone.If I don't get on this bus,I'm going to write a letter to your manager that will cast a shadow over your career prospects for the rest of this century.'This clearly did not alarm her.Then it struck me.'If this Bemt Bjorson doesn't show up,can l have this seat?''Sure.'Why don't I think of these things in the first place...?'Thank you,'I said...66.What can be learned from the passage about Hammerfest?A.It is located in the South of the city of Oslo.B.It is where the Northern Lights can be seen.C.It remains a town without sufficient power supply.D.It remains in the darkness from November till next March.67.The writer got to the station just two minutes before the train's departure because he spent much time_____.A.cashing his traveller's chequesB.finding a place to have breakfastC.waiting for a taxi to send him thereD.choosing suitable clothes to wear68.By“Oh,splendid”,the writer meant that he actually felt_____.A.puzzledB.amazedC.worriedD.relieved69.Why did the writer say he was carrying some medicine and he would write to the manager?A.To tell the girl what he really wanted to do.B.To show the girl how angry he was with her.C.To warn the girl of the potential consequences.D.To persuade the girl to give him a seat on the bus.(B)Care for a zoom-in observation of animals with no bars between you and the observed as opposed to ordinary zoos?Where to have close-up encounters with some of the world’s most rare animals？We are revealing for you：1.Right whales,Bay of Fundy,CanadaNorthern right whales are on the brink of extinction,but survivors arrive in the Bay of Fundy each summer(May through October)to feed east of Grand Manan Island.They are recognized by a broad back and no dorsal fin,which distinguish them from other whales entering the bay.Planning:Whale-watching tours operate out of Digby Neck peninsula on Nova Scotia and nearby islands,such as Brier Island.St.Andrews.Grand Manan Island.and Deer Island.2.Grizzly bears,AlaskaGrizzlies like salmon.In mid-July and again in mid-August,grizzlies make for Alaskan rivers to hook out the fish with their formidable claws.The bears gather in large numbers at rapids and pools,sometimes fighting for the best sites.Brooks Falls in Katmai National Park,and Fish Creek, near Hyder,have viewing platforms.Planning:Most fishing sites are reached by chartered light aircraft and a hike.Hyder is off the Swart-Cassiar Highway.3.Monarch butterflies,Sierra Chincua,MexicoEach fall,millions of North American monarch butterflies migrate thousands of miles to the oyalmel fir forests of the Transvolcanic Mountain Range,in the state of Mchoacdn.They flock intimately(closely)on tree trunks,bushes,and on the ground,fully showing their gregarious natureand occupy Sierra Chincua and four neighbouring hills that make up the Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve.Planning:Chineua is one of two hills in the reserve open to the public from November through March.4.Komodo dragons,Komodo Island,IndonesiaLanding on Komodo,you would feel like stepping back to a time when dinosaurs ruled the Earth,as park maps reported,“Here be dragons!”This mountainous volcanic island is home to the world's largest living lizard---the Komodo dragon.Weighing79to91kg.the Komodo dragon has a tail as long as its body.You can hike to a viewpoint at Banugulung and watch as park rangers feed food to the lizards,some of which are more than10ft(3m)long.Planning:Komodo is reached solely by boat from Bima(on eastern Sumbawa)or Labuan Bajo (on western Flores).5.Wildebeest migration,Serengeti,TanzaniaUndoubtedly the world's most spectacular wildlife sight is the annual wildebeest migration, when1.4million wildebeest and200,000zebras and gazelles are on the move across the Serengeti plains.The animals are trekking to chase the clean water and fresh grass.Along the way,lions and hyenas stalk them,and crocodiles lie in wait.Planning:The herds migrate across Tanzania from December through July,and then pass through the Masai Mara in Kenya in August and September.70.The underlined word gregarious is closest in meaning to________________.A.being able to climbB.preferring group livingC.migrating in small numbersD.moderate in temper71.Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE according to the passage?A.Right whales are distinguished from other whales by unique appearance features.B.Viewing spots for grizzly bears are accessible by air and on foot.C.Komodo Island is located east of Flores and West of SumbawaD.Wildebeest herds travel to pursue favourable food conditions.72.Li Hua is an adventurous visitor longing for closer look at animals.He is taking a gap year and doing voluntary work now in Indonesia.He will go back to China and further his study next fall. Which of the following will be the most reasonable wildlife-watching route after he finishes his voluntary work this winter?A.Alaska→Bay of Fundy→Sierra Chincua→SerengetiB.Serengeti→Alaska→Bay of Fundy→Sierra ChincuaC.Bay of Fundy→Sierra Chincua→Serengeti→AlaskaD.Sierra Chincua→Serengeti→Alaska→Bay of Fundy(C)Many Americans harbor a false and exaggerated view of most of the risks surrounding food. Fergus Clydesdale,head of the department of food science and nutrition at the University of Massachusetts-Amherst,points out that if the dangers from bacterially polluted chicken were as great as some people believe,“the streets would be littered with people lying here and there.”Though the public increasingly demands no-risk food,there is no such thing.Bruce Ames, chairman of the biochemistry department at the University of California,Berkeley,points out that up to10%of a plant’s weight is made up of natural pesticides.Says he:“Since plants do not have jaws or teeth to protect themselves,they employ chemical warfare.”And many naturally produced chemicals,though occurring in tiny amounts,prove in laboratory tests to be strong carcinogens-a substance which can cause cancer.Mushrooms might be banned if they were judged by the same standards that apply to food additives.Declares Christina Stark,a nutritionist at Cornell University:“We’ve got far worse natural chemicals in the food supply than anything man-made.”Yet the issues are not that simple.While Americans have no reason to be terrified to sit down at the dinner table,they have every reason to demand significant improvements in food and water safety.They unconsciously and unwillingly take in too much of too many dangerous chemicals.If food already contains natural carcinogens,it does not make much sense to add dozens of new man-made ones.Though most people are subject to the small amounts of pollutants generally found in food and water,at least a few individuals will probably get cancer one day because of what they eat and drink.To make good food and water supplies even better,the Government needs to tighten its regulatory standards,enhance its inspection program and strengthen its enforcement policies.The food industry should modify some long-accepted practices or turn to less risky alternatives.Perhaps most important,consumers will have to do a better job of learning how to handle and cook food properly.The problems that need to be tackled exist all along the food-supply chain,from fields to processing plants to kitchens.73.What does the author think of the Americans’view of their food?A.They overstate the government’s interference with the food industry.B.They are overoptimistic about the safety of their food.C.They overestimate the risk of the food they eat.D.They overlook the potential danger caused by the food.74.The author considers it impossible to obtain no-risk food because________.A.no food is free from pollution in the environmentB.pesticides are widely used in agricultureC.many vegetables contain dangerous natural chemicalsD.almost all foods have hazardous additives75.By saying“they employ chemical warfare”(Para.2),Bruce Ames means“________”.A.plants produce certain chemicals to resist pests and diseasesB.plants absorb useful chemicals to promote their growthC.farmers use man-made chemicals to dissolve the natural chemicals in plantsD.farmers use chemicals to protect plants against pests and diseases76.What is the message the author wants to convey in the passage?A.Eating and drinking have become more dangerous than before due to additives.B.Sweeping measures must be taken immediately to ensure safety in food industry.C.Healthy food is a distant dream in the modern society,remaining to be realized.D.There is reason for caution but no cause for alarm with regard to food consumption.Section CDirections:Read the following passage.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.They differ in how they space the syllables in a sentence.B.Unlike other languages,English is unusually rich in consonant(辅音)clusters.C.French-speakers are familiar with a U.S.city called yoos-TON,not the English HYOO-ston.D.In“civilisation”the primary and secondary stress is on the4th and1st syllable respectively.E.There is much more to learning a foreign accent than the sounds that the letters on the page represent.F.As with chemistry,the important thing is not just how the elements behave in isolation,but how they cometogether.Why you have an accent in a foreign languageOpen a textbook for a foreign language,the first thing you see is an alphabet,listing the lettersand the sounds they represent.This is obviously crucial for unfamiliar systems,say those of Greek or Russian.But even for languages that rely on the Latin alphabet,the guide will explain how accentmarks change a letter’s pronunciation,and strange features such as the-gl-in Italian.And with that,it’s off to master greetings,vocabulary and so on,with little further thought for pronunciation.This is a shame.____87____To begin with,the rough equivalents given in Englishare often quite rough indeed.In French,the p in Paris sounds rather different from the p in English,a contrast often neglected in textbooks:the French version lacks the strong puff of air of the Englishone.Even when textbooks or instructors mention this sort of difference,the next step is often missing.____88____Each language has rules for these combinations,which native speakers generally grasp but don’t or can’t explain.。