高二英语选修6 模块2 语言点教案

Period 3: Speaking—Telling the story of The Cat ThatVanishedObjectivesTo learn to put written passage into a dialogue●Procedures▇ Retelling the story in your own wordsHello, class. This time we shall try to retell the story we have just read in our own words.A: Have you seen the film called The Cat That vanished?B: No, I haven’t. Tell me about it in English.A: The film begins at one night when there was very little traffic.B: It’s terrible.A: And the road where a man was standing was quiet，with fortable houses，and trees along both sides of the road．B: What is the name of the man?A: He is Will by name.B: How was Will then?A: He was so tired that he could not think clearly but as he stood trying to decide what to do，he saw a cat.B: A cat? What a strange thing to be seen at night!A: She came out of a garden to where Will was standing. Will held out his hand, and the cat came up to him. Then she turned away and went across the road，towards the bushes just past the trees，and there she stopped．B: What about Will? What was he doing?A: Still watching. All of a sudden, Will saw the cat behave strangely.B: how did she behave?■Reading and retelling a fantasy storyYou have done a very good job. Now read another short fantasy story entitled The Price of Power by Benjamin Anible, aged 13, Houghton, Michigan. And then try to retell it in your own words.。

Unit2 PoemsLanguage Points教案一．重点词汇1).convey sth. to sb.向某人传达/运送某物convey sth./sb. to someplace把某物/某人送到某地convey one’s feelings/thanks to sb.向某人表达某种感情/谢意易混辨析convey/transfer/transportconvey基本含义指将物体从一地运送到另一地，或指语言、信息等的传递。

也可表示财产的转让，但该词更强调通过法律手段转让财产或某种所有权。

transfer主要指工作地点的变换、住所及物体的转移，还可指旅途中交通工具的变换，如转车、转船等。

也可指把财产转让给他人。

transport基本含义是运送。

但该词通常局限于用交通工具运输货物和人。

2).take it easy轻松；不紧张；从容take things easy别紧张，慢慢来；从容不迫地进行工作take one’s time不匆忙；别着急；慢慢来take sb. wrong误解（曲解）某人的意思take sth. seriously认真地对待某事Take sth for granted认为......想当然3).run out of用完run out of 意为“用完了”，是及物动词短语，表示主动意义，主语一般是人。

run out=become used up,意为“……用完了”，是不及物动词短语，其主语通常为时间、食物、金钱等名词。

We are running out of our money.=Our money is running out.我们的钱快花光了。

其他有关短语：run short of sth.缺乏，短缺run short不足；短缺give out（为不及物动词短语）用尽；分发；宣布；发出；精疲力竭use up （为及物动词短语）用完，消耗尽4). make up of组成……；构成（常用于被动结构）make up构成，组成；编造；化装make up for sth.弥补be made up of= consist of ...由……构成，组成5). transform v.变成，彻底改变;转换；转化；改造常用结构：transform sb./sth. (from sth. ...）(into sth ...)使……变成……The company is transformed from a family business into one with 5，000 labours. 这家公司已从家族企业变成一家拥有5,000名员工的大公司。

模块六Unit2课文语言点学案(译林牛津版高二英语选修六学案设计)Teaching aims(教学目标):(1) Encourage Ss to raise reading ability by focusing onlanguage points.通过学习语言点增强学生的阅读能力(2) Get Ss to grasp the new language usage in the textby learning them.使学生掌握课文中出现的新的单词词组的用法并能够加以运用Important points & difficult points(重难点):Language usage(语言点用法): search; in case; a bit; while;mean; make+宾语补足语Teaching methods(教学方法):(1) Ss do the exercises by looking at the dictionaries.学生通过查字典自主学习(2) the teacher check the answers.教师点拨,校对答案Teaching aids(教学工具): a blackboard, dictionaries(黑板, 字典)Procedure(教学过程):Step 1 RevisionSay something about happiness.Step 2 Language points (learn and use)1. The search for happiness 找寻快乐search v./n.○1search +宾语搜查(某人或某处), 搜索○2search for…in search of…搜寻;寻找…in one’s search for○3search some place for sth. 在某地搜寻某物Ex:When I enter the classroom, he was D my deskfor something.A. searching forB. lookingC. looking forD. searching【翻译】: 我们在森林中寻找那失踪的男孩We searched the forest for the lost boy.警察搜查他的身体,寻找那丢失的钱包.The police searched him for the lost wallet.2. To others, happiness means achieving success insomething, such as meeting a goal. (p18. line2)对其他人来说，幸福意味着成功，比如达到一个目标。

Unit2 写作课名师教学设计Teaching Procedures 教学过程设计FocusⅠ Rhyming wordsStep1 Lead inAsk the students to listen to the song “Take Me to Your Heart”. After it, ask them the following questions:T: Do you like the song?Ss: Yes.T: Why do you like the song?Ss: The answers can be various. If the students have mentioned that the lyrics are very nice, then the next step can be carried out. If not, tell them the reason still lies in the lyrics.设计说明：用歌曲作为导入，有两个目的:其一，学生喜欢歌曲，能很快地聚集学生的注意力，让学生较快进入课堂；其二，歌词与诗歌有一个共同的特点－－押韵，从而为后面的展开做好铺垫。

Step2 Listen and discover1. Listen to the song again and try to write down the missing words in the song.Take me to your heartHiding from the rain and ________Trying to forget but I won't let _______ Looking at a crowded ________ Listening to my own heart _________ So many people all around the world Tell me where do I find someone like you girl Take me to your heart take me to your ____ Give me your hand before I'm _______2. Ask the students to find out the common characteristics of the words. Then tell them the definition of “Rhyming Words”.If the end of the pronunciations is the same or almost the same, we call these two words “rhyming words”（押韵的词）. They can help songs or poems sound beautiful. Step 3 Enjoy the poem1. Ask them the question and lead them to the poem in the textbook.T: Besides songs, what has rhyming words?Ss: A poem.T: Today we will learn a poem “I’ve Saved the Summer”.2. Ask the students to listen to the record and underline the rhyming words in the poem.设计说明：通过学生熟悉的歌曲，让学生理解押韵的概念，并将此概念运用到本首诗上，同时体会押韵带来的韵律美。

Period 1: Reading—The Cat That Vanished Objectives●To learn about fantasy literature●To learn to read with strategiesFocusProcedures▇Warming up by learning about “fantasy”Hello, class! We have come to Module 2 Fantasy Literature—Philip Pullman. But what is fantasy? Who is Philip Pullman?Fantasy is a genre of art, literature, film, television, and music that uses magic and other supernatural forms as a primary element of either plot, theme, setting, or all three. The genre is generally distinguished from science fiction and horror by overall look, feel, and theme of the individual work, though there is a great deal of overlap between the three (collectively known as speculative fiction). In its broadest sense, fantasy covers works by many writers, artists, and musicians, from ancient myths and legends, to many recent works embraced by a wide audience today.As with other forms of speculative fiction, actions and events in fantasy very often differ fromthose possible in consensus reality. In many cases, especially in older works of fantasy but in many modern works as well, this is explained by means of divine intervention, magic, or other supernatural forces. In other cases, most frequently in works of modern fantasy in the high fantasy subgenre, the story might take place in a fantasy world that is wholly different from our own, complete with distinct laws of nature that permit magic.▇Warming up by learning about “Philip Pullman”Philip Pullman was born in Norwich on 19th October 1946. The early part of his life was spent travelling all over the world, because his father and then his stepfather were both in the Royal Air Force. He spent part of his childhood in Australia, where he first met the wonders of comics, and grew to love Superman and Batman in particular.From the age of 11, he lived in North Wales, havingmoved back to Britain. It was a time when children wereallowed to roam anywhere, to play in the streets, towander over the hills, and he took full advantage of it. His English teacher, Miss Enid Jones, was a big influence on him, and he still sends her copies of his books.After he left school he went to Exeter College, Oxford, to read English. He did a number of odd jobs for a while, and then moved back to Oxford to become a teacher. He taught at various middle schools for twelve years, and then moved to Westminster College, Oxford, to be a part-time lecturer. He taught courses on the Victorian novel and on the folk tale, and also a course examining how words and pictures fit together. He eventually left teaching in order to write full-time.His first published novel was for adults, but he began writing for children when he was a teacher. Some of his novels were based on plays he wrote for his school pupils, such as The Ruby In The Smoke.Philip still lives in Oxford, and he writes in a shed at the bottom of his garden. The shed contains two comfortable chairs (one for writing in, one for sitting at the computer in), several hundred books, a six-foot-long stuffed rat which took a part in his play Sherlock Holmes and the Limehouse Horror, a guitar, a saxophone, as well as the computer, decorated with dozens of brightly coloured artificial flowers attached to it by Blu-Tack.Blu-Tack plays a big part in Philip Pullman's writing process. With it he sticks to the wall pictures,notes, posters, reminders, postcards, book jackets, anything that will stay there.Another product of technology that Philip can't do without is Post-it Notes, the smallest yellow ones in particular. They are very useful for planning the shape of a story: he writes a brief sentence summarising a scene on one of them, and then puts them on a very big piece of paper which he can fill with up to sixty or more different scenes, moving them around to get the best order.Philip Pullman believes firmly in the virtues of healthy exercise and a moderate diet - for other people. It makes them feel virtuous, and makes them feel good if not happy. The most exercise he normally takes is unscrewing the top of the whisky bottle. If he liked the taste of tobacco, he would smoke vigorously. He is fond of sport, and plays it by watching television. He is a big fan of Neighbours, but that is the only soap he watches, as Neighbours gives him quite enough to think about.He is married to Jude. Their son Jamie is a viola player, and their younger son Tom studies music at university.As far as he can tell, Philip Pullman is moderately harmless and useful. He would like to carry on doing what he's doing now, and there seems no reason why he shouldn't, but if it suddenly became against the law to write stories, he would break the law without a second's hesitation.▇Before you readNow let’s go to page 11 to read first His Dark Materials and The Cat That Vanished.But first please go over the word list for this module, paying attention to the pronunciation of the word, the relationship between its pronunciation and its spelling.▇While you readWhile reading try to cut/ the sentences into thought groups, blacken the predicates, underline the useful expressions and darken the connectives.▇After you readCopy all the useful expressions into your Expression Book and make your own sentences with them.■Reading the text again to fill in the necessary informationstood up and looked around for the cat, his guide.■Closing down by reading about “The Cat That Vanished”The Subtle Knife is the second part of the trilogy that beganwith The Golden Compass. That first book was set in a worldlike ours, but different. This book begins in our own world.* * * * *In The Subtle Knife, readers are introduced to Will Parry, a young boy living in modern-day Oxford, England. Will is only twelve years old, but he bears the responsibilities of an adult. Following the disappearance of his explorer-father, John Parry, during an expedition in the North, Will became parent, provider and protector to his frail, confused mother. And it's in protecting her that he becomes a murderer, too: he accidentally kills a man who breaks into their home to steal valuable letters written by John Parry. After placing his mother in the care of a kind friend, Will takes those letters and sets off to discover the truth about his father.Will does indeed make an astonishing discovery, but it's not about his father. Along a busy road, he happens upon an extraordinary window in the air. Almost invisible to the eye, it opens into an entirely different world. Anxious to remain hidden, Will ventures through this window into the shimmering, haunted city of Cittàgazze, where he meets Lyra Belacqua and her dæmon, Pantalaimon, who have also wandered into Cittàgazze from yet another world while searching for the answers behind Dust. Aside from Will and his new companions, this city is eerie, empty and silent. The people have fled to the hills to escape the Specters, phantom-like beings that feed on the consciousness of grown-ups, leaving them zombie-like and void forever after. Only the children, who are safe from the Specters, venture out to scavenge for food.Although safe in Cittàgazze, the two pass through the window to Will's Oxford knowing that answers to their questions lie therein. Will inquires about his father's expedition to the North and learns that it included a study of atmospheric particles. And meanwhile, Lyra seeks out a scholar who can tell her more about Dust. The scholar Lyra finds is a certain scientist named Dr. Mary Malone, a member of the Dark Matter Research Unit, who has discovered the existence of。

高二英语第六模块Unit 2 教学案●Task Writing a website article to give adviceSkills building 1: identifying negative emotional languageIn this part, we’ll learn what words, phrases or structures are used to express negative emotions. These words will help discuss the problems.1. Read the guidelines to know what negative emotions are.Example words: hopeless, unhappy, disappointed, sad, regretful and lonely.2. Make some sentences using the structures given on page 26.I felt like crying when I knew I would never see my grandma again.Failing my Maths test again made me feel rather depressed. I want to have a talk with my Maths teacher.He left school under a black cloud after causing a serious accident.Since her husband got ill, she seemed very down in the dumps.Step 1: identifying problemsThis part is designed to help develop your reading and listening skills. First read a letter and find the problem described in it according to what you have learnt in Skills building 1. Then complete the notes after listening to a student talk about his problems and suggest some good solutions.1. Read the letter in Part A on page 26 and underline the negative language used to describe theproblem in the letter.2. Go over Part B on page 27 to find out what you should do next. Then listen to the recording andfinish the notes in this part. Check answers with the class.3. Go over Part C, then listen to the recording and complete this part.Skills building 2: breaking a big question into smaller onesIn this part, we will learn how to break a big question into smaller ones.1 I’ll write a question on the blackboard. Do you know how to answer it?How can I improve my grades?It is difficult for us to simply answer the question with one or two sentences because it is too big.2 Go over the guidelines in this part. Then read the big question and smaller questions given inthis part as an example.3. Work into groups of four to divide the question on the blackboard into a few smaller questions.Sample questions:What subjects do you find hard and need to improve on?What is your problem in these subjects?Is that because you have not spent enough time on them?What have you done to improve on these subjects? Did you use good study methods in these subjects?What are your short-term and long-term goals in these subjects? Have you set proper goals?I want all of you participate in the discussion. All possible answers are welcome.Step 2: discussing solutionsThis part is designed to help use what you’ve learnt in S kills building 2 to practise asking questions and discussing solutions.1. Work in pairs to discuss Ma Jie's problems. Try to divide the big question 'What do you think of Ma Jie's problem?' into smaller ones.Sample conversation--- You know Ma Jie is my good friend. Recently he has been worried a lot. I want to help him solve his problem. What do you think I should do?---OK. Let's see what we can do to help him, but first let's make things less complicatedWe'd better divide the big question into some smaller ones. Tell me what his problem is.2. Write down the smaller questions in speech bubble3.Work in pairs to make up a dialogue with the help of speech bubble 2 and speech bubble 3. Then two or three pairs are required to present your dialogues to the whole class.Skills building 3: giving adviceIn this part, you will read some guidelines of how to make advice clearer and more helpfulto people who need it.Read the three points and put on the blackboard the following table to help the students understand the guidelines.Step 3: writing an articleIn this part, you’ll write an article about how Ma Jie solved his problem with the help of his parents, teachers and coach.1 Read the guidelines in this part to find out what to do.·Ma Jie's problems·the possible solutions Ma Jie has thought of and the reasons why they didn't work·the advice you gave to Ma Jie·the advice his parents, teachers and coach gave him and why it works·your opinion about the best way to solve problems that students have2. Work in groups of four to write the article. Each member of the group writes one part. After each of you has finished your part, your group should put the four parts together to form the article and present it to the whole class.3. Homework: write a passage according the guidelines in Part B on page 115 in workbook.一、根据所给的首字母、中文意思或句子意思完成句子1. I am fed up with my current job, so I q_______.2. The city's water supply is no longer a__________ for its needs.3. The government has ________ (拨出) over £100 million to the job creationprogramme.4. She is good at French, so I ask her to c______ me in French.5. We have a__________ with them to meet at the restaurant.6. The little girl was very c________ by all the noise and activity.7. I have many beautiful post cards; choose w________ of them you like best.8. Soldiers are expected to o______ their officers without question.二、选用所给词或短语的正确形式填空be tired of believe in quit feel worried aboutbe caught between---- look at spend attempt1. We _____ a pleasant hour or two talking with our friends.2. The company ______________ the need to invest more money and the need to keepcosts as low as possible.3. If you want to protect your lung, you'd better ____________ (smoke) right away.4. He always tells me such a story, and I _______________ it.5. I don't ___________ all these so-called health foods.6. The prisoners ____________ escape but failed.7. We must ____________ the question from all sides in order to have a better idea of it.8. When the exam is coming, many students are ______________ it.三、完形填空In 1956 Phoenix, Arizona, was a city with boundless blue skies. One day as I walked around the house with my sister Kathy’s new parakee t （小鹦鹉）on my finger, I wanted to show Perky 1 the sky looked like. Maybe he could make a little bird 2 out there. I took him into the backyard, and then, to my 3 , Perky flew off. The enormous（巨大的）, blue sky swallowed up my sister’s blue 4 and suddenly he had gone , clipped wings and all.Kathy managed to 5 me. With fake optimism（乐观）, she even tried to reassure （安慰）me that Perky would find a new 6 . But I was far too clever to 7 that such a thing was possible.Decades later, I watched my own 8 growing. We shared their activities, spending soccer Saturdays in folding chairs with the 9 of the kids’ friends, the Kissells. The two families went camping around Arizona together. We became the 10 of friends.One evening, the game was to tell Great Pet stories. One person claimed（宣称）to 11 the oldest living goldfish. Someone else had a psychic dog. 12 Barry, the father of the other family, took the floor and 13 that the Greatest Pet of All Time was his blue parakeet, Sweetie Pie."The best thing 14 Sweetie Pie," he said, "was the 15 we got him. One day, whenI was about eight, out of the clear, blue sky, a little blue parakeet just 16 down andlanded on my finger."When I was finally able to 17 , we examined the amazing evidence（证据）. The dates and the locations and the pictures of the bird all 18 . It seems our two familieshad been 19 long before we ever met. Forty years later, I ran to my sister and said, "You were 20 ! Perky lived!"1. A. what B. how C. which D. where2. A. food B. nest C. friend D. family3. A. joy B. horror C. disappointment D. satisfaction4. A. pleasure B. sadness C. treasure D. sense5. A. forgive B. comfort C. help D. delight6. A. parent B. home C. master D. life7. A. imagine B. suppose C. doubt D. believe8. A. birds B. happiness C. worries D. children9. A. parents B. birds C. interests D. games10. A. first B. best C. last D. happiest11. A. catch B. find C. buy D. have12. A. Suddenly B. Fortunately C. Then D. However13. A. announced B. said C. told D. hoped14. A. in B. about C. of D. on15. A. day B. place C. way D. story16. A. floated B. dived C. settled D. went17. A. think B. speak C. interrupt D. explain18. A. came up B. turned up C. turned out D. matched up19. A. known B. fastened C. connected D. introduced20. A. right B. wrong C. silly D. mad四、书面表达假如你是南京某中学学生李华。

Unit2 PoemsLanguage Points教案教学内容分析The emphasis of this period will be placed on the important new words，phrases and sentence patterns in Warming Up,Pre－reading，Reading，Comprehending and Discovering useful words and expressions in Learning about Language。

There are altogether 50 new words and phrases in these five parts.22 of them are marked with triangles，which shows that the students needn't learn them by heart。

It is enough to recognize them when meeting them while reading the passage。

The other 28 should all be remembered，among which the following 8 words and expressions are even more important：concrete,take it easy,in particular，flexible，eventually，transform，run out of，be made up of。

They are all very useful and important.So are the sentence patter ns “Some poems tell a story or describe something in a way that will give the reader a strong impression.",“Some rhyme（like B） while others do not(like C)．” and “Another simple form of poem that students can easily write is the cinquain，a poem made up of f ive lines.” We ought to pay more attention to them。

高二年级英语选修六第二单元学案---语言点Language Points【目标解读】通过仔细阅读提炼重要知识点，训练发现问题能力，通过学习体验熟练掌握文中重点单词（convey, flexible, eventually, appropriate, exchange, transform ）禾口短语（make sense, take it easy, run out of, in particular,），并了解类似（reasons , why ）等重要句型的表达法。

过程方法：自主学习、小组讨论、合作探究，分组展示，巩固训练。

【自主学习语言点】一.【原句重现】Others try to convey certain emotions. （P10 L2）［典例］①（牛津P438） Colours like red convey a sense of energy and strength.②（牛津P438）Please convey my apologies to_ your wife.③The survivors from Sichua n Earthquake have bee n con veyed to safe places.［即时操练］1. Premier Wen Jiabao conveyed his sorrow for the dead and ordered then ecessities should be con veyed immediately to the earthquake-hit areas.翻译： ______________________________________________________________________2. 作为老师，他确切地知道怎样向学生表达他的想法。

As a teacher ，he knows exactly _____________________________________________ the stude nts.3. 我觉得难以用言语表达我的感情。

Module 2 Fantasy Literature—Philip PullmanGrammar—Adverbial clauses with –ing (1)GoalsTo learn to understand and use adverbial clauses with –ing (1)●Procedures▇ Learning about adverbial clauses with –ingAdverbial clauses with –ing can be used either independently or after a word such as on, before, after and while.Look at the following examples containing adverbial clauses with –ing and make similar sentences.▲Feeling hungry, he went into the kitchen and opened the fridge.(= because he felt hungry...)▲Being poor, he didn't spend much on clothes.▲Knowing that his mother was coming, he cleaned the flat.▲Looking out of the window, I saw some students playing there.▲Not having received his letter for long, she felt a little worried.▲Being treated, the injured cried all the time.▲Mounting(骑上) his horse, the bandit(土匪) rode off.▲David was lying in bed crying.▲We walked along the banks singing merrily.▲Having written the letter, I went out to post it.▲Having already seen the film twice, she didn't want to go to the cinema.▲Having been invited to speak, I'll start making preparations tomorrow.▲He did poorly in his examinations, considering how hard he had studied for them.▲Generally speaking, boys are more interested in such activities that girls are not interested in.▲Allowing for the deficiencies(不足), the show is a success.▲Being a student, she likes to help others.▲Wearing a new pair of glasses, she can read easily.▲Not knowing what to do next, she stopped to wait.▲Not having finished the homework, the pupil doesn't dare to go to school.▲Being sick, I stayed at home.▲Realizing that she couldn’t move the heavy box, she asked me to help her.▲Looking out of the window, I saw some students playing there.▲Having done my shopping, I returned home.▲Being League members, we are ready to help others.▲Not knowing his address, I can’t write to him.▲Not having received his letter for long, she felt a little worried.▲Working hard, you’ll surely succeed.▲On seeing the man, the woman at once falls in love with him.▲Before going to school in the morning, he called his father on the phone.▲While lying by a river, Xiao Li saw a strange bird.▲After reading the article, he decided not to buy the house.■Making sentences containing adverbial clauses with –ingNext you are going to turn sentences from the text The Cat That V anished into sentences containing adverbial clauses with –ing.The Cat That vanished1.Standing quiet，Will could not think clearly.2.Trying to decide what to do，he saw a cat．ing out of a garden, Will put down his shopping bag.4.Holding out its hand, the cat came up to the tiger.5.Before turning away he went across the road.6.Stopping there, still watching，Will saw the cat behave strangely.7.Putting out a paw to pat something in the air in front of her，the cat turned invisible to all thepeople.8.While leaping back，the cat held up her tail.9.Not knowing about the cat behaviour Will watched more carefully.10.After approaching the place again, Will found it was just an empty patch of grass between thetrees and the bushes.11.Patting the air once more, she leapt back，but less far and with less fear this time．12.After stepping forward，the cat became vanished again.13.Blinking, he stood still，close to the nearest tree.14.Passing by a lake, the car suddenly ran into a truck.15.Keeping her eyes on him, the girl climbed through the hole in the walls.■Doing a quiz on adverbial clauses with –ing①（2003北京）________ time , he’ll make a first—class tennis player.A. Having givenB. To giveC. GivingD. Given②（2000上海）_________ in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the in the United States.A. Being foundedB. It was foundedC. FoundedD. Founding③_______a reply, he decided to write again. ( 92 )A. Not receivingB. Receiving notC. Not having receivedD. Having not received④―We can’ go out in this weather,‖said Bob , ____ out of the window.( 04 四川吉林)A. lookingB. to lookC. lookedD. having looked⑤（NMET1996）______ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.A. LostB. Being lostC. To loseD. To be lost⑥（2003北京春）Mr. Smith, _____of the _____speech, started to read a novel.A. tired; boringB. tiring; boredC. tired; boredD. tiring; boring⑦(2004上海春）After his journey from abroad, Richard Jones returned home, ____.A. exhaustingB. exhaustedC. being exhaustedD. having exhausted⑧(NMET 2002) The research is so designed that once _______ nothing can be done to change it.A. beginsB. having begunC. beginningD. begun⑨（上海1998）If _______ the same treatment again , he is sure to get well.A. givingB. giveC. givenD. being given⑩(2003上海春) Unless ______ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference.A. invitedB. invitingC. being invitedD. having invited(keys: 1-5:DCCAA;6-10:ABDCA)。