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17Students come to campus at a time of high expectancy. And yet, all too often they become enmeshed in routines that are deadening and distracting. As we talked with teachers and students, we often had the uncomfortable feeling that the most vial issues of life —the nature of society, the roots of social injustice, indeed the very prospects for human survival —are the ones with which the undergraduate college is least equipped to deal.18The outcomes of collegiate education should be measured by the student’s performance in the classroom as he or she becomes proficient in the use of knowledge, acquires a solid basic education, and becomes competent in specific field. Further, the impact of the undergraduate experience is to be assessed by the performance of the graduate in the workplace and further education.19But in the end, students must be inspired by a larger vision, using the knowledge they have acquired to discover patterns, form values, and advance the common good. The undergraduate experience at its best will move the student from competence to commitment.20A recent college graduate wrote about the commitments of young people and their future. She asks:“what kind of nation will we be if we cannot even commit ourselves to other people, much less to a set of abstract values?...what kinds of politicians will we elect if self-interest is our highest value, humanity an ‘inoperative’ commodity ?”21When all is said and done, the college should encourage each student to develop the capacity to judge wisely in matters of life and conduct. Time must be taken for exploring ambiguities and reflecting on the imponderables of life —in classrooms, in the rathskellers, and in bull sessions late at night. The goal is not to indoctrinate students, but to set them free in the word of ideas and provide a climate in which ethical and moral choices can be thoughtfully examined, and convictions formed.22This imperative does not replace the need for rigorous study in the disciplines, but neither must specialization become an excuse to suspend judgment or diminish the search for purposeful life objectives.23We are keenly aware of the limited impact people and their institutions seem to make these days on the events of our time. But our abiding hope is that, with determination and effort, the undergraduate college can make a difference in the intellectual and personal lives of its graduates, in the social and civic responsibilities they are willing to assume, and ultimately in their world perspective. These intangibles, which reveal themselves in ways that are very real, are the characteristics by which, ultimately, the quality of the undergraduate experience must be measured.17学生在校园里的高预期时间。
Unit1 从能力到责任当代的大学生对他们在社会中所扮演的角色的认识模糊不清。
他们致力于寻求在他们看来似乎是最现实的东西：追求安全保障，追逐物质财富的积累。
年轻人努力想使自己成人成才、有所作为，但他们对未来的认识还是很模糊的。
处于像他们这样前程未定的年龄阶段，他们该信仰什么?大学生一直在寻找真我的所在，寻找生活的意义。
一如芸芸众生的我们，他们也陷入了两难的境地。
一方面，他们崇尚奉献于人的理想主义，而另一方面，他们又经不住自身利益的诱惑，陷入利己主义的世界里欲罢不能。
最终而言，大学教育素质的衡量取决于毕业生是否愿意为他们所处的社会和赖以生存的城市作出贡献。
尼布尔曾经写道：“一个人只有意识到对社会所负有的责任，他才能够认识到自身的潜力。
一个人如果一味地以自我为中心，他将会失去自我。
”本科教育必须对这种带有理想主义色彩的观念进行自我深省，使学生超越以自我为中心的观念，以诚相待，服务社会。
在这一个竞争激烈＼残酷的社会，人们期望大学生能报以正直、文明，，甚至富有同情心的人格品质去与人竞争，这是否已是一种奢望?人们期望大学的人文教育会有助于培养学生的人际交往能力，如今是否仍然适合?毫无疑问，大学生应该履行公民的义务。
美国的教育必须立刻采取行动，使教育理所当然地承担起弥合公共政策与公众的理解程度之间的极具危险性且在日益加深的沟壑这一职责。
那些要求人们积极思考政府的议程并提供富于创意的意见的信息似乎越来越让我们感到事不关己。
所以很多人认为想通过公众的参与来解决复杂的公共问题已不再可能行得通。
设想，怎么可能让一些非专业人士去讨论必然带来相应后果的政府决策的问题，而他们甚至连语言的使用都存在困难?核能的使用应该扩大还是削弱?水资源能保证充足的供应吗?怎样控制军备竞赛?大气污染的安全标准是多少?甚至连人类的起源与灭绝这样近乎玄乎的问题也会被列入政治议事日程。
类似的一头雾水的感觉，公众曾经尝试过。
当他们试图弄懂有关“星球大战”的辩论的问题时，那些关于“威慑”与“反威慑”等高科技的专业术语，曾让公众一筹莫展。
Unit3 美国人的酷爱我父亲是别克人。
在经济大萧条以前，他本是史达兹人。
然而，就像成千上万经济状况处于上升阶段的有车族一样，那场可悲的经济逆转使他们非得调整对汽车的胃口不可。
到他死的时候，他开过的那些别克轿车就不只是普通意义上的交通工具了，而且将父亲定位于这样的社会阶层——比庞蒂亚克人富有，但比不上克迪拉克人。
拥有别克轿车让人一看便知父亲的社会地位。
与别克人相当的还有福特人和克莱斯勒人。
我们美国人与汽车的特殊缘分，其坚实的基础就在于对一种轿车品牌的忠诚，这种忠诚因其来之不易而倍受珍惜。
·这就是爱吗?也许用词过分，可美国人对这些机器的尊重甚过所有其他机器——不仅将它们视为20世纪雕塑大观中的标志，而且还将它们视为社会的护身符。
我记忆中的第一辆别克车是一辆闪闪发亮的黑色轿车，椅子的衬垫是厚厚的马海毛，离合器拉杆是新式的。
我父亲爱吹嘘说这辆车一小时能跑120英里。
一想到这样的速度就会令男人们兴奋不已。
我照着家里的菲尔可牌收音机盒里播出的格林，霍利特驾驶的那个神秘机器的名字，给这头漂亮的牲口取了个名副其实的绰号——黑美驹。
20世纪中，电话、电视或者个人电脑，这一切都使人类环境发生了巨大变化。
然而，与电话、电视、电脑不同的是，汽车却享有人格化的地位。
有些汽车可以成为家庭成员，机械宠物。
我们给汽车起名字，在自己·家的车道上精心打扮汽车，在汽车不能满足我们的需要时诅咒它们。
在折旧换新之时为旧车的离去而悲哀。
人们对汽车的热爱让环境保护者、安全为重的倡导者以及社会工程师们感到不安。
他们认为通往人间天堂的道路应该到处都铺设公交运输所必备的发亮轨道。
他们想象着我们加入未来拥挤不堪的自行车行列，而不是像一位激动不已的评论家所预见的那样，坐在“傲慢的双轮马车”方向盘后。
这种态度不是现在才有的。
首先是铁路，接着是汽车造成的人口流动早已使得守旧的特权阶层感到不安。
在战场上有过辉煌，但却以鄙视下层民众而出名的威林顿公爵在150年前就曾反对英国发展铁路，这是因为火车只会怂恿普通人毫无意义地到处走动。
Unit1 从能力到责任When today’s high-school seniors are asked what they plan to do after graduates, most say that they intend to get a bachelor’s degree. They have been told that their generation has only “one way to win”-by getting at least at least a bachelor’s degree, in the hope that it will eventually lead to a professional job.In a recent survey of high-school seniors conducted by the Nation Center for Education Statistics, 85 percent of the respondents said they planned to ge t a bachelor’s degree. And, although20 years ago only 45 percent of high-school graduates went on to college, today 68 percent actually matriculate (注册), with the majority enrolling in four-year or two-year programs designed to allow them transfer to four-year institutions.According to conventional wisdom, the rapid rise in the number of students attending college is cause for national celebration. But our research suggests that, intend it may be cause for national concern. Why? Because for many young peo ple, the “one way to win” paradigm (例子)is not realistic, given their academic talents and the labor-market projections. Students ranking below the top third of their high-school graduating class too often fail to earn as bachelor’s degree if they enroll in college. The cost of such failure–in both dollars and unmet expectations-is rising and beginning to erode public confidence in our system of high education.A 1.（Arnod Toynbee has said that all progress…）德.汤说过，一切进步，一切发展均来自挑战及由此引起的反应。
Traver languageWith the development and spread of language in the world, the same language may develop different meanings. This is due to cultural differences. For this reason, France once legislated to protect its own language, while English was divided with the appearance of Americans. This difference first appears in the words, such as loafer. In Mumbai, it means baker, while visitors to Mumbai think loafer means lazy. In addition to the meaning of words, this difference is also manifested in grammar. People in different regions will get used to the different parts of a sentenceLies and TruthLie and truth are two opposite words. People usually think that lies are deliberately said.Some people hold the view that lying is always bad, because lying means that the liar neither respects himself nor trusts the audience. The opposite view is that some lies are evil, while others are necessary to safeguard the society. Everyone distinguishes lies by their own views, which varies with cultural differences.In addition, lies can also be classified simply, including white lies, dirty lies and omitted liesFalse promises. A white lie is a lie whose starting point is to help others. A dirty lie, on the contrary, is for personal gain. Knowing but not telling is also a kind of lie, and lies caused by one's own cognitive errors are considered to be forgivable false promises. Another kind of lie is to cheat yourself, because it is very hard to live in the real world. So what is truth? The truth is that we have to live in a world full of so many lies.Generation XToday's young people are called "Generation X". They are very different from their parents, but why are they so different?We can find the answer from their social background and family environment. First of all, they don't have many competitors. Secondly, the high divorce rate of parents makes most of them grow up in single-parent families. Moreover, they know that they are inferior to their parents, but at the same time they accept themselves. Finally, Gen X also witnessed the final outcome of their parents' hard work. Therefore, they feel that they can't find a good job after graduation. They even began to expect a lot of money.But they are not a decadent generation. They have ideals and goals. They hope they can change society in many ways. They are more free, personalized, sincere and have their own ideas, so they hate political manipulation. They want to spend more time with their children. They focus on innovationI believe that Generation X is different from the surface in many ways. In a period of time, they will make the society better.Women, men and moneyAs we all know, a couple often quarrel over money. Scientific research shows that if a woman makes more money than her husband, her husband will feel uncomfortable, and the two people are likely to quarrel and even divorce.There are many reasons why women's earning ability gradually exceeds that of men. The most important is that, first of all, women have higher education than in the past. Secondly, more of them work full-time. Finally, with the progress of society, people began to pay attention to and demand gender equality in the workplace.The research also shows that when the husband's income is less than the wife's income, the husbands will feel uncomfortable. Although they will try to adapt to change, the results are often unsatisfactory. Women may even face emotional crisis, even domestic violence.Men feel uncomfortable because their wives earn more than themselves, but this is not all because of men. Because sometimes, some wives will not respect their husbands in quarrels because of their high income. Therefore, it is very important to choose the right partner at the beginning of a relationship.Under such circumstances, it takes great efforts to maintain the relationship after marriage. First of all, women must be very sensitive to men's feelings. Secondly, women should respect men's efforts. Finally, if necessary, women should acknowledge men's efforts in public and give them face.With the increasing trend of women's income, there may be ways to solve it or get used to it in the future.The soul of the BusinessMost businessmen only want to make money, but Tom Chappell, the author of "The Soul of Enterprise", is different from other businessmen. He believes that he is "managing for profit and common interests". He hopes to be connected with the spirit of consumers and have common values: respect for human dignity, community value, environment and animals, as well as all aspects of our natural world.In the United States, the economy and interests have always been closely linked. Under such circumstances, it seems out of place for him to work for the common interests. However, the facts proved that he was right. He changed the world. With the support of his wife and friends, Tom founded a natural canned product care product company. With this idea, Tom became a successful businessman and also influenced others. His idea was not only successful in making profits, but also successful in influencing people's thoughts. He hopes to set an example of ethical business standards. Tom and his wife put it into practice. He created a valuable work culture. This culture can motivate employees and make them progress. Their company pays attention to giving back to the society and doing public welfare.Tom said that business people should not only focus on making money, but also on protecting, cultivating and maintaining the things we cherish in our lives. His success confirmed his idea.To Err Is HumanPeople are born to make mistakes. You can't find a person who never makes mistakes. The computer was invented by human beings and is an extension of the human brain. So computer mistakes are also human mistakes in essence. Human fallibility may be a unique talent and also the driving force of human progress. When we make mistakes, we try to answer or solve problems. In the process, we learn, we progress, and we grow. When we encounter two or more choices, we will choose the best one. In this process, we think, thinking allows us to rise to a higher level. If we don't have the knack of making mistakes, we will never achieve anything in life.It is this ability that makes us stand out from many creatures. If one day the computer also has the ability to learn from its own mistakes, it will have a huge impact on the development of human beings and robots. However, until then, only we can learn from our mistakes and overcome challenges and obstacles. Therefore, if we face huge mistakes, we can find ourselves at a new level and prepare to move forward again. Although this can only be achieved through our own attempts, mistakes and ultimate success.On Being Black and Middle ClassThe black middle class is a very embarrassing existence in American society. They are both black and middle class. Their identity is defined from the upper white and middle class.The author is a black middle class. His father was born in a poor family, but through hard work and sacrifice, he achieved the status of the middle class, so the author very much agrees with the idea of the middle class. However, the author believes that the lower black people in the stereotype of white people are so unfortunate because they are not hard enough to blame their misfortune on their skin color. The author believes that black people should not be restricted by color, and they should change the status quo through their own efforts.Many black people think that as long as the whole black community improves, individuals can improve, so they ignore their efforts. However, on the contrary, race can only progress when a large number of individuals in the group make progress. Some black people believe that the middle class black people should go back and try their best to help the lower class black people. The author objected to this. He believed that the status of the middle class was completely achieved through our own efforts. It is better to give people fish than to give them fish. We need to show the way to the black people who want to get the middle class but can't find a way out, instead of directly giving them subsidies. They should try to seize the opportunity and fight for it.Depression and How to Beat itWhen ordinary people suffer from depression, they will lose their enthusiasm for life, become very sad, and even want to commit suicide.Depression is a very common disease, and it is easy to be confused with other diseases. It is difficult to diagnose depression in time.Depression is a terrible disease, but it is also the most easily treatable mental disease. In addition, the incidence rate of depression is closely related to changes in gender, age and living environment. In general, the incidence rate of women is generally higher than that of men, and people with high IQ are more likely to get sick. In one survey, nearly 23% of people experienced serious hesitation.The cause of depression is usually the stress in life, mood fluctuations, including happiness and sadness. In addition, depression may also be inherited.The Japanese ChallengeThe Japanese pay the most attention to their own interests and want to take advantage of various conditions. The United States and Japan are fighting a trade war. Japan is a strong competitor. But the United States government did not notice this.Japan has an advantage in this trade war. First, the Japanese government supports Japanese industry through policies. Cultivate all kinds of technical talents. In addition, Japan's institutional provisions allow the government and industry to work together to achieve its national goals. This enables people to unite and use the most advanced technology to design excellent products. Second, Japan's tax rate is very low. Third, the yen is artificially devalued, which is to make the products they export attractive in price.These advantages of Japan have kept the United States in a passive state and may adversely affect us at any time. We must ask Japan to explain the behavior of disturbing our economic market and explain their follow-up plans.On FriendshipEach country has different definitions of friendship, but the same thing is that everyone cares about friendship very much.Americans think friendship is easy. They don't need many friends, but they are comfortable. In France, on the contrary, they require friends to have the same views and be of the same sex.. For them, friendship is a matter of two people, independent of family. German friendship is based on feelings. They value each other's heart more. In their view, friendship is a temporary relationship. When the environment of two people changes, their friendship may change. British friendship is the opposite. Their friendship will not change with time. Once the British friendship breaks down, it will inevitably leave irreparable scars.Each kind of friendship has its own way of life. However, the essence is the same. Friendship is different from affection. He is to choose and be chosen, as well as to be equal and inclusive. These are the common essence of friendship.。
Unit1 从能力到责任当代的大学生对他们在社会中所扮演的角色的认识模糊不清。
他们致力于寻求在他们看来似乎是最现实的东西：追求安全保障，追逐物质财富的积累。
年轻人努力想使自己成人成才、有所作为，但他们对未来的认识还是很模糊的。
处于像他们这样前程未定的年龄阶段，他们该信仰什么?大学生一直在寻找真我的所在，寻找生活的意义。
一如芸芸众生的我们，他们也陷入了两难的境地。
一方面，他们崇尚奉献于人的理想主义，而另一方面，他们又经不住自身利益的诱惑，陷入利己主义的世界里欲罢不能。
最终而言，大学教育素质的衡量取决于毕业生是否愿意为他们所处的社会和赖以生存的城市作出贡献。
尼布尔曾经写道：“一个人只有意识到对社会所负有的责任，他才能够认识到自身的潜力。
一个人如果一味地以自我为中心，他将会失去自我。
”本科教育必须对这种带有理想主义色彩的观念进行自我深省，使学生超越以自我为中心的观念，以诚相待，服务社会。
在这一个竞争激烈＼残酷的社会，人们期望大学生能报以正直、文明，，甚至富有同情心的人格品质去与人竞争，这是否已是一种奢望?人们期望大学的人文教育会有助于培养学生的人际交往能力，如今是否仍然适合?毫无疑问，大学生应该履行公民的义务。
美国的教育必须立刻采取行动，使教育理所当然地承担起弥合公共政策与公众的理解程度之间的极具危险性且在日益加深的沟壑这一职责。
那些要求人们积极思考政府的议程并提供富于创意的意见的信息似乎越来越让我们感到事不关己。
所以很多人认为想通过公众的参与来解决复杂的公共问题已不再可能行得通。
设想，怎么可能让一些非专业人士去讨论必然带来相应后果的政府决策的问题，而他们甚至连语言的使用都存在困难?核能的使用应该扩大还是削弱?水资源能保证充足的供应吗?怎样控制军备竞赛?大气污染的安全标准是多少?甚至连人类的起源与灭绝这样近乎玄乎的问题也会被列入政治议事日程。
类似的一头雾水的感觉，公众曾经尝试过。
当他们试图弄懂有关“星球大战”的辩论的问题时，那些关于“威慑”与“反威慑”等高科技的专业术语，曾让公众一筹莫展。
2024年考研英语学习总结2024年考研英语备考之路注定是一段艰辛而充实的旅程。
通过这一年的努力，我不仅掌握了更多的英语知识和技巧，还培养了自己的学习能力和应变能力。
在这____字的总结中，我将回顾自己的学习经历，总结取得的成绩和经验，以及遇到的困难和所需改进的地方。
首先，在英语学习的过程中，我主要采用了分阶段的学习方法。
在备考初期，我主要是通过扎实的基础知识学习和大量的阅读来提升自己的英语水平。
我每天坚持背诵和复习高频词汇，并通过阅读英文文章来提高阅读理解能力。
同时，我也利用网络平台和参加英语角等活动来提高口语表达能力。
这些基础工作为后期的专项训练打下了坚实的基础。
其次，在备考的中期和后期，我注重对考试技巧和题型的熟悉和掌握。
通过分析往年真题和模拟试题，我逐渐摸索出了一些解题技巧和思路。
例如，在阅读理解中，我通过找出文章的主题句和关键词，快速筛选出对应题目的相关信息。
在完形填空方面，我主要注意关注上下文语境和句子结构，从而选择正确的答案。
在写作方面，我注重培养自己的逻辑思维和组织能力，并通过模仿和修改范文来提高写作水平。
除了学习方法的调整，我还采取了一些应对考试压力和提高复习效率的措施。
首先，我每天保持充足的睡眠时间，以确保精力充沛。
其次，我合理规划每天的学习计划，并坚持定时反复温故知识。
此外，我也注意进行体育锻炼和放松自己的身心，以提高复习效果。
在这一年的学习过程中，我也遇到了许多困难和挑战。
首先是英语听力的难度。
相较于阅读和写作，我在听力方面的成绩相对较差。
因此，我会在接下来的学习中，加强听力的训练，多听多练，提高自己的听力理解能力。
其次是英语写作部分的表达能力。
尽管我通过模仿和修改范文来提高写作水平，但在真正面对自己的创作时，我依然感到困难重重。
因此，我希望在接下来的备考过程中，能多加练习，提高自己的写作能力。
综上所述，2024年的考研英语备考过程是充实而又艰辛的。
通过努力学习和不断总结，我取得了一些成绩和经验。
As I come to the end of my master's degree program, I find myself reflecting on the incredible journey of learning, growth, and discovery that has marked the past two years. This summary aims to encapsulate the key experiences, achievements, and insights gained during my time in the program.Academic AchievementsMy academic journey was characterized by a deep dive into the field of [Your Field of Study]. I began by solidifying my foundational knowledge through a comprehensive curriculum that included courses on [List Key Courses]. These courses provided me with a robust theoretical framework upon which to build my research and practical skills.One of the highlights of my academic experience was the completion of my master's thesis, titled "[Your Thesis Title]". This project involved extensive research, data analysis, and critical thinking, culminating in a comprehensive study that contributed to the existing body of knowledge in [Your Field of Study]. The process was challenging but rewarding, and it taught me the importance of perseverance and the value of meticulous research.Research ExperienceResearch has been a cornerstone of my master's program. I had the opportunity to work under the guidance of [Supervisor's Name], a leading expert in [Supervisor's Field]. My research focused on [Brief Description of Research], and it involved collaborating with a diverse team of students and faculty members.The research experience not only honed my technical skills but also introduced me to the intricacies of working in a team and managing complex projects. It also taught me the importance of clear communication and the ability to adapt to new challenges.Professional DevelopmentBeyond the classroom, I actively sought out opportunities to enhance my professional development. I participated in several workshops andseminars, including those on [List Relevant Workshops or Seminars]. These experiences provided me with practical skills and industryinsights that are invaluable for my future career.Additionally, I took on a teaching assistantship for a course in [Course Name]. This role allowed me to apply my knowledge in a teaching context, helping me develop my pedagogical skills and my ability to communicate complex concepts effectively.Personal GrowthThe master's program has been a transformative experience on a personal level as well. I have learned to manage my time more efficiently, tothink critically and analytically, and to approach challenges with a positive attitude. These skills have not only improved my academic performance but have also prepared me for the professional world.Future GoalsLooking forward, I am excited about the opportunities that lie ahead. I plan to pursue a career in [Your Desired Field], where I hope to apply the knowledge and skills I have acquired during my master's program. My ultimate goal is to make a meaningful contribution to the field of [Your Field of Study] and to continue my professional development through ongoing research and learning.In conclusion, my master's degree program has been an enriching and transformative experience. It has equipped me with the academic foundation, research skills, and professional competencies necessary to excel in my chosen field. I am grateful for the support of my professors, peers, and mentors, and I look forward to applying the lessons learnedto the next chapter of my life.。
Unit1 从能力到责任当代的大学生对他们在社会中所扮演的角色的认识模糊不清。
他们致力于寻求在他们看来似乎是最现实的东西：追求安全保障，追逐物质财富的积累。
年轻人努力想使自己成人成才、有所作为，但他们对未来的认识还是很模糊的。
处于像他们这样前程未定的年龄阶段，他们该信仰什么?大学生一直在寻找真我的所在，寻找生活的意义。
一如芸芸众生的我们，他们也陷入了两难的境地。
一方面，他们崇尚奉献于人的理想主义，而另一方面，他们又经不住自身利益的诱惑，陷入利己主义的世界里欲罢不能。
最终而言，大学教育素质的衡量取决于毕业生是否愿意为他们所处的社会和赖以生存的城市作出贡献。
尼布尔曾经写道：“一个人只有意识到对社会所负有的责任，他才能够认识到自身的潜力。
一个人如果一味地以自我为中心，他将会失去自我。
”本科教育必须对这种带有理想主义色彩的观念进行自我深省，使学生超越以自我为中心的观念，以诚相待，服务社会。
在这一个竞争激烈＼残酷的社会，人们期望大学生能报以正直、文明，，甚至富有同情心的人格品质去与人竞争，这是否已是一种奢望?人们期望大学的人文教育会有助于培养学生的人际交往能力，如今是否仍然适合?毫无疑问，大学生应该履行公民的义务。
美国的教育必须立刻采取行动，使教育理所当然地承担起弥合公共政策与公众的理解程度之间的极具危险性且在日益加深的沟壑这一职责。
那些要求人们积极思考政府的议程并提供富于创意的意见的信息似乎越来越让我们感到事不关己。
所以很多人认为想通过公众的参与来解决复杂的公共问题已不再可能行得通。
设想，怎么可能让一些非专业人士去讨论必然带来相应后果的政府决策的问题，而他们甚至连语言的使用都存在困难?核能的使用应该扩大还是削弱?水资源能保证充足的供应吗?怎样控制军备竞赛?大气污染的安全标准是多少?甚至连人类的起源与灭绝这样近乎玄乎的问题也会被列入政治议事日程。
类似的一头雾水的感觉，公众曾经尝试过。
当他们试图弄懂有关“星球大战”的辩论的问题时，那些关于“威慑”与“反威慑”等高科技的专业术语，曾让公众一筹莫展。
Un itl 从能力到责任When today ' s highhool seniors are asked what they plan to do after graduates , most say thatthey intend to get a bachelor ' s degree. They have been told that their generation has only way to wingetting at least at least a bachelor ' s degree, in the hoeeehtutatlwil l eadto a professi onal job.In a recen t survey of high-school seniors con ducted by the Nati on Cen ter for Educati on Statistics,85 percent of the respondents said they planned to get a bachelor 'degree. And, although 20 years agoonly 45 percent of high-school graduates went on to college, today 68 percent actually matriculate （注册）,with the majority enrolling in four-year or two-year programs designed to allow them transfer tofour-year institutions.According to conventional wisdom, the rapid rise in the number of students attending college is causefor national celebration. But our research suggests that, intend it may be cause for national concern.Why? Because for many young peo ple, the “ one way to win ”例子id）gm （ not realistic , give ntheir academic tale nts and the labor-market project ions. Stude nts ranking below the top third of theirs degre high- school graduating class too often fail to earn as bachelor if they enroll in college. The cost of suchfailure -n both dollars and unmet expectations -is rising and begi nning to erode public con fide nee inour system of high education .A 1. （Arnod Toynbee has said that all progress …）德.汤说过，一切进步，一切发展均来自挑战及由此引起的反应。
没有挑战就没有反应，没有发展，没有自由。
所以，我们首先应该在我们孩子的能力允许的范围内为他们开设最严格最富有挑战性的课程。
2. （The seco nd opportu nity we can give ourboys …）我们可以向我们的孩子提供第二个机会是允许他们有失败的权力。
德.纽伊写道：“不仅是一种特权，也是一种考验。
”如果没有人可以失败，那它算什么考验，算什么自由呢？美国可以向所有在高中读者完四年课程而不管其是否取得任何明显收获的学生发放毕业文凭的日子已经一去不复返了。
我们现在生活在一个外变得很狭隘的世界里，们必须同对现实保持警觉，有所认识；而现实主义要求树立一个要么成功要么失败的标准。
这些话听起来很刺耳，但都是残酷的事实。
如果我们剥夺了孩子的失败权力，实际上我们就剥夺了他们如实地认识世界的机会。
B 1.（如今的大学生，尽管他们努力的想使自己成才，但对未来还是很模糊的）Today'suni versity stude nts are struggli ng to establish themselves, but they still have ambiguous feeli ngsabout their future.2. （一个人如果不能找到自我以外的中心，就不能实现它的自我价值。
所以，理想的本科教育必须使学生超越自我）A man cannot find himself without finding a center beyond hi. So theidealism of the un dergraduate experie nee must help the stude nt transcend himself.3. （我们强烈的希望在大学所学到的知识在今后的工作与学习中能起到重要的作用）Weeagerly hope that the lessons leaned in the university will reveal themselves inour performa nee in the workplace and further educati on.4. （四年的本科学习是走向成功生活的唯一道路，这种说法是无法接受的）It cann ot goun challe nged to say that the 4-year un dergraduate experie nee is the only path to success in life.5. （在对一个关键的问题做结论时，如果只相信所谓的专家而不相信自己，不根据调查的结果，不根据实验的数据，那是在冒险）We run the risk of making critical decisions,not on the basis of what we know, the findings of investigations, and the data ofexperime nts, but on the basis of bli nd faith in professed experts.6. （我们的事业需要一批受过良好教育又能关心他人的年轻人，他们能团结一致，相互学习，积极参加四化建设）Our task n eeds a large group of well-i nformed, cari ng young people who can band together, learn from each other, and actively participate in the four moder ni zati ons.7. （如果这所新学校要有生命力的话，它培养的学生不仅要有扎实的基础和熟练的专业技能，还要有奉献精神）If it is to endure, the new school should help the students notonly acquire a sold basic educati on and become compete nt in a specific field, but also be ready to commit themselves to others.8. （如果大学生对考试过于投入，就有可能把能力与奉献放到次要的地位，这样说一点也不过分）It is not too muchto say that if undergraduates excessively devote themselves to exam in ati ons, the will push compete nee and commitme nt to the frin ges.9. （我甚至没有跟他说话，当然更不用说与他讨论有关你们学校的改建问题）I did n'teven speak to him; much less discuss the recon struct ion of your school with him.10. （有人认为考试是很重要的，但也有人认为考试有不少弊端。
所以考试留下了一个未能解决的问题---考试对教育有什么影响？）Some people think examinations are secondto non e,but someth ink exam in ati ons have a lot of disadva ntages. Exam in ati ons leave us an ope n esse ntial questi on --- what in flue nee do exam in ati ons exert on educati on?Unit 2家庭企业：下一代的前景E. A small family-ow ned compa ny, Eisai, was one of the orig inal manu facturers of vitamin E,and it main tai ned a strong research commitme nt to n atural pharmaceuticals. Over the years, it developed drugs for the treatment of cardiovascular, respiratory, and neurological diseases. The company experienced steady. Modest growth, and in 1992 sales reached 197 billion yen and profits approached 13 billion yen. Although it was the sixth-largest Japanese pharmaceutical company, Eisai was a relatively small player in an industry in which global competition was increasing while growth in the domestic market was slowing down.In 1993, Haruo Naito took over as preside nt from his father. Before that, he had chaired Eisai' five-year strategic planning committee. During that time, he had become convinced that the compa ny's focus on the discovery and manu facture of pharmaceuticals was not susta in able for Ion g-term growth aga inst large, global competitors. Two years after beco ming preside nt, Naito formulated a radical new vision for Eisai that he called Human Health Care. It extended the company's focus from manufacturing drug treatments for specific illness to improving the overall quality of life. To accomplish that mission, Eisai developed a wide array of new products. And that, in turn, would require broad involvement and commitment. He encouraged innovative activity and created an environment in which employees' efforts would be accepted and rewarded . Soon there were proposals for 130 additional HHC projects and by the end of 1996, in the Japanese domestic pharmaceutical industry, and Eisai ' customers and competitors view the compa ny as a leader in health care.A1. （Ow ners/fo un ders are extremely drive n and dyn amic. Ofte n they …）业主/ 企业创建者不仅进取心强，而且精力充沛。
