Mary Ellen Richmond

绝望主妇艾琳：美国第一女连环杀手-教育心理学论文绝望主妇艾琳：美国第一女连环杀手晓云／文罪犯档案出生地点：美国德克萨斯州出生日期：1956年8月27日去世日期：2001年被执行死刑杀人数目：7人杀人方法：枪杀杀人时间：1989年至1990年定罪日期：1991年2月有关影视：电影《女魔头》、电视剧《杀人魔女——艾琳的故事》在那声名狼藉的女杀人狂坚硬的外壳底下，有没有藏着一颗破碎而敏感的心灵？艾琳·乌尔诺斯，美国最骇人听闻的女性连环杀手，一年之内连夺7人性命，而且使用一支并不常见的手枪——这是女性杀手并不常见的作案手法。

并且，与很多杀人时心狠手辣、被捕后贪生怕死的杀人犯不同，艾琳被捕之后，赶走辩护律师，主动上诉，只求速死。

如此坚硬的外表下，却隐藏着令人心碎的凄凉身世：童年被弃，少女妈妈，早婚离异，伤人坐牢，公路妓女，不幸如影随形，一样不落。

最终，为了养活同性恋人莫尔，走上了杀人抢劫的不归路。

2004年，好莱坞女明星查理兹·塞隆主演了根据艾琳生平改编的电影《女魔头》，因其残酷的精彩，获得奥斯卡小金人，也算为艾琳凄凉残酷的人生，添了一个好莱坞式的结局。

破碎童年并不是所有经历不幸童年的人，长大都会成为变态杀手，但所有变恋杀手无疑都有过不幸的童年。

童年的不幸，是一生不幸的开始。

艾琳的不幸，在呱呱坠地两个月时就降临了。

父亲是个行为不端的酒鬼，一次酒后乱性，强奸了一名7岁女童，蹲了大牢。

柔弱的母亲不堪经济和精神双重压力，苦熬了4年，终于离家出走，剩下了4岁的艾琳和6岁的哥哥凯斯，以及四壁空空的家。

幸好，慈爱的爷爷奶奶收留了兄妹俩，幼小的艾琳总算过上了安稳的生活。

爷爷痛恨儿子的行径，生怕孙子步了后尘，对艾琳兄妹管教严厉，不近人情。

每每挨罚，世上唯有奶奶温暖的怀抱，是她惟一的庇护所。

物极必反，何况像艾琳兄妹这样从小没爹撒野惯了的孩子，他们总是换着花样暗地里对抗爷爷。

为了让兄妹俩健康成长，爷爷奶奶对儿子的事一直守口如瓶。

她是一名法国女演员用英语读写作文全文共6篇示例，供读者参考篇1My Favorite French ActressI love movies and TV shows! My favorite actress is a famous French lady named Juliette Binoche. She's really pretty with long brown hair and big green eyes. Juliette is super talented too - she has won lots of fancy awards like an Academy Award and a British Academy Film Award. How cool is that?Even though Juliette was born in Paris, France, she can speak English really well. I think that's so impressive because English is a hard language to learn, especially all the weird spelling and pronunciation rules we have. Juliette worked really hard to get good at English by reading books, watching movies, and practicing conversation. Now she can do interviews, accept awards, and even read and write whole essays or scripts in English!My favorite Juliette Binoche movie is "Chocolat" from 2000. Juliette plays a lady named Vianne who moves to a small French village with her daughter and opens a chocolate shop. At first,the people in the town are mean to Vianne because they think she's weird and different. But Vianne is so nice and her chocolates are so delicious that she starts to make friends. By the end of the movie, she helps the whole town become nicer and happier.I love "Chocolat" because the story has funny parts, sad parts, happy parts and even a little magic! The characters are interesting and Juliette does such a wonderful job playing Vianne. Her performance makes me feel lots of emotions when I watch the movie. Sometimes I get tears in my eyes and other times I can't stop giggling at the silly scenes.What I think is really cool about Juliette Binoche is that she isn't just a great actress, but she's also a talented writer and artist. Juliette has written books of her own, including a book of paintings she did called "Portraits Word by Word." For that book, she painted a picture of somebody and then wrote a short essay or story to go with each artwork. Juliette did all the writing, drawings, and paintings herself which is just amazing to me.I really admire people who are good at creative stuff like writing, painting, and acting. I try to write stories and poems sometimes, but it's not easy! You have to pick exactly the right words to express your thoughts and feelings. And rememberingall the grammar rules for English composition like where to put commas, apostrophes, quotation marks, and other punctuation is so hard. Not to mention avoiding run-on sentences, using vivid descriptions, having a clear narrative structure... the list goes on and on!But Juliette makes it all seem effortless when she writes her books and essays in English. Her writing is always beautiful with carefully chosen words that paint a picture in your mind. Her descriptions are so vivid and powerful whether she's writing about a person, a place, an object, or an emotion. You can tell Juliette thinks deeply and has a rich inner life that comes through in her writing. She's able to capture all the subtle details and find just the right way to express her perspective.I'm sure writing essays and even whole books in English is extremely challenging for Juliette since French is her native language. But you'd never be able to tell by reading her work - her English is perfect! She has total mastery over vocabulary, grammar, style, and artfully combining words into beautiful phrases and sentences. I can only dream of being as talented a writer as Juliette one day.In the meantime, I'll keep practicing my English reading, writing, and communication skills. And I'll keep admiring andlearning from great artists like Juliette Binoche who can act, paint, and write with equal excellence in both French and English. She's living proof that with enough hard work, passion, and dedication, you can become brilliant in multiple languages and art forms. I hope I can be at least half as accomplished and creative as the one-and-only Juliette when I grow up!篇2My Favorite French Actress Writes in English!You guys won't believe who my favorite actress is! Her name is Léa Seydoux and she's from Paris, France. I know, I know, she's French. But get this - she can read and write in English too! How cool is that?I first saw Léa in this really awesome movie called The Grand Budapest Hotel. It's about this crazy hotel and all the funny people who work there and stay there. Léa plays this rebellious character named Clotilde who doesn't follow any of the rules. She was hilarious!After watching that movie, I had to learn more about Léa Seydoux. I looked her up online and found out she's been in a ton of other great films too, like Mission: Impossible - GhostProtocol, Spectre (she was a Bond girl!), and The Lobster. I've watched almost all of her movies now.But what I think is the most amazing thing about Léa is that even though she's French and her first language is French, she's totally fluent in English too. Can you imagine learning to speak, read, and write in a completely different language than the one you grew up with? I'm still struggling with long division in math class - I can't even fathom trying to master English if it wasn't my native tongue!From interviews I've seen and read, it's clear Léa had to work incredibly hard to become so great at English. When she was a teenager, she spent a bunch of time living in England to really immerse herself in the language. She took intensive English classes and practiced conversing as much as possible.Even after doing all that, Léa says she still has to put in a ton of effort to properly learn her lines and deliveries forEnglish-speaking roles. She reads through her scripts again and again, schooling herself on the precise meanings, intonations, and cultural contexts of every single word and phrase. It's such a laborious process, but her dedication has seriously paid off.Whenever I watch Léa act in an English mo vie or show, I'm always blown away by how natural she sounds. You'd never beable to tell English isn't her first language if you didn't already know she was French. Her accents and inflections are always spot-on, and she nails even the trickiest idioms and slang.Not only is her spoken English impeccable, but Léa is also a talented writer in the language. She has published volumes of poetry and prose poetry in English, displaying an artful command over the nuances of English vocabulary, grammar, and literary devices. It's just mind-boggling to me that someone can reach that level of mastery over a non-native language through sheer hard work and commitment.What Léa has accomplished makes me feel inspired to study extra hard and never give up when things get difficult. If she could put in the blood, sweat, and tears to become a true English polyglot on top of being a world-famous actress, then I have no excuses for not powering through long division!Léa Seydoux is such a multi-talented, driven person. She's a brilliant actress with a gift for totally immersing herself in any role, no matter what language it's in. She's a prolific writer who can paint pictures with the English language as vividly as any native speaker. But most of all, to me, she's proof that with enough passion and perseverance, anything is possible. Mercibeaucoup, Léa, for showing the world that language barriers can be overcome!篇3My Favorite French ActressHi everyone! Today I want to tell you about my favorite actress. Her name is Marion Cotillard and she's from France. She's super pretty with her curly brown hair and big brown eyes. Even though she's French, she can speak English really well. I love watching her movies and listening to her interviews in English!Marion was born in Paris in 1975. She started acting as a kid, first on stage and then in TV shows and movies when she was a teenager. Can you imagine being a famous actress when you're still in school? I'd be so nervous having to act in front of cameras and audiences! But Marion was really good at it from a young age.One of the first big movies she was in was called Taxi in 1998. It was a comedy about a taxi driver who has to help the police catch some bad guys. Marion played the girlfriend of one of the main characters. After that, she kept getting bigger and better roles in all kinds of different French movies.In 2003, she starred in a movie called Love Me If You Dare. This romantic drama was mostly in French, but parts of it were in English too. I watched it with subtitles and thought Marion was amazing! She could switch between the two languages so smoothly. Her English was perfect. I hope I can learn to speak English as well as she does someday.Marion's big breakthrough came in 2007 when she starred in the movie La Vie en Rose. This was a biographical film about the famous French singer Edith Piaf. Marion totally transformed herself to play Edith - she had to lose a lot of weight, change her hair and makeup, and perfect Edith's singing voice too. It was an incredible performance and she won lots of awards for it, including the Oscar for Best Actress! Winning an Oscar is like the highest honor you can get as an actress. I was so proud of her, even though I was just a little kid at the time.Since then, Marion has acted in tons of great English and French movies. Some of my favorites are Public Enemies, Inception, Midnight in Paris, and Allied. She's worked with so many famous directors and actors from all over the world. No matter what language the movie is in, Marion always gives an amazing, believable performance.I especially love that Marion does her own voice acting for animated movies too, like for the French and English versions of the movies based on the Fables comic books. I'm in awe of how talented she is to be able to act in cartoons in multiple languages!I don't know many other actresses who can do that.When I watch interviews with Marion, I'm impressed by how well-spoken and intelligent she seems. Even though English isn't her first language, she's incredible at giving articulate, thoughtful answers about her movies, her acting process, and lots of other topics. You can tell she's very passionate about her craft.Marion is not only a great actress, but also an activist who cares about the environment and women's rights. She's been involved with eco-friendly companies and charities that empower women and girls around the world. I admire that she uses her fame to try to make a positive difference.I aspire to be just like Marion Cotillard when I grow up - a talented performer who can excel in multiple languages, an intelligent voice for important causes, and someone who works hard to achieve their dreams no matter where they're from. She's shown that you can conquer the world and be a shining success even if you're just a girl from France.If you haven't seen any of her movies yet, I highly recommend watching them! Whether it's in French, English or another language, Marion Cotillard's incredible acting ability will blow you away. I'll always be her biggest fan!篇4A French Lady Who Talks and Writes in EnglishMy name is Marie and I'm going to tell you about this really cool French lady I learned about. Her name is Marion Cotillard and she's a famous actress from France. But the neat thing is, even though she's from France, she writes and reads all her essays and stories in English! Isn't that crazy?Marion was born in Paris in 1975. That's in France, which is a country over in Europe. When she was little, her parents were both actors and they performed in plays at a theater. So Marion grew up backstage at the theater watching her mom and dad act. She thought it was the coolest thing ever and she knew she wanted to be an actress too when she got older.Even though Marion's first language was French since she's from France, her parents made sure she learned English too when she was a kid. They wanted her to be able to speak andunderstand English really well. I think that was very smart of them because look how it helped Marion later on!When Marion was a teenager, she went to acting classes and learned all about how to be a good actress. She was already used to being up on stage from watching her parents' plays over the years. Marion started getting some small roles on TV shows and movies in France when she was in her late teens and early 20s. She was really working hard to become a famous actress.The Big BreakThen one day, Marion got her big break. In 1998 when she was 23 years old, she was cast as one of the lead roles in a French movie called Taxi. The movie was a huge hit in France and made lots of money. After that, Marion became a very famous actress in her home country.But Marion didn't just want to be famous in France. Since she could speak, read, and write English so well, she decided she wanted to become a big star in American movies too! So in the early 2000s, Marion started auditioning for roles inEnglish-language films made in the United States and other countries.Her first big English movie was called A Good Year in 2006. It was set in France but filmed in English with actors from the U.S. and Britain. Marion played one of the lead roles and got to show off her impressive English skills. The movie did well and kicked off her career in Hollywood.Two Oscars!Over the next few years, Marion kept getting cast in more and more major American movies. She starred in films like Public Enemies, Inception, The Dark Knight Rises, and lots of others. Her English was perfect and no one could even tell she was from France originally!Then in 2008, Marion won the biggest award an actress can get - the Oscar! She won the Academy Award for Best Actress for her role in the movie La Vie en Rose where she played famous French singer Edith Piaf. For that movie, Marion had to learn to sing like Edith Piaf and perform all the singing scenes herself. It was an incredibly challenging role but Marion's talent and hard work paid off with the Oscar win.But get this - Marion liked writing and reading essays in English so much that she chose to write and deliver her Oscar acceptance speech in perfect English! Can you imagine? There she was, this actress from France, winning an American awardand giving a speech in English in front of millions of people watching around the world. She rocked it!And Marion's magical run didn't stop there. In 2015, she won a second Oscar for the movie Two Days, One Night where she played a factory worker. Once again, she wrote and delivered her acceptance speech in English. At this point, she was equally famous in English-speaking countries like the U.S. as she was in France.Writing RoutineNowadays, Marion does a lot of writing herself when she's not acting. But even though she's French, she always writes in English. She finds it easier to express her deepest thoughts and emotions in the English language rather than her native French.Marion sets aside time every day to write in her journals or work on short stories and essays, all in English. When she travels for work to places like Hollywood or New York, she loves going to cozy coffee shops with her laptop to write for hours. Watching her sitting there typing away while sipping coffee, you'd never guess this talented writer was originally from France!When Marion has a new movie coming out, she's often asked to write short essays about her experience making the filmor her thoughts on the story and characters. Of course, these essays and articles are all written in perfect English. Fans love reading her written insights almost as much as they love watching her performances on screen.So there you have it - the super cool story of Marion Cotillard, the French actress who writes, reads, and speaks like a pro in English. Just because you're from one country doesn't mean you have to stick to that one language, especially with writing. Marion broke through boundaries and became hugely successful writing and performing in multiple languages. She's an inspiration to actors, writers, and dreamers everywhere! How amazing is that?篇5She's a Really Cool French Actress Who Reads and Writes in English!Hi everyone! I'm going to tell you all about this really awesome French actress that I just learned about. Her name is Marion Cotillard and she's so talented! I think you'll think she's really neat too once you hear more about her.First of all, Marion is from France but she can read and write in English just as well as in French! Can you imagine being able toread books and write stories in two different languages? I can barely handle reading and writing in just English. Marion must be really smart to know multiple languages like that.Even though she was born in Paris, France in 1975, Marion started acting when she was just a kid, kind of like me! She did her first acting role on stage at a theater when she was a teenager. I thought it was really brave of her to get up on a big stage in front of a bunch of people at such a young age. I get nervous just reading out loud in class!After doing some plays in France, Marion eventually started doing movies and TV shows too. One of her very first big movie roles was in the 1998 film Taxi, which was a comedy about a young man who becomes a taxi driver. I haven't seen that one yet, but I heard it was really funny.Marion didn't just act in French movies though. She has been in lots of English language movies too! That's so impressive that she can act and say all her lines in a different language than the one she grew up speaking. Some of the big English movies she has been in are A Good Year, Public Enemies, Inception, The Dark Knight Rises, and Allied.My favorite Marion Cotillard performance is in the 2007 movie La Vie En Rose where she played Edith Piaf, who was avery famous French singer. Marion was so amazing as Edith Piaf that she won the Oscar for Best Actress! That's like the highest award an actress can get. I've watched clips of her in that movie and she completely transforms into Edith Piaf. Her singing and acting was just perfect.What's really cool about Marion is that she is gorgeous and talented, but also seems really nice and down-to-earth in interviews I've seen with her. She was in some of the biggest movies ever like The Dark Knight Rises and Inception, but she doesn't seem to have a big ego about it. Marion just seems very humble, hardworking, and focused on doing the best acting work she can.Another thing I admire about Marion Cotillard is that she is involved with environmental issues and has worked to raise awareness about things like greenhouse gas emissions and global warming. It's really great when famous people use their status to try to make the world a better place like that instead of just caring about themselves. I respect that she speaks out about important causes.I also think it's really cool how talented Marion is at crying and showing very deep emotional states in her acting roles. In that Edith Piaf movie, there are scenes where she is singing thesesad songs and crying so hard that it makes me want to cry too! Most adults can't even cry real tears easily when acting, but Marion can turn it on like a faucet. She must practice a lot to get that emotional.Overall, I just think Marion Cotillard is such an impressive actress and person. For somebody who was born in France, she has had such an amazing career working in the American movie industry too. Not only can she act incredibly well in both French and English, she seems to have a great personality from what I can tell. Marion works really hard, is beautiful, tries to make the world better, and most of all, is an extremely gifted actress.I really hope I can see more of her movies in the future! If I work hard and study a lot like Marion seems to, maybe I could be a talented performer just like her someday. Actresses like her make me excited to keep practicing my talents and never give up on my dreams. Wouldn't it be awesome if I could win an Oscar for a movie someday? That would be so cool! Thanks for reading about why I admire Marion Cotillard so much. She's the best!篇6A French Actress Who Writes and Reads in EnglishHi friends! Today I want to tell you about a really cool lady named Marion Cotillard. She's a famous actress from France, but she can write and read perfectly in English too! Isn't that amazing?Marion was born in Paris in 1975. That means she's 48 years old now. When she was just a little kid, she already knew she wanted to be an actress when she grew up. Her parents were both actors too, so I guess you could say acting was in her blood!In school, Marion studied drama and took lots of acting classes. She worked super hard because she was really passionate about becoming an actress. Her first big break came in 1994 when she had a role in one of the Ridicule movies. She was only 18 years old at the time!After that first movie, Marion just kept getting more and more popular in France. She starred in tons of French films and TV shows. People loved watching her act because she was so talented and could really become her characters.But you know what's really cool about Marion? Even though she's French and grew up speaking French, she taught herself how to write and read in English! Can you imagine trying to learn a whole new language like that? It must have been really hard. But Marion wanted to be able to act in movies in English too.Her first big English movie was called A Good Year in 2006. She played a French woman who falls in love with an English guy. Marion had to do all her lines in English for that film! I bet she was really nervous at first, but she did an awesome job. The movie was a big hit.After A Good Year, Marion kept getting roles in English movies. Her biggest role so far was in 2007 when she played Edith Piaf in the movie La Vie en Rose. Have you ever heard of Edith Piaf? She was a super famous French singer back in the day. Marion had to sing and speak in both French and English to play Edith! Her performance was so incredible that she won the Oscar for Best Actress. That's like the highest award an actress can get!These days, Marion acts in both French and English movies and TV shows. She doesn't just stop at acting though. Did you know she also writes and produces some projects too? She's like a super talented quadruple threat - acting, writing, reading, and producing!I think it's so amazing that Marion can hop between French and English like that. Imagine being able to read books, write stories, AND act in two different languages? That's some next level skills if you ask me. I have trouble enough just reading and writing in English!Marion works nonstop, but she always makes time for her favorite hobbies too. She loves singing, dancing, playing guitar, and doing environmental activism. She's not just a pretty face - she's smart and caring about the world too. What a cool role model!I really admire how dedicated Marion is to her craft. She never gave up on her dream of becoming an actress, even when it meant teaching herself a whole new language along the way. If she can learn English that well, I know I can keep working hard in school too. Who knows, maybe I'll be an actress like Marion one day! A girl can dream, right?So that's the story of Marion Cotillard - a French actress extraordinaire who can write and read in English like a pro. She's inspired me to keep reaching for my wildest dreams, no matter how impossible they might seem. If Marion can do it, why can't I? Let's give it our best effort, friends!。

The One Where Dr. Remore Dies Originally written by ???.Transcribed by Josh Hodge.218 瑞摩瑞医生之死钱德的室友艾迪最近常常表现反常：他迷恋旧女友，疑神疑鬼乱指钱德和她睡觉，还说钱德杀了他养的鱼。

理查因为菲比说莫妮卡曾有“很多”男友而向莫妮卡打听具体数字。

罗斯也为类似问题向瑞秋穷追不舍。

当天夜里，两对情侣都尽释前嫌并打算趁热打铁——然而公寓里只翻出一只避孕套。

乔伊在《肥皂剧文摘》里乱盖说，很多台词都是他自己写的，得罪了编剧，所以他的角色被写死了：瑞摩瑞医生从电梯间掉进了万丈深渊，摔得稀巴烂——唯一能救他性命的，只有医术高明的，瑞摩瑞医生。

[Scene: Monica and Rachel's apartment. Everyone except Ross is there watching Days of Our Lives.]AMBER: Oh Drake.DR. REMORE: I'm sorry Amber. It's just like Brad to have to have the last word.have the last word在争论中硬要说出最后一句话,强辩到底[Ross enters]ROSS: I'm sorry I'm late, what happened?MONICA: We, we just wanna see the end.AMBER: I want you Drake.DR. REMORE: I know you do but you and I can never be together that way.AMBER: What?DR. REMORE: There's something I never told you Amber. I'm actually your half-brother.half-brother n.同母异父[同父异母]兄弟/There's something I never told you Amber. I'm actually your half- brother: a brother related through one parent only[Everyone gasps. The show ends.]RACHEL: So what happens next?JOEY: Well,I get the medical award for separating the siamese twins.Then Amber and I go to Venezuela to meet our other half-brother, Ramone. And that's where I find the world's biggest emerald. It's really big but it's cursed.Siamese twins n.连体婴儿/Venezuela n.委内瑞拉(南美洲北部国家)/emerald n.绿宝石/curse v.诅咒/ Well, I get the medical award for separating the siamese twins. Then Amber and I go to Venezuela to meet our other half-brother, Ramone. And that's where I find the world's biggest emerald. It's really big but it's cursed: siamese twins means one of a pair of identical twins born with their bodies joined at some point; emerald means a rich green variety of beryl( n.绿柱石)prized as a gemstone(n.经雕琢的宝石)CHANDLER: God that is good TV.OPENING TITLES[Scene: Chandler and Eddie's apartment. Chandler is at the foosball table trying to get Phoebe to play a game with him.]CHANDLER: Phoebs, play with meeee.PHOEBE: No. This game is grotesque. Twenty armless guys joined at the waist by a steel bar20个手无寸铁的男人被一根铁棒在腰间串在一起, forced to play soccer forever. Ahh, hello, human-rights violation.grotesque adj.奇形怪状的,奇异的/armless adj.手无寸铁的/human-rights violation侵犯人权/No. This game is grotesque. Twenty armless guys joined at the waist by a steel bar, forced to play soccer forever. Ahh, hello, human-rights violation: BIZARRE(adj.稀奇古怪的)CHANDLER: Ya know Phoebs, don't feel so bad for 'em. After they're done playing, I break out the little plastic women and everybody has a pretty good time.break out取出PHOEBE: Why don't you play with your roommate?CHANDLER: Ah he's a, he's not a big fan of foosball.PHOEBE: Uh oh, ooh, are we not getting along with the new boy?CHANDLER: No he's, he's alright, just uh, he spends most of his time in his room.PHOEBE: Maybe that's because you haven't taken the time to get to know him. Let's remedy that, shall we?remedy vt.补救CHANDLER: We don't need to remedy that.PHOEBE: Oh yeah, it'll be fun. [throws a tennis ball at Eddie's bedroom door]EDDIE: What was that什么事?PHOEBE: Hi, um, I just thought that it would be fun if the three of us had some beers and got to know each other.EDDIE: Yeah alright, that sounds alright.PHOEBE: Oh good, ok. Oh nooo, I have to go because I'm late for my um, Green Eggs and Ham discussion group. Um tonight it's why he would not eat them on a train. Have fun bye.ham n.火腿/Green Eggs and Ham:菲比说自己要去参加的讨论小组叫做《绿蛋和火腿》，这是瑟斯博土最畅销的儿童小说之一。

Quant玛丽·奎恩特影响维达·沙宣的伟大女人著名服装专家A·布莱克和M·加兰德教授的巨著《时装历史》中关于"五花八门的六、七十年代"的一章开头写道："伴随着玛丽·奎恩特的伦敦英王大道上的"巴萨"百货店的开业，在时装历史上一个始料未及的崭新一页开始了。

""迷你裙"席卷全世界，玛丽·奎恩特开创了服装史上裙下摆最短的时代。

玛丽·奎恩特成为六十年代红极一时的时尚代表。

她不同于以往的设计大师们，不是一个自始至终的时装家，但她曾经是六十年代伦敦时装狂飙运动的领袖，她被誉为"迷你裙之母"。

像一颗彗星一样迅速升起，像焰火一样光芒四射，但又很快在时装界里消逝了。

这是一位独特的，在服装史上不可忽视的重要的设计专家。

就在迪奥离开人世之前，她已经预感到时代的变化，新设计师们的冲击，传统的高级时装已不能顺应世界潮流，在他最后几年的设计里已经在造型线与功能上作了重大的修改。

同时，由二次大战以后发展起来的成衣时装，从开始对高级时装的粗糙模仿的阶段发展到了另辟蹊径，走出新路，越来越成为时装界领导潮流的中坚。

纵观时装历史，时装大多数为成年妇女所穿用，设计家们的高级时装主要内容是各种奢华的礼服、悠闲的晨衣、蹒跚的紧身女裙。

人们往往不重视年轻少女群，特别是忽视了二次大战后生活方式的多样化，运动、旅游、游泳热的广泛兴起，对传统时装设计不能不是强力的挑战。

有人说，年轻的成衣时装的成功，是由于全世界少女突然间对巴伦夏卡精致绝伦的典雅的女装的厌倦。

确实，时代需要更加活泼年轻和更加富有朝气的时装。

首先作出这种反应的是英国伦敦。

作为世界时装中心之一的伦敦，具有保守和激进的双重性格，它时而会成为最时髦、最革命的温床。

六十年代的伦敦时装就是走在世界的前列。

英国时装界的有识之士在五十年代已开始酝酿着这一变化。

玛丽·艾伦·里士曼生平著述及对我国社会工作发展的启示作者：王国渝来源：《社会工作与管理》2014年第04期摘要：玛丽·艾伦·里士曼是社会工作实务原则的重要奠基人之一。

虽然只接受过中学教育，但她始终保持着献身公共事务的热情和公民意识，先后在“慈善组织会社”和纽约拉塞尔·赛奇基金会从事慈善工作。

她将毕生的精力都贡献于推动社会工作的专业化和社会公平。

在社会工作的专业化和职业化的历史中，里士曼所著《社会诊断》和《社会个案工作是什么》是最为重要的两部著作。

回顾一个世纪前里士曼确立社会工作专业方法的时代背景和具体路径，对我国社会工作的发展具有重要启示：一是回应社会需求，在社会福利整体中确定社会工作的专业地位；二是扎根实务，在搜集和整理现有资料的基础上构建中国社会工作理论。

关键词：里士曼；社会工作；慈善中图分类号：C916 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1671-623X（2014）04-0071-05玛丽·艾伦·里士曼①（Mary Ellen Richmond，1861—1928）被誉为“社会个案工作之母”，是社会工作实务原则的重要奠基人之一，其《社会诊断》一书的出版被认为是社会工作专业方法正式建立的重要标志。

然而国内社会工作的研究领域内，对里士曼其人的介绍仅散见于研究社会工作发展历史的各类文献之中。

而专门介绍其作品的文献也只有王婴于2008年发表的《〈社会诊断〉简介》一文，只是对该书主要内容做了500字左右的简短说明。

[1]时至今日，我国社会工作的专业发展无论在实务领域还是在理论研究领域都已初见成果，但在大力推进社会工作实务，探索社会工作理论本土化时，对社会工作专业奠基之初的关键人物和经典作品却知之甚少。

基于此，本文在对里士曼其人生平和核心作品进行介绍的基础上，探讨其对我国社会工作发展的启示。

一、里士曼的生平里士曼于1861年8月4日出生于美国伊利诺伊州贝尔维尔市。

第65届最佳女主角最佳女主角埃玛·汤普森(EmmaThompson)《霍华德庄园》(HowardsEnd)埃玛·汤普森（EmmaThompson，1959年4月15日－）英国演员、喜剧演员及剧作家。

奥斯卡最佳女主角奖与英国电影和电视艺术学院最佳女主角奖得主。

多次提名奥斯卡奖、金球奖、艾美奖。

个人履历艾玛·汤普森(10张)艾玛·汤普森(10张)艾玛·汤普森于1959年出生在伦敦帕丁顿（Paddington）地区。

她出身戏剧世家，父亲艾瑞克·汤普森（EricThompson）为剧场导演，最著名的作品是儿童电视剧《神奇的旋转木马》（TheMagicRoundabout），它曾于1960年代至1970年代之间于BBC拨映。

而她的母亲费莉·达洛（PhyllidaLaw）来自苏格兰，她与妹妹苏菲·汤普森（SophieThompson）都是演员。

埃玛·汤普森曾经在苏格兰呆过一阵子，她说她在“感受苏格兰”。

艾玛从小充满欢乐的家庭氛围里长大，当年的她是个成绩优秀的女学生。

她后来进入剑桥大学纽纳姆学院英国文学系就读。

她在校时即开始参加剑桥大学的戏剧社团脚灯俱乐部（CambridgeFootlights），并担任副主席，当时史提芬·费亚与侯·罗利等人也参予这个社团。

她也是剑桥第一个女子讽喻剧团WOMAN'SHOUR的发起人之一。

1980年大学毕业后，艾玛开始了自己在娱乐圈的事业，而且很快的在西区剧院的音乐剧《MeAndMyGirl》中演出。

艾玛·汤普森接下来则参予BBC的电视剧《FortunesofWar》。

很快取得电视表演领域里的突破。

上世纪80年代中期，她还做了几年时间的电视喜剧评论，有时和Footlights戏剧表演小组的校友合作共事。

汤普森早期的演出包括1983年及1984年拨放的电视剧《Alfresco》，史提芬·费亚、班·艾尔顿（BenElton）与侯·罗利也都参予演出。

永不妥协——”超长待机“女星奥莉薇·黛·哈佛兰的传奇人生老牌明星成龙大哥昨天批评年轻演员不够敬业，好莱坞女星奥莉薇·黛·哈佛兰这位今年已经102岁的传奇人物也没闲着，成为了案件控告人。

她给我们留下最深印象的就是电影《乱世佳人里温柔善良的梅兰妮，她的人生就是意志惊人永不妥协的一生。

她是两届奥斯卡小金人得主，代表作有《乱世佳人》、《良宵苦短》等。

在这张联合照片中，女演员奥莉薇·黛·哈佛兰于1968年10月4日在罗马现身，而女演员凯瑟琳泽塔-琼斯则在FX系列剧《宿敌：贝蒂和琼》中饰演黛哈佛兰。

该剧获得了18项艾美奖提名，也是因为这部2017年3月上演的电视剧，哈佛兰将FX电视台和导演瑞恩·墨菲一起告上了法庭，原因是她认为该剧把她投进了“虚假的光线”（false light,法律术语,意为以不实之词歪曲他人形象)，尽管她的角色仅限于八集系列的17分钟，却被不公平地描绘成一个粗俗的人，并表示他们未经允许就使用了她的肖像，也没获利授权使用她的原型作为该剧角色，应该赔偿她。

她的案件主要集中在一个场景中，她的角色称她的妹妹琼芳登是“婊子”，而实际上她称她为“龙女”。

她还反对她的角色讲的一个笑话，说弗兰克西那特拉是个酒鬼。

展开剩余83%本周一加州上诉法院否决了她的诉讼,认为无论是名人还是普通人都无权控制节目的创作者如何描述她本人。

被告认为这一裁决不仅是FX和墨菲的胜利，也是所有编剧和制作人的胜利，美国电影协会、Netflix和其他组织也对此表示支持。

如果法院做出对黛哈佛兰支持的判决，可能会打开潘多拉的盒子，以后任何人觉得影视作品中的描述不合己意就会提出控告，创作就会无法进行下去。

三名法官组成的小组在一份38页的意见书中写道：“在这些富有表现力的作品中，不管一个人是世界知名的电影明星——一个活着的传奇人物，还是一个没人知道的人，都没有法律权力来控制、发号施令、批准、反对或否决创作者对真实人物的描写刻画和艺术加工。