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2019年安徽师范大学852翻译与写作考研真题(总分：150.00，做题时间：180分钟)一、Part Ⅰ Translation(总题数：4，分数：100.00)1.Translate the following passages into Chinese.Passage 1In a recent research article in Clinical Psychological Science, I and my collaborator, the neuroscientist Tom Johnstone at the University of Reading in the UK, examined the prevalence of absolutist thinking in the natural language of more than 6,400 online members in various mental-health chat groups. From the outset, we predicted that thosewith depression, anxiety and suicidal ideation would have a more absolutist outlook, and that this would manifest in their style of language. Compared with 19 different online control chat groups on topics from cancer to parenting, theprevalence of absolutist words was approximately 50 per cent greater in depression and anxiety groups,and approximately 80 per cent greater in the suicidal-ideation group.Previously, the best-known linguistic markers for mental-health disorders had been an excessive use offirst-person singular pronouns such as “me”, “myself” and “I”, with a reduced use of second- and third-person pronouns. This pattern of pronoun use reflects the isolation and self-focus common in depression; negative-emotion words are also reliable in identifying depression. However, we find that the prevalence of absolutist words is a better linguistic marker for mental-health disorders than both pronouns and negative-emotion words. They produced bigger differences between groups with mental-health disorders and control groups compared with pronouns, and they tracked groups with mental-health disorders better than negative-emotion words. Paradoxically, negative-emotion words were more prevalent in anxiety and depression groups than in the suicidal-ideation group.（分数：25.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________2.Translate the following passages into Chinese.Passage 2You are stressed and exhausted, and you are not alone. Parenting today often feels like a frantic race in which we are forever a few steps behind. Kids today have half as much free time as they did 30 years ago, notes a national studyof 3,500 children aged 12 and under released by the University of Michigan Institute for Social Research. “Children are affected by the same time crunch as their parents,” says Sandra L. Hofferth, a senior research scientist at the institute.“As a society, we have talked ourselves into believing that we have to make every moment count, and that we have to fill our children as we would fill empty vessels,” says Dr. Kathy Hirsh-Pasek, a professor at Temple Universityin Philadelphia. “Parents feel compelled to give their kids every advantage they can afford. So they cram their days with art,music, sports, and even weekend enrichment programs.” Is it any wonder that when youngsters have a free moment, they complain that they‟re bored? More likely, they simply don‟t know what to do with themselves. “There is a myth that doing nothing is wasting time, when it‟s actually extremely productive and essential,” saysDr. Hirsh-Pasek. “During empty hours, kids explore the world at their own pace, develop their own unique set of interests and indulge in the sort of fantasy play that will help them figure out how to create their own happiness, handle problems with others on their own, and sensibly manage their own time. That‟s a critical life skill.”（分数：25.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________3.Translate the following passages into English.Passage 1今年以来，中国经济运行总体平稳，经济增速在全球主要经济体中是比较高的，就业、物价都比较稳定。
杭州师范大学2020年招收攻读硕士研究生考试题考试科目代码：211考试科目名称：翻译硕士英语说明：考生答题时一律写在答题纸上，否则漏批责任自负。
I. Vocabulary and grammar (30’)SectionAMultiple choice (20’)Directions:Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose the answer that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.1. Creativity should not be as an exceptional talent; it is a basic skill that can be mastered with the right teaching.A. replacedB. perceivedC. cultivatedD. probed2. These guests were to the host for his gracious and impressive hospitality.A. contemptuousB. resentfulC. obligedD. mighty3. Whatever we attempt to do, we mustn’t our main objective.A. attainB. rejectC. lose sight ofD. prosecute4. With the passage of time, some words are beginning to a new sense.A. go aboutB. take onC. draw uponD. turn out5. Tourism, particularly ecotourism, helps promote of wildlife and natural resources.A. conservationB. distinctionC. extinctionD. aspiration6. Despite the changes in this country, many tough issues remain unsolved.A. radicalB. reversibleC. rigorousD. insensible7. Life is stressful, so it is always difficult to work, school and family.A. encounterB. eliminateC. illuminateD. prioritize8. People who diabetes have to minimize their daily consumption of sugar.A. make up forB. crack down onC. take fancy toD. are stricken with9. The city was paralyzed by the transit strike for better wages.A. subjectivelyB. imaginablyC. virtuallyD. positively10. The changes brought about by digital technologies have impacted the whole world.A. novelB. adverseC. profoundD. prospective11. The camps are not usual tent-type camps. They are mostly long-established,structures, often with strange Islamic names.A. historicalB. monotonousC. permanentD.raw12. Among all the changes resulting from the ______ entry of women into the work force, the transformation that has occurred in the women themselves is not the least important.A. massiveB. quantitativeC. surplusD. formidable13. The manufacturing in China is expected to continue to expand in 2019 despite the slight decline of an index.A. versionB. sectorC. questD.factor14. Researchers say that cigarettes is necessary to dramatically reduce the chance of cardiovascular problems.A. carrying outB. breaking outC. cutting outD. putting out15. Economic recessions will weaken one’s confidence in the government and threaten social .A. cohesionB. erosionC. illusionD. evasion16. The Mexican settlers built cities and missions in what become California.A. used toB. would ratherC. was toD. had better17. Each of us is working hard to get happiness which brings substantial benefits for society .A. by mere chanceB. at great lengthC. all at onceD. as a whole18. Although the colonists ______ to some extent with the native Americans, the Indians’ influence on American culture and language was not extensive.A. migratedB. matchedC. mingledD. melted19. Most readers believe that this book is , thoughtful and informative.A. intriguingB. ambiguousC. compulsiveD. imperative20. Some of the recent actions of the government are their statement of policy.A. in the interest ofB. in conformity withC. in proportion toD. in the event ofSectionB Proofreading and error correction (10’)The passage contains TEN errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way:For a wrong word underline the wrong word and write the correct one inthe blank provided at the end of the lineFor a missing wordmark the position of the missing word with a “Λ” signand write the word you believe to be missing in theblank provided at the end of the line.For an unnecessary word cross the unnecessary word with a slash “/”and put theword in the blank provided at the end of the line.EXAMPLEW h e nΛa r t m u s e u m w a n t s a n e w e x h i b i t,(1) anIt never buys things in finished form and hangs (2) neverthem on the wall. When a natural history museumwants an exhibition, it must often build it. (3) exhibitMany people are disturbed by the genetic diversify of (1)cancers--- an inevitable result of random evolution. (2)Cancer therapies used to be applied fairly random or (3)Carelessly, but nowadays many believe that effectivetherapies need to be specific and tailoring to genetic (4)faults in each individual’s cancer. Therefore, a personalized(5)treatment disregards the most fundamental reason (6)it is difficult to cure cancers once for all: cancer cellsadapt and evolve with response to treatment. Even drugs (7)that are initially effective often have a progressive (8)diminishing effect, as the biological systems blockedof the treatment spontaneously compensateof rerouting (9)the cancer cell’s internal wiring, in restoring the cancer’s (10)ability to spread. To use an analogy, in the absence ofshort cuts, evolution takes over: naturally arising mutantcancer cells that are resistant to the targeted drug rapidlyoutgrow their disabled siblings and cancer comes back.II. Reading comprehension(40’)Section A Multiple choice (20’)Directions:In this section there are two passages followed by multiple choice questions. Read the passages and then mark your answers on the answer sheet.Passage AThe language of rights now dominates political debate in the United States. Does the Government respect the moral and political rights of its citizens? Or does the Government’s war policy, or its race policy, fly in the face of these rights? Do the minorities whose rights have been violated have the right to violate the law in return? Or does the silent majority itself have rights, including the right that those who break the law be published? It is not surprising that these questions are now prominent. The concept of rights, and particularly the concept of rights against the Government, has its most natural use when a political society is divided, and appeals to co-operation or a common goal are pointless.The debate does not include the issue of whether citizens have some moral rights against their Government. It seems accepted on all sides that they do. Conventional lawyers and politicians take it as a point of pride that our legal system recognizes, for example, individual rights of free speech, equality, and due process. They base their claim that our law deserves respect, at least in part, on that fact, for they would not claim that totalitarian system deserve the same loyalty.Some philosophers, of cause, reject the idea that citizens have rights apart from what the law happens to give them. Bentham thought that the idea of moral rights was “nonsense on stilts”. But that view has never been part of our orthodox political theory, and politicians of both parties appeal to the rights of the people to justify a great part of what they want to do. I shall not be concerned, in this essay, to defend the thesis that citizens have moral rights against their governments; I want instead to explore the implications of that thesis for those, including the present United States Government, who profess to accept it.It is much in dispute, of cause, what particular rights citizens have. Does the acknowledged right to free speech, for example, include the right to participate in nuisance demonstrations? In practice, the Government will have the last word on what an individual’s rights are, because its police will do what the officials and courts say. But that does not mean that the Government’s view is necessarily the correct view, anyone who thinks it does must believe that men and women have such moral rights as Government chooses to grant, which means they have no moral rights at all.All this is sometimes obscured in the United States by the constitutional system. The American Constitution provides a set of individual legal rights in the First Amendment, and in due process, equal protection, and similar clauses. Under present legal practice the Supreme Court has the power to declare an act of Congress or of a state legislature void if the Court finds that the act offends these provisions. This practice has had some commentators to suppose that individual moral rights are fully protected by this system, but that is hardly so, nor could it be so.1. In the United States nowadays__________.A. politicians are discussing about the right language.B. politicians are debating about what is right and what is wrong.C. language is the most important theme in the political debate.D. we can hear lots of talks about rights.2. It is only natural that questions about citizens’ rights are now prominent because__________A. the minorities are violating the law.B. the political society in the USA is divided.C. the silent majority wants to punish those who have violated the law.D. people are looking for a common goal.3. Which of the following statements is not true?A. It is generally agreed that citizens should have some moral rights.B. It is a moral right of the citizens to respect the legal system.C. Citizens’ moral rights include free speech, equality and due process.D. The legal system deserves respect because it recognizes citizens’ moral rights.4. In this essay the author will not be concerned to defend the thesis that citizens have moralrights against their government because__________A. this thesis has never bee put into question in the mainstream political theory.B. he shares the view of those philosophers who think that citizens only have the rights that thelaw gives them.C. this thesis has appeal to politicians of both parties.D. the United States government professes to accept this thesis.5. The author believes that__________A. the United States Constitution protects citizens’ moral rights but the government does not.B. the Supreme Court has the power to protect citizens’ moral rights but it does not do that.C. Citizens’ moral rights could not be fully protected by the present legal practice.D. the United States Constitution does not have provisions that fully protect citizens’ moralrights.Passage BWhat do you do when everyone hates you? That is the problem faced by America’s pharmaceutical industry. Despite its successes in treating disease and extending longevity, soaring health-care costs and bumper profits mean that big drug firms are widely viewed as exploitative, and regarded almost as unfavorably as tobacco and oil firms (see chart). Last week, at a conference organized by The Economist in Philadelphia, the drug industry was offered some advice from an unlikely source: a tobacco firm. Steven Parrish of Altria, the conglomerate that includes Philip Morris, gave his perspective on how an industry can improve its tarnished public image.Comparing the tobacco and pharmaceutical industries might seem absurd, or even offensive. “Their products kill people. Our products save people's lives,” says Alan Holmer, the head of the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America, an industry association. Yet the drug giants currently face an unprecedented onslaught of class-action lawsuits and public scrutiny; industry bosses are being grilled by lawmakers asking who knew what and when. It is all reminiscent of what happened to the tobacco industry in 1994.Mr. Parrish advised drug firms to abandon their bunker mentality and engage with their critics. Rather than arguing about the past, he said, it is better to move on, and give people something new to think about. (Philip Morris now acknowledges, for example, that cigarettes are addictive and deadly, and is trying to develop less harmful products.) Not everyone is open to persuasion, so focus on those who are, he said. But changing opinions takes time and demands deeds as well as words: “This is not about spin, this is about change.”The pharmaceutical industry is pursuing a range of initiatives to mollify its critics, Mr. Holmer noted in his own speech. But Mr. Parrish suggested that speaking with one voice through a trade association might be counter-productive, since it can give the impression that the industry is a monolithic cartel. And too much advertising, he said, can actually antagonize people further.The audience was generally receptive, claims Mr. Parrish. This is not the first time he has offered his thoughts on dealing with implacable critics. At a conference at the University of Michigan last year, he offered America’s State Department advice on improving America’s image in the Middle East. So does his prescription work? There has been a positive shift in attitudes towards tobacco firms, if only a small one. But at least, for once, a tobacco firm is peddling a cure, rather than a disease.1. Why is America’s pharmaceutical industry so unpopular?A. Because it, like tobacco and oil firms, does harm to people‘s health and environment.B. Because it fails to cure disease and make people live longer.C. Because the prices of its products are too high and its profit margin is too wide.D. Because it exploits its employees.2. Alan Holmer is quoted to illustrate that __________A. the comparison between tobacco and pharmaceutical industries might seem ridiculous, oreven insulting.B. the pharmaceutical industries agree that they are similar to tobacco industry.C. tobacco products do more harm to people than pharmaceutical products.D. pharmaceutical industries are currently facing lots of problems.3. According to the text, Mr. Parrish gives the following suggestions to drug firms except__________A. To acknowledge the problems and try to do something to improve their images.B. Not to react to the public in one voice through the drug association.C. Not to care about the past.D. To try to spend time and energy to persuade the majority of the audience who are open topersuasion.4. The word “mollify” (Line 1, Paragraph 4) might mean?A. placateB. enrageC. fightD. relieve5. What does the author imply by saying “This is not the first time he has offered histhoughts on dealing with implacable critics.”?A. Mr. Parrish has offered his advice to other on dealing with tough critics for several times.B. Mr. Parrish has dealt successfully with other critics himself.C. Mr. Parrish has given sound advice to drug firms.D. Mr. Parrish has been of help to others on critical moments.Section B Answering questions(20’)Directions:Read the following two passages and then answer IN COMPLETE SENTENCES the questions which follow each passage. Use only information from the passage you have just read and write your answers on the answer sheet.Questions 1-3New tools offer new opportunities, but what are the risks and who benefits?Human intervention for the improvement of crops, trees, livestock and fish is nothing new. For millennia, humans have bred, crossed and selected those varieties, ecotypes and breeds that were more productive, better adapted or particularly useful.Conventional breeding practices can now be complemented by a number of new and powerful techniques. Some of these allow, for example, the propagation of plant material in glass tubes to keep it free of diseases, and the production of more sensitive and specific reagents for diagnosing diseases in plants, livestock and fish through tissue and cell culture. Others, often referred to as molecular methods, enable scientists to see the layout of the entire genome of any organism and to select plants and animals with preferred characteristics by “reading” at the molecular level, saving precious time and resources.Modern biotechnology also includes an array of tools for introducing or deleting a particular gene or genes to produce plants, animals and micro-organisms with novel traits. This kind of genetic manipulation is called “genetic engineering” and the product is a genetically modifiedorganism, or GMO. Both traditional and modern biotechnologies result in plants, animals and micro-organisms with combinations of genes that would not have come about without human intervention. It has to be emphasized, however, that biotechnology includes a range of techniques and products, and GMOs are but one of them.“With the increasingly limited amount of new land available to agriculture, modern biotechnologies could complement and improve the efficiency of traditional selection and breeding techniques to enhance agricultural productivity,” says Mahmoud Solh, Director of FAO’s Division of Plant Production and Protection.A plant or an animal resistant to a particular disease can be produced through a “traditional” breeding programme, that is, through crosses with resistant relative, selection and backcrossing again, or by the introduction of a gene that confers the resistance through genetic engineering. While the products of both approaches will be disease resistant, only the second one is a GMO. What is new is the ability of scientists to unravel the genome to look at the genes of an organism, and then make use of that information to change the organism, and even transfer genes to another organism very distant in the evolutionary scale. And that is where the controversy comes in.“FAO recognizes that genetic engineering has the potential to help increase production and productivity in agriculture, forestry and fisheries,” says FAO’s Statement on Biotechnology. “It could lead to higher yields on marginal lands in countries that today cannot grow enough food to feed their people.” But, it adds, FAO “is also aware of the concern about the potential risks posed by certain aspects of biotechnology. These risks fall into two basic categories: the effects on human and animal health and the environmental consequences.”These new tools offer new opportunities for solving problems where traditional techniques have failed. Genetically modified products are usually developed and used for large-scale commercial interests, and with a few exceptions, small-scale farmers have so far not benefited from the technology.The articles in this focus are intended to provide background information on genetic engineering in agriculture for the non-specialist--what it is, how it is being used, how it might be used in the future and possible benefits and risks. If you are new to the subject, you might find it easiest to read the pages in the order shown in the column on the right. Those who would like to pursue the subject further may wish to visit.1. According to the passage, what is called “genetic engineering”?2. What are the potential benefits and risks of genetic engineering in agriculture?3. Why are small-scale farmers unlikely to benefit from biotechnology?Questions 4-5According to the latest figures, the majority of the world’s population is now bilingual or multilingual, having grown up speaking two or more languages. In the past, such children were considered to be at a disadvantage compared with their monolingual peers. Over the past fewdecades, however, technological advances have allowed researchers to look more deeply at how bilingualism interacts with and changes the cognitive and neurological systems, thereby identifying several clear benefits of being bilingual.Research shows that when a bilingual person uses one language, the other is active at the same time. When we hear a word, we don’t hear the entire word all at once: the sounds arrive in sequential order. Long before the word is finished, the brain’s language system begins to guess what that word might be. If you hear ‘can’, you will likely activate words like ‘candy’ and ‘candle’ as well, at least during the earlier stages of word recognition. For bilingual people, this activation is not limited to a single language; auditory input activates corresponding words regardless of the language to which they belong. Some of the most compelling evidence for this phenomenon, called ‘language co-activation’, comes from studying eye movements. A Russian-English bilingual asked to ‘pick up a marker’ from a set of objects would look more at a stamp than someone who doesn’t Know Russian, because the Russian word for ‘stamp’, marka, sounds like the English word he or she heard, ‘marker’. In cases like this, language co-activation occurs because what the listener hears could map onto words in either language.Having to deal with this persistent linguistic competition can result in difficulties, however. For instance, knowing more than one language can cause speakers to name picture more slowly, and can increase ‘tip-of-the-tongue states’, when you can almost, but not quite, bring a word to mind. As a result, the constant juggling of two language creates a need to control how much a person accesses a language at any given time. For this reason, bilingual people often perform better on tasks that require conflict management. In classic Stroop Task, people see a word and are asked to name the colour of the word’s font. When the colour and the word match (i.e., the word ‘red’ printed in red), people correctly name the colour more quickly than when the colour and the word don’t match (i.e., the word ‘red’ printed in blue). This occurs because the word itself (‘red’) and its font colour (blue) conflict. Bilingual people often excel at tasks such as this, which tap into the ability to ignore competing perceptual information and focus on the relevant aspects of the input. Bilinguals are also better at switching between two tasks; for example, when bilinguals have to switch from categorizing objects by colour (red or green) to categorizing them by shape (circle or triangle), they do so more quickly than monolingual people, reflecting better cognitive control when having to make rapid changes of strategy.It also seems that the neurological roots of the bilingual advantage extend to brain areas more traditionally associated with sensory processing. When monolingual and bilingual adolescents listen to simple speech sounds without any intervening background noise, they show highly similar brain stem responses. When researchers play the same sound to both groups in the presence of background noise, however, the bilingual listeners’ neural response is considerably larger, reflecting better encoding of the sound’s fundamental frequency, a feature of sound closely related to pitch perception.Such improvements in cognitive and sensory processing may help a bilingual person toprocess information in the environment, and help explain why bilingual adults acquire a third language better than monolingual adults master a second language. This advantage may be rooted in the skill of focusing on information about the new language while reducing interference from the languages they already know.Research also indicates that bilingual experience may help to keep the cognitive mechanisms sharp by recruiting alternate brain networks to compensate for those that become damaged during aging. Older bilinguals enjoy improved memory relative to monolingual people, which can lead to real-world health benefits. In a study of over 200 patients with Alzheimer’s disease, a degenerative brain disease, bilingual patients reported showing initial symptoms of the disease an average of five years later than monolingual patients. In a follow-up study, researchers compared the brains of bilingual and monolingual patients match on the severity of Alzheimer’s symptoms. Surprisingly, the bilinguals’ brains had more physical signs of disease than their monolingual counterparts, even though their outward behaviour and abilities were the same. If the brain is an engine, bilingualism may help it to go farther on the same amount of fuel.Furthermore, the benefits associated with bilingual experience seem to start very early. In one study, researchers taught seven-month-old babies growing up in monolingual or bilingual homes that when they heard a tinkling sound, a puppet appearing on the opposite side of the screen. In order to get a reward, the infants had to adjust the rule they’d learned; only the bilingual babies were able to successfully learn the new rule. This suggests that for very young children, as well as for older people, navigating a multilingual environment imparts advantages that transfer far beyond language.4. Why do bilingual people often perform better than monolingual people on tasks that requireconflict management?5. According to the passage, what are the results when monolingual and bilingual adolescentslisten to simple speech sounds with or without intervening background noise?III. Writing (30’)Directions:After Abhijit Banerjee, Esther Duflo and Michael Kremer were awarded the 2019 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Science for their outstanding contributions to “experimental research” into the “daunting issue” of global poverty, many have questioned the Nobel Committee’s choice, with some saying China’s poverty alleviation efforts have been the most effective in the world and are more worthy of study. But since the three winners are experts in development economics, this year’s Nobel Prize for economics is seen as highlighting the global need for eradicating poverty and achieving common economic growth.Write a composition of about 400 words on the ANSWER SHEET, in which you should:(1) express your opinion on why poverty alleviation core of development economics andwhat further steps to be taken.(2) give sound arguments to support your view.Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization, and language quality.Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.杭州师范大学2019年招收攻读硕士研究生考试题考试科目代码：211考试科目名称：翻译硕士英语说明：考生答题时一律写在答题纸上，否则漏批责任自负。
杭州师范大学硕士研究生招生考试命题纸杭州师范大学2019年招收攻读硕士研究生考试题考试科目代码： 357考试科目名称：英语翻译基础说明：考生答题时一律写在答题纸上，否则漏批责任自负。
I. Directions: Translate the following English words, abbreviations or terminology into Chinese respectively. There are altogether 25 items in this part of the test with one point for each. (25 points)1.NASA2.CPI3.GNP4.ISO5.OEM6.CFO7.G.W.8.L/C9.CIA10.MIT11.BRICS Summit12.the most favored nation (MFN) status13.trade hegemony and bullyingprehensive strategic partnership of coordination15.Massive Ordnance Air Blast Bomb16.herd effects17.hung parliament18.King of Glory19.grey rhino20.white supremacy21.targeted RRR cut22.host of livestreaming sites23.retaliatory duty24.Bretton Woods system25.multi-party co-operation in exercising State powerⅡ. Directions: Translate the following Chinese words into English respectively. There are altogether 25 items in this part of the test with one point for each. (25 points)1.反倾销2019年考试科目代码 357 考试科目名称英语翻译基础（本考试科目共 3页，第1 页）。
北京师范大学英语翻译硕士考研by育明教育506马老师推荐参考书目：庄绎传，《英汉翻译简明教程》，外语教学与研究出版社(2002)冯庆华，《实用翻译教程》，上海外语教育出版社(1997)陈宏薇，《新编汉英翻译教程》，上海外语教育出版社(2004)王恩冕，《大学英汉翻译教程》，对外经贸大学出版社(2009)杨士焯，《英汉翻译教程》，北京大学出版社(2006)连淑能，《英译汉教程》，高等教育出版社(2006)刘季春，《实用翻译教程(修订版)》，中山大学出版社(2007)冯庆华，《英汉翻译基础教程》，高等教育出版社(2008)李国正，《汉语写作与百科知识》，首都师范大学出版社，（2018）招生目录：历年分数线：复试形式为口试，总分：250分包括：视译、阅读理解、朗读、关于专业素质及综合素质和能力的随机问答。
录取：1.差额复试, 全日制复试比例为186.21%。
非全日制复试比例为0%。
2.录取成绩：复试成绩+“翻译硕士英语”+“英语翻译基础”的初试成绩，分方向从高到低依次录取。
复试成绩低于150分不予录取。
复试时间和地点：面试时间：2018年3月24日（星期六）上午9：00开始下午13:00 开始面试地点：后主楼 1006、1020准备室：后主楼 914复试报到：请复试学生于8:30在后主楼914集合报到。
成功录取学员：百科知识真题分享：根据语境解释字词（一个2.5分，50分）《中国文化概论》“印度数字”：在李约瑟所说的“印度数字”背后，“数值制”在中国已经存在了几千（其中数值制在往年真题中考过两次）。
生旦净末丑中生的解释。
16年考过的文章有：严琮“八备说” 里面的“三藏”：荃晓三藏，义贯两乘，不苦暗滞，其备三也；严复《天演论译列言》里面的“象寄”“尚达” ：海通以来，象寄之才，随地皆有。
求其信已大难矣，顾信矣不达，虽译犹不译也，则达尚焉。
支谦《法句经序》里面的“胡义”：老氏称：『美言不信，信言不美。
』仲尼亦云：『书不尽言，言下尽意。
2019南京师范大学英语笔译考研357英语翻译基础与448汉语写作与百科知识考试真题试卷与真题答案《2019南京师范大学448汉语写作与百科知识考研复习全析》（含真题答案）旨在帮助报考南京师范大学考研的同学通过配套的相关985、211名校真题、配套教材叶朗朱良志《中国文化读本》、袁行霈《中国文学史》的重点难点内容归纳分析，并配备相关的经典题型解读与往年真题试卷，帮助考生深入理解核心的考点内容、考试要求、考题命题特征。
通过研读演练本书，达到把握新教材、新增知识点、考研重难点的目的。
适用院系：外国语学院：英语笔译（专业学位）、英语口译（专业学位）适用科目：448 汉语写作与百科知识内容详情本书包括了以下几个部分内容：Part 1 - 考试重难点通过总结和梳理叶朗朱良志《中国文化读本》、袁行霈《中国文学史》各章节复习和考试的重难点，建构教材宏观思维及核心知识框架，浓缩精华内容，令考生对各章节内容考察情况一目了然，从而明确复习方向，提高复习效率Part 2 - 典型题与解答针对翻译硕士（MTI）汉语写作与百科知识典型题配备详细解读，以供考生加深对教材基本知识点的理解掌握，做到对考研核心考点及参考书目内在重难点内容的深度领会与运用。
Part 3 - 名校考研真题及详解汇编名校专业课考试科目真题讲解，方便考生检查自身的掌握情况及不足之处，并借此巩固记忆加深理解，培养应试技巧与解题能力。
Part 4 - 南师大历年真题与答案详解整理南师大该科目的2010-2017年考研真题，并配有2010-2016年答案详解，方便考生检查自身的掌握情况及不足之处，并借此巩固记忆加深理解，培养应试技巧与解题能力。
2010年南京师范大学448汉语写作与百科知识考研真题试卷2011年南京师范大学448汉语写作与百科知识考研真题试卷2012年南京师范大学448汉语写作与百科知识考研真题试卷2013年南京师范大学448汉语写作与百科知识考研真题试卷2014年南京师范大学448汉语写作与百科知识考研真题试卷2015年南京师范大学448汉语写作与百科知识考研真题试卷2016年南京师范大学448汉语写作与百科知识考研真题试卷2017年南京师范大学448汉语写作与百科知识考研真题试卷2010年南京师范大学448汉语写作与百科知识考研真题答案解析2011年南京师范大学448汉语写作与百科知识考研真题答案解析2012年南京师范大学448汉语写作与百科知识考研真题答案解析2013年南京师范大学448汉语写作与百科知识考研真题答案解析2014年南京师范大学448汉语写作与百科知识考研真题答案解析2015年南京师范大学448汉语写作与百科知识考研真题答案解析2016年南京师范大学448汉语写作与百科知识考研真题答案解析《南师大MTI考研2010-2017年真题试卷与答案解析》211翻译硕士英语：2010-2017年真题，含2010-2016年考研真题答案解析；2010年南京师范大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题试卷2011年南京师范大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题试卷2012年南京师范大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题试卷2013年南京师范大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题试卷2014年南京师范大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题试卷2015年南京师范大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题试卷2016年南京师范大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题试卷2017年南京师范大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题试卷--------------------------------------------2010年南京师范大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题答案解析2011年南京师范大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题答案解析2012年南京师范大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题答案解析2013年南京师范大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题答案解析2014年南京师范大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题答案解析2015年南京师范大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题答案解析2016年南京师范大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题答案解析357英语翻译基础：2010-2017年真题(无11年），含2010-2016年考研真题答案解析；2010年南京师范大学357英语翻译基础考研真题试卷2012年南京师范大学357英语翻译基础考研真题试卷2013年南京师范大学357英语翻译基础考研真题试卷2014年南京师范大学357英语翻译基础考研真题试卷2015年南京师范大学357英语翻译基础考研真题试卷2016年南京师范大学357英语翻译基础考研真题试卷2017年南京师范大学357英语翻译基础考研真题试卷----------------------------------------------2010年南京师范大学357英语翻译基础考研真题答案解析2012年南京师范大学357英语翻译基础考研真题答案解析2013年南京师范大学357英语翻译基础考研真题答案解析2014年南京师范大学357英语翻译基础考研真题答案解析2015年南京师范大学357英语翻译基础考研真题答案解析2016年南京师范大学357英语翻译基础考研真题答案解析本资料由仙林南师大考研网发布。
[2019初试真题回忆] 2019年首都师范大学英语翻译硕士初试真题回忆一、翻译硕士英语：20个单选题（词汇辨析，同义词替换，语法题—单选风格有点倾向于catti风格）；阅读题五篇，题量30翻译题，英译汉➕汉译英各一篇小短文；作文，词数减少了，题目和翻译相关。
二、翻译基础：词汇英汉互译，（多和社会相关）social bankruptcy，转基因食品全民公投，贸易逆差，公益旅游，试点工程，扫码打赏，时代先锋，产学研一体化，网红，云计算，诚信建设，self-employed economy，grassroot campaign，扫码打赏等英译汉句子10个汉译英8个句子三、百科和汉语写作：选择题单选×30中国古代最发达的学问哪一个不是竹林七贤那个皇帝让郑和下西洋欧阳修的一句诗因改革被扁两次的王安石哪一本不是玄学的起源著作中国戏曲真正成熟的标志宋元时期的科学家代表最早的药学经典将语言学与心理学联系起来的是闻一多的三美支谦的句法经序英国有个最古老的故事起源于丹麦罗马人入侵英国没有带来1974年因丑闻被弹劾的美国总统独立宣言的起草人美国最小的洲密歇根州最大的城市英国的行政权在内阁赛珍珠詹姆士王译本阿波罗与达芙妮被称为诗人中的诗人李世民杀死李建成改国号最大的淡水湖索福克罗斯的代表作泰戈尔诺贝尔奖作品自由女神像是哪国送给美国的名词解释（玄奘，林纾，能指和所指，翻译腔【并举例说明】，尤金奈达）应用文写作（作为研究生会主席至研究生一年级的欢迎辞）大作文（翻译相关）译者在翻译活动中的作用。
