英语教学课件系列Naturaldisasters自然灾害语法Grammar

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What were they doing yesterday?
08.0id George
Celine Adam
Mary
Bob
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And now it’s your turn !
What were you doing yesterday
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Simple Past
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8上 Unit 8 Grammar
The simple past continuous tense
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THE SIMPLE PAST
• The simple past is used to describe actions and events that are now completed and no longer true in the present.
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Past continuous tense
Affirmative
I
You We They
He She It
was were
was
studying
Negative
Was not
I
Wasn’t
You We They
He She It
were not weren’t
was not wasn’t
studying
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PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE
• The Past Continuous describes an action that was already happening at a time in the past and was not finished at the time.
• It means that the action was in progress at a certain time in the past. Example: At 5 o´clock Mark was playing football with his friends.

3．在限制性定语从句中，如果有两个定语从句，其中前一句的 关系代词是 that，那么后一句的关系代词就要用 which。
Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the library which was newly open.
让我给你看这本新开的图书馆里借来的小说。 [即时演练 4]用关系代词填空 ①The house in _w_h_i_c_h I used to live has become a shoe shop. ②Have you ever read the book，_w_h_i_c_h was written by a young girl?
Unit 4 Natural disasters
Section Ⅲ Grammar——定语从句(Ⅰ)
语境自主领悟 先观察原句
1. There were deep cracks that/ which appeared in the well walls. 2.Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured. 3.The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400,000. 4.Soon after the quakes，the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. 5.Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. 6.A doctor with whom James used to work died in the 2016 earthquake in Ecuador. 7.Mr Li is an architect whose designs for the new town of Wenchuan have won praise. 8.The supplies which were provided to the disaster area were collected from around the country.

• I was watching TV. when the phone rang.
now
• What were you doing when the phone rang?
(background description – I was watching T.V.)
• What happened when you were watching T.V.?
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PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE
• The Past Continuous describes an action that was already happening at a time in the past and was not finished at the time.
• It means that the action was in progress at a certain time in the past. Example: At 5 o´clock Mark was playing football with his friends.
Key word: when
Past Continuous
1. To say that something was in progress at a certain time in the past
2. To describe a background situation (was / were + ING)
•I was watching T.V. at 8.30 pm last night. (I started at 8.00 pm
and was still watching T.V. at 8.30 pm).

They weren’t making a snowman at that moment.
Were they making a snowman at that moment?
Yes, they were./ No, they weren’t.
2.我昨天这个时候正在搜索因特网。（否 疑） I was searching the Internet at this time yesterday.
过去进行时的句式
（1）肯定句： was/were + v-ing （2）否定式： was/were not + v-ing
was not = wasn’t
were not = weren’t
（3）疑问句：将 was/were 调到主语前
句式改写
1.They were making a snowman at that moment.(否 疑)
Quiz
一、用所给动词的适当形式填空。 It was ten o’clock on Sunday morning. The family were all in the garden. Mr King and Mrs King ___________(sit) were sitting under the tree, and they were __________(talk) talking laughing and ________(laugh). Their son Jack was reading ___________(read) an interesting book. Their daughter Wendy __________ was playing (play) with their dog. Everyone was happy.

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过去进行时
我们可以用过去进行时表示过去某一时刻正在进行 的动作或过去某一阶段一直在进行的动作。如： I was doing my homework at 8 p.m. last night. 昨晚8点我正在做家庭作业。 What were you doing last month? 你上个月一直在做什么？
Simon: I _w_a_s__h_av_i_n_g__ (have) breakfast. Mr Wu: What about you, Millie?
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Millie: I __w_a_s_w__a_lk_i_n_g_ (walk) to the bus stop. Sandy, I saw you and your parents standing on the side of the road. _W__e_re_ you _w__a_it_in_g_ (wait) for a taxi?
Language Points
1. My dad's car broke down because of the cold weather. break down (车辆或机器)出故障，坏掉 e.g. The car broke down on the way to the airport. 车子在去机场的路上出故障了。 because of 因为；由于 e.g. Because of you, we have to put the meeting off. 因为你的缘故，我们已把会议推迟了。
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1. We use “was + doing” with the pronoun __h_e__, _s_h_e__, ___it__ and __I___. We use “were + doing” with the pronoun _y_o_u__, _t_h_e_y_ and __w_e__.

(3) 疑问句：将 was / were 调到主语前 结构为:Was/Were+主语+verb-ing? 回答：Yes, 主语+was/were.
No, 主语+ was not/wasn’t.
were not/weren’t. Was he running? Yes, he was. / No, he wasn’t.
1. 过去进行时主要表示： ￭ 在过去某一时刻正在进行的动作 (a) They were eating breakfast at 7:00 am
yesterday. (b) I was writing a letter at this time
yesterday. (c) Five minutes ago, Danny was looking
Grammar
Objectives
揭标引学
➢To learn to use the past continuous tense to talk about things that were happening for some time in the past
➢To learn to use past continuous tense with while, when and as.
Words and expression review
break
vi. 损坏；打破
break down 出故障；坏掉
because of 由于；因为
Look at the following sentences carefully. Pay attention to the colored parts.
out of the window and Suzy was reading a book.

(specific event – the phone rang.)
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2. Fill in the gaps with the past continuous of the verbs in brackets.
1. Mark _w__a_s_s_t_u_d_y_in_g_ (study) when the telephone rang. 2. They _w_e_r_e_n_’t_w__a_t_c_h_in_g_ ( not/watch) T.V when Susan arrived. 3. __W_e_r_e_ we __s_h_o_p_p_i_n_g_ (shop) when we met Susan? 4. While I _w__a_s_c_r_o_s_s_i_n_g (cross) the street, a car had a puncture. 5. The teacher _w_a_s_n_’_t _ta_l_k_in_g_ (not/talk) when John arrived. 6. The pupils _w__e_re__p_la_y_i_n_g(play) when the bell rang. 7. Lucy __w_a_s__s_tu_d__y_in_g(study) when someone knocked at the door.
03.00
JSiamPSrahahilliyp
thTeoJAmabncankby
WhileWPhWhiillWehipiSlhewaileSlalyasJriwmpalhaawsywaicnaslesgpaldcanaoyinimncggpintuthhgtee, rJhvgaioocaulikmns,eweT,saAh,senTlonibsmawtbeawynsiawnhsagasptvlocianrymygiinnuaggs.bibcaa.tshk. etball at 3 o’clock yesterday.

Key word: when
Past Continuous
1. To say that something was in progress at a certain time in the past
2. To describe a background situation (was / were + ING)
(specific event – the phone rang.)
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2. Fill in the gaps with the past continuous of the verbs in brackets.
1. Mark _w__a_s_s_t_u_d_y_in_g_ (study) when the telephone rang. 2. They _w_e_r_e_n_’t_w__a_t_c_h_in_g_ ( not/watch) T.V when Susan arrived. 3. __W_e_r_e_ we __s_h_o_p_p_i_n_g_ (shop) when we met Susan? 4. While I _w__a_s_c_r_o_s_s_i_n_g (cross) the street, a car had a puncture. 5. The teacher _w_a_s_n_’_t _ta_l_k_in_g_ (not/talk) when John arrived. 6. The pupils _w__e_re__p_la_y_i_n_g(play) when the bell rang. 7. Lucy __w_a_s__s_tu_d__y_in_g(study) when someone knocked at the door.
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• Mr. Smith is the only foreigner that she knows. • This is the very book that belongs to him.
③当先行词是被the last, the only, the very修饰时
只能用that, 而不能用which
The young lady wwhhoo is standing over there is our English teacher.
① 找出关系代词 ② 确定先行词 ③ 括出完整句（关系代词所在的句 子并且分析所作成分）
作主语 ① He is a Chinese who plays an important
用that / which 填空
1. 定语从句： 修饰某个__名__词或__代__ 词的从句，并且跟在 所修饰的词___后__面___(前面/后面) 。
The definitions 定 语 从 句 三概念
• Lily is a girl who is very smart. • Lily told me everything that she knew.
（2017北京高考）
①当先行词是 everything,anything,nothing,something,few,all, none,little, some,等代词时，或者先行词被 every,any,all,some,no,little,few,much等修饰时
只能用that, 而不能用which
1. The students _w_h_o_/_th__a_t _don't study hard will not get good grades.
填入关系代词并划出定语从句

• We use the simple past to indicate exactly when an action or event took place in the past
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Put the verbs into the correct form.
• Last year I _s_p_e_n__t (spend) my holiday in Ireland.It __w_a_s__(be) great.I _tr_a_v_e__ll_e_d_ (travel) around by car with 2 friends and we _v_i_s_it_e_d__ (visit) lots of interesting places.In the evenings we usually __w_e__n_t_ (go) to a pub.One night we even ___le_a_r_n_t__(learn) some Irish dances.We _w__e_r_e_ (be) very lucky with the weather.It __d_id__n_’__t_r_a_i_n(not/rain) a lot.But we __s_a_w__ (see) some beautiful rainbow.
•I was watching T.V. at 8.30 pm last night. (I started at 8.00 pm
and was still watching T.V. at 8.30 pm).
Key word: while
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Fill in the blanks with simple past or past continuous.

• We were good friends.We knew each other well. (not “were knowing”)
• I was enjoying the party but Chris wanted to go home. (not “was wanting”)
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Use the past continuous together with the simple past:
Key word: when
Past Continuous
1. To say that something was in progress at a certain time in the past
2. To describe a background situation (was / were + ING)
• I was watching TV. when the phone rang.
now
• What were you doing when the phone rang?
(background description – I was watching T.V.)
• What happened when you were watching T.V.?
• We use the simple past to indicate exactly when an action or event took place in the past
2
Put the verbs into the correct form.
• Last year I _s_p_e_n_t_(spend) my holiday in Ireland.It _w__a_s__(be) great.I _tr_a_v_e__ll_e_d_ (travel) around by car with 2 friends and we _v_i_s_it_e_d__ (visit) lots of interesting places.In the evenings we usually __w_e__n_t_ (go) to a pub.One night we even __l_e_a_r_n_t__(learn) some Irish dances.We _w__e_re__ (be) very lucky with the weather.It __d_id__n_’t__ra__in__(not/rain) a lot.But we __s_a_w__ (see) some beautiful rainbow.

Working out the rules
What’s the function of the to-infinitives in the following sentences?
1. Alice Brown, head teacher, was teaching when the floor began to shake. Object Subject 2. It was very dangerous to stay inside during the hurricane. 3. My job today was to keep the student calm outside.
Predicative
1.不定式作主语
1. To have a healthy diet keeps us fit. 2. To finish your homework on time every day is your duty.
形式主语 It keeps us fit to have a healthy diet. It is your duty to finish your homework on time every day.
熟记以下句型： ① It is + adj. + to do sth. ② It is + a/an + n (pleasure ,pity, crime, honor…) + to do sth ③ It is +adj.+ for sb. +to do sth. ④ It is +adj(表人品的)+ of sb.+ to do sth. ⑤ It took(sb) some time / courage/ wisdom… +to do sth. ⑥ It is no use/good /useful/ useless / a waste of time + doing

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Key word: when
Past Continuous
1. To say that something was in progress at a certain time in the past
2. To describe a background situation (was / were + ING)
• It is often used with time expressions as while and as.
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It is the past form of simple continuous tense • He is listening to music now. • He was listening to music at this time yesterday.
8上 Unit 8 Grammar
The simple past continuous tense
1
THE SIMPLE PAST
• The simple past is used to describe actions and events that are now completed and no longer true in the present.
(specific event – the phone rang.)
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2. Fill in the gaps with the past continuous of the verbs in brackets.
1. Mark _w__a_s_s_t_u_d_y_in_g_ (study) when the telephone rang. 2. They _w_e_r_e_n_’t_w__a_t_c_h_in_g_ ( not/watch) T.V when Susan arrived. 3. __W_e_r_e_ we __s_h_o_p_p_i_n_g_ (shop) when we met Susan? 4. While I _w__a_s_c_r_o_s_s_i_n_g (cross) the street, a car had a puncture. 5. The teacher _w_a_s_n_’_t _ta_l_k_in_g_ (not/talk) when John arrived. 6. The pupils _w__e_re__p_la_y_i_n_g(play) when the bell rang. 7. Lucy __w_a_s__s_tu_d__y_in_g(study) when someone knocked at the door.

Past continuous tense
1. 过去进行时主要表示： 2. ￭ 在过去某一时刻正在进行的动作 (a) They were eating breakfast at 7:00 am (b) yesterday. (b) I was writing a letter at this time
2020/7/3
Activity（二） 过去进行时的标志词：
• at this time yesterday • at that moment/time, • at 8:00pm last night • between 7:00pm and 9:00pm last night • from 1983 to 1998 • when/while/as+句子
2020/7/3
• Homework • 1.记忆过去进行时的概念、构成、标志词 • 2.记忆重点词组句，句型。
2020/7/3
2020/7/3
teaching at Ma An Middle School. (b) Shu hongxing was playing computer
games between 9 p.m and 11 p.m last night.
2020/7/3
2. 过去进行时的否定句句式
主语+was / were not + doing was not = wasn’t were not = weren’t
2020/7/3
Quiz
用所给动词的适当形式填空。
It was ten o’clock on Sunday morning. The family were all in the garden. Mr King and Mrs King _w_e_r_e__si_t_ti_n_g_(sit) under the tree, and theyw__er_e__ta_l_k_i_n_g(talk) and _la_u_g_h_i_n_g_(laugh). Their son Jack _w_a_s__re_a_d_i_n_g_(read) an interesting book. Their daughter Wendy _w_a_s_p__la_y_i_n_g(play) with their dog. Everyone was happy.

My friend 1)__i_n_v_i_te_d_ (invite) me to a party.Everyone 2)_w__a_s__c_h_a_t_t_in_g_ (chat) and the DJ 3)_w__a_s_p__la_y_i_n_g(play) great music all night long. I 4)_d_a_n__c_e_d_ (dance) with a tall and very good-looking man. He 5)___w_a_s__ (be) quite friendly. While we 6)w__e_r_e_t_a_l_k_in__g(talk), a beautiful woman with long blond hair 7)__a_s_k_e_d__ (ask) him to dance. He 8)__s_a_i_d___ (say) yes! I 9) w__a_s__e_a_t_in_g__(eat) some pizza when suddenly the most good-looking man at the party 10)_a_s__k_e_d__ (ask) me to dance. I 11)_w__a_s__ (be) the happiest woman in the world! We 12) ___h_a_d___ (have) a wonderful time that evening.
• I was watching TV. when the phone rang.
now
• What were you doing when the phone rang?
(background description – I was watching T.V.)