下载文档原格式
上海崇明县2013年高三模拟考试试卷语文考试时间150分钟。
试卷满分150分。
一、阅读（80分）（一）阅读下文，完成第1—6题。
（16分）马铃薯的文学缘王干①似乎，每个地方的马铃薯的味道都是不一样的。
它在什么地方生长，就和那个地方的气息融到了一起，然后变异，因而马铃薯的品种之多，让植物学家们为之挠头。
②山东叫地蛋，云贵称洋芋，广西叫番鬼慈薯，山西叫山药蛋，安徽又叫地瓜，东北各省多称土豆，广东人叫薯仔。
我的家乡在苏北泰州，和上海人一样叫它洋山芋，我们把红薯叫山芋，马铃薯是舶来品，加“洋”前缀，自然。
国外怎么称呼它，我现在无力去考证，但按照马铃薯随性生长的适应能力，它在国外也会有其它的叫法。
③1978年我开始接触现代文学史，知道两个着名的文学流派，一个是山药蛋派，一个是荷花淀派，荷花淀派以为代表，山药蛋派以赵树理为代表。
他们的出现改变了现代文学史的农民形象，尤其是赵树理的一系列小说给我们塑造了一些欢乐的喜剧农民形象，比如小二黑，和鲁迅笔下的闰土、祥林嫂、阿Q是不一样的。
赵树理的出现改变了现代文学的生态，原先在启蒙者笔下被启蒙的农民，有了喜悦的表情，有了正面的时刻。
很喜欢山药蛋派的质朴和诙谐，但不知山药蛋是什么样的植物，满以为山药蛋也与荷花一样招人怜爱，等有人告诉我山药蛋就是土里土气的土豆，就是长相笨笨的马铃薯，还是有些失望的，但现在想来，当年为山药蛋派命名的人真是有才，山药蛋的质朴、深厚、皮实、实用，和赵树理的小说太吻合了。
④后来又在汪曾祺的文章里读到了马铃薯，他在一篇题为《马铃薯》的散文里，写到他与马铃薯的故事，老先生被打成右派后下放到张家口的沙岭子农科所，居然画成了一本《中国马铃薯图谱》。
汪先生对马铃薯充满感情，他说：“我对马铃薯的科研工作有过一点很小的贡献：马铃薯的花都是没有香味的。
我发现有一种马铃薯，‘麻土豆’的花，却是香的。
我告诉研究站的研究人员，他们都很惊奇：‘是吗——真的！我们搞了那么多年马铃薯，还没有发现。
高考语文一模试卷一、选择题（本大题共2小题，共6.0分）1.他乡偶遇多年未见好友，以下句子最适合．．．表达此时情感的一项是（）A. 人生若只如初见，何事秋风悲画扇B. 人生所贵在知己，四海相逢骨肉亲C. 鱼沈雁杳天涯路，始信人间别离苦D. 桃李春风一杯酒，江湖夜雨十年灯2.填入下面语段空白处的词句，最恰当的一项是（）其实每种学问都有长久的历史，_____，提出过种种不同的解答，你必须明白这些经过，才可以利用前人的收获，免得绕弯子甚至于走错路。
A. 许多人都曾经思虑过、讨论过其中每一个问题B. 其中每一个问题曾经许多人都思虑过，讨论过C. 其中每一个问题都曾经许多人思虑过，讨论过D. 许多人对其中每一个问题都曾思虑过，讨论过二、默写（本大题共1小题，共8.0分）3.按要求填空。
（1）______，双照泪痕干。
（杜甫《月夜》）（2）不应有恨，______？（苏轼《______》）（3）王夫之《姜寨诗话》说：“以乐景写哀，以哀景写乐，一倍增其哀乐”《诗经。
采薇》中“以哀景写乐”的两句是“______，______”。
三、诗歌鉴赏（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）4.阅读下面的作品，完成下列各题。
苏秀道中，自七月二十五日大雨三日，秋苗以苏，喜雨有作宋代曾几一夕骄阳转作霖，梦回凉冷润衣襟。
不愁屋漏床床湿，且喜溪流岸岸深：千里稻花应秀色，五更桐叶最佳音。
无田似我犹欣舞，何况田间望岁心！（1）从体裁看，本诗属于______。
（2）下列各项对本诗风格评价恰当的一项是______A．激越高亢B．轻快自然C．平易俗白D．清婉秀丽（3）古代诗歌里，秋夜听雨打梧桐往往营造失眠愁闷的境界。
本诗却旧调翻新，拓宽诗境，试结合全诗作简要赏析。
四、现代文阅读（本大题共2小题，共60.0分）5.阅读下文，完成下列各题。
文学社会学的“摆渡”罗时进①中国古代诗文，从先秦到唐宋是各种文体的萌生、成长、形成阶段；明清诗文自然也有成长，甚至出现显性的发展，但这种发展是与回溯、总结相伴的。
2013届高三语文一模试卷2012学年长宁区第一学期高三语文期终抽测试卷（一模）一阅读（80分）（一）阅读下文，完成1-6题。
（16分）谈十字街头朱光潜朋友：①岁暮天寒，得暇便围炉嘘烟遐想。
今日偶然想到日本厨川白村的《出了象牙之塔》和《走向十字街头》两部书，觉得命名大可玩味。
玩味之余，不觉发生一种反感。
②“走向十字街头”有两种解释。
从前学士大夫好以清高名贵相尚，所以力求与世绝缘，冥心孤往。
但是闭户读书的成就总难免空疏虚伪。
近代哲学与文艺都逐渐趋向写实，于是大家都极力提倡与现实生活接触。
学术思想是天下公物，须得流布人间，以求雅俗共赏。
莫里斯和托尔斯泰所主张的艺术民众化，爱迪生所谓把哲学从课室图书馆搬到茶寮客座。
这两种意义都含有极大的真理。
可是在这“德漠克拉西”（民主政治）呼声极高的时代，大家总不免忘记关于十字街头的另一面真理。
③十字街头的空气中究竟含有许多腐败剂，学术思想出了象牙之塔到了十字街头以后，一般化的结果常不免流为俗化。
昨日的殉道者，今日或成为市场偶像，而真纯面目便不免因之污损了。
到了市场而不成为偶像，成偶像而不至于破落，都是很难的事。
老庄经过流俗化以后，其结果乃为白云观以静坐骗铜子的道士。
易学经过流俗化以后，其结果乃为街头摆摊卖卜的江湖客。
④寂居文艺之宫，固然会像不流通的清水，终久要变成污浊恶臭的。
可是十字街头的叫嚣，十字街头的尘粪，十字街头的挤眉弄眼，都处处引诱你汩没自我。
名利声势虚伪刻薄肤浅欺侮等等字样，听起来多么刺耳朵，实际上谁能摆脱得净尽？所以站在十字街头的人们尤其是我们青年要时时戒备十字街头的危险，要时时回首瞻顾象牙之塔。
⑤十字街头上握有最大权威的是习俗。
习俗有两种，一为传说，一为时尚。
传说尊旧，时尚趋新，新旧虽不同，而盲从附和，不假思索，则根本无二致。
要打破一种习俗不是一件易事。
打破习俗，你须以一二人之力，抵抗千万人之惰力，所以非有雷霆万钧的力量不可。
因此，习俗的背叛者比习俗的顺从者较为难能可贵，从历史看社会进化，都是靠着几个站在十字街头而能向十字街头宣战的人。
2013年上海市各区（县）高三年级第一学期期末质量抽查试卷（一模）语文试卷选编（作文题目与分析部分）目录普陀区 (2)杨浦区 (2)长宁区 (2)闵行区 (3)嘉定区 (3)虹口区 (4)松江区 (4)浦东新区 (5)徐汇区 (5)宝山区 (6)金山区 (6)静安区 (7)闸北区 (7)黄浦区 (8)崇明县 (8)青浦区 (9)奉贤区 (9)第 1 页共10 页普陀区【题目】29、根据下面材料，选取一个角度展开联想，自拟题目，写一篇不少于800字的文章（不要写成诗歌)。
一个英国小伙子，参加“非诚勿扰"节目，女问：有房吗？婚后跟谁住？答：上世纪老房子；跟家人一起住。
数灯熄灭,女方又问：你什么工作?答：大兵。
剩一盏灯，最后女问:结婚有宝马车吗?答:奶奶不同意,一般用马车。
灭灯。
隔天，《泰晤士报》头版:我皇室成员哈利王子参加“非诚勿扰”，首轮即遭淘汰。
杨浦区【题目】近来，一些民国时期的小学生作文受到热捧。
有一篇《公平的太阳》写道:“天上的太阳，一天到晚放出了温暖的光,照耀着一切的人物,不论有钱的，没钱的，都受到它的恩惠.”有人评价其具有深刻的人文素养。
还有《蟋蟀》一文:“玩者利用蟋蟀之手以为博，而蟋蟀不自知，胜则欣欣而喜，败者泱泱而恨。
”评论道：作文流露出一派天真自然的童趣,遣词造句古朴智慧温雅。
也有专家认为一味地厚古薄今是没有意义的。
现在的小学生不在民国的语境里生活，而现在的小学生信息量更大，知识面更广，没有必要向民国小学生学习作文法。
根据上述材料,自选一个角度,写一篇文章，题目自拟.要求：①不少于800字;②不要写成诗歌;③不要透露个人相关信息。
【参考分析】可以赞同推崇民国小学生文风的观点，也可以赞同专家“没必要厚古薄今”的观点。
赞同前者的，着力点应放在“作文真诚”的基点上.民国时期的孩子思想单纯，语言质朴，想什么就写什么.而现代物质生活丰富，孩子们的作文,也许少了他们这个年龄段应该有的童趣，追求写作手法，华丽的辞藻，冗长的排比句等等，变得形式，缺少真性情。
2012学年高三第一次六校联考(2012.12)语文试卷（东昌中学、卢湾中学、光明中学、北虹中学、六十中学、同济二附中）一、阅读下文，完成1——6题。
（17分）怀疑和想象是创新的前提葛剑雄①人类认识世界——无论是精神的还是物质的——是一个漫长而无限的过程，在此过程中积累了极其丰富的知识，形成了错综复杂的观念和理论。
稍有哲学常识的人都明白，这些知识、观念和理论绝不是完美无缺的，其中一部分本身就是谬误，有的是建立在谬误的基础上的。
（）至今仍被认为无懈可击的，（）只是相对真理，只能在一定的时间和空间中保持其正确性。
如果没有人对它们提出怀疑和挑战，是不会进步和完善的。
怀疑不一定正确，但排除怀疑的过程却必不可少。
如果怀疑被证明为错误，实际上是更巩固了原来的知识、观念或理论。
反之，如果怀疑被证实为正确，那就意味着原来的知识、观念或理论存在局部或整体的谬误，或者需要修正或完善，或者必须完全否定或清除。
无论如何，都为新的知识、观念或理论的出现提供了条件。
我们称某一真理为“颠扑不破”或“战无不胜”，就表明它不害怕被怀疑，经得起怀疑，并且能在不断的怀疑中坚持其主体部分，同时在局部得到经常性的修正与完善。
任何不允许怀疑的事物，并不能表明它的正确，恰恰显示了它的虚弱．．。
实际上连它的持有者和拥护者心里都明白，它是经不起怀疑的，更害怕受到挑战。
②创新的途径很多，但无非是两个方面：一是否定或破坏旧有的，一是在空白的基础上建立新的。
前者不能完全脱离旧有的，后者却能凭空产生崭新的。
所谓凭空，并非没有实际基础，或者不符合客观条件，只是人们此前尚未认识或拥有。
这就需要想象，想象力越丰富越好。
想象力可以来自个人的天赋和灵感，也可以出于对被当作天经地义的规律或真理的突破或颠覆。
多数想象一时无法成为现实，甚至永远无法证实，但在想象和求证的过程中形成了大量新的成果。
一部分想象纯属胡思乱想，或者被证实是谬误。
但只要有一小部分想象产生效果，就能带来人类社会的飞跃。
A. Choose the best answer（根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案）:（12分）What was school like in ancient times? In Greece, 2,500 years ago, students used to get up at dawn to go to school. Classes began very early and ended when it was dark. Students didn’t rest on the weekends. They had classes seven days a week, so they didn’t have much time for anything else. In Athens, only the sons of rich people went to school, and they started school around the age of seven. After they learned to read and write, they used to study Greek poems and historical works. Music was very important, and physical training was also important. Teachers used to hit students who didn’t pay attention or were lazy. Girls stayed at home with their mothers and learned how to do housework in the home.In ancient Rome, boys and girls from wealthy families received a bilingual (双语) education. They had to study Greek and Latin. Students usually had classes outside, if the weather was good, or in the teacher’s house. Young students sat on the floor. Older students u sed to sit on benches, higher up. That’s how “high school” got its name.Education was very important to the ancient Aztecs of Mexico. Boys and girls used to attend school, but they were kept in different classes. They learned Aztec history, myths, and rituals, but they memorized(记住) everything because there weren’t any textbooks. The boys received intensive military training, and the girls learned how to manage the home and the family. There were two kinds of schools: one for children of rich families and another for children of ordinary families.74. We know from the first paragraph that in ancient Greece.A) classes began very late B) students went to school very lateC) classes ended very early D) students had to study at the weekends75. What was school like in ancient Athens?A) The students didn’t study Greek poems.B) There were no girl students at schools.C) There were no music lessons at schools.D) The students started school at the age of ten.76. The students didn’t learn ho w at schools in ancient Athens.A) to read B) to write C) to enjoy music D) to do housework77. The second paragraph tells us that .A) older students used to sit on benchesB) only young students had classes outsideC) only boys received a bilingual educationD) girls didn’t have to study Greek and Latin78. Which of the following is NOT true according to the third paragraph?A) Boys and girls were kept in different classes at schools.B) Students learned Aztec history, myths, and rituals at school.C) Boys and girls both received intensive military training.D) Students had to have good memory because they had no textbooks.79. Which of the following might be the best title for this passage?A) Schools in Ancient Times B) Greek Poems and MusicC) Bilingual Education in Rome D) Schools in Ancient MexicoB. Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage（选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文）:（12分）At the beginning of the twentieth century, traffic in big cities such as New York and London became very busy. Carriages, horses, and bikes rushed in every direction (方向), and then they were80 by the newest toy of the rich people, the “automobiles(汽车).”In those days, crossing a street used to be a real challenge for people walking. There were no 81 for drivers. The New York Police Department had to create a special group of policemen to control traffic. Police officers stood at crossroads and tried to direct the traffic, but very often they were run over by vehicles(车辆). By 1912, New York City had 38,000 motor vehicles. 82 had to be done about all the traffic on the streets!In 1916, the first traffic tower was 83 in New York, at the crossroads of Fifth Avenue and 42nd Street. A traffic officer controlled three 500-watt lamps. They were 40 centimeters in diameter, and they were red, yellow, and green. However, at the time, red 84 traffic in all directions had to stop, yellow stopped only east-west traffic, and green stopped only north-south traffic. This was very confusing, so in 1924 the city adopted (采用) the system used in railroads: red for stop, green for go, and yellow for slow. This system became standard all over the world.The first automatic traffic lights came into use in Wolverhampton, England, in 1927. Today computers control traffic lights, and road conditions are much better than they used to be. The only85 is when there is a power cut. The result is often confusion on the streets because the traffic lights don’t work.80. A) joined B) seen C) played D) built81. A) roads B) rules C) jobs D) seats82. A) Nothing B) Everything C) Anything D) Something83. A) put off B) put out C) put up D) put on84. A) stopped B) controlled C) made D) meant85. A) chance B) problem C) answer D) advantageC. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给）:（14分）Do you want to be an online student? It is important to remember that online education is not right for everyone.On your timeOne of the b 86 advantages of online classes is that you are able to enter your classroom when it is convenient for you. Do you work all day? Then you can log on (登录) to your class in the evening or at the weekend. Are you an early riser? You can log on to your class in the early morningh 87 . Your virtual (虚拟的) classroom is open around the clock, seven days a week.The teacher’s lectureIn an online classroom your teacher’s lecture is written rather than s 88 . There are several advantages. The online classroom is completely different from the real one. If you can’t remember what your teacher said, all you have to do is to reread his or her lecture. In most cases you will be able to get a copy of the lecture. You will be able to review your teacher’s lecture w89 even getting online again.Students’ i nteractionOnline students may find it d 90 to talk with each other face to face. T 91 discussion forums (论坛) and chat rooms provide some ways for student interaction, they do not provide the social connection of an on-campus class.We have to say, the disadvantages to be an online student are clear. For example, the teachers can’t help you face to face. They won’t praise your work orally (口头).An advantage is the fact that some students are shy. They are more willing to speak out their ideas on the discussion forum and are usually more l 92 to ask their teacher a question by email. They will feel more comfortable with this online interaction.D. Answer the questions（根据短文内容回答下列问题）:（12分）Years ago, I lived in a building in a large city. The building next door was only a few feet away from mine. There was a woman who lived there, whom I had never met , yet I could see her seated by her window each afternoon, sewing or reading.After several months had gone by, I began to notice that her window was dirty. Everything seen through the dirty window was unclear. I would say to myself, “I wonder why that woman doesn’t wash her window. It really looks terrible.”One bright morning I decided to clean my flat, including washing the window on the inside.Late in the afternoon when I finished the cleaning, I sat down by the window with a cup of coffee for a rest. What a surprise! Across the way, the woman sitting by her window was clearly visible (看得见的). Her window was clean!Then I realized that I had been criticizing(批评) her dirty window, but all the time I was watching her window through my own dirty window.That was quite an important lesson for me. How often had I looked at and criticized others through the dirty window of my heart, through my own shortcoming?Since then, whenever I want to judge someone, I will ask myself first, “Am I looking at him through my own dirty window?”Then I try to clean the window of my own world so that I may see the world about me more clearly.93. How far away was the building next door from the writer’s ?94. What was the woman doing each afternoon?95. Why did the writer think that the woman should wash her window?96. When did the writer find that the woman’s window was clean?97. The writer learned an important lesson from it, didn’t he ?98. What can you learn from this story?VI.A: 74D 75B 76D 77A 78C 79AB: 80A 81B 82D 83C 84D 85BC: 86. biggest 87. hours 88. spoken 89. without 90. difficult 91. Though92. likelyD:93.Only a few feet away.94.(She was) sewing or reading.95.Because everything seen through the dirty (the woman’s )window was unclear./ Because thewriter thought the woman’s window was dirty.96.After he finished cleaning (his window) one afternoon.97.Yes, he did.98.Any reasonable answers will be accepted. ( We should clean the window of our own world sothat we may see the world around us more clearly./ Don’t look at anyone or anything through my own dirty window. …)。
2012——2013学年度高三上学期期末测试语文试题答案一、1、D（A．高丽．（lí）发横．（hèng）财 B、晕．（yùn）车 C．珐．（fà）琅）2. B （A. 亲和力洋洋洒洒攻城略地 C. 赋予分庭抗礼 D、奉为圭臬）3、D（D长袖善舞：多用来形容有财有势、有手腕的人善于钻营取巧。
A项，从长计议：放宽时间慢慢商量考虑，指不急于作决定，也指慢慢设法解决。
应改为“从长远考虑”。
B项，吉光片羽：比喻残存的珍贵的文物。
C项，不绝如缕：形容局面危急或者声音、气息等低沉微弱、时断时续。
）4.C （A、第二个“？”改为“，” B、“两高一资” (高污染、高能耗、资源消耗型) 行业D、以“回到……”为题）5.B（A赘余，去掉“因为”；C表意不明，“这”指代不明，造成歧义；D搭配不当，把“加强”改为“扩大”。
）二、6.B(B项中的“莫言获奖缓解了当代中国作家的认同性焦虑……”说法与文章表述“在一定程度上……”不符合。
)7.C（C项中的“莫言获奖证明了……”的说法不符合原文，原文“文学要关心、关怀当下中国人的生活方式的文学作品……应该具有普世的价值”，并非是莫言获奖证明了这句话。
）8.D（D项中的“文学必将不会走入读者的内心世界”表述过于绝对，原文是“导致文学难以走入……”）三、A（特，只，仅仅）9.C（均表示承接。
A项因为，以致；B项趁着，通过；D项原来是，表转折）11. A （③是宋太祖劝解兵权的委婉之词⑥是说赵普善用《论语》治政）12. A（错在“经过功臣的家门但不进去”，应为“探访功臣的家，不可预测”。
）13.．（1）陛下认为天下狭小吗？向南北(方向)征讨，现在正是时候。
（2）（石、王等）都拜了两拜说：“陛下顾念我们到这种程度，这就是所说的使死人复生、使白骨长肉啊。
”（3）刑法是用来惩治罪恶的，赏赐是用来酬谢有功之人的，这是古往今来共同的道理。
14．（1）比喻、夸张、想象。
语文试题本试题卷分第I卷(阅读题)和第11卷(表达题)两部分。
考生作答时，将答案答在答题卡上，在本试题卷上答题无效。
第I卷阅读题甲必考题一、现代文阅读(9分，第小题3分)敬畏伦理与和谐社会①在中国，“伦”、“理”二字早在《尚书》《诗经》《易经》等经典中已分别出现。
大约西汉初年，人们开始广泛使用“伦理”一词，以概括人与人之间的道德规范和伦理准则。
所谓“敬畏伦理”，是指人类在面对具有必然性、神圣性的对象时所遵循的警示、规约自身言行的道德规范和伦理准则。
“敬”体现的是一种人生态度和价值追求，它促使人们“自强不息”，有所作为；“畏”显示的是一种警示的界限和自省的智慧，它告诫人类应“厚德载物”，有所不为。
②某种意义上说，“伦理”内在地包蕴着“畏惧”的内涵，敬畏伦理是在人类特有的敬畏感基础上产生的一种最基本的道德规范。
敬畏感不是与生俱来的自发情感，即是说它不是单纯依附在人与动物身上的自发的畏惧或恐惧的感觉，而是在社会中培养的人性情感。
它是社会、文化、历史的产物，是一切善恶观念的基础。
敬畏感也不是固定不变的，而是始终处于生成性过程之中。
敬畏感不是愚昧、猥琐的代名词，而是人类拥有伦理智慧的象征。
没有敬畏感的时代是野蛮的时代，没有敬畏伦理规范的社会是无序的社会。
自然规律和社会规律的客观必然性、不可抗拒性，使得人类有足够的理由去敬畏它，而不是去冒犯和亵渎它。
对必然性的认识、敬重与遵循，有利于人类的发展、社会的和谐。
③对和谐与秩序的追求是人性使然，这种追求使得人类必须对自身的言行进行约束和规范。
康德对“头上的灿烂星空、心中的道德律令”的敬畏，中国哲人对“天人合一”境界的向往、对“慎独”“敬其在己者”的崇尚，都凸显了敬畏伦理为人类自身立法的恢弘气象。
对神圣事物或力量的敬畏，不仅是人类的伦理义务和责任，而且是人类自身生命情感的内在诉求。
④在人类进化的历程中，敬畏伦理警示着人们的思想，规范着人们的行为，是人类培养理想人格、安身立命的根本，从而对自然的合理演化、社会的有序发展、人类的文明进化起着积极的作用。
