职称英语考试《综合类》每日一练精选及答案0524-1

职称英语考试《综合类》每日一练精选及答案0524-1391、Woman workThough some people have suggested that women should return to housework in order to leave more jobs for men, the idea has been rejected by both women and men in public opinion polls. Lately some union officials have suggested that too many women are employed in types of work more suitable for men and that women should step aside to make way for unemployed young men. They argue that women, especially women in their childbearing years,actually delay economic development and result in productivity, poor quality and inefficiency.To solve the problem, they suggested that working women stay at home while their husbands or brothers were given double wages. They argue that under these circumstances, families would remain their same level of income, and women could run the house and raise children much better,The suggestion, however , has been flatly rejected by 9 0ut of10 people polled .Some other people have suggested another way called "phased employment" theory. The theory suggests that a woman worker take leave from her job when she is seven months pregnant and stay off the job until her baby reaches the age of 3. It suggested that women on leave receive 75 percent of their normal salary and be allowed to return to work after the three-year period. This will ____ children, women, their families and the society and it definitely seems to be more acceptable than the suggestion that women return to their homes forever.【单选题】A.profitB.interestC.serveD.benefit正确答案:D答案解析:benefit:对……有好处；profit、interest是名词，不能用在这里。

职称英语考试《综合类》每日一练精选及答案0524-1511、RobotsThe most sophisticated (先进的) Japanese robots, which have vision systems and work at very high speeds, are still based on American designs. Studies of robots, particularly computer control software, are considered to be generally less advanced in Japan than in America or Europe.Although industrial robots were originally developed as devices for simply handling objects, today their commonest uses are for more skilled work like welding (焊接), spray-painting and assembling components.In Britain robot sales appropriately peaked in 1984, but have been declining ever since. This is partly because British wage rates are too low to make robots financially attractive and partly because engineers now have more experience with robots and are more aware of the difficulties of introducing them effectively.It has been calculated that a robot uses on average about 100times more energy than a human to do an equivalent job.It is estimated that 20% of all comic book heroes in Japan are robots. This is an enormous number because comics are so popular that they make up a third of all material published in Japan.The reliability of robots is measured in their MTBF or mean time between failures. This has risen from about 250 hours in the mid-1970s to about 10,000 hours today (equivalent to working 18 hours a day for two years). One way robot manufacturers have increased reliability is to test every single component they buy, instead of the normal procedure of just testing a small .sample.The biggest single benefit of introducing robots claimed by Japanese companies is that they increase quality control. One programmed robots can work more accurately and consistently than humans, who can get tired and bored.Paragraph 5 ________.【单选题】A.Ongoing ResearchB.Extension of UseC.Robot HeroesD.Greater ReliabilityE.Falling DemandF.Hidden Danger正确答案:C答案解析:第五段共两句话，其中主题句是第一句：It is estimated that 20% of all comic book heroes in Japan are robots.（据估计，日本20%的漫画书的主人公是机器人。

职称英语考试《综合类》每日一练精选及答案0524-1071、Fighting for a Brighter Future for WomenWhen I was asked what it means to be a woman running for president, I always gave the same answer that I was proud to be running as a woman, but I was running because thought I'd be the best president.But I am a woman and, like millions of women, I know there are still barriers and biases (偏见) out there, often unconscious, and I want to build an America that respects and embraces the potential of every last one of us.I ran as a daughter who benefited from opportunities my mother never dreamed of. I ran as a mother who worried about my daughter's future and a mother who wants to leave all children brighter tomorrows.To build that future I see, we must make sure that women and men understand the struggles of their grandmothers and their mothers, and that women enjoy equal opportunities, equal pay, and equal respect.Let us resolve and work toward achieving very simple propositions (命题): there are no acceptable limits, and there are no acceptable prejudices in the 21 st century in our country. You can also be so proud of it, from now on, it will be unremarkable for a woman to win primary state victories, unremarkable to let a woman in a close race to be our nominee (被提名者), unremarkable to think that a woman can be the president of the United States. And this is truly remarkable my friends.We are disappointed that we couldn't go all of the way, especially the young people who put so much into this campaign. It would break my heart if, in falling short of my goal, I in any way discouraged any of you from pursuing yours.We always aim high, work hard, and care deeply about what you believe in. And when you stumble (绰倒), keep faith. And, when you're knocked down, get right back up and never listen to anyone who says you can't or shouldn't go on.As we gather here today in this historic, magnificent building, the 50th woman will leave the Earth and orbit (绕轨道运行) overhead. If we can blast 50 women into space, we will someday launch a woman into the White House.Hillary Clinton will no longer run for president.【单选题】A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned正确答案:B答案解析:本题难度较大，考生需要认真阅读文章，找到答案依据。

职称英语考试《综合类》每日一练精选及答案0524-1301、What Is the Coolest Gas in the Universe?What is the coldest air temperature ever recorded on the Earth? Where was this low temperature recorded? The coldest recorded temperature on Earth was -91℃which _____ in Antarctica in 1983.We encounter an interesting situation when we discuss temperatures in space Temperatures in Earth orbit actually range from about +120℃to -120℃. The temperature depends upon whether you are in direct sunlight or shade, Obviously, -120℃is colder than our body can safely endure. Thank NASA science for well-designed space suits that protect astronauts from these temperature extremes.The space temperatures just discussed affect only our area of the solar system . Obviously, it is hotter closer to the Sun and colder as we travel away from the Sun. Astronomers estimate temperatures at Pluto are about -210℃. How cold is the lowestestimated temperature in the entire universe? Again, it depends upon your location. We are taught it is supposedly impossible to have a temperature below absolute zero, which is -273℃, at which atoms do not move. Two scientists, whose names are Cornell and Wieman, have successfully cooled down a gas temperature barely above absolute zero. They won a Nobel Prize in Physics in 2001 for their work not a discovery in this car.Why is the two scientists' work so important to science?In the 1920s, Satyendra Nath Bose was studying an interesting theory about particles we now call photons. Bose had trouble convincing Other scientists to believe so he contacted Albert Einstein. Einstein's calculations helped him theorize would behave as Bose thought but only at very cold temperatures. Scientists have also discovered that ultra-cold atoms can help them make the world's atomic clocks even more accurate. These clocks are so accurate today they would only lose one second every six million years! Such accuracy will help us travel in space because distance is velocity times time(d=vxt). With the long distances involved in space travel to know time as accurately as possible to get accurate distance.【单选题】A.openedB.occurredC.opposed'D.operated正确答案:B答案解析:本段叙述地球上记录到的最低温度是-91℃，本段最后一句的后半句显然是交代这一最低温度是在南极洲出现的，所以occurred（发生、出现）是正确的选择。

职称英语考试《综合类》每日一练精选及答案0524-1111、A Strong Greenhouse Gas1 Methane is a colorless, odorless gas; it is also a potent greenhouse gas, and once released into the atmospheres, it absorbs beat radiating from Earth's surface. That's why methane is a major contributor to the planet's increasing temperature rise or global warming. Molecule for molecule, methane's heat-trapping power in the atmosphere is 21 times stronger than carbon dioxide, the most abundant greenhouse gas.2 With 13 billion cows belching almost constantly around the world (100 million in the U. S. alone), it's no surprise that menace released by livestock is one of the chief sources of the gas. Other prime methane sources: petroleum, drilling, coal mining, solid-waste landfills and wetlands.3 Greenhouse gases like methane and carbon dioxide make up only a small part of Earth's atmosphere, which is 78 percent nitrogen and nearly 21 percent oxygen. And withoutgreenhouse gases to trap the sun's heat and warm the planet, life as we know it couldn't exist. But in the last200 years, human activity that requires burning oil, natural gas, and coal for energy has magnified the greenhouse effect.4 Atmospheric concentrations of methane have more than doubled in the last two centuries. Blame for this often focuses on big industries and gas-guzzling vehicles. But agriculture plays a major role, too. In the past 40 years alone, the global cattle population has doubled.5 Cows munch mostly grasses and hay yet they grow big and hefty. Why? Because of the rumen. The rumen holds 160 liters of food and billions of microbes. These microscopic bacteria and protozoa break down cellulose and Fiber into digestible nutrients. A cow couldn't live without its microbes. As the microbes digest cellulose, trey release methane. The process occurs in all animals with a rumen (cows, sheep, and goats, for example), and it makes them very gassy. It's part of their normal digestion process. When they drew their cud, they regurgitate some food to rechew it, and all this gas comes out. The average cow expels 600 liters of methane a day.That's why we say livestock gas is also a major factor of causing the global warming.Paragraph 4 ____【单选题】A.Life of Macroscopic Bacteria in Livestock's RumenB.Ways to Reduce Methane's Heat-trapping PowerC.Agriculture Also Contributes to Increased Concentrations of Methane in the AtmosphereD.Why Livestock Releases MethaneE.Methane as a Strong Greenhouse GasF.Livestock as a Prime Factor of the Greenhouse Effect正确答案:C答案解析:本段表达的重点是用but转折的最后两句。

职称英语考试《综合类》每日一练精选及答案0524-1591、A Glass of MilkOne day, a poor boy who was trying to pay his way through school by selling goods door to door found that he only had one dime left. He was hungry so he decided to beg for a meal at the next house.However, he lost his nerve when a lovely young woman opened the door. Instead of a meal he asked for a drink of water. She thought he looked hungry so she brought him a large glass of milk. He drank it slowly, and then asked, "How much do I owe you?""You don＇t owe me anything," she replied. "Mother has taught me never to accept pay for a kindness," he said, "Then I thank you from the bottom of my heart. " As Howard Kelly left that house, he not only felt stronger physically, but also increased his faith in God and the human race. He was about to give up and quit before this point.Years later the young woman became critically ill. The localdoctors were baffled. They finally sent her to the big city, where specialists can be called in to study her rare disease. Dr. Howard Kelly, now famous was called in for the consultation. When he heard the name of the town she came from, a strange light filled his eyes. Immediately, he rose and went down through the hospital hall into her room.Dressed in his doctor＇s gown he went in to see her. He recognized her at once. He went back to the consultation room and determined to do his best to save her life. From that day on, he gave special attention to her case.After a long struggle, the battle was won. Dr. Kelly requested the business office to pass the final bill to him for approval. He looked at it and then wrote something on the side. The bill was sent to her room. She was afraid to open it because she was positive that it would take the rest of her life to pay it off. Finally she looked, and the note on the side of the bill caught her attention. She read these words. . ."Paid in full with a glass of milk," signed Dr. Howard KellyTears of joy flooded her eyes as she prayed silently: "Thank You, God. Your love has spread through human hearts and hands. "It was the boy who saved the young woman＇s life.【单选题】A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned正确答案:A答案解析:文章的最后写到：他治好了她的病，而且为她付了帐单，上帝的爱被传递下去了，因此该题的表述是对的。

职称英语考试《综合类》每日一练精选及答案0524-1361、Continuing Education1 People around the world agree that education is not an end, but a means to an end. In other words, we do not educate students only for the aim of educating them. Our purpose is to fit them for life. Life is varied; so is education.2 Ideas about education are more specified in the United States. Education today is not just a high school diploma or a college degree. Many adults are not interested in going to college. They are interested in other kinds of learning. For them, learning does not end with a diploma.3 Continuing education gives these adults the opportunity to increase their knowledge about their own field or to learn about a new field. It also gives them a chance to improve their old skills or to learn new ones. Scientists, mechanics, secretaries, barbers and cooks can take classes to improve their work skills. If they know more or learn more, they can get a better job or earn more money.4 Continuing education classes give more adults the chance to learn new skills. There is usually a large variety of classes to choose from: typing, foreign cooking, photography, auto repair, furniture repair, or swimming. There are only some of the classes available.5 Some adults take classes for fun or because the class will be useful for them. Other adults take continuing education classes to improve their own lives because they want to feel better about themselves.6 Almost any community college or public school system has a continuing education program. There are classes in schools, community buildings or churches. Most classes are in the evenings, so working people can attend. The classes are usually small, and they are inexpensive.The best title for the passage would be ____【单选题】A.adults should go on learning after graduating from schoolB.to enlarge their knowledge and learn new skillsC.by community colleges and public schoolsD.only for working peopleE.Continuing Education ClassesF.The Importance of a College Degree正确答案:E答案解析:文章先提了全世界人民对教育的看法，接下来讲了美国人对教育的理解。

职称英语《综合类》练习题及答案Transport is one of the aids to trade.By moving goods from places where they are plentiful to places where they are scarce,transport adds to their value.The more easily goods can be brought over the distance that separates producer and consumer,the better for trade.When there were no railways,no good roads,no canals,and only small sailing ships,trade was on a small scale.The great advances made in transport during the last two hundred years were aompanied by a big increase in trade.Bigger and faster ships enabled a trade in meat to develop between Britain and New Zealand,forinstance.Quicker transport makes possible mass-production and big business,drawing supplies from,and selling goods to,all parts of the globe.Big factories could not exist without transport to carry the large number of workers they need to and from their homes.Big city stores could not have developed unless customers could travel easily from the suburbs and goods delivered to their homes.Big cities could not survive unless food could be brought from a distance.Transport also prevents waste.Much of the fish landed at the ports would be wasted if it could not be taken quickly to inland towns.Transport has given us a much greater variety of foods and goods since we no longer have to live on what is produced locally.Foods which at one timecould be obtained only during a part of the year can now be obtained all through the year.Transport has raised the standard of living.By moving fuel,raw materials,and even power,as,for example,through electric cables,transport has led to the establishment of industries and trade in areas where they would have been impossible before.Districts and countries can concentrate on making things which they can do better and more cheaply than others and can then exchange them with one another.The cheaper and quicker transport bees,the longer the distance over which goods can profitably be carried.Countries with poor transport have a lower standard of living.Commerce requires not only the moving of goods and people but also the carrying of messages andinformation.Means of munication,like telephones,cables and radio,send information about prices,supplies,and changing conditions in different parts of the world.In thisway,advanced munication systems also help to develop trade.练习：1.Paragraph 22.Paragraph 33.Paragraph 44.Paragraph 5A.Higher living standardB.Importance of transport in tradeC.Various means of transportD.Birth of transport-related industries and tradeE.Role of information in tradeF.Public transportation5.The development of modern means of transport .6.Only when goods can be carried to all parts of the world quickly .7.Transport has made it possible for people to eat whatever food they want .8.In the trade of modern society the transmission of information plays as important a role as .A.to send goods to various parts of the worldB.at any time during the yearC.has greatly promoted tradeD.is it possible to produce on a large scaleE.the transport of goodsF.it is possible to produce on a large scale答案：BADECDBE。

职称英语考试《综合类》每日一练精选及答案0524-1171、Why Would They Falsely Confess?Why on earth would an innocent person falsely confess to committing a crime? To most people, it just doesn't seem logical. But it is logical, say experts, if you understand what can happen in a police interrogation room.Under the right conditions, people's minds are susceptible to influence, and the pressure put on suspects during police grillings is enormous. In her experiment, participants were seated at computers and told not to hit the "alt" key, because doing so would crash the systems."The pressure is important to understand, because otherwise it's impossible to understand why someone would say he did something he didn't do. The answer is: to put an end to an uncomfortable situation that will continue until he does confess. "Developmental psychologist Allison Redlich recently conducted a laboratory study to determine how likely people are to confess to things they didn't do. ______ The researchers thenintentionally crashed the computers and accused the participants of hitting the "alt" key to see if they would sign a statement falsely taking responsibility.Redlich's findings clearly demonstrate how easy it can be to get people to falsely confess: 59 percent of the young adults in the experiment immediately confessed. Redlich also found that the younger the participant, the more likely a false confession. Of the 15-to 16-year-olds, 72 percent signed confessions, as did 78 percent of the 12-to 13-year-olds."There's no question that young people are more at risk," says Saul Kassin, a psychology professor at Williams College, who has done similar studies with similar results. "But adults are highly vulnerable too. "Both Kassin and Redlich note that the entire "interrogation" in their experiments consisted of a simple accusation-not hours of aggressive questioning-and still, most participants falsely confessed.Because of the stress of a police interrogation, they conclude, suspects can become convinced that falsely confessing is the easiest way out of a bad situation. "In some ways," says Kassin, "false confession becomes a rational decision. "【单选题】A.In her experiment, participants were seated at computers and told not to hit the "alt" key, because doing so would crash the systems.B."In some ways," says Kassin, "false confession becomes a rational decision. "C."It's a little like somebody's working on them with a dental drill," says Franklin Zimring, a law professor at the University of California at Berkeley.D."But adults are highly vulnerable too. "E.How could an innocent person admit to doing something he didn't do?F.Redlich also found that the younger the participant, the more likely a false confession.正确答案:A答案解析:本段提到一个心理学家做了一个实验(a laboratory study)，也提到了crashed the computers和the“alt”key，这些都和选项A的内容对应了起来。

职称英语考试《综合类》每日一练精选及答案0524-1001、An Early Form of Jazz MusicMusic comes in many forms; most countries have a style of their own. At the turn of the last century, when jazz was born, America had no prominent music 0f its own. No one knows exactly when was invented or by whom. But it began to be heard in the early 1890s. Jazz is America's contribution to popular music. In contrast to classical music, which ____ formal European traditions, jazz is spontaneous and free in form. It bubbles with energy, expressing the moods, interests, and emotions of the people. In the 1920s' jazz sounded like America. And so it does today. The origins 0f the music are as interesting as the music itself. American Negroes, or blacks, as they are called today, were the jazz pioneers. They were brought to the Southern states as slaves. They were sold to plantation owners and forced to work long hours. When a Negro died, his friends and relatives formed a procession to carry to body to the cemetery. In New Orleans, a band often accompanied the body . On the way to the cemetery the band played slow, solemnmusic, suited to the occasion. Furthermore 0n the way home the mood changed. Spirits lifted. Death had removed one of their numbers, but the living were glad to be alive . The band played happy music, improvising on both the harmony and the melody of the tunes played at the funeral. This music made everyone want to dance. It was an early form ofjazz.【单选题】A.introducesB.followsC.takesD.approaches正确答案:B答案解析:古典音乐发端于欧洲，所以它遵循的是欧洲传统。

职称英语考试《综合类》每日一练精选及答案0524-1011、Practically all animals communicate either through sounds or through soundless codes.【单选题】A.CertainlyB.ProbablyC.AlmostD.Absolutely正确答案:C答案解析:差不多所有动物都能或通过声音或通过无声的方式进行交流。

本题有一定难度，虽然选项都是常用副词，但干扰项干扰较大。

practically和almost都有“几乎，差不多”的意思，是近义词。

A项指“肯定地”，B项指“可能”，D 项指“绝对地”，最佳答案是C。

2、The high - speed trains can have a major impact on our lives.【单选题】A.effortB.problemC.influenceD.concern正确答案:C答案解析:高铁会对我们的生活产生很大影响。

本题难度不大，是送分题，干扰项可以说无干扰性，确定impact的引申意义有“影响”的意思，不难找到答案influence。

3、Some Unusual CelebrationsSome holidays are well - known all around the world. Among them are New Year's Eve Celebrations. Also days are common in honor of love and friendship, like Valentine's Day. Each country has its own special holidays too, to mark important events in its history. Schools, banks, and government offices all close on days like these. Some of the days people celebrate, however, are less serious. A few of them are really very strange.Of course, they are not strange to the people who celebrate them. Perhaps that is because the celebrations have long traditions. Consider April Fool's Day, for example. No one knows when or why it began. Today it is celebrated in many countries －France, England, and Australia, etc. On this day, people play practical jokes. ____ The ones who laugh are the ones playing the jokes. The people they fool often get angry. Does celebrating this day make sense to you?Dyngus Day in Poland seems strange, too. On this day, it is traditional for boys to pour water over the heads of girls. Here is the strangest part: they do it to girls they like.Other unusual celebrations take place in a single city or town. A。

职称英语考试《综合类》每日一练精选及答案0524-1361、Continuing Education1 People around the world agree that education is not an end, but a means to an end. In other words, we do not educate students only for the aim of educating them. Our purpose is to fit them for life. Life is varied; so is education.2 Ideas about education are more specified in the United States. Education today is not just a high school diploma or a college degree. Many adults are not interested in going to college. They are interested in other kinds of learning. For them, learning does not end with a diploma.3 Continuing education gives these adults the opportunity to increase their knowledge about their own field or to learn about a new field. It also gives them a chance to improve their old skills or to learn new ones. Scientists, mechanics, secretaries, barbers and cooks can take classes to improve their work skills. If they know more or learn more, they can get a better job or earn more money.4 Continuing education classes give more adults the chance to learn new skills. There is usually a large variety of classes to choose from: typing, foreign cooking, photography, auto repair, furniture repair, or swimming. There are only some of the classes available.5 Some adults take classes for fun or because the class will be useful for them. Other adults take continuing education classes to improve their own lives because they want to feel better about themselves.6 Almost any community college or public school system has a continuing education program. There are classes in schools, community buildings or churches. Most classes are in the evenings, so working people can attend. The classes are usually small, and they are inexpensive.The best title for the passage would be ____【单选题】A.adults should go on learning after graduating from schoolB.to enlarge their knowledge and learn new skillsC.by community colleges and public schoolsD.only for working peopleE.Continuing Education ClassesF.The Importance of a College Degree正确答案:E答案解析:文章先提了全世界人民对教育的看法，接下来讲了美国人对教育的理解。

职称英语考试《综合类》每日一练精选及答案0524-511、Pronouncing a LanguagePronouncing a language is a skill. Every normal person is an expert in the skill of pronouncing his own language; but few people are even fairly proficient at pronouncing foreign languages. Now there are many reasons for this, some obvious, some perhaps not so obvious. But I suggest that the basic reason why people in general do not speak foreign languages very much better than they do native language is that they fail to understand the true nature of the problem of learning to pronounce. Far too many people fail to realize that pronouncing a foreign language is a skill----one that needs careful training of a special kind, and one that cannot be gained by just leaving it to take care of itself. I think even teachers of language, while realizing the importance of a good accent, often neglect, in their practical teaching, the branch of study concerned with speaking the language. So the first point I want to make is that English pronunciation must be taught; the teacher should be prepared to devote some of the lesson time to this, and get thestudent to feel that here is a matter worthy of receiving his close attention. So, there should be occasions when other aspects of English, such as grammar or spelling, are allowed for the moment to take second place.Besides this question of the time given to pronunciation, there are two other requirements for the teacher: the first, knowledge; the second, technique.It is also possible to get a clear mental picture of the relationship between the sounds of different languages, between the speech habits of English people and those, say, of your students. Unless the teacher has such a picture, any comments he may make on his students' pronunciation are unlikely to be of much use, and lesson time spent on pronunciation may well be time wasted.According to the writer, what are teachers likely to ignore?【单选题】A.The practical techniques of teachingB.The importance of a good accentC.The teaching of spelling and grammarD.The teaching of pronunciation正确答案:D答案解析:从第1段第6句可知，甚至教语言的老师，即便知道好的口音的重要性，在实际教学中也常常忽略这种和语言有关的学科，因此答案是D。

职称英语考试《综合类》每日一练精选及答案0524-1211、The State of Marriage TodayIs there something seriously wrong with marriage today? During the past 50 years, the rate of divorce in the United States has exploded: almost 50% of marriages end in divorce now, and the evidence suggests it is going to get worse. If this trend continues, it will lead to the breakup of the family, according to a spokesperson for the National Family Association. Some futurists predict that in 100 years, the average American will marry at least four times, and extramarital (婚外的) affairs will be even more common than now.But what are the reasons for this, and is the picture really so gloomy (明暗的)? The answer to the first question is really quite simple: marriage is no longer the necessity it once was. The institution of marriage has been based for years partly on economic need. Women used to be economically dependent on their husbands－as they usually didn't have jobs outside thehome. But with the rising number of women in well－paying jobs, this is no longer the case, So they don't feel that they need to stay in a failing marriage.In answer to the second question, the outlook may not be as pessimistic (悲观的) as it seems. While the rate of divorce has risen, the rate of couples marrying has never actually fallen very much, so marriage is still quite popular. In addition to this, many couples now simply live together and don't bother to marry. These couples are effectively married, but they do not appear in either the marriage or divorce statistics. In fact, more than 50% of first marriages survive.So is marriage really an outdated institution? The fact that most people still get married indicates that it isn't. And it is also true that married couples have a healthier life than single people: they suffer less from stress and its consequences, such as heart problems, and married men generally consider themselves more contented than their single counterparts. Perhaps the key is to find out what makes a successful marriage and apply it to all of our relationships!Why is the outlook of marriage not as hopeless as it appears? ____【单选题】A. Many people still like to get married.B.The rate of divorce has actually decreased.C.Over 60% of the marriages continue to exist.D.The statistics of divorce is reliable.正确答案:A答案解析:本题难度也不大，正确答案正好是选项A，所以看到A的信息提示，然后马上回到原文验证，可以找到答案依据是文章第三段第二句后半部分：…so marriage is still quite popular.2、CultureCulture is one of the most challenging elements of theinternational marketplace. This system of learned behavior patterns characteristic of the members of a shaped by a set of dynamic variables: language, religion, values and attitudes, manners and customs, aesthetics, technology, education, and social institutions. To cope with this system, an international manager needs both factual and interpretive knowledge of culture. To some extent, the factual knowledge can be learned; its interpretation comes only through experience.The most complicated problems in dealing with the cultural environment stem from the fact that one cannot learn culture one has to live it. Two schools of thought exist in the business world on how to deal with cultural diversity. One is that business is business the world around, following the model of Pepsi and McDonald's. In some cases, globalization is a fact of life; however, cultural differences are still far from converging. The other school proposes that companies must tailor business approaches to individual cultures. Setting up policies and procedures in each country has been compared to an organ transplant; the critical question centers around acceptance or rejection. The major challenge to the international manager is to make sure that rejection is not a result of cultural myopia or even blindness.Fortune examined the international performance of a dozenlarge companies that earn 20 percent or overseas. The internationally successful companies all share an important quality: patience. They have not rushed into situations but rather built their operations carefully by following the most basic business principles. These principles are to know your adversary, know your audience, and know your customer.According to the passage, which of the following is true?【单选题】A.All international managers can learn culture.B.Business diversity is not necessary.C.Views differ on how to treat culture in business world.D.Most people do not know foreign culture well.正确答案:C答案解析:文化在商业中是一个很具挑战性的因素。

职称英语考试《综合类》每日一练精选及答案0524-1161、Three Ways to Become More CreativeMost people believe they don't have much imagination. They are wrong. Everyone has imagination, but most of us, once we become adults, forget how to access it. Creativity isn't always connected with great works of art or ideas. People at work and in their free time routinely think of creative ways to solve problems. Maybe you have a goal to achieve, a tricky question to answer or you just want to expand your mind! There are three techniques to help you.This technique involves taking unrelated ideas and trying to find links between them. First, think about the problem you have to solve or the job you need to do. Then find an image, word, idea or object, for example, a candle. Write down all the ideas/words associated with candles, light, fire, matches, wax, night, silence, etc. Think of as many as you can. The next stage is to relate the ideas to the job you have to do. So imagine you want to buy a friend an original present; you could buy himtickets to a match or take him out for the night. Imagine that normal limitations don't exist. You have as much time/space/money, etc. as you want. Think about your goal and the new possibilities. If, for example, your goal is to learn to ski (滑雪), you can now practice skiing every day of your life (because you have the time and the money). Now adapt this to reality. Maybe you can practice skiing every day in December, or every Monday in January.Look at the situation from a different point of view. Good negotiators (谈判者) use this technique in business, and so do writers. Fiction writers often imagine they are the characters in their books. They ask questions: what does this character want? Why can't she get it? What changes must she make to get what she wants? What does she dream about? If your goal involves other people, put yourself "in their shoes". The best fishermen think they are the fish!We learn from the third technique that a good salesman should ask himself: ____.【单选题】A.what do I usually do?B.what did my boss tell me to do?C.what are my customers' needs?D.how should I sell my products?正确答案:C答案解析:本题难度不大，读完文章，可以推断出，销售人员要站在消费者的立场上考虑，所以不难找到答案。

职称英语考试《综合类》每日一练精选及答案0524-1101、Gun Rights in the USImmediately after the shooting at Virginia Tech University, Americans gathered to mourn (致哀) the dead. The president and the state governer both hurried there to share the grief. But the majority of Americans still cling to their right to own weapons.Strictly speaking, the US is not the only country here gun violence has destroyed lives, families and communities in everyday circumstance. But the US is one of the few countries that seem unwilling and politically incapable of doing anything serious to stop it.In countries like Britain and Canada, the government adopted strict gun control soon after serious gun violence incidents. US leaders, however, are held hostage by the gun lobby (院外活动集团) and the electoral (选举) system.The powerful National Rifle Association, the major supporter ofgun rights in the US, is too strong for any party to take on. Most Republicans oppose gun control anyway. Over the years, the Democrats have found that they can either campaign for gun control or win power, not both, they prefer power.According to the US Bureau of Justice Statistics, firearm (火器) incidents accounted for nine percent of the 4.7 million violent crimes in 2005. So although opinion polls show most Americans want stricter gun laws, many people don't want to give up their arms they keep to protect themselves.Dave Hancock, a Virginia gun lover, is one example. In an interview he said, "If one professor in the Virginia incident had been carrying a legal weapon, they might have been able to stop all this. "In his opinion, the massacre (大屠杀) is an argument for more people to carry weapons, not fewer. Americans' clinging to the right to bear arms is not just a fear of crime, but a mistrust of government, commented UK's Guardian newspaper.One Virginia resident, who had a permit to carry a concealed (隐藏的) firearm, told the Guardian that it was every American's responsibility to have a gun."Each person," he said, "should not rely solely ____ thegovernment for protection."【单选题】A.inB.onC.atD.from正确答案:B答案解析:本题难度不大，考查的是动词短语rely on，rely on 是“依靠”的意思，接介词on或upon，最佳答案是B。

职称英语考试《综合类》每日一练精选及答案0524-1501、In judging our work you should take into consideration the fact that we have been very busy recently.【单选题】A.thoughtB.accountC.mindD.brain正确答案:B答案解析:题干大意：在评判我们的工作时，应该考虑到这样一个事实：我们最近很忙。

take into consideration和take into account都是“考虑”的意思，是固定说法。

故答案为B。

2、Human Space ExplorationWhile scientists are searching the cause of the Columbia disaster, NASA is moving ahead with plans to develop a new craft that would replace shuttles(航天飞机) on space station missions by2012 and respond quickly to space station emergencies.The space agency released the first set of mission needs and requirements several days ago for me orbital space plane (轨道航天飞机), which would be designed to transport a crew of four to and from the International Space Station.Although it includes few specifics, the plan states the orbiter(轨道航天飞机) will be safer cheaper and require less preparation time than the shuttle. It would be able to transport four crew members by 2012 though it would be available for rescue missions by 2010. NASA says the craft should be able to transport injured or ill space station crew members to"definitive(决定性的) medical care" within 24 hours.The release of the requirements showed NASA remains focused on the long-term priorities of space exploration, even as questions exist concerning the loss of Columbia and its seven member crew on February l, 2003.Expels at Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama, have been working for years on a successor to the shuttle. The project, known as the Space Launch Initiative (倡议), was divided last year into two parts----one focusing on a future launch vehicle, the other on a space station orbiter. The orbiter is expected to be ready sooner.The program's managers say NASA officials have told them not to alter Space Launch Initiative in light of the Columbia disaster. U. S. President George W. Bush asked Congress for about US$1 billion for Space Launch Initiative in 2004, funds that would be almost equally split between the Orbital Space Plane and Next Generation Launch Technology.When did NASA start working on a successor to the shuttle?【单选题】。

职称英语考试《综合类》每日一练精选及答案0524-1191、New Product Will Save LivesDrinking water that looks clean may still contain bugs, which can cause illness. A small company called Genera Technologies has produced a testing method in three stages, which shows whether water is safe. The new test shows if water needs chemicals added to it, to destroy anything harmful. It was invented by scientist Dr. Adrian Patton, who started Genera five years ago. He and his employees have developed the test together with a British water company.Andy Headland, Genera's marketing director, recently presented the test at a conference in the USA and forecast good American sales for it. Genera has already sold 11 0fits tests at $42,500 a time in the UK and has a further four on order. It expects to sell another 25 tests before the end of March. The company says it is the only test in the UK to be approved by the government.Genera was formed five years ago and until October last yearhad only five employees; it now employs 14. Mr. Headland believes that the company should make around $19 million by the end of the year in the UK alone.Genera Technologies has developed a method that determines whether water is clean.【单选题】A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned正确答案:A答案解析:题干的意思与原文第2句相符，故为正确答案。

职称英语考试《综合类》每日一练精选及答案0524-1141、Why People Use Pseudonyms (假名字)?You can't choose the name you are given at birth, but in many countries you can change it legally when you reach adulthood. Of course, most people never change their names even if they feel unhappy about them. However some people do take this course of action－particularly artists! What makes an artist want to change their name? Sometimes it's for purely personal reasons, such as the Nobel Prize winning poet from Chile, Neftalf Reyes. He didn't want his father to know he was writing poetry, so he changed his name to Pablo Neruda when he was a young man. At other times the reason may appear strange, take the case of the Portuguese poet Femando Pessoa, who wrote under 75 different names. The reason? "When I use a different name, I always write in a different way," he explained. In most cases, however , people change their names for social, historical, political, or cultural reasons. Here are some of the most common: reason. The person's real name is just ____ long and difficult to remember. Let's be honest, Madonna LouiseCiccone is not as easy to remember as just plain Madonna. And short names are much easier to remember: William Bradley became Brad Pitt and Edson Arantes do Nascimento became Pele.Sometimes names are changed for marketing purposes. For example, if a name sounds too foreign, it may be changed to something that is more recognizable in a market. So in the film world, Ramon Estsvez adopted the name Martin Sheen. Or maybe the artist's real name doesn't sound attractive－Chad Everett does sound a lot better than Raymond Cramton. Artists sometimes choose the name of someone they admire. Robert Zimmerman changed his name to Boo Dylan because of his admiration for the Welsh poet, Dylan Thomas.Another reason may be practical: in the past, women found it very difficult to get published. To avoid this situation, they sometimes gave themselves men's names, so the English author Mary Ann Evans became George Eliot, and she did get her books published!【单选题】A.soB.veryC.tooD.much正确答案:C答案解析:本题难度不大，从文中可以判断出，此处是...too...to结构，因此答案是C。